Title 1

1. §1 — Words denoting number, gender, and so forth In determining the meaning of any Act of Congress, unless the context indicates otherwise- words importing the singular include and apply to several persons, parties, or things; words importing the plural include the singular; words importing the masculine gender include the feminine as well; words used in the present tense include the future as well as the present; the words "insane" and "insane person" shall include every idiot, insane person, and person non compos mentis; the words "person" and "whoever" include corporations, companies, associations, firms, partnerships, societies, and joint stock companies, as well as individuals; "officer" includes any person authorized by law to perform the duties of the office; "signature" or "subscription" includes a mark when the person making the same intended it as such; "oath" includes affirmation, and "sworn" includes affirmed; "writing" includes printing and typewriting and reproductions of visual symbols by photographing, multigraphing, mimeographing, manifolding, or otherwise. (July 30, 1947, ch. 388, 61 Stat. 633 ; June 25, 1948, ch. 645, §6, 62 Stat. 859 ; Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, §1, 65 Stat. 710 ; Pub. L. 112–231, §2(a), Dec. 28, 2012, 126 Stat. 1619 .)

2. §2 — “County” as including “parish”, and so forth

3. §3 — “Vessel” as including all means of water transportation

4. §4 — “Vehicle” as including all means of land transportation

5. §5 — “Company” or “association” as including successors and assigns

6. §6 — Limitation of term “products of American fisheries”

7. §7 — Marriage

8. §8 — “Person”, “human being”, “child”, and “individual” as including born-alive infant

9. §101 — Enacting clause

10. §102 — Resolving clause

11. §103 — Enacting or resolving words after first section

12. §104 — Numbering of sections; single proposition

13. §105 — Title of appropriation Acts

14. §106 — Printing bills and joint resolutions

15. § 106a. Promulgation of laws

16. § 106b. Amendments to Constitution

17. §107 — Parchment or paper for printing enrolled bills or resolutions

18. §108 — Repeal of repealing act

19. §109 — Repeal of statutes as affecting existing liabilities

20. §110 — Saving clause of Revised Statutes

21. §111 — Repeals as evidence of prior effectiveness

22. §112 — Statutes at Large; contents; admissibility in evidence

23. § 112a. United States Treaties and Other International Agreements; contents; admissibility in evidence

24. § 112b. United States international agreements and non-binding instruments; transparency provisions

25. §113 — “Little and Brown’s” edition of laws and treaties; slip laws; Treaties and Other International Acts Series; admissibility in evidence

26. §114 — Sealing of instruments

27. §201 — Publication and distribution of Code of Laws of United States and Supplements and District of Columbia Code and Supplements

28. §202 — Preparation and publication of Codes and Supplements

29. §203 — District of Columbia Code; preparation and publication; cumulative supplements

30. §204 — Codes and Supplements as evidence of the laws of United States and District of Columbia; citation of Codes and Supplements

31. §204 — Title 1, General Provisions— Act July 30, 1947, ch. 388, § 1 , 61 Stat. 633 .

32. §204 — Title 10, Armed Forces— Act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, § 1 , 70A Stat. 1 .

33. §204 — Title 11, Bankruptcy— Pub. L. 95–598, title I, § 101 , Nov. 6, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2549 .

34. §204 — Title 13, Census— Act Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1158 , 68 Stat. 1012 .

35. §204 — Title 14, Coast Guard— Act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393, § 1 , 63 Stat. 495 .

36. §204 — Title 17, Copyrights— Act July 30, 1947, ch. 391, § 1 , 61 Stat. 652 , as amended Oct. 19, 1976 , Pub. L. 94–553, title I, § 101 , 90 Stat. 2541 .

37. §204 — Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure— Act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 1 , 62 Stat. 683 .

38. §204 — Title 23, Highways— Pub. L. 85–767, § 1 , Aug. 27, 1958 , 72 Stat. 885 .

39. §204 — Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure— Act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 1 , 62 Stat. 869 .

40. §204 — Title 3, The President— Act June 25, 1948, ch. 644, § 1 , 62 Stat. 672 .

41. §204 — Title 31, Money and Finance— Pub. L. 97–258, § 1 , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 877 .

42. §204 — Title 32, National Guard— Act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, § 2 , 70A Stat. 596 .

43. §204 — Title 34, Navy—See Title 10, Armed Forces.

44. §204 — Title 35, Patents— Act July 19, 1952, ch. 950, § 1 , 66 Stat. 792 .

45. §204 — Title 36, Patriotic and National Observances, Ceremonies, and Organizations— Pub. L. 105–225, § 1 , Aug. 12, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1253 .

46. §204 — Title 37, Pay and Allowances of the Uniformed Services— Pub. L. 87–649, § 1 , Sept. 7, 1962 . 76 Stat. 451 .

47. §204 — Title 38, Veterans’ Benefits— Pub. L. 85–857, § 1 , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1105 .

48. §204 — Title 39, Postal Service— Pub. L. 86–682, § 1 , Sept. 2, 1960 , 74 Stat. 578 , as revised Pub. L. 91–375, § 2 , Aug. 12, 1970 , 84 Stat. 719 .

49. §204 — Title 4, Flag and Seal, Seat of Government, and the States— Act July 30, 1947, ch. 389, § 1 , 61 Stat. 641 .

50. §204 — Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works— Pub. L. 107–217, § 1 , Aug. 21, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1062 .

51. §204 — Title 41, Public Contracts— Pub. L. 111–350, § 3 , Jan. 4, 2011 , 124 Stat. 3677 .

52. §204 — Title 44, Public Printing and Documents— Pub. L. 90–620, § 1 , Oct. 22, 1968 , 82 Stat. 1238 .

53. §204 — Title 46, Shipping— Pub. L. 98–89, § 1 , Aug. 26, 1983 , 97 Stat. 500 ; Pub. L. 99–509, title V , subtitle B, § 5101, Oct. 21, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1913 ; Pub. L. 100–424, § 6 , Sept. 9, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1591 ; Pub. L. 100–710, title I, § 102 , Nov. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 4738 ; Pub. L. 109–304 , Oct. 6, 2006 , 120 Stat. 1485 .

54. §204 — Title 49, Transportation— Pub. L. 95–473, § 1 , Oct. 17, 1978 , 92 Stat. 1337 ; Pub. L. 97–449, § 1 , Jan. 12, 1983 , 96 Stat. 2413 ; Pub. L. 103–272, § 1 , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 745 .

55. §204 — Title 5, Government Organization and Employees— Pub. L. 89–554, § 1 , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 378 .

56. §204 — Title 51, National and Commercial Space Programs— Pub. L. 111–314, § 3 , Dec. 18, 2010 , 124 Stat. 3328 .

57. §204 — Title 54, National Park Service and Related Programs— Pub. L. 113–287, § 3 , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3094 .

58. §204 — Title 9, Arbitration— Act July 30, 1947, ch. 392, § 1 , 61 Stat. 669 .

59. §205 — Codes and Supplement; where printed; form and style; ancillaries

60. §206 — Bills and resolutions of Committee on the Judiciary of House of Representatives; form and style; ancillaries; curtailment of copies

61. §207 — Copies of acts and resolutions in slip form; additional number printed for Committee on the Judiciary of House of Representatives

62. §208 — Delegation of function of Committee on the Judiciary to other agencies; printing, and so forth, under direction of Joint Committee on Printing

63. §209 — Copies of Supplements to Code of Laws of United States and of District of Columbia Code and Supplements; conclusive evidence of original

64. §210 — Distribution of Supplements to Code of Laws of United States and of District of Columbia Code and Supplements; slip and pamphlet copies

65. §211 — Copies to Members of Congress

66. §212 — Additional distribution at each new Congress

67. §213 — Appropriation for preparing and editing supplements

Title 2

1. §1 — Time for election of Senators

2. § 1a. Election to be certified by governor

3. § 1b. Countersignature of certificate of election

4. § 2a. Reapportionment of Representatives; time and manner; existing decennial census figures as basis; statement by President; duty of clerk

5. § 2b. Number of Representatives from each State in 78th and subsequent Congresses

6. § 2c. Number of Congressional Districts; number of Representatives from each District

7. §5 — Nominations for Representatives at large

8. §6 — Reduction of representation

9. §7 — Time of election

10. §8 — Vacancies

11. §9 — Voting for Representatives

12. §21 — Oath of Senators

13. §22 — Oath of President of Senate

14. §23 — Presiding officer of Senate may administer oaths

15. §24 — Secretary of Senate or assistant secretary may administer oaths

16. §25 — Oath of Speaker, Members, and Delegates

17. § 25a. Delegate to House of Representatives from District of Columbia

18. §26 — Roll of Representatives-elect

19. §27 — Change of place of meeting

20. §28 — Parliamentary precedents of House of Representatives

21. § 28a. Compilation of the Precedents of House of Representatives; date of completion; biennial update; printing and availability of copies

22. § 28b. Printing and binding as public document of Precedents of House of Representatives; number of sets authorized

23. § 28c. Distribution of Precedents by Director of the Government Publishing Office

24. § 28d. Distribution of Precedents by Director of the Government Publishing Office for official use; particular distribution; marking and ownership of sets

25. § 28e. Distribution of Precedents by Joint Committee on Printing of surplus sets; additional printing, etc., of sets under authority of Joint Committee

26. §29 — Condensed and simplified versions of House precedents; other useful materials in summary form; form and distribution to Members of Congress, Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico, and others; appointment and compensation of personnel; utilization of services of personnel of Federal agencies

27. § 29a. Early organization of House of Representatives

28. Section 29d was editorially reclassified as section 4711 of this title .

29. § 29d. Transferred

30. §30 — Term of service of Members of Congress as trustees or directors of corporations or institutions appropriated for

31. § 30a. Jury duty exemption of elected officials of legislative branch

32. § 30b. Notice of objecting to proceeding

33. §31 — Section 31 was editorially reclassified as section 4501 of this title .

34. §31 — Transferred

35. Section 31b was editorially reclassified as section 5121 of this title .

36. § 31b. Transferred

37. §32 — Section 32 was editorially reclassified as section 6111 of this title .

38. §32 — Transferred

39. Section 32a was editorially reclassified as section 6112 of this title .

40. § 32a. Transferred

41. Section 32b was editorially reclassified as section 6115 of this title .

42. § 32b. Transferred

43. §33 — Section 33 was editorially reclassified as section 6301 of this title .

44. §33 — Transferred

45. §34 — Section 34 was editorially reclassified as section 5301 of this title .

46. §34 — Transferred

47. §35 — Section 35 was editorially reclassified as section 5302 of this title .

48. §35 — Transferred

49. Section 35a was editorially reclassified as section 5303 of this title .

50. § 35a. Transferred

51. §36 — Section 36 was editorially reclassified as section 6302 of this title .

52. §36 — Transferred

53. Section 36a was editorially reclassified as section 4592 of this title .

54. § 36a. Transferred

55. §37 — Section 37 was editorially reclassified as section 5304 of this title .

56. §37 — Transferred

57. Section 38a was editorially reclassified as section 5305 of this title .

58. § 38a. Transferred

59. §39 — Section 39 was editorially reclassified as section 5306 of this title .

60. §39 — Transferred

61. §40 — Section 40 was editorially reclassified as section 4522 of this title .

62. §40 — Transferred

63. Section 40a was editorially reclassified as section 4523 of this title .

64. § 40a. Transferred

65. Section 42a was editorially reclassified as section 6116 of this title .

66. § 42a. Transferred

67. Section 43d was editorially reclassified as section 6311 of this title .

68. § 43d. Transferred

69. Section 46a was editorially reclassified as section 6117 of this title .

70. § 46a. Transferred

71. §47 — Section 47 was editorially reclassified as section 4521 of this title .

72. §47 — Transferred

73. §48 — Section 48 was editorially reclassified as section 5307 of this title .

74. §48 — Transferred

75. §49 — Section 49 was editorially reclassified as section 5310 of this title .

76. §49 — Transferred

77. §50 — Section 50 was editorially reclassified as section 5308 of this title .

78. §50 — Transferred

79. §51 — Section 51 was editorially reclassified as section 4110 of this title .

80. §51 — Transferred

81. §54 — Section 54 was editorially reclassified as section 5345 of this title .

82. §54 — Transferred

83. §55 — Section 55 was editorially reclassified as section 6316 of this title .

84. §55 — Transferred

85. §57 — Section 57 was editorially reclassified as section 4313 of this title .

86. §57 — Transferred

87. Section 57a was editorially reclassified as section 4314 of this title .

88. § 57a. Transferred

89. Section 57b was editorially reclassified as section 5341 of this title .

90. § 57b. Transferred

91. §58 — Transferred

92. Section 58a was editorially reclassified as section 6315 of this title .

93. § 58a. Transferred

94. Section 58c was editorially reclassified as section 6313 of this title .

95. § 58c. Transferred

96. §59 — Section 59 was editorially reclassified as section 6317 of this title .

97. §59 — Transferred

98. Section 59b was editorially reclassified as section 6320 of this title .

99. § 59b. Transferred

100. § 59c. Transferred

101. Section 59d was editorially reclassified as section 5346 of this title .

102. § 59d. Transferred

103. Section 59e was editorially reclassified as section 503 of this title .

104. § 59e. Transferred

105. Section 59f was editorially reclassified as section 504 of this title .

106. § 59f. Transferred

107. Section 59g was editorially reclassified as section 505 of this title .

108. § 59g. Transferred

109. Section 59h was editorially reclassified as section 506 of this title .

110. § 59h. Transferred

111. Section 60j was editorially reclassified as section 4507 of this title .

112. § 60j. Transferred

113. Section 60k was editorially reclassified as a note under section 1313 of this title .

114. § 60k. Transferred

115. Section 60 l was editorially reclassified as a note under section 1311 of this title .

116. § 60l. Transferred

117. Section 60 o was editorially reclassified as section 4537 of this title .

118. § 60o. Transferred

119. Section 60p was editorially reclassified as section 4595 of this title .

120. § 60p. Transferred

121. Section 60q was editorially reclassified as section 4505 of this title .

122. § 60q. Transferred

123. §61 — Section 61 was editorially reclassified as section 4574 of this title .

124. §61 — Transferred

125. Section 61a was editorially reclassified as section 6531 of this title . Section 6531 of this title was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 116–94, div. E, title II, § 212(a)(3)(H) , Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 2776 .

126. § 61a. Transferred

127. Section 61b was editorially reclassified as section 6535 of this title .

128. § 61b. Transferred

129. Section 61d was editorially reclassified as section 6651 of this title . Section 6651 of this title was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 116–94, div. E, title II, § 212(a)(3)(G) , Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 2776 .

130. § 61d. Transferred

131. Section 61e was editorially reclassified as section 6591 of this title . Section 6591 of this title was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 116–94, div. E, title II, § 212(a)(3)(H) , Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 2776 .

132. § 61e. Transferred

133. Section 61g was editorially reclassified as section 6151 of this title .

134. § 61g. Transferred

135. Section 61k was editorially reclassified as section 6113 of this title .

136. § 61k. Transferred

137. Section 61 l was editorially reclassified as section 6114 of this title .

138. § 61l. Transferred

139. §62 — Section 62 was editorially reclassified as section 6592 of this title .

140. §62 — Transferred

141. § 62b. Transferred

142. Section 64a was editorially reclassified as section 6532 of this title .

143. § 64a. Transferred

144. Section 64b was editorially reclassified as section 6533 of this title .

145. § 64b. Transferred

146. Section 65a was editorially reclassified as section 6507 of this title .

147. § 65a. Transferred

148. Section 65b was editorially reclassified as section 6613 of this title .

149. § 65b. Transferred

150. Section 65c was editorially reclassified as section 6512 of this title .

151. § 65c. Transferred

152. Section 65d was editorially reclassified as section 6614 of this title .

153. § 65d. Transferred

154. § 65e. Transferred

155. Section 65f was editorially reclassified as section 6567 of this title .

156. § 65f. Transferred

157. Section 66a was editorially reclassified as section 4578 of this title .

158. § 66a. Transferred

159. §67 — Section 67 was editorially reclassified as section 6312 of this title .

160. §67 — Transferred

161. Section 67a was editorially reclassified as section 4335 of this title .

162. § 67a. Transferred

163. §68 — Section 68 was editorially reclassified as section 6503 of this title .

164. §68 — Transferred

165. Section 68a was editorially reclassified as section 6510 of this title .

166. § 68a. Transferred

167. Section 68b was editorially reclassified as section 6513 of this title .

168. § 68b. Transferred

169. Section 68c was editorially reclassified as section 4331 of this title .

170. § 68c. Transferred

171. Section 68d was editorially reclassified as section 6511 of this title .

172. § 68d. Transferred

173. Section 68e was editorially reclassified as section 6561 of this title .

174. § 68e. Transferred

175. Section 68f was editorially reclassified as section 6563 of this title .

176. § 68f. Transferred

177. §69 — Section 69 was editorially reclassified as section 4333 of this title .

178. §69 — Transferred

179. Section 69a was editorially reclassified as section 6514 of this title .

180. § 69a. Transferred

181. Section 69b was editorially reclassified as section 6578 of this title .

182. § 69b. Transferred

183. Section 72a was editorially reclassified as section 4301 of this title .

184. § 72a. Transferred

185. Section 72b was editorially reclassified as section 4312 of this title .

186. § 72b. Transferred

187. Section 72d was editorially reclassified as section 4336 of this title .

188. § 72d. Transferred

189. Section 74a was editorially reclassified as section 5101 of this title .

190. § 74a. Transferred

191. Section 74b was editorially reclassified as section 6538 of this title .

192. § 74b. Transferred

193. Section 74c was editorially reclassified as section 5143 of this title .

194. § 74c. Transferred

195. Section 74d was editorially reclassified as section 5621 of this title .

196. § 74d. Transferred

197. Section 75f was editorially reclassified as section 5502 of this title .

198. § 75f. Transferred

199. §77 — Section 77 was editorially reclassified as section 5601 of this title .

200. §77 — Transferred

201. §78 — Section 78 was editorially reclassified as section 5604 of this title .

202. §78 — Transferred

203. §79 — Section 79 was editorially reclassified as section 5603 of this title .

204. §79 — Transferred

205. §80 — Section 80 was editorially reclassified as section 5309 of this title .

206. §80 — Transferred

207. Section 80a was editorially reclassified as section 4560 of this title .

208. § 80a. Transferred

209. §83 — Section 83 was editorially reclassified as section 5602 of this title .

210. §83 — Transferred

211. Section 84a was editorially reclassified as section 5561 of this title .

212. § 84a. Transferred

213. Section 88b was editorially reclassified as section 4903 of this title .

214. § 88b. Transferred

215. §89 — Section 89 was editorially reclassified as section 4552 of this title .

216. §89 — Transferred

217. Section 89a was editorially reclassified as section 4559 of this title .

218. § 89a. Transferred

219. §92 — Section 92 was editorially reclassified as section 5321 of this title .

220. §92 — Transferred

221. Section 92a was editorially reclassified as section 5323 of this title .

222. § 92a. Transferred

223. Section 92b was editorially reclassified as section 5324 of this title .

224. § 92b. Transferred

225. Section 92c was editorially reclassified as section 5325 of this title .

226. § 92c. Transferred

227. Section 92d was editorially reclassified as section 5326 of this title .

228. § 92d. Transferred

229. Section 95a was editorially reclassified as section 5506 of this title .

230. § 95a. Transferred

231. Section 95b was editorially reclassified as section 5507 of this title .

232. § 95b. Transferred

233. Section 95c was editorially reclassified as section 5532 of this title .

234. § 95c. Transferred

235. Section 95d was editorially reclassified as section 5508 of this title .

236. § 95d. Transferred

237. Section 95e was editorially reclassified as section 5533 of this title .

238. § 95e. Transferred

239. §101 — Section 101 was editorially reclassified as section 4701 of this title .

240. §101 — Transferred

241. Section 102a was editorially reclassified as section 4107 of this title .

242. § 102a. Transferred

243. Section 104a was editorially reclassified as section 4108 of this title .

244. § 104a. Transferred

245. Section 104b was editorially reclassified as section 5535 of this title .

246. § 104b. Transferred

247. Section 104c was editorially reclassified as section 5562 of this title .

248. § 104c. Transferred

249. Section 104d was editorially reclassified as section 4702 of this title .

250. § 104d. Transferred

251. Section 104e was editorially reclassified as section 4712 of this title .

252. § 104e. Transferred

253. Section 104f was editorially reclassified as section 4728 of this title .

254. § 104f. Transferred

255. Section 104g was editorially reclassified as section 4727 of this title .

256. § 104g. Transferred

257. §105 — Section 105 was editorially reclassified as section 4303 of this title .

258. §105 — Transferred

259. §106 — Section 106 was editorially reclassified as section 6569 of this title .

260. §106 — Transferred

261. §107 — Section 107 was editorially reclassified as section 6570 of this title .

262. §107 — Transferred

263. §108 — Section 108 was editorially reclassified as section 6571 of this title .

264. §108 — Transferred

265. §109 — Section 109 was editorially reclassified as section 4104 of this title .

266. §109 — Transferred

267. §110 — Section 110 was editorially reclassified as section 4105 of this title .

268. §110 — Transferred

269. §111 — Section 111 was editorially reclassified as section 4102 of this title .

270. §111 — Transferred

271. Section 111a was editorially reclassified as section 6625 of this title .

272. § 111a. Transferred

273. Section 111b was editorially reclassified as section 4103 of this title .

274. § 111b. Transferred

275. §112 — Section 112 was editorially reclassified as section 6572 of this title .

276. §112 — Transferred

277. Section 112e was editorially reclassified as section 5536 of this title .

278. § 112e. Transferred

279. Section 112f was editorially reclassified as section 5509 of this title .

280. § 112f. Transferred

281. Section 112g was editorially reclassified as section 5537 of this title .

282. § 112g. Transferred

283. Section 112h was editorially reclassified as section 5538 of this title .

284. § 112h. Transferred

285. §113 — Section 113 was editorially reclassified as section 4109 of this title .

286. §113 — Transferred

287. §114 — Section 114 was editorially reclassified as section 6575 of this title .

288. §114 — Transferred

289. §115 — Section 115 was editorially reclassified as section 5563 of this title .

290. §115 — Transferred

291. §117 — Section 117 was editorially reclassified as section 6516 of this title .

292. §117 — Transferred

293. Section 117b was editorially reclassified as section 6630 of this title .

294. § 117b. Transferred

295. Section 117c was editorially reclassified as section 6632 of this title .

296. § 117c. Transferred

297. Section 117d was editorially reclassified as section 6626 of this title .

298. § 117d. Transferred

299. Section 117e was editorially reclassified as section 5540 of this title .

300. § 117e. Transferred

301. Section 117f was editorially reclassified as section 5539 of this title .

302. § 117f. Transferred

303. Section 117g was editorially reclassified as section 4121 of this title .

304. § 117g. Transferred

305. Section 117h was editorially reclassified as section 4122 of this title .

306. § 117h. Transferred

307. Section 117i was editorially reclassified as section 2013 of this title .

308. § 117i. Transferred

309. Section 117j was editorially reclassified as section 5541 of this title .

310. § 117j. Transferred

311. Section 117k was editorially reclassified as section 5543 of this title .

312. § 117k. Transferred

313. Section 117 l was editorially reclassified as section 5544 of this title .

314. § 117l. Transferred

315. Section 117m was editorially reclassified as section 5545 of this title .

316. § 117m. Transferred

317. §118 — Section 118 was editorially reclassified as section 5503 of this title .

318. §118 — Transferred

319. Section 118a was editorially reclassified as section 5504 of this title .

320. § 118a. Transferred

321. §119 — Section 119 was editorially reclassified as section 4106 of this title .

322. §119 — Transferred

323. §121 — Section 121 was editorially reclassified as section 2052 of this title .

324. §121 — Transferred

325. Section 121b was editorially reclassified as a note under section 6634 of this title .

326. § 121b. Transferred

327. Section 121c was editorially reclassified as section 6635 of this title .

328. § 121c. Transferred

329. Section 121d was editorially reclassified as section 6576 of this title .

330. § 121d. Transferred

331. Section 121e was editorially reclassified as section 6515 of this title .

332. § 121e. Transferred

333. Section 121f was editorially reclassified as section 2026 of this title .

334. § 121f. Transferred

335. Section 121g was editorially reclassified as section 4123 of this title .

336. § 121g. Transferred

337. Section 123b was editorially reclassified as section 4131 of this title .

338. § 123b. Transferred

339. Section 123c was editorially reclassified as section 6618 of this title .

340. § 123c. Transferred

341. Section 123d was editorially reclassified as section 6636 of this title .

342. § 123d. Transferred

343. Section 123e was editorially reclassified as section 6577 of this title .

344. § 123e. Transferred

345. §124 — Section 124 was editorially reclassified as section 5606 of this title .

346. §124 — Transferred

347. §125 — Section 125 was editorially reclassified as section 4553 of this title .

348. §125 — Transferred

349. Section 125a was editorially reclassified as section 4506 of this title . Section 38b of this title , which was identical to this section, was omitted from the Code.

350. § 125a. Transferred

351. Section 126b was editorially reclassified as section 6544 of this title .

352. § 126b. Transferred

353. Section 127a was editorially reclassified as section 5342 of this title .

354. § 127a. Transferred

355. Section 127b was editorially reclassified as section 4538 of this title .

356. § 127b. Transferred

357. Section 130a was editorially reclassified as section 4504 of this title .

358. § 130a. Transferred

359. Section 130b was editorially reclassified as section 4503 of this title .

360. § 130b. Transferred

361. Section 130c was editorially reclassified as section 4593 of this title .

362. § 130c. Transferred

363. Section 130d was editorially reclassified as section 4554 of this title .

364. § 130d. Transferred

365. Section 130e was editorially reclassified as section 2172 of this title .

366. § 130e. Transferred

367. Section 130f was editorially reclassified as section 5571 of this title .

368. § 130f. Transferred

369. Section 130g was editorially reclassified as section 6616 of this title .

370. § 130g. Transferred

371. Section 130h was editorially reclassified as section 5546 of this title .

372. § 130h. Transferred

373. Section 130j was editorially reclassified as section 5531 of this title .

374. § 130j. Transferred

375. Section 130k was editorially reclassified as section 5547 of this title .

376. § 130k. Transferred

377. Section 130 l was editorially reclassified as section 5591 of this title .

378. § 130l. Transferred

379. §131 — Collections composing Library; location

380. §132 — Departments of Library

381. § 132a. Appropriations for increase of general library

382. § 132b. Joint Committee on the Library

383. §133 — Joint Committee during recess of Congress

384. §134 — Incidental expenses of law library

385. §135 — Purchase of books for law library

386. § 135a. National library service for the blind and print disabled

387. § 135b. Local and regional centers; preference to blind and other physically handicapped veterans; rules and regulations; authorization of appropriations

388. Section 135a–1 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–94, div. P, title XIV, § 1403(b) , Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 3207 . See section 135a of this title .

389. §136 — Librarian of Congress; rules and regulations

390. § 136c. Authorized additional expenses and services for which Library of Congress salary appropriations are available

391. §137 — Use and regulation of law library

392. § 137c. Withdrawal of books from Library of Congress

393. §138 — Law library; hours kept open

394. §140 — Employees; fitness

395. §141 — Allocation of responsibilities for Library buildings and grounds

396. § 141a. Design, installation, and maintenance of security systems; transfer of responsibility

397. § 141b. Collections, physical security, control, and preservation of order and decorum within the library

398. § 142a. Office of administrative assistant and disbursing officer in Library of Congress abolished; transfer of duties to appointee of Librarian

399. Section 142 of this title , referred to in text, was omitted from the Code.

400. § 142b. Certifying officers of the Library of Congress; accountability; relief by Comptroller General

401. § 142c. Enforcement of liability of certifying officers of Library of Congress

402. § 142d. Disbursing officer of the Library of Congress; disbursements in accordance with voucher; examination of vouchers; liability

403. § 142e. Disbursing Officer of the Library of Congress; disbursements for Congressional Budget Office, accountability; financial management support to Congressional Budget Office under agreement of Librarian of Congress and Director of Congressional Budget Office; Congressional Budget Office certifying officers: voucher certifications, accountability, relief by Comptroller General

404. § 142f. Office of Technology Assessment; disbursement of funds, computation and disbursement of basic pay, and provision of financial management support by Library of Congress

405. § 142g. Copyright Royalty Tribunal; computation and disbursement of pay of Tribunal personnel by Library of Congress

406. § 142h. Biomedical Ethics Board; disbursement of funds, computation and disbursement of basic pay, and provision of financial management services and support by Library of Congress

407. § 142i. United States Capitol Preservation Commission; provision of financial management services and support by Library of Congress

408. § 142j. John C. Stennis Center for Public Service Training and Development; disbursement of funds, computation and disbursement of basic pay, and provision of financial management services and support by Library of Congress; payment for services

409. § 142k. Library of Congress disbursing office; payroll processing functions

410. § 142l. Disbursing Officer of Library of Congress; disbursements for Office of Congressional Workplace Rights; voucher certifications, accountability and relief by Comptroller General

411. §143 — Appropriations for Library Building and Grounds

412. § 143a. Disbursement of funds

413. § 143b. Payments in advance for subscriptions or other charges

414. § 143c. Use of other library funds to make payments

415. § 143d. Funds available for workers compensation payments

416. §144 — Copies of Statutes at Large

417. §145 — Copies of journals and documents

418. § 145a. Periodical binding of printed hearings of committee testimony

419. §146 — Deposit of Journals of Senate and House

420. §149 — Transfer of books to other libraries

421. § 149a. Permitting use of proceeds from disposition of surplus or obsolete personal property

422. §150 — Sale of copies of card indexes and other publications

423. §151 — Smithsonian Library

424. §152 — Care and use of Smithsonian Library

425. §153 — Control of library of House of Representatives

426. §154 — Library of Congress Trust Fund Board; members; quorum; seal; rules and regulations

427. §155 — Compensation and expenses of Library of Congress Trust Fund Board

428. §156 — Gifts, etc., to Library of Congress Trust Fund Board

429. §157 — Funds of Library of Congress Trust Fund Board; management of

430. §158 — Deposits by Library of Congress Trust Fund Board with Treasurer of United States

431. § 158a. Temporary possession of gifts of money or securities to Library of Congress; investment

432. §159 — Perpetual succession and suits by or against Library of Congress Trust Fund Board

433. §160 — Disbursement of gifts, etc., to Library

434. §160 — Section 163 of this title , referred to in text, was omitted from the Code.

435. §161 — Tax exemption of gifts, etc., to Library of Congress

436. §162 — Compensation of Library of Congress employees

437. § 162a. Gross salary of Library of Congress employees

438. § 162b. Little Scholars Child Development Center; employee compensation and personnel matters

439. Section 205(g)(1) of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1991, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), is section 205(g)(1) of Pub. L. 101–520 , which is set out as a note under section 141 of this title .

440. §164 — Index and digest of State legislation; preparation

441. § 164a. Official distribution of State legislation index and digest

442. §165 — Authorization for appropriation for biennial index

443. §166 — Congressional Research Service

444. §166 — Section 124 of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2018, referred to in subsecs. (d)(9) and (i), probably should be section 154 of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2018, Pub. L. 115–141, div. I, title I , Mar. 23, 2018 , 132 Stat. 787 . Section 154 of Pub. L. 115–141 enacted section 166a of this title , related to equal access to Congressional Research Service Reports, and amended this section. Div. I of Pub. L. 115–141 does not contain a section 124.

445. § 166a. Equal access to Congressional Research Service Reports

446. § 167i. Suspension of prohibitions against use of Library buildings and grounds

447. § 167j. Area comprising Library of Congress grounds; “buildings and grounds” defined

448. §168 — Constitution of the United States; preparation and publication of revised edition; annotations; supplements; decennial editions and supplements

449. § 168a. Printing of Constitution Annotated as Senate documents

450. § 168b. Printing and distribution of additional copies of Constitution Annotated

451. § 168c. Printing and distribution of decennial editions and supplements to Constitution Annotated

452. § 168d. Authorization of appropriations for Constitution Annotated

453. §169 — Positions in Library of Congress exempt from citizenship requirement

454. §170 — American Television and Radio Archives

455. §171 — Congressional declaration of findings and purpose as to Center for the Book

456. §172 — Definitions

457. §173 — Establishment of Center for the Book

458. §174 — Function of Center for the Book

459. §175 — Administrative provisions

460. §176 — Mass Book Deacidification Facility; operation by Librarian of Congress

461. §177 — Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry

462. § 179l. National Film Registry of Library of Congress

463. § 179m. Duties of Librarian of Congress

464. § 179n. National Film Preservation Board

465. § 179o. Responsibilities and powers of Board

466. § 179p. National Film Registry Collection of Library of Congress

467. § 179q. Seal of National Film Registry

468. § 179r. Remedies

469. § 179s. Limitations of remedies

470. § 179t. Staff of Board; experts and consultants

471. § 179u. Definitions

472. § 179v. Authorization of appropriations

473. § 179w. Effective date

474. §180 — Legislative information retrieval system

475. §181 — Program for exchange of information among legislative branch agencies

476. §182 — Cooperative Acquisitions Program Revolving Fund

477. § 182a. Revolving fund for duplication services associated with audiovisual conservation center

478. § 182b. Revolving fund for sales shop and other services

479. § 182c. Revolving fund for FEDLINK program and Federal Research program

480. § 182d. Audits by Comptroller General

481. § 182e. Library of Congress National Collection Stewardship Fund

482. §183 — Written history of the House of Representatives

483. § 183a. Oral history of the House of Representatives

484. §184 — Incorporation of digital collections into educational curricula

485. §185 — Inspector General of the Library of Congress

486. §185 — Section 406(a) (other than paragraphs (7) and (8) thereof) of title 5, referred to in subsec. (d)(1), probably should be a reference to section “406 (other than subsection (a)(7))” of title 5. Pub. L. 116–94, § 1602(a)(2) , had amended subsec. (d)(1) by substituting a reference to section “6 (other than subsection (a)(7))” of the Inspector General Act of 1978 for a reference to section “6(a) (other than paragraphs (7) and (8) thereof)” of that Act. The reference was subsequently amended by Pub. L. 117–286 to reflect the repeal of section 6 of the Act and its restatement as section 406 of title 5 , but that amendment was based on the text as it existed prior to the amendment by Pub. L. 116–94 . See 2019 and 2022 Amendment notes below.

487. §186 — Library of Congress orders under task and delivery order contracts

488. § 190d. Legislative review by standing committees of the Senate and the House of Representatives

489. Section 2(a), S. Res. 274, Ninety-sixth Congress, Nov. 14, 1979 , provided in part that this section, insofar as it relates to the Senate, is repealed. See Standing Rules of the Senate.

490. § 190f. General appropriation bills

491. Section 2(a), S. Res. 274, Ninety-sixth Congress, Nov. 14, 1979 , provided in part that this section, insofar as it relates to the Senate, is repealed. See Standing Rules of the Senate.

492. § 190g. Nonconsideration of certain private bills and resolutions

493. Section 2(a), S. Res. 274, Ninety-sixth Congress, Nov. 14, 1979 , provided in part that this section, insofar as it relates to the Senate, is repealed. See Standing Rules of the Senate.

494. § 190l. Private claims pending before Congress; taking of testimony

495. § 190m. Subpoena for taking testimony; compensation of officers and witnesses; return of depositions

496. §191 — Oaths to witnesses

497. §192 — Refusal of witness to testify or produce papers

498. §193 — Privilege of witnesses

499. §194 — Certification of failure to testify or produce; grand jury action

500. § 194a. Request by Congressional committees to officers or employees of Federal departments, agencies, etc., concerned with foreign countries or multilateral organizations for expression of views and opinions

501. §195 — Fees of witnesses in District of Columbia

502. § 195a. Restriction on payment of witness fees or travel and subsistence expenses to persons sub­penaed by Congressional committees

503. § 195b. Fees for witnesses requested to appear before Majority Policy Committee or Minority Policy Committee

504. §196 — Senate resolutions for investigations; limit of cost

505. §197 — Compensation of employees

506. §198 — Adjournment

507. §199 — Member of commission, board, etc., appointed by President pro tempore of Senate; recommendation process; applicability

508. §271 — Establishment

509. §272 — Legislative Counsel

510. §273 — Compensation

511. §274 — Staff; office equipment and supplies

512. §275 — Functions

513. §276 — Disbursement of appropriations

514. § 276a. Expenditures

515. § 276b. Travel and related expenses

516. §281 — Establishment

517. § 281a. Purpose and policy

518. § 281b. Functions

519. §282 — Legislative Counsel

520. § 282a. Staff; Deputy Legislative Counsel; delegation of functions

521. § 282b. Compensation

522. § 282c. Expenditures

523. § 282d. Official mail matter

524. § 282e. Authorization of appropriations

525. §285 — Establishment

526. § 285a. Purpose and policy

527. § 285b. Functions

528. § 285c. Law Revision Counsel

529. § 285d. Staff; Deputy Law Revision Counsel; delegation of functions

530. § 285e. Compensation

531. § 285f. Expenditures

532. § 285g. Availability of applicable accounts of House

533. §287 — Establishment

534. §287 — Section 6 of House Resolution No. 502, Apr. 20, 1977 , as enacted into permanent law by section 115 of Pub. L. 95–94 , provided that: “This resolution [this chapter] shall take effect as of March 1, 1977 , and shall continue in effect until otherwise provided by law.”

535. § 287a. Parliamentarian

536. § 287b. Staff; Deputy Parliamentarian; delegation of functions

537. § 287c. Compensation

538. § 287d. Expenditures

539. §288 — Office of Senate Legal Counsel

540. § 288a. Senate Joint Leadership Group

541. § 288b. Requirements for authorizing representation activity

542. § 288c. Defending the Senate, committee, subcommittee, member, officer, or employee of Senate

543. § 288d. Enforcement of Senate subpena or order

544. § 288e. Intervention or appearance

545. § 288f. Immunity proceedings

546. § 288g. Advisory and other functions

547. § 288h. Defense of certain constitutional powers

548. § 288i. Representation conflict or inconsistency

549. § 288j. Consideration of resolutions to direct counsel

550. § 288k. Attorney General relieved of responsibility

551. § 288l. Procedural provisions

552. § 288m. Contingent fund

553. § 288n. Travel and related expenses

554. §291 — Congressional declaration of purpose

555. §292 — Positions affected

556. §293 — Compensation schedules

557. §294 — Position standards and descriptions

558. §295 — Placement of positions in compensation schedules

559. §296 — Step increases; waiting periods; service in Armed Forces; automatic advancement

560. §297 — Appointments and reclassifications to higher compensation levels

561. §298 — Reductions in compensation level

562. §300 — Establishment of positions; payment from applicable accounts

563. §301 — Preservation of existing appointing authorities

564. §302 — Regulations

565. §303 — Dual compensation

566. §331 — Section 331 was editorially reclassified as section 4533 of this title .

567. §331 — Transferred

568. §333 — Section 333 was editorially reclassified as section 5103 of this title .

569. §333 — Transferred

570. §335 — Section 335 was editorially reclassified as section 4534 of this title .

571. §335 — Transferred

572. §336 — Section 336 was editorially reclassified as section 4535 of this title .

573. §336 — Transferred

574. §351 — Establishment

575. §352 — Membership

576. §353 — Executive Director; additional personnel; detail of personnel of other agencies

577. §354 — Use of United States mails

578. §355 — Administrative support services

579. §356 — Functions

580. §357 — Report by Commission to President with respect to pay

581. §358 — Recommendations of President with respect to pay

582. §359 — Effective date of recommendations of President

583. §360 — Effect of recommendations on existing law and prior recommendations

584. §361 — Publication of recommendations

585. §362 — Requirements applicable to recommendations

586. §363 — Additional function

587. §364 — Provision relating to certain other pay adjustments

588. §381 — Definitions

589. §382 — Notice of contest

590. §383 — Response of contestee

591. §384 — Service and filing of papers other than notice of contest

592. §385 — Default of contestee

593. §386 — Deposition

594. §387 — Notice of depositions

595. §388 — Subpena for attendance at deposition

596. §389 — Officer and witness fees

597. §390 — Penalty for failure to appear, testify, or produce documents

598. §391 — Certification and filing of depositions

599. §392 — Record

600. §393 — Filing of pleadings, motions, depositions, appendixes, briefs, and other papers

601. §394 — Computation of time

602. §395 — Death of contestant

603. §396 — Allowance of party’s expenses

604. §431 — Transferred

605. §432 — Section 432 was editorially reclassified as section 30102 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

606. §432 — Transferred

607. §433 — Section 433 was editorially reclassified as section 30103 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

608. §433 — Transferred

609. §434 — Transferred

610. §437 — Transferred

611. Section 437c was editorially reclassified as section 30106 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

612. § 437c. Transferred

613. Section 437d was editorially reclassified as section 30107 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

614. § 437d. Transferred

615. Section 437f was editorially reclassified as section 30108 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

616. § 437f. Transferred

617. Section 437g was editorially reclassified as section 30109 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

618. § 437g. Transferred

619. Section 437h was editorially reclassified as section 30110 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

620. § 437h. Transferred

621. §438 — Section 438 was editorially reclassified as section 30111 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

622. §438 — Transferred

623. Section 438a was editorially reclassified as section 30112 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

624. § 438a. Transferred

625. §439 — Section 439 was editorially reclassified as section 30113 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

626. §439 — Transferred

627. Section 439a was editorially reclassified as section 30114 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

628. § 439a. Transferred

629. Section 439c was editorially reclassified as section 30115 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

630. § 439c. Transferred

631. §441 — Repealed. Pub. L. 94–283, title I, §112(1), May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 486 Section, Pub. L. 92–225, title III, §320, formerly §311, Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 19 ; renumbered §321, Pub. L. 93–443, title II, §208(a), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1279 ; renumbered §320, Pub. L. 94–283, title I, §105, May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 481 , provided penalties of not more than $1,000 fine or not more than 1 year imprisonment, or both for violations of this subchapter.

632. Section 441a was editorially reclassified as section 30116 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

633. § 441a. Transferred

634. Section 441b was editorially reclassified as section 30118 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

635. § 441b. Transferred

636. Section 441c was editorially reclassified as section 30119 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

637. § 441c. Transferred

638. Section 441d was editorially reclassified as section 30120 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

639. § 441d. Transferred

640. Section 441e was editorially reclassified as section 30121 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

641. § 441e. Transferred

642. Section 441f was editorially reclassified as section 30122 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

643. § 441f. Transferred

644. Section 441g was editorially reclassified as section 30123 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

645. § 441g. Transferred

646. Section 441h was editorially reclassified as section 30124 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

647. § 441h. Transferred

648. Section 441i was editorially reclassified as section 30125 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

649. § 441i. Transferred

650. Section 441k was editorially reclassified as section 30126 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

651. § 441k. Transferred

652. §442 — Section 442 was editorially reclassified as section 6566 of this title .

653. §442 — Transferred

654. §451 — Section 451 was editorially reclassified as section 30141 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

655. §451 — Transferred

656. §452 — Section 452 was editorially reclassified as section 30142 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

657. §452 — Transferred

658. §453 — Section 453 was editorially reclassified as section 30143 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

659. §453 — Transferred

660. §454 — Section 454 was editorially reclassified as section 30144 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

661. §454 — Transferred

662. §455 — Section 455 was editorially reclassified as section 30145 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

663. §455 — Transferred

664. §457 — Section 457 was editorially reclassified as section 30146 of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

665. §457 — Transferred

666. §471 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

667. §472 — Office of Technology Assessment

668. §473 — Technology Assessment Board

669. §474 — Director of Office of Technology Assessment

670. §475 — Powers of Office of Technology Assessment

671. §476 — Technology Assessment Advisory Council

672. §477 — Utilization of services of Library of Congress

673. §478 — Utilization of the Government Accountability Office

674. §479 — Coordination of activities with National Science Foundation

675. §481 — Authorization of appropriations; availability of appropriations

676. §501 — House Communications Standards Commission

677. §502 — Select Committee on Standards and Conduct of the Senate

678. §503 — Official mail of persons entitled to use congressional frank

679. §504 — Mass mailings by Senate offices; quarterly statements; publication of summary tabulations

680. §505 — Mass mailing of information by Senators under frank; quarterly registration with Secretary of Senate

681. §506 — Mass mailing sent by House Members

682. §601 — Establishment

683. §601 — § 201(g) of Pub. L. 93–344

684. §602 — Duties and functions

685. §603 — Public access to budget data

686. §605 — Sale or lease of property, supplies, or services

687. §605 — Section 4103 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original a reference to section 903 of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1983, Pub. L. 98–63, title I , July 30, 1983 , 97 Stat. 336 , which is classified to section 4103 of this title and in part as a note set out under section 4103 of this title .

688. § 605a. Contracting parity

689. §606 — Disposition of surplus or obsolete property

690. §607 — Lump-sum payments for annual leave to separated employees

691. §608 — Lump-sum payments to enhance staff recruitment and to reward exceptional performance

692. §609 — Employee training

693. §610 — Repayment of student loan on behalf of employee

694. §611 — Employee development program

695. §612 — Executive exchange program

696. §613 — Establishment of senior level positions

697. §621 — Congressional declaration of purpose

698. §622 — Definitions

699. §623 — Continuing study of additional budget reform proposals

700. §631 — Timetable

701. §632 — Annual adoption of concurrent resolution on the budget

702. §633 — Committee allocations

703. §634 — Concurrent resolution on the budget must be adopted before budget-related legislation is considered

704. §635 — Permissible revisions of concurrent resolutions on the budget

705. §636 — Provisions relating to consideration of concurrent resolutions on the budget

706. §637 — Legislation dealing with Congressional budget must be handled by Budget Committees

707. §638 — House committee action on all appropriation bills to be completed by June 10

708. §639 — Reports, summaries, and projections of Congressional budget actions

709. §640 — House approval of regular appropriation bills

710. §641 — Reconciliation

711. §642 — Budget-related legislation must be within appropriate levels

712. §643 — Determinations and points of order

713. §644 — Extraneous matter in reconciliation legislation

714. §644 — § 313 of Pub. L. 93–344

715. §645 — Adjustments

716. § 645a. Effect of adoption of special order of business in House of Representatives

717. §651 — Budget-related legislation not subject to appropriations

718. §653 — Analysis by Congressional Budget Office

719. §654 — Study by Government Accountability Office of forms of Federal financial commitment not reviewed annually by Congress

720. §655 — Off-budget agencies, programs, and activities

721. §656 — Member User Group

722. §658 — Definitions

723. § 658a. Exclusions

724. § 658b. Duties of Congressional committees

725. § 658c. Duties of Director; statements on bills and joint resolutions other than appropriations bills and joint resolutions

726. § 658d. Legislation subject to point of order

727. § 658e. Provisions relating to House of Representatives

728. § 658f. Requests to Congressional Budget Office from Senators

729. § 658g. Clarification of application

730. §661 — Purposes

731. § 661a. Definitions

732. § 661b. OMB and CBO analysis, coordination, and review

733. § 661c. Budgetary treatment

734. § 661d. Authorizations

735. § 661e. Treatment of deposit insurance and agencies and other insurance programs

736. § 661f. Effect on other laws

737. §681 — Disclaimer

738. §682 — Definitions

739. §683 — Rescission of budget authority

740. §684 — Proposed deferrals of budget authority

741. §685 — Transmission of messages; publication

742. §686 — Reports by Comptroller General

743. §687 — Suits by Comptroller General

744. §688 — Procedure in House of Representatives and Senate

745. §801 — Establishment, etc., of Congressional Award Board

746. §802 — Program

747. §803 — Board organization

748. §804 — Administration

749. §805 — Regional award directors of program; appointment criteria

750. §806 — Powers, functions, and limitations

751. §807 — Audits

752. §808 — Termination

753. §831 — John Heinz Competitive Excellence Award

754. §900 — Section 1. Purpose . It is essential to guarantee that the net deficit reduction achieved by the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 [ Pub. L. 103–66 , see Tables for classification] is dedicated exclusively to reducing the deficit.

755. §900 — Statement of budget enforcement through sequestration; definitions

756. §900 — Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178 , as in effect on day before July 22, 1998 , that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206 , set out as a note under section 101 of Title 23 , Highways.

757. §901 — Enforcing discretionary spending limits

758. § 901a. Enforcement of budget goal

759. Section 401(b)(3)(B)(i)(II) of the Budget Control Act of 2011, referred to in par. (1)(B), is section 401(b)(3)(B)(i)(II) of title IV of Pub. L. 112–25 , which is set out in a note under section 900 of this title .

760. §902 — Enforcing pay-as-you-go

761. §902 — Section 906(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–139, title I, § 10(a) , Feb. 12, 2010 , 124 Stat. 21 .

762. §902 — Section 906(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–139, title I, § 10(c) , Feb. 12, 2010 , 124 Stat. 22 .

763. §903 — Enforcing deficit targets

764. §903 — Section 665 of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(1), (2)(A), (D), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–33, title X, § 10118(a) , Aug. 5, 1997 , 111 Stat. 695 .

765. §903 — Section 901(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(B), was amended by Pub. L. 105–33, title X, § 10203(a)(4) , Aug. 5, 1997 , 111 Stat. 699 ; Pub. L. 105–178, title VIII, § 8101(d) , June 9, 1998 , 112 Stat. 490 ; Pub. L. 109–59, title VIII, § 8002 , Aug. 10, 2005 , 119 Stat. 1916 ; and Pub. L. 112–25, title I, § 101 , Aug. 2, 2011 , 125 Stat. 241 , and as so amended, no longer contains par. (1)(C) or (2)(E).

766. §903 — Section 906(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–139, title I, § 10(a) , Feb. 12, 2010 , 124 Stat. 21 .

767. §903 — Section 906(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–139, title I, § 10(c) , Feb. 12, 2010 , 124 Stat. 22 .

768. §904 — Reports and orders

769. §905 — Exempt programs and activities

770. §905 — Section 410 of the Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act, referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(B), is section 410 of Pub. L. 107–42 , which is set out in a note under section 40101 of Title 49 , Transportation.

771. §906 — General and special sequestration rules

772. §906 — Section 302 of the Federal Employees Pay Comparability Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (g)(1), is section 529 [title III, § 302] of Pub. L. 101–509 , which is set out as a note under section 5304 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

773. §907 — The baseline

774. Part C of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), is classified generally to this subchapter. Section 258 of the Act is classified to this section.

775. Section 254(j) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), is section 254(j) of Pub. L. 99–177 , which was redesignated section 254(i) of that Act by Pub. L. 105–33, title X, § 10206(1) , Aug. 5, 1997 , 111 Stat. 704 , and is classified to section 904(i) of this title .

776. § 907a. Suspension in event of war or low growth

777. § 907b. Modification of Presidential order

778. § 907c. Flexibility among defense programs, projects, and activities

779. Section 258B, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), (2), means section 258B of Pub. L. 99–177 , which is classified to this section.

780. § 907d. Special reconciliation process

781. §921 — Transferred

782. §922 — Judicial review

783. §922 — Section 906(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–139, title I , §10(a), Feb. 12, 2010 , 124 Stat. 21 .

784. §931 — Purpose

785. §932 — Definitions and applications

786. §933 — PAYGO estimates and PAYGO scorecards

787. §934 — Annual report and sequestration order

788. §935 — Calculating a sequestration

789. §935 — Section 11, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), means section 11 of Pub. L. 111–139 , which amended section 905 of this title .

790. §936 — Adjustment for current policies

791. §937 — Application of BBEDCA

792. §937 — Section 275 of BBEDCA, referred to in par. (1), is section 275 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, Pub. L. 99–177 , which is set out as a note under section 900 of this title .

793. §938 — Determinations and points of order

794. §939 — Limitation on changes to the Social Security Act

795. §939 — Section 86 of part II of subchapter B of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code, referred to in subsec. (a), probably means section 86 of part II of subchapter B of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, which is classified to section 86 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

796. §1101 — Congressional findings

797. §1102 — Definitions

798. §1103 — Establishment of John C. Stennis Center for Public Service Training and Development

799. §1104 — Purposes and authority of Center

800. §1105 — John C. Stennis Center for Public Service Development Trust Fund

801. §1106 — Expenditures and audit of trust fund

802. §1107 — Executive Director of Center

803. §1108 — Administrative provisions

804. §1109 — Authorization for appropriations

805. §1110 — Appropriations

806. §1151 — Congressional Office for International Leadership

807. §1151 — Section 3011 of the 1999 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, referred to in subsec. (g), is section 3011 of Pub. L. 106–31 , which is set out as a note below.

808. §1161 — Bill Emerson National Hunger Fellows and Mickey Leland International Hunger Fellows

809. §1202 — Section 1201, Pub. L. 102–166, title III, § 301 , Nov. 21, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1088 ; Pub. L. 103–283, title III, § 312(f)(1) , July 22, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1446 ; Pub. L. 104–1, title V, § 504(a)(1) , Jan. 23, 1995 , 109 Stat. 40 , which provided for short title of chapter as the “Government Employee Rights Act of 1991”, provided purpose of chapter as establishing procedures to protect the rights of certain government employees with respect to their public employment, and defined “violation” for purposes of chapter, was transferred to section 2000e–16a of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

810. §1202 — Section 1202, Pub. L. 102–166, title III, § 302 , Nov. 21, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1088 ; Pub. L. 104–1, title V, § 504(a)(1) , Jan. 23, 1995 , 109 Stat. 40 , which prohibited certain discriminatory practices affecting State employees, and provided for remedies, was transferred to section 2000e–16b of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

811. §1202 — Transferred

812. §1220 — Transferred

813. §1301 — Definitions

814. §1302 — Application of laws

815. §1311 — Rights and protections under title VII of Civil Rights Act of 1964, Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and title I of Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

816. §1312 — Rights and protections under Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993

817. §1313 — Rights and protections under Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

818. §1314 — Rights and protections under Employee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988

819. §1315 — Rights and protections under Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act

820. §1316 — Rights and protections relating to veterans’ employment and reemployment

821. § 1316a. Legislative branch appointments

822. § 1316b. Rights and protections relating to criminal history inquiries

823. Section 1302(a)(12) of this title and subsections (a) through (c) shall take effect on the date on which section 9202 of title 5 applies with respect to agencies.

824. Section 2(b)(1) of the Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), probably means section 1122(b)(1) of Pub. L. 116–92 , which relates to regulations and is set out as a note under section 9201 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees. Section 1122 of Pub. L. 116–92 is the second section of the Fair Chance to Compete for Jobs Act of 2019, which was enacted as subtitle B of title XI of Pub. L. 116–92 .

825. §1317 — Prohibition of intimidation or reprisal

826. §1331 — Rights and protections under Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 relating to public services and accommodations; procedures for remedy of violations

827. §1341 — Rights and protections under Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970; procedures for remedy of violations

828. §1351 — Application of chapter 71 of title 5 relating to Federal service labor-management relations; procedures for remedy of violations

829. §1361 — Generally applicable remedies and limitations

830. §1362 — Notices

831. §1371 — Study and recommendations regarding General Accounting Office, Government Printing Office, and Library of Congress

832. §1381 — Establishment of Office of Congressional Workplace Rights

833. §1381 — Part A of subchapter II, referred to in subsec. ( l )(1)(A), (B)(ii)(II), (5), was in the original “part A of title II”, meaning part A (§§ 201–207) of title II of Pub. L. 104–1 , Jan. 23, 1995 , 109 Stat. 7 , which is classified principally to part A of subchapter II of this chapter. For complete classification of part A to the Code, see Tables.

834. §1382 — Officers, staff, and other personnel

835. §1382 — Part A of subchapter II, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(B), (3)(B), (4)(A), was in the original “part A of title II”, meaning part A (§§ 201–207) of title II of Pub. L. 104–1 , Jan. 23, 1995 , 109 Stat. 7 , which is classified principally to part A of subchapter II of this chapter. For complete classification of part A to the Code, see Tables.

836. §1383 — Procedural rules

837. §1384 — Substantive regulations

838. §1385 — Expenses

839. §1386 — Disposition of surplus or obsolete personal property

840. §1387 — Semiannual report of disbursements

841. §1388 — Workplace climate surveys of employing offices

842. §1401 — Part A of subchapter II, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (e), was in the original “part A of title II”, meaning part A (§§ 201–207) of title II of Pub. L. 104–1 , Jan. 23, 1995 , 109 Stat. 7 , which is classified principally to part A of subchapter II of this chapter. For complete classification of part A to the Code, see Tables.

843. §1401 — Procedure for consideration of alleged violations

844. §1401 — Section 153(c) of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2018, referred to in subsec. (d)(5), is Pub. L. 115–141, div. I, title I, § 153(c) , Mar. 23, 2018 , 132 Stat. 787 , set out as a note under section 1301 of this title .

845. §1402 — Initiation of procedures

846. §1402 — Part A of subchapter II, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), (3)(B), was in the original “part A of title II”, meaning part A (§§ 201–207) of title II of Pub. L. 104–1 , Jan. 23, 1995 , 109 Stat. 7 , which is classified principally to part A of subchapter II of this chapter. For complete classification of part A to the Code, see Tables.

847. § 1402a. Preliminary review of claims

848. §1403 — Mediation

849. §1405 — Hearing

850. §1406 — Appeal to Board

851. §1407 — Chapter 158 of title 28 shall apply to judicial review under paragraph (1) of subsection (a), except that—

852. §1407 — Judicial review of Board decisions and enforcement

853. §1408 — Civil action

854. §1409 — Judicial review of regulations

855. §1410 — Other judicial review prohibited

856. §1411 — Effect of failure to issue regulations

857. §1412 — Expedited review of certain appeals

858. §1413 — Privileges and immunities

859. §1414 — Settlement

860. §1415 — Payments

861. §1416 — Confidentiality

862. §1417 — Option to request remote work assignment or paid leave of absence during pendency of procedures

863. §1417 — Part A of subchapter II, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was in the original “part A of title II”, meaning part A (§§ 201–207) of title II of Pub. L. 104–1 , Jan. 23, 1995 , 109 Stat. 7 , which is classified principally to part A of subchapter II of this chapter. For complete classification of part A to the Code, see Tables.

864. §1431 — Exercise of rulemaking powers

865. §1432 — Political affiliation and place of residence

866. §1433 — Nondiscrimination rules of House and Senate

867. §1434 — Judicial branch coverage study

868. §1435 — Savings provisions

869. §1435 — Section 1207a of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(3), was repealed, except as provided in this section, by Pub. L. 104–1, title V, § 504(a)(5) , Jan. 23, 1995 , 109 Stat. 41 .

870. §1435 — Section 12209 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (c), was in the original a reference to section 509 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Sections 508 and 509 of the Act were renumbered sections 509 and 510, respectively, by Pub. L. 110–325, § 6(a)(2) , Sept. 25, 2008 , 122 Stat. 3558 , and are classified to sections 12208 and 12209, respectively, of title 42.

871. §1435 — Section 1831(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed, except as provided in this section, by Pub. L. 104–1, title V, § 504(c)(1) , Jan. 23, 1995 , 109 Stat. 41 .

872. §1437 — Sense of Senate regarding adoption of simplified and streamlined acquisition procedures for Senate acquisitions

873. § 1437a. Training and education programs of employing offices

874. § 1437b. Support for out-of-area covered employees

875. §1438 — Severability

876. §1501 — Purposes

877. §1502 — Definitions

878. §1503 — Exclusions

879. §1504 — Agency assistance

880. §1511 — Cost of regulations

881. §1512 — Consideration for Federal funding

882. §1513 — Impact on local governments

883. §1514 — Enforcement in House of Representatives

884. §1515 — Exercise of rulemaking powers

885. §1516 — Authorization of appropriations

886. §1531 — Regulatory process

887. §1532 — Statements to accompany significant regulatory actions

888. §1533 — Small government agency plan

889. §1534 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to actions in support of intergovernmental communications where—

890. §1534 — State, local, and tribal government input

891. §1535 — Least burdensome option or explanation required

892. §1536 — Assistance to Congressional Budget Office

893. §1537 — Pilot program on small government flexibility

894. §1538 — Annual statements to Congress on agency compliance

895. §1551 — Baseline study of costs and benefits

896. §1552 — Report on Federal mandates by Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations

897. §1553 — Special authorities of Advisory Commission

898. §1554 — Annual report to Congress regarding Federal court rulings

899. §1555 — “Federal mandate” defined

900. §1556 — Authorization of appropriations

901. §1571 — Judicial review

902. §1601 — Findings

903. §1602 — Definitions

904. §1603 — Registration of lobbyists

905. §1604 — Reports by registered lobbyists

906. §1605 — Disclosure and enforcement

907. §1606 — Penalties

908. §1607 — Rules of construction

909. §1608 — Severability

910. §1609 — Identification of clients and covered officials

911. §1610 — Estimates based on tax reporting system

912. §1611 — Exempt organizations

913. §1612 — Sense of Senate that lobbying expenses should remain nondeductible

914. §1613 — Prohibition on provision of gifts or travel by registered lobbyists to Members of Congress and to congressional employees

915. §1614 — Annual audits and reports by Comptroller General

916. §1701 — National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress

917. §1702 — Duties of Librarian of Congress

918. §1703 — Seal of the National Recording Registry

919. §1704 — National Recording Registry Collection of the Library of Congress

920. §1711 — Establishment of program by Librarian of Congress

921. §1712 — Promoting accessibility and public awareness of sound recordings

922. §1721 — Establishment

923. §1722 — Appointment of members

924. §1723 — Service of members; meetings

925. §1724 — Responsibilities of Board

926. §1725 — General powers of Board

927. §1741 — Definitions

928. §1742 — Staff; experts and consultants

929. §1743 — Authorization of appropriations

930. § 1801a. Appointment and term of service of Architect of the Capitol

931. §1802 — Compensation

932. §1803 — Delegation of authority

933. §1805 — Deputy Architect of the Capitol

934. § 1805a. Deputy Architect of the Capitol to serve as acting in case of absence, disability, or vacancy

935. §1808 — Inspector General of the Architect of the Capitol

936. §1811 — Powers and duties

937. §1812 — Care and superintendence of Capitol

938. §1813 — Exterior of Capitol

939. §1814 — Repairs of Capitol

940. §1816 — Construction contracts

941. § 1816a. Design-build contracts

942. § 1816b. Architect of the Capitol, authority for personal services contracts with legal entities

943. §1817 — Transfer of discontinued apparatus to other branches

944. § 1817a. Disposition of surplus or obsolete personal property

945. §1818 — Rental or lease of storage space

946. §1819 — Computer backup facilities for legislative offices

947. §1820 — Acquisition of real property for Capitol Police

948. §1821 — Small purchase contracting authority

949. §1822 — Leasing of space

950. §1823 — Acquisition of real property for Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate

951. § 1823a. Acquisition of real property for Library of Congress

952. §1824 — Energy and environmental measures in Capitol Complex Master Plan

953. § 1824a. Recyclable materials

954. §1826 — Easements for rights-of-way

955. §1827 — Support and maintenance during emergencies

956. §1831 — Human resources program

957. §1832 — Assignment and reassignment of personnel

958. §1833 — Lighting, heating, and ventilating House of Representatives

959. §1834 — Heating and ventilating Senate wing

960. §1835 — Interagency details

961. §1841 — Single per annum gross rates of pay

962. §1842 — Conversion of existing pay rates

963. §1843 — Obsolete references

964. §1844 — Savings provisions

965. §1845 — Effect on existing law

966. §1846 — Exemptions

967. §1846 — Section 208 of the First Supplemental Civil Functions Appropriation Act, 1941, referred to in par. (4), means section 208 of act Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 780, title II , 54 Stat. 1056 , which was classified to section 174k of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–186, title II, § 221(3)(B) , Aug. 20, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1748 .

968. §1846 — Section 3 of the Legislative Pay Act of 1929, referred to in par. (3), amended section 2 of the Classification Act of 1923, which was classified to section 662 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees. The Classification Act of 1923 was repealed and superseded by the Classification Act of 1949, Oct. 28, 1949, ch. 782 , 63 Stat. 954 , 972. The amendment of section 3 of the Legislative Pay Act of 1929 made by act Aug. 1, 1941 , § 6, 55 Stat. 615 , was not repealed by the Classification Act of 1949. See section 1202(7), 63 Stat. 973 .

969. §1847 — Authorization to fix basic rate of compensation for certain positions

970. §1848 — Compensation of certain positions in Office of Architect of the Capitol

971. §1849 — Compensation of certain positions under jurisdiction of Architect of the Capitol

972. §1850 — Compensation of registered nurses

973. §1851 — Gratuities for survivors of deceased employees

974. §1852 — Withholding and remittance of State income tax

975. §1853 — Exemption of officers and employees of Architect of Capitol from certain Federal pay provisions

976. §1853 — Section 3 of the Legislative Pay Act of 1929, as amended ( 40 Stat. 38 ; 55 Stat. 615 ), referred to in text, which was an amendment of the Classification Act of 1923 and which was classified to section 662 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was repealed by section 1202 of the Classification Act of 1949, Oct. 28, 1949, ch. 782 , 63 Stat. 972 .

977. §1854 — Overtime compensation for certain employees of Architect of Capitol

978. §1854 — Section 6102 of title 5 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 92–392, § 7(a) , Aug. 19, 1972 , 86 Stat. 573 , and reenacted as section 6101(a)(1) of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

979. §1861 — Appropriations under control of Architect of the Capitol

980. §1862 — Transfer of funds

981. § 1862a. Use of construction project funds to reimburse Capitol Police for related overtime costs

982. § 1862b. Transfer of amounts appropriated for Architect of the Capitol under House Office Buildings

983. §1863 — Funds out of Contingent Expenses, Architect of the Capitol Appropriation

984. §1864 — Funds out of Capitol Buildings, Architect of the Capitol Appropriation

985. §1865 — Capitol Police Buildings and Grounds Account

986. §1866 — Certification of vouchers

987. §1867 — Advancement and reimbursement of expenses for flying American flags and providing certification services therefor

988. §1868 — Semiannual compilation and report of expenditures

989. § 1868a. Semiannual report of disbursements

990. §1869 — Advance payments

991. §1870 — House Historic Buildings Revitalization Trust Fund

992. §1871 — Expired appropriations available for deposit into Employees’ Compensation Fund

993. §1871 — Section 1101, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 1101 of title I of div. F of Pub. L. 113—6, Mar. 26, 2013 , 127 Stat. 412 , which is not classified to the Code.

994. §1872 — Use of expired funds for unemployment compensation payments

995. §1873 — Acceptance of travel expenses from non-Federal sources

996. §1881 — Definitions

997. § 1881a. Providing Capitol-flown flags for families of fallen heroes

998. § 1881b. Regulations and procedures

999. § 1881c. Authorization of appropriations

1000. § 1881d. Effective date

1001. §1901 — Establishment; officer appointments

1002. § 1901a. Capitol Police Board

1003. § 1901b. Joint oversight hearings

1004. §1902 — Compensation of Chief

1005. §1903 — Chief Administrative Officer

1006. §1904 — Certifying officers

1007. §1905 — Deposit and use of reimbursements for law enforcement assistance

1008. § 1905a. Reimbursement for salaries paid for service at Federal Law Enforcement Training Center

1009. § 1905b. Notification of obligation

1010. §1906 — Disposal of surplus property

1011. §1907 — Transfer of disbursing function

1012. § 1907a. Authority to transfer amounts between salaries and general expenses

1013. § 1907b. Funds available for workers compensation payments

1014. §1908 — Legal representation authority

1015. §1909 — Inspector General for the United States Capitol Police

1016. §1910 — Report of disbursements

1017. §1911 — General Counsel to the Chief of Police and the United States Capitol Police

1018. §1911 — Section 2(a)(4), referred to in par. (2), means section 2(a)(4) of Pub. L. 111–145 .

1019. §1912 — Volunteer chaplain services

1020. § 1921a. Sole and exclusive authority of Board and Chief to determine rates of pay

1021. §1922 — Unified payroll administration

1022. §1923 — Unified schedules of rates of basic pay and leave system

1023. §1926 — Educational assistance program for employees

1024. §1927 — Bonuses, retention allowances, and additional compensation

1025. §1930 — Applicable pay rate upon appointment

1026. §1931 — Additional compensation for employees with specialty assignments and proficiencies

1027. §1932 — Application of premium pay limits on annualized basis

1028. §1933 — Clarification of authorities regarding certain personnel benefits

1029. §1934 — Waiver by Chief of Capitol Police of claims arising out of erroneous payments to officers and employees

1030. §1941 — Uniform

1031. §1942 — Uniform to display United States flag or colors

1032. §1944 — Wearing uniform on duty

1033. §1951 — Establishment of United States Capitol Police Memorial Fund

1034. §1952 — Payments from Fund for families of Detective Gibson and Private First Class Chestnut and certain other United States Capitol Police employees

1035. §1953 — Tax treatment of Fund

1036. §1954 — Administration by Capitol Police Board

1037. §1961 — Policing of Capitol Buildings and Grounds

1038. §1962 — Detail of police

1039. §1963 — Protection of grounds

1040. §1964 — Section 102 of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1989, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), is section 102 of Pub. L. 100–458 , title I, Oct. 1, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2165 , which is not classified to the Code.

1041. §1964 — Security systems for Capitol buildings and grounds

1042. §1965 — Maintenance of security systems for Capitol buildings and grounds

1043. § 1965a. Prohibition on use of funds for installation of permanent fencing on Capitol Grounds

1044. §1966 — Protection of Members of Congress, officers of Congress, and members of their families

1045. § 1966a. Protection of former Speakers of the House of Representatives

1046. §1967 — Law enforcement authority

1047. §1968 — Citation release

1048. §1969 — Regulation of traffic by Capitol Police Board

1049. §1970 — Assistance by Executive departments and agencies

1050. §1971 — Contributions of meals and refreshments during emergency duty

1051. §1972 — Contributions of comfort and other incidental items and services during emergency duty

1052. §1973 — Support and maintenance expenditures during emergency duty

1053. §1974 — Capitol Police special officers

1054. §1975 — Overseas travel

1055. § 1975a. Overseas travel to accompany members of House leadership

1056. §1976 — Acceptance of donations of animals

1057. §1977 — Settlement and payment of tort claims

1058. §1978 — Deployment outside of jurisdiction

1059. §1979 — Release of security information

1060. §1980 — Mounted horse unit

1061. §1981 — Advance payments

1062. §1982 — Acceptance of surplus or obsolete property

1063. §2001 — House Office Building; control, supervision, and care

1064. §2002 — Acquisition of buildings and facilities for use in emergency situation

1065. §2003 — Speaker as member of House Office Building commission

1066. §2004 — Assignment of rooms in House Office Building

1067. §2005 — Vacant rooms; assignment to Representatives

1068. §2006 — Withdrawal by Representative of request for vacant rooms

1069. §2007 — Exchange of rooms

1070. §2008 — Record of assignment of rooms

1071. §2009 — Assignment of rooms to Commissioner from Puerto Rico

1072. §2009 — Section 2106 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees, provides that the term “Members of Congress” shall include the “Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico.”

1073. §2010 — Assignment of rooms; control of by House

1074. §2011 — Assignment of unoccupied space

1075. §2012 — Furniture for House of Representatives

1076. §2013 — Revolving fund for House gymnasium; deposit of receipts; availability for expenditure

1077. §2021 — Additional Senate office building

1078. §2022 — Acquisition of buildings and facilities for use in emergency situation

1079. §2023 — Control, care, and supervision of Senate Office Building

1080. §2024 — Assignment of space in Senate Office Building

1081. §2025 — Senate Garage

1082. §2025 — Title I of S. 2939, Ninety-seventh Congress, 2d Session, as reported Sept. 22, 1982 , and incorporated by reference in Pub. L. 97–276, § 101(e) , Oct. 2, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1189 , to be effective as if enacted into law, provided in part: “That appropriations under this head [senate office buildings] shall hereafter be available for maintenance, alternations [alterations], personal and other services, and for all other necessary expenses of the Senate Garage as authorized by the paragraph beginning ‘Capitol Garages’ under the general heading ‘ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL’ in the first section of the Act entitled ‘An Act making appropriations for the Legislative Branch of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1933 , and for other purposes’, approved June 30, 1933 [1932] ( 40 U.S.C. 185a ) [now this section] and Public Law 96–444 [amending this section and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 185a of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works].”

1083. §2026 — Senate Staff Health and Fitness Facility Revolving Fund

1084. §2041 — House of Representatives restaurant, cafeteria, and food services

1085. §2041 — Section 208 of the First Supplemental Civil Functions Appropriation Act, 1941, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (c), means section 208 of act Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 780, title II , 54 Stat. 1056 , which was classified to section 174k of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–186, title II, § 221(3)(B) , Aug. 20, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1748 .

1086. §2042 — Senate Restaurants; management by Architect of the Capitol

1087. §2043 — Authorization and direction to effectuate purposes of sections 2042 to 2047 of this title

1088. §2044 — Special deposit account

1089. §2045 — Deposits and disbursements under special deposit account

1090. §2046 — Bond of Architect, Assistant Architect, and other employees

1091. §2047 — Supersedure of prior provisions for maintenance and operation of Senate Restaurants

1092. §2049 — Loans for Senate Restaurants

1093. §2050 — Transfer of appropriations for management personnel and miscellaneous restaurant expenses to special deposit account

1094. §2051 — Continued benefits for certain Senate Restaurants employees

1095. §2051 — Section 2048 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A)(iii), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–279, § 1(c)(4)(C) , July 17, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2606 .

1096. §2052 — Senate restaurant deficit fund; deposit of proceeds from surcharge on orders

1097. §2061 — Designation of play areas on Capitol grounds for children attending day care center

1098. §2062 — House of Representatives Child Care Center

1099. §2063 — Senate Employee Child Care Center

1100. §2064 — Senate Employee Child Care Center employee benefits

1101. §2065 — Reimbursement of Senate day care center employees

1102. §2081 — United States Capitol Preservation Commission

1103. §2082 — Authority of Commission to accept gifts and conduct other transactions relating to works of fine art and other property

1104. §2083 — Capitol Preservation Fund

1105. §2084 — Audits by the Comptroller General

1106. §2085 — Advisory boards

1107. §2086 — Definition

1108. §2101 — Senate Commission on Art

1109. §2102 — Duties of Commission

1110. §2103 — Supervision and maintenance of Old Senate Chamber

1111. §2104 — Publication of list of works of art, historical objects, and exhibits

1112. §2105 — Authorization of appropriations

1113. §2107 — Conservation, restoration, replication, or replacement of items in United States Senate Collection

1114. §2108 — Provisions relating to Senate Commission on Art

1115. §2121 — House of Representatives Fine Arts Board

1116. §2122 — Acceptance of gifts on behalf of the House of Representatives

1117. §2131 — National Statuary Hall

1118. §2131 — Section 2 of act July 2, 1864 , gave the supervision and direction of the National Statuary Hall to the Commissioner of Public Buildings.

1119. § 2131a. Eligibility for placement of statues in National Statuary Hall

1120. §2132 — Replacement of statue in Statuary Hall

1121. §2133 — Acceptance and supervision of works of fine arts

1122. §2134 — Art exhibits

1123. §2135 — Private studios and works of art

1124. §2141 — Supervision of Botanic Garden

1125. §2142 — Superintendent of Botanic Garden and greenhouses

1126. §2143 — Utilization of personnel by Architect of the Capitol for maintenance and operation of Botanic Garden

1127. §2144 — Disbursement of appropriations for Botanic Garden

1128. §2145 — Restriction on use of appropriation for Botanic Garden

1129. §2146 — National Garden

1130. §2147 — Plant material exchanges

1131. §2148 — Administration of educational outreach and services

1132. §2161 — Section 2161 was editorially reclassified as section 4902 of this title .

1133. §2161 — Transferred

1134. §2162 — Capitol Power Plant

1135. § 2162a. Promoting maximum efficiency in operation of Capitol Power Plant

1136. §2163 — Capitol Grounds shuttle service

1137. §2164 — Transportation of House Pages by Capitol Grounds shuttle service

1138. §2167 — Congressional Award Youth Park

1139. §2168 — Memorandum of understanding for provision of services of the United States Capitol telephone exchange for the House

1140. §2169 — Capitol complex E–85 refueling station

1141. §2170 — Battery recharging stations for privately owned vehicles in parking areas under the jurisdiction of the Senate at no net cost to the Federal Government

1142. §2171 — Battery recharging stations for privately owned vehicles in parking areas under the jurisdiction of the House of Representatives at no net cost to the Federal Government

1143. § 2171a. Battery recharging stations for privately owned vehicles in parking areas under the jurisdiction of the Librarian of Congress at no net cost to the Federal Government

1144. §2172 — Office of Congressional Accessibility Services

1145. §2181 — Assignment of space for meetings of joint committees, conference committees, etc.

1146. §2182 — Use of space formerly occupied by Library of Congress

1147. §2183 — Protection of buildings and property

1148. §2184 — Purchase of furniture or carpets for House or Senate

1149. §2185 — Estimates for improvements in grounds

1150. §2186 — Square 580 landscape maintenance

1151. §2201 — Designation of facility as Capitol Visitor Center; purposes of facility; treatment of the Capitol Visitor Center

1152. §2202 — Designation and naming within the Capitol Visitor Center

1153. §2203 — Use of the Emancipation Hall of the Capitol Visitor Center

1154. §2211 — Establishment

1155. §2212 — Appointment and supervision of Chief Executive Officer for Visitor Services

1156. §2212 — Section 1806 of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–437, title II, § 202(e)(2) , Oct. 20, 2008 , 122 Stat. 4987 .

1157. §2213 — General duties of Chief Executive Officer

1158. §2214 — Assistant to the Chief Executive Officer

1159. §2214 — Section 1807 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–437, title II, § 204(b)(2) , Oct. 20, 2008 , 122 Stat. 4988 .

1160. §2215 — Gift Shop

1161. §2215 — Section 5104(c) of title 40 shall not apply to any activity carried out under this section.

1162. §2216 — Food service operations

1163. §2216 — Section 5104(c) of title 40 shall not apply to any activity carried out under this section.

1164. §2231 — Establishment and accounts

1165. §2232 — Deposits in the Fund

1166. §2233 — Use of monies

1167. §2234 — Administration of Fund

1168. §2241 — Section 2166 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–437, title IV, § 422(a) , Oct. 20, 2008 , 122 Stat. 4996 .

1169. §2241 — Transfer of Capitol Guide Service

1170. §2242 — Duties of employees of Capitol Guide Service

1171. §2251 — Office of Congressional Accessibility Services

1172. §2252 — Transfer from Capitol Guide Service

1173. §2261 — Transfer date

1174. §2271 — Jurisdictions unaffected

1175. §2272 — Acceptance of volunteer services

1176. §2273 — Coins treated as gifts

1177. §2281 — Authorization of appropriations

1178. §4101 — Authority of officers of Congress over Congressional employees

1179. §4102 — Purchase of supplies for Senate and House

1180. §4103 — Contracts to furnish property, supplies, or services to Congress; terms varying from those offered other entities of Federal Government

1181. §4104 — American goods to be preferred in purchases for Senate and House

1182. §4105 — Purchase of paper, envelopes, etc., for stationery rooms of Senate and House

1183. §4106 — Stationery rooms of House and Senate; specification of classes of articles purchasable

1184. §4107 — Withdrawal of unexpended balances of appropriations

1185. §4108 — Section 102 of this title , referred to in par. (1), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–186, title II, § 204(52) , Aug. 20, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1737 .

1186. §4108 — Semiannual statements of expenditures by Secretary of Senate and Chief Administrative Officer of House

1187. §4109 — Detailed reports of receipts and expenditures by Secretary of Senate and Chief Administrative Officer of House

1188. §4110 — Monuments to deceased Senators or House Members

1189. §4111 — Annual report by Comptroller General of the United States on cybersecurity and surveillance threats to Congress

1190. §4112 — Requirement for information sharing agreements

1191. §4112 — Section 5171 of this division, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), probably should be a reference to section 7143(b)(1) of div. G of Pub. L. 117–263 , which added section 650 of Title 6 , Domestic Security.

1192. §4121 — Monies received by Attending Physician from sale of prescription drugs or other sources; deposit of receipts

1193. §4122 — Deposit of fees for services by Office of Attending Physician; availability of amounts deposited

1194. §4123 — Authority of Attending Physician in response to medical contingencies or public health emergencies at Capitol

1195. §4131 — House Recording Studio; Senate Recording Studio and Senate Photographic Studio

1196. §4132 — Senate Recording Studio and Senate Photographic Studio as successors to Senate Recording and Photographic Studios; rules, regulations, and fees for photographs and photographic services

1197. §4301 — Committee staffs

1198. §4301 — Section 2(a) of S. Res. 274, Ninety-sixth Congress, Nov. 14, 1979 , provided in part that, until otherwise provided by law or resolution of the Senate, the provisions of subsections (a) through (h) of this section shall not apply to committees of the Senate.

1199. §4301 — Section 2(d) of Senate Resolution 281, Ninety-sixth Congress, approved March 11, 1980 , provided that effective February 28, 1981 , the additional clerical staff positions established by subsection (g) of this section (as in effect for committees of the Senate prior to November 14, 1979 ) are abolished.

1200. §4302 — Maximum annual rate of compensation of Chief of Staff of Joint Committee on Taxation

1201. §4303 — Preparation and contents of statement of appropriations

1202. §4311 — Approval of employment and compensation of committee employees by House standing committees

1203. §4312 — Regulations governing availability of appropriations for House committee employees

1204. §4313 — Adjustment of House of Representatives allowances by Committee on House Oversight

1205. §4314 — Limitation on allowance authority of Committee on House Oversight

1206. §4315 — Overtime pay for FBI employees detailed to House Committee on Appropriations

1207. §4316 — Allowances for compensation of interns in House committee offices

1208. §4316 — Section 5321(b) of this title shall apply with respect to an intern who is compensated under an allowance under this section in the same manner as such section applies with respect to an intern who is compensated under the Members’ Representational Allowance.

1209. §4331 — Computation of compensation for stenographic assistance of committees payable from Senate contingent fund

1210. §4332 — Assistance to Senators with committee memberships by employees in office of Senator

1211. §4332 — Section 705(c)(1) of Senate Resolution 4, 95th Congress, referred to in par. (2), which was not classified to the Code, was repealed by Pub. L. 95–94, title I, § 111(e)(2) , Aug. 5, 1977 , 91 Stat. 663 .

1212. §4332 — Section 72a–1d(c)(1) of this title , referred to in par. (2), was repealed by Pub. L. 95–94, title I, § 111(e)(1) , Aug. 5, 1977 , 91 Stat. 663 .

1213. §4333 — Expenses of committees payable from Senate contingent fund

1214. §4334 — Availability of funds for franked mail expenses

1215. §4335 — Employment of civilian employees of executive branch of Government by Senate Committee on Appropriations; restoration to former position

1216. §4336 — Discretionary authority of Senate Committee on Appropriations

1217. §4337 — Transfer of funds by Chairman of Senate Committee on Appropriations

1218. §4338 — Designation by Senator who is Chairman or Vice Chairman of Senate Select Committee on Ethics of employee in office of that Senator to perform part-time service for Committee; amount reimbursable; procedure applicable

1219. §4501 — Compensation of Members of Congress

1220. §4501 — Section 704(a)(1) of the Ethics Reform Act of 1989, referred to in par. (2)(A), is section 704(a)(1) of Pub. L. 101–194 , which is set out as a note under section 5318 of Title 5 .

1221. §4502 — Appropriation of funds for compensation of Members of Congress and for administrative expenses at levels authorized by law and recommended by the President for Federal employees

1222. §4503 — Jury and witness service by Senate and House employees

1223. §4504 — Nonpay status for Congressional employees studying under Congressional staff fellowships

1224. §4505 — Voluntary separation incentive payments

1225. §4506 — Death gratuity payments as gifts

1226. §4507 — Longevity compensation

1227. §4507 — Section 2166 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(3), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–437, title IV, § 422(a) , Oct. 20, 2008 , 122 Stat. 4996 .

1228. §4508 — Longevity compensation for telephone operators on United States telephone exchange and members of Capitol Police paid by Chief Administrative Officer of House

1229. §4508 — Section 4507 of this title , referred to in text, not to apply, on or after Oct. 1, 1983 , to any individual whose pay is disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate except for individuals entitled to longevity compensation prior to Oct. 1, 1983 , on the basis of service performed prior to such date, see section 4509 of this title .

1230. §4509 — Longevity compensation not applicable to individuals paid by Secretary of Senate; savings provision

1231. §4509 — Section 4507 of this title on or after October 1, 1983 shall not apply to any individual whose pay is disbursed by the Secretary of the Senate; except that, any individual who prior to such date was entitled to longevity compensation under such section on the basis of service performed prior to such date shall continue to be entitled to such compensation, but no individual shall accrue any longevity compensation on the basis of service performed on or after such date.

1232. §4521 — Mode of payment

1233. §4522 — Deductions for withdrawal

1234. §4523 — Deductions for delinquent indebtedness

1235. §4524 — Withholding of charitable contributions from salaries paid by Secretary of Senate and from employees of Architect of Capitol

1236. §4531 — House of Representatives pay adjustments; action by Chief Administrative Officer of House

1237. §4532 — Rates of compensation disbursed by Chief Administrative Officer of House; adjustments by Speaker; “Member of the House of Representatives” defined

1238. §4532 — SEC. 1. (a) The annual rate of pay for the Clerk, the Sergeant-at-Arms, the Chief Administrative Officer, the Chaplain, the General Counsel to the House, the Inspector General, the Director of Interparliamentary Affairs, the Attending Physician, and one additional position in the Office of the Sergeant at Arms with duties related to emergency preparedness, planning and operations shall be equal to the annual rate of basic pay for level II of the Executive Schedule under section 5313 of title 5 , United States Code, including any adjustment to such rate after the date of this Order.

1239. §4532 — SEC. 2. (a) The maximum annual rate of pay for any employee whose pay is disbursed by the Chief Administrative Officer and is not otherwise provided for in this Order or otherwise limited by law, rule, or regulation, shall be equal to the annual rate of basic pay for level II of the Executive Schedule under section 5313 of title 5 , United States Code, including any adjustment to such rate after the date of this Order.

1240. §4532 — SEC. 3. An employee who, under applicable rules and regulations, is paid from two (2) or more House sources may receive pay totaling the highest limitation applicable to any of the positions the employee occupies.

1241. §4532 — SEC. 4. This Order shall be effective January 1, 2025 , and each provision herein shall continue in place until such time as it is superseded by the issuance of a future Order.

1242. §4533 — Single per annum gross rates of pay for employees

1243. §4534 — Obsolete references in existing law to basic pay rates

1244. §4534 — Section 334 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 104–186, title II, § 210(3)(A) , Aug. 20, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1743 .

1245. §4535 — Saving provision

1246. §4536 — Student loan repayment program for House employees

1247. §4537 — Lump sum payment for accrued annual leave of House employees

1248. §4538 — Reimbursement of residential telecommunications expenses for House Members, officers, and employees

1249. §4551 — Day for paying salaries of the House of Representatives

1250. §4552 — Certificates to pay rolls of employees of House

1251. §4553 — Gratuities for survivors of deceased House employees; computation

1252. §4554 — Waiver by Speaker of House of claims of United States arising out of erroneous payments to officers or employees paid by Chief Administrative Officer of House

1253. §4555 — Withholding of State income tax by Chief Administrative Officer of House

1254. §4556 — State income tax withholding; definitions

1255. §4557 — Withholding of charitable contributions by Chief Administrative Officer of House

1256. §4558 — Withholding of charitable contributions; definitions

1257. §4559 — Certification of indebtedness of employees of House; withholding of amount

1258. §4560 — Deductions by Chief Administrative Officer in disbursement of gratuity appropriations

1259. §4571 — Section 1. For purposes of this Order—

1260. §4571 — Section 3(c) of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 3(c) of Pub. L. 91–656 , which is set out as a note under section 5303 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

1261. §4571 — Senate pay adjustments; action by President pro tempore of Senate

1262. §4572 — Rates of compensation paid by Secretary of Senate; applicability of Senate pay adjustments by President pro tempore of Senate

1263. §4573 — Senate pay adjustments; action by President pro tempore of Senate

1264. §4574 — Limit on rate of compensation of Senate officers and employees

1265. §4575 — Gross rate of compensation of employees paid by Secretary of Senate

1266. § 4575a. Change in maximum rates of pay for statutory employees

1267. §4576 — Availability of appropriated funds for payment to an individual of pay from more than one position; conditions

1268. §4577 — Availability of appropriations during first three months of any fiscal year for aggregate of payments of gross compensation made to employees from Senate appropriation account for “Salaries, Officers and Employees”

1269. §4578 — Restriction on payment of dual compensation by Secretary of Senate

1270. §4579 — Section 4108 of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(2), was in the original “section 105(a) of the Legislative Branch Act, 1965”, and was translated as reading “section 105(a) of the Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 1965”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1271. §4579 — Section 6568(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(4)(A), was in the original “section 104(c) of the Legislative Appropriation Act, 1977”, and was translated as reading “section 104(c) of the Legislative Branch Appropriation Act, 1977”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1272. §4579 — Student loan repayment program for Senate employees

1273. §4580 — Lump sum payment for accrued annual leave of Senate employees

1274. §4581 — Aggregate gross compensation of employee of Senator of State with population under 5,000,000

1275. §4591 — Vice President, Senators, officers, and employees paid by Secretary of Senate; payment of salary; advance payment

1276. §4592 — Payment of sums due deceased Senators and Senate personnel

1277. §4592 — Section 50 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was classified to section 38 of this title and was repealed by Pub. L. 104–186, title II, § 203(4) , Aug. 20, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1725 . See section 5305 of this title .

1278. §4593 — Waiver by Secretary of Senate of claims of United States arising out of erroneous payments to Vice President, Senator, or Senate employee paid by Secretary of Senate

1279. §4594 — Withholding and remittance of State income tax by Secretary of Senate

1280. §4595 — Payment for unaccrued leave

1281. §4701 — Subletting duties of employees of Senate or House

1282. §4702 — Notification of post-employment restrictions for Members of Congress and employees

1283. §4711 — Committee on Standards of Official Conduct of House of Representatives

1284. §4712 — Posting of travel and financial disclosure reports on public website of Clerk of the House of Representatives

1285. §4713 — Reporting payments made to witnesses before Committee on Standards of Official Conduct

1286. §4721 — Referral of ethics violations by Senate Ethics Committee to Government Accountability Office for investigation

1287. §4722 — Mandatory Senate ethics training for Members and staff

1288. §4723 — Annual report by Select Committee on Ethics

1289. §4724 — Amendment to Senate conflict of interest rule

1290. §4725 — Gifts and travel

1291. §4726 — Guidelines relating to restrictions on registered lobbyist participation in travel and disclosure

1292. §4727 — Senate privately paid travel public website

1293. §4728 — Notification of post-employment restrictions for Senators and employees

1294. §4901 — Congressional pages

1295. §4902 — John W. McCormack Residential Page School

1296. §4903 — Education of other minors who are Senate employees

1297. §4911 — House of Representatives Page Board; establishment and purpose

1298. §4912 — Membership of Page Board

1299. §4913 — Regulations of Page Board

1300. §4914 — Academic year and summer term for page program

1301. §4914 — Section 5 of House Resolution No. 234, Ninety-eighth Congress, June 29, 1983 , as enacted into permanent law by Pub. L. 98–367, title I, § 103 , July 17, 1984 , 98 Stat. 479 , provided that: “This resolution [enacting this section, sections 4915 and 4916, and former section 88c–1 of this title ] shall take effect on the date on which this resolution is agreed to [ June 29, 1983 ], except that section 3(a)(1)(A) and section 3(b)(2) [section 4915(a)(1)(A), (b)(2) of this title] shall apply to terms beginning after November 30, 1983 .”

1302. §4915 — Service of page during academic year and summer term; filling of vacancies; eligibility

1303. §4916 — Definitions

1304. §4917 — Page residence hall and page meal plan

1305. §4931 — Daniel Webster Senate Page Residence Revolving Fund

1306. §5101 — Employment of administrative assistants for Speaker and House Majority and Minority Leaders; compensation; appropriations

1307. §5101 — Section 207(c) of House Resolution 988, Ninety-third Congress, Oct. 8, 1974 , provided for the compensation of the administrative assistants referred to in House Resolution 1015, Ninetieth Congress, Jan. 15, 1968 , at a rate not in excess of the minimum rate of pay in effect for one pay level above that of employees (referred to in clause 6(a)(1) of Rule XI) to whom clause 6(c) of Rule XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives applied.

1308. §5102 — Appointment of consultants by Speaker, Majority Leader, and Minority Leader of House; compensation

1309. §5103 — Single per annum gross rates of allowances for personal services in offices of Speaker, Leaders, and Whips

1310. §5104 — Authority of Speaker and Minority Leader to allocate funds among certain House leadership offices

1311. §5105 — Transfer of appropriations by House Leadership Offices

1312. §5106 — Allowance for compensation of interns in House leadership offices

1313. §5106 — Section 5321(b) of this title shall apply with respect to an intern who is compensated under the allowance under this section in the same manner as such section applies with respect to an intern who is compensated under the Members’ Representational Allowance.

1314. §5121 — Expense allowance of Speaker of House of Representatives

1315. §5122 — Personal services in office of Speaker; payments

1316. §5123 — Speaker’s Office for Legislative Floor Activities

1317. §5124 — Lump sum allowance for Speaker

1318. §5141 — Additional employees in offices of House Minority Leader, Majority Whip, and Chief Deputy Majority Whip; authorization; compensation

1319. §5141 — Section 3(a) of House Resolution No. 113, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Mar. 10, 1995 , as enacted into permanent law by Pub. L. 104–53, title I, § 103 , Nov. 19, 1995 , 109 Stat. 520 , provided that: “Upon the enactment of this section into permanent law, the amendment made by subsection (b) [amending this section] shall take effect.”

1320. §5142 — Additional amounts for personnel and equipment for House Majority and Minority Leaders and Majority and Minority Whips

1321. §5143 — Compensation of certain House minority employees

1322. §5144 — Lump-sum allowances for House Minority Leader and Majority Whip

1323. §5145 — Lump-sum allowances for House Majority Floor Leader, Minority Floor Leader, Majority Whip, and Minority Whip

1324. §5146 — Lump-sum allowances for House Majority Whip and Minority Whip

1325. §5161 — Training and program development activities of Republican Conference and Democratic Steering and Policy Committee

1326. §5162 — Republican Policy Committee

1327. §5301 — Representatives’ and Delegates’ salaries payable monthly

1328. §5302 — Salaries payable monthly after taking oath

1329. §5303 — End-of-the-month salary payment schedule inapplicable to Senators

1330. §5303 — Section 5302 of this title shall not be construed as being applicable to a Senator.

1331. §5304 — Salaries of Representatives, Delegates, and Resident Commissioners elected for unexpired terms

1332. §5305 — Disposition of unpaid salary and other sums on death of Representative or Resident Commissioner

1333. §5306 — Deductions for absence

1334. §5307 — Certification of salary and mileage accounts

1335. §5308 — Section 5307 of this title , referred to in text, was in the original “section forty-seven of the Revised Statutes”, which initially enacted part of section 48 of this title and was subsequently reclassified as section 5307 of this title . See Codification notes under sections 48 and 5307 of this title.

1336. §5308 — Substitute to sign certificates for salary and accounts

1337. §5309 — Disbursement of compensation of House Members by Chief Administrative Officer

1338. §5310 — Certificate of salary during recess

1339. §5321 — Employees of Members of House of Representatives

1340. §5322 — Lyndon Baines Johnson congressional interns

1341. §5322 — Section 3 of House Resolution No. 420, Ninety-third Congress, as enacted into permanent law by Pub. L. 93–245 , ch. VI, Jan. 3, 1974 , 87 Stat. 1079 , provided that: “The provisions of this resolution [enacting this section and repealing House Resolution No. 416, Eighty-ninth Congress, formerly classified to section 60g–2 of this title ] shall become effective on January 1, 1974 .”

1342. § 5322a. Allowance for compensation of interns in member offices

1343. Section 5321(b) of this title shall apply with respect to an intern who is compensated under the allowance under this section in the same manner as such section applies with respect to an intern who is compensated under the Members’ Representational Allowance.

1344. §5323 — Pay of clerical assistants as affected by death of Senator or Representative

1345. §5324 — Pay of clerical assistants as affected by death or resignation of Member of House

1346. §5325 — Performance of duties by clerical assistants of dead or resigned Member of House

1347. §5326 — “Member of the House” defined

1348. §5327 — Termination of service of Members of House

1349. §5328 — Authority to prescribe regulations

1350. §5329 — Vouchers

1351. §5341 — Representational allowance for Members of House of Representatives

1352. §5342 — Reimbursement of transportation expenses for employees in office of House Member

1353. §5343 — Staff expenses for House Members attending organizational caucus or conference

1354. §5344 — Payments and reimbursements for certain House staff expenses

1355. §5345 — Annotated United States Code for Members of House of Representatives to be paid for from Members’ Representational Allowance

1356. §5346 — Transportation of official records and papers to House Member’s district

1357. §5347 — Delivery of bills and resolutions

1358. §5348 — Delivery of Congressional Record

1359. §5349 — Limitation on printed copies of U.S. Code to House

1360. §5350 — Delivery of reports of disbursements

1361. §5351 — Delivery of Daily Calendar

1362. §5352 — Delivery of Congressional Pictorial Directory

1363. §5501 — Temporary appointments in case of vacancies or incapacity of House officers; compensation

1364. §5502 — House emergency operations positions

1365. §5503 — Actions against officers for official acts

1366. §5504 — Officers of Senate

1367. §5504 — Section 5503 of this title shall not apply to officers of the Senate.

1368. §5505 — Payments from applicable accounts of House of Representatives

1369. §5506 — Appropriations for expenses of House; restrictions

1370. §5507 — Transfers of amounts appropriated for House

1371. §5508 — Account in House of Representatives for Employees’ Compensation Fund

1372. §5509 — Incidental use of equipment and supplies

1373. §5510 — Providing assistance to House of Representatives in response to cybersecurity events

1374. §5510 — Section 113 of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2017, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 113 of title I of div. I of Pub. L. 115–31 , May 5, 2017 , 131 Stat. 576 , which is not classified to the Code.

1375. §5511 — Transfer of funds

1376. §5512 — Use of available balances of expired appropriations

1377. §5513 — House of Representatives Modernization Initiatives Account

1378. §5514 — Green and Gold Congressional Aide Program

1379. §5521 — Compensation of Chaplain of House

1380. §5531 — Program to increase employment opportunities in House of Representatives for individuals with disabilities

1381. §5532 — Advance payments

1382. §5533 — House of Representatives Revolving Fund

1383. §5534 — House revolving fund for stationery allowances; disposition of moneys from stationery sales; availability of unexpended balances

1384. §5535 — Report of disbursements for House of Representatives

1385. §5535 — Section 102 of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–186, title II, § 204(52) , Aug. 20, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1737 .

1386. §5536 — Office equipment for House Members, officers, and committees

1387. §5537 — Net Expenses of Equipment Revolving Fund

1388. §5537 — Section 5538 of this title , referred to in subsec. (e), was in the original “section 103 of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2005” and was translated as reading “section 102” of that Act, meaning section 102 of div. G of Pub. L. 108–447 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because section 103 of div. G of Pub. L. 108–447 does not relate to the Net Expenses of Telecommunications Revolving Fund.

1389. §5538 — Net Expenses of Telecommunications Revolving Fund

1390. §5539 — Commissions and charges for public telephone or telecommunications services; deposit of receipts

1391. §5540 — Disposal of used or surplus furniture and equipment by Chief Administrative Officer of House; procedure; deposit of receipts

1392. §5540 — Section 104(c) of title I of H.R. 5203 (see House Report 99–805 as filed in the House on Aug. 15, 1986 ), as incorporated by reference in Pub. L. 99–500, § 101(j) , Oct. 18, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1783–287 , and Pub. L. 99–591, § 101(j) , Oct. 30, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3341–287 , as amended by Pub. L. 100–71, title I , July 11, 1987 , 101 Stat. 425 , to be effective as if enacted into law, provided that: “This section and the amendment made by this section [enacting section 5540 of this title and amending section 84b of this title ] shall take effect on October 1, 1986 .”

1393. §5541 — Fees for internal delivery in House of Representatives of nonpostage mail from outside sources

1394. §5542 — Regulations for safe handling of mail matter

1395. §5543 — Rebates under Government Travel Charge Card Program

1396. §5544 — Deposit of House Information Resources reimbursements for services

1397. §5545 — House Services Revolving Fund

1398. §5545 — Section 103(a), referred to in subsec. (a)(5), means section 103(a) of Pub. L. 108–447 , div. G, title I, Dec. 8, 2004 , 118 Stat. 3174 , which is not classified to the Code.

1399. §5545 — Section 208 of the First Supplemental Civil Functions Appropriation Act, 1941, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(C), means section 208 of act Oct. 9, 1940, ch. 780, title II , 54 Stat. 1056 , which was classified to section 174k of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–186, title II, § 221(3)(B) , Aug. 20, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1748 .

1400. §5546 — Support services for House during emergency; memorandum of understanding with an executive agency

1401. §5547 — Emergency expenditures for meals, refreshments, and other support and maintenance

1402. §5548 — Payments to ensure continuing availability of goods and services during the coronavirus emergency

1403. §5549 — House Intern Resource Office

1404. §5561 — Reporters for House of Representatives

1405. §5562 — Preservation of reports, statements, or documents filed with Clerk of House

1406. §5563 — Index to House daily calendar

1407. §5571 — Office of General Counsel of House; administrative provisions

1408. §5581 — Participation by House in interparliamentary institutions; reception of members of foreign legislative bodies and foreign officials; meetings with Government officials

1409. §5582 — Office of Interparliamentary Affairs

1410. §5591 — Media support services

1411. §5601 — Sergeant at Arms of House; additional compensation

1412. §5602 — Tenure of office of Sergeant at Arms

1413. §5603 — Symbol of office of Sergeant at Arms

1414. §5604 — Duties of Sergeant at Arms

1415. §5605 — Law enforcement authority of Sergeant at Arms

1416. §5606 — Arrangements for attendance at funeral of deceased House Members; payment of funeral expenses and expenses of attending funeral rites

1417. §5621 — Corrections Calendar Office

1418. §5622 — Lump sum allowance for Corrections Calendar Office

1419. §5623 — Effective date

1420. §5624 — Transfer of positions in Corrections Calendar Office

1421. §6101 — Transfer of funds from appropriations account of the Office of the Vice President and the Offices of the Secretaries for the Majority and Minority to the Senate contingent fund

1422. §6102 — Expense allowance of Majority and Minority Leaders of Senate; expense allowance of Majority and Minority Whips; methods of payment; taxability

1423. §6111 — Compensation of President pro tempore of Senate

1424. §6112 — Compensation of Deputy President pro tempore of Senate

1425. §6113 — Appointment and compensation of employees by President pro tempore of Senate

1426. §6114 — Appointment and compensation of Administrative Assistant, Legislative Assistant, and Executive Secretary for Deputy President pro tempore of Senate

1427. §6115 — Expense allowance of President pro tempore of Senate; methods of payment; taxability

1428. §6116 — Special delivery postage allowance for President of Senate

1429. §6117 — Stationery allowance for President of Senate

1430. §6118 — Long-distance telephone calls for Vice President

1431. §6131 — Appointment of employees by Senate Majority and Minority Leaders; compensation

1432. §6132 — Assistants to Senate Majority and Minority Leaders for Floor Operations; establishment of positions; appointment; compensation

1433. §6133 — Chiefs of Staff for Senate Majority and Minority Leaders; appointment; compensation

1434. §6134 — Compensation and appointment of employees by Senate Majority and Minority Whips

1435. §6135 — Representation Allowance Account for Majority and Minority Leaders of Senate

1436. §6136 — Transfer of funds from representation allowance of Majority and Minority Leaders of Senate to expense allowance; availability; definitions

1437. §6137 — Transfer of funds from appropriations account of Majority and Minority Leaders of Senate to appropriations account, Miscellaneous Items, within Senate contingent fund

1438. §6138 — Transfer of funds from appropriations account of Majority and Minority Whips of Senate to appropriations account, Miscellaneous Items, within Senate contingent fund

1439. §6151 — Compensation of Secretaries for Senate Majority and Minority

1440. §6152 — Appointment and compensation of employees by Secretaries for Senate Majority and Minority; gross compensation

1441. §6153 — Salaries and expenses for Senate Majority and Minority Policy Committees and Senate Majority and Minority Conference Committees

1442. §6154 — Offices of the Secretaries of the Conference of the Majority and the Conference of the Minority

1443. §6155 — Payment of expenses of Conference of Majority and Conference of Minority from Senate contingent fund

1444. §6155 — Section 105 of S. 2939, Ninety-seventh Congress, 2d Session, as reported Sept. 22, 1982 , and incorporated by reference in section 101(e) of Pub. L. 97–276 , to be effective as if enacted into law, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective for fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1981 .

1445. §6156 — Appointment and compensation of employees by Secretary of Conference of Majority of Senate and Secretary of Conference of Minority of Senate

1446. §6157 — Services of consultants to Majority and Minority Conference Committee of Senate

1447. §6158 — Utilization of funds for specialized training of professional staff for Majority and Minority Conference Committee of Senate

1448. §6159 — Expense allowance for Chairmen of Majority and Minority Conference Committees of Senate; method of payment; taxability

1449. §6160 — Expense allowance for Chairmen of Majority and Minority Policy Committees of Senate; method of payment; taxability

1450. §6301 — Senators’ salaries

1451. §6302 — Salaries of Senators

1452. §6311 — Organizational expenses of Senator-elect

1453. §6312 — Clerks to Senators-elect

1454. §6313 — Senators’ Official Personnel and Office Expense Account

1455. §6314 — Mail, telegraph, telephone, stationery, office supplies, and home State office and travel expenses for Senators

1456. §6314 — Section 103(b) of S. 2939, as reported Sept. 22, 1982 , and enacted into permanent law by Pub. L. 97–276, § 101(e) , Oct. 2, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1189 , provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall be effective with respect to calendar years after the calendar year 1982.”

1457. §6314 — Section 106(b) of S. 2939, as reported Sept. 22, 1982 , and enacted into permanent law by Pub. L. 97–276, § 101(e) , Oct. 2, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1189 , provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) of this section [amending this section] shall take effect January 1, 1983 .”

1458. §6315 — Telecommunications services for Senators; payment of costs out of contingent fund

1459. §6316 — United States Code Annotated or United States Code Service; procurement for Senators

1460. §6317 — Home State office space for Senators; lease of office space

1461. §6318 — Additional home State office space for Senators; declaration of disaster or emergency

1462. §6319 — Transportation of official records and papers to a Senator’s State

1463. §6320 — Purchase of office equipment or furnishings by Senators

1464. §6501 — Appointment of consultants by Majority Leader, Minority Leader, Secretary of Senate, and Legislative Counsel of Senate; compensation

1465. §6502 — Procurement of temporary help

1466. §6503 — Payments from Senate contingent fund

1467. §6504 — Committee on Rules and Administration; designation of employees to approve vouchers for payments from Senate contingent fund

1468. §6505 — Appropriations for contingent expenses of Senate; restrictions

1469. §6506 — Separate accounts for “Secretary of the Senate” and for “Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate”; establishment within Senate contingent fund; inclusion of funds in existing accounts

1470. §6507 — Insurance of office funds of Secretary of Senate and Sergeant at Arms; payment of premiums

1471. §6508 — Transfers from appropriations account for expenses of Office of Secretary of Senate and Office of Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate

1472. §6509 — Vouchering Senate office charges

1473. §6510 — Materials, supplies, and fuel payments from Senate contingent fund

1474. §6511 — Liquidation from appropriations of any unpaid obligations chargeable to rescinded unexpended balances of funds

1475. §6512 — Expense allowance for Secretary of Senate, Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate, and Secretaries for Senate Majority and Minority

1476. §6513 — Per diem and subsistence expenses from Senate contingent fund

1477. §6514 — Orientation seminars, etc., for new Senators, Senate officials, or members of staffs of Senators or Senate officials; payment of expenses

1478. §6515 — Payment of fees for services of Attending Physician and for use of Senate health and fitness facilities

1479. §6516 — Sale of waste paper and condemned furniture

1480. §6517 — Receipts from sale of used or surplus furniture and furnishings of Senate

1481. §6518 — Workers compensation payments

1482. §6519 — McCain-Mansfield and SFC Sean Cooley and SPC Christopher Horton Congressional Gold Star Family Fellowships Programs

1483. §6532 — Death, resignation, or disability of Secretary and Assistant Secretary of Senate; Financial Clerk deemed successor as disbursing officer

1484. §6533 — Death, resignation, or disability of Secretary of Senate; Assistant Secretary of Senate to act as Secretary; written designation of absent status

1485. §6534 — Compensation of Assistant Secretary of Senate

1486. §6535 — Compensation of Parliamentarian of Senate

1487. §6536 — Compensation of Financial Clerk of Senate

1488. §6538 — Employment of additional administrative assistants

1489. §6539 — Abolition of statutory positions in Office of Secretary of Senate; Secretary’s authority to establish and fix compensation for positions

1490. §6540 — Adjustment of rate of compensation by Secretary of Senate

1491. §6541 — Professional archivist; Secretary’s authority to obtain services from General Services Administration

1492. §6542 — Employees of Senate Disbursing Office; designation by Secretary of Senate to administer oaths and affirmations

1493. §6543 — Designation of reporters

1494. §6544 — Substitute reporters of debates and expert transcribers; temporary reporters of debates and expert transcribers; payments from Senate contingent fund

1495. §6561 — Advance payments by Secretary of Senate

1496. §6562 — Transfers of funds by Secretary of Senate; approval of Committee on Appropriations

1497. §6563 — Payment of certain expenses

1498. §6564 — Travel expenses of Secretary of Senate; advancement of travel funds to designated employees

1499. §6565 — Advancement by Secretary of Senate of travel funds to employees under his jurisdiction for Federal Election Campaign Act travel expenses

1500. §6566 — Authority to procure technical support and other services and incur travel expenses; payment of such expenses

1501. §6567 — Funds for Secretary of Senate to assist in proper discharge within United States of responsibilities to foreign parliamentary groups or other foreign officials

1502. §6568 — Banking and financial transactions of Secretary of Senate

1503. §6572 — Purchases of stationery and materials for folding

1504. §6573 — Senate revolving fund for stationery allowances; availability of unexpended balances; withdrawals

1505. §6574 — Senate Office of Public Records Revolving Fund

1506. §6575 — Fees for copies from Senate journals

1507. §6576 — Senate Gift Shop

1508. §6577 — Senate legislative information system

1509. §6578 — Senate Leader’s Lecture Series

1510. §6592 — Limitation on compensation of Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate

1511. §6593 — Deputy Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper to act on death, resignation, disability, or absence of Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate

1512. §6594 — Compensation of Deputy Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate

1513. §6595 — Compensation of Administrative Assistant to Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate

1514. §6596 — Employment of personnel by Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate at daily rates of compensation; authorization; limitation on amount of compensation

1515. §6597 — Abolition of statutory positions in Office of Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate; authority to establish and fix compensation for positions

1516. §6598 — Designation by Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate of persons to approve vouchers for payment of moneys

1517. §6599 — Use by Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate of individual consultants or organizations, and department and agency personnel

1518. §6611 — Transfer authority and Sergeant at Arms Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Fund

1519. §6612 — Travel expenses of Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate

1520. §6613 — Advances to Sergeant at Arms of Senate for extraordinary expenses

1521. §6614 — Funds advanced by Secretary of Senate to Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate to defray office expenses; accountability; maximum amount; vouchers

1522. §6615 — Deposit of moneys for credit to account within Senate contingent fund for “Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate”

1523. §6616 — Support services for Senate during emergency; memorandum of understanding with an executive agency

1524. §6617 — Law enforcement authority of Sergeant-at-Arms and Doorkeeper of the Senate

1525. §6618 — Data processing equipment, software, and services

1526. §6619 — Advance payments for computer programing services

1527. §6620 — Provision of services and equipment on a reimbursable basis

1528. §6621 — Payment for telecommunications equipment and services; definitions

1529. §6622 — Certification of telecommunications equipment and services as official

1530. §6623 — Report on telecommunications to Committee on Rules and Administration

1531. §6624 — Metered charges on copiers; “Sergeant at Arms” and “user” defined; certification of services and equipment as official; deposit of payments; availability for expenditure

1532. §6625 — Receipts from sales of items by Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate, to Senators, etc., to be credited to appropriation from which purchased

1533. §6626 — Reimbursements to Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate for equipment provided to Senators, etc., which has been lost, stolen, damaged, or otherwise unaccounted for; deposit of receipts

1534. §6627 — Compensation for lost or damaged property

1535. §6628 — Treatment of electronic services provided by Sergeant at Arms

1536. §6629 — Purchase, lease, exchange, maintenance, and operation of vehicles out of account for Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate within Senate contingent fund; authorization of appropriations

1537. §6630 — Disposal of used or surplus furniture and equipment by Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate; procedure; deposit of receipts

1538. §6631 — Transfer of excess or surplus educationally useful equipment to public schools

1539. §6632 — Disposal of used or surplus automobiles and trucks by Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper of Senate; procedure; deposit of receipts

1540. §6633 — Media support services

1541. §6634 — Section 121a of this title , referred to in subsec. (g), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–275, title I, § 6(h)(1) , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2434 .

1542. §6634 — Senate Hair Care Services

1543. §6635 — Office of Senate Health Promotion

1544. §6636 — Senate Computer Center

1545. §6652 — Compensation of employees of Chaplain of Senate

1546. §6653 — Postage allowance for Chaplain of Senate

1547. §6654 — Payment of expenses of the Chaplain of the Senate from the contingent fund of the Senate

Title 3

1. §1 — Time of appointing electors

2. §3 — Number of electors

3. §4 — Vacancies in electoral college

4. §5 — Certificate of ascertainment of appointment of electors

5. §6 — Duties of Archivist

6. §7 — Meeting and vote of electors

7. §8 — Manner of voting

8. §9 — Certificates of votes for President and Vice President

9. §10 — Sealing and endorsing certificates

10. §11 — Transmission of certificates by electors

11. §12 — Failure of certificates of electors to reach President of the Senate or Archivist of the United States; demand on State for certificate

12. §13 — Same; demand on district judge for certificate

13. §15 — Counting electoral votes in Congress

14. §16 — Same; seats for officers and Members of two Houses in joint session

15. §17 — Same; limit of debate in each House

16. §18 — Same; parliamentary procedure at joint session

17. §19 — Vacancy in offices of both President and Vice President; officers eligible to act

18. §20 — Resignation or refusal of office

19. §21 — Definitions

20. §22 — Severability

21. §101 — Commencement of term of office

22. §102 — Compensation of the President

23. §103 — Traveling expenses

24. §104 — Salary of the Vice President

25. §104 — Section 704(a)(1) of the Ethics Reform Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 704(a)(1) of Pub. L. 101–194 , which is set out as a note under section 5318 of Title 5 .

26. §105 — Assistance and services for the President

27. §106 — Assistance and services for the Vice President

28. §106 — Section 1. There shall be in the White House Office a Special Assistant to the President for Liaison with Former Presidents (referred to hereinafter as the Special Assistant).

29. §107 — Domestic Policy Staff and Office of Administration; personnel

30. §108 — Assistance to the President for unanticipated needs

31. §109 — Public property in and belonging to the Executive Residence at the White House

32. §110 — Furniture for the Executive Residence at the White House

33. §110 — Section 1. (a) There shall be in the White House a Curator of the White House. The Curator shall assist in the preservation and protection of the articles of furniture, fixtures, and decorative objects used or displayed in the principal corridor on the ground floor and the principal public rooms on the first floor of the White House, and in such other areas in the White House as the President may designate.

34. §111 — Expense allowance of Vice President

35. §112 — Detail of employees of executive departments

36. §113 — Personnel report

37. §114 — General pay limitation

38. §115 — Veterans’ preference

39. §301 — General authorization to delegate functions; publication of delegations

40. §301 — Part IV

41. §301 — Part V

42. §301 — Part VI

43. §301 — Section 1. Executive Order No. 10289 of September 19, 1951 , as amended [set out as a note under this section], is hereby further amended—

44. §301 — Section 1. The Office of Personnel Management is hereby designated and empowered to exercise, without the approval, ratification, or other action

45. §301 — Section 1. The Secretary of Commerce is hereby designated and empowered to perform the following-described functions without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President:

46. §301 — Section 1. The Secretary of Defense, and, as designated by the said Secretary for this purpose, any of the Secretaries, Under Secretaries, and Assistant Secretaries of the military departments, are hereby designated and empowered to perform the following-described functions of the President without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President:

47. §301 — Section 1. The Secretary of Defense, and, when designated by the Secretary of Defense for such purpose, the Secretary of the Army are hereby designated and empowered to exercise, without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President, the authority vested in the President by the first section of the act of June 26, 1946, ch. 493 , 60 Stat. 311 , as amended [former 10 U.S.C. 4344 , 9344], to designate persons from the American Republics (other than the United States) and Canada who may be permitted to receive instruction at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York.

48. §301 — Section 1. The Secretary of Homeland Security is hereby designated and empowered to perform the following- described functions without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President:

49. §301 — Section 1. [Superseded by Ex. Ord. No. 11230, § 2(11), June 28, 1965 , 30 F.R. 8447.]

50. §302 — Scope of delegation of functions

51. §303 — Definitions

52. §401 — Definitions

53. §402 — Application of laws

54. §411 — Rights and protections under title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

55. §412 — Rights and protections under the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993

56. §413 — Rights and protections under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

57. §414 — Rights and protections under the Employee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988

58. §415 — Rights and protections under the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act

59. §416 — Rights and protections relating to veterans’ employment and reemployment

60. §417 — Prohibition of intimidation or reprisal

61. §421 — Rights and protections under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

62. §421 — Section 501 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(B), is classified to section 791 of Title 29 , Labor.

63. §425 — Rights and protections under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970; procedures for remedy of violations

64. §431 — Application of chapter 71 of title 5, relating to Federal service labor-management relations; procedures for remedy of violations

65. §435 — Generally applicable remedies and limitations

66. §435 — Section 2 of the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act, referred to in subsec. (f)(2), is classified to section 2101 of Title 29 , Labor.

67. §451 — Procedure for consideration of alleged violations

68. §452 — Counseling and mediation

69. §453 — Election of proceeding

70. §454 — Appropriate agencies

71. §455 — Effect of failure to issue regulations

72. §456 — Confidentiality

73. §471 — Effective date

Title 4

1. §1 — Flag; stripes and stars on

2. §1 — Section 1. The flag of the United States shall have thirteen horizontal stripes, alternate red and white, and a union consisting of white stars on a field of blue.

3. §2 — Same; additional stars

4. §3 — Use of flag for advertising purposes; mutilation of flag

5. §4 — Pledge of allegiance to the flag; manner of delivery

6. §5 — Display and use of flag by civilians; codification of rules and customs; definition

7. §6 — Time and occasions for display

8. §7 — Position and manner of display

9. §8 — Respect for flag

10. §9 — Conduct during hoisting, lowering or passing of flag

11. §10 — Modification of rules and customs by President

12. §41 — Seal of the United States

13. §42 — Same; custody and use of

14. §71 — Permanent seat of Government

15. §72 — Public offices; at seat of Government

16. §73 — Same; removal from seat of Government

17. §101 — Oath by members of legislatures and officers

18. §102 — Same; by whom administered

19. §103 — Assent to purchase of lands for forts

20. §104 — Tax on motor fuel sold on military or other reservation 1 1 So in original. Probably should be followed by a semicolon. reports to State taxing authority

21. §105 — State, and so forth, taxation affecting Federal areas; sales or use tax

22. §106 — Same; income tax

23. §107 — Same; exception of United States, its instrumentalities, and authorized purchases 1 1 So in original. Probably should be “purchasers”. therefrom

24. §108 — Same; jurisdiction of United States over Federal areas unaffected

25. §109 — Same; exception of Indians

26. §110 — Same; definitions

27. §110 — Section 3797 of title 26 , referred to in subsec. (a), is a reference to section 3797 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, which was repealed by section 7851 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, Title 26, and is covered by section 7701(a)(1) of Title 26 . The Internal Revenue Code of 1954 was redesignated the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 by Pub. L. 99–514, § 2 , Oct. 22, 1986 , 100 Stat. 2095 . For table of comparisons of the 1939 Code to the 1986 Code, see Table I preceding section 1 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code. See also section 7852(b) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code, for provision that references in any other law to a provision of the 1939 Code, unless expressly incompatible with the intent thereof, shall be deemed a reference to the corresponding provision of the 1986 Code.

28. §111 — Same; taxation affecting Federal employees; income tax

29. §112 — Compacts between States for cooperation in prevention of crime; consent of Congress

30. §113 — Residence of Members of Congress for State income tax laws

31. §114 — Limitation on State income taxation of certain pension income

32. §114 — Section 514 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (e), is classified to section 1144 of Title 29 , Labor.

33. §115 — Limitation on State authority to tax compensation paid to individuals performing services at Fort Campbell, Kentucky

34. §116 — Rules for determining State and local government treatment of charges related to mobile telecommunications services

35. §116 — Section 254 of the Communications Act of 1934, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is classified to section 254 of Title 47 , Telecommunications.

36. §117 — Sourcing rules

37. §118 — Limitations

38. §119 — Electronic databases for nationwide standard numeric jurisdictional codes

39. §120 — Procedure if no electronic database provided

40. §121 — Correction of erroneous data for place of primary use

41. §122 — Determination of place of primary use

42. §123 — Scope; special rules

43. §124 — Definitions

44. §125 — Nonseverability

45. §126 — No inference

46. §141 — Collection, preparation and publication

47. §142 — Appointment of experts

48. §143 — Employment and utilization of other personnel; cost of copy reading and indexing

49. §144 — Cooperation of departments and agencies

50. §145 — Printing and distribution

51. §146 — Authorization of appropriations

Title 5

1. §101 — Executive departments The Executive departments are: The Department of State. The Department of the Treasury. The Department of Defense. The Department of Justice. The Department of the Interior. The Department of Agriculture. The Department of Commerce. The Department of Labor. The Department of Health and Human Services. The Department of Housing and Urban Development. The Department of Transportation. The Department of Energy. The Department of Education. The Department of Veterans Affairs. The Department of Homeland Security. ( Pub. L. 89–554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 378 ; Pub. L. 89–670, §10(b), Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 948 ; Pub. L. 91–375, §6(c)(1), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 775 ; Pub. L. 95–91, title VII, §710(a), Aug. 4, 1977, 91 Stat. 609 ; Pub. L. 96–88, title V, §508(b), Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 692 ; Pub. L. 100–527, §13(b), Oct. 25, 1988, 102 Stat. 2643 ; Pub. L. 109–241, title IX, §902(a)(1), July 11, 2006, 120 Stat. 566 .)

2. §102 — Military departments

3. §103 — Government corporation

4. §104 — Independent establishment

5. §105 — Executive agency

6. §301 — Departmental regulations

7. §302 — Delegation of authority

8. §303 — Oaths to witnesses

9. §304 — Subpenas

10. §305 — Systematic agency review of operations

11. §306 — Agency strategic plans

12. §311 — Definitions

13. §312 — Agency evidence-building plan

14. §313 — Evaluation Officers

15. §314 — Statistical expertise

16. §315 — Advisory Committee on Data for Evidence Building

17. §321 — Definitions

18. §322 — Federal Government service delivery

19. §323 — Lead agency officials for Government service delivery

20. §324 — Rule of construction

21. §401 — Definitions

22. §401 — Section 12 of Pub. L. 95–452 began with “the term” in paragraphs (1) to (5) and ended with semicolons in paragraphs (1) to (3), “; and” in paragraph (4), and a period in paragraph (5). As restated by Pub. L. 117–286 , the text of paragraphs (1) to (5) began with “The term” and all ended with periods.

23. §402 — Establishment and purpose of Offices of Inspector General

24. §403 — Appointments

25. §404 — Duties and responsibilities

26. §405 — Reports

27. §405 — Section 804(b) of the Federal Financial Management Improvement Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (b)(13), is section 101(f) [title VIII, § 804(b)] of title I of Pub. L. 104–208 , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–314 , 3009–392, which is set out in a note under section 3512 of Title 31 , Money and Finance.

28. §406 — Authority of Inspector General

29. §407 — Complaints by employees

30. §408 — Additional provisions with respect to the Inspector General of the Department of Defense

31. §409 — Special provisions concerning the Agency for International Development

32. §410 — Special provisions concerning the Nuclear Regulatory Commission

33. §411 — Special provisions concerning the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

34. §412 — Special provisions concerning the Department of the Treasury

35. §413 — Special provisions concerning the Department of Justice

36. §414 — Special provisions concerning the Corporation for National and Community Service

37. §415 — Requirements for Federal entities and designated Federal entities

38. §415 — Section 8G of Pub. L. 95–452 was amended by Pub. L. 117–108 as follows:

39. §415 — Section 8G of Pub. L. 95–452 was amended by Pub. L. 117–263 as follows:

40. §416 — Additional provisions with respect to Inspectors General of the intelligence community

41. §416 — Section 8H of Pub. L. 95–452 was amended by Pub. L. 117–103 as follows:

42. §416 — Section 8H of Pub. L. 95–452 was amended by Pub. L. 117–263 in subsection (h)(1)(A)(i) by striking “involving” and all that follows through “policy matters.” and inserting “of the Federal Government that is—

43. §417 — Special provisions concerning the Department of Homeland Security

44. §418 — Rule of construction of special provisions

45. §419 — Section 113(n) of title 10 , referred to in subsecs. (a)(2) and (d)(1)(B), was redesignated section 113( o ) of title 10 by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title V, § 551(a)(1)(C) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 3628 .

46. §419 — Special provisions concerning overseas contingency operations

47. §420 — Information on websites of Offices of Inspectors General

48. §421 — Additional provisions with respect to the Department of Energy

49. §422 — Section 208 of the Department of Energy Organization Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(E), is section 208 of Pub. L. 95–91 , title II, Aug. 4, 1977 , 91 Stat. 575 , which was classified to section 7138 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, and was repealed by Pub. L. 100–504, title I, § 102(e)(1)(A) , Oct. 18, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2517 .

50. §422 — Section 23 of the Railroad Retirement Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(S), is section 23 of act Aug. 29, 1935, ch. 812 , as added, which was classified to section 231v of Title 45 , Railroads, and was repealed by Pub. L. 100–504, title I, § 102(e)(3) , Oct. 18, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2517 .

51. §422 — Title II of Public Law 94–505 , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(F), is title II of Pub. L. 94–505 , Oct. 15, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2429 , which was classified generally to sections 3521 to 3527 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and was repealed by Pub. L. 100–504, title I, § 102(e)(2) , Oct. 18, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2517 .

52. §422 — Transfer of functions

53. §423 — Pay of Inspectors General

54. §424 — Establishment of the Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency

55. §424 — Section 1229 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008, referred to in subsec. (e)(1)(B), is section 1229 of Pub. L. 110–181 , which is set out as a note under section 415 of this title .

56. §500 — Administrative practice; general provisions

57. §501 — Advertising practice; restrictions

58. §502 — Administrative practice; Reserves and National Guardsmen

59. §503 — Witness fees and allowances

60. §504 — Costs and fees of parties (a)(1) An agency that conducts an adversary adjudication shall award, to a prevailing party other than the United States, fees and other expenses incurred by that party in connection with that proceeding, unless the adjudicative officer of the agency finds that the position of the agency was substantially justified or that special circumstances make an award unjust. Whether or not the position of the agency was substantially justified shall be determined on the basis of the administrative record, as a whole, which is made in the adversary adjudication for which fees and other expenses are sought.

61. §551 — Definitions For the purpose of this subchapter-

62. §552 — Public information; agency rules, opinions, orders, records, and proceedings

63. § 552a. Records maintained on individuals

64. Section 552(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was redesignated section 552(f) of this title by section 1802(b) of Pub. L. 99–570 .

65. Section 552a of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2244 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

66. Section 6 of the Privacy Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (s)(1), is section 6 of Pub. L. 93–579 , which was set out below and was repealed by section 6(c) of Pub. L. 100–503 .

67. Section 6103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(8)(B)(iv), (vii), is classified to section 6103 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

68. § 552b. Open meetings

69. Section 552(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was redesignated section 552(f) of this title by section 1802(b) of Pub. L. 99–570 .

70. §553 — Rule making

71. §554 — Adjudications

72. §555 — Ancillary matters

73. §555 — Section 555 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2247 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

74. §556 — Hearings; presiding employees; powers and duties; burden of proof; evidence; record as basis of decision

75. §557 — Initial decisions; conclusiveness; review by agency; submissions by parties; contents of decisions; record

76. §557 — Section 557 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2207 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

77. §557 — Section 557a of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2208 of Title 7 .

78. §558 — Imposition of sanctions; determination of applications for licenses; suspension, revocation, and expiration of licenses

79. §558 — Section 558 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2209 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

80. §559 — Effect on other laws; effect of subsequent statute

81. §561 — Purpose

82. §562 — Definitions

83. §563 — Determination of need for negotiated rulemaking committee

84. §564 — Publication of notice; applications for membership on committees

85. §565 — Establishment of committee

86. §566 — Conduct of committee activity

87. §567 — Termination of committee

88. §568 — Services, facilities, and payment of committee member expenses

89. §569 — Encouraging negotiated rulemaking

90. §570 — Judicial review

91. § 570a. Authorization of appropriations

92. §571 — Definitions

93. §571 — Section 571 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2256 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

94. §572 — General authority

95. §572 — Section 572 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2257 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

96. §573 — Neutrals

97. §573 — Section 573 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2258 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

98. §574 — Confidentiality

99. §574 — Section 574 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2255 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

100. §574 — Section 574a of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2226 of Title 7 .

101. §575 — Authorization of arbitration

102. §575 — Section 575 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2259 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

103. §576 — Enforcement of arbitration agreements

104. §576 — Section 576 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 2260 of Title 7 , Agriculture, and subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 107–171, title X, § 10418(a)(3) , May 13, 2002 , 116 Stat. 507 .

105. §577 — Arbitrators

106. §578 — Authority of the arbitrator

107. §579 — Arbitration proceedings

108. §580 — Arbitration awards

109. §581 — Judicial Review 1 1 So in original. Probably should not be capitalized.

110. §581 — Section 10(b) of title 9 , referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 10(c) of title 9 by Pub. L. 107–169, § 1(4) , May 7, 2002 , 116 Stat. 132 .

111. §583 — Support services

112. §584 — Authorization of appropriations

113. §591 — Purposes

114. §592 — Definitions

115. §593 — Administrative Conference of the United States

116. §594 — Powers and duties of the Conference

117. §595 — Organization of the Conference

118. §596 — Authorization of appropriations

119. §601 — Definitions

120. §601 — Section 1. Purpose . (a) The Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution provides that private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation. Government historically has used the formal exercise of the power of eminent domain, which provides orderly processes for paying just compensation, to acquire private property for public use. Recent Supreme Court decisions, however, in reaffirming the fundamental protection of private property rights provided by the Fifth Amendment and in assessing the nature of governmental actions that have an impact on constitutionally protected property rights, have also reaffirmed that governmental actions that do not formally invoke the condemnation power, including regulations, may result in a taking for which just compensation is required.

121. §601 — Section 1. Regulatory Reductions . Each executive department and agency shall undertake to eliminate not less than 50 percent of its civilian internal management regulations that are not required by law within 3 years of the effective date of this order. An agency internal management regulation, for the purposes of this order, means an agency directive or regulation that pertains to its organization, management, or personnel matters. Reductions in agency internal management regulations shall be concentrated in areas that will result in the greatest improvement in productivity, streamlining of operations, and improvement in customer service.

122. §601 — Section 1. Statement of Regulatory Philosophy and Principles .

123. §601 — Section 3 of the Small Business Act, referred to in par. (3), is classified to section 632 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

124. §602 — Regulatory agenda

125. §603 — Initial regulatory flexibility analysis

126. §604 — Final regulatory flexibility analysis

127. §605 — Avoidance of duplicative or unnecessary analyses

128. §606 — Effect on other law

129. §607 — Preparation of analyses

130. §608 — Procedure for waiver or delay of completion

131. §609 — Procedures for gathering comments

132. §610 — Periodic review of rules

133. §611 — Judicial review

134. §612 — Reports and intervention rights

135. §701 — Application; definitions

136. §702 — Right of review A person suffering legal wrong because of agency action, or adversely affected or aggrieved by agency action within the meaning of a relevant statute, is entitled to judicial review thereof. An action in a court of the United States seeking relief other than money damages and stating a claim that an agency or an officer or employee thereof acted or failed to act in an official capacity or under color of legal authority shall not be dismissed nor relief therein be denied on the ground that it is against the United States or that the United States is an indispensable party. The United States may be named as a defendant in any such action, and a judgment or decree may be entered against the United States: Provided, That any mandatory or injunctive decree shall specify the Federal officer or officers (by name or by title), and their successors in office, personally responsible for compliance. Nothing herein (1) affects other limitations on judicial review or the power or duty of the court to dismiss any action or deny relief on any other appropriate legal or equitable ground; or (2) confers authority to grant relief if any other statute that grants consent to suit expressly or impliedly forbids the relief which is sought. ( Pub. L. 89–554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 392 ; Pub. L. 94–574, §1, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2721 .)

137. §703 — Form and venue of proceeding

138. §704 — Actions reviewable

139. §705 — Relief pending review

140. §706 — Scope of review To the extent necessary to decision and when presented, the reviewing court shall decide all relevant questions of law, interpret constitutional and statutory provisions, and determine the meaning or applicability of the terms of an agency action. The reviewing court shall-

141. §801 — Congressional review

142. §802 — Congressional disapproval procedure

143. §803 — Special rule on statutory, regulatory, and judicial deadlines

144. §804 — Definitions

145. §805 — Judicial review

146. §806 — Applicability; severability

147. §807 — Exemption for monetary policy

148. §808 — Effective date of certain rules

149. §901 — Purpose

150. §901 — Section 18 of Ex. Ord. No. 6166, which provided for the partial abolition of cooperative vocational education payments for agricultural experiment stations; cooperative agricultural extension work; and endowment and maintenance of colleges for the benefit of agriculture and the mechanical arts, was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 6536 of Feb. 6, 1934 .

151. §901 — Section 602(b) of act June 30, 1949, ch. 288, title VI , 63 Stat. 401 , eff. July 1, 1949 , as renumbered from title V, section 502(b) of said act June 30, 1949 by act Sept. 5, 1950, ch. 849 , §§ 6(a), (b), 7(e), 64 Stat. 583 , provided that: “The provisions of the first, third, and fifth paragraphs of section 1 of Executive Order Numbered 6166 of June 10, 1933 [this Ex. Ord.], are hereby superseded, insofar as they relate to any function now administered by the Bureau of Federal Supply except functions with respect to standard contract forms.”

152. §901 — Section 901(c) of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 60e–2(a) of Title 2 , The Congress.

153. §902 — Definitions

154. §902 — Section 902(a) of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was transferred to section 60e–2(b) of Title 2 , The Congress.

155. §903 — Reorganization plans

156. §903 — Section 1(99) amends section 903(a)(5) of title 5 , United States Code, to conform to the wording formerly appearing in the source statute (sec. 3(5) of the Reorganization Act of 1949). In this regard, the explanation appearing in section 1(98) of this bill is equally applicable to this section.

157. §904 — Additional contents of reorganization plan A reorganization plan transmitted by the President under section 903 of this title-

158. §905 — Limitation on powers

159. §906 — Effective date and publication of reorganization plans

160. §907 — Effect on other laws, pending legal proceedings, and unexpended appropriations

161. §908 — Rules of Senate and House of Representatives on reorganization plans

162. §909 — Section 903(c) of this chapter, referred to in text, means section 903(c) of this title .

163. §909 — Terms of resolution

164. §910 — Introduction and reference of resolution

165. §911 — Discharge of committee considering resolution

166. §912 — Procedure after report or discharge of committee; debate; vote on final passage

167. §1001 — Definitions

168. §1002 — Findings and declarations

169. §1003 — Applicability

170. §1004 — Responsibilities of congressional committees

171. §1005 — Responsibilities of the President

172. §1006 — Responsibilities of the Administrator

173. §1007 — Responsibilities of agency heads

174. §1008 — Establishment and purpose of advisory committees

175. §1009 — Advisory committee procedures

176. §1010 — Availability of transcripts

177. §1011 — Fiscal and administrative provisions

178. §1012 — Responsibilities of Library of Congress

179. §1013 — Sec. 2. Notwithstanding the provisions of any other Executive Order, the functions of the President under chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code, that are applicable to the committees listed in section 1 of this order shall be performed by the head of the department or agency designated after each committee, in accordance with the regulations, guidelines, and procedures established by the Administrator of General Services.

180. §1013 — Sec. 3. Sections 1 and 2 of Executive Order 14048 of September 30, 2021 , are hereby superseded by sections 1 and 2 of this order.

181. §1013 — Sec. 4. [Amended Ex. Ord. No. 14031, set out as a note under section 3501 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.]

182. §1013 — Sec. 5. [Amended Ex. Ord. No. 14084, set out as a note under section 9102 of Title 20 , Education.]

183. §1013 — Sec. 6. This order shall be effective September 30, 2023 .

184. §1013 — Sec. 7. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

185. §1013 — Section 1. Each advisory committee listed below is continued until September 30, 2025 .

186. §1013 — Section 1. Each executive department and agency shall terminate not less than one-third of the advisory committees subject to FACA (and not required by statute) that are sponsored by the department or agency by no later than the end of fiscal year 1993.

187. §1013 — Termination of advisory committees

188. §1014 — Requirements relating to National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Public Administration

189. §1101 — Office of Personnel Management

190. §1101 — PART I. OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT

191. §1101 — PART II. MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

192. §1101 — PART III. FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY

193. §1101 — PART IV. GENERAL PROVISIONS

194. §1101 — Section 1

195. §1101 — Section 2

196. §1102 — Director; Deputy Director; Associate Directors

197. §1103 — Functions of the Director

198. §1104 — Delegation of authority for personnel management

199. §1105 — Administrative procedure

200. §1201 — Appointment of members of the Merit Systems Protection Board

201. §1202 — Term of office; filling vacancies; removal

202. §1203 — Chairman; Vice Chairman

203. §1204 — Powers and functions of the Merit Systems Protection Board

204. §1205 — Transmittal of information to Congress

205. §1206 — Annual report

206. §1209 — Renumbered §§ 1205 and 1206]

207. §1211 — Establishment

208. §1212 — Powers and functions of the Office of Special Counsel

209. §1213 — Provisions relating to disclosures of violations of law, gross mismanagement, and certain other matters

210. §1214 — Investigation of prohibited personnel practices; corrective action

211. §1215 — Disciplinary action

212. §1216 — Other matters within the jurisdiction of the Office of Special Counsel

213. §1217 — Transmittal of information to Congress

214. §1218 — Annual report

215. §1219 — Public information

216. §1221 — Individual right of action in certain reprisal cases

217. §1222 — Availability of other remedies

218. §1301 — Rules

219. §1302 — Regulations

220. §1303 — Investigations; reports

221. §1304 — Loyalty investigations; reports; revolving fund

222. §1304 — Section 1874(c) of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2), which related to clearance of National Science Foundation personnel, was repealed by Pub. L. 96–516, § 21(b)(1) , Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 3010 .

223. §1305 — Administrative law judges

224. §1306 — Oaths to witnesses

225. §1307 — Minutes

226. §1401 — Establishment of agency Chief Human Capital Officers

227. §1402 — Authority and functions of agency Chief Human Capital Officers

228. §1501 — Definitions

229. §1502 — Influencing elections; taking part in political campaigns; prohibitions; exceptions

230. §1503 — Nonpartisan candidacies permitted

231. §1503 — Section 1502(a)(3) of this title does not prohibit any State or local officer or employee from being a candidate in any election if none of the candidates is to be nominated or elected at such election as representing a party any of whose candidates for Presidential elector received votes in the last preceding election at which Presidential electors were selected.

232. §1504 — Investigations; notice of hearing

233. §1505 — Hearings; adjudications; notice of determinations

234. §1506 — Orders; withholding loans or grants; limitations

235. §1507 — Subpenas and depositions

236. §1508 — Judicial review

237. §2101 — Civil service; armed forces; uniformed services For the purpose of this title-

238. § 2101a. The Senior Executive Service

239. §2102 — The competitive service

240. §2103 — The excepted service

241. §2104 — Officer

242. §2105 — Employee

243. §2106 — Member of Congress

244. §2107 — Congressional employee

245. §2108 — Veteran; disabled veteran; preference eligible

246. § 2108a. Treatment of certain individuals as veterans, disabled veterans, and preference eligibles

247. §2109 — Air traffic controller; Secretary

248. §2301 — Merit system principles

249. §2302 — Prohibited personnel practices (a)(1) For the purpose of this title, "prohibited personnel practice" means any action described in subsection (b).

250. §2303 — Prohibited personnel practices in the Federal Bureau of Investigation

251. §2304 — Prohibited personnel practices affecting the Transportation Security Administration

252. §2305 — Responsibility of the Government Accountability Office

253. §2306 — Coordination with certain other provisions of law

254. §2901 — Commission of an officer

255. §2902 — Commission; where recorded

256. §2903 — Oath; authority to administer

257. §2904 — Oath; administered without fees

258. §2905 — Oath; renewal

259. §2906 — Oath; custody

260. §2951 — Reports to the Office of Personnel Management

261. §2952 — Time of making annual reports

262. §2953 — Reports to Congress on additional employee requirements

263. §2954 — Information to committees of Congress on request

264. §3101 — General authority to employ

265. §3101 — Section 1. Limits on Hiring Civilian Personnel . Each executive department or agency with over 100 employees shall eliminate not less than 4 percent of its civilian personnel positions (measured on a full-time equivalent (FTE) basis) over the next 3 fiscal years. The positions shall be vacated through attrition or early out programs established at the discretion of the department and agency heads. At least 10 percent of the reductions shall come from the Senior Executive Service, GS–15 and GS–14 levels or equivalent.

266. §3101 — Section 1310 of act Nov. 1, 1951, ch. 664 , Ch. XIII, 65 Stat. 757 , as amended June 5, 1952, ch. 369 , Ch. XIII, § 1302, 66 Stat. 122 ; Sept. 1, 1954, ch. 1208 , title VI, § 602, 68 Stat. 1115 ; Oct. 11, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–793, § 717(b) , 76 Stat. 858 ; Aug. 6, 1965 , Pub. L. 89–114 , 79 Stat. 448 ; Oct. 11, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–105, § 3 , 81 Stat. 274 ; Apr. 21, 1976 , Pub. L. 94–273, § 4(5) , 90 Stat. 377 , provided that, upon the enactment of this Act [ Nov. 1, 1951 ] and until termination of the national emergency proclaimed by the President on Dec. 16, 1950 , agencies shall use their authority to require initial appointment be made on other than a permanent basis to limit the number of permanent employees, the Civil Service Commission facilitate the transfer of Federal employees from nondefense to defense activities with reemployment rights and make use of its authority to prohibit excessively rapid promotions, and agencies review certain positions annually and report to Congressional committees. All powers and authorities under section 1310 of act Nov. 1, 1951 , as amended, terminated 2 years from Sept. 14, 1976 , pursuant to Pub. L. 94–412, title I, § 101 , Sept. 14, 1976 , 90 Stat. 1255 ( 50 U.S.C. 1601 ).

267. §3102 — Employment of personal assistants for handicapped employees, including blind and deaf employees

268. §3103 — Employment at seat of Government only for services rendered

269. §3104 — Employment of specially qualified scientific and professional personnel

270. §3105 — Appointment of administrative law judges

271. §3106 — Employment of attorneys; restrictions

272. §3107 — Employment of publicity experts; restrictions

273. §3108 — Employment of detective agencies; restrictions

274. §3109 — Employment of experts and consultants; temporary or intermittent

275. §3109 — Section 1. Policy . To help ensure the integrity and effective supervision of the legal and expert witness services provided to or on behalf of the United States, it is the policy of the United States that organizations or individuals that provide such services to or on behalf of the United States shall be compensated in amounts that are reasonable, not contingent upon the outcome of litigation or other proceedings, and established according to criteria set in advance of performance of the services, except when otherwise required by law.

276. §3110 — Employment of relatives; restrictions

277. §3111 — Acceptance of volunteer service

278. §3111 — Section 203 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (e)(2)(A), is classified to section 603 of Title 2 , The Congress.

279. § 3111a. Federal internship programs

280. §3112 — Disabled veterans; noncompetitive appointment

281. §3113 — Restriction on reemployment after conviction of certain crimes

282. §3114 — Appointment of candidates to certain positions in the competitive service by the Securities and Exchange Commission

283. §3115 — Expedited hiring authority for college graduates; competitive service

284. §3115 — Section 1106 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, referred to in subsec. (h), is section 1106 of Pub. L. 114–328 , which is set out as a note preceding section 1580 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

285. §3116 — Expedited hiring authority for post-secondary students; competitive service

286. §3116 — Section 1106 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, referred to in subsec. (i), is section 1106 of Pub. L. 114–328 , which is set out as a note preceding section 1580 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

287. §3131 — Section 1. Policy . It is in the national interest to facilitate career executive continuity between administrations; to increase senior leadership attention to, and involvement in, executive recruitment; to reduce unnecessary burdens on applicants for executive positions; and to efficiently document demonstrated executive experience. Furthermore, it is imperative to periodically explore and promote new selection methods that effectively and efficiently identify the most capable and talented candidates for executive leadership positions to enhance the breadth and diversity of experiences among our Federal executives; to better support, recognize, and reward our executives, especially our top performers; and to strengthen executive accountability, all while maintaining a system that is focused on the public interest and free from improper political influence. An important aspect of strengthening our Senior Executive Service (SES) members is valuing the work they do every day, rewarding excellence, professionalism, and outstanding achievement through special act awards, Presidential Rank Awards, and other non-monetary and honorary awards. Consistent with the requirements of Executive Order 13583 of August 18, 2011 (Establishing a Coordinated Government-Wide Initiative to Promote Diversity and Inclusion in the Federal Workforce), and with merit-based principles, this order continues to support executive departments and agencies (agencies) to develop and implement a comprehensive, integrated, and strategic focus on diversity and inclusion as a key component of the recruitment, hiring, retention, and development of their SES cadre. Pursuing these goals will significantly improve the Federal Government’s ability to serve the American people. Unless otherwise noted, this order applies to career members of the SES.

288. §3131 — Section 2 of this order establishes, under the President’s Management Council (PMC), a Subcommittee to advise the Office of Personnel Management (OPM), the PMC, and the President on senior executive matters, help monitor execution of an important set of executive reforms contained in section 3 of this order, and help keep the Federal Government’s executive management practices current and effective. In order to identify and maximize the use of best practices, requirements in sections [sic] 3(b)(i)–(iv) of this order will be implemented in three phases, with Phase I consisting of seven agencies, which will execute those reforms in fiscal year (FY) 2016; Phase II consisting of seven agencies, which will execute those reforms in FY 2017; and Phase III consisting of all other agencies, which will execute those reforms in FY 2018.

289. §3131 — The Senior Executive Service

290. §3132 — Definitions and exclusions

291. §3133 — Authorization of positions; authority for appointment

292. §3133 — Section 1109 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 1109 of Pub. L. 114–328 , set out as a note below.

293. §3133 — Section 413 of the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), is section 413 of Pub. L. 95–454 , set out as a note below.

294. §3134 — Limitations on noncareer and limited appointments

295. §3136 — Regulations

296. §3151 — Section 3393a, referred to in subsec. (a)(5)(E), was repealed by Pub. L. 107–296, title XIII, § 1321(a)(1)(B) , Nov. 25, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2296 .

297. §3151 — The Federal Bureau of Investigation and Drug Enforcement Administration Senior Executive Service

298. §3152 — Limitation on pay

299. §3161 — Employment and compensation of employees

300. §3171 — Presidential Innovation Fellows Program

301. §3171 — Section 1. Policy . It is in the national interest for the Federal Government to attract the brightest minds skilled in technology or innovative practices to serve in the Federal Government to work on some of the Nation’s biggest and most pressing challenges. This order establishes a program to encourage successful entrepreneurs, executives, and innovators to join the Federal Government and work in close cooperation with Federal Government leaders, to create meaningful solutions that can help save lives and taxpayer money, fuel job creation, and significantly improve how the Federal Government serves the American people.

302. §3172 — Presidential Innovation Fellows Program advisory board

303. §3301 — Civil service; generally

304. §3302 — Competitive service; rules

305. §3302 — Section 1. (a) Subject to paragraph (b) of this section, the head of an agency may make an excepted appointment, to be known as a “veterans readjustment appointment”, to any position in the competitive service up to and including GS–5 or the equivalent thereof, of a veteran or disabled veteran as defined in section 2108(1), (2), of title 5, United States Code, who:

306. §3303 — Competitive service; recommendations of Senators or Representatives

307. §3304 — Competitive service; examinations

308. § 3304a. Competitive service; career appointment after 3 years’ temporary service

309. §3305 — Competitive service; examinations; when held

310. §3307 — Competitive service; maximum-age entrance requirements; exceptions

311. §3308 — Competitive service; examinations; educational requirements prohibited; exceptions

312. §3309 — Preference eligibles; examinations; additional points for

313. §3310 — Preference eligibles; examinations; guards, elevator operators, messengers, and custodians

314. §3311 — Preference eligibles; examinations; crediting experience

315. §3312 — Preference eligibles; physical qualifications; waiver

316. §3313 — Competitive service; registers of eligibles

317. §3314 — Registers; preference eligibles who resigned

318. §3315 — Registers; preference eligibles furloughed or separated

319. §3316 — Preference eligibles; reinstatement

320. §3317 — Competitive service; certification from registers

321. §3318 — Competitive service; selection from certificates

322. §3319 — Alternative ranking and selection procedures

323. §3320 — Excepted service; government of the District of Columbia; selection

324. §3321 — Competitive service; probationary period

325. §3322 — Voluntary separation before resolution of personnel investigation

326. §3323 — Automatic separations; reappointment; re­employment of annuitants

327. §3323 — Section 812 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (c), is classified to section 4052 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

328. §3324 — Appointments to positions classified above GS–15

329. §3325 — Appointments to scientific and professional positions

330. §3326 — Appointments of retired members of the armed forces to positions in the Department of Defense

331. §3327 — Civil service employment information

332. §3328 — Selective Service registration

333. §3329 — Appointments of military reserve technicians to positions in the competitive service

334. §3329 — Section 8401(30) of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), was amended generally by Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 522(c)(2) , Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 597 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a subpar. (B).

335. §3330 — Government-wide list of vacant positions

336. § 3330a. Preference eligibles; administrative redress

337. § 3330b. Preference eligibles; judicial redress

338. § 3330c. Preference eligibles; remedy

339. § 3330d. Appointment of military and Department of Defense, Department of State, and intelligence community spouses

340. Sec. 2. Government-wide Military and Veteran Spouse, Military Caregiver, and Survivor Hiring and Retention Strategic Plan and Training . Given the considerable Federal footprint around many military installations, military spouses are often interested in pursuing careers in the Federal civil service. To ensure that the Federal Government is an employer of choice for military and veteran spouses, military caregivers, and survivors, executive departments and agencies (agencies) must strengthen their ability to recruit, hire, develop, promote, and retain this skilled and diverse pool of talent. To that end:

341. Sec. 3. Updates to Federal Training and Hiring Authorities . To strengthen the ability of the Federal Government to train, develop, and hire military and veteran spouses and survivors:

342. Sec. 4. Retention of Military and Veteran Spouses and Military Caregivers, Including Those Employed by the Federal Government . In order to support military and veteran spouses and military caregivers, including those who are employed by the Federal Government:

343. Sec. 5. Domestic Employees Teleworking Overseas Policy . In order to ensure that military spouses are able to equitably and reasonably access opportunities for remote work in their Federal jobs when their service-member spouse receives orders overseas, promote togetherness for military families, and enable agencies that employ military spouses—resilient and talented civil servants—to retain them, the following improvements shall be made to the Domestic Employees Teleworking Overseas (DETO) program implemented by agencies pursuant to the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 ( Public Law 117–81 ) [see Tables for classification]:

344. Sec. 6. Expanding Support for Military and Veteran Spouse Entrepreneurs . Many military spouses start their own businesses because of a need for flexibility or inability to find or maintain other employment. When military spouses must discontinue their businesses, however, they often cite military moves, rather than lack of profitability, as the reason. To support military spouse entrepreneurs in starting and sustaining their businesses, the Administrator of the Small Business Administration shall:

345. Sec. 7. Child Care for Military Families . The Department of Defense operates the largest employer-sponsored child care program in the United States in order to provide military families with support that is essential to overall mission readiness, retention, and recruitment. To build on the existing support and ensure that military families have access to affordable, high-quality child care allowing both the service member and the spouse to pursue professional opportunities, the Secretary of Defense shall:

346. Sec. 8. Definitions . For the purposes of this order:

347. Sec. 9. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

348. Section 1. Definitions . (a) “Military spouse” means:

349. Section 1. Policy . Military-connected families are American working families. Military and veteran families, military caregivers, and survivors face many of the same challenges as their neighbors, but they can carry the additional strains of multiple deployments; frequent moves with little control over their geographic location; caring for wounded, ill, and injured service members or veterans; time apart for training and other demands of military life; and more. The unique demands of military life continue to affect veteran families, military caregivers, and survivors for years after a service member’s time in uniform.

350. § 3330e. Review of official personnel file of former Federal employees before rehiring

351. § 3330f. Government policy and supporting position data

352. Section 2(b)(3) of the PLUM Act of 2022, referred to in subsec. (a)(5)(A), probably means section 5322(b)(3) of Pub. L. 117–263 , which is set out in a note under this section. The PLUM Act of 2022 is subtitle B of title LIII of div. E of Pub. L. 117–263 , the second section of which is section 5322.

353. §3331 — Oath of office

354. §3332 — Officer affidavit; no consideration paid for appointment

355. §3333 — Employee affidavit; loyalty and striking against the Government

356. §3341 — Details; within Executive or military departments

357. §3343 — Details; to international organizations

358. §3344 — Details; administrative law judges

359. §3345 — Acting officer

360. §3345 — Section 1. Policy . It is the policy of the Federal Government to ensure that each executive branch agency can perform its essential functions and remain an effectively functioning part of the Federal Government under all conditions. Accordingly, each agency shall take all appropriate actions to establish, maintain, and, as necessary, revise an order of succession, or to propose presidential action to establish or revise an order of succession.

361. §3346 — Time limitation

362. §3347 — Exclusivity

363. §3348 — Vacant office

364. §3349 — Reporting of vacancies

365. § 3349a. Presidential inaugural transitions

366. § 3349b. Holdover provisions

367. § 3349c. Exclusion of certain officers

368. § 3349d. Notification of intent to nominate during certain recesses or adjournments

369. § 3349e. Presidential explanation of failure to nominate an inspector general

370. Section 12 of the Inspector General Act of 1978, referred to in text, is section 12 of Pub. L. 95–452 , which was set out in the Appendix to this title and was repealed and restated as section 401 of this title by Pub. L. 117–286 , §§ 3(b), 7, Dec. 27, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4207 , 4361. For definition of “appropriate congressional committees”, see Amendments Not Shown in Text note set out under section 401 of this title .

371. §3351 — Preference eligibles; transfer; physical qualifications; waiver

372. §3352 — Preference in transfers for employees making certain disclosures

373. §3361 — Promotion; competitive service; examination

374. §3362 — Promotion; effect of incentive award

375. §3363 — Preference eligibles; promotion; physical qualifications; waiver

376. §3371 — Definitions

377. §3371 — Section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act, referred to in par. (2)(C), is classified to section 5304 of Title 25 , Indians.

378. §3372 — General provisions

379. §3373 — Assignment of employees to State or local governments

380. §3374 — Assignments of employees from State or local governments

381. §3375 — Travel expenses

382. §3376 — Regulations

383. §3376 — Section 1. The Office of Personnel Management is hereby designated and empowered to exercise, without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President, the following:

384. §3381 — Training

385. §3382 — Chapter 75 of this title does not apply to a determination or action under this section. Separation under this section shall not become final, without the consent of the controller, until the last day of the second month following the day the controller receives a notification of the determination by the Secretary under this section, or, if a review is requested under section 3383 of this title , the last day of the month in which a final decision is issued by a board of review under section 3383(c) of this title , whichever is later. A controller who is to be separated under this section is entitled to training under section 3381 of this title . Separation of such a controller who elects to receive training under section 3381 shall not become final until the last day of the month following the completion of his training.

386. §3382 — Involuntary separation for retirement

387. §3383 — Determinations; review procedures

388. §3384 — Regulations

389. §3385 — Effect on other authority

390. §3391 — Definitions

391. §3392 — General appointment provisions

392. §3393 — Career appointments

393. §3394 — Noncareer and limited appointments

394. §3395 — Reassignment and transfer within the Senior Executive Service

395. §3396 — Development for and within the Senior Executive Service

396. §3397 — Regulations

397. §3401 — Definitions

398. §3401 — Section 1 of Pub. L. 95–437 provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter, amending sections 8347, 8716, 8906, and 8913 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 3407 and 8906 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Federal Employees Part-Time Career Employment Act of 1978’.”

399. §3402 — Establishment of part-time career employment programs

400. §3403 — Limitations

401. §3404 — Personnel ceilings

402. §3405 — Nonapplicability

403. §3406 — Regulations

404. §3408 — Employee organization representation

405. §3501 — Definitions; application

406. §3502 — Order of retention

407. §3502 — Section 1. The Office of Personnel Management is designated and empowered to exercise, without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President, the following:

408. §3502 — Section 10(b) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(C)(i), is classified to section 610(b) of Title 7 , Agriculture.

409. §3502 — Section 8(b) of the Soil Conservation and Allotment Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(C)(i), probably means section 8(b) of the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act, which is classified to section 590h(b) of Title 16 , Conservation.

410. §3503 — Transfer of functions

411. §3504 — Preference eligibles; retention; physical qualifications; waiver

412. §3521 — Definitions

413. §3522 — Agency plans; approval

414. §3523 — Authority to provide voluntary separation incentive payments

415. §3524 — Effect of subsequent employment with the Government

416. §3525 — Regulations

417. §3571 — Reinstatement or restoration; individuals suspended or removed for national security

418. §3581 — Definitions

419. §3582 — Rights of transferring employees

420. §3583 — Computations

421. §3584 — Regulations

422. §3584 — Section 1. Leadership and coordination . The Secretary of State shall provide leadership and coordination for the effort of the Federal Government to increase and improve its participation in international organizations through transfers and details of well-qualified Federal employees, and shall develop policies, procedures, and programs consistent with this order to advance and encourage such participation.

423. §3591 — Definitions

424. §3592 — Removal from the Senior Executive Service

425. §3593 — Reinstatement in the Senior Executive Service

426. §3594 — Guaranteed placement in other personnel systems

427. §3595 — Reduction in force in the Senior Executive Service

428. § 3595a. Furlough in the Senior Executive Service

429. §3596 — Regulations

430. §3597 — Reemployment following limited appointment in the Foreign Service

431. §3597 — Section 309 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in text, is classified to section 3949 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

432. §3598 — Federal Bureau of Investigation Reserve Service

433. §3701 — Definitions

434. §3702 — General provisions

435. §3702 — Section 209(b) of the E-Government Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 209(b) of Pub. L. 107–347 , which is set out in a note under section 3501 of Title 44 , Public Printing and Documents.

436. §3703 — Assignment of employees to private sector organizations

437. §3703 — Section 3(a)(2) of the Small Business Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(2)(A), is classified to section 632(a)(2) of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

438. §3704 — Assignment of employees from private sector organizations

439. §3704 — Section 1043 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(F), is classified to section 1043 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

440. §3705 — Application to Office of the Chief Technology Officer of the District of Columbia

441. §3706 — Reporting requirement

442. §3707 — Regulations

443. §4101 — Definitions

444. §4102 — Exceptions; Presidential authority

445. §4102 — Section 1. Except as provided in Section 2 of this Order, the Office of Personnel Management is hereby designated and empowered to exercise the authority vested in the President by Section 4102(a)(2)(B) of Title 5 , United States Code, to designate individuals appointed by the President for training under Chapter 41 of Title 5, United States Code.

446. §4102 — Section 1. The Central Intelligence Agency is hereby designated as excepted from the following-described provisions of the Government Employees Training Act [this chapter and section 1308 of this title ]:

447. §4103 — Establishment of training programs

448. §4103 — Section 1. Establishment of the President’s Task Force on Federal Training Technology . (a) The “President’s Task Force on Federal Training Technology” (Task Force) is established. The Task Force shall provide leadership regarding the effective use of technology in training and education; make training opportunities an integral part of continuing employment in the Federal Government; and facilitate the ongoing coordination of Federal activities concerning the use of technology in training. The Task Force shall consist of the heads of the following departments and agencies or their representatives: the Departments of State, the Treasury, Defense, Justice, Interior, Agriculture, Commerce, Labor, Health and Human Services, Housing and Urban Development, Transportation, Energy, and Education; the Office of Personnel Management, General Services Administration, Environmental Protection Agency, National Aeronautics and Space and Administration, Small Business Administration, and Social Security Administration; a representative from the Small Agency Council; and representatives from other relevant agencies and related Federal councils, as determined by the Chair and Vice Chair of the Task Force.

449. §4103 — Section 1. Establishment of the Program . Effective October 1, 1986 , there is established, within the Executive Exchange Program of the President’s Commission on Executive Exchange, an experimental program under which Executive agencies of the government may accept voluntary services for the United States from private sector participants in the Executive Exchange Program.

450. §4103 — Section 1. The President’s Commission on Executive Exchange is hereby abolished. The Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall be responsible for terminating the functions of the Commission, which shall be completed no later than September 30, 1991 .

451. §4103 — Section 101. (a) As used in this order, the terms “agency”, “employee”, “Government”, and “training”, have meanings given to those terms, respectively, by section 4101 of Title 5 , United States Code.

452. §4104 — Government facilities; use of

453. §4105 — Non-Government facilities; use of

454. §4107 — Academic degree training

455. §4108 — Employee agreements; service after training

456. §4109 — Expenses of training

457. §4110 — Expenses of attendance at meetings

458. §4111 — Acceptance of contributions, awards, and other payments

459. §4112 — Absorption of costs within funds available

460. §4115 — Collection of training information

461. §4116 — Training program assistance

462. §4117 — Administration

463. §4118 — Regulations

464. §4119 — Training for employees under the Office of the Architect of the Capitol and the Botanic Garden

465. §4120 — Training for employees of the Capitol Police

466. §4121 — Specific training programs

467. §4301 — Definitions

468. §4302 — Establishment of performance appraisal systems

469. §4303 — Actions based on unacceptable performance

470. §4304 — Responsibilities of the Office of Personnel Management

471. §4305 — Regulations

472. §4311 — Definitions

473. §4312 — Senior Executive Service performance appraisal systems

474. §4313 — Criteria for performance appraisals

475. §4314 — Ratings for performance appraisals

476. §4315 — Regulations

477. §4501 — Definitions

478. §4501 — Section 1. Statement of Presidential Principles.

479. §4501 — Section 205 of Pub. L. 98–615 provided that amendment by Pub. L. 98–615 was effective Oct. 1, 1984 , and applicable with respect to pay periods commencing on or after that date, with certain exceptions and qualifications.

480. §4502 — General provisions

481. §4503 — Agency awards

482. §4504 — Presidential awards

483. §4504 — Section 1. Medal established . The Medal of Freedom is hereby reestablished as the Presidential Medal of Freedom, with accompanying ribbons and appurtenances. The Presidential Medal of Freedom, hereinafter referred to as the Medal, shall be in two degrees.

484. §4504 — Section 1. There is hereby established an honorary award for the recognition of distinguished service by civilian officers and employees of the Federal Government. The award shall be known as the President’s Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service, and shall consist of a gold medal, the design of which accompanies and is hereby made a part of this order, suspended on a ribbon of appropriate material and color, and accompanying appurtenances. Each medal shall be suitably inscribed, and an appropriate citation shall accompany each award.

485. §4505 — Awards to former employees

486. § 4505a. Performance-based cash awards

487. Section 1. Assignment of Functions . The functions of the President under sections 4505a, 5305, and 5377 of title 5, United States Code, are assigned to the Director of the Office of Personnel Management.

488. §4506 — Regulations

489. §4507 — Awarding of ranks in the Senior Executive Service

490. § 4507a. Awarding of ranks to other senior career employees

491. §4508 — Limitation of awards during a Presidential election year

492. §4509 — Prohibition of cash award to Executive Schedule officers

493. §4511 — Definition and general provisions

494. §4512 — Agency awards for cost savings disclosures

495. §4513 — Presidential awards for cost savings disclosures

496. §4521 — Definition

497. §4522 — General provision

498. §4523 — Award authority

499. §4701 — Definitions

500. §4702 — Research programs

501. §4703 — Demonstration projects

502. §4704 — Allocation of funds

503. §4705 — Regulations

504. §4801 — Chapter 47 shall not apply to this chapter.

505. §4801 — Nonapplicability of chapter 47

506. §4802 — Securities and Exchange Commission

507. §5101 — Purpose

508. §5102 — Definitions; application

509. §5102 — Section 432 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (c)(6), was redesignated section 2531 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 114(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4223 , and references to section 432 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

510. §5103 — Determination of applicability

511. §5104 — Basis for grading positions

512. §5105 — Standards for classification of positions

513. §5106 — Basis for classifying positions

514. §5107 — Classification of positions

515. §5108 — Classification of positions above GS–15

516. §5109 — Positions classified by statute

517. §5109 — Section 450d of title 7 , referred to in subsec. (a), probably means section 2 of act Apr. 4, 1940, ch. 75 , which was formerly classified to section 450d of Title 7 , Agriculture, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as section 2204–2 of Title 7 .

518. §5110 — Review of classification of positions

519. §5111 — Revocation and restoration of authority to classify positions

520. §5112 — General authority of the Office of Personnel Management

521. §5113 — Classification records

522. §5115 — Regulations

523. §5115 — Section 5114, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 99–386, title I, § 110(a) , Aug. 22, 1986 , 100 Stat. 822 .

524. §5301 — Policy

525. §5301 — Section 1. Annual Adjustments to Pay Schedules . The following agencies are designated under section 5303(g) of title 5 , United States Code, as amended by FEPCA, to prescribe conversion rules for the initial adjustment of rates of pay to be applied during each annual adjustment of pay schedules under section 5303 of title 5 , United Stated Code:

526. §5301 — Section 529 [title III, § 305] of Pub. L. 101–509 provided that: “(a) Generally .— Except as otherwise provided in this Act, this Act and the amendments made by this Act [this Act means section 529 [titles I–III, §§ 1–306] of Pub. L. 101–509 , but does not include section 529 [title IV, §§ 401–412] of Pub. L. 101–509 , see Short Title of 1990 Amendment; Rules of Construction note below, and see Tables for classification] shall take effect on such date as the President shall determine [see Ex. Ord. No. 12748, Feb. 1, 1991 , 56 F.R. 4521, set out below], but not earlier than 90 days, and not later than 180 days, after the date of enactment of this Act [ Nov. 5, 1990 ]. “(b) Special Rule .— The first calendar year in which comparability payments under section 5304 of title 5 , United States Code (as amended by this Act), are paid shall be the calendar year beginning on January 1, 1994 .”

527. §5302 — Definitions

528. §5302 — Section 403 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in par. (1)(B), is classified to section 3963 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

529. §5303 — Annual adjustments to pay schedules

530. §5304 — Locality-based comparability payments

531. §5304 — Section 5302(8)(C), referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(A), was redesignated 5302(8)(B) of this title by Pub. L. 103–89, § 3(b)(1)(E)(i)(II) , Sept. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 981 .

532. §5304 — Section 8(b) of Pub. L. 102–378 provided that: “Notwithstanding section 5304 of title 5 , United States Code, for purposes of any comparability payments scheduled to take effect under such section during calendar years 1994 and 1995, respectively— “(1) the report required by subsection (d)(1) of such section may be submitted not later than 1 month before the start of the calendar year for purposes of which it is prepared; and “(2) the surveys conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics for use in preparing any such report may be other than annual surveys, and shall, to the greatest extent practicable, be completed not later than 4 months before the start of the calendar year for purposes of which the surveys are conducted.”

533. § 5304a. Authority to fix an alternative level of comparability payments

534. §5305 — Special pay authority

535. §5306 — Pay fixed by administrative action

536. §5306 — Section 166b–3a of title 40 , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(B), means section 166b–3a of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, which was transferred to section 1848 of Title 2 , The Congress.

537. §5307 — Limitation on certain payments

538. §5307 — Section 5757, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), probably means the section 5757 of this title added by Pub. L. 107–273 , relating to extended assignment incentive.

539. §5311 — Section 414(b)(2) of Pub. L. 95–454 required President to transmit by Jan. 1, 1980 , a plan to Congress for authorizing executive level positions in executive branch.

540. §5311 — The Executive Schedule

541. §5312 — Positions at level I

542. §5313 — Positions at level II

543. §5314 — Positions at level III

544. §5314 — Section 114(c) of Pub. L. 95–426 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending sections 5314 and 5315 of this title and section 2652 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 2652 of Title 22 ] shall take effect on October 1, 1978 .”

545. §5314 — Section 6(a), formerly section 6(a)(1), of Pub. L. 94–123 , as renumbered Pub. L. 96–330, title I, § 101 , Aug. 26, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1030 , provided that: “The amendments made by section 2 of this Act [enacting former section 4118 of Title 38 , Veterans’ Benefits, amending this section, section 5315 of this title , and former section 4107 of Title 38 , and enacting provisions set out as notes under former section 4118 of Title 38 ] shall become effective on October 12, 1975 .”

546. §5315 — Positions at level IV

547. §5316 — Positions at level V

548. §5316 — Section 2(e) of Pub. L. 99–619 provided that: “Subsection (c) of this section [amending this section and Reorg. Plan No. 6 of 1950, set out in the Appendix to this title] shall become effective on the day upon which the individual who is the incumbent of the position abolished by such subsection, as of the date of enactment [ Nov. 6, 1986 ], ceases to hold the position.”

549. §5317 — Presidential authority to place positions at levels IV and V

550. §5318 — Adjustments in rates of pay

551. §5331 — Definitions; application

552. §5332 — Sec. 2. Senior Executive Service . The ranges of rates of basic pay for senior executives in the Senior Executive Service, as established pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 5382 , are set forth on Schedule 4 attached hereto and made a part hereof.

553. §5332 — Sec. 3. Certain Executive, Legislative, and Judicial Salaries . The rates of basic pay or salaries for the following offices and positions are set forth on the schedules attached hereto and made a part hereof:

554. §5332 — Sec. 4. Uniformed Services . The rates of monthly basic pay ( 37 U.S.C. 203(a) ) for members of the uniformed services, as adjusted under 37 U.S.C. 1009 , and the rate of monthly cadet or midshipman pay ( 37 U.S.C. 203(c) ) are set forth on Schedule 8 attached hereto and made a part hereof.

555. §5332 — Sec. 5. Locality-Based Comparability Payments.

556. §5332 — Sec. 6. Administrative Law Judges . Pursuant to section 5372 of title 5 , United States Code, the rates of basic pay for administrative law judges are set forth on Schedule 10 attached hereto and made a part hereof.

557. §5332 — Sec. 7. Effective Dates . Schedule 8 is effective January 1, 2025 . The other schedules contained herein are effective on the first day of the first applicable pay period beginning on or after January 1, 2025 .

558. §5332 — Sec. 8. Prior Order Superseded . Executive Order 14113 of December 21, 2023 (Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay), is superseded as of the effective dates specified in section 7 of this order.

559. §5332 — Section 1. Statutory Pay Systems . The rates of basic pay or salaries of the statutory pay systems (as defined in 5 U.S.C. 5302(1) ), as adjusted under 5 U.S.C. 5303 , are set forth on the schedules attached hereto and made a part hereof:

560. §5332 — Section 1112 of the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2013 ( Public Law 113–6 ), reflects the Congress’s decision to continue to deny statutory adjustments to any pay systems or pay schedules covering executive branch employees. In light of the Congress’s action, I am instructing heads of executive departments and agencies to continue through December 31, 2013 , to adhere to the policy set forth in my memoranda of December 22, 2010 , and December 21, 2012 , regarding general increases in pay schedules and employees’ rates of pay that might otherwise take effect as a result of the exercise of administrative discretion.

561. §5332 — The General Schedule

562. §5332 — part ii—rate of monthly cadet or midshipman pay

563. §5332 — part i—monthly basic pay

564. Section 456(d) of H.R. 8998, from the 118th Congress, as passed by the House of Representatives on July 24, 2024 , which was enacted into law by Pub. L. 119–4, div. A, title VIII, § 1807 , Mar. 15, 2025 , 139 Stat. 30 , provided that: “The amendments made by this section [enacting this section, amending section 5343 of this title , and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 6592 of Title 16 , Conservation] shall take effect on the first day of the first applicable pay period beginning on or after either October 1, 2024 or the date of enactment of this Act [ Mar. 15, 2025 ], whichever is later.”

565. § 5332a. Special base rates of pay for wildland firefighters

566. §5333 — Minimum rate for new appointments

567. §5334 — Rate on change of position or type of appointment; regulations

568. §5335 — Periodic step-increases

569. §5335 — Title VII (sections 701–705) of the Act of Oct. 28, 1949, ch. 782 , 63 Stat. 967–969 , as amended by the following Acts is omitted from the derivation and repealed (see Table II) as superseded by the Act of Oct. 11, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–793, § 603 , 76 Stat. 847 , which is carried into this section and section 5336:

570. §5336 — Additional step-increases

571. §5338 — Regulations

572. §5341 — Policy

573. §5342 — Definitions; application

574. §5343 — Prevailing rate determinations; wage schedules; night differentials

575. §5343 — Section 1242(b) of Pub. L. 99–145 provided that: “The rate of pay payable to a prevailing rate employee employed by the Department of Defense on the day before the date of enactment of this Act [ Nov. 8, 1985 ] may not be reduced by reason of the amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section].”

576. §5344 — Effective date of wage increase; retroactive pay

577. §5346 — Job grading system

578. §5347 — Federal Prevailing Rate Advisory Committee

579. §5348 — Crews of vessels

580. §5349 — Prevailing rate employees; legislative, judicial, Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and government of the District of Columbia

581. §5351 — Definitions

582. §5352 — Stipends

583. §5353 — Quarters, subsistence, and laundry

584. §5354 — Effect of detail or affiliation; travel expenses

585. §5355 — Effect on other statutes

586. §5356 — Appropriations

587. §5361 — Definitions

588. §5362 — Grade retention following a change of positions or reclassification

589. §5362 — Section 205 of Pub. L. 98–615 provided that amendment by Pub. L. 98–615 was effective Oct. 1, 1984 , and applicable with respect to pay periods commencing on or after that date, with certain exceptions and qualifications.

590. §5363 — Pay retention

591. §5364 — Remedial actions

592. §5365 — Regulations

593. §5366 — Appeals

594. §5371 — Health care positions

595. §5372 — Administrative law judges

596. § 5372a. Contract appeals board members

597. § 5372b. Administrative appeals judges

598. §5373 — Limitation on pay fixed by administrative action

599. §5373 — Section 206 of the Bank Conservation Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is classified to section 206 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

600. §5373 — Section 2A(i) of the Home Owners’ Loan Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), probably should be a reference to section 3(g) of the Home Owners’ Loan Act, act June 13, 1933, ch. 64 , as amended by Pub. L. 101–73, title III, § 301 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 278 , which was classified to section 1462a(g) of Title 12 , Banks and Banking, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 111–203, title III, § 369(3)(B) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1558 .

601. §5374 — Miscellaneous positions in the executive branch

602. §5374 — Section 305 of the Government Employees Salary Reform Act of 1964, referred to in text, means section 305 of Pub. L. 88–426 , Aug. 14, 1964 . For complete classification of this section to the Code, see Tables.

603. §5375 — Police force of the National Zoological Park

604. §5376 — Pay for certain senior-level positions

605. §5377 — Pay authority for critical positions

606. §5378 — Police forces of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing and the United States Mint

607. §5379 — Student loan repayments

608. §5381 — Definitions

609. §5382 — Establishment of rates of pay for the Senior Executive Service

610. §5383 — Setting individual senior executive pay

611. §5384 — Performance awards in the Senior Executive Service

612. §5384 — Section 306(c) of S. 2939, Ninety-seventh Congress, 2nd Session, as reported Sept. 22, 1982 , and incorporated by reference in Pub. L. 97–276, § 101(e) , Oct. 2, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1189 , to be effective as if enacted into law, provided that: “None of the funds appropriated by this Act or any other Act shall be used by any agency to pay performance awards in fiscal year 1983 under section 5384 of title 5 , United States Code, or any comparable personnel system established on or after October 13, 1978 , to more than 20 per centum of the number of Senior Executive Service or comparable personnel system positions in such agency: Provided , That an agency with less than five Senior Executive Service employees or equivalent positions may grant one such performance award.”

613. §5385 — Regulations

614. §5391 — Definitions

615. §5392 — Establishment of special occupational pay systems

616. §5401 — Purpose

617. §5402 — Definitions

618. §5403 — Human Capital Performance Fund

619. §5404 — Human capital performance payments

620. §5405 — Regulations

621. §5406 — Agency plan

622. §5406 — Section 1303(d) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 1303(d) of Pub. L. 107–296 , which is set out as a note under section 1401 of this title .

623. §5407 — Nature of payment

624. §5408 — Appropriations

625. §5408 — Section 5408, added Pub. L. 98–615, title II, § 201(a) , Nov. 8, 1984 , 98 Stat. 3214 , required annual reports by Office of Personnel Management.

626. §5408 — Section 5409, added Pub. L. 98–615, title II, § 201(a) , Nov. 8, 1984 , 98 Stat. 3214 , directed Office of Personnel Management to prescribe regulations.

627. §5408 — Section 5410, added Pub. L. 98–615, title II, § 201(a) , Nov. 8, 1984 , 98 Stat. 3214 ; amended Pub. L. 101–103, § 2 , Sept. 30, 1989 , 103 Stat. 670 ; Pub. L. 102–22, § 2(c) , Mar. 28, 1991 , 105 Stat. 71 ; Pub. L. 103–89, § 2 , Sept. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 981 , related to termination of chapter and accompanying regulations.

628. §5501 — Disposition of money accruing from lapsed salaries or unused appropriations for salaries

629. §5502 — Unauthorized office; prohibition on use of funds

630. §5503 — Recess appointments

631. §5504 — Biweekly pay periods; computation of pay

632. §5505 — Monthly pay periods; computation of pay

633. §5506 — Computation of extra pay based on standard or daylight saving time

634. §5507 — Officer affidavit; condition to pay

635. §5508 — Officer entitled to leave; effect on pay status

636. §5509 — Appropriations

637. §5511 — Withholding pay; employees removed for cause

638. §5512 — Withholding pay; individuals in arrears

639. §5513 — Withholding pay; credit disallowed or charge raised for payment

640. §5514 — Installment deduction for indebtedness to the United States

641. §5515 — Crediting amounts received for jury or witness service

642. §5516 — Section 2(c) “(z)” of the Act of Mar. 31, 1956 , 70 Stat. 68 ( section 1551c(z) of title 47 , District of Columbia Code) contains a definition of “employee” that is applicable to this section. Accordingly, the last sentence of subsection (a) is added to preserve the application of the source law.

643. §5516 — Withholding District of Columbia income taxes

644. §5517 — Section 1462(b) of Pub. L. 105–34 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on January 1, 1998 .”

645. §5517 — Withholding State income taxes

646. §5518 — Deductions for State retirement systems; National Guard employees

647. §5518 — Section 1. As used in this order, the term:

648. §5519 — Crediting amounts received for certain Reserve or National Guard service

649. §5520 — Section 1. Whenever the Secretary of the Treasury enters into an agreement pursuant to Sections 5516, 5517 or 5520 of Title 5 of the United States Code, with the District of Columbia, a State, a city or a county, as the case may be, with regard to the withholding, by an agency of the United States, hereinafter referred to as an agency, of income or employment taxes from the pay of Federal employees or members of the Armed Forces, the Secretary of the Treasury shall ensure that each agreement is consistent with those sections and regulations, including this Order, issued thereunder.

650. §5520 — Withholding of city or county income or employment taxes

651. § 5520a. Garnishment of pay

652. Section 1. The Office of Personnel Management, in consultation with the Attorney General, is designated to promulgate regulations for the implementation of section 5520a of title 5 , United States Code, with respect to civilian employees and agencies in the executive branch, except as provided in section 2 of this order.

653. §5521 — Definitions

654. §5522 — Advance payments; rates; amounts recoverable

655. §5523 — Duration of payments; rates; active service period

656. §5524 — Review of accounts

657. § 5524a. Advance payments for new appointees and employees relocating within the United States and its territories

658. §5525 — Allotment and assignment of pay

659. §5526 — Funds available on reimbursable basis

660. §5527 — Regulations

661. §5527 — Section 1. As used in this order:

662. §5531 — Definitions

663. §5533 — Dual pay from more than one position; limitations; exceptions

664. §5534 — Dual employment and pay of Reserves and National Guardsmen

665. § 5534a. Dual employment and pay during terminal leave from uniformed services

666. §5535 — Extra pay for details prohibited

667. §5536 — Extra pay for extra services prohibited

668. §5537 — Fees for jury and witness service

669. §5538 — Nonreduction in pay while serving in the uniformed services or National Guard

670. §5541 — Definitions

671. §5541 — Section 1291(a) of title 50 , appendix, referred to in par. (2)(C)(ix), is section 1(a) of act Mar. 24, 1943, ch. 26 , 57 Stat. 45 , which was classified to section 1291(a) of the former Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to editorial reclassification as section 4701(a) of Title 50 .

672. §5541 — Section 412(a)(2) of Pub. L. 95–105 provided that: “The amendments made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1978 .”

673. §5542 — Overtime rates; computation

674. §5542 — Section 37(a)(3) of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956, referred to in subsec. (e), is classified to section 2709(a)(3) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

675. §5542 — Section 7 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, referred to in subsec. (c), is classified to section 207 of Title 29 , Labor.

676. §5543 — Compensatory time off

677. §5543 — Section 7 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (b), is classified to section 207 of Title 29 , Labor.

678. §5544 — Section 457(d) of H.R. 8998, from the 118th Congress, as passed by the House of Representatives on July 24, 2024 , which was enacted into law by Pub. L. 119–4, div. A, title VIII, § 1807 , Mar. 15, 2025 , 139 Stat. 30 , provided that: “The amendments made by this section [enacting section 5545c of this title and amending this section and section 5547 of this title ] shall take effect on the first day of the first applicable pay period beginning on or after either October 1, 2024 or the date of enactment of this Act [ Mar. 15, 2025 ], whichever is later.”

679. §5544 — Section 7 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 207 of Title 29 , Labor.

680. §5544 — Wage-board overtime, Sunday rates, and other premium pay

681. §5545 — Night, standby, irregular, and hazardous duty differential

682. § 5545a. Availability pay for criminal investigators

683. Section 5545(c) shall not apply to any criminal investigator who is paid availability pay under this section.

684. Title II of Public Law 99–399 , referred to in subsecs. (a)(2) and (k)(1), is title II of Pub. L. 99–399 , Aug. 27, 1986 , 100 Stat. 858 , which is classified generally to subchapter II (§ 4821 et seq.) of chapter 58 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4801 of Title 22 and Tables.

685. § 5545b. Pay for firefighters

686. Section 7(k) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is classified to section 207(k) of Title 29 , Labor.

687. § 5545c. Incident response premium pay for employees engaged in wildland firefighting

688. §5546 — Pay for Sunday and holiday work

689. § 5546a. Differential pay for certain employees of the Federal Aviation Administration and the Department of Defense

690. §5547 — Limitation on premium pay

691. §5548 — Regulations

692. §5549 — Effect on other statutes

693. §5549 — Section 10703 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002, referred to in par. (1), is section 10703 of Pub. L. 107–171 , which enacted section 2219a of Title 7 , Agriculture, amended this section and sections 468 and 695 of Title 21, Food and Drugs, and repealed section 394 of Title 7 .

694. §5549 — Section 1451a of title 19 , referred to in par. (3), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–66, title XIII, § 13811(b)(1) , Aug. 10, 1993 , 107 Stat. 670 .

695. §5549 — Section 261 of title 19 , referred to in par. (3), was omitted from the Code in the general revision of section 5 of act Feb. 13, 1911, ch. 46 , by Pub. L. 103–66, title XIII, § 13811(a) , Aug. 10, 1993 , 107 Stat. 668 .

696. §5550 — Border patrol rate of pay

697. §5550 — Section 2(e) of the Border Patrol Agent Pay Reform Act of 2014, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(D)(iv), (E)(ii), is section 2(e) of Pub. L. 113–277 , Dec. 18, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3003 , which related to comprehensive staffing analysis and is not classified to the Code.

698. § 5550a. Compensatory time off for religious observances

699. § 5550b. Compensatory time off for travel

700. §5551 — Lump-sum payment for accumulated and accrued leave on separation

701. §5552 — Lump-sum payment for accumulated and accrued leave on entering active duty; election

702. §5553 — Regulations

703. §5561 — Definitions

704. §5562 — Pay and allowances; continuance while in a missing status; limitations

705. §5563 — Allotments; continuance, suspension, initiation, resumption, or increase while in a missing status; limitations

706. §5564 — Section 507 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (i)(2), was redesignated section 2710 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 116(b)(2) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4226 , and references to section 507 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

707. §5564 — Travel and transportation; dependents; household and personal effects; motor vehicles; sale of bulky items; claims for proceeds; appropriation chargeable

708. §5565 — Agency review

709. §5566 — Agency determinations

710. §5567 — Settlement of accounts

711. §5568 — Income tax deferment

712. §5569 — Benefits for captives

713. §5569 — Section 1. The functions vested in the President by that part of section 803(a) of the Act to be codified at 5 U.S.C. 5569 are delegated to the Secretary of State.

714. §5569 — Section 802 of the Victims of Terrorism Compensation Act [ Pub. L. 99–399 ], referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is set out as a note below.

715. §5570 — Compensation for disability or death

716. §5581 — Definitions

717. §5581 — Section 36a of title 2 , referred to in par. (1)(iv), was editorially reclassified as section 4592 of Title 2 , The Congress.

718. §5581 — Section 5344 of this title , referred to in par. (2)(I), was amended generally by Pub. L. 92–392 and provisions relating to retroactive pay formerly contained in section 5344(a)(2) are contained in section 5344(b)(2).

719. §5582 — Designation of beneficiary; order of precedence

720. §5583 — Payment of money due; settlement of accounts

721. §5584 — Claims for overpayment of pay and allowances, and of travel, transportation and relocation expenses and allowances

722. §5595 — Section 3(a) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(iii), is classified to section 3602(a) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

723. §5595 — Section 609(b)(1) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(vi), is classified to section 4009(b)(1) of Title 22 .

724. §5595 — Severance pay

725. §5596 — Back pay due to unjustified personnel action

726. §5596 — Section 6621(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B)(ii), is classified to section 6621(a)(1) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

727. §5597 — Section 4(a) of the Federal Workforce Restructuring Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (h)(1)(B), (3)(B), is section 4(a) of Pub. L. 103–226 , which is set out as a note under section 8331 of this title .

728. §5597 — Separation pay

729. §5701 — Definitions

730. §5701 — Section 5707(d) of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title XVI, § 1614(a)(1) , Sept. 23, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2739 .

731. §5702 — Per diem; employees traveling on official business

732. §5702 — Section 1. Section 1 of Executive Order No. 10621 of July 1, 1955 , as amended [ 3 U.S.C. 301 note], is further amended by redesignating the current subsection (i) as subsection (g); by revoking the current subsection ( o ); and by adding the following new subsection (h):

733. §5703 — Per diem, travel, and transportation expenses; experts and consultants; individuals serving without pay

734. §5704 — Mileage and related allowances

735. §5705 — Advancements and deductions

736. §5706 — Allowable travel expenses

737. § 5706a. Subsistence and travel expenses for threatened law enforcement personnel

738. § 5706b. Interview expenses

739. § 5706c. Reimbursement for taxes incurred on money received for travel expenses

740. §5707 — Regulations and reports

741. § 5707a. Adherence to fire safety guidelines in establishing rates and discounts for lodging expenses

742. §5708 — Effect on other statutes

743. §5709 — Air evacuation patients: furnished subsistence

744. §5710 — Authority for travel expenses test programs

745. §5711 — Authority for telework travel expenses programs

746. §5721 — Definitions

747. §5721 — Section 3(a) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979, referred to in par. (6), is classified to section 3602(a) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

748. §5722 — Travel and transportation expenses of new appointees; posts of duty outside the continental United States

749. §5723 — Section 3 of the Presidential Transition Act of 1963, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (c), is section 3 of Pub. L. 88–277 , which is set out as a note under section 102 of Title 3 , The President.

750. §5723 — Travel and transportation expenses of new appointees and student trainees

751. §5724 — Section 4103 of title 38 , referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 102–40, title IV, § 401(a)(3) , May 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 210 . See section 7306 of Title 38 , Veterans’ Benefits.

752. §5724 — Travel and transportation expenses of employees transferred; advancement of funds; reimbursement on commuted basis

753. § 5724a. Relocation expenses of employees transferred or reemployed

754. § 5724b. Taxes on reimbursements for travel, transportation, and relocation expenses

755. § 5724c. Relocation services

756. § 5724d. Transportation and moving expenses for immediate family of certain deceased Federal employees

757. §5725 — Transportation expenses; employees assigned to danger areas

758. §5726 — Storage expenses; household goods and personal effects

759. §5727 — Section 403e of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (f)(2), was editorially reclassified to section 3505 of Title 50 , War and National Defense.

760. §5727 — Transportation of motor vehicles

761. §5728 — Travel and transportation expenses; vacation leave

762. §5729 — Transportation expenses; prior return of family

763. §5730 — Funds available

764. §5731 — Expenses limited to lowest first-class rate

765. §5732 — General average contribution; payment or reimbursement

766. §5732 — Section 1. Definitions . As used in these regulations:

767. §5733 — Expeditious travel

768. §5734 — Travel, transportation, and relocation expenses of employees transferred from the Postal Service

769. §5735 — Travel, transportation, and relocation expenses of employees transferring to the United States Postal Service

770. §5736 — Travel, transportation, and relocation expenses of certain nonappropriated fund employees

771. §5737 — Relocation expenses of an employee who is performing an extended assignment

772. § 5737a. Employees temporarily deployed in contingency operations

773. §5738 — Regulations

774. §5739 — Authority for relocation expenses test programs

775. §5741 — General prohibition

776. §5742 — Section 101 of title 10 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B)(ii)(I)(bb), was subsequently amended, and the term “contingency operation” is now defined in section 101(a)(13) of title 10 .

777. §5742 — Transportation of remains, dependents, and effects; death occurring away from official station or abroad

778. §5751 — Travel expenses of witnesses

779. §5752 — Travel expenses of Senior Executive Service candidates

780. §5753 — Recruitment and relocation bonuses

781. §5754 — Retention bonuses

782. §5755 — Supervisory differentials

783. §5756 — Home marketing incentive payment

784. §5757 — Payment of expenses to obtain professional credentials

785. §5759 — Retention and relocation bonuses for the Federal Bureau of Investigation

786. §5760 — Travel and transportation allowances: transportation of family members incident to the repatriation of employees held captive

787. §5761 — Foreign language proficiency pay awards for the Federal Bureau of Investigation

788. §5901 — Uniform allowances

789. §5902 — Increase in maximum uniform allowance

790. §5903 — Regulations

791. §5911 — Quarters and facilities; employees in the United States

792. §5912 — Quarters in Government owned or rented buildings; employees in foreign countries

793. §5913 — Official residence expenses

794. §5921 — Definitions

795. §5921 — Section 1. The Secretary of State is hereby designated and empowered to perform the following-described functions without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President:

796. §5921 — Section 101. The term “employee”, as defined in 5 U.S.C. 5921(3) , is hereby further defined as including civilian employees, compensated from non-appropriated funds, of the instrumentalities of the United States under the jurisdiction of the armed forces covered by 5 U.S.C. 2105(c) .

797. §5922 — General provisions

798. §5923 — Quarters allowances

799. §5924 — Cost-of-living allowances

800. §5925 — Post differentials

801. §5926 — Compensatory time off at certain posts in foreign areas

802. §5927 — Advances of pay

803. §5928 — Danger pay allowance

804. §5941 — Allowances based on living costs and conditions of environment; employees stationed outside continental United States or in Alaska

805. §5941 — Section 101. Definitions . As used in this Part, (a) the words “foreign areas” mean all areas exclusive of (1) the forty-eight states of the United States, (2) the District of Columbia, and (3) non-foreign areas as defined in section 201 of this order, and (b) the words “section 207 of the Act” mean section 207 of the Independent Offices Appropriation Act, 1949, approved April 20, 1948 , Public Law 491, 80th Congress, as amended by section 104 of the Supplemental Independent Offices Appropriation Act, 1949, approved June 30, 1948 , Public Law 862, 80th Congress.

806. §5941 — Section 1914 of the Non-Foreign Area Retirement Equity Assurance Act of 2009, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B), (2)(A), is section 1914 of Pub. L. 111–84 , which is set out in a Non-Foreign Area Retirement Equity Assurance note under section 5304 of this title .

807. §5942 — Allowance based on duty at remote worksites

808. § 5942a. Separate maintenance allowance for duty at Johnston Island

809. §5943 — Foreign currency appreciation allowances

810. §5945 — Notary public commission expenses

811. §5946 — Membership fees; expenses of attendance at meetings; limitations

812. §5947 — Quarters, subsistence, and allowances for employees of the Corps of Engineers, Department of the Army, engaged in floating plant operations

813. §5948 — Physicians comparability allowances

814. §5948 — Section 1202 of the Panama Canal Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(G), is classified to section 3642 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

815. §5948 — Section 2 of the Act of May 29, 1959 ( Public Law 86–36 , as amended, 50 U.S.C. 402 note), referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(H), was formerly set out in a note under section 402 of Title 50 , War and National Defense, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title XVI, § 1633(b)(1) , Sept. 23, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2751 . Another section 2 of Pub. L. 86–36 was added by Pub. L. 111–259, title IV, § 433 , Oct. 7, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2732 , and has been editorially reclassified as section 3602 of Title 50 .

816. §5948 — Section 205 of Pub. L. 98–615 provided that amendment by Pub. L. 98–615 was effective Oct. 1, 1984 , and applicable with respect to pay periods commencing on or after that date, with certain exceptions and qualifications.

817. §5948 — Section 3 of Pub. L. 95–603 , as amended by Pub. L. 96–166, § 4 , Dec. 29, 1979 , 93 Stat. 1273 ; Pub. L. 97–141, § 3 , Dec. 29, 1981 , 95 Stat. 1719 ; Pub. L. 98–168, title I, § 102(b) , Nov. 29, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1105 ; Pub. L. 100–140, § 1(c) , as added Pub. L. 103–114, § 1(b)(1) , Oct. 26, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1115 ; Pub. L. 101–420, § 1(b) , as added Pub. L. 103–114, § 1(b)(2)(B) , Oct. 26, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1115 ; Pub. L. 103–114, § 1(a)(2) , Oct. 26, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1115 ; Pub. L. 105–61, title V, § 517(b) , Oct. 10, 1997 , 111 Stat. 1307 ; Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(1) [title II, § 218(b)] , Dec. 21, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2763 , 2763A–28, which provided that this section would be repealed, unless specifically extended by Act of Congress, effective on Sept. 30, 2007 , was repealed by Pub. L. 106–571, § 2(a)(2) , Dec. 28, 2000 , 114 Stat. 3054 .

818. §5948 — Section 517(c) of Pub. L. 105–61 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and provisions set out as a note under this section] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [ Oct. 10, 1997 ].”

819. §5949 — Hostile fire pay

820. §6101 — Basic 40-hour workweek; work schedules; regulations

821. §6103 — Holidays

822. §6103 — Section 1. Except as provided in section 7, this order shall apply to all executive departments, independent agencies, and Government corporations, including their field services.

823. §6103 — Section 6309 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 94–183, § 2(26) , Dec. 31, 1975 , 89 Stat. 1058 .

824. §6104 — Holidays; daily, hourly, and piece-work basis employees

825. §6105 — Closing of Executive departments

826. §6106 — Time clocks; restrictions

827. §6120 — Purpose

828. §6120 — Section 1. Right to Request Work Schedule Flexibilities . (a) Agencies shall make Federal employees aware, on a periodic basis, that they have the right to request work schedule flexibilities available to them under law, pursuant to an applicable collective bargaining agreement, or under agency policy, without fear of retaliation or adverse employment action as a consequence of making such a request.

829. §6121 — Definitions

830. §6122 — Flexible schedules; agencies authorized to use

831. §6123 — Flexible schedules; computation of premium pay

832. §6124 — Flexible schedules; holidays

833. §6125 — Flexible schedules; time-recording devices

834. §6126 — Flexible schedules; credit hours; accumulation and compensation

835. §6127 — Compressed schedules; agencies authorized to use

836. §6128 — Compressed schedules; computation of premium pay

837. §6129 — Administration of leave and retirement provisions

838. §6130 — Application of programs in the case of collective bargaining agreements

839. §6131 — Criteria and review

840. §6132 — Prohibition of coercion

841. §6133 — Regulations; technical assistance; program review

842. §6301 — Definitions

843. §6301 — Section 102(a)(3) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in par. (2)(xii), was redesignated section 102(3) of that Act by Pub. L. 98–164 , which struck out the designation “(a)” and struck out subsec. (b) of section 102. Section 102 is classified to section 3902 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

844. §6301 — Section 312 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in text, is classified to section 3952 of Title 22 .

845. §6302 — General provisions

846. §6303 — Annual leave; accrual

847. §6304 — Annual leave; accumulation

848. §6304 — Section 112(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (d)(4)(B)(ii), is classified to section 112(c)(2) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

849. §6305 — Home leave; leave for Chiefs of Missions; leave for crews of vessels

850. §6306 — Annual leave; refund of lump-sum payment; recredit of annual leave

851. §6307 — Sick leave; accrual and accumulation

852. §6308 — Transfers between positions under different leave systems

853. §6310 — Leave of absence; aliens

854. §6311 — Regulations

855. §6312 — Accrual and accumulation for former ASCS county office and nonappropriated fund employees

856. §6312 — Section 10(b) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is classified to section 610(b) of Title 7 , Agriculture.

857. §6312 — Section 8(b) of the Soil Conservation and Allotment Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), probably means section 8(b) of the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act, which is classified to section 590h(b) of Title 16 , Conservation.

858. §6321 — Absence of veterans to attend funeral services

859. §6322 — Leave for jury or witness service; official duty status for certain witness service

860. §6323 — Military leave: Reserves, National Guard members, and certain members of the Space Force

861. §6323 — Section 8401(30) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), was amended generally by Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 522(c)(2) , Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 597 , and, as so amended, no longer describes military reserve technicians.

862. §6324 — Absence of certain police and firemen

863. §6325 — Absence resulting from hostile action abroad

864. §6325 — Section 408 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in text, is classified to section 3968 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

865. §6326 — Absence in connection with funerals of immediate relatives in the Armed Forces

866. §6326 — Section 112 of the Internal Revenue Code, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 112 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

867. §6327 — Absence in connection with serving as a bone-marrow or organ donor

868. §6328 — Absence in connection with funerals of fellow Federal law enforcement officers

869. §6328 — Section 642 of Pub. L. 103–329 , which directed that this section be added “following the word ‘Forces’ in section 6326” was executed by adding the section after section 6327, as added by section 629(a)(1) of Pub. L. 103–329 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

870. §6329 — Disabled veteran leave

871. § 6329a. Administrative leave

872. § 6329b. Investigative leave and notice leave

873. § 6329c. Weather and safety leave

874. § 6329d. Parental bereavement leave

875. §6331 — Definitions

876. §6332 — General authority

877. §6333 — Receipt and use of transferred leave

878. §6334 — Donations of leave

879. §6335 — Termination of medical emergency

880. §6336 — Restoration of transferred leave

881. §6337 — Accrual of leave

882. §6338 — Prohibition of coercion

883. §6339 — Additional leave transfer programs

884. §6340 — Inapplicability of certain provisions

885. §6361 — Definitions

886. §6362 — General authority

887. §6363 — Establishment of leave banks

888. §6364 — Establishment of Leave Bank Boards

889. §6365 — Contributions of annual leave

890. §6366 — Eligibility for leave recipients

891. §6367 — Receipt and use of leave from a leave bank

892. §6368 — Termination of medical emergency

893. §6369 — Restoration of transferred leave

894. §6370 — Prohibition of coercion

895. §6371 — Accrual of leave

896. §6372 — Additional leave bank programs

897. §6373 — Authority to participate in both programs

898. §6381 — Definitions

899. §6382 — Leave requirement

900. §6383 — Certification

901. §6384 — Employment and benefits protection

902. §6385 — Prohibition of coercion

903. §6386 — Health insurance

904. §6387 — Regulations

905. §6391 — Authority for leave transfer program in disasters and emergencies

906. §6391 — Section 1. (a) The Director of the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) is hereby authorized to exercise the function vested in the President by section 6391 of title 5 , United States Code, of directing OPM to establish an emergency leave transfer program. The Director of OPM shall exercise this authority in consultation with the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.

907. §6501 — Definitions

908. §6502 — Executive agencies telework requirement

909. §6503 — Training and monitoring

910. §6504 — Policy and support

911. §6505 — Telework Managing Officer

912. §6506 — Reports

913. §7101 — Findings and purpose

914. §7101 — Section 1. Policy . (a) Each employee of the executive branch of the Federal Government has the right, freely and without fear of penalty or reprisal, to form, join, and assist a labor organization or to refrain from any such activity, and each employee shall be protected in the exercise of this right. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Order, the right to assist a labor organization extends to participation in the management of the organization and acting for the organization in the capacity of an organization representative, including presentation of its views to officials of the executive branch, the Congress, or other appropriate authority. The head of each agency shall take the action required to assure that employees in the agency are apprised of their rights under this section and that no interference, restraint, coercion, or discrimination is practiced within his agency to encourage or discourage membership in a labor organization.

915. §7102 — Employees’ rights

916. §7103 — Definitions; application

917. §7103 — Sec. 1–215. National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA), Department of Defense.

918. §7103 — Section 1. Determinations . The agencies and subdivisions of the Department of Defense set forth in section 2 of this order are hereby determined to have as a primary function intelligence, counterintelligence, investigative, or national security work. It is further determined that chapter 71 of title 5, United States Code, cannot be applied to these subdivisions in a manner consistent with national security requirements and considerations.

919. §7103 — Section 1. Determinations . The agencies or subdivisions thereof set forth in Section 3 of this Order are hereby determined to have as a primary function intelligence, counterintelligence, investigative, or national security work. It is also hereby determined that Chapter 71 of Title 5 of the United States Code cannot be applied to these agencies or subdivisions in a manner consistent with national security requirements and considerations. These agencies or subdivisions thereof are hereby excluded from coverage under Chapter 71 of Title 5 of the United States Code.

920. §7103 — Section 1. Determinations . The subdivisions of the Department of Justice set forth in section 2 of this order are hereby determined to have as a primary function intelligence, counterintelligence, investigative, or national security work. It is further determined that chapter 71 of title 5, United States Code, cannot be applied to these subdivisions in a manner consistent with national security requirements and considerations.

921. §7103 — Section 1. Suspensions . With regard to United States citizen employees of the Department of Defense, including the Military Departments, who are employed outside the United States as defined in 5 U.S.C. 7103(a)(18) , with the exception of those employed in the Republic of Panama:

922. §7104 — Federal Labor Relations Authority

923. §7105 — Powers and duties of the Authority

924. §7106 — Management rights

925. §7111 — Exclusive recognition of labor organizations

926. §7112 — Determination of appropriate units for labor organization representation

927. §7113 — National consultation rights

928. §7114 — Representation rights and duties

929. §7115 — Allotments to representatives

930. §7116 — Unfair labor practices

931. §7117 — Duty to bargain in good faith; compelling need; duty to consult

932. §7118 — Prevention of unfair labor practices

933. §7119 — Negotiation impasses; Federal Service Impasses Panel

934. §7119 — Section 1. Delegation of Removal Authority . (a) The Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA) is delegated the authority under 5 U.S.C. 7119(c)(3) to remove the Chairman and any other member of the Federal Service Impasses Panel (FSIP) appointed by the President under 5 U.S.C. 7119(c)(2) .

935. §7120 — Standards of conduct for labor organizations

936. §7121 — Grievance procedures

937. §7122 — Exceptions to arbitral awards

938. §7123 — Judicial review; enforcement

939. §7131 — Official time

940. §7132 — Subpenas

941. §7133 — Compilation and publication of data

942. §7134 — Regulations

943. §7135 — Continuation of existing laws, recognitions, agreements, and procedures

944. §7201 — Antidiscrimination policy; minority recruitment program

945. §7202 — Marital status

946. §7203 — Handicapping condition

947. §7204 — Other prohibitions

948. §7211 — Employees’ right to petition Congress

949. §7301 — Presidential regulations

950. §7301 — Section 1. Designation of a Liaison for Volunteer Community Service . (a) The head of each agency shall, within 20 days after the date of this order, designate an officer or employee of such agency compensated at a level at or above the minimum level of pay of a member of the Senior Executive Service to serve under the authority of the head of the agency as the agency liaison for volunteer community service (Liaison).

951. §7301 — Section 1. Drug-Free Workplace . (a) Federal employees are required to refrain from the use of illegal drugs.

952. §7301 — Section 1. Policy . (a) When agencies conduct fitness determinations, prior favorable fitness or suitability determinations shall be granted reciprocal recognition, to the extent practicable.

953. §7301 — Section 1. Policy . It is the policy of the executive branch to establish a smoke-free environment for Federal employees and members of the public visiting or using Federal facilities. The smoking of tobacco products is thus prohibited in all interior space owned, rented, or leased by the executive branch of the Federal Government, and in any outdoor areas under executive branch control in front of air intake ducts.

954. §7301 — Section 101. Principles of Ethical Conduct . To ensure that every citizen can have complete confidence in the integrity of the Federal Government, each Federal employee shall respect and adhere to the fundamental principles of ethical service as implemented in regulations promulgated under sections 201 and 301 of this order:

955. §7302 — Post-employment notification

956. §7311 — Loyalty and striking

957. §7311 — Section 1. Section 12 of Executive Order No. 10450 of April 27, 1953 , as amended [set out as a note under this section], is revised to read in its entirety as follows:

958. §7312 — Employment and clearance; individuals removed for national security

959. §7313 — Riots and civil disorders

960. §7321 — Political participation

961. §7322 — Definitions

962. §7323 — Political activity authorized; prohibitions

963. §7324 — Political activities on duty; prohibition

964. §7325 — Political activity permitted; employees residing in certain municipalities

965. §7326 — Penalties

966. §7342 — Receipt and disposition of foreign gifts and decorations

967. §7342 — Section 108A of the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961, referred to in subsec. (k), is classified to section 2458a of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

968. §7342 — Section 152 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(G), is classified to section 152 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

969. §7342 — Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), is classified to section 501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

970. §7351 — Gifts to superiors

971. §7352 — Excessive and habitual use of intoxicants

972. §7353 — Gifts to Federal employees

973. §7361 — Drug abuse

974. §7361 — Section 527 1 1 See References in Text note below. of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 290ee–3 ), relating to confidentiality of records, and any regulations prescribed thereunder, shall apply with respect to records maintained for the purpose of carrying out this section.

975. §7361 — Section 527 of the Public Health Service Act, referred to in subsec. (b) and formerly classified to section 290ee–3 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, was renumbered section 548 of that Act by Pub. L. 100–77, title VI, § 611(2) , July 22, 1987 , 101 Stat. 516 and then omitted in the general revision of Part D of Subchapter III–A of Chapter 6A of Title 42 by Pub. L. 102–321, title I, § 131 , July 10, 1992 , 106 Stat. 366 . Provisions relating to the confidentiality of patient records are now classified to section 290dd–2 of Title 42 .

976. §7362 — Alcohol abuse and alcoholism

977. §7362 — Section 523 1 1 See References in Text note below. of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 290dd–3 ), relating to confidentiality of records, and any regulations prescribed thereunder, shall apply with respect to records maintained for the purpose of carrying out this section.

978. §7362 — Section 523 of the Public Health Service Act, referred to in subsec. (b) and formerly classified to section 290dd–3 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, was renumbered section 544 of that Act by Pub. L. 100–77, title VI, § 611(2) , July 22, 1987 , 101 Stat. 516 and then omitted in the general revision of Part D of Subchapter III–A of Chapter 6A of Title 42 by Pub. L. 102–321, title I, § 131 , July 10, 1992 , 106 Stat. 366 . Provisions relating to the confidentiality of patient records are now classified to section 290dd–2 of Title 42 .

979. §7363 — Reports to Congress

980. §7371 — Mandatory removal from employment of law enforcement officers convicted of felonies

981. §7501 — Definitions

982. §7502 — Actions covered

983. §7503 — Cause and procedure

984. §7504 — Regulations

985. §7511 — Definitions; application

986. §7511 — Section 103 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (b)(6), is classified to section 3903 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

987. §7512 — Actions covered

988. §7513 — Cause and procedure

989. §7514 — Regulations

990. §7515 — Discipline of supervisors based on retaliation against whistleblowers

991. §7521 — Actions against administrative law judges

992. §7531 — Definitions

993. §7532 — Suspension and removal

994. §7533 — Effect on other statutes

995. §7541 — Definitions

996. §7542 — Actions covered

997. §7543 — Cause and procedure

998. §7701 — Appellate procedures

999. §7702 — Actions involving discrimination

1000. §7703 — Judicial review of decisions of the Merit Systems Protection Board

1001. §7901 — Health service programs

1002. §7902 — Safety programs

1003. §7903 — Protective clothing and equipment

1004. §7904 — Employee assistance programs relating to drug abuse and alcohol abuse

1005. §7905 — Programs to encourage commuting by means other than single-occupancy motor vehicles

1006. §7905 — Section 1. Mass Transportation and Vanpool Transportation Fringe Benefit Program . (a) By no later than October 1, 2000 , Federal agencies shall implement a transportation fringe benefit program that offers qualified Federal employees the option to exclude from taxable wages and compensation, consistent with section 132 of title 26 , United States Code, employee commuting costs incurred through the use of mass transportation and vanpools, not to exceed the maximum level allowed by law ( 26 U.S.C. 132 (f)(2)). These agency programs shall comply with the requirements of Internal Revenue Service regulations for qualified transportation fringe benefits under section 1.132–9 of title 26, Code of Federal Regulations, and other guidance.

1007. §7905 — Section 132(f)(5) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(4), is classified to section 132(f)(5) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1008. §7906 — Services of post-combat case coordinators

1009. §8101 — Definitions

1010. §8101 — Section 327 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, referred to in par. (1)(G), is classified to section 5165f of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

1011. §8102 — Compensation for disability or death of employee

1012. §8102 — Section 3(a) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to section 3602(a) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

1013. § 8102a. Death gratuity for injuries incurred in connection with employee’s service with an Armed Force

1014. Section 1603 of the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Hurricane Recovery, 2006, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 1603 of Pub. L. 109–234 , title I, June 15, 2006 , 120 Stat. 443 , which is not classified to the Code.

1015. Section 413 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (c), is classified to section 3973 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

1016. §8103 — Medical services and initial medical and other benefits

1017. §8104 — Chapter 4 of title 29, referred to in subsec. (a), refers to the Vocational Rehabilitation Act, act June 2, 1920, ch. 219 , 41 Stat. 735 , as amended. Section 32(b)(1) of title 29 , also referred to in subsec. (a) (enacted Sept. 6, 1966 ), did not reflect amendment of section 32(b) by Pub. L. 89–333 § 2(a), Nov. 8, 1965 , 79 Stat. 1282 , which eliminated obsolete pars. (2) and (3) and redesignated par. (1) provisions as subsec. (b) and amended such subsection. Section 32(b) of title 29 , refers to section 2(b) of act June 2, 1920 , as amended. Such provisions were repealed by former section 500(a) of Pub. L. 93–112 , title V, Sept. 26, 1973 , 87 Stat. 390 , and pursuant to former section 500(a) of Pub. L. 93–112 , which also provided that references to the Vocational Rehabilitation Act in other provisions of law were to be deemed a reference to the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and were covered by sections 701 et seq. and 731(a), respectively, of Title 29, Labor.

1018. §8104 — Vocational rehabilitation

1019. §8105 — Total disability

1020. §8106 — Partial disability

1021. §8107 — Compensation schedule

1022. §8108 — Reduction of compensation for subsequent injury to same member

1023. §8109 — Beneficiaries of awards unpaid at death; order of precedence

1024. §8110 — Augmented compensation for dependents

1025. §8111 — Additional compensation for services of attendants or vocational rehabilitation

1026. §8112 — Maximum and minimum monthly payments

1027. §8113 — Increase or decrease of basic compensation

1028. §8114 — Computation of pay

1029. §8115 — Determination of wage-earning capacity

1030. §8115 — Section 8114(d) of this title is applicable in determining the wage-earning capacity of an employee after the beginning of partial disability.

1031. §8116 — Limitations on right to receive compensation

1032. §8117 — Time of accrual of right

1033. §8118 — Continuation of pay; election to use annual or sick leave

1034. §8119 — Notice of injury or death

1035. §8120 — Report of injury

1036. §8121 — Claim

1037. §8122 — Time for making claim

1038. §8123 — Physical examinations

1039. §8124 — Findings and award; hearings

1040. §8125 — Misbehavior at proceedings

1041. §8126 — Subpenas; oaths; examination of witnesses

1042. §8127 — Representation; attorneys’ fees

1043. §8128 — Review of award

1044. §8129 — Recovery of overpayments

1045. §8130 — Assignment of claim

1046. §8131 — Subrogation of the United States

1047. §8132 — Adjustment after recovery from a third person

1048. §8133 — Compensation in case of death

1049. §8134 — Funeral expenses; transportation of body

1050. §8135 — Lump-sum payment

1051. §8136 — Initial payments outside the United States

1052. §8137 — Compensation for noncitizens and nonresidents

1053. §8138 — Minimum limit modification for noncitizens and aliens

1054. §8139 — Employees of the District of Columbia

1055. §8140 — Members of the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps

1056. §8141 — Civil Air Patrol volunteers

1057. §8142 — Peace Corps volunteers

1058. §8142 — Section 8142 of title 5 was derived from section 2504(d) of title 22 . This amendment reflects changes, effected by the act of Sept. 13, 1966 , Public Law 89–572 , section 4, 80 Stat. 765 , in the definitions applicable to section 2504(d) by virtue of section 2522(a), (b) of title 22.

1059. §8143 — Job Corps enrollees; volunteers in service to America

1060. §8143 — Part A of subchapter VIII of chapter 34 of title 42, referred to in subsec. (b), is part A of title VIII of Pub. L. 88–452 , Aug. 20, 1964 , 73 Stat. 508 , known as the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964. Part A of title VIII of that Act, as added by Pub. L. 90–222, title I, § 110 , Dec. 23, 1967 , 81 Stat. 722 , was classified generally to part A (§ 2992 et seq.) of subchapter VIII of chapter 34 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to its repeal by Pub. L. 93–113, title VI, § 603 , Oct. 1, 1973 , 87 Stat. 417 . See sections 4951 et seq. and 5055 of Title 42.

1061. § 8143a. Members of the National Teacher Corps

1062. § 8143b. Employees in fire protection activities

1063. §8144 — Student-employees

1064. §8145 — Administration

1065. §8146 — Administration for the Panama Canal Commission and The Alaska Railroad

1066. § 8146a. Cost-of-living adjustment of compensation

1067. §8147 — Employees’ Compensation Fund

1068. §8148 — Forfeiture of benefits by convicted felons

1069. §8149 — Regulations

1070. §8150 — Effect on other statutes

1071. §8150 — Section 8141 of this title and section 9491 of title 10 do not confer military or veteran status on any individual.

1072. §8151 — Civil service retention rights

1073. §8152 — Annual report

1074. §8171 — Compensation for work injuries; generally

1075. §8172 — Employees not citizens or residents of the United States

1076. §8173 — Liability under this subchapter exclusive

1077. §8191 — Determination of eligibility

1078. §8191 — Section 2 of Pub. L. 90–291 provided that: “The amendments made by section 1 of this Act [enacting this section and sections 8192 and 8193 of this title] are effective only with respect to personal injuries sustained on or after the date of enactment of this Act [ Apr. 19, 1968 ].”

1079. §8192 — Benefits

1080. §8193 — Administration

1081. §8301 — Uniform retirement date

1082. §8311 — Definitions

1083. §8311 — Section 5 of the Uniformed Services Contingency Option Act of 1953 ( 67 Stat. 504 ), referred to in text, is covered by section 1438 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

1084. §8312 — Conviction of certain offenses

1085. §8312 — Section 639(b) of Pub. L. 103–337 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [ Oct. 5, 1994 ] and shall apply to persons convicted of espionage under section 906a of title 10 , United States Code (article 106a of the Uniform Code of Military Justice), on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.”

1086. §8313 — Absence from the United States to avoid prosecution

1087. §8314 — Refusal to testify

1088. §8315 — Falsifying employment applications

1089. §8316 — Refund of contributions and deposits

1090. §8316 — Section 5 of the Uniform Services Contingency Option Act of 1953 ( 67 Stat. 504 ), referred to in text, is covered by section 1438 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

1091. §8317 — Repayment of annuity or retired pay properly paid; waiver

1092. §8317 — Section 5 of the Uniformed Services Contingency Option Act of 1953 ( 67 Stat. 504 ), referred to in text, is covered by section 1438 of Table 10, Armed Forces.

1093. §8318 — Restoration of annuity or retired pay

1094. §8319 — Removal of members of the uniformed services from rolls; restoration; reappointment

1095. §8319 — Section 2 of the Act of September 26, 1961 ( 75 Stat. 648 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is set out as a note under section 8322 of this title .

1096. §8320 — Offense or violation committed in compliance with orders

1097. §8321 — Liability of accountable employees

1098. §8322 — Effect on other statutes

1099. §8322 — Section 2 of Pub. L. 87–299 , Sept. 26, 1961 , 75 Stat. 648 , provided that: “(a) Subject to subsection (b) of this section, any person, including his survivor or beneficiary, to whom annuity or retired pay is not payable under the Act of September 1, 1954 [this subchapter], as in effect at any time prior to the date of enactment of this Act [ Sept. 26, 1961 ], by reason of any conviction of an offense, any commission of a violation, any refusal to answer, or any absence under indictment, or under charges, for any offense, shall be restored the right to receive such annuity or retired pay for any and all periods for which he would have had the right to receive such annuity or retired pay if the Act of September 1, 1954 [this subchapter], had not been enacted, unless, under the amendment made by the first section of this Act [amending former chapter 31 of this title, now this subchapter, and section 3282 of Title 18 , Crimes and Criminal Procedure], such annuity or retired pay remains nonpayable to such person, including his survivor or beneficiary. “(b) No annuity accrued or accruing, prior to, on, or after the date of enactment of this Act [ Sept. 26, 1961 ], on account of the restoration, by reason of the amendment made by the first section of this Act [amending former chapter 31 of this title, now this subchapter, and section 3282 of Title 18 ] and by reason of subsection (a) of this section, of the right to receive such annuity, shall be paid until any sum refunded under section 3 of the Act of September 1, 1954 [former section 2284 of this title , now section 8316 of this title , prior to amendment Sept. 26, 1961 ], as in effect prior to the date of enactment of such amendment [ Sept. 26, 1961 ], is deposited or is collected by offset against the annuity.”

1100. §8331 — Definitions

1101. §8331 — Section 1(b) of the act of August 25, 1958 ( 72 Stat. 838 ), referred to in par. (1)(I), is set out as a note under section 102 of Title 3 , The President.

1102. §8331 — Section 103(6) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in par. (1)(xii), is classified to section 3903(6) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

1103. §8331 — Section 167 of the Federal Courts Improvement Act of 1982, referred to in par. (26), is section 167 of Pub. L. 97–164 , which is set out as a note under section 171 of Title 28 .

1104. §8331 — Section 404(d) of the Act of November 6, 1978 , referred to in par. (22)(A), is section 404(d) of Pub. L. 95–598 , title IV, Nov. 6, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2684 , which was set out in a note preceding section 151 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, and was repealed by Pub. L. 98–353, title I, § 114 , July 10, 1984 , 98 Stat. 343 .

1105. §8331 — Section 5 of the Act of February 13, 1911 , referred to in par. (3)(G), is classified to section 267 of Title 19 , Customs Duties.

1106. §8331 — Section 5 of the Presidential Transition Act of 1963, referred to in par. (1)(K), is section 5 of Pub. L. 88–277 , which is set out as a note under section 102 of Title 3 , The President.

1107. §8331 — Section 601(b) of the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 ( 60 Stat. 850 ), as amended, referred to in par. (3)(A), was classified to section 31a of Title 2 , The Congress, which was repealed by act Mar. 2, 1955, ch. 9, § 4(b) , 69 Stat. 11 .

1108. §8332 — Chapter 67 of that title as in effect before the effective date of the Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B), means chapter 67 (§ 1331 et seq.) of Title 10, Armed Forces, prior to its transfer to part II of subtitle E of Title 10, its renumbering as chapter 1223, and its general revision by section 1662(j)(1) of Pub. L. 103–337 . A new chapter 67 (§ 1331) of Title 10 was added by section 1662(j)(7) of Pub. L. 103–337 . For effective date of the Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act ( Pub. L. 103–337, title XVI ), see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337 , set out as an Effective Date note under section 10001 of Title 10 .

1109. §8332 — Creditable service

1110. §8332 — Section 10 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (n), is section 10 of act Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6 , 38 Stat. 260 . For classification of section 10 to the Code, see Codification note set out under section 241 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking, and Tables.

1111. §8332 — Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, referred to in subsec. ( o )(2)(B)(xxvii), is classified to section 78j(b) of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

1112. §8332 — Section 104(a) of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, referred to in subsec. ( o )(2)(B)(xxvi), is classified to section 78dd–2(a) of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

1113. §8332 — Section 410 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (b)(10), is classified to section 3970 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

1114. §8332 — Section 67 of the Act entitled “An Act to provide a government for the Territory of Hawaii”, approved April 30, 1900 (chapter 339, Fifty-sixth Congress; 31 Stat. 153 ), referred to in subsec. ( l )(1)(B)(ii), formerly classified to section 532 of Title 48 , Territories and Insular Possessions, was omitted from such Title following the statehood of Hawaii.

1115. §8332 — Section 7201 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. ( o )(2)(B)(xxv), is classified to section 7201 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1116. §8333 — Eligibility for annuity

1117. §8334 — Deductions, contributions, and deposits

1118. §8334 — Section 2(c) of the Retirement and Survivors’ Annuities for Bankruptcy Judges and Magistrates Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (i)(4), is section 2(c) of Pub. L. 100–659 , which is set out as a note under section 377 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

1119. §8335 — Mandatory separation

1120. §8335 — Section 2 of Pub. L. 96–347 provided that: “ Section 8335(a) of title 5 , United States Code shall not apply to an individual appointed as an air traffic controller in the Department of Defense before the date of the enactment of this Act [ Sept. 12, 1980 ].”

1121. §8335 — Section 2(b)(1)(B) of Pub. L. 101–428 provided that: “The amendment made by subparagraph (A) [amending this section] shall take effect 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act [ Oct. 15, 1990 ].”

1122. §8335 — Section 529 [title IV, § 409(c)] of Pub. L. 101–509 provided that: “For the purposes of this section [amending this section and section 8425 of this title ], the effective date shall be the date of enactment of this Act [ Nov. 5, 1990 ].”

1123. §8335 — Section 8 of Pub. L. 92–297 provided that: “ Section 8335(f) of title 5 , United States Code, as added by this Act, does not apply to a person appointed as an air traffic controller by the Department of Transportation before the date of enactment of this Act [ May 16, 1972 ].”

1124. §8335 — Section 8331(29)(A), referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated as section 8331(30)(A) by Pub. L. 110–161, div. E, title V, § 535(a)(1)(A) , Dec. 26, 2007 , 121 Stat. 2075 .

1125. §8336 — Immediate retirement

1126. §8336 — Section 1(d) of Pub. L. 96–135 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 8339 of this title ] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [ Dec. 5, 1979 ].”

1127. §8336 — Section 105(e)(2) of the Indian Self-Determination Act ( 25 U.S.C. 450i(a)(2) ; 88 Stat. 2209 ), referred to in subsec. (j)(2)(B), was renumbered section 104(e)(2) of that Act by Pub. L. 100–472, title II, § 203(a) , Oct. 5, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2290 , without corresponding amendment to this section. Section 104(e)(2) of the Indian Self-Determination Act was formerly classified to section 450i(e)(2) of Title 25 , Indians, prior to editorial reclassification as section 5323(e)(2) of Title 25 .

1128. §8336 — Section 12 of the Act of June 18, 1934 ( 25 U.S.C. 472 ; 48 Stat. 986 ), referred to in subsec. (j)(4)(B), is section 12 of act June 18, 1934, ch. 576 , 48 Stat. 986 , which was classified to section 472 of Title 25 , Indians, prior to editorial reclassification as section 5116 of Title 25 .

1129. §8336 — Section 1241(b)(1) of Pub. L. 96–70 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [ Sept. 27, 1979 ], but no amount of annuity under chapter 83 of title 5, United States Code, accruing by reason of those amendments shall be payable for any period before October 1, 1979 .”

1130. §8336 — Section 1241(b)(2) of Pub. L. 96–70 provided that: “Effective October 1, 1979 , any individual who, but for paragraph (1) of this subsection [set out as an Effective Date of 1979 Amendment note above], would have been entitled to one or more annuity payments pursuant to the amendments made by this section [amending this section] for periods before October 1, 1979 , shall be entitled, to such extent or in such amounts as are provided in advance in appropriation Acts, to a lump sum payment equal to the total amount of all such annuity payments.”

1131. §8336 — Section 308(b) of Pub. L. 97–253 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect October 1, 1982 .”

1132. § 8336a. Phased retirement

1133. §8337 — Disability retirement

1134. §8337 — Section 124(c) of Pub. L. 100–238 provided that: “(1) In general .— Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [enacting section 8464a of this title , amending this section, renumbering section 8457 of this title as section 8456, and repealing former section 8456 of this title ] shall be effective as of January 1, 1987 , and shall apply with respect to benefits payable based on a death or disability occurring on or after that date. “(2) Exception .— The amendment made by subsection (a)(1)(A) [amending this section] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [ Jan. 8, 1988 ] and shall apply with respect to benefits payable based on a death or disability occurring on or after that date.”

1135. §8337 — Section 302(c) of Pub. L. 97–253 , as amended by Pub. L. 97–346, § 3(i) , Oct. 15, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1649 , provided that: “(1) Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3), the amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending this section and section 8347 of this title ] shall take effective October 1, 1982 . “(2) The amendments made by paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect with respect to income earned after December 31, 1982 . “(3) Subsection (h) of section 8337 of title 5 , United States Code (as added by subsection (a)) shall apply to any technician (as defined in paragraph (1) of such subsection (h)) who is separated from employment as a technician on or after October 1, 1982 . Such subsection (h) shall also apply to any technician separated from employment as a technician on or after December 31, 1979 , and before October 1, 1982 , if application therefor is made to the Office of Personnel Management within 12 months after the date of the enactment of this Act [ Sept. 8, 1982 ]. Any annuity resulting from such application shall commence as of the day after the date such application is received by the Office.”

1136. §8338 — Deferred retirement

1137. §8339 — Computation of annuity

1138. §8340 — Cost-of-living adjustment of annuities

1139. §8340 — Section 8 of the Act of May 29, 1930 , as amended to July 6, 1950 , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is the predecessor of section 8338 of this title .

1140. §8341 — Section 1 of Pub. L. 95–318 , eff. Oct. 1, 1978 , provided that: “(a) Upon application to the Civil Service Commission, the annuity of— “(1) a surviving spouse of an employee which was terminated under the provisions of section 8341 (b) or (d) of title 5, United States Code, or of any prior applicable law, because of the remarriage of such spouse before July 18, 1966 , and “(2) a surviving spouse of a Member who died before January 8, 1971 , which was terminated under any such provision, because of the remarriage of such spouse, shall be restored in accordance with the provisions of subsection (b) of this section. “(b) (1) In the case of a remarriage occurring after the surviving spouse became sixty years of age, the annuity shall be restored to such spouse under subsection (a) of this section only if any lump sum paid on termination of the annuity is returned to the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund. If such amount is paid, the annuity shall be so restored commencing on the effective date of this section at the rate which would have been in effect if the annuity had not been terminated. “(2) In the case of a remarriage occurring before the surviving spouse became sixty years of age, the annuity shall be restored to such spouse under subsection (a) of this section only if— “(A) such spouse elects to receive this annuity instead of a survivor benefit to which the spouse may be entitled under subchapter III of chapter 83 of such title 5 or under another retirement system for Government employees by reason of the marriage; and “(B) any lump sum paid on termination of the annuity is returned to such fund. If the requirements of the preceding sentence are satisfied, such annuity shall be so restored commencing on the effective date of this section or on the first day of the month following the date the remarriage is dissolved by death, annulment, or divorce, whichever date is later, at the rate which was in effect when the annuity was terminated.”

1141. §8341 — Section 1(b) of Pub. L. 93–260 provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) of this section [amending this section] shall not apply in the cases of employees, Members, or annuitants who died before the date of enactment of this Act [ Apr. 9, 1974 ]. The rights of such individuals and their survivors shall continue in the same manner and to the same extent as if such amendments had not been enacted.”

1142. §8341 — Section 101(f) [title VI, § 633(b)] of Pub. L. 104–208 provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section and sections 8443 and 8908 of this title] shall apply with respect to any termination of marriage taking effect before, on, or after the date of enactment of this Act [ Sept. 30, 1996 ], except that benefits shall be payable only with respect to amounts accruing for periods beginning on the first day of the month beginning after the later of such termination of marriage or such date of enactment.”

1143. §8341 — Section 2 of Pub. L. 91–189 provided that: “The provisions of section 8341(e) of title 5 , United States Code, as amended by section 206(b) of Public Law 91–93 ( 83 Stat. 140 ), shall be effective as of October 20, 1969 .”

1144. §8341 — Section 2 of Pub. L. 92–243 provided that: “The amendment made by the first section of this Act [amending this section] is effective upon enactment [ Mar. 9, 1972 ]. Upon application to the Civil Service Commission, it also applies to a child of an employee or Member who died or retired before such date of enactment [ Mar. 9, 1972 ] but no annuity shall be paid by reason of the amendment for any period prior to the date of enactment.”

1145. §8341 — Section 2(b) of Pub. L. 93–273 , Apr. 26, 1974 , 88 Stat. 93 , provided that: “In lieu of any increase based on an increase under subsection (a) of this section, an annuity payable from the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund to the surviving spouse of an employee, Member, or annuitant, which is based on a separation occurring prior to October 20, 1969 shall be increased by $132.”

1146. §8341 — Section 201(d) of Pub. L. 99–251 provided that: “(1) Notwithstanding the time limitation prescribed in subparagraph (A) of section 4(b)(1) of the Civil Service Retirement Spouse Equity Act of 1984 [ Pub. L. 98–615, § 4(b)(1)(A) , set out as a note above], an election may be made under such subparagraph before the expiration of the 12-month period beginning on the date on which the regulations under paragraph (3) of this subsection first take effect. “(2) Any retired employee or Member who has made an election under section 4(b)(1)(A) of the Civil Service Retirement Spouse Equity Act of 1984 [set out as a note above] (as in effect at the time of such election) before the regulations under paragraph (3) of this subsection become effective may modify such election by designating, in writing, that only a portion of such employee or Member’s annuity is to be used as the base for the survivor annuity for the former spouse for whom the election was made. A modification under this subparagraph shall be subject to the deadline under paragraph (1) of this subsection. “(3) The Office of Personnel Management shall prescribe regulations to carry out this subsection, including regulations under which an appropriate refund shall be made in the case of a modification under paragraph (2) of this subsection.”

1147. §8341 — Section 205 of Pub. L. 91–93 provided that: “The provisions of subsection (b)(1), (d)(3), and (g) of section 8341 of title 5 , United States Code, also shall apply in the case of any widow or widower— “(1) of an employee who died, retired, or was otherwise finally separated before July 18, 1966 ; “(2) who shall have remarried on or after such date; and “(3) who, immediately before such remarriage, was receiving annuity from the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund; except that no annuity shall be paid by reason of this section for any period prior to the enactment of this section. No annuity shall be terminated solely by reason of the enactment of this section. Notwithstanding the prohibition contained in the first sentence of this section on the payment of annuity for any period prior to the enactment of this section, in any case in which the Civil Service Commission determines that— “(1) the remarriage of any widow or widower described in such sentence was entered into by the widow or widower in good faith and in reliance on erroneous information provided by Government authority prior to that remarriage that the then existing survivor annuity of the widow or widower would not be terminated because of the remarriage; and “(2) such annuity was terminated by law because of that remarriage; then payment of annuity may be made by reason of this section in such case, beginning as of the effective date of the termination because of the remarriage.”

1148. §8341 — Section 207(c) of Pub. L. 91–93 provided that: “(1) The amendment made by section 206(b) of this Act [amending this section] shall become effective on the first day of the first month which begins on or after the date of enactment of this Act [ Oct. 20, 1969 ]. “(2) The annuity of each surviving child who, immediately prior to the effective date of such amendment [amending this section] is receiving an annuity under section 8341(e) of title 5 , United States Code, or under a comparable provision of any prior law, or who hereafter becomes entitled to receive annuity under the Act of May 29, 1930 , as amended from and after February 28, 1948 , shall be recomputed effective on such date, or computed from commencing date if later, in accordance with such amendment. No increase allowed and in force prior to such date shall be included in the computation or recomputation of any such annuity. This paragraph shall not operate to reduce any annuity.”

1149. §8341 — Section 3 of Pub. L. 93–273 , Apr. 26, 1974 , 88 Stat. 93 provided in part that annuity increases under this pension shall apply to annuities which commence before, on, or after Apr. 26, 1974 , but that no increase in annuity shall be paid for any period prior to the first day of the first month which begins on or after the ninetieth day after Apr. 26, 1974 , or the date on which the annuity commences, whichever is later. See section 3 of Pub. L. 93–273 , set out as a note under section 8345 of this title .

1150. §8341 — Section 3 of Pub. L. 95–318 provided that: “The foregoing provisions of this Act [amending this section and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] shall take effect on— “(1) the first day of the month following the date of the enactment of this Act [ July 10, 1978 ], or “(2) October 1, 1978 , whichever date is later.”

1151. §8341 — Section 5(a) of Pub. L. 96–179 provided that: “The amendments made by the first section [amending this section] and section 2 of this Act [amending section 8901 of this title ] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [ Jan. 2, 1980 ], except that no benefits under chapter 89 of title 5, United States Code, made available by reason of such amendments shall be payable for any period before October 1, 1979 .”

1152. §8341 — Section 518(c) of Pub. L. 105–61 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 8442 and 8445 of this title] shall apply with respect to remarriages occurring on or after January 1, 1995 .”

1153. §8341 — Survivor annuities

1154. §8342 — Lump-sum benefits; designation of beneficiary; order of precedence

1155. §8342 — Section 303(d)(2) of Pub. L. 97–253 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (c) [amending this section] shall take effect October 1, 1982 .”

1156. §8343 — Additional annuities; voluntary contributions

1157. § 8343a. Alternative forms of annuities

1158. Section 11002(d) of Pub. L. 103–66 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 8420a of this title , section 4047 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse, and section 2143 of Title 50 , War and National Defense] shall become effective on October 1, 1994 , and shall apply with respect to any annuity commencing on or after that date.”

1159. Section 7001(a)(4) of Pub. L. 101–508 provided that: “(A) In applying the provisions of section 8343a(f) or 8420a(f) of title 5, United States Code (as amended by paragraph (1)) to any individual described in subparagraph (B), the reference in such provisions to ‘ December 1, 1990 ’ shall be deemed to read ‘ December 1, 1991 ’. “(B) This paragraph applies with respect to any individual who— “(i) (I) is a member of the Armed Forces of the United States who, before December 1, 1990 , was called or ordered to active duty (other than for training) pursuant to section 672 [now 12301], 673 [now 12302], 673b [now 12304], 674 [now 12306], 675 [now 12307], or 688 of title 10, United States Code, in connection with Operation Desert Shield; or “(II) is an employee of the Department of Defense who is certified by the Secretary of Defense to have performed, after November 30, 1990 , duties essential for the support of Operation Desert Shield; and “(ii) would have been eligible to make an election under section 8343a or 8420a of title 5, United States Code (as amended by paragraph (1)) as of November 30, 1990 . “(C) The Office of Personnel Management may prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to carry out this paragraph.”

1160. §8344 — Annuities and pay on reemployment

1161. §8345 — Payment of benefits; commencement, termination, and waiver of annuity

1162. §8345 — Section 1705(b) of Pub. L. 97–35 provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect October 1, 1981 .”

1163. §8345 — Section 1705(c) of Pub. L. 97–35 provided that: “The Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund is available for expenses incurred by the Office of Personnel Management in the initial implementation of the amendments made by this section [amending this section].”

1164. §8345 — Section 2 of Pub. L. 95–366 provided that: “The amendments made by the first section of this Act [amending this section and section 8346 of this title ] shall only apply to payments made from the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund after the date of the enactment of this Act [ Sept. 15, 1978 ].”

1165. §8345 — Section 2(c) of Pub. L. 93–273 provided that: “The monthly rate of an annuity resulting from an increase under this section [enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 8339 and 8341 of this title] shall be considered as the monthly rate of annuity payable under section 8345(a) of title 5 , United States Code [subsec. (a) of this section], for purposes of computing the minimum annuity under section 8345(f) of title 5 [subsec. (f) of this section], as added by the first section of this Act.”

1166. §8345 — Section 3 of Pub. L. 103–358 provided that: “The amendments made by this Act [amending this section and sections 8437 and 8467 of this title] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [ Oct. 14, 1994 ], and shall apply with respect to any decree, order, or other legal process, or notice of agreement received by the Office of Personnel Management or the Executive Director of the Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board on or after such date of enactment.”

1167. §8345 — Section 3 of Pub. L. 93–273 provided that: “This Act [amending this section and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 8339 and 8341 of this title] shall become effective on the date of enactment [ Apr. 26, 1974 ]. Annuity increases under this Act shall apply to annuities which commence before, on, or after the date of enactment of this Act, but no increase in annuity shall be paid for any period prior to the first day of the first month which begins on or after the ninetieth day after the date of enactment of this Act, or the date on which the annuity commences, whichever is later.”

1168. §8345 — Section 305(b) of Pub. L. 97–253 , as amended by Pub. L. 97–377, title I, § 124 , Dec. 21, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1913 , provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to annuities which commence on or after October 1, 1982 , except for those individuals who serve three days or less in the month of retirement.”

1169. §8345 — Section 305(b)–(d) of Pub. L. 99–251 provided that: “(b) Savings Provision .— An annuity payable from the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund as of the day before the date of enactment of this Act [ Feb. 27, 1986 ] shall not be reduced— “(1) by reason of the repeal of section 8345(f) of title 5 , United States Code; or “(2) if or to the extent that the reduction is to be made for the purpose of eliminating an overpayment resulting from the manner in which such section 8345(f) has been administered by the Office of Personnel Management. “(c) Ratification of Erroneous Payments .— Any individual to whom an overpayment of an annuity has been made from the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund before the date of enactment of this Act [ Feb. 27, 1986 ] shall be deemed to have been entitled to that overpayment if and to the extent that such overpayment resulted from the manner in which the Office of Personnel Management has administered section 8345(f) of title 5 , United States Code. “(d) Adjustments of Certain Reductions .— (1) Effective for any month after the date of enactment of this Act [ Feb. 27, 1986 ], the amount of any annuity which— “(A) is payable from the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund; and “(B) was reduced after June 30, 1985 , and before the date of enactment of this Act, to eliminate any overpayment resulting from the manner in which the Office of Personnel Management administered section 8345(f) of title 5 , United States Code, shall not be less than the amount which would have been payable as of such date of enactment if the reduction described in clause (B) had not been made. “(2) (A) The Office shall make a lump-sum payment to each individual receiving an annuity to which paragraph (1) applies. “(B) The lump-sum payment made to any individual under this paragraph shall be equal to the excess of— “(i) the total amount of the annuity payments which would have been made to the individual for the period beginning with the first month in which the reduction described in paragraph (1)(B) was made and ending on the last day of the month in which this Act is enacted if the reduction had not been made, over “(ii) the total amount of the annuity payments which have been paid to such individual for that period.”

1170. §8345 — Section 408(a)(3) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. ( l ), is classified to section 3968(a)(3) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

1171. § 8345a. Embezzlement or conversion of payments

1172. §8346 — Exemption from legal process; recovery of payments

1173. §8347 — Administration; regulations

1174. §8347 — Section 1043(b), (c) of Pub. L. 104–106 provided that: “(b) Regulations .— Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act [ Feb. 10, 1996 ], the Office of Personnel Management (and each of the other administrative authorities, within the meaning of subsection (c)(2)(C)(iii)) shall prescribe any regulations (or make any modifications in existing regulations) necessary to carry out this section [amending this section and sections 3502 and 8461 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 3502 of this title ] and the amendments made by this section, including regulations to provide for the notification of individuals who may be affected by the enactment of this section. All regulations (and modifications to regulations) under the preceding sentence shall take effect on the same date. “(c) Applicability; Related Provisions.— “(1) Prospective rules .— Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, the amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 3502 and 8461 of this title] shall apply with respect to moves occurring on or after the effective date of the regulations under subsection (b). Moves occurring on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [ Feb. 10, 1996 ] and before the effective date of such regulations shall be subject to applicable provisions of title 5, United States Code, disregarding the amendments made by this section, except that any individual making an election pursuant to this sentence shall be ineligible to make an election otherwise allowable under paragraph (2). “(2) Retroactive rules.— “(A) In general .— The regulations under subsection (b) shall include provisions for the application of sections 8347(q) and 8461(n) of title 5, United States Code, as amended by this section, with respect to any individual who, at any time after December 31, 1965 , and before the effective date of such regulations, moved between positions in circumstances that would have qualified such individual to make an election under the provisions of such section 8347(q) or 8461(n), as so amended, if such provisions had then been in effect. “(B) Deadline; related provisions .— An election pursuant to this paragraph— “(i) shall be made within 1 year after the effective date of the regulations under subsection (b), and “(ii) shall have the same force and effect as if it had been timely made at the time of the move, except that no such election may be made by any individual— “(I) who has previously made, or had an opportunity to make, an election under section 8347(q) or 8461(n) of title 5, United States Code (as in effect before being amended by this section); however, this subclause shall not be considered to render an individual ineligible, based on an opportunity arising out of a move occurring during the period described in the second sentence of paragraph (1), if no election has in fact been made by such individual based on such move; “(II) who has not, since the move on which eligibility for the election is based, remained continuously subject (disregarding any break in service of less than 3 days) to CSRS or FERS or both seriatim (if the move was from a NAFI position) or any retirement system (or 2 or more such systems seriatim) established for employees described in section 2105(c) of such title (if the move was to a NAFI position); or “(III) if such election would be based on a move to the Civil Service Retirement System from a retirement system established for employees described in section 2105(c) of such title. “(C) Transfers of contributions.— “(i) In general .— If an individual makes an election under this paragraph to be transferred back to a retirement system in which such individual previously participated (in this section referred to as the ‘previous system’), all individual contributions (including interest) and Government contributions to the retirement system in which such individual is then currently participating (in this section referred to as the ‘current system’), excluding those made to the Thrift Savings Plan or any other defined contribution plan, which are attributable to periods of service performed since the move on which the election is based, shall be paid to the fund, account, or other repository for contributions made under the previous system. For purposes of this section, the term ‘current system’ shall be considered also to include any retirement system (besides the one in which the individual is participating at the time of making the election) in which such individual previously participated since the move on which the election is based. “(ii) Condition subsequent relating to repayment of lump-sum credit .— In the case of an individual who has received such individual’s lump-sum credit (within the meaning of section 8401(19) of title 5 , United States Code, or a similar payment) from such individual’s previous system, the payment described in clause (i) shall not be made (and the election to which it relates shall be ineffective) unless such lump-sum credit is redeposited or otherwise paid at such time and in such manner as shall be required under applicable regulations. Regulations to carry out this clause shall include provisions for the computation of interest (consistent with section 8334(e)(2) and (3) of title 5, United States Code), if no provisions for such computation otherwise exist. “(iii) Condition subsequent relating to deficiency in payments relative to amounts needed to ensure that benefits are fully funded.— “(I) In general .— Except as provided in subclause (II), the payment described in clause (i) shall not be made (and the election to which it relates shall be ineffective) if the actuarial present value of the future benefits that would be payable under the previous system with respect to service performed by such individual after the move on which the election under this paragraph is based and before the effective date of the election, exceeds the total amounts required to be transferred to the previous system under the preceding provisions of this subparagraph with respect to such service, as determined by the authority administering such previous system (in this section referred to as the ‘administrative authority’). “(II) Payment of deficiency .— A determination of a deficiency under this clause shall not render an election ineffective if the individual pays or arranges to pay, at a time and in a manner satisfactory to such administrative authority, the full amount of the deficiency described in subclause (I). “(D) Alternative election for an individual then participating in fers.— “(i) Applicability .— This subparagraph applies with respect to any individual who— “(I) is then currently participating in FERS; and “(II) would then otherwise be eligible to make an election under subparagraphs (A) through (C) of this paragraph, determined disregarding the matter in subclause (I) of subparagraph (B) before the first semicolon therein. “(ii) Election .— An individual described in clause (i) may, instead of making an election for which such individual is otherwise eligible under this paragraph, elect to have all prior qualifying NAFI service of such individual treated as creditable service for purposes of any annuity under FERS payable out of the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund. “(iii) Qualifying nafi service .— For purposes of this subparagraph, the term ‘qualifying NAFI service’ means any service which, but for this subparagraph, would be creditable for purposes of any retirement system established for employees described in section 2105(c) of title 5 , United States Code. “(iv) Service ceases to be creditable for nafi retirement system purposes .— Any qualifying NAFI service that becomes creditable for FERS purposes by virtue of an election made under this subparagraph shall not be creditable for purposes of any retirement system referred to in clause (iii). “(v) Conditions .— An election under this subparagraph shall be subject to requirements, similar to those set forth in subparagraph (C), to ensure that— “(I) appropriate transfers of individual and Government contributions are made to the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund; and “(II) the actuarial present value of future benefits under FERS attributable to service made creditable by such election is fully funded. “(E) Alternative election for an individual then participating in a nafi retirement system.— “(i) Applicability .— This subparagraph applies with respect to any individual who— “(I) is then currently participating in any retirement system established for employees described in section 2105(c) of title 5 , United States Code (in this subparagraph referred to as a ‘NAFI retirement system’); and “(II) would then otherwise be eligible to make an election under subparagraphs (A) through (C) of this paragraph (determined disregarding the matter in subclause (I) of subparagraph (B) before the first semicolon therein) based on a move from FERS. “(ii) Election .— An individual described in clause (i) may, instead of making an election for which such individual is otherwise eligible under this paragraph, elect to have all prior qualifying FERS service of such individual treated as creditable service for purposes of determining eligibility for benefits under a NAFI retirement system, but not for purposes of computing the amount of any such benefits except as provided in clause (v)(II). “(iii) Qualifying fers service .— For purposes of this subparagraph, the term ‘qualifying FERS service’ means any service which, but for this subparagraph, would be creditable for purposes of the Federal Employees’ Retirement System. “(iv) Service ceases to be creditable for purposes of fers .— Any qualifying FERS service that becomes creditable for NAFI purposes by virtue of an election made under this subparagraph shall not be creditable for purposes of the Federal Employees’ Retirement System. “(v) Funding requirements.— “(I) In general .— Except as provided in subclause (II), nothing in this section or in any other provision of law or any other authority shall be considered to require any payment or transfer of monies in order for an election under this subparagraph to be effective. “(II) Contribution required only if individual elects to have service made creditable for computation purposes as well .— Under regulations prescribed by the appropriate administrative authority, an individual making an election under this subparagraph may further elect to have the qualifying FERS service made creditable for computation purposes under a NAFI retirement system, but only if the individual pays or arranges to pay, at a time and in a manner satisfactory to such administrative authority, the amount necessary to fully fund the actuarial present value of future benefits under the NAFI retirement system attributable to the qualifying FERS service. “(3) Information .— The regulations under subsection (b) shall include provisions under which any individual— “(A) shall, upon request, be provided information or assistance in determining whether such individual is eligible to make an election under paragraph (2) and, if so, the exact amount of any payment which would be required of such individual in connection with any such election; and “(B) may seek any other information or assistance relating to any such election.”

1175. §8347 — Section 2 of Pub. L. 96–500 provided that: “The amendments made by the first section of this Act [amending this section] shall apply with respect to determinations made by the Office of Personnel Management on or after the first day of the first month beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act [ Dec. 5, 1980 ].”

1176. §8347 — Section 201(c) of the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement Act, referred to in subsec. (n)(4)(A), is classified to section 2011(c) of Title 50 , War and National Defense.

1177. §8348 — Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund

1178. §8348 — Section 103(b)(1) of Pub. L. 91–93 provided that: “The provisions of subsection (g) of section 8348 of title 5 , United States Code, as contained in the amendment made by subsection (a)(2) of this section, shall become effective at the beginning of the fiscal year which ends on June 30, 1971 .”

1179. §8348 — Section 103(b)(2) of Pub. L. 91–93 provided that: “Paragraph (1) of this subsection [set out as Effective Date of 1969 Amendment note above], shall not be held or considered to continue in effect after the enactment of this Act [ Oct. 20, 1969 ], the provisions of section 8348(g) of title 5 , United States Code, as in effect immediately prior to such enactment.”

1180. §8348 — Section 3 of Pub. L. 89–737 , Nov. 2, 1966 , 80 Stat. 1164 , which provided that section 8348(g) of title 5 , United States Code, does not apply with respect to annuity benefits resulting from the enactment of this Act [amending sections 8114, 8331, and 8704 of this title and section 1117 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees], was repealed by Pub. L. 90–83, § 10(b) , Sept. 11, 1967 , 81 Stat. 223 .

1181. §8348 — Section 3506 of the Panama Canal Commission Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1991 [ Pub. L. 101–510, div. C, title XXXV ], referred to in subsec. (i)(1), amended sections 8336, 8339, and 8348 of this title.

1182. §8348 — Section 4002(b)(1) of Pub. L. 101–239 , which provided that section 4002 of Pub. L. 101–239 (amending this section and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section) be effective as of Oct. 1, 1986 , was repealed by Pub. L. 101–508, title VII, § 7101(b) , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1388–331 .

1183. §8348 — Section 4002(b)(2) of Pub. L. 101–239 , which provided that notwithstanding any provision of section 8348(m) of this title the estimated increase in the unfunded liability referred to in section 8348(m)(1) was to be payable based on annual installments equal to specified amounts for fiscal years 1987 to 1989, was repealed by Pub. L. 101–508, title VII, § 7101(b) , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1388–331 .

1184. §8348 — Section 4002(b)(3) of Pub. L. 101–239 , which provided that first payment made under provisions of section 8348(m) of this title was to include, in addition to the amount which would otherwise have been payable at that time, an amount equal to the sum of any amounts which would have been due under those provisions in any prior year if this section had been enacted before Oct. 1, 1986 , and which provided the method of computation, was repealed by Pub. L. 101–508, title VII, § 7101(b) , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1388–331 .

1185. §8348 — Section 7101(d) of Pub. L. 101–508 provided that: “This section and the amendments made by this section [amending this section, enacting provisions set out as a note under this section, and repealing provisions set out as notes under this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1990 .”

1186. §8349 — Chapter 21 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsecs. (c) and (d)(1)(B), is classified to chapter 21 (§ 3101 et seq.) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

1187. §8349 — Offset relating to certain benefits under the Social Security Act

1188. §8349 — Section 101 of the Social Security Amendments of 1983 [ Pub. L. 98–21 ], referred to in subsec. (c), amended section 3121 of Title 26 and sections 409 and 410 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 3121 of Title 26 and section 410 of Title 42 .

1189. §8350 — Retirement counseling

1190. §8351 — Participation in the Thrift Savings Plan

1191. §8351 — Section 103(6) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (c), is classified to section 3903(6) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

1192. §8351 — Section 414(v) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(C), is classified to section 414(v) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1193. §8401 — Chapter 21 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in par. (11), is classified to chapter 21 (§ 3101 et seq.) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

1194. §8401 — Definitions

1195. §8401 — Section 103(6) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in par. (11)(iii), is classified to section 3903(6) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

1196. §8402 — Federal Employees’ Retirement System; exclusions

1197. §8402 — Section 10 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsecs. (b)(2)(A)(i)(III), (ii)(III) and (d)(1)(B), is section 10 of act Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6 , 38 Stat. 260 . For classification of section 10 to the Code, see Codification note set out under section 241 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking, and Tables.

1198. §8402 — Section 2(c) of the Retirement and Survivors’ Annuities for Bankruptcy Judges and Magistrates Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (e), is section 2(c) of Pub. L. 100–659 , which is set out as a note under section 377 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

1199. §8402 — Section 210(a)(5) of the Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is classified to section 410(a)(5) of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

1200. §8403 — Relationship to the Social Security Act

1201. §8410 — Eligibility for annuity

1202. §8411 — Chapter 67 of that title as in effect before the effective date of the Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B), means chapter 67 (§ 1331 et seq.) of Title 10, Armed Forces, prior to its transfer to part II of subtitle E of Title 10, its renumbering as chapter 1223, and its general revision by section 1662(j)(1) of Pub. L. 103–337 . A new chapter 67 (§ 1331) of Title 10 was added by section 1662(j)(7) of Pub. L. 103–337 . For effective date of the Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act ( Pub. L. 103–337, title XVI ), see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337 , set out as an Effective Date note under section 10001 of Title 10 .

1203. §8411 — Creditable service

1204. §8411 — Section 10 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsecs. (g) and (i), is section 10 of act Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6 , 38 Stat. 260 . For classification of section 10 to the Code, see Codification note set out under section 241 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking, and Tables.

1205. §8411 — Section 204(a)(1) of the Federal Employees’ Retirement Contribution Temporary Adjustment Act of 1983 [ Pub. L. 98–168 ], referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is set out as a note under section 8331 of this title .

1206. §8412 — Immediate retirement

1207. § 8412a. Phased retirement

1208. §8413 — Deferred retirement

1209. §8414 — Early retirement

1210. §8415 — Computation of basic annuity

1211. §8416 — Survivor reduction for a current spouse

1212. §8417 — Survivor reduction for a former spouse

1213. §8418 — Survivor elections; deposit; offsets

1214. §8419 — Survivor reductions; computation

1215. §8420 — Insurable interest reductions

1216. § 8420a. Alternative forms of annuities

1217. §8421 — Annuity supplement

1218. § 8421a. Reductions on account of earnings from work performed while entitled to an annuity supplement

1219. Section 203 of the Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(4)(A), is classified to section 403 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

1220. §8422 — Deductions from pay; contributions for other service; deposits

1221. §8422 — Section 3101(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), is classified to section 3101(a) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1222. §8423 — Government contributions

1223. §8423 — Section 401(b) of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B)(i), is section 401(b) of div. A of Pub. L. 113–67 , which amended section 8422 of this title .

1224. §8424 — Lump-sum benefits; designation of beneficiary; order of precedence

1225. §8425 — Mandatory separation

1226. §8431 — Certain transfers to be treated as a separation

1227. §8432 — Contributions

1228. §8432 — Section 204 of the Federal Employees’ Retirement Contribution Temporary Adjustment Act of 1983 [ Pub. L. 98–168 ], referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(B)(iii), is set out as a note under section 8331 of this title .

1229. § 8432a. Payment of lost earnings

1230. § 8432b. Contributions of persons who perform military service

1231. § 8432c. Contributions of certain persons reemployed after service with international organizations

1232. § 8432d. Qualified Roth contribution program

1233. Section 402A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 402A of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1234. §8433 — Benefits and election of benefits

1235. §8434 — Annuities: methods of payment; election; purchase

1236. §8435 — Protections for spouses and former spouses

1237. §8436 — Administrative provisions

1238. §8437 — Section 6331 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (e)(3), is classified to section 6331 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1239. §8437 — Thrift Savings Fund

1240. §8438 — Investment of Thrift Savings Fund

1241. §8438 — Section 101(f) [title VI, § 659 [title I, § 104]] provided that: “This title [title I (§§ 101–104) of section 659 of section 101(f) of Pub. L. 104–208 , amending this section and section 8439 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 8401 of this title ] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [ Sept. 30, 1996 ], and the Funds established under this title shall be offered for investment at the earliest practicable election period (described in section 8432(b) of title 5 , United States Code) as determined by the Executive Director in regulations.”

1242. §8439 — Accounting and information

1243. §8440 — Section 209 of the Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is classified to section 409 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

1244. §8440 — Tax treatment of the Thrift Savings Fund

1245. § 8440a. Justices and judges

1246. § 8440b. Bankruptcy judges and magistrate judges

1247. Section 2(c) of the Retirement and Survivors’ Annuities for Bankruptcy Judges and Magistrates Act of 1988, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (b)(4), is section 2(c) of Pub. L. 100–659 , which is set out as a note under section 377 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

1248. § 8440c. Court of Federal Claims judges

1249. Section 7(c)(3) of Pub. L. 102–198 , as amended by Pub. L. 102–572, title IX, § 902(b)(2) , Oct. 29, 1992 , 106 Stat. 4516 , provided that: “Paragraphs (8) and (9) of section 8440c(b) of title 5 , United States Code (as added by paragraph (1)) shall be effective as of January 1, 1991 , and shall apply to any Court of Federal Claims judge retiring on or after such date.”

1250. § 8440d. Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims

1251. Section 5(b) of Pub. L. 102–82 , as amended by Pub. L. 102–198, § 7(c)(4)(C) , Dec. 9, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1625 , provided that: “A judge of the United States Court of Veterans Appeals on the date of the enactment of this Act [ Aug. 6, 1991 ] may make an election under section 8440d(a) of title 5 , United States Code, within 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.”

1252. Section 8351(b)(7) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(6), was redesignated section 8351(b)(5) of this title by Pub. L. 103–226, § 9(a)(3) , Mar. 30, 1994 , 108 Stat. 119 .

1253. § 8440e. Members of the uniformed services

1254. Section 663 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B)(i), is section 663 of Pub. L. 106–65 , which is set out as an Effective Date note below.

1255. § 8440f. Maximum percentage allowable for certain participants

1256. Section 414(v) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to section 414(v) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1257. §8441 — Definitions

1258. §8442 — Rights of a widow or widower

1259. §8443 — Rights of a child

1260. §8444 — Rights of a named individual with an insurable interest

1261. §8445 — Rights of a former spouse

1262. §8451 — Disability retirement

1263. §8452 — Computation of disability annuity

1264. §8452 — Section 122(d) of Pub. L. 100–238 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall be effective as of January 1, 1987 , as if they had been enacted as part of the Federal Employees’ Retirement System Act of 1986 ( Public Law 99–335 ; 100 Stat. 514 and following).”

1265. §8453 — Application

1266. §8454 — Medical examination

1267. §8455 — Recovery; restoration of earning capacity

1268. §8456 — Military reserve technicians

1269. §8461 — Authority of the Office of Personnel Management

1270. §8462 — Cost-of-living adjustments

1271. §8463 — Rate of benefits

1272. §8464 — Commencement and termination of annuities of employees and Members

1273. § 8464a. Relationship between annuity and workers’ compensation

1274. §8465 — Waiver, allotment, and assignment of benefits

1275. §8466 — Application for benefits

1276. § 8466a. Embezzlement or conversion of payments

1277. §8467 — Court orders

1278. §8468 — Annuities and pay on reemployment

1279. §8469 — Withholding of State income taxes

1280. §8470 — Exemption from legal process; recovery of payments

1281. §8471 — Definitions

1282. §8472 — Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board

1283. §8472 — Section 311 of the Federal Employees’ Retirement System Act of 1986 [ Pub. L. 99–335 ], referred to in subsecs. (c) and (e)(1), is set out as a note below.

1284. §8473 — Employee Thrift Advisory Council

1285. §8473 — Section 1013(a) of this title shall not apply to the Council.

1286. §8474 — Executive Director

1287. §8475 — Investment policies

1288. §8476 — Administrative provisions

1289. §8477 — Fiduciary responsibilities; liability and penalties

1290. §8477 — Section 114 of the Federal Employees’ Retirement System Technical Corrections Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (e)(1)(E)(i), is section 114 of Pub. L. 99–556 which amended this section and enacted provisions set out as a note under this section.

1291. §8477 — Section 408(a) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(E), is classified to section 1108(a) of Title 29 , Labor.

1292. §8477 — Section 4975(f)(4) and (5) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (e)(1)(B), is classified to section 4975(f)(4) and (5) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

1293. §8477 — Section 6 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A)(i), is classified to section 78f of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

1294. §8478 — Bonding

1295. § 8478a. Investigative authority

1296. Section 504 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, referred to in text, is classified to section 1134 of Title 29 , Labor.

1297. §8479 — Exculpatory provisions; insurance

1298. §8480 — Subpoena authority

1299. §8501 — Definitions

1300. §8501 — Section 609(b)(1) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in par. (1)(C), is classified to section 4009(b)(1) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

1301. §8502 — Compensation under State agreement

1302. §8503 — Compensation absent State agreement

1303. §8504 — Assignment of Federal service and wages

1304. §8505 — Payments to States

1305. §8506 — Dissemination of information

1306. §8507 — False statements and misrepresentations

1307. §8508 — Regulations

1308. §8509 — Federal Employees Compensation Account

1309. §8521 — Definitions; application

1310. §8521 — Section 8 of Pub. L. 102–107 , Aug. 17, 1991 , 105 Stat. 546 , which contained provisions substantially identical to those of section 301 of Pub. L. 102–164 , amending this section and enacting provisions set out below, did not become effective pursuant to section 10(b) of Pub. L. 102–107 , because the President did not take the action required by that section by Aug. 17, 1991 .

1311. §8522 — Assignment of Federal service and wages

1312. §8523 — Dissemination of information

1313. §8525 — Effect on other statutes

1314. §8525 — Section 1371(i) of title 42 , providing that certain individuals are not entitled to unemployment compensation under the provisions of subchapter I of chapter 41 of title 38, is omitted as obsolete. Subchapter I of chapter 41 of title 38, which related to unemployment compensation for Korean conflict veterans, was repealed by the Act of Sept. 19, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–675 , 76 Stat. 558 .

1315. §8701 — Definitions

1316. §8701 — Section 5 of the Presidential Transition Act of 1963, referred to in subsec. (a)(10), is section 5 of Pub. L. 88–277 , which is set out as a note under section 102 of Title 3 , The President.

1317. §8702 — Automatic coverage

1318. §8703 — Benefit certificate

1319. §8704 — Group insurance; amounts

1320. §8705 — Death claims; order of precedence; escheat

1321. §8706 — Termination of insurance; assignment of ownership

1322. §8707 — Employee deductions; withholding

1323. §8708 — Government contributions

1324. §8709 — Insurance policies

1325. §8710 — Reinsurance

1326. §8711 — Basic tables of premium rates

1327. §8712 — Annual accounting; special contingency reserve

1328. §8713 — Effect of other statutes

1329. §8714 — Employees’ Life Insurance Fund

1330. § 8714a. Optional insurance

1331. § 8714b. Additional optional life insurance

1332. § 8714c. Optional life insurance on family members

1333. § 8714d. Option to receive “living benefits”

1334. §8715 — Jurisdiction of courts

1335. §8716 — Regulations

1336. §8901 — Definitions

1337. §8901 — Section 1(b) of the Act of August 25, 1958 ( 72 Stat. 838 ), referred to in par. (1)(H), is section 1(b) of Pub. L. 85–745 which is set out as a note under section 102 of Title 3 , The President.

1338. §8901 — Section 5 of the Presidential Transition Act of 1963, referred to in par. (1)(I), is section 5 of Pub. L. 88–277 , which is set out as a note under section 102 of Title 3 , The President.

1339. §8902 — Contracting authority

1340. §8902 — Section 1310(d)(1) of title XIII of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 300c–9(d) ), referred to in subsec. ( l ), probably is intended as a reference to section 300e–9(d) of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare. Section 300e–9(d) of Title 42 was redesignated section 300e–9(c) of Title 42 by Pub. L. 100–517, § 7(b) , Oct. 24, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2580 .

1341. § 8902a. Debarment and other sanctions

1342. Section 2455 of the Federal Acquisition Streamlining Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is section 2455 of Pub. L. 103–355 , which is set out as a note under section 6101 of Title 31 , Money and Finance.

1343. §8903 — Health benefits plans

1344. § 8903a. Additional health benefits plans

1345. § 8903b. Authority to readmit an employee organization plan

1346. § 8903c. Postal Service Health Benefits Program

1347. §8904 — Types of benefits

1348. §8905 — Election of coverage

1349. § 8905a. Continued coverage

1350. Section 4421 of the Atomic Energy Defense Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(5)(A), was classified to section 2601 of Title 50 , War and National Defense, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 113–66, div. C, title XXXI, § 3146(e)(10) , Dec. 26, 2013 , 127 Stat. 1077 .

1351. § 4603(h) of Pub. L. 107–314

1352. §8906 — Contributions

1353. § 8906a. Temporary employees

1354. §8907 — Information to individuals eligible to enroll

1355. §8908 — Coverage of restored employees and survivor or disability annuitants

1356. §8909 — Employees Health Benefits Fund

1357. § 8909a. Postal Service Retiree Health Benefits Fund

1358. §8910 — Studies, reports, and audits

1359. §8911 — Advisory committee

1360. §8912 — Jurisdiction of courts

1361. §8913 — Regulations

1362. §8914 — Effect of other statutes

1363. §8951 — Definitions

1364. §8952 — Availability of dental benefits

1365. §8953 — Contracting authority

1366. §8954 — Benefits

1367. §8955 — Information to individuals eligible to enroll

1368. §8956 — Election of coverage

1369. §8957 — Coverage of restored survivor or disability annuitants

1370. §8958 — Premiums

1371. §8959 — Preemption

1372. §8960 — Studies, reports, and audits

1373. §8961 — Jurisdiction of courts

1374. §8962 — Administrative functions

1375. §8981 — Definitions

1376. §8982 — Availability of vision benefits

1377. §8983 — Contracting authority

1378. §8984 — Benefits

1379. §8985 — Information to individuals eligible to enroll

1380. §8986 — Election of coverage

1381. §8987 — Coverage of restored survivor or disability annuitants

1382. §8988 — Premiums

1383. §8989 — Preemption

1384. §8990 — Studies, reports, and audits

1385. §8991 — Jurisdiction of courts

1386. §8992 — Administrative functions

1387. §9001 — Definitions

1388. §9001 — Section 7702B of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in par. (9), is classified to section 7702B of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1389. §9002 — Availability of insurance

1390. §9002 — Section 7702B(g)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (f), is classified to section 7702B(g)(2) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1391. §9003 — Contracting authority

1392. §9004 — Financing

1393. §9005 — Preemption

1394. §9006 — Studies, reports, and audits

1395. §9007 — Jurisdiction of courts

1396. §9008 — Administrative functions

1397. §9009 — Cost accounting standards

1398. §9101 — Access to criminal history records for national security and other purposes

1399. §9201 — Definitions

1400. §9202 — Limitations on requests for criminal history record information

1401. §9203 — Agency policies; complaint procedures

1402. §9204 — Adverse action

1403. §9205 — Procedures

1404. §9206 — Rules of construction

1405. §9501 — Internal Revenue Service personnel flexibilities

1406. §9502 — Pay authority for critical positions

1407. §9503 — Streamlined critical pay authority

1408. §9504 — Recruitment, retention, relocation incentives, and relocation expenses

1409. §9505 — Performance awards for senior executives

1410. §9506 — Limited appointments to career reserved Senior Executive Service positions

1411. §9507 — Streamlined demonstration project authority

1412. §9508 — General workforce performance management system

1413. §9508 — Section 1204 of the Internal Revenue Service Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is section 1204 of Pub. L. 105–206 , which is set out as a note under section 7804 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1414. §9509 — General workforce classification and pay

1415. §9510 — General workforce staffing

1416. §9601 — Definitions

1417. §9602 — Competitive service; time-limited appointments

1418. §9701 — Establishment of human resources management system

1419. §9701 — Section 1501 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (h), is classified to section 541 of Title 6 , Domestic Security.

1420. §9701 — Section 842 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (g), is classified to section 412 of Title 6 , Domestic Security.

1421. §9801 — Definitions

1422. §9802 — Planning, notification, and reporting requirements

1423. §9803 — Restrictions

1424. §9804 — Recruitment, redesignation, and relocation bonuses

1425. §9805 — Retention bonuses

1426. §9806 — Term appointments

1427. §9807 — Pay authority for critical positions

1428. §9808 — Assignments of intergovernmental personnel

1429. §9809 — Science and technology scholarship program

1430. §9810 — Distinguished scholar appointment authority

1431. §9811 — Travel and transportation expenses of certain new appointees

1432. §9812 — Annual leave enhancements

1433. §9813 — Limited appointments to Senior Executive Service positions

1434. §9814 — Qualifications pay

1435. §9815 — Reporting requirement

1436. §9901 — Definitions

1437. §9902 — Department of Defense personnel authorities

1438. §9903 — Attracting highly qualified experts

1439. §9904 — Special pay and benefits for certain employees outside the United States

1440. §9905 — Direct hire authority for certain personnel of the Department of Defense

1441. §10101 — Definitions

1442. §10101 — Section 602 of the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006, referred to in par. (3), is classified to section 701 of Title 6 , Domestic Security.

1443. §10101 — Section 624 of the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006, referred to in par. (5), is classified to section 711 of Title 6 , Domestic Security.

1444. §10102 — Strategic human capital plan

1445. §10103 — Career paths

1446. §10103 — Section 844 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to section 414 of Title 6 , Domestic Security.

1447. §10104 — Recruitment bonuses

1448. §10105 — Retention bonuses

1449. §10106 — Quarterly report on vacancy rate in employee positions

1450. §10201 — Definitions

1451. §10202 — Authorities

1452. §10203 — Basic pay

1453. §10204 — Rate of pay for original appointments

1454. §10205 — Service step adjustments

1455. §10206 — Technician positions

1456. §10207 — Promotions

1457. §10208 — Demotions

1458. §10209 — Clothing allowances

1459. §10210 — Reporting requirement

1460. §10301 — Notice of employment opportunities for Department of State and USAID positions

1461. §10302 — Consulting services for the Department of State

1462. §11001 — Enhanced personnel security programs

1463. §13101 — Definitions

1464. §13102 — Administration of provisions

1465. §13103 — Persons required to file

1466. §13104 — Contents of reports

1467. §13105 — Filing of reports

1468. §13105 — Section 8(b) of the STOCK Act, referred to in subsec. (i)(2), is section 8(b) of Pub. L. 112–105 , which is set out in a note under section 13107 of this title .

1469. §13106 — Failure to file or filing false reports

1470. §13107 — Custody of and public access to reports

1471. §13108 — Review of reports

1472. §13109 — Confidential reports and other additional requirements

1473. §13110 — Authority of Comptroller General

1474. §13111 — Notice of actions taken to comply with ethics agreements

1475. §13121 — Establishment; appointment of Director

1476. §13122 — Authority and functions

1477. §13123 — Administrative provisions

1478. §13124 — Rules and regulations

1479. §13125 — Authorization of appropriations

1480. §13126 — Reports to Congress

1481. §13141 — Definitions

1482. §13142 — Administration

1483. §13143 — Outside earned income limitation

1484. §13144 — Limitations on outside employment

1485. §13145 — Civil penalties

1486. §13146 — Conditional termination

Title 6

1. §101 — Definitions

2. §101 — Section 3 of title 14 , referred to in par. (11)(B), was redesignated section 103 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 103(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4195 , and references to section 3 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

3. §102 — Construction; severability

4. §103 — Use of appropriated funds

5. § 103a. Department of Homeland Security Nonrecurring Expenses Fund

6. §104 — National biodefense strategy

7. §105 — Biodefense analysis and budget submission

8. §106 — Update of national biodefense implementation plan

9. §111 — Executive department; mission

10. §111 — Section 1. [Amended Ex. Ord. No. 13276, set out as a note under section 1182 of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.]

11. §112 — Secretary; functions

12. §112 — Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer Advancement Act of 1995, referred to in subsec. (g), probably means section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995, which is section 12(d) of Pub. L. 104–113 , and which is set out as a note under section 272 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

13. §113 — Other officers

14. §114 — Sensitive Security Information

15. §115 — Trade and customs revenue functions of the Department

16. §121 — Information and Analysis

17. §121 — Section 1. Policy . The information technology revolution has changed the way business is transacted, government operates, and national defense is conducted. Those three functions now depend on an interdependent network of critical information infrastructures. It is the policy of the United States to protect against disruption of the operation of information systems for critical infrastructure and thereby help to protect the people, economy, essential human and government services, and national security of the United States, and to ensure that any disruptions that occur are infrequent, of minimal duration, and manageable, and cause the least damage possible. The implementation of this policy shall include a voluntary public-private partnership, involving corporate and nongovernmental organizations.

18. §121 — Section 1. [Amended Ex. Ord. No. 13234.]

19. § 121a. Homeland Security Intelligence Program

20. §122 — Access to information

21. §123 — Section 7201, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 7201 of Pub. L. 108–458 , title VII, Dec. 17, 2004 , 118 Stat. 3808 , which enacted section 1776 of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality, and provisions set out as notes under section 1776 of Title 8 and sections 3024 and 3056 of Title 50, War and National Defense.

22. §123 — Terrorist travel program

23. §124 — Homeland Security Advisory System

24. § 124a. Homeland security information sharing

25. § 124b. Comprehensive information technology network architecture

26. § 124c. Coordination with information sharing environment

27. § 124d. Intelligence components

28. § 124e. Training for employees of intelligence components

29. § 124f. Intelligence training development for State and local government officials

30. § 124g. Information sharing incentives

31. § 124h. Department of Homeland Security State, Local, and Regional Fusion Center Initiative

32. § 124i. Homeland Security Information Sharing Fellows Program

33. § 124j. Rural Policing Institute

34. Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the ITACG or any subsidiary groups thereof.

35. § 124k. Interagency Threat Assessment and Coordination Group

36. § 124l. Transferred

37. § 124m. Classified Information Advisory Officer

38. § 124n. Protection of certain facilities and assets from unmanned aircraft

39. Section 104 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (k)(3)(C)(iv), was redesignated section 528 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 105(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4200 , and references to section 104 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

40. §125 — Annual report on intelligence activities of the Department of Homeland Security

41. §126 — Department of Homeland Security data framework

42. §141 — Procedures for sharing information

43. §142 — Privacy officer

44. §146 — Cybersecurity workforce assessment and strategy

45. §161 — Establishment of Office; Director

46. §162 — Mission of Office; duties

47. §162 — Section 605 of Public Law 107–77 , referred to in subsec. (f), is section 605 of Pub. L. 107–77 , title VI, Nov. 28, 2001 , 115 Stat. 798 , which is not classified to the Code.

48. §163 — Definition of law enforcement technology

49. §164 — Abolishment of Office of Science and Technology of National Institute of Justice; transfer of functions

50. §164 — Section 605 of Public Law 107–77 , referred to in subsec. (b), is section 605 of Pub. L. 107–77 , title VI, Nov. 28, 2001 , 115 Stat. 798 , which is not classified to the Code.

51. §165 — National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Centers

52. §181 — Under Secretary for Science and Technology

53. §182 — Responsibilities and authorities of the Under Secretary for Science and Technology

54. §183 — Functions transferred

55. §184 — Conduct of certain public health-related activities

56. §185 — Federally funded research and development centers

57. §186 — Miscellaneous provisions

58. §187 — Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency

59. §187 — Section 1101 of the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999, referred to in subsec. (b)(6), is section 1101 of Pub. L. 105–261 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 3104 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XI, § 1121(b) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2452 . See section 4092 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

60. §188 — Conduct of research, development, demonstration, testing and evaluation

61. §188 — Section 70923(b)(2) of the Build America, Buy America Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(B)(i), is section 70923(b)(2) of Pub. L. 117–58 , div. G, title IX, Nov. 15, 2021 , 135 Stat. 1306 , which is not classified to the Code.

62. §189 — Utilization of Department of Energy national laboratories and sites in support of homeland security activities

63. §190 — Transfer of Plum Island Animal Disease Center, Department of Agriculture

64. §191 — Homeland Security Science and Technology Advisory Committee

65. §191 — Section 1013 of title 5 shall not apply to the Advisory Committee.

66. §192 — Homeland Security Institute

67. §193 — Technology clearinghouse to encourage and support innovative solutions to enhance homeland security

68. §194 — Enhancement of public safety communications interoperability

69. §194 — Section 301(c) of Pub. L. 110–53 , which directed the amendment of section 7303 of the “Intelligence Reform and Terrorist Prevention Act of 2004”, was executed to this section, which is section 7303 of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. See 2007 Amendment notes below.

70. §194 — Section 510 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as added by subsection (d), referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B)(ii), means section 510 of Pub. L. 107–296 , which was added by Pub. L. 108–458, title VII, § 7303(d) , Dec. 17, 2004 , 118 Stat. 3844 , and was classified to section 321 of this title , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 109–295, title VI, § 611(5) , Oct. 4, 2006 , 120 Stat. 1395 . See Prior Provisions note set out under section 321 of this title .

71. §195 — Office for Interoperability and Compatibility

72. § 195a. Emergency communications interoperability research and development

73. § 195b. National Biosurveillance Integration Center

74. § 195c. Promoting antiterrorism through international cooperation program

75. § 195d. Social media working group

76. § 195e. Transparency in research and development

77. § 195f. EMP and GMD mitigation research and development and threat assessment, response, and recovery

78. Section 1. Purpose . An electromagnetic pulse (EMP) has the potential to disrupt, degrade, and damage technology and critical infrastructure systems. Human-made or naturally occurring EMPs can affect large geographic areas, disrupting elements critical to the Nation’s security and economic prosperity, and could adversely affect global commerce and stability. The Federal Government must foster sustainable, efficient, and cost-effective approaches to improving the Nation’s resilience to the effects of EMPs.

79. Section 61003(c) of division F of the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), is section 61003(c) of Pub. L. 114–94 , div. F, Dec. 4, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1778 , which is set out as a note under section 121 of this title .

80. § 195g. Countering Unmanned Aircraft Systems Coordinator

81. § 195h. National Urban Security Technology Laboratory

82. § 195i. Chemical Security Analysis Center

83. §202 — Border, maritime, and transportation responsibilities

84. §202 — Part C of this subchapter, referred to in par. (6), was in the original “subtitle C”, meaning subtitle C (§ 421 et seq.) of title IV of Pub. L. 107–296 , Nov. 25, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2182 , which enacted part C (§ 231 et seq.) of this subchapter and amended sections 2279e and 2279f of Title 7, Agriculture, and sections 115, 44901, and 47106 of Title 49, Transportation. For complete classification of subtitle C to the Code, see Tables.

85. §203 — Functions transferred

86. §204 — Surface Transportation Security Advisory Committee

87. §205 — Ombudsman for immigration detention

88. §211 — Establishment of U.S. Customs and Border Protection; Commissioner, Deputy Commissioner, and operational offices

89. §212 — Retention of Customs revenue functions by Secretary of the Treasury

90. §213 — Preservation of Customs funds

91. §214 — Separate budget request for Customs

92. §215 — Definition

93. §216 — Protection against potential synthetic opioid exposure

94. §217 — Allocation of resources by the Secretary

95. §218 — Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Business Travel Cards

96. §220 — Methamphetamine and methamphetamine precursor chemicals

97. §221 — Requirements with respect to administering polygraph examinations to law enforcement personnel of U.S. Customs and Border Protection

98. §222 — Advanced Training Center Revolving Fund

99. §223 — Border security metrics

100. §224 — Other reporting requirements

101. §225 — Reports, evaluations, and research regarding drug interdiction at and between ports of entry

102. §226 — Ensuring timely updates to U.S. Customs and Border Protection field manuals

103. §231 — Transfer of certain agricultural inspection functions of the Department of Agriculture

104. §232 — Functions of Administrator of General Services

105. §233 — Functions of Transportation Security Administration

106. §234 — Preservation of Transportation Security Administration as a distinct entity

107. §235 — Coordination of information and information technology

108. §236 — Section 103(f) of the Chemical Weapon Convention Implementation Act of 1998, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(M), probably means section 103(f) of the Chemical Weapons Convention Implementation Act of 1998, which is classified to section 6713(f) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

109. §236 — Section 568 of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2002, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(O), is section 568 of title V of Pub. L. 107–115 , Jan. 10, 2002 , 115 Stat. 2166 , which is not classified to the Code.

110. §236 — Section 613 of the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(L), probably means section 101(b) [title VI, § 616] of Pub. L. 105–277, div. A , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–50 , 2681–114, which prohibits use of funds for issuance of visas to persons alleged to have ordered, carried out, or materially assisted in extrajudicial and political killings in Haiti and to certain others and is not classified to the Code.

111. §236 — Visa issuance

112. §237 — Information on visa denials required to be entered into electronic data system

113. §238 — Office for Domestic Preparedness

114. §239 — Office of Cargo Security Policy

115. §240 — Border Enforcement Security Task Force

116. §241 — Prevention of international child abduction

117. §242 — Department of Homeland Security Blue Campaign

118. § 242a. Department of Homeland Security Center for Countering Human Trafficking

119. § 242b. Reports

120. Section 4(a), referred to in subsec. (a)(1), means section 4(a) of Pub. L. 117–322 , Dec. 27, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4435 , which is not classified to the Code.

121. §243 — Maritime operations coordination plan

122. §244 — Maritime security capabilities assessments

123. §245 — Operational data sharing capability

124. §251 — Transfer of functions

125. §252 — Part E of this subchapter, referred to in subsecs. (a)(3)(C) and (b)(2)(B), was in the original “subtitle E”, meaning subtitle E (§§ 451–462) of title IV of Pub. L. 107–296 , Nov. 25, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2195 , which enacted part E (§ 271 et seq.) of this subchapter, amended sections 1356 and 1573 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality, and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 271 of this title . For complete classification of subtitle E to the Code, see Tables.

126. §252 — U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

127. §253 — Professional responsibility and quality review

128. §254 — Employee discipline

129. §255 — Report on improving enforcement functions

130. §256 — Section 102(b) of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996, referred to in text, is section 102(b) of title I of div. C of Pub. L. 104–208 , which is set out as a note under section 1103 of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

131. §256 — Sense of Congress regarding construction of fencing near San Diego, California

132. §257 — Report

133. §258 — Homeland Security Investigations Victim Assistance Program

134. §271 — Establishment of Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services

135. §272 — Citizenship and Immigration Services Ombudsman

136. §273 — Professional responsibility and quality review

137. §274 — Employee discipline

138. §275 — Transition

139. §276 — Report on improving immigration services

140. §277 — Report on responding to fluctuating needs

141. §278 — Application of Internet-based technologies

142. §279 — Children’s affairs

143. §279 — Section 4, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 4 of Pub. L. 107–296 , which is set out as an Effective Date note under section 101 of this title .

144. §291 — Abolishment of INS

145. §292 — Section 663 of Public Law 104–208 , referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (b)(3), probably means Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title VI, § 663] , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–314 , 3009–383, which is classified as a note under section 5597 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

146. §292 — Voluntary separation incentive payments

147. §293 — Authority to conduct a demonstration project relating to disciplinary action

148. §294 — Sense of Congress

149. §295 — Director of Shared Services

150. §296 — Separation of funding

151. §297 — Reports and implementation plans

152. §298 — Immigration functions

153. §301 — Fee agreements for certain services at ports of entry

154. § 301a. Port of entry donation authority

155. § 301b. Current and proposed agreements

156. Section 4 of the Cross-Border Trade Enhancement Act of 2016, referred to in text, is section 4 of Pub. L. 114–279 , Dec. 16, 2016 , 130 Stat. 1422 , which repealed section 560 of division D of Pub. L. 113–6 and section 559 of title V of division F of Pub. L. 113–76 . Section 560 of Pub. L. 113–6 , was not classified to the Code. Section 559 of Pub. L. 113–76 was classified as a note under section 211 of this title .

157. § 301c. Definitions

158. §311 — Definitions

159. §311 — Section 314(a)(6) of this title , referred to in par. (8), was in the original “section 502(a)(6)” and was translated as meaning section 502 of Pub. L. 107–296 prior to its redesignation as section 504 by Pub. L. 109–295, § 611(8) , and not section 506 which was redesignated section 502 by Pub. L. 109–295, § 611(9) , and is classified to section 312 of this title , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

160. §312 — Definition

161. §313 — Federal Emergency Management Agency

162. §314 — Authority and responsibilities

163. §314 — Section 1. Policy . To ensure that the Federal Government appropriately supports safety and security for individuals with disabilities in situations involving disasters, including earthquakes, tornadoes, fires, floods, hurricanes, and acts of terrorism, it shall be the policy of the United States that executive departments and agencies of the Federal Government (agencies):

164. § 314a. FEMA programs

165. §315 — Functions transferred

166. §316 — Preserving the Federal Emergency Management Agency

167. §316 — Section 452 of this title shall not apply to the Agency, including any function or organizational unit of the Agency.

168. §317 — Regional offices

169. §318 — National Advisory Council

170. §319 — National Integration Center

171. §320 — Credentialing and typing

172. §321 — The National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center

173. § 321a. Evacuation plans and exercises

174. § 321b. Disability Coordinator

175. § 321c. Department and Agency officials

176. § 321d. National Operations Center

177. § 321f. Nuclear incident response

178. § 321g. Conduct of certain public health-related activities

179. § 321h. Use of national private sector networks in emergency response

180. § 321i. Use of commercially available technology, goods, and services

181. Part A of subchapter II of this chapter, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), was in the original “subtitle A of title II”, meaning subtitle A of title II of Pub. L. 107–296 , Nov. 25, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2145 , which is classified generally to part A (§ 121 et seq.) of subchapter II of this chapter. For complete classification of part A to the Code, see Tables.

182. § 321j. Procurement of security countermeasures for Strategic National Stockpile

183. Section 247d–6b(c)(1)(B) of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “section 319F–2(c)(1)(B)”, which was translated as meaning section 319F–2(c)(1)(B) of the Public Health Service Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

184. Section 403–4 of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), was repealed and a new section 403–4 enacted by Pub. L. 108–458, title I, § 1011(a) , Dec. 17, 2004 , 118 Stat. 3660 , and subsequently editorially reclassified to section 3035 of Title 50 , War and National Defense; as so enacted, section 3035 no longer relates to promulgation of standards and qualifications for the performance of intelligence activities.

185. § 321k. Model standards and guidelines for critical infrastructure workers

186. § 321l. Guidance and recommendations

187. § 321m. Voluntary private sector preparedness accreditation and certification program

188. § 321n. Acceptance of gifts

189. § 321o. Integrated public alert and warning system modernization

190. Section 2(b) of the Integrated Public Alert and Warning System Modernization Act of 2015, referred to in subsec. (b)(9), is section 2(b) of Pub. L. 114–143 , Apr. 11, 2016 , 130 Stat. 329 , which is not classified to the Code.

191. § 321p. National planning and education

192. § 321q. Coordination of Department of Homeland Security efforts related to food, agriculture, and veterinary defense against terrorism

193. § 321r. Transfer of equipment during a public health emergency

194. §322 — Continuity of the economy plan

195. §323 — Guidance on how to prevent exposure to and release of PFAS

196. §331 — Treatment of charitable trusts for members of the Armed Forces of the United States and other governmental organizations

197. §341 — Under Secretary for Management

198. §342 — Chief Financial Officer

199. §343 — Chief Information Officer

200. §343 — Section 216 of the E-Government Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(D)(ii), is section 216 of Pub. L. 107–347 , which is set out in a note under section 3501 of Title 44 , Public Printing and Documents.

201. §344 — Chief Human Capital Officer

202. §345 — Establishment of Officer for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties

203. §346 — Consolidation and co-location of offices

204. §347 — Quadrennial homeland security review

205. §348 — Joint task forces

206. §349 — Office of Strategy, Policy, and Plans

207. §350 — Workforce health and medical support

208. §351 — Employee engagement

209. §352 — Annual employee award program

210. §353 — Acquisition professional career program

211. §361 — Office for State and Local Government Coordination

212. §361 — Section 1. Policy . The purpose of this order is to maximize the Federal Government’s ability to develop local partnerships in the United States to support homeland security priorities. Partnerships are collaborative working relationships in which the goals, structure, and roles and responsibilities of the relationships are mutually determined. Collaboration enables the Federal Government and its partners to use resources more efficiently, build on one another’s expertise, drive innovation, engage in collective action, broaden investments to achieve shared goals, and improve performance. Partnerships enhance our ability to address homeland security priorities, from responding to natural disasters to preventing terrorism, by utilizing diverse perspectives, skills, tools, and resources.

213. §381 — Functions transferred

214. §382 — Use of proceeds derived from criminal investigations

215. §383 — National Computer Forensics Institute

216. §383 — Section 659(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (i)(2), was amended by Pub. L. 117–263, § 7143(b)(2)(D)(i) , and no longer defines the term “incident”. Reference to term “incident” as defined in this chapter deemed to be a reference to that term as defined in section 650(12) of this title , see section 7143(f)(2) of Pub. L. 117–263 , set out as a Rule of Construction note under section 650 of this title .

217. §391 — Research and development projects

218. §392 — Personal services

219. §393 — Section 4202(e) of the Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (d)(3), is section 4202(e) of Pub. L. 104–106 , which is set out as a note under section 2304 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

220. §393 — Special streamlined acquisition authority

221. §394 — Unsolicited proposals

222. §395 — Prohibition on contracts with corporate expatriates

223. §396 — Lead system integrator; financial interests

224. §397 — Requirements to buy certain items related to national security interests

225. §411 — Establishment of human resources management system

226. §412 — Labor-management relations

227. §413 — Section 1701(7) of title 21 , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), was redesignated section 1701(11) of title 21 by Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8216(4) , Oct. 24, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4117 .

228. §413 — Use of counternarcotics enforcement activities in certain employee performance appraisals

229. §414 — Homeland Security Rotation Program

230. §415 — Homeland Security Education Program

231. §416 — Use of protective equipment or measures by employees

232. §417 — Rotational cybersecurity research program

233. §421 — Definition

234. §422 — Procurements for defense against or recovery from terrorism or nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological attack

235. §423 — Increased simplified acquisition threshold for procurements in support of humanitarian or peacekeeping operations or contingency operations

236. §424 — Increased micro-purchase threshold for certain procurements

237. §425 — Application of certain commercial items authorities to certain procurements

238. §425 — Section 4202(e) of the Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 4202(e) of Pub. L. 104–106 , which is set out as a note under section 2304 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

239. §426 — Use of streamlined procedures

240. §427 — Review and report by Comptroller General

241. §428 — Identification of new entrants into the Federal marketplace

242. §441 — Administration

243. §442 — Litigation management

244. §443 — Risk management

245. §444 — Definitions

246. §451 — Advisory committees

247. §452 — Reorganization

248. §453 — Section 93 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 504 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 105(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4200 , and references to section 93 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

249. §453 — Use of appropriated funds

250. § 453a. Additional uses of appropriated funds

251. § 453b. Requirement to buy certain items related to national security interests from American sources; exceptions

252. § 453c. Disposition of equines unfit for service

253. §454 — Future Years Homeland Security Program

254. §455 — Miscellaneous authorities

255. §456 — Military activities

256. §457 — Regulatory authority and preemption

257. §457 — Section 1315 of title 40 , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “1706(b)”, meaning section 1706(b) of Pub. L. 107–296 , which amended generally section 1315 of Title 40 , Public Buildings, Property, and Works, and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 1315 of Title 40 . For complete classification of section 1706(b) to the Code, see Tables.

258. §458 — Office of Counternarcotics Enforcement

259. §459 — Office of International Affairs

260. §460 — Prohibition of the Terrorism Information and Prevention System

261. §461 — Review of pay and benefit plans

262. §462 — Office of National Capital Region Coordination

263. §463 — Requirement to comply with laws protecting equal employment opportunity and providing whistleblower protections

264. §464 — Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers

265. § 464b. Staffing accreditation function

266. § 464c. Student housing

267. § 464d. Additional funds for training

268. Section 801 of the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, referred to in text, is section 801 of Pub. L. 104–132 , which is set out as a note under section 509 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

269. § 464e. Short-term medical services for students

270. §465 — Joint Interagency Task Force

271. §466 — Sense of Congress reaffirming the continued importance and applicability of the Posse Comitatus Act

272. §467 — Coordination with the Department of Health and Human Services under the Public Health Service Act

273. §468 — Preserving Coast Guard mission performance

274. §468 — Section 3 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (g), was redesignated section 103 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 103(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4195 , and references to section 3 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

275. §469 — Fees for credentialing and background investigations in transportation

276. § 469a. Collection of fees from non-Federal participants in meetings

277. §470 — Disclosures regarding homeland security grants

278. §471 — Annual ammunition report

279. §472 — Annual weaponry report

280. §473 — Cyber Crimes Center, Child Exploitation Investigations Unit, Computer Forensics Unit, and Cyber Crimes Unit

281. §474 — Homeland security critical domain research and development

282. §475 — Transnational Criminal Investigative Units

283. § 475a. Mentor-protégé program

284. Section 1067q(a) of title 20 , referrred to in subsec. (h)(3), was in the original “section 317 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 1067q(a) )” and was translated as reading “section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

285. §481 — Short title; findings; and sense of Congress

286. §482 — Facilitating homeland security information sharing procedures

287. §482 — Section 1. Assignment of Functions . (a) The functions of the President under section 892 of the Act are assigned to the Secretary of Homeland Security (the “Secretary”), except the functions of the President under subsections 892(a)(2) and 892(b)(7).

288. §483 — Report

289. §484 — Authorization of appropriations

290. § 484a. Reciprocal information sharing

291. §485 — Information sharing

292. §485 — Section 1. Policy . To the maximum extent consistent with applicable law, agencies shall, in the design and use of information systems and in the dissemination of information among agencies:

293. §486 — Limitation of liability

294. §488 — Definitions

295. § 488a. Regulation of the sale and transfer of ammonium nitrate

296. § 488b. Inspection and auditing of records

297. § 488c. Administrative provisions

298. § 488d. Theft reporting requirement

299. § 488e. Prohibitions and penalty

300. § 488f. Protection from civil liability

301. § 488g. Preemption of other laws

302. § 488h. Deadlines for regulations

303. § 488i. Authorization of appropriations

304. §491 — National Homeland Security Council

305. §492 — Function

306. §493 — Membership

307. §494 — Other functions and activities

308. §495 — Staff composition

309. §496 — Relation to the National Security Council

310. §511 — Information security responsibilities of certain agencies

311. §512 — Construction

312. §513 — Federal air marshal program

313. §521 — Legal status of EOIR

314. §522 — Statutory construction

315. §531 — Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives

316. §532 — Explosives Training and Research Facility

317. §533 — Transferred

318. §541 — Definitions

319. §542 — Reorganization plan

320. §542 — Section 1502(b) of the Act identifies six elements, together with other elements “as the President deems appropriate,” as among those for discussion in the plan. Each of the elements set out in the statute is identified verbatim below, followed by a discussion of current plans with respect to that element.

321. §543 — Review of congressional committee structures

322. §551 — Transitional authorities

323. §552 — Savings provisions

324. § 552a. Savings provision of certain transfers made under the Homeland Security Act of 2002

325. §553 — Terminations

326. §554 — National identification system not authorized

327. §555 — Continuity of Inspector General oversight

328. §556 — Incidental transfers

329. §557 — Reference

330. §561 — Definitions

331. §563 — 5-year technology investment plan

332. § 563a. Acquisition justification and reports

333. § 563b. Acquisition baseline establishment and reports

334. § 563c. Inventory utilization

335. § 563d. Small business contracting goals

336. § 563e. Consistency with the Federal Acquisition Regulation and departmental policies and directives

337. § 563f. Diversified security technology industry marketplace

338. §565 — Maintenance validation and oversight

339. §571 — Emergency Communications Division

340. §572 — National Emergency Communications Plan

341. §573 — Assessments and reports

342. §574 — Coordination of Department emergency communications grant programs

343. §575 — Regional emergency communications coordination

344. §576 — Emergency Communications Preparedness Center

345. §577 — Urban and other high risk area communications capabilities

346. §578 — Definition

347. §579 — Interoperable Emergency Communications Grant Program

348. §580 — Border interoperability demonstration project

349. §590 — Definitions

350. §591 — Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction Office

351. § 591g. Mission of the Office

352. § 591h. Relationship to other Department components and Federal agencies

353. §592 — Responsibilities

354. §592 — Section 1036 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2010, referred to in subsec. (a)(10), is section 1036 of Pub. L. 111–84 , Oct. 28, 2009 , 123 Stat. 2190 , which is not classified to the Code. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

355. § 592a. Technology research and development investment strategy for nuclear and radiological detection

356. §593 — Hiring authority

357. §593 — Section 1101 of the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999, referred to in text, is section 1101 of Pub. L. 105–261 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 3104 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XI, § 1121(b) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2452 . See section 4092 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

358. §594 — Testing authority

359. §596 — Contracting and grant making authorities

360. § 596a. Joint annual interagency review of global nuclear detection architecture

361. Section 1036 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2010, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(C)(i), is section 1036 of Pub. L. 111–84 , Oct. 28, 2009 , 123 Stat. 2190 , which is not classified to the Code. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

362. § 596b. Securing the Cities program

363. §597 — Chief Medical Officer

364. § 597a. Medical countermeasures

365. §601 — Definitions

366. §603 — Homeland security grant programs

367. §603 — Section 1014 of the USA PATRIOT Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 1014 of Pub. L. 107–56 , which is set out as a note under this section.

368. §604 — Urban Area Security Initiative

369. §605 — State Homeland Security Grant Program

370. §606 — Grants to directly eligible tribes

371. §607 — Terrorism prevention

372. §608 — Prioritization

373. §609 — Section 3 of the DOTGOV Online Trust in Government Act of 2020, referred to in subsec. (a)(14), probably means section 903 of title IX of div. U of Pub. L. 116–260 , which defines “online service” and is set out as a note under section 665 of this title .

374. §609 — Use of funds

375. Chapter 35 of title 44 (commonly known as the “Paperwork Reduction Act”) shall not apply to any changes to the application materials, Program forms, or other core Program documentation intended to enhance participation by eligible nonprofit organizations in the Program.

376. § 609a. Nonprofit Security Grant Program

377. §611 — Administration and coordination

378. §612 — Accountability

379. §613 — Identification of reporting redundancies and development of performance metrics

380. §613 — Section 612(a)(4) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(B), was redesignated section 612(a)(3) of this title by Pub. L. 113–284, § 2(c)(2)(A) , Dec. 18, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3089 .

381. §641 — Definitions

382. §642 — Training for Department personnel to identify human trafficking

383. §643 — Certification and report to Congress

384. §643 — Section 402(a), referred to in subsec. (a), probably should be a reference to section 902(a), meaning section 902(a) of Pub. L. 114–22 , which is classified to section 642(a) of this title . Section 402 of Pub. L. 114–22 , which is classified to section 21301 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement, does not contain a subsec. (a) and does not relate to the training of personnel.

385. §644 — Assistance to non-Federal entities

386. §645 — Victim protection training for the Department of Homeland Security

387. § 645a. Human trafficking assessment

388. §650 — Definitions

389. §651 — Definition

390. §651 — Sec. 2. Definitions . As used in this order:

391. §651 — Sec. 3. Policy . It is the policy of the United States to ensure that disruption or manipulation of PNT services does not undermine the reliable and efficient functioning of its critical infrastructure. The Federal Government must increase the Nation’s awareness of the extent to which critical infrastructure depends on, or is enhanced by, PNT services, and it must ensure critical infrastructure can withstand disruption or manipulation of PNT services.

392. §651 — Sec. 4. Implementation . (a) Within 1 year of the date of this order [ Feb. 12, 2020 ], the Secretary of Commerce, in coordination with the heads of SSAs and in consultation, as appropriate, with the private sector, shall develop and make available, to at least the appropriate agencies and private sector users, PNT profiles. The PNT profiles will enable the public and private sectors to identify systems, networks, and assets dependent on PNT services; identify appropriate PNT services; detect the disruption and manipulation of PNT services; and manage the associated risks to the systems, networks, and assets dependent on PNT services. Once made available, the PNT profiles shall be reviewed every 2 years and, as necessary, updated.

393. §651 — Sec. 5. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

394. §651 — Section 1. Purpose . The national and economic security of the United States depends on the reliable and efficient functioning of critical infrastructure. Since the United States made the Global Positioning System available worldwide, positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services provided by space-based systems have become a largely invisible utility for technology and infrastructure, including the electrical power grid, communications infrastructure and mobile devices, all modes of transportation, precision agriculture, weather forecasting, and emergency response. Because of the widespread adoption of PNT services, the disruption or manipulation of these services has the potential to adversely affect the national and economic security of the United States. To strengthen national resilience, the Federal Government must foster the responsible use of PNT services by critical infrastructure owners and operators.

395. §652 — Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency

396. § 652a. Sector Risk Management Agencies

397. §653 — Cybersecurity Division

398. §654 — Infrastructure Security Division

399. §655 — Enhancement of Federal and non-Federal cybersecurity

400. §656 — NET Guard

401. §657 — Cyber Security Enhancement Act of 2002

402. §658 — Cybersecurity recruitment and retention

403. §659 — National cybersecurity and communications integration center

404. §659 — Title I of the Cybersecurity Act of 2015, referred to in subsecs. (c)(1) and (h)(1), is title I of Pub. L. 114–113, div. N , Dec. 18, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2936 , also known as the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015, which is classified generally to subchapter I of chapter 6 of this title. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1501 of this title and Tables.

405. §660 — Cybersecurity plans

406. §661 — Cybersecurity strategy

407. §662 — Clearances

408. §663 — Federal intrusion detection and prevention system

409. §663 — Section 208(b) of the E-Government Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (c)(6), is section 208(b) of title II of Pub. L. 107–347 , which is set out in a note under section 3501 of Title 44 , Public Printing and Documents.

410. §664 — National asset database

411. §665 — Duties and authorities relating to .gov internet domain

412. § 665a. Intelligence and cybersecurity diversity fellowship program

413. § 665b. Joint cyber planning office

414. § 665c. Cybersecurity State Coordinator

415. § 665d. Sector Risk Management Agencies

416. § 665e. Cybersecurity Advisory Committee

417. § 665f. Cybersecurity education and training programs

418. § 665g. State and Local Cybersecurity Grant Program

419. § 665h. National Cyber Exercise Program

420. § 665i. CyberSentry program

421. Section 1501 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is section 1501 of Pub. L. 117–81 , div. A, title XV, Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat. 2020 , related to development of taxonomy of cyber capabilities, which is not classified to the Code.

422. Section 1548(a) of Pub. L. 117–81 , which directed that this section be added at the end of title XXII of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, was executed by adding this section at the end of this part as if the directory language had added the section at the end of subtitle A of title XXII of the Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

423. § 665j. Ransomware threat mitigation activities

424. § 665k. Federal Clearinghouse on School Safety Evidence-based Practices

425. § 665l. School and daycare protection

426. § 665m. President’s Cup Cybersecurity Competition

427. § 665n. Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity Training Initiative

428. §671 — Definitions

429. §672 — Designation of critical infrastructure protection program

430. §673 — Protection of voluntarily shared critical infrastructure information

431. §674 — No private right of action

432. §677 — Sense of Congress

433. § 677a. Definitions

434. § 677b. Declaration

435. § 677c. Cyber Response and Recovery Fund

436. § 677d. Notification and reporting

437. § 677e. Rule of construction

438. § 677f. Authorization of appropriations

439. § 677g. Sunset

440. §681 — Definitions

441. §681 — Section 659 of this title , referred to in par. (5)(A), was subsequently amended, and section 659(a) no longer defines the term “incident”. Reference to term, “incident”, as defined in this chapter deemed to be a reference to that term as defined in section 650(12) of this title , see section 7143(f)(2) of Pub. L. 117–263 , set out as a Rule of Construction note under section 650 of this title .

442. § 681a. Cyber incident review

443. § 681b. Required reporting of certain cyber incidents

444. Section 681(14)(A) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(C)(ii), was repealed by section 7143(b)(2)(N)(v) of Pub. L. 117–263 . See section 650(22)(A) of this title . References to terms defined in this chapter deemed to be references to those terms as defined in section 650 of this title , see section 7143(f)(2) of Pub. L. 117–263 , set out as a Rule of Construction note under section 650 of this title .

445. Section 681e of this title shall apply in the same manner and to the same extent to reports and information submitted under subsections (a) and (b) as it applies to reports and information submitted under section 681b of this title .

446. § 681c. Voluntary reporting of other cyber incidents

447. § 681d. Noncompliance with required reporting

448. § 681e. Information shared with or provided to the Federal Government

449. § 681f. Cyber Incident Reporting Council

450. § 681g. Federal sharing of incident reports

451. Section 103 of this division, referred to in text, is section 103 of div. Y of Pub. L. 117–103 , which enacted this part and amended section 659 of this title .

452. §701 — Definitions

453. §701 — Section 314(a)(6) of this title , referred to in par. (13), was in the original “section 502(a)(6) of the Homeland Security Act 2002” and was translated as meaning section 502 of Pub. L. 107–296 prior to its redesignation as section 504 by Pub. L. 109–295, § 611(8) , and not section 506 of Pub. L. 107–296 which was redesignated section 502 by Pub. L. 109–295, § 611(9) , and is classified to section 312 of this title , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

454. §711 — Surge Capacity Force

455. §721 — Evacuation preparedness technical assistance

456. §722 — Urban Search and Rescue Response System

457. §723 — Metropolitan Medical Response Grant Program

458. §724 — Logistics

459. §725 — Prepositioned equipment program

460. §726 — Basic life supporting first aid and education

461. §727 — Improvements to information technology systems

462. §728 — Disclosure of certain information to law enforcement agencies

463. §741 — Definitions

464. §742 — National preparedness

465. §743 — National preparedness goal

466. §744 — Establishment of national preparedness system

467. §745 — National planning scenarios

468. §746 — Target capabilities and preparedness priorities

469. §747 — Equipment and training standards

470. §748 — Training and exercises

471. § 748a. Prioritization of facilities

472. §749 — Comprehensive assessment system

473. §750 — Remedial action management program

474. §751 — Federal response capability inventory

475. §752 — Reporting requirements

476. §753 — Federal preparedness

477. §754 — Use of existing resources

478. §761 — Emergency Management Assistance Compact grants

479. §762 — Emergency management performance grants program

480. §763 — Transfer of Noble Training Center

481. § 763a. Training for Federal Government, foreign governments, or private entities

482. §764 — National exercise simulation center

483. §765 — Real property transactions

484. §771 — National Disaster Recovery Strategy

485. §772 — National Disaster Housing Strategy

486. §773 — Individuals with disabilities guidelines

487. §774 — Reunification

488. §775 — National Emergency Family Registry and Locator System

489. §776 — Individuals and households pilot program

490. §777 — Public assistance pilot program

491. §791 — Advance contracting

492. §793 — Oversight and accountability of Federal disaster expenditures

493. §794 — Limitation on length of certain noncompetitive contracts

494. §795 — Fraud, waste, and abuse controls

495. §796 — Registry of disaster response contractors

496. §797 — Fraud prevention training program

497. §811 — Authorization of appropriations

498. §821 — Definitions

499. §821 — Section 5195c(e) of title 42 , referred to in par. (4), was in the original “section 1016(e) of the Critical Infrastructure Protection Act of 2001” and was translated as reading “section 1016(e) of the Critical Infrastructures Protection Act of 2001”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

500. §822 — Assessment of global catastrophic risk

501. §823 — Report required

502. §824 — Enhanced catastrophic incident annex

503. §825 — Rules of construction

504. §901 — Definitions

505. §901 — Section 70101(6) of title 46 , referred to in pars. (16) and (17), was redesignated section 70101(7) of title 46 by Pub. L. 115–254, div. J, § 1805(b)(1) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3534 .

506. §901 — Section 9503(c) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987, referred to in par. (2), is section 9503(c) of title IX of Pub. L. 100–203 , which was set out as a note under section 2071 of Title 19 , Customs Duties, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–125, title I, § 109(g)(1) , Feb. 24, 2016 , 130 Stat. 137 . For establishment of successor committee, see section 4316(a) of Title 19 .

507. §912 — Port Security Exercise Program

508. §913 — Facility exercise requirements

509. §921 — Domestic radiation detection and imaging

510. § 921a. Integration of detection equipment and technologies

511. §923 — Random searches of containers

512. §924 — Threat assessment screening of port truck drivers

513. §925 — Border Patrol unit for United States Virgin Islands

514. §926 — Center of Excellence for Maritime Domain Awareness

515. §941 — Strategic plan to enhance the security of the international supply chain

516. §942 — Post-incident resumption of trade

517. §943 — Automated Targeting System

518. §943 — Section 343(a) of the Trade Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 343(a) of Pub. L. 107–210 , which was set out as a note under section 2071 of Title 19 , Customs Duties, prior to editorial transfer to section 1415(a) of Title 19 .

519. §944 — Container security standards and procedures

520. §945 — Container Security Initiative

521. §961 — Establishment

522. §962 — Eligible entities

523. §963 — Minimum requirements

524. §964 — Tier 1 participants in C–TPAT

525. §965 — Tier 2 participants in C–TPAT

526. §966 — Tier 3 participants in C–TPAT

527. §967 — Consequences for lack of compliance

528. §968 — Third party validations

529. §969 — Revalidation

530. §970 — Noncontainerized cargo

531. §971 — C–TPAT program management

532. §972 — Additional personnel

533. §973 — Authorization of appropriations

534. §981 — Pilot integrated scanning system

535. § 981a. Pilot integrated scanning system

536. §982 — Screening and scanning of cargo containers

537. §983 — Inspection technology and training

538. §985 — Information sharing relating to supply chain security cooperation

539. §1001 — Designation of liaison office of Department of State

540. §1002 — Homeland Security Science and Technology Advisory Committee

541. §1003 — Research, development, test, and evaluation efforts in furtherance of maritime and cargo security

542. §1101 — Definitions

543. §1101 — Section 1. Policy . The security of our Nation’s surface transportation systems is a national priority, vital to our economy, and essential to the security of our Nation. Federal, State, local, and tribal governments, the private sector, and the public share responsibility for the security of surface transportation. It is the policy of the United States to protect the people, property, and territory of the United States by facilitating the implementation of a comprehensive, coordinated, and efficient security program to protect surface transportation systems within and adjacent to the United States against terrorist attacks.

544. §1102 — National Domestic Preparedness Consortium

545. §1103 — National Transportation Security Center of Excellence

546. §1104 — Immunity for reports of suspected terrorist activity or suspicious behavior and response

547. §1111 — Definitions

548. §1112 — Authorization of Visible Intermodal Prevention and Response teams

549. §1113 — Section 114(t) of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (g), was redesignated section 114(s) of title 49 by Pub. L. 110–161, div. E, title V, § 568(a) , Dec. 26, 2007 , 121 Stat. 2092 .

550. §1113 — Surface transportation security inspectors

551. §1114 — Surface transportation security technology information sharing

552. §1115 — TSA personnel limitations

553. §1116 — National explosives detection canine team training program

554. §1117 — Roles of the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Transportation

555. §1118 — Biometrics expansion

556. §1119 — Section 622 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(B), was omitted from the Code.

557. §1119 — Voluntary use of credentialing

558. §1131 — Definitions

559. §1132 — Findings

560. §1133 — National Strategy for Public Transportation Security

561. §1133 — Section 114(t) of title 49 , referred to in subsecs. (a) and (e), was redesignated section 114(s) of title 49 by Pub. L. 110–161, div. E, title V, § 568(a) , Dec. 26, 2007 , 121 Stat. 2092 .

562. §1134 — Security assessments and plans

563. §1135 — Public transportation security assistance

564. §1136 — Security exercises

565. §1137 — Public transportation security training program

566. § 1137a. Local law enforcement security training

567. §1138 — Public transportation research and development

568. §1139 — Information sharing

569. §1139 — Section 1203, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 1203 of title XII of Pub. L. 110–53 , Aug. 3, 2007 , 121 Stat. 383 , which amended section 114 of Title 49 , Transportation, and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 114 of Title 49 .

570. §1140 — Threat assessments

571. §1141 — Reporting requirements

572. §1142 — Public transportation employee protections

573. §1143 — Security background checks of covered individuals for public transportation

574. §1144 — Limitation on fines and civil penalties

575. §1151 — Definitions

576. §1152 — Oversight and grant procedures

577. §1153 — Authorization of appropriations

578. §1154 — Public awareness

579. §1155 — Security awareness program

580. §1156 — Nuclear material and explosive detection technology

581. §1161 — Railroad transportation security risk assessment and National Strategy

582. §1161 — Section 114(t) of title 49 , referred to in subsecs. (b)(1), (d), and (f), was redesignated section 114(s) of title 49 by Pub. L. 110–161, div. E, title V, § 568(a) , Dec. 26, 2007 , 121 Stat. 2092 .

583. §1161 — Section 114(w) of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (g), was redesignated section 114(v) of title 49 by Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, § 1904(b)(1)(I) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3545 .

584. §1162 — Railroad carrier assessments and plans

585. §1163 — Railroad security assistance

586. §1163 — Section 114(w) of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (i)(1), was redesignated section 114(v) of title 49 by Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, § 1904(b)(1)(I) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3545 .

587. §1164 — Section 114(w) of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), was redesignated section 114(v) of title 49 by Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, § 1904(b)(1)(I) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3545 .

588. §1164 — Systemwide Amtrak security upgrades

589. §1165 — Fire and life safety improvements

590. §1166 — Railroad carrier exercises

591. §1167 — Railroad security training program

592. §1168 — Railroad security research and development

593. §1168 — Section 114(w) of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was redesignated section 114(v) of title 49 by Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, § 1904(b)(1)(I) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3545 .

594. §1169 — Railroad tank car security testing

595. §1170 — Security background checks of covered individuals

596. §1171 — International railroad security program

597. §1172 — Railroad security enhancements; Model State legislation

598. §1181 — Over-the-road bus security assessments and plans

599. §1182 — Over-the-road bus security assistance

600. §1182 — Section 114(w) of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (k)(1), was redesignated section 114(v) of title 49 by Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, § 1904(b)(1)(I) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3545 .

601. §1183 — Over-the-road bus exercises

602. §1184 — Over-the-road bus security training program

603. §1185 — Over-the-road bus security research and development

604. §1185 — Section 114(w) of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was redesignated section 114(v) of title 49 by Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, § 1904(b)(1)(I) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3545 .

605. §1186 — Memorandum of Understanding annex

606. §1201 — Railroad routing of security-sensitive materials

607. §1202 — Railroad security-sensitive material tracking

608. §1203 — Hazardous materials highway routing

609. §1204 — Motor carrier security-sensitive material tracking

610. §1204 — Section 114(w) of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was redesignated section 114(v) of title 49 by Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, § 1904(b)(1)(I) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3545 .

611. §1205 — Hazardous materials security inspections and study

612. §1206 — Use of transportation security card in hazmat licensing

613. §1207 — Pipeline security inspections and enforcement

614. §1207 — Section 114(w) of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was redesignated section 114(v) of title 49 by Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, § 1904(b)(1)(I) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3545 .

615. §1208 — Pipeline security and incident recovery plan

616. §1401 — Definitions

617. §1405 — Authorization of appropriations

618. §1500 — National Cyber Director

619. §1501 — Definitions

620. §1502 — Sharing of information by the Federal Government

621. §1503 — Authorizations for preventing, detecting, analyzing, and mitigating cybersecurity threats

622. §1504 — Sharing of cyber threat indicators and defensive measures with the Federal Government

623. §1505 — Protection from liability

624. §1506 — Oversight of government activities

625. §1507 — Construction and preemption

626. §1508 — Report on cybersecurity threats

627. §1509 — Exception to limitation on authority of Secretary of Defense to disseminate certain information

628. §1510 — Effective period

629. §1521 — Definitions

630. §1522 — Advanced internal defenses

631. §1523 — Federal cybersecurity requirements

632. §1524 — Assessment; reports

633. §1525 — Termination

634. §1526 — Inventory of cryptographic systems; migration to post-quantum cryptography

635. §1531 — Apprehension and prosecution of international cyber criminals

636. §1532 — Enhancement of emergency services

637. §1533 — Improving cybersecurity in the health care industry

638. §1533 — Section 264(c) of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, referred to subsec. (d)(1)(C)(ii), is section 264(c) of Pub. L. 104–191 , which is set out as a note under section 1320d–2 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

639. §1534 — Cybercrime

Title 7

1. §1 — Short title

2. § 1a. Definitions

3. Section 225 of

4. Section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in pars. (21)(B) and (39)(A)(iv), (vii), popularly known as the Edge Act, is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 611 of Title 12 and Tables.

5. § 1b. Requirements of Secretary of the Treasury regarding exemption of foreign exchange swaps and foreign exchange forwards from definition of the term “swap”

6. §2 — Jurisdiction of Commission; liability of principal for act of agent; Commodity Futures Trading Commission; transaction in interstate commerce

7. §5 — Findings and purpose

8. §6 — Regulation of futures trading and foreign transactions

9. §6 — Section 12(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(A)(i)(I), was in the original a reference to section “8e” and has been translated as if the reference had been to section “8(e)” to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Section 8e of act Sept. 21, 1922 , which was formerly classified to section 12e of this title , was repealed by Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(5) [title I, § 123(a)(21)] , Dec. 21, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2763 , 2763A–410.

10. § 6a. Excessive speculation

11. § 6b. Contracts designed to defraud or mislead

12. § 6c. Prohibited transactions

13. Section 2 of the STOCK Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is section 2 of Pub. L. 112–105 , which is set out as a note under section 13101 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

14. § 6d. Dealing by unregistered futures commission merchants or introducing brokers prohibited; duties in handling customer receipts; conflict-of-interest systems and procedures; Chief Compliance Officer; rules to avoid duplicative regulations; swap requirements; portfolio margining accounts

15. § 6e. Dealings by unregistered floor trader or broker prohibited

16. § 6f. Registration and financial requirements; risk assessment

17. Section 9 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(4)(B)(i), is section 9 of act Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6 , 38 Stat. 251 , which is classified generally to subchapter VIII (§ 321 et seq.) of chapter 3 of Title 12, Banks and Banking.

18. § 6g. Reporting and recordkeeping

19. § 6h. False self-representation as registered entity member prohibited

20. § 6i. Reports of deals equal to or in excess of trading limits; books and records; cash and controlled transactions

21. § 6j. Restrictions on dual trading in security futures products on designated contract markets and registered derivatives transaction execution facilities

22. § 6k. Registration of associates of futures commission merchants, commodity pool operators, and commodity trading advisors; required disclosure of disqualifications; exemptions for associated persons

23. § 6l. Commodity trading advisors and commodity pool operators; Congressional finding

24. § 6m. Use of mails or other means or instrumentalities of interstate commerce by commodity trading advisors and commodity pool operators; relation to other law

25. § 6n. Registration of commodity trading advisors and commodity pool operators; application; expiration and renewal; record keeping and reports; disclosure; statements of account

26. § 6o. Fraud and misrepresentation by commodity trading advisors, commodity pool operators, and associated persons

27. § 6p. Standards and examinations

28. § 6q. Special procedures to encourage and facilitate bona fide hedging by agricultural producers

29. § 6r. Reporting and recordkeeping for uncleared swaps

30. § 6s. Registration and regulation of swap dealers and major swap participants

31. § 6t. Large swap trader reporting

32. §7 — Designation of boards of trade as contract markets

33. § 7b. Suspension or revocation of designation as registered entity

34. §8 — Application for designation as contract market or derivatives transaction execution facility; time; suspension or revocation of designation; hearing; review by court of appeals

35. §9 — Prohibition regarding manipulation and false information

36. § 9a. Assessment of money penalties

37. § 9b. Rules prohibiting deceptive and other abusive telemarketing acts or practices

38. § 9c. Notice of investigations and enforcement actions

39. § 10a. Cooperative associations and corporations, exclusion from board of trade; rules of board inapplicable to payment of compensation by association

40. §11 — Vacation on request of designation or registration as “registered entity”; redesignation or reregistration

41. §12 — Public disclosure

42. § 12a. Registration of commodity dealers and associated persons; regulation of registered entities

43. § 12b. Trading ban violations; prohibition

44. § 12c. Disciplinary actions

45. § 12d. Commission action for noncompliance with export sales reporting requirements

46. Section 612c–3 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, § 1578 , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3702 .

47. §13 — Violations generally; punishment; costs of prosecution

48. § 13a. Nonenforcement of rules of government or other violations; cease and desist orders; fines and penalties; imprisonment; misdemeanor; separate offenses

49. § 13b. Manipulations or other violations; cease and desist orders against persons other than registered entities; punishment

50. § 13c. Responsibility as principal; minor violations

51. § 15b. Cotton futures contracts

52. §16 — Commission operations

53. §16 — Section 2(e) of this title relating to the exclusion of electronic trading facilities, referred to in subsec. (e)(2)(A), was struck out by Pub. L. 111–203, title VII, § 723(a)(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1675 .

54. § 16a. Service fees and National Futures Association study

55. §17 — Separability

56. § 17a. Separability of 1936 amendment

57. § 17b. Separability of 1968 amendment

58. §18 — Complaints against registered persons

59. §19 — Consideration of costs and benefits and antitrust laws

60. §20 — Market reports

61. §21 — Registered futures associations

62. §22 — Research and information programs; reports to Congress

63. §23 — Standardized contracts for certain commodities

64. §24 — Customer property with respect to commodity broker debtors; definitions

65. § 24a. Swap data repositories

66. §25 — Private rights of action

67. §26 — Commodity whistleblower incentives and protection

68. §27 — Definitions

69. §27 — Section 206 of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 206 of Pub. L. 106–102 which is set out as a note under section 78c of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

70. §27 — Section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(4), is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(5), is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12.

71. § 27a. Exclusion of identified banking product

72. § 27c. Exclusion of certain other identified banking products

73. § 27d. Administration of the predominance test

74. § 27f. Contract enforcement

75. §51 — Short title

76. § 51a. Extension of classification facilities to cotton growers

77. § 51b. Licensing samplers; revocation and suspension of license

78. §52 — Use of nonofficial standards prohibited; sales by sample excepted

79. §53 — Licensing classifiers; revocation and suspension of license

80. §54 — Classification by Department of Agriculture; certification thereof; effect of certificate; regulations for classification

81. §55 — Fees and charges for cotton classing and related services; criteria; disposition of moneys and samples

82. §56 — Establishment of cotton standards; furnishing copies of established standards sold

83. §57 — Disposition of proceeds of sale of cotton and of copies of standards

84. § 57a. Agreements with cotton associations, etc., in foreign countries to establish cotton standards

85. §58 — General inspection and sampling of cotton

86. §59 — Offenses in relation to cotton standards

87. §60 — Penalties for violations

88. §61 — General regulations, investigations, tests, etc., by Secretary

89. § 61a. Annual review meetings with cotton industry representatives; purposes, etc.

90. §62 — Definitions

91. §63 — Liability of principal for act of agent

92. §64 — Appropriation for expenses; appointment by Secretary of officers and agents; compensation

93. §65 — Separability

94. §71 — Short title

95. §74 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

96. §75 — Definitions

97. §76 — Standards and procedures; establishment, amendment, and revocation

98. §77 — Official inspection and weighing requirements; waiver; supervision by representatives of Secretary

99. §78 — Use of official grade designations required; false or misleading grade designations for grain shipped out of the United States

100. §79 — Official inspection

101. § 79a. Weighing authority

102. § 79b. Testing of equipment

103. § 79d. Limitation on administrative and supervisory costs

104. §84 — Licensing of inspectors

105. §85 — Suspension, revocation, and refusal to renew licenses; hearing; grounds; temporary suspension

106. §86 — Refusal of inspection and weighing services; civil penalties

107. §87 — Conflicts of interest

108. § 87a. Records

109. § 87b. Prohibited acts

110. § 87c. Criminal penalties

111. § 87d. Responsibility for acts of others

112. § 87e. General authorities

113. § 87f. Enforcement provisions

114. § 87g. Relation to State and local laws; separability

115. § 87h. Funding

116. § 87j. Advisory committee

117. § 87k. Standardizing commercial inspections

118. §91 — Short title

119. §92 — Definitions

120. §93 — Establishment of official naval stores standards

121. §94 — Supplying duplicates of standards; examination, etc., of naval stores and certification thereof

122. §95 — Prohibition of acts deemed injurious to commerce in naval stores

123. §96 — Punishment for violation of prohibition

124. §97 — Purchase and analysis by Secretary of samples of spirits of turpentine to detect violations; reports to Department of Justice; publication of results of analysis, etc.

125. §98 — Fees and charges for naval stores inspection and related services; establishment, collection, etc.; authorization of appropriations; administrative expenses

126. §99 — Separability

127. §136 — Definitions

128. §136 — Section 27(b) of Federal Pesticide Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (ee), is section 27(b) of Pub. L. 95–396 , Sept. 30, 1978 , 92 Stat. 841 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 136w–4 of this title .

129. §136 — Section 321 of title 21 , referred to in subsec. (u), was subsequently amended, and subsecs. (w) and (x) of section 321 no longer define the terms “new animal drug” and “animal feed”, respectively. However, such terms are defined elsewhere in that section.

130. § 136a. Registration of pesticides

131. § 136b. Transferred

132. § 136c. Experimental use permits

133. § 136d. Administrative review; suspension

134. § 136e. Registration of establishments

135. § 136f. Books and records

136. § 136g. Inspection of establishments, etc.

137. § 136h. Protection of trade secrets and other information

138. § 136i. Use of restricted use pesticides; applicators

139. § 136j. Unlawful acts

140. § 136k. Stop sale, use, removal, and seizure

141. § 136l. Penalties

142. § 136m. Indemnities

143. § 136n. Administrative procedure; judicial review

144. § 136o. Imports and exports

145. § 136p. Exemption of Federal and State agencies

146. § 136q. Storage, disposal, transportation, and recall

147. § 136r. Research and monitoring

148. § 136s. Solicitation of comments; notice of public hearings

149. § 136t. Delegation and cooperation

150. § 136u. State cooperation, aid, and training

151. § 136v. Authority of States

152. § 136w. Authority of Administrator

153. § 136x. Severability

154. § 136y. Authorization of appropriations

155. §138 — Definitions

156. § 138a. National Laboratory Accreditation Program

157. § 138b. Accreditation

158. § 138c. Samples

159. § 138d. Application

160. § 138e. Reporting

161. § 138f. Fees

162. § 138g. Public disclosure

163. § 138h. Regulations

164. § 138i. Effect of other laws

165. Section 147a, acts Sept. 21, 1944, ch. 412 , title I, § 102, 58 Stat. 735 , as amended, which related to fees for inspection of plants for exporting or transiting, was transferred to section 7759 of this title .

166. Section 147b, Pub. L. 97–46, § 1 , Sept. 25, 1981 , 95 Stat. 953 , as amended, which related to transfer of funds for emergency arrest of animal or poultry diseases, was transferred to section 129a of Title 21 , Food and Drugs, and was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 107–171, title X, § 10418(a)(1) , May 13, 2002 , 116 Stat. 507 .

167. § 147b. Transferred

168. §166 — Transferred

169. §171 — Program for development of guayule and other rubber-bearing plants

170. §172 — Authorization of Secretary to appoint employees; delegation of powers; cooperation with other agencies; allotment of funds; leases of facilities and disposal of water

171. §173 — Authorization of appropriations

172. §175 — Lease or sublease of unsuitable lands; disposal of water supply

173. §176 — Sale of guayule shrub to Reconstruction Finance Corporation

174. §176 — Section 6(a) of 1957 Reorg. Plan No. 1, eff. June 30, 1957 , 22 F.R. 4633, 71 Stat. 649 , set out as a note under section 601 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade, abolished Reconstruction Finance Corporation.

175. §178 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

176. § 178a. Definitions

177. § 178b. Joint Commission on Research and Development of Critical Agricultural Materials

178. § 178c. Research and development program by Secretary of Agriculture

179. § 178d. Research and development program by Secretary of Commerce

180. § 178e. Cooperative projects with Mexico, Australia, and Israel

181. § 178f. Assistance from States and public agencies; contracts and agreements

182. § 178g. Powers of Secretary of Agriculture

183. § 178h. Powers of Secretary of Commerce

184. § 178i. Coordination of activities with Federal agencies

185. § 178j. Laws governing inventions under this subchapter

186. § 178k. Disposition of byproducts and strategic and industrially important products

187. § 178l. Rules and regulations

188. § 178m. Report to President and Congress

189. § 178n. Administration and funding

190. §181 — Short title

191. §182 — Definitions

192. §183 — When transaction deemed in commerce; “State” defined

193. §191 — “Packer” defined

194. §192 — Unlawful practices enumerated

195. §193 — Procedure before Secretary for violations

196. §194 — Conclusiveness of order; appeal and review

197. §195 — Punishment for violation of order

198. §196 — Statutory trust established; livestock

199. §197 — Statutory trust established; poultry

200. § 197a. Production contracts

201. Section 11005 of Pub. L. 110–246 , which directed amendment of title II of the Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921, by adding sections 208 to 210 at the end, was executed by adding the sections at the end of this part, which is subtitle A of title II of the Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

202. § 197b. Choice of law and venue

203. Section 11005 of Pub. L. 110–246 , which directed amendment of title II of the Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921, by adding sections 208 to 210 at the end, was executed by adding the sections at the end of this part, which is subtitle A of title II of the Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

204. § 197c. Arbitration

205. Section 11005 of Pub. L. 110–246 , which directed amendment of title II of the Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921, by adding sections 208 to 210 at the end, was executed by adding the sections at the end of this part, which is subtitle A of title II of the Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

206. §198 — Definitions

207. § 198a. Swine packer marketing contracts offered to producers

208. § 198b. Report on the Secretary’s jurisdiction, power, duties, and authorities

209. §201 — “Stockyard owner”; “stockyard services”; “market agency”; “dealer”; defined

210. §202 — “Stockyard” defined; determination by Secretary as to particular yard

211. §203 — Activity as stockyard dealer or market agency; benefits to business and welfare of stockyard; registration; penalty for failure to register

212. §204 — Bond and suspension of registrants

213. §205 — General duty as to services; revocation of registration

214. §206 — Rates and charges generally; discrimination

215. §207 — Schedule of rates

216. §208 — Unreasonable or discriminatory practices generally; rights of stockyard owner of management and regulation

217. §209 — Liability to individuals for violations; enforcement generally

218. §210 — Proceedings before Secretary for violations

219. §211 — Order of Secretary as to charges or practices; prescribing rates and practices generally

220. §212 — Prescribing rates and practices to prevent discrimination between intrastate and interstate commerce

221. §213 — Prevention of unfair, discriminatory, or deceptive practices

222. §214 — Effective date of orders

223. §215 — Failure to obey orders; punishment

224. §216 — Proceedings to enforce orders; injunction

225. §217 — Proceedings for suspension of orders

226. § 217a. Fees for inspection of brands or marks

227. § 217b. Statutory trust established; dealer

228. §221 — Accounts and records of business; punishment for failure to keep

229. §222 — Federal Trade Commission powers adopted for enforcement of chapter

230. §223 — Responsibility of principal for act or omission of agent

231. §224 — Attorney General to institute court proceedings for enforcement

232. §225 — Laws unaffected

233. §226 — Powers of Interstate Commerce Commission unaffected

234. §227 — Powers of Federal Trade Commission and Secretary of Agriculture

235. §228 — Authority of Secretary

236. § 228a. Authority of Secretary to request temporary injunction or restraining order

237. § 228b. Prompt payment for purchase of livestock

238. § 228c. Federal preemption of State and local requirements

239. § 228d. Annual assessment of cattle and hog industries

240. § 229b. Right to discuss terms of contract

241. § 229c. Separability

242. §241 — Definitions

243. §242 — Powers of Secretary

244. §243 — Imposition and collection of fees

245. §244 — Quality and value standards

246. §245 — Bonding and other financial assurance requirements

247. §246 — Maintenance of records

248. §247 — Fair treatment in storage of agricultural products

249. §248 — Commingling of agricultural products

250. §249 — Transfer of stored agricultural products

251. §250 — Warehouse receipts

252. §251 — Conditions for delivery of agricultural products

253. §252 — Suspension or revocation of licenses

254. §253 — Public information

255. §254 — Penalties for noncompliance

256. §255 — Jurisdiction and arbitration

257. §256 — Authorization of appropriations

258. §256 — Section 257, acts Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 19, 39 Stat. 489 ; Feb. 23, 1923, ch. 106 , 42 Stat. 1284 , authorized Secretary to promulgate standards for agricultural products. See section 244 of this title .

259. §256 — Section 258, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 16, 39 Stat. 488 , related to mingling of stored products. See section 248 of this title .

260. §256 — Section 259, acts Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 17, 39 Stat. 488 ; Pub. L. 99–260, § 14 , Mar. 20, 1986 , 100 Stat. 54 ; Pub. L. 101–624, title V, § 508(a) , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3441 ; Pub. L. 102–237, title X, § 1009 , Dec. 13, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1898 ; Pub. L. 102–553, § 1 , Oct. 28, 1992 , 106 Stat. 4140 , required issuance of receipts for products stored and set forth provisions relating to central filing system and transfer of stored products. See sections 249 and 250 of this title.

261. §256 — Section 260, acts Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 18, 39 Stat. 488 ; July 24, 1919, ch. 26 , 41 Stat. 266 ; Feb. 23, 1923, ch. 106 , 42 Stat. 1284 , related to contents of receipts. See section 250 of this title .

262. §256 — Section 261, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 20, 39 Stat. 489 , related to issuance of further receipt with original outstanding. See section 250 of this title .

263. §256 — Section 262, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 21, 39 Stat. 489 , required delivery on demand of products stored and set forth conditions to delivery. See section 251 of this title .

264. §256 — Section 263, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 22, 39 Stat. 490 , related to cancellation of receipt upon delivery of product stored. See section 251 of this title .

265. §256 — Section 264, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 23, 39 Stat. 490 , related to recording and reporting requirements and directed compliance with this chapter and regulations. See section 246 of this title .

266. §256 — Section 265, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 24, 39 Stat. 490 , authorized Secretary to examine stored products and publish findings. See sections 242 and 253 of this title.

267. §256 — Section 266, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 26, 39 Stat. 490 , authorized publication of investigation results, list of terminated licenses, and names and locations of bonded warehouses. See section 253 of this title .

268. §256 — Section 267, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 27, 39 Stat. 490 , authorized examination of books and records of warehousemen. See section 242 of this title .

269. §256 — Section 268, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 28, 39 Stat. 490 , authorized rules and regulations.

270. §256 — Section 269, acts Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 29, 39 Stat. 490 ; Feb. 23, 1923, ch. 106 , 42 Stat. 1285 ; Mar. 2, 1931, ch. 366, § 9 , 46 Stat. 1465 , related to cooperation with States, exclusivity of Secretary’s authority, and preemption of laws. See section 242 of this title .

271. §256 — Section 270, acts Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 30, 39 Stat. 490 ; Feb. 23, 1923, ch. 106 , 42 Stat. 1285 ; Mar. 2, 1931, ch. 366, § 10 , 46 Stat. 1465 ; Pub. L. 101–624, title V, § 508(b) , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3443 , set forth punishment for violations of this chapter. See section 254 of this title .

272. §256 — Section 271, acts Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 31, 39 Stat. 491 ; Pub. L. 97–35, title I, § 158(a)(2) , Aug. 13, 1981 , 95 Stat. 376 , authorized appropriations and employment of temporary personnel. See section 256 of this title .

273. §256 — Section 272, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 32, 39 Stat. 491 , related to separability of provisions.

274. §256 — Section 273, act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , pt. C, § 33, 39 Stat. 491 , reserved right to amend, alter, or repeal this chapter.

275. §281 — Honeybee importation

276. §282 — Punishment for unlawful importation

277. §283 — Propagation of stock and release of germ plasm

278. §284 — Eradication and control of undesirable species and subspecies

279. §285 — Uses of funds

280. §286 — Authorization of appropriations

281. §291 — Authorization of associations; powers

282. §292 — Monopolizing or restraining trade and unduly enhancing prices prohibited; remedy and procedure

283. §301 — Land grant aid of colleges

284. §302 — Method of apportionment and selection; issuance of land scrip

285. §303 — Management expenses paid by State

286. §304 — Investment of proceeds of sale of land or scrip

287. §305 — Conditions of grant

288. §307 — Fees for locating land scrip

289. §308 — Reports by State governors of sale of scrip

290. §309 — Land grants in the State of North Dakota

291. §321 — Secretary of Agriculture to administer annual college-aid appropriation

292. §322 — Annual appropriation

293. §323 — Racial discrimination by colleges restricted

294. §324 — Time, manner, etc., of annual payments

295. §325 — State to replace funds misapplied, etc.; restrictions on use of funds; reports by colleges

296. §326 — Ascertainment and certification of amounts due States; certificates withheld from States; appeal to Congress

297. § 326a. Annual appropriations for Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Republic of the Marshall Islands, and Republic of Palau

298. §328 — Power to amend, repeal, etc., reserved

299. §329 — Additional appropriation for agricultural colleges

300. §331 — Retirement of land-grant college employees

301. §341 — Cooperative extension work by colleges

302. §342 — Cooperative agricultural extension work; cooperation with Secretary of Agriculture

303. §343 — Appropriations; distribution; allotment and apportionment; Secretary of Agriculture; matching funds; cooperative extension activities

304. §343 — Section 361c(i) of this title shall apply to amounts made available to carry out this subchapter.

305. §343 — Section 532 of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is section 532 of Pub. L. 103–382 , which is set out as a note under section 301 of this title .

306. § 343d. Transferred

307. §344 — Ascertainment of entitlement of State to funds; time and manner of payment; State reporting requirements; plans of work

308. §345 — Replacement of diminished, lost or misapplied funds; restrictions on use; reports of colleges

309. § 347a. Disadvantaged agricultural areas

310. §348 — Rules and regulations

311. §349 — “State” defined

312. § 361a. Congressional declaration of purpose; definitions

313. Section 208 of Pub. L. 93–471 , cited as a credit to this section, was renumbered section “209” by D.C. Law 1–36, § 4, Nov. 1, 1975 , 22 DCR 2911.

314. Title I, section 9, of that Act, referred to in text, was classified to section 427h of this title prior to repeal.

315. § 361b. Congressional statement of policy; researches, investigations and experiments

316. § 361c. Authorization of appropriations and allotments of grants

317. § 361d. Use of funds

318. § 361e. Payment of allotments to State agricultural experiment stations; directors and treasurers or other officers; accounting; reports to Secretary; replacement by States of diminished, lost or misapplied allotments; subsequent allotments or payments contingent on such replacement

319. § 361f. Publications of experiment stations; free mailing

320. § 361g. Duties of Secretary; ascertainment of entitlement of State to funds; plans of work

321. § 361h. Relation of college or university to State unaffected; division of appropriations

322. § 361i. Power to amend, repeal, etc., reserved

323. §363 — Transferred

324. §365 — Transferred

325. §384 — Card index of agricultural literature; copies to be furnished by Secretary

326. §385 — South Carolina Experiment Station; cooperation by Secretary of Agriculture; lump sum appropriation

327. § 385a. Authorization of appropriations

328. §387 — Station for semi-arid or dry-land regions; establishment

329. § 387a. Authorization of appropriations

330. §388 — Station for southern Great Plains area; establishment

331. § 388a. Authorization of appropriations

332. §389 — Transfer of certain dry land and irrigation field stations to States

333. § 389a. Conditions of transfer of dry land and irrigation field stations; reservation of mineral rights

334. §390 — Definitions

335. § 390a. Review process

336. § 390b. Competitive grant program

337. § 390c. Applicability of chapter 10 of title 5

338. Chapter 10 of title 5 and title XVIII of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 ( 7 U.S.C. 2281 et seq.) shall not apply to a panel or board created solely for the purpose of reviewing applications or proposals submitted under this subchapter.

339. § 390d. Authorization of appropriations

340. §391 — Establishment of bureau; appointment of chief; duties

341. §391 — Section 1 also contained a provision as to salary of the Chief of the Bureau and a clerk for said bureau, that has been omitted as obsolete. The salaries are now fixed under chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

342. §391 — Section 1 of that act as originally enacted contained this further provision: “And the Commissioner of Agriculture is hereby authorized to employ a force sufficient for the purpose, not to exceed 20 persons at any one time.” This provision was practically superseded by subsequent appropriations for an enlarged force.

343. §391 — Section 301 of 1947 Reorg. Plan No. 1, eff. July 1, 1947 , 12 F.R. 4534, 61 Stat. 952 , provided: “The functions of the following agencies of the Department of Agriculture, namely, the Bureau of Animal Industry, the Bureau of Dairy Industry, the Bureau of Plant Industry, Soils, and Agricultural Engineering, the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, the Bureau of Agricultural and Industrial Chemistry, the Bureau of Human Nutrition and Home Economics, the Office of Experiment Stations, and the Agricultural Research Center, together with the functions of the Agricultural Research Administrator, are transferred to the Secretary of Agriculture and shall be performed by the Secretary or, subject to his direction and control, by such officers and agencies of the Department of Agriculture as he may designate.” For provisions concerning transfer of records, property, personnel, and funds, see full text of this Plan, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

344. §393 — Sale of pathological and zoological specimens; disposition of moneys

345. § 394a. Overtime of employees working at establishments which prepare virus, serum, toxin, and analogous products

346. §395 — Fees for rabies diagnoses; disposition of moneys

347. §396 — Inspection of livestock, hides, animal products, etc.; place; charges; disposition of funds

348. §398 — Purchase and testing of serums or analogous products; dissemination of test results

349. §399 — Domestic raising of fur-bearing animals; classification

350. §401 — Establishment of bureau

351. §402 — Chief of bureau; appointment and duties

352. §403 — Transfer of activities of Department of Agriculture to bureau; employment of clerks, etc.

353. §404 — Authorization of appropriations

354. Section 411b was editorially reclassified as section 590a of this title .

355. § 411b. Transferred

356. §412 — Section 412 was transferred to section 476 of this title .

357. §412 — Transferred

358. §413 — Section 413 was transferred to section 475 of this title and subsequently repealed.

359. §413 — Transferred

360. Section 414a was editorially reclassified as section 1436a of this title .

361. § 414a. Transferred

362. §415 — Section 415 was editorially reclassified as section 2241b of this title .

363. §415 — Transferred

364. Section 415e was editorially reclassified as section 2247a of this title .

365. § 415e. Transferred

366. §417 — Section 417 was editorially reclassified as section 7643 of this title .

367. §417 — Transferred

368. §418 — Section 418 was editorially reclassified as section 2207c of this title .

369. §418 — Transferred

370. §420 — Section 420 was editorially reclassified as section 2217a of this title .

371. §420 — Transferred

372. §423 — Section 423 was editorially reclassified as section 2120 of this title .

373. §423 — Transferred

374. §424 — Section 424 was editorially reclassified as section 2121 of this title .

375. §424 — Transferred

376. §425 — Section 425 was editorially reclassified as section 2122 of this title .

377. §425 — Transferred

378. §426 — Section 426 was editorially reclassified as section 8351 of this title .

379. §426 — Transferred

380. Section 426b was editorially reclassified as section 8352 of this title .

381. § 426b. Transferred

382. Section 426c was editorially reclassified as section 8353 of this title .

383. § 426c. Transferred

384. Section 426d was editorially reclassified as section 8354 of this title .

385. § 426d. Transferred

386. §427 — Section 427 was editorially reclassified as section 3104 of this title .

387. §427 — Transferred

388. Section 427i was editorially reclassified as section 3105 of this title .

389. § 427i. Transferred

390. Section 428a was editorially reclassified as section 2268a of this title .

391. § 428a. Transferred

392. Section 428b was editorially reclassified as section 5942 of this title .

393. § 428b. Transferred

394. Section 428c was editorially reclassified as section 5943 of this title .

395. § 428c. Transferred

396. §430 — Section 430 was editorially reclassified as section 398 of this title .

397. §430 — Transferred

398. §431 — Section 431 was editorially reclassified as section 626 of Title 21 , Food and Drugs.

399. §431 — Transferred

400. §432 — Section 432 was editorially reclassified as section 5941 of this title .

401. §432 — Transferred

402. §433 — Section 433 was editorially reclassified as section 399 of this title .

403. §433 — Transferred

404. §434 — Section 434 was editorially reclassified as a note under section 399 of this title .

405. §434 — Transferred

406. §440 — Section 440 was editorially reclassified as section 1436 of this title .

407. §440 — Transferred

408. §442 — Section 442 was editorially reclassified as section 667f of Title 16 , Conservation.

409. §442 — Transferred

410. §443 — Section 443 was editorially reclassified as section 667f–1 of Title 16 , Conservation.

411. §443 — Transferred

412. §444 — Section 444 was editorially reclassified as section 667f–2 of Title 16 , Conservation.

413. §444 — Transferred

414. §445 — Section 445 was editorially reclassified as section 667f–3 of Title 16 , Conservation.

415. §445 — Transferred

416. §447 — Section 447 was editorially reclassified as section 667g of Title 16 , Conservation.

417. §447 — Transferred

418. §448 — Section 448 was editorially reclassified as section 667g–1 of Title 16 , Conservation.

419. §448 — Transferred

420. §449 — Section 449 was editorially reclassified as section 667g–2 of Title 16 , Conservation.

421. §449 — Transferred

422. §450 — Section 450 was editorially reclassified as section 1633 of this title .

423. §450 — Transferred

424. Section 450a was editorially reclassified as section 3318a of this title .

425. § 450a. Transferred

426. Section 450b was editorially reclassified as section 2279i of this title .

427. § 450b. Transferred

428. Section 450c was editorially reclassified as section 2204–1 of this title .

429. § 450c. Transferred

430. Section 450d was editorially reclassified as section 2204–2 of this title .

431. § 450d. Transferred

432. Section 450e was editorially reclassified as section 2204–3 of this title .

433. § 450e. Transferred

434. Section 450f was editorially reclassified as section 2204–4 of this title .

435. § 450f. Transferred

436. Section 450g was editorially reclassified as section 2204–5 of this title .

437. § 450g. Transferred

438. § 450h. Transferred

439. Section 450i was editorially reclassified as section 3157 of this title .

440. § 450i. Transferred

441. Section 450j was editorially reclassified as section 4551 of this title .

442. § 450j. Transferred

443. Section 450k was editorially reclassified as section 4552 of this title .

444. § 450k. Transferred

445. Section 450 l was editorially reclassified as section 4553 of this title .

446. § 450l. Transferred

447. §451 — “Agricultural products” defined

448. §452 — Supervision of division of cooperative marketing

449. §453 — Authority and duties of division

450. §454 — Advisers to counsel with Secretary of Agriculture; expenses and subsistence

451. §455 — Dissemination of crop, market, etc., information by cooperative marketing associations

452. §456 — Rules and regulations; appointment, removal, and compensation of employees; expenditures; authorization of appropriations

453. §457 — Separability

454. §471 — Statistics and estimates of grades and staple length of cotton; collection and publication

455. §472 — Information furnished of confidential character; penalty for divulging information

456. §473 — Persons required to furnish information; request; failure to furnish; false information

457. § 473a. Cotton classification services

458. § 473b. Market supply, demand, condition and prices; collection and publication of information

459. § 473c. Rules and regulations

460. § 473d. Quality tests and analyses by Secretary for breeders and others; fees

461. §474 — Powers of Secretary of Agriculture; appropriation

462. §476 — Acreage reports

463. §491 — Destruction or dumping of farm produce received in interstate commerce by commission merchants, etc.; penalty

464. §493 — Enforcement of provisions; prosecution of cases

465. §494 — Rules and regulations; cooperation with States, etc., officers and employees; expenditures

466. §495 — Authorization of appropriations

467. §496 — Validity of other statutes dealing with same subject

468. §497 — Separability

469. § 499a. Short title and definitions

470. § 499b. Unfair conduct

471. § 499c. Licenses

472. § 499d. Issuance of license

473. § 499e. Liability to persons injured

474. § 499f. Complaints, written notifications, and investigations

475. § 499g. Reparation order

476. § 499h. Grounds for suspension or revocation of license

477. § 499i. Accounts, records, and memoranda; duty of licensees to keep; contents; suspension of license for violation of duty

478. § 499j. Orders; effective date; continuance in force; suspension, modification and setting aside; penalty

479. § 499k. Injunctions; application of injunction laws governing orders of Interstate Commerce Commission

480. § 499l. Violations; report to Attorney General; proceedings; costs

481. § 499m. Complaints; procedure, penalties, etc.

482. § 499n. Inspection of perishable agricultural commodities

483. § 499o. Rules, regulations, and orders; appointment, removal, and compensation of officers and employees; expenditures; authorization of appropriations; abrogation of inconsistent statutes

484. § 499p. Liability of licensees for acts and omissions of agents

485. § 499q. Separability

486. § 499s. Depositing appropriations in fund

487. §501 — Collection and publication; facts required; deteriorated tobacco

488. §502 — Standards for classification; returns and blanks

489. §503 — Reports; necessity; by whom made; penalties

490. §504 — “Person” defined

491. §505 — Access to internal-revenue records

492. §506 — Returns under oath; administration

493. §507 — Limitation on use of statistical information

494. §508 — Separability

495. §511 — Definitions

496. § 511a. Declaration of purpose

497. § 511b. Official standards for classification; tentative standards; modification

498. § 511c. Demonstration of official standards; samples; cost

499. § 511d. Designation of markets; manner; inspection and related services; fees and charges

500. § 511e. Sampling and weighing; cost; disposition of moneys received; expenses; purpose

501. § 511f. Reinspection and appeal inspection; certificate as evidence

502. § 511g. Placing of grade on warehouse tickets, etc.; form

503. § 511h. Publication of information relating to tobacco

504. § 511i. Offenses

505. § 511j. Publication of violations

506. § 511k. Penalty for violations

507. § 511l. Act of agent as that of principal

508. § 511m. Regulation; hearings; employees; expenditures; authorization of appropriations

509. § 511n. Hearings; examination of witnesses; refusal to testify or produce evidence

510. § 511o. Separability

511. § 511p. Delegation of duties by Secretary of Agriculture

512. § 511q. Short title

513. § 511s. Grading of tobacco

514. §518 — Definitions

515. § 518a. Contract payments to tobacco quota holders

516. Part I of subtitle B of title III of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was classified to subpart I (§ 1311 et seq.) of part B of subchapter II of chapter 35 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 108–357, title VI, § 611(a) , Oct. 22, 2004 , 118 Stat. 1522 . For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1281 of this title and Tables.

517. § 518b. Contract payments for producers of quota tobacco

518. Part I of subtitle B of title III of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was classified to subpart I (§ 1311 et seq.) of part B of subchapter II of chapter 35 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 108–357, title VI, § 611(a) , Oct. 22, 2004 , 118 Stat. 1522 . For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1281 of this title and Tables.

519. § 518c. Administration

520. § 518d. Use of assessments as source of funds for payments

521. § 518e. Tobacco Trust Fund

522. § 518f. Limitation on total expenditures

523. §519 — Treatment of tobacco loan pool stocks and outstanding loan costs

524. § 519a. Regulations

525. §581 — Standards of export; establishment; shipping without certificate forbidden; hearings

526. §582 — Notice of establishment of standards; shipments under contracts made before adoption of standards

527. §583 — Foreign standards; certification of compliance

528. §584 — Exemptions

529. §585 — Fees for inspection and certification; certificates as prima facie evidence

530. §586 — Refusal of certificates for violations of laws; penalties for violations

531. §587 — Rules and regulations; cooperation with other agencies; compensation of officers and employees; effect on other laws

532. §588 — Separability

533. §589 — Definitions

534. §590 — Authorization of appropriations

535. § 590a. Estimates of apple production

536. §591 — Standards of export; establishment; shipping without certificate forbidden; hearings

537. §592 — Notice of establishment of standards; shipments under contracts made before adoption of standards

538. §593 — Foreign standards; certification of compliance

539. §594 — Exemption of minimum quantities

540. §595 — Fees for inspection and certification; certificates as prima facie evidence

541. §596 — Refusal of certificates for violations of law; penalties for violations

542. §597 — Rules and regulations; cooperation with other agencies; compensation of officers and employees; effect on other laws

543. §598 — Separability

544. §599 — Definitions

545. §601 — Declaration of conditions

546. §601 — Section 2 of act June 3, 1937 , also added subsec. (j) to section 610.

547. §601 — Section 2 of act June 3, 1937 , was amended by act Aug. 5, 1937, ch. 567 , 50 Stat. 563 , which amending act provided for amendments to subsecs. (2) and (6) of section 608c of this title .

548. §602 — Declaration of policy; establishment of price basing period; marketing standards; orderly supply flow; circumstances for continued regulation

549. §603 — Government owned cotton; transfer to Secretary of Agriculture; powers of Secretary

550. §604 — Borrowing money; expenditures; authority of Secretary

551. §607 — Sale by Secretary; additional options; validation of assignments; publication of information

552. §608 — Powers of Secretary

553. § 608a. Enforcement of chapter

554. § 608b. Marketing agreements; exemption from anti-trust laws; inspection requirements for handlers not subject to agreements

555. Section 1445c–3 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–127, title I, § 171(b)(2)(E) , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 938 .

556. § 608c. Orders

557. § 608d. Books and records

558. §609 — Processing tax; methods of computation; rate; what constitutes processing; publicity as to tax to avoid profiteering

559. §609 — Section 1001 of title 19 , referred to in subsec. (b)(8), was repealed by Pub. L. 87–456, title I, § 101(a) , May 24, 1962 , 76 Stat. 72 . See Publication of Harmonized Tariff Schedule note set out under section 1202 of Title 19 , Customs Duties.

560. §610 — Administration

561. §610 — Section 8 of title II of the Act entitled “An Act to maintain the credit of the United States Government,”, referred to in subsec. (a), means act Mar. 20, 1933, ch. 3, title II, § 8 , 48 Stat. 15 , which is not classified to the Code.

562. §611 — “Basic agricultural commodity” defined; exclusion of commodities

563. §612 — Appropriation; use of revenues; administrative expenses

564. § 612c. Appropriation to encourage exportation and domestic consumption of agricultural products

565. Section 3690 of the Revised Statutes, and section 5 of act June 30, 1875 , referred to in text, which were classified to sections 712 and 713 of former Title 31, Money and Finance, were repealed by act July 6, 1949, ch. 299, § 3 , 63 Stat. 407 .

566. §613 — Termination date; investigations and reports

567. §614 — Separability

568. §615 — Refunds of tax; exemptions from tax; compensating tax; compensating tax on foreign goods; covering into Treasury

569. §616 — Stock on hand when tax takes effect or terminates

570. §617 — Refund on goods exported; bond to suspend tax on commodity intended for export

571. §618 — Existing contracts; imposition of tax on vendee; collection

572. §619 — Collection of tax; provisions of internal revenue laws applicable; returns

573. § 619a. Cotton tax, time for payment

574. §620 — Falsely ascribing deductions or charges to taxes; penalty

575. §621 — Machinery belting processed from cotton; exemption from tax

576. §623 — Actions relating to tax; legalization of prior taxes

577. §624 — Limitation on imports; authority of President

578. §626 — Import inventory

579. §627 — Dairy forward pricing pilot program

580. §671 — Arbitration of disputes concerning milk

581. §672 — Agreements; licenses, regulations, programs, etc., unaffected

582. §673 — Section 1 of act June 3, 1937, ch. 296 , 50 Stat. 246 , referred to in text, amended sections 601, 602, 608a, 608b, 608c, 608d, 608e, 610, 612, 614, and 624 of this title.

583. §673 — Taxes under Agricultural Adjustment Act; laws unaffected

584. §674 — Short title

585. §851 — Declaration of policy

586. §852 — Marketing agreements with handlers; exemption from antitrust laws

587. §853 — Section 851 of this title , referred to in clause (b), was in the original “this Act”, meaning act Aug. 24, 1935 . For complete classification of act Aug. 24, 1935 , to the Code, see Tables.

588. §853 — Terms and conditions of marketing agreements

589. §854 — Order regulating handlers; issuance and terms

590. §855 — Applicability of other laws

591. §901 — Short title

592. §902 — General authority of Secretary of Agriculture

593. §903 — Authorization of appropriations

594. §904 — Loans for electrical plants and transmission lines

595. §905 — Fees for certain loan guarantees

596. §906 — Funding for administrative expenses

597. § 906a. Use of funds outside the United States or its territories prohibited

598. §907 — Acquisition of property pledged for loans; disposition; sale of pledged property by borrower

599. §908 — Limitations on use of assistance

600. §909 — Administration on nonpolitical basis; dismissal of officers or employees for violating provision

601. §911 — Acceptance of services of Federal or State officers; application of civil service laws; expenditures for supplies and equipment

602. §912 — Extension of time for repayment of loans

603. § 912a. Rescheduling and refinancing of loans

604. §913 — Definitions

605. §914 — Separability

606. §915 — Purchase of financial and credit reports

607. §916 — Criteria for loans

608. §917 — Prohibition on restricting water and waste facility services to electric customers

609. §917 — Section 375 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was classified to section 2008j of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 87–128, title III, § 375(j)(7) , as added Pub. L. 106–78, title VIII, § 816(d) , Oct. 22, 1999 , 113 Stat. 1182 .

610. §918 — General prohibitions

611. § 918a. Energy generation, transmission, and distribution facilities efficiency grants and loans in rural communities with extremely high energy costs

612. § 918b. Acquisition of existing systems in rural communities with high energy costs

613. § 918c. Rural and remote communities electrification grants

614. §921 — Congressional declaration of policy

615. §922 — Loans for telephone service

616. §923 — State regulation of telephone service

617. §924 — Definition of telephone service and rural area

618. §924 — Section 153 of title 47 , referred to in subsec. (a), was subsequently amended and no longer contains a subsec. ( o ). However, the term “broadcasting” is defined elsewhere in that section.

619. §925 — Loan feasibility

620. §926 — Certain rural development investments by qualified telephone borrowers not treated as dividends or distributions

621. §927 — General duties and prohibitions

622. §928 — Prompt processing of telephone loans

623. §930 — Congressional declaration of policy

624. §931 — Rural Electrification and Telephone Revolving Fund

625. §931 — Section 905 of this title , referred to in pars. (1) and (2), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, § 774(a) , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1150 .

626. § 931a. Level of loan programs under Rural Electrification and Telephone Revolving Fund

627. §932 — Liabilities and uses of Rural Electrification and Telephone Revolving Fund

628. §932 — Section 905 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, § 774(a) , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1150 .

629. §933 — Moneys in the Rural Electrification and Telephone Revolving Fund

630. §934 — Authorized financial transactions; interim notes; purchase of obligations for resale; sale of notes and certificates; liens

631. §935 — Insured loans; interest rates and lending levels

632. §936 — Guaranteed loans; accommodations and subordination of liens; interest rates; assignability of guaranteed loans and related guarantees

633. § 936a. Prepayment of loans

634. § 936b. Sale or prepayment of direct or insured loans

635. § 936c. Refinancing and prepayment of FFB loans

636. § 936d. Eligibility of distribution borrowers for loans, loan guarantees, and lien accommodations

637. § 936e. Administrative prohibitions applicable to certain electric borrowers

638. § 936f. Substantially underserved trust areas

639. §937 — Loans from other credit sources

640. §938 — Full faith and credit of the United States

641. §939 — Loan terms and conditions

642. §940 — Refinancing of rural development loans

643. § 940b. Use of funds

644. § 940c. Cushion of credit payments program

645. § 940e. Expansion of 911 access

646. § 940f. Extension of period of existing guarantee

647. § 940g. Electric loans for renewable energy

648. § 940h. Bonding requirements

649. § 940i. Cybersecurity and grid security improvements

650. § 950aa. Additional powers and duties

651. § 950aaa. Purpose

652. § 950bb. Access to broadband telecommunications services in rural areas

653. § 950cc. Public notice, assessments, and reporting requirements

654. §951 — Collection and publication; facts required; submission of report

655. §953 — Reports; by whom made; penalties

656. §954 — Grades and standards for classification

657. §955 — Limitation on use of statistical information

658. §956 — Rules and regulations; cooperation with departments, etc.; officers and employees; expenses of administration; authorization of appropriations

659. §957 — Definitions

660. §1000 — Short title

661. § 1006a. Loans to homestead or desertland entrymen and purchasers of lands in reclamation projects; security; first repayment installment

662. § 1006b. Cancellation of entry or purchase upon loan default; entry or resale; conditions; satisfaction of indebtedness

663. Section 1017 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 87–128, title III, § 341(a) , Aug. 8, 1961 , 75 Stat. 318 .

664. §1010 — Land conservation and land utilization

665. § 1010a. Soil, water, and related resource data

666. §1011 — Powers of Secretary of Agriculture

667. §1012 — Payments to counties

668. § 1012a. Townsites

669. § 1013a. Benefits extended to Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands; “county” defined; payments to Governor or fiscal agent of county

670. §1030 — Consolidation of agricultural credit and service offices

671. §1031 — Conveyance of mineral rights with land

672. §1032 — Section 6(a) of 1957 Reorg. Plan No. 1, eff. June 30, 1957 , 22 F.R. 4633, 71 Stat. 647 , set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, abolished Reconstruction Finance Corporation.

673. §1032 — Transfer of rights and duties of Reconstruction Finance Corporation arising out of rehabilitation and farm tenancy loans to Secretary of the Treasury

674. § 1032a. Disbursing and certifying officers; exemption from liability for advances to defense relocation corporations

675. §1033 — Sale of reserved mineral interests

676. §1034 — Persons to whom mineral interests sold; conveyances

677. §1035 — Sale of mineral interests; consideration; transfer of unsold interests to Secretary of the Interior

678. §1037 — Sale of reserved mineral interests; disposition of proceeds

679. §1038 — Regulations; delegations of authority

680. §1039 — Time for filing purchase applications

681. §1040 — Farmers’ Home Administration funds account

682. §1281 — Short title

683. §1282 — Declaration of policy

684. § 1282a. Emergency supply of agricultural products

685. §1291 — Adjustments in freight rates

686. §1292 — New uses and markets for commodities

687. §1293 — Transferred

688. §1301 — Definitions

689. § 1301a. References to parity prices, etc., in other laws after January 1, 1950

690. §1303 — Parity payments

691. §1304 — Consumer safeguards

692. §1305 — Transfer of acreage allotments or feed grain bases on public lands upon request of State agencies

693. §1306 — Projected yields; determination; base period

694. §1307 — Limitation on payments under wheat, feed grains, and cotton programs for 1974 through 1977 crops

695. §1308 — Payment limitations

696. §1308 — Title XII of this Act, referred to in subsec. (f)(5)(A), (6)(A), means title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985, Pub. L. 99–198 , Dec. 23, 1985 , 99 Stat. 1504 , which is classified principally to chapter 58 (§ 3801 et seq.) of Title 16, Conservation.

697. § 1308a. Cost reduction options

698. §1309 — Normally planted acreage and target prices

699. §1309 — Section 107B(d)(3)(A) of such Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 107B(d)(3)(A) of the Agricultural Act of 1949, which was classified to section 1445b–3a(d)(3)(A) of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–127, title I, § 171(b)(2)(D) , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 938 .

700. §1310 — American agriculture protection program

701. § 1310a. Normal supply of commodity for 1986 through 1995 crops

702. §1321 — Legislative finding of effect on interstate and foreign commerce and necessity of regulation

703. §1326 — Adjustment of farm marketing quotas

704. §1326 — Section 1324 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by act Aug. 28, 1954, ch. 1041, title III, § 304 , 68 Stat. 902 .

705. § 1329a. Discontinuance of acreage allotments on corn

706. §1331 — Legislative finding of effect on interstate and foreign commerce and necessity of regulation

707. §1332 — National marketing quota

708. §1333 — National acreage allotment

709. §1334 — Apportionment of national acreage allotment

710. §1334 — Section 124 of the Agricultural Act of 1961, referred to in subsec. (e), is section 124 of Pub. L. 87–128 which was set out below.

711. §1334 — Section 307 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1962, referred to in subsec. (e), is section 307 of Pub. L. 87–703 which was set out below.

712. § 1334b. Designation of States outside commercial wheat-producing areas

713. §1335 — Small-farm exemption; small-farm base acreage; election; acreage allotment; land-use provisions; price support; wheat marketing certificates

714. §1336 — Referendum

715. §1338 — Transfer of quotas

716. §1339 — Land use

717. Section 307 of this Act and section 124 of the Agricultural Act of 1961, referred to in text, are, respectively, section 307 of Pub. L. 87–703 and section 124 of Pub. L. 87–128 , which were formerly set out as notes under section 1334 of this title .

718. § 1339b. Wheat diversion programs; credits in establishment of State, county and farm acreage allotments for wheat

719. § 1339c. Feed grains diversion programs for 1964 and subsequent years; feed grain acreage considered wheat acreage and wheat acreage considered feed grain acreage

720. § 1339d. Hay production on set-aside or diverted acreage; storage; emergency use; loans

721. §1340 — Section 302 of the Act, referred to in par. (8), which was classified to section 1302 of this title , was repealed by act Oct. 31, 1949, ch. 792, title IV, § 414 , 63 Stat. 1057 .

722. §1340 — Section 323(b) of the Act, referred to in par. (10), which was classified to section 1323(b) of this title , was repealed by act Aug. 28, 1954, ch. 1041, title III, § 304 , 68 Stat. 902 , and had provided that no farm marketing quota with respect to any crop of corn shall be applicable to any farm on which the normal production of the acreage planted to corn is less than 300 bushels.

723. §1340 — Section 335(d) of the Act, referred to in par. (10), which was classified to section 1335(d) of this title , was repealed by Pub. L. 87–129, title I, § 122(e) , Aug. 8, 1961 , 75 Stat. 297 , and had provided that no farm marketing quota with respect to wheat shall be applicable in any marketing year to any farm on which the normal production of the acreage planted to wheat of the current crop is less than 200 bushels.

724. §1340 — Supplemental provisions relating to wheat marketing quotas; marketing penalty for rice; crop loans on cotton, wheat, rice, tobacco, and peanuts

725. §1341 — Legislative findings

726. §1342 — National marketing quota; proclamation; amount; date of proclamation

727. § 1342a. National cotton production goal

728. §1343 — Referendum

729. §1344 — Apportionment of national acreage allotments

730. §1344 — Section 1347 of this title , referred to in subsec. (m)(1), (2), was repealed by Pub. L. 98–88, § 2 , Aug. 26, 1983 , 97 Stat. 494 .

731. § 1344a. Exclusion of 1949 acreage in computation of future allotments

732. § 1344b. Sale, lease, or transfer of cotton acreage allotments

733. §1345 — Farm marketing quotas; farm marketing excess

734. §1346 — Penalties

735. §1348 — Payments in kind to equalize cost of cotton to domestic and foreign users; rules and regulations; termination date; persons eligible; amount; terms and conditions; raw cotton in inventory

736. §1349 — Export market acreage

737. §1349 — Section 1853 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–465, title IV, § 412(c) , Dec. 8, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4964 .

738. §1350 — National base acreage allotment

739. § 1359aa. Definitions

740. § 1359bb. Flexible marketing allotments for sugar

741. § 1359cc. Establishment of flexible marketing allotments

742. § 1359dd. Allocation of marketing allotments

743. § 1359ee. Reassignment of deficits

744. § 1359ff. Provisions applicable to producers

745. § 1359gg. Special rules

746. § 1359hh. Regulations; violations; publication of Secretary’s determinations; jurisdiction of the courts; United States attorneys

747. § 1359ii. Appeals

748. § 1359jj. Administration

749. § 1359kk. Administration of tariff rate quotas

750. § 1359ll. Period of effectiveness

751. §1361 — Application of subpart

752. §1362 — Publication of marketing quota; mailing of allotment notice

753. §1363 — Review of quota; review committee

754. §1364 — Chapter 3B [§ 590a et seq.] of title 16, referred to in text, was in the original a reference to the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act.

755. §1364 — Compensation of review committee

756. §1365 — Institution of proceeding for court review of committee findings

757. §1366 — Court review

758. §1367 — Stay of proceedings and exclusive jurisdiction

759. §1368 — Effect of increase on other quotas

760. §1371 — General adjustment of quotas

761. §1372 — Payment, collection, and refund of penalties

762. §1372 — Section 1314h of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 108–357, title VI, § 611(a) , Oct. 22, 2004 , 118 Stat. 1522 .

763. §1373 — Reports and records

764. §1374 — Measurement of farms and report of plantings; remeasurement

765. §1375 — Regulations

766. §1376 — Court jurisdiction; duties of United States attorneys; remedies and penalties as additional

767. §1377 — Preservation of unused acreage allotments

768. §1378 — Transfer of acreage allotments ensuing from agency acquisition of farmlands

769. §1379 — Reconstitution of farms

770. § 1379a. Legislative findings

771. § 1379b. Wheat marketing allocation; amount; national allocation percentage; commercial and noncommercial wheat-producing areas

772. § 1379c. Marketing certificates

773. § 1379d. Marketing restrictions

774. § 1379e. Assistance in purchase and sale of marketing certificates; regulations; administrative expenses; interest

775. Section 403(a) of Pub. L. 91–524 provided that the amendment made by that section is effective only with respect to marketing years beginning July 1, 1971 , July 1, 1972 , and July 1, 1973 .

776. § 1379f. Conversion factors

777. § 1379g. Authority to facilitate transition

778. § 1379h. Applicability of provisions to designated persons; reports and records; examinations by the Secretary

779. § 1379i. Penalties

780. § 1379j. Regulations

781. §1383 — Insurance of cotton; reconcentration

782. § 1383a. Written consent for reconcentration of cotton

783. §1385 — Chapter 35A [§ 1421 et seq.] of this title, referred to in text, was in the original a reference to the Agricultural Act of 1949.

784. §1385 — Chapter 3B [§ 590a et seq.] of title 16, referred to in text, was in the original a reference to the Soil Conservation Act, probably meaning the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act.

785. §1385 — Finality of payments and loans; substitution of beneficiaries

786. §1386 — Exemption from laws prohibiting interest of Members of Congress in contracts

787. §1387 — Photographic reproductions and maps

788. §1388 — Chapter 3B [§ 590a et seq.] of title 16, referred to in text, was in the original a reference to the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act.

789. §1388 — Utilization of local agencies

790. §1389 — Personnel

791. §1390 — Chapter 3B [§ 590a et seq.] of title 16, referred to in text, was in the original a reference to the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act.

792. §1390 — Separability

793. §1391 — Authorization of appropriations; loans from Commodity Credit Corporation

794. §1392 — Administrative expenses; posting names and compensation of local employees

795. §1392 — Chapter 3B [§ 590a et seq.] of title 16, referred to in text, was in the original a reference to the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act.

796. §1393 — Allotment of appropriations

797. §1421 — Price support

798. § 1421a. Financial impact study

799. § 1421b. Costs of production

800. § 1421d. Commodity reports

801. §1422 — Increase of price support levels

802. §1423 — Adjustments of support prices

803. §1424 — Utilization of services and facilities of Commodity Credit Corporation

804. §1425 — Producer rights and liabilities

805. § 1425a. Producers of honey; loan obligations and liabilities

806. Section 1446h of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–127, title I, § 171(b)(2)(H) , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 938 .

807. §1427 — Commodity Credit Corporation sales price restrictions

808. §1427 — Section 1. (a) The Secretary of Agriculture is hereby designated and empowered to exercise, without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President, the authority vested in the President by clause (1) of the fifth sentence of section 407 of the Agricultural Act of 1949, as amended ( 7 U.S.C. 1427 ), to the extent prescribed in subsection (b) of this section.

809. § 1427a. Reserve inventories for alleviation of distress of natural disaster

810. Section 2267 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 100–387, title I, § 101(b)(1) , Aug. 11, 1988 , 102 Stat. 931 .

811. §1428 — Definitions

812. §1428 — Section 1441(g) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was omitted from the Code.

813. §1429 — Determinations of Secretary as final and conclusive

814. §1430 — Retroactive effect

815. §1431 — Disposition of commodities to prevent waste

816. §1431 — Section 2226 of the American Aid to Poland Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (b)(7)(D)(ii), is section 2226 of Pub. L. 100–418 , which is set out as a note below.

817. §1431 — Section 407(c) of the Food for Peace Act [ 7 U.S.C. 1736a(c) ], referred to in subsec. (b)(7)(F), was redesignated section 407(b) of that Act [ 7 U.S.C. 1736a(b) ] by Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1011(e)(2) , Dec. 21, 1995 , 109 Stat. 709 .

818. § 1431a. Cotton donations to educational institutions

819. § 1431b. Distribution of surplus commodities to other United States areas

820. § 1431c. Enrichment and packaging of cornmeal, grits, rice, and white flour available for distribution

821. Section 1431(3) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated as section 1431(a)(3) of this title by Pub. L. 98–258, title V, § 502(1) , Apr. 10, 1984 , 98 Stat. 137 .

822. § 1431d. Donations for school feeding programs abroad; student financing; priorities

823. Section 308 of Public Law 480 (83d Congress), referred to in text, which was classified to section 1697 of this title , was repealed by Pub. L. 89–808, § 2(D) , Nov. 11, 1966 , 80 Stat. 1535 .

824. § 1431e. Distribution of surplus commodities to special nutrition projects; reprocessing agreements with private companies

825. § 1431f. Assistance to foreign countries to mitigate effects of HIV and AIDS

826. §1432 — Extension of price support on long staple cotton seeds and products

827. §1432 — Section 1347 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 98–88, § 2 , Aug. 26, 1983 , 97 Stat. 494 .

828. § 1433a. Forgiveness of violations; determinations

829. § 1433b. Processing of surplus agricultural commodities into liquid fuels and agricultural commodity byproducts

830. § 1433c. Advance recourse commodity loans

831. §1434 — Encouragement of production of crops of which United States is a net importer and for which price support programs are not in effect; authority to plant on set-aside acreage with no reduction in payment rate

832. §1435 — Production of commodities for conversion into alcohol or hydrocarbons for use as motor fuels or other fuels; terms and conditions; determinations; payments, etc., for program

833. §1436 — Reimbursement of appropriations available for classing or grading agriculture commodities without charge

834. § 1436a. Transfer of nonadministrative funds of Commodity Credit Corporation for classing and grading purposes

835. §1441 — Price support levels

836. § 1441a. Cost of production study and establishment of current national weighted average cost of production

837. §1442 — Price support and acreage requirements for corn and other feed grains

838. §1444 — Cotton price support levels

839. §1444 — Section 1426 of this title , referred to in subsec. (h)(15), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–127, title I, § 171(b)(2)(I) , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 938 .

840. §1444 — Section 1441(d) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated section 1441(c) of this title by Pub. L. 108–357, title VI, § 612(b)(4) , Oct. 22, 2004 , 118 Stat. 1524 .

841. § 1444a. Corn and feed grains and cotton programs

842. § 1444b. Feed grains; price support program

843. § 1445a. Wheat price support levels; “cooperator” defined

844. § 1445d. Special wheat acreage grazing and hay program for 1978 through 1990 crop years

845. § 1445e. Farmer owned reserve program

846. § 1445f. International Emergency Food Reserve

847. § 1445g. Production of commodities for conversion into industrial hydrocarbons; terms and conditions; incentive payments; regulations; appropriations; effective date

848. § 1445i. Multiyear set-aside contracts for 1986 through 1990 crops of wheat, feed grains, upland cotton, and rice

849. § 1445j. Deficiency and land diversion payments

850. § 1445k. Payments in commodities

851. §1446 — Price support levels for designated nonbasic agricultural commodities

852. §1446 — Section 1446e of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–127, title I, § 141(g) , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 915 .

853. §1446 — Section 252 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(E)(i), (F)(i)(I), is classified to section 902 of Title 2 , The Congress, and was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–508, title XIII, § 13101(a) , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1388–581 . Provisions relating to Presidential orders are contained in section 904(f)(5) of Title 2 .

854. § 1446a. Dairy products; availability through Commodity Credit Corporation

855. § 1446b. Policy with regard to dairy products

856. § 1446c. Domestic disposal programs for dairy products

857. §1447 — Price support levels for other nonbasic agricultural commodities

858. §1447 — Section 1446d of this title , referred to in text, was omitted from the Code.

859. §1448 — Price support levels for storable nonbasic agricultural commodities

860. §1449 — Determination of price support level

861. §1471 — Definitions

862. §1471 — Section 1985(e)(1)(D)(ii) of this title , referred to in par. (5), was redesignated section 1985(e)(1)(A)(ii) of this title by Pub. L. 104–127, title VI, § 638(3)(A)(ii) , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1096 .

863. §1471 — Section 5304 of title 25 , referred to in par. (1)(B)(i), (iii), has been amended, and subsecs. (b) and (c) of section 5304 no longer define the terms “Indian tribe” and “tribal organization”. However, such terms are defined elsewhere in that section.

864. § 1471a. Emergency livestock assistance

865. § 1471b. Determination of need for assistance

866. § 1471c. Eligible producers

867. § 1471d. Assistance programs

868. § 1471e. Additional assistance

869. § 1471f. Use of Commodity Credit Corporation

870. § 1471g. Benefits limitation

871. Section 1308 of this title (before the amendment made by section 1603(a) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008), referred to in subsec. (b)(1), probably means section 1308 of this title before the amendment made by section 1603(b)(3)(A) of that Act, Pub. L. 110–246 , which struck out provisions in section 1308 of this title relating to issuance of regulations defining the term “person”.

872. § 1471h. Ineligibility

873. § 1471i. Administration

874. § 1471j. Penalties

875. §1472 — Assistance for livestock producers

876. §1501 — Short title and application of other provisions

877. §1502 — Purpose; definitions; protection of information; relation to other laws

878. §1503 — Federal Crop Insurance Corporation; creation; offices

879. §1504 — Capital stock of Corporation

880. § 1504a. Capitalization of Corporation

881. §1505 — Management of Corporation

882. §1506 — General powers

883. §1506 — Section 405(c)(2)(C)(iii) of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (m)(1), was redesignated section 405(c)(2)(C)(iv) of title 42 by Pub. L. 103–296, title III, § 321(a)(9)(B) , Aug. 15, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1536 .

884. §1507 — Personnel of Corporation

885. §1508 — Crop insurance

886. § 1508a. Double insurance and prevented planting

887. § 1508b. Stacked Income Protection Plan for producers of upland cotton

888. § 1508c. Peanut revenue crop insurance

889. § 1508d. Coverage for forage and grazing

890. §1509 — Exemption of indemnities from levy

891. §1510 — Deposit and investment of funds; Federal Reserve banks as fiscal agents

892. §1511 — Tax exemption

893. §1512 — Corporation as fiscal agent of Government

894. §1513 — Books of account and annual reports of Corporation

895. §1513 — Section 9105(f) of Title 31 , Money and Finance, provides that an audit under subsection (a) of that section is in place of an audit of the financial transactions of a Government corporation the Comptroller General is required to make in reporting to Congress or the President under another law.

896. §1514 — Crimes and offenses

897. §1515 — Program compliance and integrity

898. §1516 — Funding

899. §1517 — Separability

900. §1518 — “Agricultural commodity” defined

901. §1520 — Producer eligibility

902. §1521 — Ineligibility for catastrophic risk and noninsured assistance payments

903. §1522 — Research and development

904. §1523 — Pilot programs

905. §1523 — Section 1522(e)(4) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title XI, § 11022(b)(3) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 973 .

906. §1524 — Education and risk management assistance

907. §1524 — Section 1308(5) of this title , which required the Secretary to issue regulations defining “person”, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), was redesignated section 1308(e) and amended by section 1603(b)(1) of Pub. L. 107–171 . Section 1603(a) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, Pub. L. 110–246 , subsequently amended the definition of “covered commodity” in section 1308(a)(1). Section 1603(b) of Pub. L. 110–246 amended section 1308 by, among other things, striking out subsec. (e) and adding subsec. (a)(4) which defined “person”. The amendments by section 1603 of Pub. L. 110–246 to section 1308 were effective May 22, 2008 .

908. §1531 — Section 1105 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, referred to in subsec. (b)(4)(A)(iii), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1103(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 658 .

909. §1531 — Section 2(a) of Pub. L. 110–398 , which directed amendment of section 531 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act, was executed to this section, which is section 531 of subtitle B of title V of act Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress. The Federal Crop Insurance Act is subtitle A of title V of act of Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30 .

910. §1531 — Section 2279(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(18), was redesignated section 2279(a) of this title by section 12301(b)(3) of Pub. L. 115–334 .

911. §1531 — Supplemental agricultural disaster assistance

912. §1551 — Short title

913. §1561 — Definition of terms

914. §1562 — False representations as certified seed; required provisions

915. §1571 — Prohibitions relating to interstate commerce in certain seeds

916. §1572 — Records

917. §1573 — Exemptions

918. §1574 — Disclaimers, limited warranties and nonwarranties

919. §1575 — False advertising

920. §1581 — Prohibitions relating to importations

921. §1582 — Procedure relating to importations; disposal of refuse; exceptions

922. §1585 — Certain seeds not adapted for general agricultural use

923. §1586 — Certain acts prohibited

924. §1591 — Delegation of duties

925. §1592 — Rules and regulations

926. §1593 — Standards, tests, tolerances

927. § 1593a. Seed variety information and survey

928. §1594 — Prohibition against alterations

929. §1595 — Seizure

930. §1596 — Penalties

931. §1597 — Agent’s acts as binding principal

932. §1598 — Notice of intention to prosecute

933. §1599 — Cease and desist proceedings

934. §1600 — Appeal to court of appeals

935. §1601 — Enforcement of order

936. §1602 — Separability

937. §1603 — Procedural powers; witness fees and mileage

938. §1604 — Publication

939. §1605 — Authorization of appropriations

940. §1606 — Authorization of expenditures

941. §1607 — Cooperation with other governmental agencies

942. §1608 — Separability

943. §1609 — Repeals

944. §1610 — Effective date

945. §1611 — Illegal sales of uncertified seed

946. §1621 — Congressional declaration of purpose; use of existing facilities; cooperation with States

947. §1622 — Duties of Secretary relating to agricultural products

948. §1622 — Section 304 of 1961 Reorg. Plan No. 7, eff. Aug. 12, 1961 , 26 F.R. 7315, 75 Stat. 840 , set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, abolished Federal Maritime Board, including offices of members of Board. Functions of Board transferred either to Federal Maritime Commission or to Secretary of Commerce by sections 103 and 202 of 1961 Reorg. Plan No. 7.

949. § 1622a. Authority to assist farmers and elevator operators

950. § 1622b. Specialty crops market news allocation

951. §1623 — Authorization of appropriations; allotments to States

952. §1624 — Cooperation with Government and State agencies, private research organizations, etc.; rules and regulations

953. §1624 — Section 5 of the Act of June 20, 1874 , as amended (31 U.S.C. sec. 713), referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by act July 6, 1949, ch. 299, § 3 , 63 Stat. 407 .

954. §1625 — Transfer and consolidation of functions, powers, bureaus, etc.

955. §1626 — Definitions

956. §1627 — Appointment of personnel; compensation; employment of specialists

957. § 1627a. Sheep production and marketing grant program

958. § 1627b. National Sheep Industry Improvement Center

959. § 1627c. Local agriculture market program

960. §1629 — Establishment of committees to assist in research and service programs

961. §1631 — Protection for purchasers of farm products

962. § 1632a. Agricultural marketing resource center pilot project

963. § 1632b. Agriculture Innovation Center Demonstration Program

964. § 1632c. Acer access and development program

965. § 1632d. Dairy business innovation initiatives

966. § 1632e. Cattle Contracts Library

967. §1633 — Cooperation with State agencies in administration and enforcement of laws relating to marketing of agricultural products and control or eradication of plant and animal diseases and pests; coordination of administration of Federal and State laws

968. §1635 — Purpose

969. § 1635a. Definitions

970. § 1635d. Definitions

971. § 1635e. Mandatory reporting for live cattle

972. § 1635f. Mandatory packer reporting of boxed beef sales

973. § 1635i. Definitions

974. § 1635j. Mandatory reporting for swine

975. § 1635k. Mandatory reporting of wholesale pork cuts

976. § 1635m. Mandatory reporting for lambs

977. §1636 — General provisions

978. § 1636a. Unlawful acts

979. § 1636b. Enforcement

980. § 1636c. Fees

981. § 1636d. Recordkeeping

982. § 1636e. Voluntary reporting

983. § 1636f. Publication of information on retail purchase prices for representative meat products

984. § 1636g. Suspension authority regarding specific terms of price reporting requirements

985. § 1636h. Federal preemption

986. § 1636i. Termination of authority

987. §1637 — Purpose

988. § 1637a. Definitions

989. § 1637b. Mandatory reporting for dairy products

990. §1638 — Definitions

991. § 1638a. Notice of country of origin

992. § 1638b. Enforcement

993. § 1638c. Regulations

994. § 1638d. Applicability

995. §1639 — Definitions

996. § 1639a. Applicability

997. § 1639b. Establishment of national bioengineered food disclosure standard

998. § 1639c. Savings provisions

999. § 1639i. Federal preemption

1000. § 1639j. Exclusion from Federal preemption

1001. § 1639o. Definitions

1002. § 1639p. State and tribal plans

1003. § 1639q. Department of Agriculture

1004. § 1639r. Regulations and guidelines; effect on other law

1005. § 1639s. Authorization of appropriations

1006. §1641 — Availability of wheat for export; utilization of funds and facilities; prices; authorization of appropriations

1007. §1641 — Section 1510 of title 22 , referred to in text, was repealed by act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, § 542(a) , 68 Stat. 861 .

1008. §1642 — Enforcement by President

1009. §1642 — Section 607(g) of the Federal Employees Pay Act of 1945, as amended, referred to in subsec. (h), was repealed by act Sept. 12, 1950, ch. 946, title III, § 301 (85), 64 Stat. 843 .

1010. §1691 — United States policy It is the policy of the United States to use its abundant agricultural productivity to promote the foreign policy of the United States by enhancing the food security of the developing world through the use of agricultural commodities and local currencies accruing under this chapter to-

1011. § 1691a. Food aid to developing countries

1012. §1692 — Transferred

1013. §1701 — Economic assistance and food security

1014. §1702 — Agreements regarding eligible countries and private entities

1015. §1703 — Terms and conditions of sales

1016. §1704 — Section 2152h of title 22 , referred to in subsec. (c)(8), was in the original “section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961” which was translated as meaning the section 135 of the Act which is classified to section 2152h of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse, rather than to the section 135 of the Act which is classified to section 2152f of Title 22 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1017. §1704 — Section 704 of Pub. L. 87–195 , cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by section 401 of Pub. L. 87–565 , pt. IV, Aug. 1, 1962 , 76 Stat. 263 , except insofar as section 704 affected this section.

1018. §1704 — Use of local currency payment

1019. § 1704a. Agreements for use of foreign currencies; reports to Congress

1020. § 1704c. Payments by Secretary of Defense in liquidation of amount due for foreign currencies

1021. §1721 — General authority

1022. §1722 — Provision of agricultural commodities

1023. §1723 — Generation and use of currencies by private voluntary organizations and cooperatives

1024. §1724 — Levels of assistance

1025. §1725 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the Group.

1026. §1725 — Food Aid Consultative Group

1027. § 1726a. Administration

1028. § 1726b. International food relief partnership

1029. § 1726c. Local and regional food aid procurement projects

1030. §1727 — Bilateral grant program

1031. § 1727a. Eligible countries

1032. § 1727b. Grant programs

1033. § 1727c. Direct uses or sales of commodities

1034. § 1727d. Local currency accounts

1035. Section 1306 of title 31 shall not apply to the use under this subsection of local currency proceeds that are owned by the United States.

1036. § 1727e. Use of local currency proceeds

1037. §1728 — Findings regarding emergency food assistance

1038. § 1728a. President’s Emergency Food Assistance Fund

1039. §1731 — Commodity determinations

1040. §1732 — Definitions

1041. §1733 — General provisions

1042. §1734 — Agreements

1043. §1735 — Consultation

1044. §1736 — Use of Commodity Credit Corporation

1045. § 1736a. Administrative provisions

1046. § 1736b. Expiration date

1047. § 1736dd. International food security technical assistance

1048. § 1736e. Debt forgiveness

1049. § 1736f. Authorization of appropriations

1050. § 1736g. Coordination of foreign assistance programs

1051. § 1736h. Congressional consultation on bilateral commodity supply agreements

1052. § 1736l. Consultation on grain marketing

1053. § 1736o. Food for progress

1054. § 1736p. Trade policy declaration

1055. § 1736r. Trade negotiations policy

1056. § 1736u. Cooperator market development program

1057. § 1736y. Contract sanctity and producer embargo protection

1058. §1737 — John Ogonowski and Doug Bereuter Farmer-to-Farmer Program

1059. §1738 — Establishment of Facility

1060. §1738 — Section 1. Functions to be Performed by the Secretary of the Treasury . (a) The Secretary of the Treasury is hereby designated to perform the functions of the President under the following provisions of law:

1061. § 1738a. Purpose

1062. § 1738b. Eligibility for benefits under Facility

1063. § 1738c. Reduction of certain debt

1064. § 1738d. Repayment of principal

1065. § 1738e. Interest of new obligations

1066. § 1738f. Environmental framework agreements

1067. § 1738g. Enterprise for the Americas environmental funds

1068. § 1738h. Disbursement of environmental funds

1069. § 1738i. Enterprise for the Americas Board

1070. § 1738j. Oversight

1071. § 1738k. Eligible activities and grantees

1072. § 1738l. Encouraging multilateral debt donations

1073. § 1738m. Annual report to Congress

1074. § 1738n. Consultations with Congress

1075. § 1738o. Sale of qualified debt to eligible countries

1076. § 1738p. Sale, reduction, or cancellation of qualified debt to facilitate certain debt swaps

1077. § 1738q. Notification to congressional committees

1078. Section 1707a of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, § 1574 , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3702 . See section 5621 et seq. of this title.

1079. § 1738r. “Qualified debt” defined

1080. §1741 — Maximum and minimum quantities for set-aside; “commodity set-aside” defined

1081. §1742 — Determination of commodity value for set-aside

1082. §1743 — Reduction of set-aside

1083. §1744 — Sale of commodities in set-aside; exemption from pricing limitations

1084. §1745 — Computation of carryover

1085. §1746 — Records and accounts

1086. §1747 — Authorization of appropriations; determination of value of transferred commodity

1087. §1748 — Annual reports by agricultural attachés

1088. §1749 — Attaché educational program

1089. §1761 — Foreign markets; collection of information

1090. §1762 — Personnel

1091. §1762 — Section 1. (a) The provisions of section 207 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 ( 22 U.S.C. 3927 ) shall be applicable to the official activities of persons assigned abroad under authority of Title VI of the said act of August 28, 1954 [this chapter].

1092. §1763 — Transferred

1093. §1764 — Reports and dispatches

1094. §1765 — Foreign service appropriations; applicability

1095. § 1765a. Agricultural Trade Offices

1096. § 1765b. Functions

1097. § 1765c. Performance of functions in foreign localities

1098. § 1765d. Acquisition of property

1099. § 1765e. Location of offices

1100. § 1765f. Availability of agency services, personnel, and facilities

1101. § 1765g. Availability of reports and dispatches

1102. § 1765h. Representation allowance

1103. §1766 — Rules and regulations; advance payment for rent and other service; funds for courtesies to foreign representatives

1104. § 1766a. Presidential regulations

1105. § 1766b. Language training for families of officers and employees assigned abroad

1106. § 1766c. Allowances and benefits

1107. §1767 — Authorization of appropriations

1108. §1767 — Section 961(d) of title 22 , referred to in subsec. (c), was in the original “section 571(d) of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, as amended” and was repealed by section 2205(l) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, Pub. L. 96–465, title II , Oct. 17, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2159 . The Foreign Service Act of 1980 is classified principally to chapter 52 (§ 3901 et seq.) of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse. Section 2401(c) of the 1980 Act ( 22 U.S.C. 4172(c) ) provides in part that references in law to provisions of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 shall be deemed to include reference to the corresponding provisions of the 1980 Act. For provisions corresponding to section 571(d) of the 1946 Act, see section 503(b)(2) of the 1980 Act ( 22 U.S.C. 3983(b)(2) ).

1109. §1768 — Foreign Operations Administration unaffected

1110. §1769 — “Agricultural commodity” defined

1111. § 1831a. Contract restrictions

1112. §1838 — Conversion of cropland into vegetative cover, water storage, wildlife and conservation uses; contracts with farmers

1113. §1854 — Agreements limiting imports

1114. §1854 — Section 1. (a) In accordance with policy guidance provided by the Committee for the Implementation of Textile Agreements (CITA), through its Chairman, in accordance with the provisions of Executive Order No. 11651, as amended [set out above], the Secretary of the Treasury shall issue regulations governing the entry or withdrawal from warehouse for consumption of textiles and textile products subject to Section 204 of the Act [ 7 U.S.C. 1854 ].

1115. §1854 — Section 1. (a) The Committee for the Implementation of Textile Agreements (hereinafter referred to as the Committee), consisting of representatives of the Departments of State, the Treasury, Commerce, and Labor, with the representative of the Department of Commerce as Chairman, is hereby established to supervise the implementation of all textile trade agreements. It shall be located for administrative purposes in the Department of Commerce. The United States Trade Representative, or his designee, also shall be a member of the Committee.

1116. §1854 — Section 1. The Secretary of the Treasury, with the concurrence of the Secretary of State and the Special Representative for Trade Negotiations [now United States Trade Representative], in order to implement an agreement concluded in December 1974 with the Commission of the European Communities designed to prevent the transshipment to the United States of certain cheeses on which restitution payments have been made, is authorized to issue regulations:

1117. §1854 — Section 1. The United States Trade Representative, with the concurrence of the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of State, is authorized to negotiate bilateral agreements with representatives of governments of foreign countries limiting the export from the respective countries and the importation into the United States of—

1118. §1855 — Supplemental appropriations to encourage exportation and domestic consumption of agricultural products

1119. §1856 — Section 1704(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, § 1512 , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3635 , and, as so amended, no longer contains provisions relating to a supplemental stockpile.

1120. §1856 — Transfer of bartered materials to supplemental stockpile; limitation of acquisition to certain programs; authorization of appropriations

1121. §1859 — Donation to penal and correctional institutions

1122. §1860 — Federal irrigation, drainage, and flood-control projects

1123. §1901 — Findings and declaration of policy

1124. §1902 — Humane methods

1125. §1904 — Methods research; designation of methods

1126. §1906 — Exemption of ritual slaughter

1127. §1907 — Practices involving nonambulatory livestock

1128. §1911 — Consultation of Secretary of Agriculture with farmers, farm and commodity organizations and other persons and organizations; travel and per diem expenses

1129. §1912 — Submission of legislative proposals

1130. §1913 — Authority of Secretary of Agriculture under other provisions of law and to establish and consult with advisory committees

1131. §1921 — Congressional findings

1132. §1922 — Persons eligible for real estate loans

1133. §1923 — Purposes of loans

1134. §1924 — Conservation loan and loan guarantee program

1135. §1925 — Limitations on amount of farm ownership loans

1136. §1926 — Section 2009 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(21)(A)(ii), was subsequently amended, and no longer defines the term “rural area”.

1137. §1926 — Section 766 of the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(a)[title VII, § 766] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681 , 2681–37, which is not classified to the Code.

1138. §1926 — Water and waste facility loans and grants

1139. § 1926a. Emergency and imminent community water assistance grant program

1140. § 1926c. Water and waste facility loans and grants to alleviate health risks

1141. Section 325 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (d)(2), is section 325 of Pub. L. 105–83 , title III, Nov. 14, 1997 , 111 Stat. 1597 , which is not classified to the Code.

1142. § 1926d. Water systems for rural and Native villages in Alaska

1143. § 1926e. Rural decentralized water systems

1144. § 1926f. Contracts with not-for-profit third parties

1145. §1927 — Repayment requirements

1146. § 1927a. Loan interest rates charged by Farmers Home Administration; grant funds associated with loans

1147. §1928 — Full faith and credit

1148. §1929 — Agricultural Credit Insurance Fund

1149. §1929 — Section 11(a) of the Bankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Act, referred to in subsec. (a), refers to section 11(a) of act July 22, 1937, ch. 517, title I , as added Aug. 14, 1946, ch. 964, § 5 , 60 Stat. 1072 , which was classified to section 1005a of this title and was repealed by section 341(a) of Pub. L. 87–128 .

1150. §1929 — Section 1988(c) of this title (before the amendment made by section 749(a)(1) of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996), referred to in subsec. (g)(1), means subsec. (c) of section 1988 of this title prior to repeal by section 749(a)(1) of Pub. L. 104–127 .

1151. § 1929a. Rural Development Insurance Fund

1152. § 1929b. Purchase of guaranteed portions of loans; terms and conditions; exercise of authorities

1153. §1930 — Continued availability of appropriated funds for direct real estate loans to farmers and ranchers

1154. §1932 — Assistance for rural entities

1155. §1932 — Title V of the Housing Act of 1949, referred to in subsec. (d)(7), is title V of act July 15, 1949, ch. 338 , 63 Stat. 432 , which is classified generally to subchapter III (§ 1471 et seq.) of chapter 8A of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the code, see References in Text note set out under section 1441 of Title 42 and Tables.

1156. §1933 — Guaranteed rural housing loans; Hawaiian home lands

1157. §1933 — Section 517(a) of the Housing Act of 1949 [ 42 U.S.C. 1487(a) ], referred to in subsec. (a), was amended by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title V, § 514(a)(1)], Nov. 30, 1983 , 98 Stat. 1247 , and, as so amended, does not contain a par. (2).

1158. §1933 — Title V of the Housing Act of 1949, referred to in subsec. (b), is title V of act July 15, 1949, ch. 338 , 63 Stat. 432 , which is classified generally to subchapter III (§ 1471 et seq.) of chapter 8A of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see References in Text note set out under section 1441 of Title 42 and Tables.

1159. §1934 — Low-income farm ownership loan program; eligibility; repayment requirements

1160. §1935 — Down payment loan program

1161. §1936 — Beginning farmer or rancher and socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher contract land sales program

1162. § 1936a. Use of rural development loans and grants for other purposes

1163. § 1936b. Intermediary relending program

1164. § 1936c. Relending program to resolve ownership and succession on farmland

1165. §1941 — Persons eligible for loans

1166. §1941 — Section 2279(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B), was redesignated section 2279(a) of this title by section 12301(b)(3) of Pub. L. 115–334 .

1167. §1942 — Purposes of loans

1168. §1943 — Limitations on amount of operating loans

1169. §1944 — Soil conservation district loans; limitation; purchase of conservation equipment

1170. §1946 — Liability of borrower

1171. §1946 — Section 2279(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was redesignated section 2279(a) of this title by section 12301(b)(3) of Pub. L. 115–334 .

1172. §1949 — Graduation of borrowers with operating loans or guarantees to private commercial credit

1173. §1961 — Eligibility for loans

1174. §1962 — Loan determination factors; written credit declinations

1175. §1963 — Purpose and extent of loans

1176. §1964 — Section 162(b) of Pub. L. 97–35 provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to loans made with respect to disasters occurring after September 30, 1981 ”.

1177. §1964 — Terms of loans

1178. §1966 — Emergency Credit Revolving Fund utilization

1179. §1966 — Section 1148a of title 12 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 92–181, title V, § 5 .26(a), Dec. 10, 1971 , 85 Stat. 624 . See section 2252 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

1180. §1967 — Addition to Emergency Credit Revolving Fund of sums from liquidation of loans; authorization of appropriations

1181. §1970 — Eligibility for assistance based on production loss

1182. §1981 — Farmers Home Administration

1183. §1981 — Section 14 of title 6 , referred to in subsec. (b)(7), was repealed by Pub. L. 92–310, title II, § 203(1) , June 6, 1972 , 86 Stat. 202 . For provisions relating to surety bonds of Federal personnel, see section 9301 et seq. of Title 31, Money and Finance.

1184. § 1981a. Loan moratorium and policy on foreclosures

1185. § 1981b. Farm loan interest rates

1186. § 1981c. Oil and gas royalty payments on loans

1187. § 1981d. Notice of loan service programs

1188. § 1981e. Planting and production history guidelines

1189. § 1981f. Underwriting forms and standards

1190. §1982 — Relief for mobilized military reservists from certain agricultural loan obligations

1191. §1983 — Special conditions and limitations on loans

1192. § 1983a. Prompt approval of loans and loan guarantees

1193. § 1983b. Beginning farmer and rancher individual development accounts pilot program

1194. § 1983c. Provision of information to borrowers

1195. § 1983d. Farmer loan pilot projects

1196. §1984 — Taxation

1197. §1985 — Security servicing

1198. §1986 — Conflicts of interests

1199. §1987 — Debt adjustment and credit counseling; “summary period” defined; loan summary statements

1200. §1988 — Appropriations

1201. §1989 — Rules and regulations

1202. §1990 — Transfer of lands to Secretary

1203. § 1990a. Refinancing of certain rural hospital debt

1204. §1991 — Definitions

1205. §1991 — Section 1254 of the Food Security Act of 1985, referred to in subsec. (a)(10), is section 1254 of Pub. L. 99–198 , title XII, Dec. 23, 1985 , 99 Stat. 1517 , which amended Pub. L. 98–258, § 608 , set out as a note under section 1981 of this title .

1206. §1991 — Section 202 of the Emergency Agricultural Credit Adjustment Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(10), is section 202 of Pub. L. 95–334 , title II, Aug. 4, 1978 , 92 Stat. 429 , which was set out in a note preceding section 1961 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 101–624, title XVIII, § 1851 , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3837 .

1207. §1992 — Loan limitations

1208. §1993 — Transition to private commercial or other sources of credit

1209. §1994 — Maximum amounts for loans authorized; long-term cost projections

1210. §1995 — Participation and financial and technical assistance by other Federal departments, etc., to program participants

1211. §1996 — Loans to resident aliens

1212. §1997 — Conservation easements

1213. §1998 — Guaranteed farm loan programs

1214. §1999 — Interest rate reduction program

1215. §2000 — Homestead protection

1216. §2000 — Section 1983b of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(3), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–354, title II, § 281(c) , Oct. 13, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3233 .

1217. §2001 — Debt restructuring and loan servicing

1218. §2001 — Section 1983b of this title , referred to in subsec. (h), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–354, title II, § 281(c) , Oct. 13, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3233 .

1219. § 2001a. Debt restructuring and loan servicing for community facility loans

1220. §2002 — Transfer of inventory lands

1221. §2003 — Target participation rates

1222. §2004 — Expedited clearing of title to inventory property

1223. §2005 — Payment of losses on guaranteed loans

1224. §2006 — Waiver of mediation rights by borrowers

1225. § 2006a. Borrower training

1226. § 2006b. Loan assessments

1227. § 2006c. Supervised credit

1228. § 2006d. Market placement

1229. § 2006e. Prohibition on use of loans for certain purposes

1230. Section 3801(a) of title 16 , referred to in text, was subsequently amended, and section 3801(a)(16) no longer defines the term “wetland”. However, such term is defined elsewhere in that section.

1231. § 2006f. Rural development certified lenders program

1232. §2008 — Rural development and farm loan program activities

1233. § 2008a. Equitable relief

1234. § 2008b. Socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; qualified beginning farmers and ranchers

1235. § 2008c. Rural Business-Cooperative Service programs technical assistance and training

1236. § 2008d. Recordkeeping of loans by borrower’s gender

1237. § 2008e. Prohibition under rural development programs

1238. § 2008f. Crop insurance requirement

1239. § 2008g. Payment of interest as condition of loan servicing for borrowers

1240. § 2008h. Loan and loan servicing limitations

1241. § 2008i. Short form certification of farm program borrower compliance

1242. § 2008j. Transferred

1243. § 2008k. Making and servicing of loans by personnel of State, county, or area committees

1244. § 2008l. Eligibility of employees of State, county, or area committee for loans and loan guarantees

1245. § 2008m. National Rural Development Partnership

1246. § 2008p. Grants for NOAA weather radio transmitters

1247. § 2008s. Rural microentrepreneur assistance program

1248. § 2008u. Health care services

1249. § 2008v. Strategic economic and community development

1250. § 2008w. Rural Innovation Stronger Economy Grant Program

1251. § 2008x. Reporting

1252. §2009 — Definitions

1253. § 2009a. Establishment

1254. § 2009aa. Definitions

1255. § 2009b. National objectives

1256. § 2009bb. Definitions

1257. § 2009c. Strategic plans

1258. § 2009cc. Definitions

1259. § 2009d. Rural Development Trust Fund

1260. § 2009e. Transfers of funds

1261. § 2009f. Grants to States

1262. § 2009g. Guarantee and commitment to guarantee loans

1263. § 2009h. Local involvement

1264. § 2009i. Interstate collaboration

1265. § 2009j. Annual report

1266. § 2009k. Rural development interagency working group

1267. § 2009l. Duties of Rural Economic and Community Development State Offices

1268. § 2009m. Electronic transfer

1269. §2011 — Congressional declaration of policy

1270. §2012 — Definitions

1271. § 2012a. Publicly operated community health centers

1272. §2013 — Establishment of supplemental nutrition assistance program

1273. §2014 — Eligible households

1274. §2014 — Section 3507 of title 26 , referred to in subsec. (d)(13), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–226, title II, § 219(a)(1) , Aug. 10, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2403 .

1275. § 2014a. Notice of change in State of residence of certified household

1276. §2015 — Eligibility disqualifications

1277. §2016 — Issuance and use of program benefits

1278. § 2016a. EBT benefit fraud prevention

1279. Section 1101(b)(1) of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 1101(b)(1) of Pub. L. 117–2 , title I, Mar. 11, 2021 , 135 Stat. 15 , which is not classified to the Code.

1280. §2017 — Value of allotment

1281. §2018 — Approval of retail food stores and wholesale food concerns

1282. §2019 — Redemption of program benefits

1283. §2020 — Administration

1284. §2021 — Civil penalties and disqualification of retail food stores and wholesale food concerns

1285. §2022 — Disposition of claims

1286. §2023 — Administrative and judicial review; restoration of rights

1287. §2024 — Violations and enforcement

1288. §2025 — Administrative cost-sharing and quality control

1289. §2026 — Research, demonstration, and evaluations

1290. §2026 — Section 402 of the Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(C), which was classified to section 602 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, was repealed and a new section 402 enacted by Pub. L. 104–193, title I, § 103(a)(1) , Aug. 22, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2112 , and, as so enacted, no longer contains subsecs. (a)(19) and (g).

1291. § 2026a. Healthy fluid milk incentives projects

1292. §2027 — Appropriations and allotments

1293. §2028 — Consolidated block grants for Puerto Rico and American Samoa

1294. §2029 — Workfare

1295. §2031 — Minnesota Family Investment Project

1296. §2031 — Section 482 of the Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(11), was classified to section 682 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–193, title I, § 108(e) , Aug. 22, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2167 .

1297. §2032 — Automated data processing and information retrieval systems

1298. §2034 — Assistance for community food projects

1299. §2034 — Section 4406(a)(7) of Pub. L. 110–246 directed amendment of section 25 of the “Food and Nutrition Act of 2008” which is classified to this section. Pub. L. 110–380 , which directed amendment of section 4406(a)(7) of the “Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 ( Public Law 110–234 ; 122 Stat. 2902 )” by striking “Food and Nutrition Act of 2008” and inserting “Food Stamp Act of 1977” was treated as intending to amend section 4406(a)(7) of Pub. L. 110–246 which was identical to section 4406(a)(7) of Pub. L. 110–234 . However, since the amendment by Pub. L. 110–380 was effective Oct. 8, 2008 , and the amendment by section 4406(a)(7) of Pub. L. 110–246 was effective Oct. 1, 2008 , Pub. L. 110–380 had no effect on the execution of the amendment by section 4406(a)(7) of Pub. L. 110–246 to this section.

1300. §2035 — Simplified supplemental nutrition assistance program

1301. §2036 — Availability of commodities for emergency food assistance program

1302. § 2036a. Nutrition education and obesity prevention grant program

1303. § 2036b. Retail food store and recipient trafficking

1304. § 2036c. Annual State report on verification of SNAP participation

1305. § 2036d. Pilot projects to encourage the use of public-private partnerships committed to addressing food insecurity

1306. §2101 — Congressional declaration of policy

1307. §2102 — Orders of Secretary to cotton handlers

1308. §2103 — Notice and hearing upon proposed orders

1309. §2104 — Finding and issuance of orders

1310. §2105 — Permissive terms and conditions in orders

1311. §2106 — Required terms and conditions in orders

1312. §2107 — Referenda

1313. §2108 — Suspension and termination of orders

1314. §2109 — Provisions applicable to amendments

1315. §2110 — Refund of producer assessments

1316. §2111 — Administrative review of orders; petition; hearing; judicial review

1317. §2112 — Enforcement of orders; penalty for willful violation

1318. §2113 — Certification of cotton producer organizations

1319. §2114 — Rules and regulations

1320. §2115 — Investigations by Secretary; subpenas; oaths and affirmations; judicial aid

1321. §2116 — Definitions

1322. §2117 — Separability

1323. §2118 — Authorization of appropriations

1324. §2120 — Cotton; investigation of new uses; cooperation with State and other agencies

1325. §2121 — Cotton ginning investigations; publication of results; cooperation with Federal and State departments and agencies

1326. §2122 — Authorization of appropriations for cotton ginning studies

1327. §2131 — Congressional statement of policy

1328. §2132 — Definitions

1329. §2133 — Licensing of dealers and exhibitors

1330. §2134 — Valid license for dealers and exhibitors required

1331. §2135 — Time period for disposal of dogs or cats by dealers or exhibitors

1332. §2136 — Registration of research facilities, handlers, carriers and unlicensed exhibitors

1333. §2137 — Purchase of dogs or cats by research facilities prohibited except from authorized operators of auction sales and licensed dealers or exhibitors

1334. §2138 — Purchase of dogs or cats by United States Government facilities prohibited except from authorized operators of auction sales and licensed dealers or exhibitors

1335. §2139 — Principal-agent relationship established

1336. §2140 — Recordkeeping by dealers, exhibitors, research facilities, intermediate handlers, and carriers

1337. §2141 — Marking and identification of animals

1338. §2142 — Humane standards and recordkeeping requirements at auction sales

1339. §2143 — Standards and certification process for humane handling, care, treatment, and transportation of animals

1340. §2144 — Humane standards for animals by United States Government facilities

1341. §2145 — Consultation and cooperation with Federal, State, and local governmental bodies by Secretary of Agriculture

1342. §2146 — Administration and enforcement by Secretary

1343. §2146 — Title II of the Organized Crime Control Act of 1970, referred to in subsec. (c), is title II of Pub. L. 91–452 , Oct. 15, 1970 , 84 Stat. 926 , which created a general Federal immunity statute set out in section 6001 et seq. of Title 18, and repealed the individual immunity provisions formerly contained in various Federal regulatory schemes.

1344. § 2146a. Searchable database requirements

1345. §2147 — Inspection by legally constituted law enforcement agencies

1346. §2148 — Importation of live dogs

1347. §2149 — Violations by licensees

1348. §2151 — Rules and regulations

1349. §2152 — Separability

1350. §2153 — Fees and authorization of appropriations

1351. §2154 — Effective dates

1352. §2156 — Animal fighting venture prohibition

1353. §2157 — Release of trade secrets

1354. §2158 — Protection of pets

1355. §2159 — Authority to apply for injunctions

1356. §2160 — Prohibition on slaughter of dogs and cats for human consumption

1357. §2201 — Establishment of Department

1358. §2202 — Executive Department; Secretary

1359. §2202 — Title 4 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was entitled “Provisions Applicable to All Executive Departments, and consisted of R.S. §§ 158 to 198. For provisions of the Code derived from such title 4, see sections 101, 301, 303, 304, 503, 2952, 3101, 3106, 3341, 3345 to 3349, 5535, 5536 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees; section 207 of Title 18 , Crimes and Criminal Procedure; sections 514, 520 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure; section 3321 of Title 31 , Money and Finance.

1360. §2203 — Seal

1361. §2204 — General duties of Secretary; advisory functions; research and development

1362. § 2204a. Rural development; utilization of non-Federal offices; location of field units; interchange of personnel and facilities

1363. § 2204b. Rural development policy

1364. § 2204c. Water management for rural areas

1365. § 2204d. Encouragement of private contracting

1366. § 2204e. Office of Risk Assessment and Cost-Benefit Analysis

1367. § 2204g. Authority of Secretary of Agriculture to conduct census of agriculture

1368. § 2204h. Local food production and program evaluation

1369. § 2204i. Reports on land access and farmland ownership data collection

1370. § 2204j. National agriculture imagery program

1371. §2205 — Duties of former Commissioner of Agriculture transferred to Secretary

1372. §2206 — Custody of property and records

1373. § 2206a. Conveyance of excess Federal personal property

1374. § 2206b. Availability of excess and surplus computers in rural areas

1375. §2207 — Reports

1376. § 2207a. Reports to Congress on obligation and expenditure

1377. § 2207b. Program metrics

1378. § 2207c. Annual report on work of agricultural experiment stations and of college extension work; publication and distribution

1379. § 2207d. Reports on disbursement of funds for agricultural research and extension at 1862 and 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University

1380. §2208 — Expenditure of appropriations; accounting

1381. § 2208a. Loan levels provided to Department of Agriculture

1382. §2209 — Additional statement of expenditures

1383. § 2209a. Advances to chiefs of field parties

1384. § 2209b. Availability of appropriations

1385. § 2209c. Use of funds for one-year contracts to be performed in two fiscal years

1386. § 2209d. Statement of percentage and dollar amount of Federal funding

1387. § 2209e. Prohibition on payments to parties involved with prohibited drug-producing plants

1388. § 2209f. Restriction on commodity purchase program payments

1389. § 2209g. Availability of funds for uniforms or allowances

1390. § 2209h. Reimbursement of Office of the General Counsel

1391. § 2209i. Funding for preparation of final agency decisions regarding discrimination complaints

1392. § 2209j. Permanent debarment from participation in Department of Agriculture programs for fraud

1393. § 2209k. Prohibition on payments to fossil fuel refiners and importers

1394. Section 8101 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original “ 7 U.S.C. 8101 ” but probably should have been a reference to section 9001 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002, Pub. L. 107–171 , which is classified to section 8101 of this title .

1395. §2210 — Deputy Secretary of Agriculture; appointment

1396. §2211 — Powers and duties of Deputy Secretary of Agriculture

1397. §2214 — General Counsel; appointment

1398. §2215 — Chief clerk

1399. §2217 — Oaths, affirmations, and affidavits taken by officers, agents, or employees of Department; use and effect

1400. § 2217a. Power to administer oaths, examine witnesses, or require production of books, etc.

1401. §2218 — Fee for administering or taking oaths, affirmations, and affidavits

1402. §2219 — Salaries; how paid

1403. § 2219a. Overtime and holiday pay

1404. §2220 — Certain officials and employees of Department and others not subject to restriction on payment of compensation to Government officials and employees

1405. §2221 — Details of persons from or to office of Secretary

1406. §2222 — Details of law clerks

1407. §2223 — Details of employees from and to library and bureaus and offices

1408. §2224 — Details of employees from and to Division of Accounts and Disbursements and bureaus and offices; traveling expenses

1409. § 2224a. Utilization of employees of agencies for part-time and intermittent assistance to other agencies; exclusion of overtime resulting from natural disasters from staff year ceilings

1410. §2225 — Employment of temporary personnel

1411. § 2225a. Contracts for consulting services

1412. § 2225b. Personal service contracts for veterinarians

1413. § 2225c. Employment contracts for services abroad

1414. § 2225d. Availability of Department of Agriculture funds for temporary employment

1415. §2226 — Employment of persons for forest fire fighting, pest control, and handling of animals

1416. §2227 — Traveling expenses

1417. §2228 — Emergency subsistence for employees

1418. §2229 — Travel and per diem expenses of temporary or seasonal employees

1419. §2230 — Employees in Alaska; subsistence, equipment, and supplies

1420. §2231 — Official expenses of employees stationed abroad

1421. § 2231a. Reimbursement of employees for costs of State licenses and certification fees

1422. § 2231b. First amendment rights of employees of the United States Department of Agriculture

1423. §2232 — Stenographic reporting service

1424. §2233 — Funds available for expenses of advisory committees

1425. §2234 — Purchases for bureaus from appropriations for contingent expenses

1426. §2235 — Working capital fund established; use of central services by bureaus, etc., of the Department

1427. § 2235a. Deposit and retention of credit card refunds or rebates

1428. §2236 — Working capital fund for Agricultural Research Center; establishment

1429. §2237 — Use of field work funds for employment of men with equipment, etc.

1430. §2238 — Use of field work funds for purchase of arms and ammunition

1431. §2239 — Funds for printing, binding, and scientific and technical article reprint purchases

1432. §2240 — Reimbursement of appropriation for salaries and compensation of employees in mechanical shops

1433. §2241 — Sale or exchange of animals or animal products

1434. § 2241a. Exchange or sale authority

1435. § 2241b. Purchase of seeds and plants for distribution

1436. § 2242a. User fees for reports, publications, and software

1437. § 2242b. Translation of publications into foreign languages

1438. §2243 — Sale of photographic prints and maps

1439. §2245 — Sale of prints and lantern slides

1440. §2246 — Loan, rental, or sale of films

1441. §2247 — Sale of samples of pure sugars

1442. § 2247a. Farm or food products; sale of samples, practical forms, etc.

1443. §2248 — Statistics relating to turpentine and rosin

1444. §2249 — Amount and character of cooperation

1445. §2250 — Construction and repair of buildings and public improvements

1446. § 2250a. Erection of buildings and other structures on non-Federal lands; duration of use of such lands; removal of structures after termination of use; availability of funds for expenses of acquiring long-term leases or other agreements

1447. § 2250b. Nonrecurring expenses fund

1448. §2251 — Reimbursement of Production and Marketing Administration appropriations for expenses of maintaining registers of indebtedness and making set-offs

1449. §2252 — Reimbursement of Production and Marketing Administration appropriations for costs of procuring agricultural commodities for nongovernmental agencies or foreign governments

1450. §2253 — Adjustment by Secretary of titles to lands acquired by Government and subject to his control

1451. §2254 — Operation, maintenance and purchase of aircraft by Agricultural Research Service; construction and repair of buildings

1452. § 2254a. Availability of funds appropriated for Agricultural Research Service for research related to tobacco or tobacco products

1453. § 2254b. Availability of funds appropriated for Agricultural Research Service for research related to tobacco or tobacco products; exception

1454. § 2254c. Research

1455. §2255 — Membership in International Wheat Advisory Committee, International Sugar Council, etc.

1456. § 2255a. Financial assistance to national and international conferences

1457. § 2255b. Department of Agriculture conference transparency

1458. §2256 — Inspections, analyses, and tests for other Government departments and agencies; reimbursement

1459. §2257 — Interchangeability of funds for miscellaneous expenses and general expenses

1460. §2258 — Purchase of newspapers

1461. §2259 — Market-inspection certificates as prima facie evidence

1462. §2261 — Credit of donations and proceeds from exhibitions to appropriations concerned with foreign market development programs

1463. §2262 — Employee liability insurance on motor vehicles in foreign countries

1464. § 2262a. Overseas tort claims

1465. §2263 — Transfer of funds

1466. §2264 — National Agricultural Library; acceptance of gifts, bequests, or devises; conditional gifts

1467. §2265 — Deposit of money accepted for benefit of National Agricultural Library; disbursement

1468. §2266 — Congressional reaffirmation of policy to foster and encourage family farms

1469. § 2266a. Century Farms program

1470. § 2266b. Eligibility for operators on heirs property land to obtain a farm number

1471. §2268 — Public lands; relinquishment

1472. § 2268a. Acquisition of land; options

1473. §2269 — Gifts of property; acceptance and administration by Secretary of Agriculture; Federal tax law consideration; separate fund in Treasury; regulations

1474. §2270 — Authority of Office of Inspector General

1475. §2270 — Section 9 of the Inspector General Act of 1978, referred to in text, is section 9 of Pub. L. 95–452 , which was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and was repealed and restated as section 422 of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286 , §§ 3(b), 7, Dec. 27, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4252 , 4361.

1476. § 2270a. Office of Inspector General; transfer of forfeiture funds for law enforcement activities

1477. § 2270b. Department of Agriculture Inspector General investigation of Forest Service firefighter deaths

1478. § 2270c. Submission of results

1479. §2271 — Marketing education programs for small and medium size family farm operations

1480. § 2271a. Advanced marketing training for farmers and ranchers

1481. §2272 — Volunteers for Department of Agriculture programs

1482. § 2272a. Funds for incidental expenses and promotional items relating to volunteers

1483. §2273 — Local search and rescue operations

1484. §2274 — Firearm authority of employees engaged in animal quarantine enforcement

1485. § 2274a. Firearm authority of employees conducting field work in remote locations

1486. §2276 — Confidentiality of information

1487. §2276 — Section 10109 of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, referred to in subsec. (d)(13), is section 10109 of Pub. L. 115–334 , which relates to a multiple crop and pesticide use survey. Subsecs. (a) to (c) of section 10109 are not classified to the Code. Subsec. (d) of section 10109 amended this section.

1488. §2277 — Contracts by Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service for services to be performed abroad

1489. §2278 — Consistency with international obligations of United States

1490. §2279 — Farming opportunities training and outreach

1491. § 2279a. Fair and equitable treatment of socially disadvantaged producers

1492. § 2279b. Department of Agriculture educational, training, and professional development activities

1493. § 2279c. Student internship programs

1494. § 2279d. Compensatory damages in claims under Rehabilitation Act of 1973

1495. § 2279e. Civil penalty

1496. § 2279f. Subpoena authority

1497. § 2279g. Marketing services; cooperative agreements

1498. § 2279h. Cross-servicing activities of National Finance Center

1499. § 2279i. Cooperation with State and other agencies; expenditures

1500. § 2279j. Conversion authority

1501. § 2279k. Authorization of protection operations for the Secretary of Agriculture and others

1502. § 2279l. National Detector Dog Training Center

1503. §2281 — Congressional declaration of purpose

1504. §2282 — Definitions

1505. §2283 — Membership on advisory committees

1506. §2285 — Budget prohibitions

1507. §2286 — Termination of committees

1508. §2301 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

1509. §2302 — Definitions

1510. §2303 — Prohibited practices

1511. §2304 — Disclaimer of intention to prohibit normal dealing

1512. §2305 — Enforcement provisions

1513. §2306 — Separability

1514. §2321 — Establishment

1515. §2322 — Seal

1516. §2323 — Organization

1517. §2324 — Restrictions on employees as to interest in plant variety protection

1518. §2326 — Regulations

1519. §2327 — Plant Variety Protection Board

1520. §2328 — Library

1521. §2329 — Register of protected plant varieties

1522. §2330 — Publications

1523. §2331 — Copies for public libraries

1524. §2351 — Day for taking action falling on Saturday, Sunday, or holiday

1525. §2352 — Form of papers filed

1526. §2353 — Testimony in Plant Variety Protection Office cases

1527. §2354 — Subpoenas; witnesses

1528. §2355 — Effect of defective execution

1529. §2356 — Regulations for practice before the Office

1530. §2357 — Unauthorized practice

1531. §2371 — Plant variety protection fees

1532. §2372 — Payment of plant variety protection fees; return of excess amounts

1533. §2401 — Definitions and rules of construction

1534. §2402 — Right to plant variety protection; plant varieties protectable

1535. §2403 — Reciprocity limits

1536. §2404 — Public interest in wide usage

1537. §2421 — Application for recognition of plant variety rights

1538. §2422 — Content of application

1539. §2423 — Joint breeders

1540. §2424 — Death or incapacity of breeder

1541. §2425 — Benefit of earlier filing date

1542. §2426 — Confidential status of application

1543. §2427 — Publication

1544. §2441 — Examination of application

1545. §2442 — Notice of refusal; reconsideration

1546. §2443 — Initial appeal

1547. §2461 — Appeals

1548. §2462 — Civil action against Secretary

1549. §2481 — Plant variety protection

1550. §2481 — Section 2422(3) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 2422(4) of this title by Pub. L. 103–349, § 4 , Oct. 6, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3139 .

1551. §2482 — How issued

1552. §2483 — Contents and term of plant variety protection

1553. §2484 — Correction of Plant Variety Protection Office mistake

1554. §2485 — Correction of applicant’s mistake

1555. §2486 — Correction of named breeder

1556. §2501 — Reexamination after issue

1557. §2504 — Interfering plant variety protection

1558. §2531 — Ownership and assignment

1559. §2532 — Ownership during testing

1560. §2541 — Infringement of plant variety protection

1561. §2542 — Grandfather clause

1562. §2543 — Right to save seed; crop exemption

1563. §2544 — Research exemption

1564. §2545 — Intermediary exemption

1565. §2561 — Remedy for infringement of plant variety protection

1566. §2562 — Presumption of validity; defenses

1567. §2563 — Injunction

1568. §2564 — Damages

1569. §2565 — Attorney fees

1570. §2566 — Time limitation on damages

1571. §2567 — Limitation of damages; marking and notice

1572. §2568 — False marking; cease and desist orders

1573. §2569 — Nonresident proprietors; service and notice

1574. §2570 — Liability of States, instrumentalities of States, and State officials for infringement of plant variety protection

1575. §2581 — Intent

1576. §2582 — Severability

1577. §2611 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

1578. §2612 — Definitions

1579. §2613 — Authority for issuance and amendment of plan

1580. §2614 — Notice and hearings

1581. §2615 — Finding and issuance of plan

1582. §2616 — Regulations

1583. §2617 — Required terms and conditions of plans

1584. §2618 — Permissive terms and conditions of plans

1585. §2619 — Assessments

1586. §2620 — Procedural rights of persons subject to plan

1587. §2621 — Enforcement

1588. §2622 — Investigations

1589. §2623 — Referendum

1590. §2624 — Suspension or termination of plans

1591. §2625 — Amendment procedure

1592. §2626 — Separability

1593. §2627 — Authorization

1594. §2655 — Rural firefighters and emergency medical service assistance program

1595. §2661 — Statement of purposes and goals

1596. §2662 — Programs authorized

1597. §2663 — Funding

1598. §2664 — Cooperating colleges and universities

1599. §2665 — Withholding funds

1600. §2666 — Definitions

1601. §2667 — Regulations

1602. §2669 — Pilot projects for production and marketing of industrial hydrocarbons and alcohols from agricultural commodities and forest products

1603. §2671 — Establishment of technical assistance program

1604. §2671 — Section 6921 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original “section 309 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994”, and was translated as meaning section 309 of Pub. L. 103–354 , the Federal Crop Insurance Reform and Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. The Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 is title II of Pub. L. 103–354 , Oct. 13, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3209 .

1605. §2701 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

1606. §2702 — Definitions

1607. §2703 — Orders of Secretary to egg producers, etc.

1608. §2704 — Notice and hearing upon proposed orders

1609. §2705 — Findings and issuance of orders

1610. §2706 — Permissive terms and conditions in orders

1611. §2707 — Required terms and conditions in orders

1612. §2708 — Referendum among egg producers

1613. §2709 — Termination or suspension of orders

1614. §2710 — Applicability of provisions to amendments to orders

1615. §2711 — Exempted egg producers and breeding hen flocks; conditions and procedures

1616. §2712 — Refund of assessment from Egg Board

1617. §2713 — Administrative review of orders; petition; hearing; judicial review

1618. §2714 — Civil enforcement proceedings

1619. §2715 — Certification of organizations; required contents of report as criteria

1620. §2716 — Regulations

1621. §2717 — Investigations by Secretary; oaths and affirmations; subpenas; judicial enforcement; contempt proceedings; service of process

1622. §2718 — Authorization of appropriations

1623. §2814 — Management of undesirable plants on Federal lands

1624. §2901 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

1625. §2902 — Definitions

1626. §2903 — Issuance of orders

1627. §2904 — Required terms in orders

1628. §2905 — Certification of organizations to nominate

1629. §2906 — Requirement of referendum

1630. §2907 — Refunds

1631. §2907 — Section 2906(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(1), was in the original a reference to section 10(a) of Pub. L. 94–294 , section 2909(a) of this title , and was translated as section 2906(a) of this title as the probable intent of Congress, in view of section 2909 of this title not containing a subsec. (a) and the subject matter of section 2906(a) which relates to a referendum.

1632. §2908 — Enforcement

1633. §2909 — Investigations by Secretary; oaths and affirmations; subpenas; judicial enforcement; contempt proceedings; service of process

1634. §2910 — Preemption of other Federal and State programs; applicability of provisions to amendments to orders

1635. §2911 — Authorization of appropriations

1636. §3001 — Congressional statement of purpose

1637. §3002 — Definitions

1638. §3003 — Survey

1639. §3004 — Direct marketing assistance within the States

1640. §3007 — Section 1693 o –2 of title 15 shall not apply to electronic benefit transfer systems established under this section.

1641. §3007 — Seniors farmers’ market nutrition program

1642. §3101 — Purposes of agricultural research, extension, and education

1643. §3102 — Additional purposes of agricultural research and extension

1644. §3103 — Definitions

1645. §3104 — Agriculture research; declaration of policy; duties of Secretary of Agriculture; use of existing facilities

1646. §3105 — Agricultural research; authorization of additional appropriations; administrative expenses; availability of special research fund

1647. §3105 — Section 427b of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by act Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 790, § 2 , 69 Stat. 674 .

1648. §3105 — Section 427c of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by act Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 790, § 2 , 69 Stat. 674 .

1649. §3105 — Section 5 of the Act of June 20, 1874 , as amended ( 31 U.S.C. 713 ), referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by act July 6, 1949, ch. 299, § 3 , 63 Stat. 407 .

1650. §3121 — Responsibilities of Secretary and Department of Agriculture

1651. §3121 — Section 1. Purpose . Recent advances in biotechnology have the potential to revolutionize agriculture and thereby enhance rural prosperity and improve the quality of American lives. Biotechnology can help the Nation meet its food production needs, raise the productivity of the American farmer, improve crop and animal characteristics, increase the nutritional value of crop and animal products, and enhance food safety. In order to realize these potential benefits, however, the United States must employ a science-based regulatory system that evaluates products based on human health and safety and potential benefits and risks to the environment. Such a system must both foster public confidence in biotechnology and avoid undue regulatory burdens.

1652. §3123 — National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board

1653. § 3123a. Specialty crop committee

1654. §3124 — Existing research programs

1655. § 3124a. Federal-State partnership and coordination

1656. Title XVIII of this Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), is title XVIII of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977, Pub. L. 95–113 , Sept. 29, 1977 , 91 Stat. 1041 , which is classified generally to chapter 55A (§ 2281 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1977 Amendment note set out under section 1281 of this title and Tables.

1657. §3125 — Annual report of Secretary of Agriculture to President and Congress

1658. § 3125a. National Agricultural Library

1659. § 3125b. National Rural Information Center Clearinghouse

1660. §3126 — Libraries and information network

1661. §3127 — Support for Advisory Board

1662. §3128 — General provisions

1663. §3129 — Accountability

1664. Chapter 10 of title 5 and title XVIII of this Act [ 7 U.S.C. 2281 et seq.] shall not apply to any committee, board, commission, panel, or task force, or similar entity, created solely for the purpose of reviewing applications or proposals requesting funding under any competitive research, extension, or education program carried out by the Secretary.

1665. § 3129a. Exemption from chapter 10 of title 5 for competitive research, extension, and education programs

1666. Title XVIII of this Act, referred to in text, is title XVIII of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977, Pub. L. 95–113 , Sept. 29, 1977 , 91 Stat. 1041 , which is classified generally to chapter 55A (§ 2281 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1977 Amendment note set out under section 1281 of this title and Tables.

1667. §3151 — Grants to enhance research capacity in schools of veterinary medicine

1668. § 3151a. Veterinary medicine loan repayment

1669. § 3151b. Veterinary services grant program

1670. §3152 — Chapter 10 of title 5 and title XVIII of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 ( 7 U.S.C. 2281 et seq.) shall not apply to a panel or board created for the purpose of reviewing applications and proposals for grants or nominations for awards submitted under this section.

1671. §3152 — Grants and fellowships for food and agricultural sciences education

1672. §3153 — National Agricultural Science Award

1673. §3155 — Agricultural and food policy research centers

1674. §3156 — Education grants to Alaska Native serving institutions and Native Hawaiian serving institutions

1675. §3157 — Chapter 10 of title 5 and title XVIII of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 ( 7 U.S.C. 2281 et seq.) shall not apply to a panel or board created for the purpose of reviewing applications or proposals submitted under this section.

1676. §3157 — Competitive, special, and facilities research grants

1677. §3157 — Section 3 of the Specialty Crops Competitiveness Act of 2004, referred to in subsec. (e)(1)(A), is section 3 of Pub. L. 108–465 , which is set out as a note under section 1621 of this title .

1678. §3158 — Next generation agriculture technology challenge

1679. §3159 — Land-grant designation

1680. §3171 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

1681. §3172 — Duties of Secretary of Agriculture

1682. §3173 — Research by Department of Agriculture

1683. §3175 — Nutrition education program

1684. § 3175a. Nutrition and consumer education; Congressional findings

1685. § 3175b. Expansion of effective food, nutrition, and consumer education services

1686. § 3175c. Program of food, nutrition, and consumer education by State cooperative extension services

1687. § 3175d. Administration of program of food, nutrition, and consumer education by State cooperative extension services

1688. § 3175e. Authorization of appropriations

1689. §3178 — Nutritional status monitoring

1690. §3178 — Section 330 of the Public Health Service Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is section 330 of act July 1, 1944 , which was classified to section 254c of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, and was omitted in the general amendment of subpart I (§ 254b et seq.) of part D of subchapter II of chapter 6A of Title 42 by Pub. L. 104–299, § 2 , Oct. 11, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3626 . Sections 2 and 3(a) of Pub. L. 104–299 enacted new sections 330 and 330A of act July 1, 1944 , which are classified, respectively, to sections 254b and 254c of Title 42.

1691. § 3178a. Nutrition monitoring

1692. §3179 — Research on strategies to promote the selection and consumption of healthy foods

1693. §3191 — Purposes and findings relating to animal health and disease research

1694. §3192 — Definitions

1695. §3193 — Authorization to Secretary of Agriculture

1696. §3195 — Continuing animal health and disease, food security, and stewardship research, education, and extension programs

1697. §3196 — Chapter 10 of title 5 and title XVIII of this Act [ 7 U.S.C. 2281 et seq.] shall not apply to a panel or board created solely for the purpose of reviewing applications or proposals submitted under this subchapter.

1698. §3196 — Research on national and regional animal health or disease problems

1699. §3196 — Title XVIII of this Act, referred to in subsec. (f), is title XVIII of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977, Pub. L. 95–113 , Sept. 29, 1977 , 91 Stat. 1041 , which is classified generally to chapter 55A (§ 2281 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1977 Amendment note set out under section 1281 of this title and Tables.

1700. §3197 — Availability of appropriated funds

1701. §3198 — Withholding of appropriated funds

1702. §3199 — Requirements for use of funds

1703. §3200 — Matching funds

1704. §3201 — Funds appropriated or otherwise made available pursuant to other provisions of law

1705. §3202 — Research and education grants for the study of antibiotic-resistant bacteria

1706. §3221 — Extension at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University

1707. §3222 — Agricultural research at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University

1708. § 3222a. Scholarships for students at 1890 Institutions

1709. § 3222b. Grants to upgrade agricultural and food sciences facilities at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University

1710. § 3222d. Matching funds requirement for research and extension activities at eligible institutions

1711. § 3222e. New beginning for tribal students

1712. §3223 — Grants for acquisition and improvement of research facilities and equipment

1713. §3241 — Education grants programs for Hispanic-serving institutions

1714. §3242 — Transferred

1715. §3243 — Hispanic-serving agricultural colleges and universities

1716. §3291 — International agricultural research, extension, and teaching

1717. §3292 — Partnerships to build capacity in international agricultural research, extension, and teaching

1718. § 3292a. United States-Mexico joint agricultural research

1719. § 3292b. Competitive grants for international agricultural science and education programs

1720. §3293 — Agricultural fellowship program for middle income countries, emerging democracies, and emerging markets

1721. §3293 — Section 1542(e), referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is section 1542(e) of Pub. L. 101–624 , which is set out as a note under section 5622 of this title .

1722. §3294 — Center For North American Studies

1723. §3295 — International Agricultural Education Fellowship Program

1724. §3310 — Limitation on indirect costs for agricultural research, education, and extension programs

1725. § 3310a. Research equipment grants

1726. §3311 — Authorization of appropriations

1727. §3311 — Section 1414, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 1414 of Pub. L. 95–113 , which generally amended section 2 of Pub. L. 89–106 , Aug. 4, 1965 , 79 Stat. 431 . Section 2 of Pub. L. 89–106 was classified to section 450i of this title , prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as section 3157 of this title .

1728. §3312 — Authorization of appropriations for extension education

1729. §3313 — Payment of funds

1730. §3315 — Auditing, reporting, bookkeeping, and administrative requirements

1731. § 3315a. Availability of competitive grant funds

1732. §3316 — Rules and regulations

1733. §3317 — Program evaluation studies

1734. §3318 — Contract, grant, and cooperative agreement authorities

1735. § 3318a. Cooperative research projects; agreements with and receipt of funds from State and other agencies

1736. §3319 — Restriction on treatment of indirect costs and tuition remission

1737. § 3319a. Cost-reimbursable agreements

1738. § 3319b. Joint requests for proposals

1739. § 3319d. Supplemental and alternative crops

1740. § 3319e. New Era Rural Technology Program

1741. § 3319g. Fees

1742. § 3319h. Funds for research facilities

1743. § 3319i. Capacity building grants for NLGCA Institutions

1744. § 3319j. Borlaug International Agricultural Science and Technology Fellowship Program

1745. § 3319k. Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Authority pilot

1746. §3321 — Statement of purpose

1747. §3322 — Assistance programs

1748. §3324 — Authorization of appropriations

1749. §3331 — Congressional statement of purpose

1750. §3332 — Program; development, purposes, scope, etc.

1751. §3333 — Rangeland research grants

1752. §3336 — Authorization of appropriations; allocation of funds

1753. §3351 — Special authorization for biosecurity planning and response

1754. §3352 — Agriculture research facility expansion and security upgrades

1755. §3353 — Agricultural biosecurity

1756. §3354 — Agricultural bioterrorism research and development

1757. §3361 — Definition

1758. §3362 — Distance education grants for insular areas

1759. §3363 — Resident instruction grants for insular areas

1760. §3401 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

1761. §3402 — Definitions

1762. §3403 — Issuance of orders

1763. §3404 — Permissive terms and conditions of orders

1764. §3405 — Wheat Industry Council

1765. §3406 — Exemption for retail bakers

1766. §3407 — Referendum

1767. §3408 — Refund of processed wheat assessment

1768. §3409 — Petition and review

1769. §3410 — Enforcement of orders and regulations

1770. §3411 — Suspension and termination of orders

1771. §3412 — Investigations; power to subpena and take oaths and affirmations; aid of courts

1772. §3413 — Certification of organizations

1773. §3414 — Other programs relating to wheat or wheat food research or nutrition education

1774. §3415 — Regulations

1775. §3416 — Amendments to orders

1776. §3417 — Authorization of appropriations

1777. §3501 — Reporting requirements

1778. §3502 — Civil penalty

1779. §3503 — Investigative actions

1780. §3505 — Reports to the States

1781. §3506 — Public inspection

1782. §3507 — Regulations

1783. §3508 — Definitions

1784. §3601 — Definitions

1785. §3602 — Implementation of Agreement

1786. §3603 — Delegation of powers and duties

1787. §3604 — Criminal offenses

1788. §3701 — Congressional findings and declarations

1789. §3702 — Definitions

1790. §3703 — State and regional plans

1791. §3801 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1792. §3802 — Definitions

1793. §3803 — Prohibition of certain garbage feeding; exemption

1794. §3804 — Permits to operate garbage treatment facility

1795. §3805 — Civil penalties

1796. §3806 — Criminal penalties

1797. §3807 — General enforcement provisions

1798. §3808 — Cooperation with States

1799. §3809 — Primary enforcement responsibility

1800. §3811 — Issuance of regulations; maintenance of rec­ords

1801. §3812 — Authority in addition to other laws; effect on State laws

1802. §3813 — Authorization of appropriations

1803. §3901 — Congressional findings

1804. §3902 — Research program on cancer in animals and birds

1805. §3903 — Annual program review to achieve coordination with National Cancer Institute program

1806. §3904 — Authorization of appropriations; restriction

1807. §4001 — Section 1445e of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–624, title XI, § 1123 , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3503 , and, as so amended, subsec. (b) of section 1445e does not contain a clause (5).

1808. §4001 — Trade suspension reserves

1809. §4002 — Alcohol processor grain reserve program

1810. §4003 — Study of potential for expansion of United States agricultural export markets; report to President and Congress

1811. §4004 — Food bank special nutrition projects

1812. § 4004a. Applicability of supplemental nutrition assistance requirements

1813. Section 2013(b) of this title shall not apply with respect to distribution of surplus commodities under section 4004 of this title .

1814. §4005 — “Fuel conversion price” defined

1815. §4201 — General provisions

1816. §4202 — Identifying effects of Federal programs on conversion of farmland to nonagricultural uses

1817. §4203 — Existing policies and procedures; review, etc.

1818. §4204 — Technical assistance

1819. §4205 — Farmland resource information

1820. §4206 — Grants, contracts, etc., authority

1821. §4207 — Reporting requirement

1822. §4208 — Limitations

1823. §4209 — Prohibition on maintenance of actions

1824. §4301 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

1825. §4302 — Definitions

1826. §4303 — Floral research and promotion orders

1827. §4304 — Notice and hearing

1828. §4305 — Finding and issuance of orders

1829. §4306 — Required terms in orders

1830. §4307 — Permissive terms in orders

1831. §4308 — Referendum; necessity, etc.

1832. §4309 — Suspension and termination of orders

1833. §4310 — Amendments to orders

1834. §4311 — Exemption from assessments

1835. §4312 — Refund of assessments

1836. §4313 — Administrative and judicial review; procedures applicable

1837. §4314 — Enforcement of provisions

1838. §4315 — Certification of organizations; applicable criteria and considerations

1839. §4316 — Regulations

1840. §4317 — Investigations; subpena powers, etc.; enforcement

1841. §4318 — Separability

1842. §4319 — Authorization of appropriations

1843. §4401 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1844. §4402 — Definitions

1845. §4403 — Duties of Secretary of Agriculture

1846. §4404 — Duties of Secretary of State

1847. §4405 — Fees and charges

1848. §4406 — Authorization of appropriations

1849. §4501 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

1850. §4502 — Definitions

1851. §4503 — Issuance of orders

1852. §4504 — Required terms in orders

1853. §4505 — Certification of organizations

1854. §4506 — Requirement of referendum

1855. §4507 — Suspension and termination of orders

1856. §4508 — Cooperative association representation

1857. §4509 — Petition and review

1858. §4510 — Enforcement

1859. §4511 — Investigations; power to subpena and take oaths and affirmations; aid of courts

1860. §4512 — Administrative provisions

1861. §4513 — Authorization of appropriations

1862. §4514 — Dairy reports

1863. §4531 — Definitions

1864. §4532 — Establishment of National Dairy Research Endowment Institute

1865. §4533 — Issuance of order

1866. §4534 — Required terms of order; agreements under order; records

1867. §4535 — Petition and review; enforcement; investigations

1868. §4536 — Dairy Research Trust Fund

1869. §4537 — Termination of order, Institute, and Fund

1870. §4538 — Additional authority

1871. §4551 — Indemnity payments to dairy farmers and manufacturers of dairy products; milk removed for its residue of chemical or toxic substances; nuclear radiation or fallout contaminants; other legal recourse

1872. §4552 — Authorization of appropriations for dairy farmer indemnities

1873. §4553 — Expiration of dairy farmer indemnity program

1874. §4601 — Findings and purposes

1875. §4602 — Definitions

1876. §4603 — Honey research, promotion, and consumer information order

1877. §4604 — Notice and hearing

1878. §4605 — Findings and issuance of order

1879. §4606 — Required terms of order

1880. §4607 — Permissive terms and provisions

1881. §4608 — Collection of assessments; refunds

1882. §4609 — Petition and review

1883. §4610 — Enforcement

1884. § 4610a. Investigations and power to subpoena

1885. §4611 — Requirements of referendum

1886. §4612 — Termination or suspension

1887. §4613 — Implementation of amendments made by Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998

1888. §4613 — Section 605 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998, referred to in subsecs. (a) to (d)(1)(A) and (f)(1), is section 605 of Pub. L. 105–185 , June 23, 1998 , 112 Stat. 523 , which enacted this section and amended sections 4601 to 4612 of this title. Subsec. (m) of section 605 enacted this section.

1889. §4801 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1890. §4802 — Definitions

1891. §4803 — Pork and pork product orders

1892. §4804 — Notice and hearing

1893. §4805 — Findings and issuance of orders

1894. §4806 — National Pork Producers Delegate Body

1895. §4807 — Selection of Delegate Body

1896. §4808 — National Pork Board

1897. §4809 — Assessments

1898. §4810 — Permissive provisions

1899. §4811 — Referendum

1900. §4812 — Suspension and termination of orders

1901. §4813 — Refunds

1902. §4814 — Petition and review

1903. §4815 — Enforcement

1904. §4816 — Investigations

1905. §4817 — Preemption

1906. §4818 — Administrative provision

1907. §4819 — Authorization of appropriations

1908. §4901 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

1909. §4902 — Definitions

1910. §4903 — Issuance of plans

1911. §4904 — Notice and hearings

1912. §4905 — Regulations

1913. §4906 — Required terms in plans

1914. §4907 — Permissive terms in plans

1915. §4908 — Assessment procedures

1916. §4909 — Petition and review

1917. §4909 — Section 4910(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original “section 1851(a)”, a nonexistent section in Pub. L. 99–198 , and has been translated as if the reference had been to “section 1651(a)” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1918. §4910 — Enforcement

1919. §4911 — Investigation and power to subpoena

1920. §4912 — Requirement of referendum

1921. §4913 — Suspension or termination of plans

1922. §4914 — Amendment procedure

1923. §4915 — Separability

1924. §4916 — Authorization of appropriations

1925. §5101 — Qualifying States

1926. §5102 — Matching grants to States

1927. §5103 — Participation of Federal agencies

1928. §5104 — Regulations

1929. §5105 — Report

1930. §5106 — Authorization of appropriations

1931. §5201 — Findings

1932. §5201 — Section 4 of the Food for Peace Act of 1966 ( 7 U.S.C. 1707a ), referred to in par. (9), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, § 1574 , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3702 . See subchapter II (§ 5621 et seq.) of chapter 87 of this title.

1933. §5202 — Policy

1934. §5203 — Purpose

1935. §5213 — Joint development assistance agreements with certain trading partners

1936. §5214 — Reorganization evaluation

1937. §5234 — Cooperator organizations

1938. §5235 — Authorization of additional appropriations

1939. §5301 — Congressional statement of purposes

1940. §5302 — Definitions

1941. §5311 — Establishment of coordinated program

1942. § 5311a. Joint nutrition monitoring and related research activities

1943. §5312 — Functions of Secretaries

1944. §5313 — Development of comprehensive plan for National Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research Program

1945. §5314 — Implementation of comprehensive plan

1946. §5315 — Scientific research and development in support of coordinated program and comprehensive plan

1947. §5316 — Annual budget submission

1948. §5331 — Section 1. Establishment . There is established the National Nutrition Monitoring Advisory Council (“Council”). The Council shall assist in carrying out the purposes of the Act, provide scientific and technical advice on the development and implementation of the coordinated program and comprehensive plan required by section 103 of the Act [ 7 U.S.C. 5313 ], and serve in an advisory capacity to the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of Health and Human Services (“Secretaries”) with respect to their responsibilities and functions under the Act.

1949. §5331 — Structure of Council

1950. §5332 — Functions of Council

1951. §5341 — Establishment of dietary guidelines

1952. §5342 — Nutrition training report

1953. §5401 — Establishment of Agricultural Council on Environmental Quality

1954. §5402 — Office of Agricultural Environmental Quality

1955. §5403 — Environmental Quality Policy Statement

1956. §5404 — Good Neighbor Environmental Board

1957. §5405 — Agricultural air quality research oversight

1958. §5506 — Water policy with respect to agrichemicals

1959. §5601 — Purpose

1960. §5602 — Definitions

1961. §5603 — Agricultural export promotion strategy

1962. § 5603a. Global market strategy

1963. §5604 — Preservation of traditional markets

1964. §5605 — Independence of authorities

1965. §5606 — Implementation of commitments under Uruguay Round Agreements

1966. §5607 — Exporter assistance initiative

1967. §5608 — Foreign trade missions

1968. §5621 — Direct credit sales program

1969. §5622 — Export credit guarantee program

1970. §5623 — Agricultural trade promotion and facilitation

1971. §5624 — Barter of agricultural commodities

1972. §5625 — Combination of programs

1973. §5641 — Funding levels

1974. §5652 — Relief from unfair trade practices

1975. §5653 — Equitable treatment of high-value and value-added United States agricultural commodities

1976. §5661 — Program controls for export programs

1977. §5662 — Compliance provisions

1978. §5663 — Departmental administration system

1979. §5671 — Agricultural embargo protection

1980. §5672 — Development of plans to alleviate adverse impact of embargoes

1981. §5673 — Contracting authority to expand agricultural export markets

1982. §5674 — Trade consultations concerning imports

1983. §5675 — Technical assistance in trade negotiations

1984. §5676 — Limitation on use of certain export promotion programs

1985. §5677 — Trade compensation and assistance programs

1986. §5678 — Edward R. Madigan United States Agricultural Export Excellence Award

1987. §5679 — Biotechnology and agricultural trade program

1988. §5679 — Section 1542, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 1542 of title XV of Pub. L. 101–624 , which is set out as a note under section 5622 of this title .

1989. §5692 — Administrator of Foreign Agricultural Service

1990. §5693 — Duties of Foreign Agricultural Service

1991. §5694 — Staff of Foreign Agricultural Service

1992. §5695 — Authorization of appropriations

1993. §5712 — Export reporting and contract sanctity

1994. §5801 — Purpose and definitions

1995. §5811 — Research and extension projects

1996. §5812 — Program administration

1997. §5813 — Federal-State matching grant program

1998. §5814 — Authorization of appropriations

1999. §5821 — Chapter 86 of this title, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), was in the original “subtitle G of title XIV”, meaning subtitle G (§§ 1481–1485) of title XIV of Pub. L. 101–624 , which was repealed by Pub. L. 105–185, title III, § 302(c) , June 23, 1998 , 112 Stat. 563 .

2000. §5821 — Integrated management systems

2001. §5831 — Chapter 86 of this title, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (d), was in the original “subtitle G of title XIV”, meaning subtitle G (§§ 1481–1485) of title XIV of Pub. L. 101–624 , which was repealed by Pub. L. 105–185, title III, § 302(c) , June 23, 1998 , 112 Stat. 563 .

2002. §5831 — Technical guides and handbooks

2003. §5832 — Chapter 86 of this title, referred to in subsecs. (f) and (g), was in the original “subtitle G of title XIV”, meaning subtitle G (§§ 1481–1485) of title XIV of Pub. L. 101–624 , which was repealed by Pub. L. 105–185, title III, § 302(c) , June 23, 1998 , 112 Stat. 563 .

2004. §5832 — National Training Program

2005. §5841 — Establishment, purpose, and functions of National Genetic Resources Program

2006. §5842 — Appointment and authority of Director

2007. §5843 — Advisory council

2008. §5843 — Section 1013(a) of title 5 relating to the termination of an advisory committee shall not apply to the advisory council established under this section.

2009. §5844 — Definitions and authorization of appropriations

2010. §5851 — Short title and purposes

2011. §5852 — Agricultural Weather Office

2012. §5854 — State agricultural weather information systems

2013. §5855 — Funding

2014. §5856 — Improvements to United States Drought Monitor

2015. §5921 — Biotechnology risk assessment research

2016. §5924 — Agricultural Genome to Phenome Initiative

2017. §5925 — High-priority research and extension initiatives

2018. §5925 — Section 1. Establishing the Pollinator Health Task Force . There is hereby established the Pollinator Health Task Force (Task Force), to be co-chaired by the Secretary of Agriculture and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. In addition to the Co-Chairs, the Task Force shall also include the heads, or their designated representatives, from:

2019. § 5925b. Organic agriculture research and extension initiative

2020. § 5925c. Organic production and market data initiatives

2021. § 5925d. International organic research collaboration

2022. § 5925f. Farm business management

2023. § 5925g. Urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural production research, education, and extension initiative

2024. §5926 — Centers of excellence

2025. §5930 — Reservation extension agents

2026. §5933 — Assistive technology program for farmers with disabilities

2027. §5936 — Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Network

2028. § 5936a. Support for farm stress programs

2029. §5937 — Natural products research program

2030. §5939 — Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research

2031. §5941 — Purchase of cultures for soil and fertilizer investigations

2032. §5942 — Wheat and feed grains research; regional and national research programs; utilization of services of Federal, State and private agencies; authorization of appropriations

2033. §5943 — Rice research

2034. §6001 — Findings and declaration of policy

2035. §6002 — Definitions

2036. §6003 — Issuance of plans

2037. §6004 — Regulations

2038. §6005 — Required terms in plans

2039. §6006 — Permissive terms in plans

2040. §6007 — Assessments

2041. §6008 — Petition and review

2042. §6009 — Enforcement

2043. §6010 — Investigations and power to subpoena

2044. §6011 — Requirement of referendum

2045. §6012 — Suspension or termination of plan

2046. §6013 — Authorization of appropriations

2047. §6101 — Findings and declaration of policy

2048. §6102 — Definitions

2049. §6103 — Issuance of orders

2050. §6104 — Required terms in orders

2051. §6105 — Referenda

2052. §6106 — Petition and review

2053. §6107 — Enforcement

2054. §6108 — Investigations and power to subpoena

2055. §6109 — Savings provision

2056. §6110 — Suspension or termination of orders

2057. §6111 — Authorization of appropriations

2058. §6112 — Regulations

2059. §6201 — Findings, purposes, and limitations

2060. §6202 — Definitions

2061. §6203 — Issuance of orders

2062. §6204 — Required terms in orders

2063. §6205 — Permissive terms in orders

2064. §6206 — Petition and review

2065. §6207 — Enforcement

2066. §6208 — Investigations and power to subpoena

2067. §6209 — Initial referendum

2068. §6210 — Suspension and termination

2069. §6211 — Authorization of appropriations

2070. §6212 — Regulations

2071. §6301 — Findings and declaration of policy

2072. §6302 — Definitions

2073. §6303 — Issuance and amendment of orders

2074. §6304 — Required terms in orders

2075. §6305 — Referenda

2076. §6306 — Petition and review

2077. §6307 — Enforcement

2078. §6308 — Investigations and power to subpoena

2079. §6309 — Administrative provisions

2080. §6310 — Suspension or termination of orders

2081. §6311 — Authorization of appropriations; regulations

2082. §6401 — Findings and declaration of policy

2083. §6402 — Definitions

2084. §6403 — Authority to issue orders

2085. §6404 — Notice and comment

2086. §6405 — Findings and issuance of orders

2087. §6406 — Regulations

2088. §6407 — Required terms in orders

2089. §6408 — Permissive terms

2090. §6409 — Assessments

2091. §6410 — Petition and review

2092. §6411 — Enforcement

2093. §6412 — Investigations and power to subpoena

2094. §6413 — Requirement of initial referendum

2095. §6414 — Suspension or termination of orders

2096. §6415 — Amendments

2097. §6416 — Independent evaluation of programs

2098. §6417 — Authorization of appropriations

2099. §6501 — Purposes

2100. §6502 — Definitions

2101. §6503 — National organic production program

2102. §6504 — National standards for organic production

2103. §6505 — Compliance requirements

2104. §6506 — General requirements

2105. §6507 — State organic certification program

2106. §6508 — Prohibited crop production practices and materials

2107. §6509 — Animal production practices and materials

2108. §6510 — Handling

2109. §6511 — Additional guidelines

2110. §6512 — Other production and handling practices

2111. §6513 — Organic plan

2112. §6514 — Accreditation program

2113. §6515 — Requirements of certifying agents

2114. §6516 — Peer review of certifying agents

2115. §6517 — National List

2116. §6518 — National Organic Standards Board

2117. §6519 — Recordkeeping, investigations, and enforcement

2118. §6520 — Administrative appeal

2119. §6521 — Administration

2120. § 6521a. Organic agricultural product imports interagency working group

2121. §6522 — Funding

2122. §6523 — National organic certification cost-share program

2123. §6524 — Organically produced food

2124. §6601 — Forestry rural revitalization

2125. §6611 — Findings and purposes

2126. §6612 — Definitions

2127. §6613 — Rural natural resources and economic diversification action teams

2128. §6614 — Action plan implementation

2129. §6615 — Training and education

2130. §6616 — Loans to economically disadvantaged rural communities

2131. §6617 — Authorization of appropriations and spending authority

2132. §6701 — Global Climate Change Program

2133. §6702 — Study of global climate change, agriculture, and forestry

2134. §6704 — Office of International Forestry

2135. §6705 — Line item

2136. §6706 — Institutes of Tropical Forestry

2137. §6707 — Urban forestry demonstration projects

2138. §6709 — Interagency cooperation to maximize biomass growth

2139. §6710 — Authorization of appropriations

2140. §6711 — Carbon cycle research

2141. §6712 — Greenhouse Gas Technical Assistance Provider and Third-Party Verifier Program

2142. §6712 — Section 1003 of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, referred to in subsec. (i)(2)(A), is section 1003 of Pub. L. 117–2 , title I, Mar. 11, 2021 , 135 Stat. 12 , which is not classified to the Code.

2143. §6801 — Findings and declaration of policy

2144. §6802 — Definitions

2145. §6803 — Issuance of orders

2146. §6804 — Required terms in orders

2147. §6805 — Exclusion; determinations

2148. §6806 — Referenda

2149. §6807 — Petition and review

2150. §6808 — Enforcement

2151. §6809 — Investigations and power to subpoena

2152. §6810 — Confidentiality

2153. §6811 — Authority for Secretary to suspend or terminate order

2154. §6812 — Construction

2155. §6813 — Regulations

2156. §6814 — Authorization of appropriations

2157. §6901 — Purpose

2158. §6902 — Definitions

2159. §6912 — Authority of Secretary to delegate transferred functions

2160. §6912 — Section 6911 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, § 12414(a)(1) , Dec. 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4981 .

2161. §6915 — Combination of field offices

2162. §6916 — Improvement of information sharing

2163. §6918 — Assistant Secretaries of Agriculture

2164. §6919 — Military Veterans Agricultural Liaison

2165. §6920 — Office of Energy Policy and New Uses

2166. §6921 — Office of Tribal Relations

2167. §6921 — Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(7), is section 14 of Pub. L. 92–463 , which was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and was repealed and restated as section 1013 of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286 , §§ 3(a), 7, Dec. 27, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4204 , 4361.

2168. §6922 — Office of Homeland Security

2169. §6923 — Office of Urban Agriculture and Innovative Production

2170. §6924 — Food Loss and Waste Reduction Liaison

2171. §6925 — Food Access Liaison

2172. §6931 — Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and Conservation

2173. §6932 — Farm Service Agency

2174. § 6932a. Prohibition on closure or relocation of county offices for the Farm Service Agency

2175. §6933 — Office of Risk Management

2176. §6934 — Office of Partnerships and Public Engagement

2177. §6934 — Section 14009 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(A), probably means section 14008 of Pub. L. 110–246 , which is set out as a note under section 2279 of this title , because section 14008 of the Act established the Advisory Committee on Minority Farmers and section 14009 of the Act amended section 7000 of this title .

2178. §6934 — Section 5(b) of the Agricultural Credit Improvement Act of 1992, referred to in subsec. (e)(2)(C), is section 5(b) of Pub. L. 102–554 , which is set out as a note under section 1929 of this title .

2179. § 6934a. Beginning farmer and rancher coordination

2180. § 6934b. Agricultural Youth Organization Coordinator

2181. §6936 — Natural Resources Conservation Service

2182. §6941 — Under Secretary of Agriculture for Rural Development

2183. § 6941a. Coordinator for Chronically Underserved Rural Areas

2184. §6942 — Rural Utilities Service

2185. §6942 — Section 1926b of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, § 743 , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1125 .

2186. §6942 — Section 1926–1 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, § 702 , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1108 .

2187. §6942 — Section 2324 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B), is section 2324 of Pub. L. 101–624 , which was set out as a note under section 1926 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–127, title VII, § 703 , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1108 .

2188. §6943 — Rural Housing and Community Development Service

2189. §6944 — Rural Business and Cooperative Development Service

2190. §6945 — Rural Development Disaster Assistance Fund

2191. §6946 — Rural Health Liaison

2192. §6951 — Under Secretary of Agriculture for Food, Nutrition, and Consumer Services

2193. §6952 — Multiagency task force

2194. §6953 — Healthy food financing initiative

2195. §6961 — Under Secretary of Agriculture for Natural Resources and Environment

2196. §6962 — Transferred

2197. § 6962a. Cooperative agreements

2198. §6971 — Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, and Economics

2199. §6981 — Under Secretary of Agriculture for Food Safety

2200. §6982 — Conditions for implementation of alterations in the level of additives allowed in animal diets

2201. §6991 — Definitions

2202. §6992 — National Appeals Division and Director

2203. §6993 — Section 1433e of this title , referred to in par. (1), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–354, title II, § 281(b) , Oct. 13, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3233 .

2204. §6993 — Section 1983b of this title , referred to in par. (2), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–354, title II, § 281(c) , Oct. 13, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3233 .

2205. §6993 — Transfer of functions

2206. §6994 — Notice and opportunity for hearing

2207. §6995 — Informal hearings

2208. §6996 — Right of participants to Division hearing

2209. §6997 — Division hearings

2210. §6998 — Director review of determinations of hearing officers

2211. §6999 — Judicial review

2212. §7000 — Implementation of final determinations of Division

2213. §7001 — Conforming amendments relating to National Appeals Division

2214. §7002 — Authorization of appropriations

2215. §7005 — Under Secretary of Agriculture for Marketing and Regulatory Programs

2216. §7007 — Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs

2217. §7011 — Successorship provisions relating to bargaining units and exclusive representatives

2218. §7012 — Purchase of American-made equipment and products

2219. §7014 — Section 772 of the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2018, referred to in subsec. (b)(9), is section 772 of title VII of div. A of Pub. L. 115–141 , Mar. 23, 2018 , 132 Stat. 397 . Subsec. (a)(2) of section 772 of Pub. L. 115–141 is classified to section 6931 of this title . The remainder of section 772 of Pub. L. 115–141 is not classified to the Code.

2220. §7014 — Termination of authority

2221. §7031 — Electronic filing and retrieval

2222. §7032 — Accessing information and filing over the Internet

2223. §7033 — Availability of agency information technology funds

2224. §7034 — Federal Crop Insurance Corporation and Risk Management Agency

2225. §7035 — Confidentiality

2226. §7101 — Findings and declaration of policy

2227. §7102 — Definitions

2228. §7103 — Issuance and amendment of orders

2229. §7104 — Required terms in orders

2230. §7105 — Referenda

2231. §7106 — Petition and review

2232. §7107 — Enforcement

2233. §7108 — Investigations and power to subpoena

2234. §7109 — Administrative provisions

2235. §7110 — Regulations

2236. §7111 — Authorization of appropriations

2237. §7201 — Short title and purpose

2238. §7202 — Definitions

2239. §7202 — Section 505 of the Agricultural Act of 1949 ( 7 U.S.C. 1465 ), referred to in par. (9), was omitted from the Code.

2240. §7211 — Authorization for use of production flexibility contracts

2241. §7212 — Elements of contracts

2242. §7213 — Amounts available for contract payments

2243. §7213 — Section 1308(1) of this title , referred to in subsecs. (e), (f), was repealed by Pub. L. 107–171, title I, § 1603(a) , May 13, 2002 , 116 Stat. 213 .

2244. §7214 — Determination of contract payments under contracts

2245. §7215 — Applicability of payment limitations

2246. §7216 — Violations of contract

2247. §7217 — Transfer or change of interest in lands subject to contract

2248. §7218 — Planting flexibility

2249. §7231 — Availability of nonrecourse marketing assistance loans

2250. §7232 — Loan rates for marketing assistance loans

2251. §7233 — Term of loans

2252. §7234 — Repayment of loans

2253. §7235 — Loan deficiency payments

2254. §7236 — Special marketing loan provisions for upland cotton

2255. § 7236a. Special competitive provisions for extra long staple cotton

2256. §7237 — Availability of recourse loans for high moisture feed grains and seed cotton and other fibers

2257. §7251 — Milk price support program

2258. §7251 — Section 204 of the Agricultural Act of 1949, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), (2), was classified to section 1446e of this title prior to repeal by subsec. (g) of this section. See Codification note below.

2259. §7253 — Consolidation and reform of Federal milk marketing orders

2260. §7254 — Effect on fluid milk standards in State of California

2261. §7255 — Milk manufacturing marketing adjustment

2262. §7256 — Northeast Interstate Dairy Compact

2263. §7256 — Section 608c(5) of this title , referred to in par. (6), was in the original “section 8(c)5 of the Agricultural Adjustment Act ( 7 U.S.C. 608c ), reenacted with amendments by the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937,” which was translated as meaning section 8c(5) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2264. §7257 — Authority to assist in establishment and maintenance of one or more export trading companies

2265. §7258 — Standby authority to indicate entity best suited to provide international market development and export services

2266. §7259 — Study and report regarding potential impact of Uruguay Round on prices, income, and government purchases

2267. §7272 — Sugar program

2268. §7281 — Administration

2269. §7282 — Adjustments of loans

2270. §7283 — Commodity Credit Corporation interest rate

2271. §7284 — Personal liability of producers for deficiencies

2272. §7285 — Commodity Credit Corporation sales price restrictions

2273. §7286 — Commodity certificates

2274. §7287 — Commodity Credit Corporation storage payments

2275. §7287 — Section 1405 of Pub. L. 110–246 , which directed that this section be added at the end of subtitle E of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996, was executed by adding this section at the end of subtitle E of title I of that Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2276. §7301 — Section 1340 of this title shall not be applicable to the crops of wheat planted for harvest in the calendar years 1996 through 2002.

2277. §7301 — Suspension and repeal of permanent price support authority

2278. §7302 — Effect of chapter

2279. §7311 — Establishment

2280. §7312 — Composition

2281. §7313 — Comprehensive review of past and future of production agriculture

2282. §7314 — Reports

2283. §7315 — Powers

2284. §7316 — Commission procedures

2285. §7317 — Personnel matters

2286. §7318 — Termination of Commission

2287. §7331 — Options pilot program

2288. §7332 — Risk management education

2289. §7333 — Administration and operation of noninsured crop assistance program

2290. §7333 — Section 1308–3a of this title , referred to in subsec. (i)(4), was amended by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1605(a) –(e), Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 707 , 708, and, as so amended, provisions which formerly appeared in subsec. (b)(1)(A) of section 1308–3a were struck out. See subsec. (b)(1) of section 1308–3a of this title .

2291. §7401 — Commodity promotion and evaluation

2292. §7411 — Findings and purpose

2293. §7412 — Definitions

2294. §7413 — Issuance of orders

2295. §7414 — Required terms in orders

2296. §7415 — Permissive terms in orders

2297. §7416 — Assessments

2298. § 7416a. Confirmation of authority of Secretary of Agriculture to collect State commodity assessments

2299. §7417 — Referenda

2300. §7418 — Petition and review of orders

2301. §7419 — Enforcement

2302. §7420 — Investigations and power to subpoena

2303. §7421 — Suspension or termination

2304. §7422 — Amendments to orders

2305. §7423 — Effect on other laws

2306. §7424 — Regulations

2307. §7425 — Authorization of appropriations

2308. §7441 — Findings and declaration of policy

2309. §7442 — Definitions

2310. §7443 — Issuance and amendment of orders

2311. §7444 — Required terms in orders

2312. §7445 — Assessments

2313. §7446 — Referenda

2314. §7447 — Petition and review

2315. §7448 — Enforcement

2316. §7449 — Investigations and power to subpoena

2317. §7450 — Suspension or termination

2318. §7451 — Regulations

2319. §7452 — Authorization of appropriations

2320. §7461 — Findings and purposes

2321. §7462 — Definitions

2322. §7463 — Issuance of orders

2323. §7464 — National Kiwifruit Board

2324. §7465 — Required terms in order

2325. §7466 — Permissive terms in order

2326. §7467 — Petition and review

2327. §7468 — Enforcement

2328. §7469 — Investigations and power to subpoena

2329. §7470 — Referenda

2330. §7471 — Suspension or termination

2331. §7472 — Regulations

2332. §7473 — Authorization of appropriations

2333. §7481 — Findings and declaration of policy

2334. §7482 — Definitions

2335. §7483 — Issuance of orders

2336. §7484 — Required terms in orders

2337. §7485 — Referenda

2338. §7486 — Petition and review

2339. §7487 — Enforcement

2340. §7488 — Investigations and power to subpoena

2341. §7489 — Relation to other programs

2342. §7490 — Regulations

2343. §7491 — Authorization of appropriations

2344. §7501 — Definitions

2345. §7502 — Availability of CCC commodities

2346. §7502 — Section 1163 of the Food Security Act of 1985, referred to in subsec. (f), is section 1163 of Pub. L. 99–198 , which is set out as a note under section 1731 of this title .

2347. §7502 — Section 713a–14 of title 15 , referred to in subsec. (f), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1423(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 695 .

2348. §7503 — State plan

2349. §7504 — Initial processing costs

2350. §7505 — Federal and State responsibilities

2351. §7506 — Assurances; anticipated use

2352. §7507 — State and local supplementation of commodities

2353. §7508 — Authorization and appropriations

2354. §7509 — Relationship to other programs

2355. §7509 — Section 2013(b) of this title shall not apply with respect to the distribution of commodities under this chapter.

2356. §7510 — Commodities not income

2357. §7511 — Prohibition against certain State charges

2358. § 7511a. Emergency food program infrastructure grants

2359. §7512 — Regulations

2360. §7513 — Finality of determinations

2361. §7514 — Incorporation of additional commodities

2362. §7514 — Section 7501 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was subsequently amended, and section 7501(1) no longer defines the term “emergency feeding organization”. However, such term is defined elsewhere in that section.

2363. §7515 — Allotment and delivery of commodities

2364. §7516 — Settlement and adjustment of claims

2365. §7517 — The Gus Schumacher nutrition incentive program

2366. §7518 — Micro-grants for food security

2367. §7601 — Definitions

2368. §7601 — Section 251(a), referred to in par. (3), is section 251(a) of Pub. L. 105–185 .

2369. §7611 — Standards for Federal funding of agricultural research, extension, and education

2370. §7612 — Priority setting process

2371. §7613 — Relevance and merit of agricultural research, extension, and education funded by the Department

2372. §7614 — Definitions

2373. §7614 — Section 7511(a)(4), referred to in pars. (1) and (3), means section 7511(a)(4) of Pub. L. 110–246 .

2374. § 7614a. Roadmap

2375. § 7614b. Review of plan of work requirements

2376. § 7614c. Budget submission and funding

2377. §7624 — Biobased products

2378. §7625 — National Food Safety Training, Education, Extension, Outreach, and Technical Assistance Program

2379. §7625 — Section 399c(d) of title 21 , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “section 1011(d) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act” and was translated as meaning section 1011(d) of the Act as added by Pub. L. 111–353, title II, § 209(a) , Jan. 4, 2011 , 124 Stat. 3945 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Section 399c of title 21 was renumbered section 1012 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act by Pub. L. 114–255, div. A, title III, § 3073(b)(2) , Dec. 13, 2016 , 130 Stat. 1137 . Another section 1011 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as added by Pub. L. 111–148, title III, § 3509(g) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 536 is classified to section 399b of Title 21 , Food and Drugs, but does not contain a subsec. (d).

2380. §7626 — Integrated research, education, and extension competitive grants program

2381. §7627 — Coordinated program of research, extension, and education to improve viability of small and medium size dairy, livestock, and poultry operations

2382. §7628 — Support for research regarding diseases of wheat, triticale, and barley caused by Fusarium graminearum or by Tilletia indica

2383. §7630 — Grants for youth organizations

2384. §7631 — Agricultural biotechnology research and development for developing countries

2385. §7632 — Specialty crop research initiative

2386. §7633 — Food and agriculture service learning program

2387. §7641 — Patent Culture Collection fees

2388. §7642 — Food Animal Residue Avoidance Database program

2389. §7643 — Distribution of farmers’ bulletins

2390. §7651 — Nutrient composition data

2391. §7652 — Role of Secretary regarding food and agricultural sciences research and extension

2392. §7653 — Office of Pest Management Policy

2393. §7654 — Food Safety Research Information Office

2394. §7655 — Safe food handling education

2395. § 7655a. Food safety education initiatives

2396. § 7655b. Forestry products advanced utilization research

2397. § 7655c. Clarification of research and development program for wood building construction

2398. § 7655d. Wood innovation grant program

2399. §7656 — Designation of Crisis Management Team within Department

2400. §7657 — Senior Scientific Research Service

2401. §7701 — Findings Congress finds that-

2402. §7702 — Definitions

2403. §7711 — Regulation of movement of plant pests

2404. §7712 — Regulation of movement of plants, plant products, biological control organisms, noxious weeds, articles, and means of conveyance

2405. § 7712a. Reduction in backlog of agricultural export petitions

2406. §7713 — Notification and holding requirements upon arrival

2407. §7714 — General remedial measures for new plant pests and noxious weeds

2408. §7715 — Declaration of extraordinary emergency and resulting authorities

2409. §7716 — Recovery of compensation for unauthorized activities

2410. §7717 — Control of grasshoppers and Mormon crickets

2411. §7718 — Certification for exports

2412. §7719 — Methyl bromide

2413. §7720 — National plan for control and management of Sudden Oak Death

2414. §7721 — Plant pest and disease management and disaster prevention

2415. §7731 — Inspections, seizures, and warrants

2416. §7732 — Collection of information

2417. §7733 — Subpoena authority

2418. §7734 — Penalties for violation

2419. §7735 — Enforcement actions of Attorney General

2420. §7736 — Court jurisdiction

2421. §7751 — Cooperation

2422. §7752 — Buildings, land, people, claims, and agreements

2423. §7753 — Reimbursable agreements

2424. §7754 — Regulations and orders

2425. §7755 — Protection for mail handlers

2426. §7756 — Preemption

2427. §7757 — Severability

2428. §7758 — Repeal of superseded laws

2429. §7759 — Fees for inspection of plants for exporting or transiting

2430. §7760 — State terminal inspection; transmission of mailed packages for State inspection; nonmailable matter; punishment for violations; rules and regulations by United States Postal Service

2431. §7771 — Authorization of appropriations

2432. §7772 — Transfer authority

2433. §7781 — Definitions

2434. §7782 — Establishment of program

2435. §7783 — Grants to weed management entities

2436. §7784 — Agreements

2437. §7785 — Relationship to other programs

2438. §7786 — Authorization of appropriations

2439. §7801 — Findings and declaration of policy

2440. §7802 — Definitions

2441. §7803 — Issuance of orders

2442. §7804 — Required terms in orders

2443. §7805 — Referenda

2444. §7806 — Petition and review

2445. §7807 — Enforcement

2446. §7808 — Investigations and power to subpoena

2447. §7809 — Confidentiality

2448. §7810 — Authority for Secretary to suspend or terminate order

2449. §7811 — Rules of construction

2450. §7812 — Regulations

2451. §7813 — Authorization of appropriations

2452. §7901 — Definitions

2453. §7911 — Establishment of base acres and payment acres for a farm

2454. §7912 — Establishment of payment yield

2455. §7912 — Section 1465 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was omitted from the Code.

2456. §7913 — Availability of direct payments

2457. §7914 — Availability of counter-cyclical payments

2458. §7915 — Producer agreement required as condition of provision of direct payments and counter-cyclical payments

2459. §7916 — Planting flexibility

2460. §7917 — Relation to remaining payment authority under production flexibility contracts

2461. §7918 — Period of effectiveness

2462. §7931 — Availability of nonrecourse marketing assistance loans for loan commodities

2463. §7932 — Loan rates for nonrecourse marketing assistance loans

2464. §7933 — Term of loans

2465. §7934 — Repayment of loans

2466. §7935 — Loan deficiency payments

2467. §7936 — Payments in lieu of loan deficiency payments for grazed acreage

2468. §7937 — Special marketing loan provisions for upland cotton

2469. §7938 — Special competitive provisions for extra long staple cotton

2470. §7939 — Availability of recourse loans for high moisture feed grains and seed cotton

2471. §7951 — Definitions

2472. §7952 — Establishment of payment yield and base acres for peanuts for a farm

2473. §7953 — Availability of direct payments for peanuts

2474. §7954 — Availability of counter-cyclical payments for peanuts

2475. §7955 — Producer agreement required as condition on provision of direct payments and counter-cyclical payments

2476. §7956 — Planting flexibility

2477. §7957 — Marketing assistance loans and loan deficiency payments for peanuts

2478. §7958 — Miscellaneous provisions

2479. §7959 — Termination of marketing quota programs for peanuts and compensation to peanut quota holders for loss of quota asset value

2480. §7960 — Repeal of superseded price support authority and effect of repeal

2481. §7971 — Storage facility loans

2482. §7981 — Milk price support program

2483. §7982 — National dairy market loss payments

2484. §7982 — Section 805 of the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is section 805 of Pub. L. 106–387 , § 1(a) [title VIII], Oct. 28, 2000 , 114 Stat. 1549 , 1549A–50, which is not classified to the Code.

2485. §7983 — Section 713a–14 of title 15 , referred to in subsec. (c)(6), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1423(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 695 .

2486. §7983 — Section 7981 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(5), was in the original “section 1401”, and was translated as reading “section 1501”, meaning section 1501 of Pub. L. 107–171 to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because section 1501 of Pub. L. 107–171 relates to Federal milk price support program. Section 1401 of Pub. L. 107–171 amended sections 7272 and 7283 of this title.

2487. §7983 — Study of national dairy policy

2488. §7984 — Studies of effects of changes in approach to national dairy policy and fluid milk identity standards

2489. §7991 — Administration generally

2490. §7992 — Suspension of permanent price support authority

2491. §7994 — Study

2492. §7995 — Assignment of payments

2493. §7996 — Equitable relief from ineligibility for loans, payments, or other benefits

2494. §7997 — Tracking of benefits

2495. §7998 — Estimates of net farm income

2496. §7999 — Availability of incentive payments for certain producers

2497. §8001 — Producer retention of erroneously paid loan deficiency payments and marketing loan gains

2498. §8002 — Implementation funding and information management

2499. §8002 — Title I and the amendments made by that title, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is title I of Pub. L. 107–171 , May 13, 2002 , 116 Stat. 143 , which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see References in Text note set out under section 7901 of this title and Tables.

2500. §8101 — Definitions

2501. §8102 — Biobased markets program

2502. §8102 — Section 1. [Revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13693, § 16(b), Mar. 19, 2015 , 80 F.R. 15880.]

2503. §8103 — Biorefinery, renewable chemical, and biobased product manufacturing assistance

2504. §8105 — Bioenergy program for advanced biofuels

2505. §8106 — Biodiesel fuel education program

2506. §8107 — Rural Energy for America Program

2507. § 8107a. Rural energy savings program

2508. §8108 — Biomass research and development

2509. §8108 — Section 5925e of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(6)(C)(ii), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title VII, § 7212(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 886 .

2510. §8110 — Feedstock flexibility program for bioenergy producers

2511. §8111 — Biomass Crop Assistance Program

2512. §8111 — Section 2279(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(9), was redesignated section 2279(a) of this title by section 12301(b)(3) of Pub. L. 115–334 .

2513. §8113 — Community Wood Energy and Wood Innovation Program

2514. §8114 — Section 7511(a)(4), referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(D)(iv)(II), (III), means section 7511(a)(4) of Pub. L. 110–246 .

2515. §8114 — Sun grant program

2516. §8115 — Carbon utilization and biogas education program

2517. §8201 — Definitions

2518. §8202 — Eligibility

2519. §8203 — Assistance

2520. §8204 — Limitations on assistance

2521. §8204 — Section 1308 of this title (before the amendment made by section 1603(a) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008), referred to in subsec. (c)(1), means section 1308 of this title before the amendment by section 1603(a) of Pub. L. 110–246 , which amended the definition of “covered commodity” in section 1308(a)(1). Section 1603(b) of Pub. L. 110–246 amended section 1308 by, among other things, adding subsec. (a)(4) which defined “person” and striking out subsec. (e) which related to issuance of regulations defining “person”. The amendments by section 1603 of Pub. L. 110–246 to section 1308 were effective May 22, 2008 .

2522. §8205 — Authorization of appropriations

2523. §8301 — Findings

2524. §8302 — Definitions

2525. §8303 — Restriction on importation or entry

2526. §8304 — Exportation

2527. §8304 — Section 11010 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(A), is section 11010 of Pub. L. 110–246 , which amended this section and enacted provisions set out as a note below.

2528. §8305 — Interstate movement

2529. §8306 — Seizure, quarantine, and disposal

2530. §8307 — Inspections, seizures, and warrants

2531. §8308 — Detection, control, and eradication of diseases and pests

2532. § 8308a. Animal disease prevention and management

2533. §8309 — Veterinary accreditation program

2534. §8310 — Cooperation

2535. §8311 — Reimbursable agreements

2536. §8312 — Administration and claims

2537. §8313 — Penalties

2538. §8314 — Enforcement

2539. §8315 — Regulations and orders

2540. §8316 — Authorization of appropriations

2541. §8317 — Effect on regulations

2542. §8318 — Veterinary training

2543. §8319 — Surveillance of zoonotic diseases

2544. §8320 — Expansion of Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service activities

2545. §8321 — Pest and Disease Response Fund

2546. §8322 — National aquatic animal health plan

2547. §8351 — Predatory and other wild animals

2548. §8352 — Authorization of expenditures for the eradication and control of predatory and other wild animals

2549. §8353 — Control of nuisance mammals and birds and those constituting reservoirs of zoonotic diseases; exception

2550. §8354 — Expenditures for cooperative agreements to lease aircraft

2551. §8355 — Losses of livestock due to depredation by federally protected species

2552. §8356 — Depredation permits for black vultures and common ravens; black vulture livestock protection program

2553. §8401 — Regulation of certain biological agents and toxins

2554. §8401 — Section 262a(a)(1) of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(A)(ii), was in the original “section 315A(a)(1) of the Public Health Service Act”, and was translated as meaning section 351A(a)(1) of that Act to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because the Public Health Service Act does not contain a section 315A and section 351A refers to a list of biological agents and toxins.

2555. §8411 — Interagency coordination

2556. §8501 — Definitions

2557. §8502 — Sense of Congress regarding need for improved and better coordinated Federal policy for brown tree snake introduction, control, and eradication

2558. §8503 — Brown tree snake control, interdiction, research and eradication

2559. §8504 — Establishment of quarantine protocols to control the introduction and spread of the brown tree snake

2560. §8505 — Treatment of brown tree snakes as nonmailable matter

2561. §8506 — Role of brown tree snake Technical Working Group

2562. §8507 — Miscellaneous matters

2563. §8701 — Definition of Secretary

2564. §8702 — Definitions

2565. §8702 — Section 8713 of this title , referred to in par. (5), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1101 , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 658 .

2566. §8702 — Section 8714 of this title , referred to in pars. (3) and (6), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1102(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 658 .

2567. §8702 — Section 8715 of this title , referred to in par. (1), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1103(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 658 .

2568. §8711 — Base acres

2569. §8712 — Payment yields

2570. §8716 — Producer agreement required as condition of provision of payments

2571. §8716 — Section 8715 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1103(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 658 .

2572. §8717 — Planting flexibility

2573. §8718 — Section 8714 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1102(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 658 .

2574. §8718 — Special rule for long grain and medium grain rice

2575. §8719 — Period of effectiveness

2576. §8731 — Availability of nonrecourse marketing assistance loans for loan commodities

2577. §8732 — Loan rates for nonrecourse marketing assistance loans

2578. §8732 — Section 8715 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (b) and (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1103(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 658 .

2579. §8733 — Term of loans

2580. §8734 — Repayment of loans

2581. §8735 — Loan deficiency payments

2582. §8736 — Payments in lieu of loan deficiency payments for grazed acreage

2583. §8737 — Special marketing loan provisions for upland cotton

2584. §8738 — Special competitive provisions for extra long staple cotton

2585. §8739 — Availability of recourse loans for high moisture feed grains and seed cotton

2586. §8740 — Adjustments of loans

2587. §8751 — Definitions

2588. §8751 — Section 8753 of this title , referred to in par. (3), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1101 , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 658 .

2589. §8751 — Section 8754 of this title , referred to in pars. (2) and (4), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1102(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 658 .

2590. §8752 — Base acres for peanuts for a farm

2591. §8755 — Producer agreement required as condition on provision of payments

2592. §8755 — Section 8715 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (e), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1103(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 658 .

2593. §8756 — Planting flexibility

2594. §8757 — Marketing assistance loans and loan deficiency payments for peanuts

2595. §8757 — Section 8715 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1103(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 658 .

2596. §8758 — Adjustments of loans

2597. §8772 — Dairy forward pricing program

2598. §8781 — Administration generally

2599. §8782 — Suspension of permanent price support authority

2600. §8783 — Availability of quality incentive payments for covered oilseed producers

2601. §8784 — Assignment of payments

2602. §8785 — Tracking of benefits

2603. §8786 — Prevention of deceased individuals receiving payments under farm commodity programs

2604. §8787 — Hard white wheat development program

2605. §8788 — Durum wheat quality program

2606. §8789 — Storage facility loans

2607. §8790 — Signature authority

2608. §8791 — Information gathering

2609. §8792 — Geographically disadvantaged farmers and ranchers

2610. §8793 — Implementation

2611. §8901 — Definitions

2612. §8912 — Agricultural biosecurity communication center

2613. §8913 — Assistance to build local capacity in agricultural biosecurity planning, preparedness, and response

2614. §8914 — Agriculture and food defense

2615. §8914 — Section 12202, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), means section 12202 of Pub. L. 115–334 , title XII, Dec. 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4944 , which enacted section 6922 of this title .

2616. §8921 — Research and development of agricultural countermeasures

2617. §8922 — Agricultural biosecurity grant program

2618. §9001 — Definition of Secretary of Agriculture

2619. §9011 — Definitions

2620. §9012 — Base acres

2621. §9013 — Payment yields

2622. §9014 — Payment acres

2623. §9015 — Producer election

2624. §9016 — Price loss coverage

2625. §9017 — Agriculture risk coverage

2626. §9018 — Producer agreements

2627. §9031 — Availability of nonrecourse marketing assistance loans for loan commodities

2628. §9032 — Loan rates for nonrecourse marketing assistance loans

2629. §9033 — Term of loans

2630. §9034 — Repayment of loans

2631. §9035 — Loan deficiency payments

2632. §9036 — Payments in lieu of loan deficiency payments for grazed acreage

2633. §9037 — Special marketing loan provisions for upland cotton

2634. §9038 — Special competitive provisions for extra long staple cotton

2635. §9039 — Availability of recourse loans for high moisture feed grains and seed cotton

2636. §9040 — Adjustments of loans

2637. §9051 — Definitions

2638. §9052 — Calculation of average feed cost and actual dairy production margins

2639. §9053 — Dairy margin coverage

2640. §9053 — Subpart A of part 1430 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on December 20, 2018 ), shall remain in effect for dairy margin coverage beginning with the 2019 calendar year, except to the extent that the regulations are inconsistent with any provision of this Act.

2641. §9054 — Participation of dairy operations in dairy margin coverage

2642. §9054 — Section 1401(m) of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(A), is section 1401(m) of Pub. L. 115–334 , which is set out as a note under section 9051 of this title .

2643. §9055 — Production history of participating dairy operations

2644. §9056 — Dairy margin coverage payments

2645. §9057 — Premiums for dairy margin coverage

2646. §9058 — Effect of failure to pay administrative fees or premiums

2647. §9059 — Duration

2648. §9060 — Administration and enforcement

2649. §9071 — Milk donation program

2650. § 9071a. Dairy donation program

2651. §9081 — Supplemental agricultural disaster assistance

2652. §9091 — Administration generally

2653. §9091 — Section 10109 of that Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), means section 10109 of Pub. L. 115–334 , title X, Dec. 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4906 . Subsecs. (a) to (c) of section 10109 are not classified to the Code. Subsec. (d) of section 10109 amended section 2276 of this title .

2654. §9092 — Suspension of permanent price support authority

2655. §9093 — Prevention of deceased individuals receiving payments under farm commodity programs

2656. §9094 — Assignment of payments

2657. §9095 — Tracking of benefits

2658. §9096 — Signature authority

2659. §9097 — Implementation

2660. §9097 — Section 901(a) of title 2 , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), was in the original “ 2 U.S.C. 901(a) ”, but probably should have been a reference to section 251(a) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, title II of Pub. L. 99–177 , which is classified to section 901(a) of Title 2 , The Congress.

2661. §9201 — Definitions

2662. §9202 — National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility

2663. §9203 — Evaluation and research plan

2664. §9204 — Availability of data and congressional briefings

2665. §9205 — Budget and report

2666. §9206 — Effect on other authorities

Title 8 — Immigration

1. §32 — Transferred

2. §101 — Section 100 transferred to section 1551 of this title .

3. §101 — Section 101 transferred to section 1552 of this title .

4. §101 — Transferred

5. §111 — Section 111 transferred to section 1554 of this title .

6. §111 — Transferred

7. §238 — Transferred

8. §606 — Transferred

9. §800 — Transferred

10. § 903b. Transferred

11. §1701 — Definitions

12. §1711 — Authorization of appropriations for hiring and training Government personnel

13. §1711 — Section 1225a(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(4), was in the original “section 235(b) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1225A(b) )” and was translated as reading section 235A(b) of that Act to reflect the probable intent of Congress because that section 235A(b) describes the Carrier Consultant Program.

14. §1712 — Authorization of appropriations for improvements in technology and infrastructure

15. §1713 — Machine-readable visa fees

16. §1714 — Surcharges related to consular services

17. §1715 — Consular and Border Security Programs

18. §1721 — Interim measures for access to and coordination of law enforcement and other information

19. §1721 — Section 403–3 of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(F), was repealed and a new section 403–3 was enacted by Pub. L. 108–458, title I, § 1011(a) , Dec. 17, 2004 , 118 Stat. 3643 , 3655, and subsequently editorially reclassified to section 3025 of Title 50 , War and National Defense; as so enacted, subsec. (c)(7) no longer contains provisions relating to the protection of sources and methods used to acquire intelligence information. See section 3024 of Title 50 .

20. §1722 — Interoperable law enforcement and intelligence data system with name-matching capacity and training

21. §1722 — Section 309 of the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1998, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is section 309 of Pub. L. 105–107 , title III, Nov. 20, 1997 , 111 Stat. 2253 , which was set out as a note under former section 403–3 of Title 50 , War and National Defense, and is now set out as a note under section 3024 of Title 50 .

22. §1723 — Commission on Interoperable Data Sharing

23. §1724 — Personnel management authorities for positions involved in the development and implementation of the interoperable electronic data system (“Chimera system”)

24. §1731 — Implementation of an integrated entry and exit data system

25. §1732 — Machine-readable, tamper-resistant entry and exit documents

26. §1733 — Terrorist lookout committees

27. §1734 — Improved training for consular officers

28. §1735 — Restriction on issuance of visas to nonimmigrants from countries that are state sponsors of international terrorism

29. §1735 — Section 4605(j)(1)(A) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . Provisions similar to those in former section 4605(j)(1)(A) of title 50 can be found in section 4813(c)(1)(A)(i) of title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

30. §1736 — Check of lookout databases

31. §1737 — Tracking system for stolen passports

32. §1738 — Identification documents for certain newly admitted aliens

33. §1751 — Study of the feasibility of a North American National Security Program

34. §1752 — Staffing levels at ports of entry

35. § 1752a. Model ports-of-entry

36. §1753 — Joint United States-Canada projects for alternative inspections services

37. §1761 — Foreign student monitoring program

38. §1762 — Review of institutions and other entities authorized to enroll or sponsor certain nonimmigrants

39. §1771 — General Accounting Office study

40. §1772 — International cooperation

41. §1773 — Statutory construction

42. §1774 — Annual report on aliens who fail to appear after release on own recognizance

43. §1775 — Retention of nonimmigrant visa applications by the Department of State

44. §1776 — Training program

45. §1777 — Establishment of Human Smuggling and Trafficking Center

46. §1778 — Vulnerability and threat assessment

Chapter 12

1. §1101 — Definitions

   This section provides extensive definitions for terms used within the Immigration and Nationality Act, covering various categories of individuals (e.g., alien, immigrant, nonimmigrant, refugee, special immigrant), immigration processes, and legal concepts. It details specific criteria for nonimmigrant visas, special immigrant statuses, aggravated felonies, and what constitutes good moral character.

2. §1102 — Diplomatic and semidiplomatic immunities

3. §1103 — Powers and duties of the Secretary, the Under Secretary, and the Attorney General

4. §1104 — Powers and duties of Secretary of State

5. §1105 — Liaison with internal security officers; data exchange

6. § 1105a. Employment authorization for battered spouses of certain nonimmigrants

7. §1107 — Additional report

8. §1151 — Worldwide level of immigration

   This section of the Immigration and Nationality Act establishes the worldwide levels of immigration for family-sponsored, employment-based, and diversity immigrants, setting numerical limits for each category. It also specifies certain aliens who are exempt from these direct numerical limitations, including immediate relatives of U.S. citizens and various special immigrants.

9. §1152 — Numerical limitations on individual foreign states

   This section of the Immigration and Nationality Act establishes numerical limitations on immigrant visas for individual foreign states, emphasizing non-discrimination while setting per-country caps for family-sponsored and employment-based immigrants. It includes specific exceptions and special rules for certain visa categories, such as spouses and children, and outlines how visas are allocated for countries that reach their ceiling.

10. §1153 — Allocation of immigrant visas

    This section outlines the allocation of immigrant visas, establishing preference categories for family-sponsored and employment-based immigrants with specific numerical limits and criteria. It also details the rules for diversity immigrants, special considerations for family members, and various integrity measures for the employment-creation (EB-5) program, including financial requirements, regional center oversight, and provisions against fraud.

11. § 1153a. Transparency

12. §1154 — Procedure for granting immigrant status

    This section outlines the detailed procedures for petitioning for various immigrant statuses, including family-sponsored, employment-based, special immigrants, and diversity immigrants. It includes specific provisions for self-petitioners who are victims of domestic violence (VAWA self-petitioners), rules for certain spousal and orphan petitions, and conditions under which petitions may be denied or reclassified.

13. §1155 — Revocation of approval of petitions; effective date

14. §1156 — Unused immigrant visas

15. §1157 — Annual admission of refugees and admission of emergency situation refugees

    This section establishes the annual admission process for refugees, allowing the President to determine numerical limits based on humanitarian concerns or national interest, with provisions for emergency situations. It outlines criteria for refugee admission by the Attorney General, including derivative status for spouses and children, waivers for certain inadmissibility grounds, and procedures for consultation with Congress, as well as training requirements for officials.

16. §1158 — Asylum

    This section establishes the framework for asylum applications in the United States, detailing who may apply, various exceptions to eligibility, conditions for granting asylum (including the burden of proof), and circumstances under which asylum status may be terminated. It also outlines procedural requirements for applications, employment authorization, fees, and includes specific provisions for the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.

17. §1159 — Adjustment of status of refugees

    This section outlines the process for refugees to adjust their status to lawful permanent residence. It details the requirements for inspection, physical presence, and continued refugee status, as well as provisions for the Secretary of Homeland Security or Attorney General to exercise discretion and waive certain grounds of inadmissibility for humanitarian reasons.

18. §1160 — Section 1105a of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(3)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, § 306(b) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–612 .

19. §1160 — Special agricultural workers

20. §1181 — Admission of immigrants into the United States

21. §1182 — Inadmissible aliens

    This extensive section details the various grounds for rendering aliens inadmissible to the United States, including health, criminal, security, public charge, and immigration violations. It also outlines numerous waivers and specific procedures for different categories of nonimmigrants and immigrants, such as victims of domestic violence, professional athletes, foreign medical graduates, and nurses.

22. § 1182d. Denial of visas to confiscators of American property

23. § 1182e. Denial of entry into United States of foreign nationals engaged in establishment or enforcement of forced abortion or sterilization policy

24. § 1182f. Denial of entry into United States of Chinese and other nationals engaged in coerced organ or bodily tissue transplantation

25. §1183 — Admission of aliens on giving bond or undertaking; return upon permanent departure

26. § 1183a. Requirements for sponsor’s affidavit of support

27. §1184 — Admission of nonimmigrants

    This section outlines the regulations governing the admission of nonimmigrants to the United States, detailing conditions, duration of stay, and specific requirements for various nonimmigrant categories. It covers aspects such as employer petitions, numerical limitations, fees, labor dispute considerations, and special provisions for certain professionals, students, and victims of trafficking or crime.

28. § 1184a. Philippine Traders as nonimmigrants

29. §1185 — Section 1. Functions of the Secretary of Homeland Security . The Secretary of Homeland Security is assigned the functions of the President under section 215(a) of the INA with respect to persons other than citizens of the United States. In exercising these functions, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall not issue, amend, or revoke any rules, regulations, or orders without first obtaining the concurrence of the Secretary of State.

30. §1185 — Section 1–101. Delegation of Authority. The Secretary of State and the Attorney General are hereby designated and empowered to exercise in respect of Iranians the authority conferred upon the President by section 215(a)(1) of the Act of June 27, 1952 (8 USC 1185), to prescribe limitations and exceptions on the rules and regulations governing the entry of aliens into the United States.

31. §1185 — Section 1–102. Effective Date. This order is effective immediately.

32. §1185 — Travel control of citizens and aliens

33. §1186 — Transferred

34. §1186a. Conditional permanent resident status for certain alien spouses and sons and daughters

    This section establishes conditional permanent resident status for certain alien spouses and sons or daughters who obtain residence through marriage, outlining the conditions for termination and removal of this status. It details requirements for joint petitions and interviews, provisions for hardship waivers, and defines key terms related to conditional residency.

35. § 1186b. Conditional permanent resident status for certain alien entrepreneurs, spouses, and children

36. §1187 — Section 4605(j) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (a)(12)(A)(i)(II), (ii)(II), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . For provisions similar to those of former section 4605(j) of title 50 , see section 4813(c) of title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

37. §1187 — Visa waiver program for certain visitors

38. § 1187a. Provision of assistance to non-program countries

39. §1188 — Admission of temporary H–2A workers

40. §1188 — Section 403(a)(4)(D) of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(B)(iii), is section 403(a)(4)(D) of Pub. L. 99–603 , which is set out in a note under this section.

41. §1189 — Designation of foreign terrorist organizations

42. §1201 — Issuance of visas

    This section details the issuance of immigrant and nonimmigrant visas by consular officers, specifying application requirements, period of validity, waiver conditions, and physical examination mandates. It also covers procedures for visa surrender, reasons for non-issuance, non-admission upon arrival despite having a visa, and the revocation of visas.

43. §1202 — Application for visas

44. §1203 — Reentry permit

45. §1204 — Immediate relative and special immigrant visas

46. §1221 — Lists of alien and citizen passengers arriving and departing

47. §1222 — Detention of aliens for physical and mental examination

48. §1223 — Entry through or from foreign territory and adjacent islands

49. §1224 — Designation of ports of entry for aliens arriving by aircraft

50. §1225 — Inspection by immigration officers; expedited removal of inadmissible arriving aliens; referral for hearing

    This section outlines the inspection process for aliens seeking admission to the United States, including provisions for expedited removal of inadmissible arriving aliens and referral for hearings. It details the roles of immigration officers, asylum officers, and immigration judges, and covers specific rules for stowaways, applicants for asylum, and aliens with security-related grounds for inadmissibility, along with enforcement authorities and subpoena powers.

51. § 1225a. Preinspection at foreign airports

52. §1226 — Apprehension and detention of aliens

    This section details the apprehension and detention procedures for aliens, including provisions for arrest, detention, and release on bond or parole pending removal decisions. It specifically addresses the mandatory detention of criminal aliens, defines criminal offenses triggering such detention, and outlines the Attorney General's authority regarding identification of criminal aliens and limitations on judicial review. Additionally, it grants State attorneys general standing to challenge certain release decisions.

53. § 1226a. Mandatory detention of suspected terrorists; habeas corpus; judicial review

54. §1227 — Deportable aliens

    This section defines the classes of aliens who are deportable from the United States, including those inadmissible at entry, violators of status, those involved in marriage fraud, and aliens convicted of various criminal offenses such as crimes of moral turpitude, controlled substance offenses, firearm offenses, and domestic violence. It also covers grounds related to national security, document fraud, falsely claiming citizenship, public charge, and unlawful voting, along with provisions for waivers and administrative stays.

55. §1228 — Expedited removal of aliens convicted of committing aggravated felonies

    This section establishes expedited removal proceedings for aliens convicted of aggravated felonies, outlining procedures for arrest, detention, and removal from the United States. It specifies conditions for judicial review, special provisions for aliens who are not permanent residents, and the process for judicial orders of removal by district courts.

56. §1229 — Initiation of removal proceedings

    This section outlines the procedures for initiating removal proceedings against an alien, detailing the required contents and methods of service for a "notice to appear," provisions for securing legal counsel, and rules for prompt initiation of removal proceedings for deportable offenses, including compliance certifications in specific enforcement contexts.

57. §1229a. Removal proceedings

    This section details the procedures for removal proceedings conducted by an immigration judge, covering the authority of the judge, the form of proceedings, alien's rights, consequences of failing to appear, treatment of frivolous behavior, limitations on discretionary relief, and specific rules regarding decisions, burden of proof, motions to reconsider, and motions to reopen.

58. §1229b. Cancellation of removal; adjustment of status

    This section outlines the conditions under which certain permanent and non-permanent resident aliens may have their removal cancelled and their status adjusted, including special provisions for battered spouses, children, and relatives of trafficking victims. It also specifies categories of aliens ineligible for such relief and details rules regarding continuous residence and annual limitations on cancellations.

59. §1229c. Voluntary departure

    This section details the conditions and procedures for voluntary departure of aliens from the United States, including requirements for those seeking to depart prior to or at the conclusion of removal proceedings, special provisions for medical treatment waivers, ineligibility criteria, penalties for failure to depart, and limitations on judicial review.

60. §1230 — Records of admission

61. §1231 — Detention and removal of aliens ordered removed

    This section details the procedures for the detention and removal of aliens ordered removed, including the 90-day removal period, detention and supervision rules, conditions for removal of imprisoned aliens, reinstatement of prior removal orders, and rules governing the countries to which aliens may be removed. It also covers the costs of removal, care for aliens during removal, and provisions for detention facilities and incarceration of undocumented criminal aliens.

62. §1232 — Enhancing efforts to combat the trafficking of children

63. §1251 — Transferred

64. §1252 — Judicial review of orders of removal

    This section governs the judicial review of orders of removal, outlining applicable provisions, limitations on review for certain matters and criminal aliens, and specific requirements for filing petitions for review, including deadlines, venue, scope of review, and treatment of nationality claims. It also addresses judicial review of orders related to expedited removal and limits on injunctive relief.

65. Section 1252a, act June 27, 1952, ch. 477, title II , ch. 5, § 242A, as added Nov. 18, 1988 , Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, § 7347(a) , 102 Stat. 4471 , as amended, which related to expedited removal of aliens convicted of committing aggravated felonies, was renumbered section 238 of ch. 4 of title II of act June 27, 1952 , by Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, § 308(b)(5) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–615 , and was transferred to section 1228 of this title .

66. § 1252a. Transferred

67. § 1252c. Authorizing State and local law enforcement officials to arrest and detain certain illegal aliens

68. §1253 — Penalties related to removal

69. § 1254a. Temporary protected status

70. § 1254b. Collection of fees under temporary protected status program

71. §1255 — Adjustment of status of nonimmigrant to that of person admitted for permanent residence

    This section outlines the process for nonimmigrants to adjust their status to permanent residence, detailing eligibility requirements, criteria for various alien categories including VAWA self-petitioners and victims of trafficking, and specifying exclusions such as certain crewmen and those who have engaged in unauthorized employment. It also includes provisions for specific immigrant types, annual limitations, and conditions for continuous physical presence.

72. §1255a. Adjustment of status of certain entrants before January 1, 1982, to that of person admitted for lawful residence

    This section establishes a process for adjusting the status of certain aliens who entered the United States before January 1, 1982, to temporary resident status, and subsequently to lawful permanent residence, provided they meet continuous unlawful residence and physical presence requirements, are admissible as immigrants, and satisfy basic citizenship skills. It also details application procedures, confidentiality provisions, fee schedules, waivers of numerical limitations and certain grounds of exclusion, temporary stay of deportation, and rules for administrative and judicial review.

73. § 1255b. Adjustment of status of certain nonimmigrants to that of persons admitted for permanent residence

74. §1256 — Rescission of adjustment of status; effect upon naturalized citizen

75. §1257 — Adjustment of status of certain resident aliens to nonimmigrant status; exceptions

76. §1258 — Change of nonimmigrant classification

77. §1259 — Record of admission for permanent residence in the case of certain aliens who entered the United States prior to January 1, 1972 A record of lawful admission for permanent residence may, in the discretion of the Attorney General and under such regulations as he may prescribe, be made in the case of any alien, as of the date of the approval of his application or, if entry occurred prior to July 1, 1924, as of the date of such entry, if no such record is otherwise available and such alien shall satisfy the Attorney General that he is not inadmissible under section 1182(a)(3)(E) of this title or under section 1182(a) of this title insofar as it relates to criminals, procurers and other immoral persons, subversives, violators of the narcotic laws or smugglers of aliens, and he establishes that he-

    This section outlines the conditions under which a record of lawful admission for permanent residence may be created for certain aliens who entered the United States before January 1, 1972. It specifies criteria such as continuous residence, good moral character, and not being inadmissible under certain provisions of immigration law.

78. §1260 — Removal of aliens falling into distress

79. §1281 — Alien crewmen

80. §1282 — Conditional permits to land temporarily

81. §1283 — Hospital treatment of alien crewmen afflicted with certain diseases

82. §1284 — Control of alien crewmen

83. §1285 — Employment on passenger vessels of aliens afflicted with certain disabilities

84. §1286 — Discharge of alien crewmen; penalties

85. §1287 — Alien crewmen brought into the United States with intent to evade immigration laws; penalties

86. §1288 — Limitations on performance of longshore work by alien crewmen

87. §1288 — Section 4106 of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 4106 of Pub. L. 101–380 , title IV, Aug. 18, 1990 , 104 Stat. 513 , which amended former section 1228 of Title 33 , Navigation and Navigable Waters, and sections 6101 and 9101 of Title 46, Shipping.

88. §1301 — Alien seeking entry; contents

89. §1302 — Registration of aliens

90. §1303 — Registration of special groups

91. §1304 — Forms for registration and fingerprinting

92. §1305 — Notices of change of address

93. §1306 — Penalties

94. §1321 — Prevention of unauthorized landing of aliens

95. §1322 — Bringing in aliens subject to denial of admission on a health-related ground; persons liable; clearance papers; exceptions; “person” defined

96. §1323 — Unlawful bringing of aliens into United States

97. §1324 — Bringing in and harboring certain aliens

    This section outlines criminal penalties for individuals involved in unlawfully bringing, transporting, harboring, or encouraging aliens to enter or reside in the United States, detailing various offenses and associated punishments. It also includes provisions for seizure and forfeiture of property used in such violations, authority for arrests, admissibility of videotaped witness testimony, and the establishment of an outreach program.

98. § 1324a. Unlawful employment of aliens

99. § 1324b. Unfair immigration-related employment practices

100. § 1324c. Penalties for document fraud

101. § 1324d. Civil penalties for failure to depart

102. §1325 — Improper entry by alien

     This section outlines criminal and civil penalties for aliens who improperly enter the United States, including entering at undesignated locations, eluding inspection, or misrepresenting facts. It also specifies penalties for marriage fraud and immigration-related entrepreneurship fraud committed to evade immigration laws.

103. §1326 — Reentry of removed aliens

     This section establishes criminal penalties for aliens who reenter or attempt to reenter the United States after having been removed, excluded, or deported, without proper consent. It details increased penalties based on prior convictions for misdemeanors or felonies, including aggravated felonies, and outlines limitations on collateral attacks to the underlying deportation order.

104. §1327 — Aiding or assisting certain aliens to enter Any person who knowingly aids or assists any alien inadmissible under section 1182(a)(2) (insofar as an alien inadmissible under such section has been convicted of an aggravated felony) or 1182(a)(3) (other than subparagraph (E) thereof) of this title to enter the United States, or who connives or conspires with any person or persons to allow, procure, or permit any such alien to enter the United States, shall be fined under title 18, or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both. (June 27, 1952, ch. 477, title II, ch. 8, §277, 66 Stat. 229 ; Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, §7346(a), (c)(1), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4471 ; Pub. L. 101–649, title V, §543(b)(4), title VI, §603(a)(16), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 5059 , 5084; Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, §308(d)(3)(A), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–617 .)

105. §1328 — Importation of alien for immoral purpose

106. §1329 — Jurisdiction of district courts

107. §1330 — Collection of penalties and expenses

108. §1330 — Section 605 of Public Law 104–134 , referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(C), is section 101[(a)] [title VI, § 605] of Pub. L. 104–134, title I , Apr. 26, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1321 , 1321–63, which is not classified to the Code.

109. §1351 — Nonimmigrant visa fees

110. §1352 — Printing of reentry permits and blank forms of manifest and crew lists; sale to public

111. §1353 — Travel expenses and expense of transporting remains of officers and employees dying outside of United States

112. § 1353a. Officers and employees; overtime services; extra compensation; length of working day

113. § 1353b. Extra compensation; payment

114. § 1353c. Immigration officials; service in foreign contiguous territory

115. § 1353d. Disposition of money received as extra compensation

116. §1354 — Applicability to members of the Armed Forces

117. §1355 — Disposal of privileges at immigrant stations; rentals; retail sale; disposition of receipts

118. §1356 — Disposition of moneys collected under the provisions of this subchapter

119. §1356 — Section 606 of Public Law 101–162 , referred to in subsec. (q)(3)(B), is section 606 of Pub. L. 101–162 , title VI, Nov. 21, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1031 , which is not classified to the Code.

120. §1357 — Powers of immigration officers and employees

     This section delineates the extensive powers of immigration officers and employees, including their authority to interrogate aliens, make warrantless arrests and searches under specific conditions, administer oaths, and detain individuals suspected of controlled substances violations. It also outlines cooperation with state officers and protections for abused juveniles.

121. §1358 — Local jurisdiction over immigrant stations

122. §1359 — Application to American Indians born in Canada

123. §1360 — Establishment of central file; information from other departments and agencies

124. §1361 — Burden of proof upon alien Whenever any person makes application for a visa or any other document required for entry, or makes application for admission, or otherwise attempts to enter the United States, the burden of proof shall be upon such person to establish that he is eligible to receive such visa or such document, or is not inadmissible under any provision of this chapter, and, if an alien, that he is entitled to the nonimmigrant, immigrant, special immigrant, immediate relative, or refugee status claimed, as the case may be. If such person fails to establish to the satisfaction of the consular officer that he is eligible to receive a visa or other document required for entry, no visa or other document required for entry shall be issued to such person, nor shall such person be admitted to the United States unless he establishes to the satisfaction of the Attorney General that he is not inadmissible under any provision of this chapter. In any removal proceeding under part IV of this subchapter against any person, the burden of proof shall be upon such person to show the time, place, and manner of his entry into the United States, but in presenting such proof he shall be entitled to the production of his visa or other entry document, if any, and of any other documents and records, not considered by the Attorney General to be confidential, pertaining to such entry in the custody of the Service. If such burden of proof is not sustained, such person shall be presumed to be in the United States in violation of law. (June 27, 1952, ch. 477, title II, ch. 9, §291, 66 Stat. 234 ; Pub. L. 97–116, §18(k)(1), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1620 ; Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, §308(d)(4)(N), (e)(1)(N), (g)(9)(A), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–618 , 3009-619, 3009-624.)

     This section establishes that the burden of proof lies with an alien applying for a visa or admission to demonstrate eligibility and inadmissibility. In removal proceedings, the alien must prove the time, place, and manner of entry, and failure to do so results in a presumption of unlawful presence.

125. §1362 — Right to counsel

126. §1363 — Deposit of and interest on cash received to secure immigration bonds

127. § 1363a. Undercover investigation authority

128. §1364 — Triennial comprehensive report on immigration

129. §1365 — Reimbursement of States for costs of incarcerating illegal aliens and certain Cuban nationals

130. § 1365a. Integrated entry and exit data system

131. Section 3 of the Immigration and Naturalization Service Data Management Improvement Act of 2000, referred to in subsec. (g), is section 3 of Pub. L. 106–215 , set out as a note below.

132. § 1365b. Biometric entry and exit data system

133. §1366 — Annual report on criminal aliens

134. §1367 — Penalties for disclosure of information

135. §1368 — Increase in INS detention facilities; report on detention space

136. §1369 — Treatment of expenses subject to emergency medical services exception

137. §1370 — Reimbursement of States and localities for emergency ambulance services

138. §1371 — Reports

139. §1371 — Section 1227(a)(5) of this title , referred to in par. (1), was in the original a reference to “section 241(a)(5) of the Immigration and Nationality Act”, which has been translated as referring to section 237(a)(5) of the Immigration and Nationality Act to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 241 as 237 by Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, § 305(a)(2) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–598 . Pub. L. 104–208, § 305(a)(3) , enacted a new section 241 of the Immigration and Nationality Act which is classified to section 1231 of this title , but subsec. (a)(5) of that section does not relate to deportation on public charge grounds.

140. §1372 — Program to collect information relating to nonimmigrant foreign students and other exchange program participants

141. §1373 — Communication between government agencies and the Immigration and Naturalization Service

142. §1374 — Information regarding female genital mutilation

143. § 1375a. Domestic violence information and resources for immigrants and regulation of international marriage brokers

144. Section 3 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), is section 3 of Pub. L. 109–162 , which enacted sections 10447 and 12291 of Title 34, Crime Control and Law Enforcement, amended sections 10448, 10465, 12464, 12351, and 12409 of Title 34, repealed former section 3796gg–2 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, and amended provisions set out as a note under section 10447 of Title 34 .

145. Section 832, referred to in subsec. (f)(1)(A), (C), is section 832 of Pub. L. 109–162 , which amended section 1184 of this title and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 1184 of this title .

146. § 1375b. Protections for domestic workers and other nonimmigrants

147. § 1375c. Protections, remedies, and limitations on issuance for A–3 and G–5 visas

148. §1376 — Data on nonimmigrant overstay rates

149. §1377 — Collection of data on detained asylum seekers

150. § 1377a. Report on aliens determined to have credible or reasonable fear of persecution or torture

151. §1378 — Collection of data on other detained aliens

152. § 1378a. Report on aliens detained

153. §1379 — Technology standard to confirm identity

154. §1380 — Maintenance of statistics by the Department of Homeland Security

155. §1381 — Secretary of Labor report

156. §1382 — Acceptance and administration of gifts for immigration integration grants program

157. §1401 — Nationals and citizens of United States at birth The following shall be nationals and citizens of the United States at birth:

     This section defines the various categories of individuals who are considered nationals and citizens of the United States at birth, including those born within the U.S. jurisdiction, those born to U.S. citizen parents abroad under specific conditions, and persons of unknown parentage found in the U.S. under certain circumstances.

158. § 1401a. Birth abroad before 1952 to service parent

159. Section 1401(g) of this title shall be considered to have been and to be applicable to a child born outside of the United States and its outlying possessions after January 12, 1941 , and before December 24, 1952 , of parents one of whom is a citizen of the United States who has served in the Armed Forces of the United States after December 31, 1946 , and before December 24, 1952 , and whose case does not come within the provisions of section 201(g) or (i) of the Nationality Act of 1940.

160. Section 201(g) and (i) of the Nationality Act of 1940, referred to in text, which were repealed by act June 27, 1952, ch. 477, title IV, § 403(a)(42) , 66 Stat. 280 , eff. Dec. 24, 1952 , provided as follows: “The following shall be nationals and citizens of the United States at birth: * * * * * “(g) A person born outside the United States and its outlying possessions of parents one of whom is a citizen of the United States who, prior to the birth of such person, has had ten years’ residence in the United States or one of its outlying possessions, at least five of which were after attaining the age of sixteen years, the other being an alien: Provided , That, in order to retain such citizenship, the child must reside in the United States or its outlying possessions for a period or periods totaling five years between the ages of thirteen and twenty-one years: Provided further , That, if the child has not taken up a residence in the United States or its outlying possessions by the time he reaches the age of sixteen years, or if he resides abroad for such a time that it becomes impossible for him to complete the five years’ residence in the United States or its outlying possessions before reaching the age of twenty-one years, his American citizenship shall thereupon cease. “The preceding provisos shall not apply to a child born abroad whose American parent is at the time of the child’s birth residing abroad solely or principally in the employment of the Government of the United States or a bona fide American, educational, scientific, philanthropic, religious, commercial, or financial organization, having its principal office or place of business in the United States, or an international agency of an official character in which the United States participates, for which he receives a substantial compensation: * * * * * “(i) A person born outside the United States and its outlying possessions of parents one of whom is a citizen of the United States who has served or shall serve honorably in the armed forces of the United States after December 7, 1941 , and before the date of the termination of hostilities in the present war as proclaimed by the President or determined by a joint resolution by the Congress and who, prior to the birth of such person, has had ten years’ residence in the United States or one of its outlying possessions, at least five of which were after attaining the age of twelve years, the other being an alien: Provided , That in order to retain such citizenship, the child must reside in the United States or its outlying possessions for a period or periods totaling five years between the ages of thirteen and twenty-one years: Provided further , That, if the child has not taken up a residence in the United States or its outlying possessions by the time he reaches the age of sixteen years, or if he resides abroad for such a time that it becomes impossible for him to complete the five years’ residence in the United States or its outlying possessions before reaching the age of twenty-one years, his American citizenship shall thereupon cease.”

161. §1402 — Persons born in Puerto Rico on or after April 11, 1899 All persons born in Puerto Rico on or after April 11, 1899, and prior to January 13, 1941, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, residing on January 13, 1941, in Puerto Rico or other territory over which the United States exercises rights of sovereignty and not citizens of the United States under any other Act, are declared to be citizens of the United States as of January 13, 1941. All persons born in Puerto Rico on or after January 13, 1941, and subject to the jurisdiction of the United States, are citizens of the United States at birth. (June 27, 1952, ch. 477, title III, ch. 1, §302, 66 Stat. 236 .)

     This section declares all persons born in Puerto Rico on or after April 11, 1899, and prior to January 13, 1941, to be citizens of the United States as of January 13, 1941, given they resided in U.S. territory on that date. It further states that all persons born in Puerto Rico on or after January 13, 1941, are citizens of the United States at birth.

162. §1403 — Persons born in the Canal Zone or Republic of Panama on or after February 26, 1904

163. §1404 — Persons born in Alaska on or after March 30, 1867

164. §1405 — Persons born in Hawaii

165. §1406 — Persons living in and born in the Virgin Islands

166. §1407 — Persons living in and born in Guam

167. §1408 — Nationals but not citizens of the United States at birth

168. §1409 — Children born out of wedlock

169. §1409 — Section 405 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 405 of act June 27, 1952, ch. 477, title IV , 66 Stat. 280 , which is set out as a Savings Clause note under section 1101 of this title .

170. §1421 — Naturalization authority

     This section vests the sole authority to naturalize persons as citizens in the Attorney General, while also granting courts the authority to administer oaths of allegiance under specific conditions, including provisions for exclusive court authority and judicial review of naturalization denials. It mandates that naturalization must follow the procedures outlined in this subchapter.

171. §1422 — Eligibility for naturalization The right of a person to become a naturalized citizen of the United States shall not be denied or abridged because of race or sex or because such person is married. (June 27, 1952, ch. 477, title III, ch. 2, §311, 66 Stat. 239 ; Pub. L. 100–525, §9(t), Oct. 24, 1988, 102 Stat. 2621 .)

     This section asserts that a person's right to become a naturalized citizen of the United States cannot be denied or restricted based on their race, sex, or marital status.

172. §1423 — Requirements as to understanding the English language, history, principles and form of government of the United States

     This section outlines the requirements for naturalization concerning English language proficiency and knowledge of U.S. history and government. It also provides specific exemptions and special considerations for these requirements based on physical or developmental disabilities, mental impairment, and the applicant's age and length of residence in the United States.

173. §1424 — Prohibition upon the naturalization of persons opposed to government or law, or who favor totalitarian forms of government

     This section prohibits the naturalization of individuals who advocate for opposition to organized government, are members of totalitarian parties, or support doctrines of world communism or totalitarian dictatorship. It also outlines specific exceptions for past affiliations that were involuntary or terminated, or for individuals contributing to national security.

174. §1425 — Ineligibility to naturalization of deserters from the Armed Forces

175. §1426 — Citizenship denied alien relieved of service in Armed Forces because of alienage

176. §1426 — Section 405(b), referred to in subsec. (a), is section 405(b) of act June 27, 1952, ch. 477, title IV , 66 Stat. 280 , which is set out as a Savings Clause note under section 1101 of this title .

177. §1427 — Requirements of naturalization

     This section details the requirements for naturalization, primarily focusing on continuous residence, physical presence, and good moral character within the United States. It also outlines conditions under which absences may or may not break continuous residence, and provides specific exemptions for individuals making extraordinary contributions to national security.

178. §1428 — Temporary absence of persons performing religious duties

179. §1429 — Prerequisite to naturalization; burden of proof Except as otherwise provided in this subchapter, no person shall be naturalized unless he has been lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence in accordance with all applicable provisions of this chapter. The burden of proof shall be upon such person to show that he entered the United States lawfully, and the time, place, and manner of such entry into the United States, but in presenting such proof he shall be entitled to the production of his immigrant visa, if any, or of other entry document, if any, and of any other documents and records, not considered by the Attorney General to be confidential, pertaining to such entry, in the custody of the Service. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 405(b),1 and except as provided in sections 1439 and 1440 of this title no person shall be naturalized against whom there is outstanding a final finding of deportability pursuant to a warrant of arrest issued under the provisions of this chapter or any other Act; and no application for naturalization shall be considered by the Attorney General if there is pending against the applicant a removal proceeding pursuant to a warrant of arrest issued under the provisions of this chapter or any other Act: Provided, That the findings of the Attorney General in terminating removal proceedings or in canceling the removal of an alien pursuant to the provisions of this chapter, shall not be deemed binding in any way upon the Attorney General with respect to the question of whether such person has established his eligibility for naturalization as required by this subchapter. (June 27, 1952, ch. 477, title III, ch. 2, §318, 66 Stat. 244 ; Pub. L. 90–633, §4, Oct. 24, 1968, 82 Stat. 1344 ; Pub. L. 101–649, title IV, §407(c)(4), (d)(3), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 5041 ; Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, §308(e)(1)(O), (15), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–620 , 3009-621.)

     This section establishes lawful permanent residence as a prerequisite for naturalization, placing the burden of proof on the applicant to demonstrate lawful entry. It also prohibits naturalization for individuals with an outstanding final finding of deportability or pending removal proceedings, with exceptions for certain provisions.

180. §1430 — Married persons and employees of certain nonprofit organizations

     This section outlines special naturalization provisions for married persons, particularly spouses of U.S. citizens (including those abused by a citizen spouse) and U.S. Armed Forces members, often waiving certain residence and physical presence requirements. It also covers naturalization for employees of specific nonprofit organizations working abroad and for surviving relatives of U.S. citizens who died during military service.

181. §1431 — Children born outside the United States and lawfully admitted for permanent residence; conditions under which citizenship automatically acquired

     This section outlines the conditions under which a child born outside the United States and lawfully admitted for permanent residence automatically acquires U.S. citizenship, including requirements related to the parents' citizenship, the child's age, and residency. It also includes special provisions for adopted children and children of military and Federal Government personnel residing abroad, and mandates that issued documents reflect the child's name and birth date from State vital records.

182. §1433 — Children born and residing outside the United States; conditions for acquiring certificate of citizenship

     This section details the application process for a certificate of citizenship for children born and residing outside the United States who have not automatically acquired citizenship. It outlines requirements for citizen parents (or grandparents/legal guardians if the parent is deceased), including physical presence in the U.S., the child's age, and custody, with special provisions for adopted children and children of Armed Forces members.

183. §1435 — Former citizens regaining citizenship

184. §1435 — Section 317(a) and (b) of the Nationality Act of 1940, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (c)(1), which was classified to section 717(a) and (b) of this title, was repealed by section 403(a)(42) of act June 27, 1952 . See subsecs. (a) and (c) of this section.

185. §1436 — Nationals but not citizens; residence within outlying possessions

186. §1437 — Resident Philippine citizens excepted from certain requirements

187. §1438 — Former citizens losing citizenship by entering armed forces of foreign countries during World War II

188. §1438 — Section 323 of the Nationality Act of 1940, referred to in subsec. (c), which was classified to section 723 of this title , was repealed by section 403(a)(42) of act June 27, 1952 . See subsec. (a) of this section.

189. §1439 — Naturalization through service in the armed forces

190. §1440 — Naturalization through active-duty service in the Armed Forces during World War I, World War II, Korean hostilities, Vietnam hostilities, or other periods of military hostilities

191. § 1440e. Exemption from naturalization fees for aliens naturalized through service during Vietnam hostilities or other subsequent period of military hostilities; report by clerks of courts to Attorney General

192. § 1440f. Fingerprints and other biometric information for members of the United States Armed Forces

193. § 1440g. Provision of information on military naturalization

194. §1441 — Constructive residence through service on certain United States vessels

195. §1442 — Alien enemies

196. §1443 — Administration

197. § 1443a. Naturalization proceedings overseas for members of the Armed Forces and their spouses and children

198. §1444 — Photographs; number

199. §1445 — Application for naturalization; declaration of intention

200. §1446 — Investigation of applicants; examination of applications

201. §1447 — Hearings on denials of applications for naturalization

202. §1448 — Oath of renunciation and allegiance

     This section outlines the requirements for the oath of renunciation and allegiance taken by individuals applying for naturalization, detailing the specific clauses of the oath and provisions for waivers based on religious beliefs, disability, or age. It also addresses renunciation of hereditary titles and procedures for expedited oath ceremonies.

203. § 1448a. Address to newly naturalized citizens

204. §1449 — Certificate of naturalization; contents

205. §1450 — Functions and duties of clerks and records of declarations of intention and applications for naturalization

206. §1451 — Revocation of naturalization

207. §1451 — Section 702 of the Nationality Act of 1940, as amended, referred to in subsec. (g), which was classified to section 1002 of this title , was repealed by section 403(a)(42) of act June 27, 1952 . See section 1440 of this title .

208. §1452 — Certificates of citizenship or U.S. non-citizen national status; procedure

209. §1452 — Section 1993 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in subsec. (a), which was classified to section 6 of this title , was repealed by act Oct. 14, 1940, ch. 876, title I , subch. V, § 504, 54 Stat. 1172 .

210. §1453 — Cancellation of certificates issued by Attorney General, the Commissioner or a Deputy Commissioner; action not to affect citizenship status

211. §1454 — Documents and copies issued by Attorney General

212. §1455 — Fiscal provisions

213. §1457 — Publication and distribution of citizenship textbooks; use of naturalization fees

214. §1458 — Compilation of naturalization statistics and payment for equipment

215. §1481 — Loss of nationality by native-born or naturalized citizen; voluntary action; burden of proof; presumptions

     This section details the various voluntary actions by which a U.S. national, whether native-born or naturalized, can lose their nationality, provided such acts are performed with the intention of relinquishing U.S. nationality. It also establishes the burden of proof and presumptions related to the voluntary nature of such acts in legal proceedings.

216. §1483 — Restrictions on loss of nationality

217. §1488 — Nationality lost solely from performance of acts or fulfillment of conditions

218. §1489 — Application of treaties; exceptions

219. §1501 — Certificate of diplomatic or consular officer of United States as to loss of American nationality

220. §1501 — Chapter IV of the Nationality Act of 1940, as amended, referred to in text, which was classified to sections 800 to 810 of this title, was repealed by section 403(a)(42) of act June 27, 1952 .

221. §1502 — Certificate of nationality issued by Secretary of State for person not a naturalized citizen of United States for use in proceedings of a foreign state

222. §1503 — Denial of rights and privileges as national

223. §1504 — Cancellation of United States passports and Consular Reports of Birth

224. §1521 — Office of Refugee Resettlement; establishment; appointment of Director; functions

225. §1522 — Authorization for programs for domestic resettlement of and assistance to refugees

226. §1522 — Section 106 of the Job Training Partnership Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(C), which was classified to section 1516 of Title 29 , Labor, was repealed by Pub. L. 105–220, title I, § 199(b)(2) , (c)(2)(B), Aug. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1059 , effective July 1, 2000 . Pursuant to former section 2940(b) of Title 29 , references to a provision of the Job Training Partnership Act, effective Aug. 7, 1998 , were deemed to refer to that provision or the corresponding provision of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998, Pub. L. 105–220 , Aug. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 936 , and, effective July 1, 2000 , were deemed to refer to the corresponding provision of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998. The Workforce Investment Act of 1998 was repealed by Pub. L. 113–128, title V , §§ 506, 511(a), July 22, 2014 , 128 Stat. 1703 , 1705, effective July 1, 2015 . Pursuant to section 3361(a) of Title 29 , references to a provision of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 are deemed to refer to the corresponding provision of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act, Pub. L. 113–128 , July 22, 2014 , 128 Stat. 1425 , effective July 1, 2015 . For complete classification of the Job Training Partnership Act and the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 to the Code, see Tables. For complete classification of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3101 of Title 29 and Tables.

227. §1523 — Congressional reports

228. §1524 — Authorization of appropriations

229. §1531 — Definitions

230. §1531 — Section 1 of the Classified Information Procedures Act, referred to in pars. (2) and (3), is section 1 of Pub. L. 96–456 , Oct. 15, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2025 , which is set out in the Appendix to Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

231. §1532 — Establishment of removal court

232. §1533 — Removal court procedure

233. §1534 — Removal hearing

234. §1534 — Section 1254a(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (k)(4), was in the original a reference to “section 244(e)”, meaning section 244(e) of act June 27, 1952 , which was classified to section 1254(e) of this title . Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, § 308(b)(7) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–615 , repealed section 244 and renumbered section 244A as section 244, which is classified to section 1254a of this title . For provisions relating to voluntary departure, see section 1229c of this title .

235. §1535 — Appeals

236. §1536 — Custody and release pending removal hearing

237. §1537 — Custody and release after removal hearing

Chapter 13

1. §1551 — Immigration and Naturalization Service

2. §1552 — Commissioner of Immigration and Naturalization; office

3. §1553 — Assistant Commissioners and one District Director; compensation and salary grade

4. §1554 — Special immigrant inspectors at Washington

5. §1555 — Immigration Service expenses

6. §1556 — Transferred

7. §1557 — Prevention of transportation in foreign commerce of alien women and girls under international agreement; Commissioner designated as authority to receive and preserve information

8. §1571 — Purposes

9. §1572 — Definitions

10. §1573 — Immigration Services and Infrastructure Improvements Account

11. §1574 — Reports to Congress

Chapter 14

1. §1601 — Statements of national policy concerning welfare and immigration The Congress makes the following statements concerning national policy with respect to welfare and immigration:

   This section outlines the national policy statements of Congress regarding welfare and immigration, emphasizing self-sufficiency for aliens, limiting public benefits as an incentive for immigration, and establishing new eligibility rules and sponsorship agreements to achieve these goals.

2. §1611 — Aliens who are not qualified aliens ineligible for Federal public benefits

   This section establishes the general ineligibility of aliens who are not 'qualified aliens' for Federal public benefits, while also detailing numerous exceptions for specific types of benefits and programs, such as emergency medical assistance and certain Social Security benefits. It further defines what constitutes a 'Federal public benefit' for the purposes of this chapter.

3. §1612 — Limited eligibility of qualified aliens for certain Federal programs

4. §1612 — Section 212(b) of Public Law 93–66 , referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(A), is set out as a note under section 1382 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

5. §1612 — Section 243 of such Act and section 243 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2)(A)(iii), (M)(i)(III)(dd) and (b)(2)(A)(i)(III), (ii)(III), are section 243 of act June 27, 1952 , which is classified to section 1253 of this title . Section 1253 of this title was amended generally by Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, § 307(a) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–612 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (h). For effective date of section 307 of Pub. L. 104–208 , see section 309 of Pub. L. 104–208 , set out as an Effective Date of 1996 Amendments note under section 1101 of this title .

6. §1612 — Section 501(e) of the Refugee Education Assistance Act of 1980, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2)(A)(iv), (M)(i)(III)(cc) and (b)(2)(A)(i)(IV), (ii)(IV), is section 501(e) of Pub. L. 96–422 , which is set out in a note under section 1522 of this title .

7. §1612 — Section 584 of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1988, as contained in section 101(e) of Public Law 100–202 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A)(v), is section 101(e) [title V, § 584] of Pub. L. 100–202 , Dec. 22, 1987 , 101 Stat. 1329–183 , which is set out as an Amerasian Immigration note under section 1101 of this title .

8. §1613 — Five-year limited eligibility of qualified aliens for Federal means-tested public benefit

9. §1613 — Section 1612(a)(2)(A)(i)(V) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(E), was redesignated section 1612(a)(2)(A)(v) of this title by Pub. L. 105–185, title V, § 503(2) , (3), June 23, 1998 , 112 Stat. 578 .

10. §1613 — Section 243 of such Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(C), is section 243 of act June 27, 1952 , which is classified to section 1253 of this title . Section 1253 of this title was amended generally by Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, § 307(a) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–612 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (h). For effective date of section 307 of Pub. L. 104–208 , see section 309 of Pub. L. 104–208 , set out as an Effective Date of 1996 Amendments note under section 1101 of this title .

11. §1613 — Section 501(e) of the Refugee Education Assistance Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(D), is section 501(e) of Pub. L. 96–422 , which is set out in a note under section 1522 of this title .

12. §1614 — Notification and information reporting

13. §1615 — Requirements relating to provision of benefits based on citizenship, alienage, or immigration status under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act, the Child Nutrition Act of 1966, and certain other Acts

14. §1615 — Section 4 of the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B), is section 4 of Pub. L. 93–86 , which is set out as a note under section 612c of Title 7 , Agriculture.

15. §1621 — Aliens who are not qualified aliens or nonimmigrants ineligible for State and local public benefits

    This section outlines the general ineligibility of aliens who are not qualified aliens or nonimmigrants for State and local public benefits, providing specific exceptions for emergency health care, disaster relief, public health assistance, and certain community-level services, and defining what constitutes a 'State or local public benefit.' It also grants states authority to provide eligibility for illegal aliens through specific state laws.

16. §1622 — Section 1612(a)(2)(A)(i)(V) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(E), was redesignated section 1612(a)(2)(A)(v) of this title by Pub. L. 105–185, title V, § 503(2) , (3), June 23, 1998 , 112 Stat. 578 .

17. §1622 — Section 243 of such Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(C), is section 243 of act June 27, 1952 , which is classified to section 1253 of this title . Section 1253 of this title was amended generally by Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, § 307(a) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–612 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (h). For effective date of section 307 of Pub. L. 104–208 , see section 309 of Pub. L. 104–208 , set out as an Effective Date of 1996 Amendments note under section 1101 of this title .

18. §1622 — Section 501(e) of the Refugee Education Assistance Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(D), is section 501(e) of Pub. L. 96–422 , which is set out in a note under section 1522 of this title .

19. §1622 — State authority to limit eligibility of qualified aliens for State public benefits

20. §1623 — Limitation on eligibility for preferential treatment of aliens not lawfully present on basis of residence for higher education benefits

21. §1624 — Authority of States and political subdivisions of States to limit assistance to aliens and to distinguish among classes of aliens in providing general cash public assistance

22. §1625 — Authorization for verification of eligibility for State and local public benefits

23. §1631 — Federal attribution of sponsor’s income and resources to alien

24. §1631 — Section 213A of the Immigration and Nationality Act (as added by section 423 and as amended by section 551(a) of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996), referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 1183a of this title as added by section 423 of Pub. L. 104–193 and amended by section 551(a) of div. C of Pub. L. 104–208 .

25. §1632 — Authority for States to provide for attribution of sponsors income and resources to the alien with respect to State programs

26. §1632 — Section 1183a of this title (as added by section 423 and as amended by section 551(a) of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996), referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 1183a of this title as added by section 423 of Pub. L. 104–193 and amended by section 551(a) of div. C of Pub. L. 104–208 .

27. §1641 — Definitions

    This section defines key terms for the chapter, primarily outlining who is considered a 'qualified alien' for purposes of Federal public benefits, including categories such as permanent residents, asylees, refugees, and certain parolees. It also details specific provisions for battered aliens, their children, and parents to be considered 'qualified aliens,' alongside related guidance from the Attorney General.

28. §1642 — Verification of eligibility for Federal public benefits

29. §1643 — Statutory construction

30. §1644 — Communication between State and local government agencies and Immigration and Naturalization Service

31. §1645 — Qualifying quarters

32. §1646 — Derivative eligibility for benefits

Title 9 — Arbitration

1. §401 — Definitions

2. §402 — No validity or enforceability

Chapter 1

1. §1 — “Maritime transactions” and “commerce” defined; exceptions to operation of title

   This section defines 'maritime transactions' as matters falling within admiralty jurisdiction, including charter parties and vessel-related agreements, and 'commerce' as trade among states, territories, or with foreign nations. It explicitly excludes contracts of employment for seamen, railroad employees, or other workers engaged in foreign or interstate commerce from its operation.

2. §2 — Validity, irrevocability, and enforcement of agreements to arbitrate

   This section establishes the validity, irrevocability, and enforceability of written arbitration provisions within maritime transactions or contracts involving commerce, stating that such agreements are binding unless grounds for revocation exist at law or in equity, or as specified in chapter 4.

3. §3 — Stay of proceedings where issue therein referable to arbitration

   This section mandates that U.S. courts must stay judicial proceedings when an issue is referable to arbitration under a written agreement, provided the party seeking the stay is not in default in proceeding with arbitration, allowing for the arbitration to take place as agreed.

4. §4 — Failure to arbitrate under agreement; petition to United States court having jurisdiction for order to compel arbitration; notice and service thereof; hearing and determination

   This section outlines the procedure for a United States district court to compel arbitration when a party fails to proceed under a written agreement, including notice requirements, hearing processes, and the right to a jury trial on the existence of the agreement or default in certain cases.

5. §5 — Appointment of arbitrators or umpire

6. §6 — Application heard as motion

7. §7 — Witnesses before arbitrators; fees; compelling attendance

8. §8 — Proceedings begun by libel in admiralty and seizure of vessel or property

   This section permits a party in an admiralty case, where the cause of action is otherwise justiciable in admiralty, to initiate proceedings by libel and seizure of the opposing party's vessel or property. The court maintains jurisdiction to order arbitration and subsequently to enter a decree based on the arbitral award.

9. §9 — Award of arbitrators; confirmation; jurisdiction; procedure

10. §10 — Same; vacation; grounds; rehearing

    This section outlines the specific grounds under which a United States court can vacate an arbitration award, including corruption, fraud, evident partiality, misconduct by arbitrators, or when arbitrators exceed their powers. It also provides for the possibility of a rehearing if an award is vacated and addresses vacation for awards issued pursuant to section 580 of title 5.

11. §11 — Same; modification or correction; grounds; order

12. §12 — Notice of motions to vacate or modify; service; stay of proceedings

    This section details the procedural requirements for serving notice of motions to vacate, modify, or correct an arbitration award, mandating service upon the adverse party or their attorney within three months of the award. It specifies service methods for both resident and nonresident parties and grants judges the authority to stay proceedings to enforce an award.

13. §13 — Papers filed with order on motions; judgment; docketing; force and effect; enforcement

    This section outlines the specific papers that must be filed with the clerk when seeking an order to confirm, modify, or correct an arbitration award, including the agreement, the award itself, and all related notices and court orders. It also clarifies that the resulting judgment will be docketed and enforced as if rendered in a regular court action.

14. §14 — Contracts not affected

15. §15 — Inapplicability of the Act of State doctrine

16. §16 — Appeals

    This section outlines specific circumstances under which appeals may be taken in arbitration proceedings, including orders refusing a stay, denying arbitration, confirming/denying awards, or modifying/vacating awards. It also specifies certain interlocutory orders from which appeals may not be taken, with an exception for section 1292(b) of title 28.

Chapter 2

1. §201 — Enforcement of Convention

2. §202 — Agreement or award falling under the Convention

3. §203 — Jurisdiction; amount in controversy

4. §204 — Venue

5. §205 — Removal of cases from State courts

6. §206 — Order to compel arbitration; appointment of arbitrators

7. §207 — Award of arbitrators; confirmation; jurisdiction; proceeding

   This section permits any party to an arbitration to apply to a court with jurisdiction for an order confirming an arbitral award under the Convention within three years of the award being made. The court is required to confirm the award unless it identifies grounds for refusal or deferral as specified in the Convention.

8. §208 — Application

9. §208 — Chapter 1 applies to actions and proceedings brought under this chapter to the extent that chapter is not in conflict with this chapter or the Convention as ratified by the United States. This chapter applies to the extent that this chapter is not in conflict with chapter 4.

Chapter 3

1. §301 — Enforcement of Convention

2. §302 — Incorporation by reference

3. §303 — Order to compel arbitration; appointment of arbitrators; locale

   This section grants courts with jurisdiction the authority to compel arbitration as per agreement, regardless of location, and to appoint arbitrators. If the agreement lacks such provisions, the court will direct arbitration and appoint arbitrators in accordance with Article 3 of the Inter-American Convention.

4. §304 — Recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral decisions and awards; reciprocity

   This section stipulates that foreign arbitral decisions and awards will be recognized and enforced in the United States under this chapter only if the foreign State has ratified or acceded to the Inter-American Convention, operating on the principle of reciprocity.

5. §305 — Relationship between the Inter-American Convention and the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards of June 10, 1958

   This section establishes the criteria for determining whether the Inter-American Convention or the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards applies when both conventions' requirements are met. It specifies that the Inter-American Convention applies if a majority of parties are citizens of States that have ratified it and are members of the Organization of American States; otherwise, the other Convention applies.

6. §306 — Applicable rules of Inter-American Commercial Arbitration Commission

   This section specifies that the procedural rules of the Inter-American Commercial Arbitration Commission, as promulgated on July 1, 1988, are applicable for this chapter. It also outlines a process for the Secretary of State to prescribe that modifications to these rules become effective for the purposes of this chapter.

7. §307 — Application

8. §307 — Chapter 1 applies to actions and proceedings brought under this chapter to the extent chapter 1 is not in conflict with this chapter or the Inter-American Convention as ratified by the United States. This chapter applies to the extent that this chapter is not in conflict with chapter 4.

Title 10

1. §101 — Definitions

2. §101 — Section 125(d) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(12)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 99–433, title III, § 301(b)(1) , Oct. 1, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1022 .

3. §102 — Effect of certain amendments on conforming changes to tables of sections, tables of contents, and similar tabular entries

4. §111 — Executive department

5. §112 — Department of Defense: seal

6. §113 — Secretary of Defense

7. §113 — Section 8042 of the FY88 Defense Appropriations Act ( Public Law 100–202 ) established a requirement for the Secretary of Defense to submit an annual report on the cost of stationing United States forces overseas. Under that section, the annual report is to be sent to the Committees on Appropriations of the two Houses. In codifying that section as section 113(k) of title 10 , the committee added the two Armed Services Committees as committees to be sent the annual report. This minor change from the source law does not change the nature of the report to be submitted.

8. § 113a. Transmission of annual defense authorization request

9. §114 — Annual authorization of appropriations

10. §115 — Personnel strengths: requirement for annual authorization

11. §115 — Section 10(b)(2) of the Military Selective Service Act, referred to in subsec. (i)(11), was classified to section 460(b)(2) of the former Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as section 3809(b)(2) of Title 50 .

12. § 115a. Annual defense manpower profile report and related reports

13. Section 1111(b)(2) of the Duncan Hunter National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009, referred to in subsec. (f)(4), is section 1111(b)(2) of Pub. L. 110–417 , which is set out as a note under section 143 of this title .

14. §116 — Annual operations and maintenance report

15. §117 — Readiness reporting system

16. §118 — Materiel readiness metrics and objectives for major weapon systems

17. § 118a. Quadrennial quality of life review

18. § 118b. National Defense Sustainment and Logistics Review

19. § 118c. National Defense Science and Technology Strategy

20. §119 — Special access programs: congressional oversight

21. § 119a. Programs managed under alternative compensatory control measures: congressional oversight

22. §120 — Department of Defense executive aircraft controlled by Secretaries of military departments

23. §121 — Regulations

24. §122 — Official registers

25. § 122a. Public availability of Department of Defense reports required by law

26. §123 — Authority to suspend officer personnel laws during war or national emergency

27. § 123a. Suspension of end-strength and other strength limitations in time of war or national emergency

28. § 123b. Forces stationed abroad: limitation on number

29. §124 — Detection and monitoring of aerial and maritime transit of illegal drugs: Department of Defense to be lead agency

30. §125 — Functions, powers, and duties: transfer, reassignment, consolidation, or abolition

31. § 125a. Reform: improvement of efficacy and efficiency

32. §126 — Transfer of funds and employees

33. §127 — Emergency and extraordinary expenses

34. § 127a. Operations for which funds are not provided in advance: funding mechanisms

35. § 127b. Department of Defense rewards program

36. § 127c. Purchase of weapons overseas: force protection

37. § 127d. Support of special operations for irregular warfare

38. § 127e. Support of special operations to combat terrorism

39. § 127f. Expenditure of funds for clandestine activities that support operational preparation of the environment and non-conventional assisted recovery capabilities

40. §128 — Control and physical protection of special nuclear material: limitation on dissemination of unclassified information

41. §129 — Civilian personnel management

42. § 129a. General policy for total force management

43. § 129b. Authority to procure personal services

44. § 129c. Medical personnel: limitations on reductions

45. § 129d. Disclosure to litigation support contractors

46. §130 — Authority to withhold from public disclosure certain technical data

47. § 130a. Department of Defense support for funerals and memorial events for Members and former Members of Congress

48. § 130b. Personnel in overseas, sensitive, or routinely deployable units: nondisclosure of personally identifying information

49. § 130c. Nondisclosure of information: certain sensitive information of foreign governments and international organizations

50. § 130d. Treatment under Freedom of Information Act of certain confidential information shared with State and local personnel

51. § 130e. Treatment under Freedom of Information Act of certain critical infrastructure security information

52. § 130f. Notification requirements for sensitive military operations

53. § 130i. Protection of certain facilities and assets from unmanned aircraft

54. §131 — Office of the Secretary of Defense

55. §132 — Deputy Secretary of Defense

56. § 132a. Performance improvement officer 1 1 So in original. Probably should be capitalized as “Performance Improvement Officer”.

57. § 133a. Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering

58. § 133b. Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment

59. §134 — Under Secretary of Defense for Policy

60. §135 — Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)

61. §136 — Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness

62. §137 — Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security

63. § 137a. Deputy Under Secretaries of Defense

64. §138 — Assistant Secretaries of Defense

65. §138 — Section 138(a) was renumbered section 114(a) of this title .

66. §138 — Section 138(b) was renumbered successively as section 114(b) and section 115(a) of this title .

67. §138 — Section 138(c) was renumbered successively as section 114(c) and section 115(b) of this title .

68. §138 — Section 138(d) was renumbered successively as section 114(d) and section 115(c) of this title .

69. §138 — Section 138(e) was renumbered successively as section 114(e) and section 116(a) of this title .

70. §138 — Section 138(f)(1) was renumbered successively as section 114(f)(1) and section 114(b) of this title .

71. §138 — Section 138(f)(2) was renumbered successively as section 114(f)(2) and section 116(b) of this title .

72. §138 — Section 138(g) was renumbered successively as section 114(g) and section 114(c) of this title .

73. §138 — Section 138(h) was renumbered successively as section 114(h) and section 113(i) of this title .

74. §138 — Section 138(i) was renumbered successively as section 114(i) and section 114(d) of this title .

75. §139 — Director of Operational Test and Evaluation

76. § 139a. Director of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation

77. Section 2334 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (b)(1)(A) and (d)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , §§ 1801(d), 1881(a), Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4151 , 4293, effective Jan. 1, 2022 , with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law. Subsecs. (a) to (h) of section 2334 were transferred to various provisions in chapter 222 of this title, with the same effective date and conditions, by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1812(b)(1) , (3), (c)(1), (d), (e)(1), (f)(1), (g)(1), (h)(1), Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4174–4177 .

78. § 139b. Secretariat for Special Operations; Special Operations Policy and Oversight Council

79. §140 — General Counsel

80. § 140a. Renumbered § 422]

81. § 140b. Renumbered § 423]

82. §141 — Inspector General

83. §142 — Chief Information Officer

84. §143 — Office of the Secretary of Defense personnel: limitation

85. §144 — Director of Small Business Programs

86. §145 — Principal Advisor on Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction

87. §146 — Renumbered § 198]

88. §147 — Chief Diversity Officer

89. §148 — Joint Energetics Transition Office

90. §149 — Office of Strategic Capital

91. §151 — Joint Chiefs of Staff: composition; functions

92. §152 — Chairman: appointment; grade and rank

93. §153 — Chairman: functions

94. §154 — Section 664(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(B), was redesignated as section 664(d) of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title V, § 510(g)(1) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2111 .

95. §154 — Vice Chairman

96. §155 — Joint Staff

97. §156 — Legal Counsel to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

98. §161 — Combatant commands: establishment

99. §162 — Combatant commands: assigned forces; chain of command

100. §163 — Role of Chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff

101. §164 — Commanders of combatant commands: assignment; powers and duties

102. §165 — Combatant commands: administration and support

103. §166 — Combatant commands: budget proposals

104. § 166a. Combatant commands: funding through the Chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff

105. § 166b. Combatant commands: funding for combating terrorism readiness initiatives

106. §167 — Chapter 137 of this title, referred to in subsec. (e)(4)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 . For definition of “chapter 137 legacy provisions”, see section 3016 of this title .

107. §167 — Unified combatant command for special operations forces

108. § 167b. Unified combatant command for cyber operations

109. §171 — Armed Forces Policy Council

110. § 171a. Council on Oversight of the National Leadership Command, Control, and Communications System

111. §172 — Explosive safety board

112. §173 — Advisory personnel

113. §174 — Advisory personnel: research and development

114. §175 — Reserve Forces Policy Board

115. §176 — Armed Forces Institute of Pathology

116. §177 — American Registry of Pathology

117. §178 — The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine

118. §179 — Nuclear Weapons Council

119. §179 — Section 231(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(6), was redesignated as section 231(g) of this title by Pub. L. 117–263, div. A, title III, § 352(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2022 , 136 Stat. 2533 , and was subsequently redesignated as section 231(h) of this title by Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title X, § 1021(1) , Dec. 23, 2024 , 138 Stat. 2052 .

120. §179 — § 4213(c) of Pub. L. 107–314

121. §180 — Service academy athletic programs: review board

122. §181 — Joint Requirements Oversight Council

123. §182 — Center for Excellence in Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance

124. § 182a. Center for Excellence in Environmental Security

125. §183 — Department of Defense Board of Actuaries

126. § 183a. Military Aviation and Installation Assurance Clearinghouse for review of mission obstructions

127. §184 — Civilian Protection Center of Excellence

128. §185 — Joint Safety Council

129. §188 — Interagency Council on the Strategic Capability of the National Laboratories

130. §189 — Communications Security Review and Advisory Board

131. §191 — Secretary of Defense: authority to provide for common performance of supply or service activities

132. §192 — Defense Agencies and Department of Defense Field Activities: oversight by the Secretary of Defense

133. §193 — Combat support agencies: oversight

134. §194 — Limitations on personnel

135. §195 — Defense Automated Printing Service: applicability of Federal printing requirements

136. §197 — Defense Logistics Agency: fees charged for logistics information

137. §198 — Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation

138. §201 — Certain intelligence officials: consultation and concurrence regarding appointments; evaluation of performance

139. §221 — Future-years defense program: submission to Congress; consistency in budgeting

140. §222 — Future-years mission budget

141. § 222a. Unfunded priorities of the armed forces and combatant commands: annual report

142. § 222c. Armed forces: Out-Year Unconstrained Total Munitions Requirements; Out-Year inventory numbers

143. § 222d. Annual report on industrial base constraints for munitions

144. § 222e. Programs, projects, and activities that were internally changed in the submission of the President’s budget: annual report

145. § 223a. Ballistic missile defense programs: procurement

146. §226 — Special operations forces: display of service-common and other support and enabling capabilities

147. §227 — Budget justification for covered military unaccompanied housing Facilities Sustainment, Restoration, and Modernization projects

148. §229 — Programs for combating terrorism: display of budget information

149. §229 — Section 1051(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1998, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 1051(b) of Pub. L. 105–85 , which is set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31 , Money and Finance.

150. §231 — Budgeting for construction, maintenance, and modernization of naval vessels: annual plans and certifications

151. § 231a. Budgeting for life-cycle costs of aircraft for the Army, Navy, and Air Force: annual plan and certification

152. §233 — Operation and maintenance budget presentation

153. § 233a. Annual report on force structure changes exhibit for the defense budget

154. §234 — POW/MIA activities: display of budget information

155. §236 — Personal protection equipment procurement: display of budget information

156. §237 — Embedded mental health providers of the reserve components: display of budget information

157. §238 — Cyber mission forces: program elements

158. §239 — National security space programs: major force program and budget assessment

159. § 239b. Certain intelligence-related programs: budget justification materials

160. Section 231(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated as section 231(g) of this title by Pub. L. 117–263, div. A, title III, § 352(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2022 , 136 Stat. 2533 , and subsequently was redesignated as section 231(h) of this title by Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title X, § 1021(1) , Dec. 23, 2024 , 138 Stat. 2052 .

161. § 239c. Certain multiyear contracts for acquisition of property: budget justification materials

162. § 239d. Budgeting for depot and ammunition production facility maintenance and repair: annual report

163. Section 359 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(B), is section 359 of Pub. L. 116–92 , which is set out as a note under section 2476 of this title .

164. § 239e. Nuclear command, control, and communications: major force program and budget assessment

165. § 240a. Audit of Department of Defense financial statements

166. § 240b. Financial Improvement and Audit Remediation Plan

167. § 240c. Audit: consolidated corrective action plan; centralized reporting system

168. § 240d. Audits: audit of financial statements of Department of Defense components by independent external auditors

169. § 240e. Audits: use of commercial data integration and analysis products in preparing audits

170. Chapter 137 of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 . For definition of “chapter 137 legacy provisions”, see section 3016 of this title .

171. § 240f. Audits: selection of service providers for audit services

172. § 240g. Defense Business Audit Remediation Plan

173. § 240h. Annual report on auditable financial statements

174. § 240i. Annual report on unfunded priorities

175. §241 — Reference to chapters 1003, 1005, and 1007

176. §246 — Militia: composition and classes

177. §247 — Militia duty: exemptions

178. §251 — Federal aid for State governments

179. §252 — Use of militia and armed forces to enforce Federal authority

180. §253 — Interference with State and Federal law

181. §254 — Proclamation to disperse

182. §255 — Guam and Virgin Islands included as “State”

183. §261 — During war or threat to national security

184. §261 — Section 16 of the Act of March 4, 1909 ( 22 U.S.C. 463 ) does not apply to vessels armed under this section.

185. §261 — Section 262, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 10 ; Dec. 1, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–168, § 2(5) , 81 Stat. 521 , related to purpose of reserve components. See section 10102 of this title .

186. §261 — Section 263, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 11 , related to basic policy for ordering Army National Guard of the United States and Air National Guard of the United States into Federal service. See section 10103 of this title .

187. §261 — Section 264, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 11 ; Dec. 1, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–168, § 2(6) , 81 Stat. 521 ; Nov. 19, 1969 , Pub. L. 91–121, title III, § 303 , 83 Stat. 206 ; Oct. 20, 1978 , Pub. L. 95–485, title IV, § 406(a) , 92 Stat. 1616 ; Oct. 19, 1984 , Pub. L. 98–525, title XIV, § 1405(7)(A) , (B), 98 Stat. 2622 , authorized Secretaries of each armed force to designate officers to be responsible for reserve affairs and assigned responsibility for providing personnel and logistic support for reserves. See sections 10203 and 18501 of this title.

188. §261 — Section 265, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 11 , related to participation of reserve officers in preparation and administration of policies and regulations affecting reserve components. See section 10211 of this title .

189. §261 — Section 267, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 12 , related to placement and status of members of Ready Reserve, Standby Reserve, and Retired Reserve. See section 10141(a), (b) of this title.

190. §261 — Section 268, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 12 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(3) , 72 Stat. 1437 ; Dec. 1, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–168, § 2(8) , 81 Stat. 522 ; Oct. 12, 1982 , Pub. L. 97–295, § 1(5) , 96 Stat. 1289 , related to composition, organization, and structure of Ready Reserve. See sections 10142 and 10143 of this title.

191. §261 — Section 269, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 12 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(4) , 72 Stat. 1437 ; June 30, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(2)(A) , 74 Stat. 264 ; Dec. 1, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–168, § 2(9) , 81 Stat. 522 ; Oct. 20, 1978 , Pub. L. 95–485, title IV, § 405(a)(1) , 92 Stat. 1615 ; Sept. 24, 1983 , Pub. L. 98–94, title X, § 1018 , 97 Stat. 669 ; Sept. 29, 1988 , Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to placement in and transfer from Ready Reserve. See sections 10145 and 10146 of this title.

192. §261 — Section 270, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(5)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1438 ; amended Pub. L. 87–378, § 2 , Oct. 4, 1961 , 75 Stat. 807 ; Pub. L. 88–110, § 4 , Sept. 3, 1963 , 77 Stat. 136 ; Pub. L. 90–168, § 2(10) , Dec. 1, 1967 , 81 Stat. 523 ; Pub. L. 92–156, title III, § 303(a) , Nov. 17, 1971 , 85 Stat. 425 ; Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 511(7) , Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2920 ; Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(2) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 ; Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title V, § 501(b) , Nov. 29, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1435 , related to training requirements of Ready Reserve. See sections 10147 and 10148 of this title.

193. §271 — Use of information collected during military operations

194. §272 — Use of military equipment and facilities

195. §273 — Section 372 of this title , referred to in par. (1), was renumbered section 272 of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

196. §273 — Training and advising civilian law enforcement officials

197. §274 — Maintenance and operation of equipment

198. §274 — Section 372 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b)(1), was renumbered section 272 of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

199. §275 — Restriction on direct participation by military personnel

200. §276 — Support not to affect adversely military preparedness

201. §277 — Reimbursement

202. §278 — Nonpreemption of other law

203. §279 — Assignment of Coast Guard personnel to naval vessels for law enforcement purposes

204. §279 — Section 374 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (c) and (d), was renumbered section 274 of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

205. §280 — Enhancement of cooperation with civilian law enforcement officials

206. §281 — Procurement of equipment by State and local governments through the Department of Defense: equipment for counter-drug, homeland security, and emergency response activities

207. §282 — Emergency situations involving weapons of mass destruction

208. §282 — Section 372 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was renumbered section 272 of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

209. §282 — Section 377 of this title , referred to in subsec. (e), was renumbered section 277 of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

210. §283 — Section 382 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was renumbered section 282 of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

211. §283 — Situations involving bombings of places of public use, Government facilities, public transportation systems, and infrastructure facilities

212. §284 — Section 1033 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1998, referred to in subsec. (h)(1)(A)(vi)(VI), is section 1033 of Pub. L. 105–85 , div. A, title X, Nov. 18, 1997 , 111 Stat. 1881 , which is not classified to the Code.

213. §284 — Section 1206(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991, referred to subsec. (f), is section 1206(a) of Pub. L. 101–189 , which is set out as a note under section 124 of this title .

214. §284 — Section 375, referred to in subsec. (g)(2), was renumbered section 275 of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

215. §284 — Section 376 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (e) and (g)(2), was renumbered section 276 of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

216. §284 — Support for counterdrug activities and activities to counter transnational organized crime

217. §301 — Definitions

218. §301 — Section 1241(n) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, referred to in par. (4), is section 1241(n) of Pub. L. 114–328 , which is set out as a note below.

219. §311 — Exchange of defense personnel between United States and friendly foreign countries: authority

220. §312 — Payment of personnel expenses necessary for theater security cooperation

221. §313 — Bilateral or regional cooperation programs: awards and mementos to recognize superior noncombat achievements or performance

222. §321 — Training with friendly foreign countries: payment of training and exercise expenses

223. §322 — Special operations forces: training with friendly foreign forces

224. §331 — Friendly foreign countries: authority to provide support for conduct of operations

225. §332 — Friendly foreign countries; international and regional organizations: defense institution capacity building

226. §333 — Foreign security forces: authority to build capacity

227. §334 — Administrative support and payment of certain expenses for covered foreign defense personnel

228. §335 — Payment of personnel expenses necessary for participation in training program conducted by Colombia under the United States-Colombia Action Plan for Regional Security

229. §341 — Department of Defense State Partnership Program

230. §342 — Regional Centers for Security Studies

231. §343 — Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation

232. §344 — Participation in multinational centers of excellence

233. §345 — Irregular Warfare Center and Regional Defense Fellowship Program

234. §346 — Distribution to certain foreign personnel of education and training materials and information technology to enhance military interoperability with the armed forces

235. §347 — International engagement authorities for service academies

236. §348 — Aviation Leadership Program

237. §349 — Inter-American Air Forces Academy

238. §350 — Inter-European Air Forces Academy

239. §351 — Inter-American Defense College

240. §352 — Naval Small Craft Instruction and Technical Training School

241. §361 — Prohibition on providing financial assistance to terrorist countries

242. §361 — Section 6(j)(1)(A) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 ( 50 U.S.C. 4605(j)(1)(A) ), referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . For similar provisions, see section 4813(c)(1)(A)(i) of Title 50 , War and National Defense, as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

243. §362 — Prohibition on use of funds for assistance to units of foreign security forces that have committed a gross violation of human rights

244. §381 — Consolidated budget

245. §382 — Execution and administration of programs and activities

246. §383 — Assessment, monitoring, and evaluation of programs and activities

247. §384 — Department of Defense security cooperation workforce development

248. §385 — Department of Defense support for other departments and agencies of the United States Government that advance Department of Defense security cooperation objectives

249. §386 — Annual report

250. §391 — Reporting on cyber incidents with respect to networks and information systems of operationally critical contractors and certain other contractors

251. § 391a. Annual reports on support by military departments for United States Cyber Command

252. Section 1559 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023, referred to in subsecs. (h)(4) and (j)(3)(D), is section 1559 of Pub. L. 117–263 , which is set out as a note under section 2224 of this title .

253. Section 1647 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016, referred to in subsecs. (b)(10), (f)(5)(A), (h)(1), and (j)(3)(A), is section 1647 of Pub. L. 114–92 , which is set out as a note under section 2224 of this title .

254. § 391b. Strategic cybersecurity program

255. §392 — Executive agents for cyber test and training ranges

256. § 392a. Principal Cyber Advisors

257. Section 911 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is section 911 of Pub. L. 114–328 , which is set out as a note under section 111 of this title .

258. Section 932(c)(3) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(B)(ix), is section 932(c)(3) of Pub. L. 113–66 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 2224 of this title and was transferred to this section and redesignated as subsec. (a)(3) by Pub. L. 117–263, § 1501(b)(2)(A) , (B), Dec. 23, 2022 , 136 Stat. 2878 .

259. §393 — Reporting on penetrations of networks and information systems of certain contractors

260. §394 — Authorities concerning military cyber operations

261. §395 — Notification requirements for sensitive military cyber operations

262. §396 — Notification requirements for cyber weapons

263. §397 — Principal Information Operations Advisor

264. §398 — Military information support operations in information environment

265. § 398a. Pilot program for sharing cyber capabilities and related information with foreign operational partners

266. §399 — Notifications relating to military operations in the information environment: requirement to notify Chief of Mission

267. §401 — Humanitarian and civic assistance provided in conjunction with military operations

268. §402 — Transportation of humanitarian relief supplies to foreign countries

269. §404 — Foreign disaster assistance

270. §404 — Section 1. This order governs the implementation of section 404 of title 10 , United States Code, as added by amendment set forth in section 1412(a) of the Act. Pursuant to 10 U.S.C. 404(a) , the Secretary of Defense is hereby directed to provide disaster assistance outside the United States to respond to manmade or natural disasters when the Secretary of Defense determines that such assistance is necessary to prevent loss of lives. The Secretary of Defense shall exercise the notification functions required of the President by 10 U.S.C. 404(c) .

271. §405 — Use of Department of Defense funds for United States share of costs of United Nations peacekeeping activities: limitation

272. §407 — Humanitarian demining assistance and stockpiled conventional munitions assistance: authority; limitations

273. §408 — Assistance in support of Department of Defense accounting for missing United States Government personnel

274. §409 — Center for Complex Operations

275. §421 — Funds for foreign cryptologic support

276. §422 — Use of funds for certain incidental purposes

277. §423 — Authority to use proceeds from counterintelligence operations of the military departments or the Defense Intelligence Agency

278. §424 — Disclosure of organizational and personnel information: exemption for specified intelligence agencies

279. §425 — Prohibition of unauthorized use of name, initials, or seal: specified intelligence agencies

280. §426 — Integration of Department of Defense intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance capabilities

281. §427 — Conflict Records Research Center

282. §428 — Defense industrial security

283. §429 — Appropriations for Defense intelligence elements: accounts for transfers; transfer authority

284. § 429a. Expenditure of funds for Department of Defense intelligence and counterintelligence activities

285. §430 — Tactical Exploitation of National Capabilities Executive Agent

286. § 430a. Executive agent for management and oversight of alternative compensatory control measures

287. § 430b. Executive agent for open-source intelligence tools

288. § 430c. Senior intelligence oversight official

289. § 430d. Cyber intelligence capability

290. §431 — Authority to engage in commercial activities as security for intelligence collection activities

291. §432 — Use, disposition, and auditing of funds

292. §433 — Relationship with other Federal laws

293. §434 — Reservation of defenses and immunities

294. §435 — Limitations

295. §436 — Regulations

296. §437 — Congressional oversight

297. §441 — Establishment

298. §442 — Missions

299. §443 — Imagery intelligence and geospatial information: support for foreign countries, regional organizations, and security alliances

300. §444 — Support from Central Intelligence Agency

301. §451 — Maps, charts, books, and datasets

302. §452 — Pilot charts

303. §453 — Sale of maps, charts, and navigational publications: prices; use of proceeds

304. §454 — Exchange of mapping, charting, and geomatics data with foreign countries, international organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and academic institutions

305. §455 — Maps, charts, and geomatics data: public availability; exceptions

306. §456 — Civil actions barred

307. §457 — Operational files previously maintained by or concerning activities of National Photographic Interpretation Center: authority to withhold from public disclosure

308. §461 — Management rights

309. §462 — Financial assistance to certain employees in acquisition of critical skills

310. §467 — Definitions

311. §480 — Reports to Congress: submission in electronic form

312. §481 — Racial and ethnic issues; gender issues: surveys

313. § 481a. Workplace and gender relations issues: surveys of Department of Defense civilian employees

314. §482 — Readiness reports

315. §482 — Section 732(b)(1) of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019, referred to subsec. (b)(11), is section 732(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–232 , div. A, title VII, Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 1817 , which is not classified to the Code.

316. §483 — Notifications related to basing decision-making process

317. §484 — Quarterly cyber operations briefings

318. §485 — Quarterly briefings on counterterrorism operations, irregular warfare, and sensitive activities

319. §488 — Management and review of electromagnetic spectrum

320. §491 — Nuclear weapons employment strategy of the United States: reports on modification of strategy

321. §492 — Biennial assessment and report on the delivery platforms for nuclear weapons and the nuclear command and control system

322. § 492a. Biennial report on the plan for the nuclear weapons stockpile, nuclear weapons complex, nuclear weapons delivery systems, and nuclear weapons command and control system

323. § 492b. Biannual briefing on nuclear weapons and related activities

324. §493 — Reports to Congress on the modification of the force structure for the strategic nuclear weapons delivery systems of the United States

325. § 493a. Industrial base monitoring for B–21 and Sentinel programs

326. §494 — Nuclear force reductions

327. §494 — Section 1251 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2010, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(D), (2)(A), is section 1251 of Pub. L. 111–84 , which is set out as a note under section 2523 of Title 50 , War and National Defense.

328. §495 — Section 1043 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012, referred to in subsec. (a)(5), is section 1043 of Pub. L. 112–81 , Dec. 31, 2011 , 125 Stat. 1576 , which is not classified to the Code.

329. §495 — Section 1251 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2010, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b)(1), is section 1251 of Pub. L. 111–84 , which is set out as a note under section 2523 of Title 50 , War and National Defense.

330. §495 — Section 492(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), relates to biennial assessments by certain military officials of delivery platforms for nuclear weapons and the nuclear command and control system. Section 492a(a) of this title requires the President to transmit biennial reports to Congress on certain nuclear matters.

331. §495 — Strategic delivery systems

332. §496 — Consideration of expansion of nuclear forces of other countries

333. §497 — Notification required for reduction, consolidation, or withdrawal of nuclear forces based in Europe

334. § 497a. Notification required for reduction or consolidation of dual-capable aircraft based in Europe

335. §498 — Unilateral change in nuclear weapons stockpile of the United States

336. §499 — Annual assessment of cyber resiliency of nuclear command and control system

337. § 499a. Collection, storage, and sharing of data relating to nuclear security enterprise and nuclear forces

338. § 499b. Participation in United States Strategic Command strategic deterrence exercises

339. § 499c. Portfolio management framework for nuclear forces

340. §500 — Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations Executive Committee

341. § 500a. Guidance on electromagnetic spectrum operations mission area and joint electromagnetic spectrum operations

342. § 500b. Annual report on electromagnetic spectrum operations strategy of the Department of Defense

343. § 500c. Annual assessment of budget with respect to electromagnetic spectrum operations capabilities

344. § 500d. Electromagnetic spectrum superiority implementation plan

345. § 500e. Electromagnetic Spectrum Enterprise Operational Lead for Joint Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations

346. § 500f. Evaluations of abilities of armed forces and combatant commands to perform electromagnetic spectrum operations missions

347. §501 — Definition

348. §502 — Enlistment oath: who may administer

349. §503 — Enlistments: recruiting campaigns; compilation of directory information

350. §504 — Persons not qualified

351. §505 — Regular components: qualifications, term, grade

352. §506 — Regular components: extension of enlistments during war

353. §507 — Extension of enlistment for members needing medical care or hospitalization

354. §508 — Reenlistment: qualifications

355. §509 — Voluntary extension of enlistments: periods and benefits

356. §510 — Enlistment incentives for pursuit of skills to facilitate national service

357. §511 — College First Program

358. §513 — Enlistments: Delayed Entry Program

359. §514 — Bounties prohibited; substitutes prohibited

360. §515 — Reenlistment after discharge as warrant officer

361. §516 — Effect upon enlisted status of acceptance of appointment as cadet or midshipman

362. §517 — Authorized enlisted end strength: members in pay grades E–8 and E–9

363. §518 — Temporary enlistments

364. §519 — Temporary enlistments: during war or emergency

365. §520 — Limitation on enlistment and induction of persons whose score on the Armed Forces Qualification Test is below a prescribed level

366. § 520b. Applicants for enlistment: authority to use funds for the issue of authorized articles

367. § 520c. Recruiting functions: provision of meals and refreshments

368. §521 — Authority to prescribe total strengths of officers on active duty and officer strengths in various categories

369. §523 — Authorized strengths: commissioned officers on active duty in grades of major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel and Navy grades of lieutenant commander, commander, and captain

370. §525 — Distribution of commissioned officers on active duty in general officer and flag officer grades

371. §526 — Authorized strength: general officers and flag officers on active duty

372. § 526a. Renumbered § 526]

373. §527 — Authority to suspend sections 523, 525, and 526

374. §528 — Officers serving in certain intelligence positions: military status; application of distribution and strength limitations; pay and allowances

375. §531 — Original appointments of commissioned officers

376. §531 — Section 1. Assignment of Functions to the Secretary of Defense . The Secretary of Defense shall perform the functions of the President under the following provisions of title 10, United States Code:

377. §532 — Qualifications for original appointment as a commissioned officer

378. §533 — Service credit upon original appointment as a commissioned officer

379. §541 — Graduates of the United States Military, Naval, and Air Force Academies

380. §571 — Warrant officers: grades

381. §572 — Warrant officers: original appointment; service credit

382. §573 — Convening of selection boards

383. §574 — Warrant officer active-duty lists; competitive categories; number to be recommended for promotion; promotion zones

384. §575 — Recommendations for promotion by selection boards

385. §576 — Information to be furnished to selection boards; selection procedures

386. §577 — Promotions: effect of failure of selection for

387. §578 — Promotions: how made; effective date

388. §579 — Removal from a promotion list

389. §580 — Regular warrant officers twice failing of selection for promotion: involuntary retirement or separation

390. §580 — Section 286a of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (a)(4)(B), was redesignated section 2147 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 112(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4216 , and references to section 286a of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

391. §580 — Section 511 of the Career Compensation Act of 1949, referred to in subsec. (a)(6), is section 511 of act Oct. 12, 1949, ch. 681 , which was formerly set out as a note below.

392. § 580a. Enhanced authority for selective early discharges

393. §581 — Selective retirement

394. §582 — Warrant officer active-duty list: exclusions

395. §583 — Definitions

396. §583 — Section 41a of title 14 , referred to in par. (4), was redesignated section 2102 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 112(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4216 , and references to section 41a of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

397. §591 — Reference to chapters 1205 and 1207

398. §601 — Positions of importance and responsibility: generals and lieutenant generals; admirals and vice admirals

399. §601 — Section 112 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(5)(B), is classified to section 112 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

400. §602 — Flexibility in determining terms of appointment for certain senior officer positions

401. §603 — Appointments in time of war or national emergency

402. §603 — Section 1. Emergency Appointments Authority . The emergency appointments authority at section 603 of title 10 , United States Code, is invoked and made available to the Secretary of Defense in accordance with the terms of that statute and of Executive Order 12396 of December 9, 1982 [ 3 U.S.C. 301 note].

403. §604 — Senior joint officer positions: recommendations to the Secretary of Defense

404. §605 — Promotion to certain grades for officers with critical skills: colonel, lieutenant colonel, major, captain; captain, commander, lieutenant commander, lieutenant

405. §611 — Convening of selection boards

406. §612 — Composition of selection boards

407. §613 — Oath of members of selection boards

408. § 613a. Nondisclosure of board proceedings

409. §614 — Notice of convening of selection boards

410. §615 — Information furnished to selection boards

411. §616 — Recommendations for promotion by selection boards

412. §617 — Reports of selection boards

413. §618 — Action on reports of selection boards

414. §619 — Eligibility for consideration for promotion: time-in-grade and other requirements

415. § 619a. Eligibility for consideration for promotion: designation as joint qualified officer required before promotion to general or flag grade; exceptions

416. §620 — Active-duty lists

417. §621 — Competitive categories for promotion

418. §622 — Numbers to be recommended for promotion

419. §623 — Establishment of promotion zones

420. §624 — Promotions: how made

421. §625 — Authority to vacate promotions to grades of brigadier general and rear admiral (lower half)

422. §626 — Acceptance of promotions; oath of office

423. §627 — Failure of selection for promotion

424. §628 — Special selection boards

425. § 628a. Special selection review boards

426. §629 — Removal from a list of officers recommended for promotion

427. §630 — Discharge of commissioned officers with less than six years of active commissioned service or found not qualified for promotion for first lieutenant or lieutenant (junior grade)

428. §631 — Effect of failure of selection for promotion: first lieutenants and lieutenants (junior grade)

429. §632 — Effect of failure of selection for promotion: captains and majors of the Army, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Space Force and lieutenants and lieutenant commanders of the Navy

430. §633 — Retirement for years of service: regular and Space Force lieutenant colonels; regular Navy commanders

431. §634 — Retirement for years of service: regular and Space Force colonels; regular Navy captains

432. §635 — Retirement for years of service: regular and Space Force brigadier generals; regular Navy rear admirals (lower half)

433. §636 — Retirement for years of service: regular and Space Force officers in grades above brigadier general; regular Navy officers in grades above rear admiral (lower half)

434. §637 — Selection of regular officers for continuation on active duty

435. § 637a. Continuation on active duty: officers in certain military specialties and career tracks

436. §638 — Selective early retirement

437. § 638a. Modification to rules for continuation on active duty; enhanced authority for selective early retirement and early discharges

438. Section 4403 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993, referred to in subsecs. (b)(3)(C) and (e)(1), is section 4403 of Pub. L. 102–484 , which is set out as a note under section 1293 of this title .

439. § 638b. Voluntary retirement incentive

440. §639 — Continuation on active duty to complete disciplinary action

441. §640 — Deferment of retirement or separation for medical reasons

442. §641 — Applicability of chapter

443. §642 — Entitlement of officers discharged or retired under this chapter to separation pay or retired pay

444. §643 — Chaplains: discharge or retirement upon loss of professional qualifications

445. §645 — Definitions

446. §646 — Consideration of performance as a member of the Joint Staff

447. §647 — Force shaping authority

448. § 649a. Officers in designated competitive categories

449. Section 616(b) of this title shall not apply to the selection for promotion of officers described in subsection (a).

450. § 649b. Selection for promotion

451. § 649c. Eligibility for consideration for promotion

452. Section 645(1)(A)(i)(I) of this title shall not apply to the promotion of officers described in subsection (a) to the extent that such section is inconsistent with a number of opportunities for promotion specified pursuant to section 649d of this title .

453. § 649d. Opportunities for consideration for promotion

454. § 649e. Promotions

455. § 649f. Failure of selection for promotion

456. § 649g. Retirement: retirement for years of service; selective early retirement

457. § 649h. Continuation on active duty

458. § 649i. Continuation on active duty: officers in certain military specialties and career tracks

459. § 649j. Other administrative authorities

460. § 649k. Regulations

461. §651 — Members: required service

462. §652 — Notice to Congress of proposed changes in units, assignments, etc. to which female members may be assigned

463. §653 — Minimum service requirement for certain flight crew positions

464. §654 — Minimum service requirement for certain cyberspace occupational specialties

465. §655 — Designation of persons having interest in status of a missing member

466. §656 — Diversity in military leadership: plan; mentoring and career counseling program

467. §657 — Prohibition on service in the armed forces by individuals convicted of certain sexual offenses

468. §661 — Management policies for joint qualified officers

469. §662 — Promotion policy objectives for joint officers

470. §663 — Joint duty assignments after completion of joint professional military education

471. §664 — Length of joint duty assignments

472. §665 — Procedures for monitoring careers of joint qualified officers

473. §666 — Reserve officers not on the active-duty list

474. §668 — Definitions

475. §671 — Members not to be assigned outside United States before completing training

476. § 671a. Members: service extension during war

477. § 671b. Members: service extension when Congress is not in session

478. §672 — Reference to chapter 1209

479. §673 — Consideration of application for permanent change of station or unit transfer for members on active duty who are the victim of a sexual assault or related offense

480. §674 — Temporary administrative reassignment or removal of a member on active duty accused of committing a sexual assault or related offense

481. §686 — Renumbered § 12318]

482. §687 — Renumbered § 12319]

483. §688 — Retired members: authority to order to active duty; duties

484. § 688a. Authority to order to active duty in high-demand, low-density assignments

485. §689 — Retired members: grade in which ordered to active duty and upon release from active duty

486. §690 — Retired members ordered to active duty: limitation on number

487. §701 — Entitlement and accumulation

488. §702 — Cadets and midshipmen

489. §703 — Reenlistment leave

490. §704 — Use of leave; regulations

491. § 704a. Administration of leave: prohibition on authorizing, granting, or assigning leave not expressly authorized by law

492. §705 — Rest and recuperation absence: qualified members extending duty at designated locations overseas

493. § 705a. Rest and recuperation absence: certain members undergoing extended deployment to a combat zone

494. §706 — Administration of leave required to be taken

495. §707 — Payment upon disapproval of certain court-martial sentences for excess leave required to be taken

496. § 707a. Payment upon disapproval of certain board of inquiry recommendations for excess leave required to be taken

497. §708 — Educational leave of absence

498. §709 — Emergency leave of absence

499. § 709a. Expenses incurred in connection with leave canceled due to contingency operations: reimbursement

500. §710 — Career flexibility to enhance retention of members

501. §711 — Parental leave for members of certain reserve components of the armed forces

502. § 711a. American National Red Cross: detail of commissioned officers

503. §712 — Foreign governments: detail to assist

504. §713 — State Department: assignment or detail as couriers and building inspectors

505. §714 — Senior leaders of the Department of Defense and other specified persons: authority to provide protection

506. §715 — Attending Physician to the Congress: grade

507. §716 — Commissioned officers: transfers among the armed forces, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the Public Health Service

508. §717 — Members of the armed forces: participation in international sports

509. §719 — Department of Commerce: assignment or detail of members of the armed forces to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

510. §723 — Support of Federal authorities in response to civil disturbances: requirement for use of members of the Armed Forces and Federal law enforcement personnel

511. §741 — Rank: commissioned officers of the armed forces

512. §742 — Rank: warrant officers

513. §743 — Rank: Chief of Staff of the Army; Chief of Naval Operations; Chief of Staff of the Air Force; Commandant of the Marine Corps; Chief of Space Operations

514. §747 — Command: when different commands of Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Space Force, and Coast Guard join

515. §749 — Command: commissioned officers in same grade or corresponding grades on duty at same place

516. §750 — Command: retired officers

517. §771 — Unauthorized wearing prohibited

518. § 771a. Disposition on discharge

519. §772 — When wearing by persons not on active duty authorized

520. §773 — When distinctive insignia required

521. §774 — Religious apparel: wearing while in uniform

522. §775 — Issue of uniform without charge

523. §776 — Applicability of chapter

524. §777 — Wearing of insignia of higher grade before promotion (frocking): authority; restrictions

525. § 777a. Wearing of insignia of higher grade before appointment to a grade above major general or rear admiral (frocking): authority; restrictions

526. §801 — Article 1. Definitions

527. §802 — Art. 2. Persons subject to this chapter

528. §803 — Art. 3. Jurisdiction to try certain personnel

529. §804 — Art. 4. Dismissed officer’s right to trial by court-martial

530. §805 — Art. 5. Territorial applicability of this chapter

531. §806 — Art. 6. Judge advocates and legal officers

532. § 806a. Art. 6a. Investigation and disposition of matters pertaining to the fitness of military judges

533. § 806b. Art. 6b. Rights of the victim of an offense under this chapter

534. §807 — Art. 7. Apprehension

535. §808 — Art. 8. Apprehension of deserters

536. §809 — Art. 9. Imposition of restraint

537. §810 — Art. 10. Restraint of persons charged

538. §811 — Art. 11. Reports and receiving of prisoners

539. §812 — Art. 12. Prohibition of confinement of members of the armed forces with enemy prisoners and certain others

540. §813 — Art. 13. Punishment prohibited before trial

541. §814 — Art. 14. Delivery of offenders to civil authorities

542. §815 — Art. 15. Commanding officer’s non-judicial punishment

543. §816 — Art. 16. Courts-martial classified

544. §817 — Art. 17. Jurisdiction of courts-martial in general

545. §818 — Art. 18. Jurisdiction of general courts-martial

546. §819 — Art. 19. Jurisdiction of special courts-martial

547. §820 — Art. 20. Jurisdiction of summary courts-martial

548. §821 — Art. 21. Jurisdiction of courts-martial not exclusive

549. §822 — Art. 22. Who may convene general courts-martial

550. §823 — Art. 23. Who may convene special courts-martial

551. §824 — Art. 24. Who may convene summary courts-martial

552. § 824a. Art. 24a. Special trial counsel

553. §825 — Art. 25. Who may serve on courts-martial

554. §825 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 99–661 effective the earlier of (1) the last day of the 120-day period beginning on Nov. 14, 1986 ; or (2) the date specified in an Executive order for such amendment to take effect, see section 808 of Pub. L. 99–661 , set out as a note under section 802 of this title .

555. § 825a. Art. 25a. Number of court-martial members in capital cases

556. §826 — Art. 26. Military judge of a general or special court-martial

557. § 826a. Art. 26a. Military magistrates

558. §827 — Art. 27. Detail of trial counsel and defense counsel

559. §828 — Art. 28. Detail or employment of reporters and interpreters

560. §829 — Art. 29. Assembly and impaneling of members; detail of new members and military judges

561. §830 — Art. 30. Charges and specifications

562. § 830a. Art. 30a. Proceedings conducted before referral

563. §831 — Art. 31. Compulsory self-incrimination prohibited

564. §832 — Art. 32. Preliminary hearing required before referral to general court-martial

565. §833 — Art. 33. Disposition guidance

566. §834 — Art. 34. Advice to convening authority before referral for trial

567. §835 — Art. 35. Service of charges; commencement of trial

568. §836 — Art. 36. President may prescribe rules

569. §837 — Art. 37. Command influence

570. §838 — Art. 38. Duties of trial counsel and defense counsel

571. §839 — Art. 39. Sessions

572. §840 — Art. 40. Continuances

573. §841 — Art. 41. Challenges

574. §842 — Art. 42. Oaths

575. §843 — Art. 43. Statute of limitations

576. §844 — Art. 44. Former jeopardy

577. §845 — Art. 45. Pleas of the accused

578. §846 — Art. 46. Opportunity to obtain witnesses and other evidence in trials by court-martial

579. §847 — Art. 47. Refusal of person not subject to chapter to appear, testify, or produce evidence

580. §848 — Art. 48. Contempt

581. §849 — Art. 49. Depositions

582. §850 — Art. 50. Admissibility of sworn testimony from records of courts of inquiry

583. § 850a. Art. 50a. Defense of lack of mental responsibility

584. §851 — Art. 51. Voting and rulings

585. §852 — Art. 52. Votes required for conviction, sentencing, and other matters

586. §853 — Art. 53. Findings and sentencing

587. § 853a. Art. 53a. Plea agreements

588. Section 539E(e) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 539E(e) of Pub. L. 117–81 , which is set out as a note under section 856 of this title .

589. §854 — Art. 54. Record of trial

590. §855 — Art. 55. Cruel and unusual punishments prohibited

591. §856 — Art. 56. Sentencing

592. §856 — Section 539E(e) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022, referred to in subsecs. (c)(1)(E), (2)(A), (3), (d)(1)(B), is section 539E(e) of Pub. L. 117–81 , which is set out as a note below.

593. §857 — Art. 57. Effective date of sentences

594. §858 — Art. 58. Execution of confinement

595. § 858a. Art. 58a. Sentences: reduction in enlisted grade

596. § 858b. Art. 58b. Sentences: forfeiture of pay and allowances during confinement

597. §859 — Art. 59. Error of law; lesser included offense

598. §860 — Art. 60. Post-trial processing in general and special courts-martial

599. §860 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 99–661 effective the earlier of (1) the last day of the 120-day period beginning on Nov. 14, 1986 ; or (2) the date specified in an Executive order for such amendment to take effect, see section 808 of Pub. L. 99–661 , set out as a note under section 802 of this title .

600. § 860a. Art. 60a. Limited authority to act on sentence in specified post-trial circumstances

601. § 860b. Art. 60b. Post-trial actions in summary courts-martial and certain general and special courts-martial

602. § 860c. Art. 60c. Entry of judgment

603. §861 — Art. 61. Waiver of right to appeal; withdrawal of appeal

604. §862 — Art. 62. Appeal by the United States

605. §863 — Art. 63. Rehearings

606. §864 — Art. 64. Judge advocate review of finding of guilty in summary court-martial

607. §865 — Art. 65. Transmittal and review of records

608. §866 — Art. 66. Courts of Criminal Appeals

609. §867 — Art. 67. Review by the Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces

610. § 867a. Art. 67a. Review by the Supreme Court

611. §868 — Art. 68. Branch offices

612. §869 — Art. 69. Review by Judge Advocate General

613. §870 — Art. 70. Appellate counsel

614. §872 — Art. 72. Vacation of suspension

615. §873 — Art. 73. Petition for a new trial At any time within three years after the date of the entry of judgment under section 860c of this title (article 60c), the accused may petition the Judge Advocate General for a new trial on the grounds of newly discovered evidence or fraud on the court. If the accused's case is pending before a Court of Criminal Appeals or before the Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces, the Judge Advocate General shall refer the petition to the appropriate court for action. Otherwise the Judge Advocate General shall act upon the petition. (Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 63 ; Pub. L. 90–632, §2(33), Oct. 24, 1968, 82 Stat. 1342 ; Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title IX, §924(c)(1), (2), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2831 ; Pub. L. 114–328, div. E, title LIX, §5336, Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2937 .)

616. §874 — Art. 74. Remission and suspension

617. §875 — Art. 75. Restoration

618. §876 — Art. 76. Finality of proceedings, findings, and sentences The appellate review of records of trial provided by this chapter, the proceedings, findings, and sentences of courts-martial as approved, reviewed, or affirmed as required by this chapter, and all dismissals and discharges carried into execution under sentences by courts-martial following approval, review, or affirmation as required by this chapter, are final and conclusive. Orders publishing the proceedings of courts-martial and all action taken pursuant to those proceedings are binding upon all departments, courts, agencies, and officers of the United States, subject only to action upon a petition for a new trial as provided in section 873 of this title (article 73) and to action by the Secretary concerned as provided in section 874 of this title (article 74) and the authority of the President. (Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 64 .)

619. § 876a. Art. 76a. Leave required to be taken pending review of certain court-martial convictions

620. § 876b. Art. 76b. Lack of mental capacity or mental responsibility: commitment of accused for examination and treatment

621. §877 — Art. 77. Principals

622. §878 — Art. 78. Accessory after the fact

623. §879 — Art. 79. Conviction of offense charged, lesser included offenses, and attempts

624. §880 — Art. 80. Attempts

625. §881 — Art. 81. Conspiracy

626. §882 — Art. 82. Soliciting commission of offenses

627. §883 — Art. 83. Malingering

628. §884 — Art. 84. Breach of medical quarantine

629. §885 — Art. 85. Desertion

630. §886 — Art. 86. Absence without leave

631. §887 — Art. 87. Missing movement; jumping from vessel

632. § 887a. Art. 87a. Resistance, flight, breach of arrest, and escape

633. § 887b. Art. 87b. Offenses against correctional custody and restriction

634. §888 — Art. 88. Contempt toward officials

635. §889 — Art. 89. Disrespect toward superior commissioned officer; assault of superior commissioned officer

636. §890 — Art. 90. Willfully disobeying superior commissioned officer

637. §891 — Art. 91. Insubordinate conduct toward warrant officer, noncommissioned officer, or petty officer

638. §892 — Art. 92. Failure to obey order or regulation

639. §893 — Art. 93. Cruelty and maltreatment

640. § 893a. Art. 93a. Prohibited activities with military recruit or trainee by person in position of special trust

641. §894 — Art. 94. Mutiny or sedition

642. §895 — Art. 95. Offenses by sentinel or lookout

643. § 895a. Art. 95a. Disrespect toward sentinel or lookout

644. §896 — Art. 96. Release of prisoner without authority; drinking with prisoner

645. §897 — Art. 97. Unlawful detention

646. §898 — Art. 98. Misconduct as prisoner

647. §899 — Art. 99. Misbehavior before the enemy

648. §900 — Art. 100. Subordinate compelling surrender

649. §901 — Art. 101. Improper use of countersign

650. §902 — Art. 102. Forcing a safeguard

651. §903 — Art. 103. Spies

652. § 903a. Art. 103a. Espionage

653. § 903b. Art. 103b. Aiding the enemy

654. §904 — Art. 104. Public records offenses

655. § 904a. Art. 104a. Fraudulent enlistment, appointment, or separation

656. § 904b. Art. 104b. Unlawful enlistment, appointment, or separation

657. §905 — Art. 105. Forgery

658. § 905a. Art. 105a. False or unauthorized pass offenses

659. §906 — Art. 106. Impersonation of officer, noncommissioned or petty officer, or agent or official

660. § 906a. Art. 106a. Wearing unauthorized insignia, decoration, badge, ribbon, device, or lapel button

661. §907 — Art. 107. False official statements; false swearing

662. § 907a. Art. 107a. Parole violation

663. §908 — Art. 108. Military property of United States—Loss, damage, destruction, or wrongful disposition

664. § 908a. Art. 108a. Captured or abandoned property

665. §909 — Art. 109. Property other than military property of United States—Waste, spoilage, or destruction

666. § 909a. Art. 109a. Mail matter: wrongful taking, opening, etc.

667. §910 — Art. 110. Improper hazarding of vessel or aircraft

668. §911 — Art. 111. Leaving scene of vehicle accident

669. §912 — Art. 112. Drunkenness and other incapacitation offenses

670. § 912a. Art. 112a. Wrongful use, possession, etc., of controlled substances

671. §913 — Art. 113. Drunken or reckless operation of a vehicle, aircraft, or vessel

672. §914 — Art. 114. Endangerment offenses

673. §915 — Art. 115. Communicating threats

674. §916 — Art. 116. Riot or breach of peace

675. §917 — Art. 117. Provoking speeches or gestures

676. § 917a. Art. 117a. Wrongful broadcast or distribution of intimate visual images

677. §918 — Art. 118. Murder

678. §919 — Art. 119. Manslaughter

679. § 919a. Art. 119a. Death or injury of an unborn child

680. § 919b. Art. 119b. Child endangerment

681. §920 — Art. 120. Rape and sexual assault generally

682. § 920a. Art. 120a. Mails: deposit of obscene matter

683. § 920b. Art. 120b. Rape and sexual assault of a child

684. § 920c. Art. 120c. Other sexual misconduct

685. §921 — Art. 121. Larceny and wrongful appropriation

686. § 921a. Art. 121a. Fraudulent use of credit cards, debit cards, and other access devices

687. § 921b. Art. 121b. False pretenses to obtain services

688. §922 — Art. 122. Robbery

689. § 922a. Art. 122a. Receiving stolen property

690. §923 — Art. 123. Offenses concerning Government computers

691. § 923a. Art. 123a. Making, drawing, or uttering check, draft, or order without sufficient funds

692. §924 — Art. 124. Frauds against the United States

693. § 924a. Art. 124a. Bribery

694. § 924b. Art. 124b. Graft

695. §925 — Art. 125. Kidnapping

696. §926 — Art. 126. Arson; burning property with intent to defraud

697. §927 — Art. 127. Extortion

698. §928 — Art. 128. Assault

699. § 928a. Art. 128a. Maiming

700. § 928b. Art. 128b. Domestic violence

701. §929 — Art. 129. Burglary; unlawful entry

702. § 929a. Art. 129a. Omitted]

703. §930 — Art. 130. Stalking

704. §931 — Art. 131. Perjury

705. § 931a. Art. 131a. Subornation of perjury

706. § 931b. Art. 131b. Obstructing justice

707. § 931c. Art. 131c. Misprision of serious offense

708. § 931d. Art. 131d. Wrongful refusal to testify

709. § 931e. Art. 131e. Prevention of authorized seizure of property

710. § 931f. Art. 131f. Noncompliance with procedural rules

711. § 931g. Art. 131g. Wrongful interference with adverse administrative proceeding

712. §932 — Art. 132. Retaliation

713. §933 — Art. 133. Conduct unbecoming an officer

714. §934 — Art. 134. General article

715. §935 — Art. 135. Courts of inquiry

716. §936 — Art. 136. Authority to administer oaths

717. §937 — Art. 137. Articles to be explained

718. §938 — Art. 138. Complaints of wrongs

719. §939 — Art. 139. Redress of injuries to property

720. §940 — Art. 140. Delegation by the President

721. § 940a. Art. 140a. Case management; data collection and accessibility

722. §941 — Art. 141. Status

723. §942 — Art. 142. Judges

724. §943 — Art. 143. Organization and employees

725. §944 — Art. 144. Procedure

726. §945 — Art. 145. Annuities for judges and survivors

727. §945 — Section 301(a)(2) and (d) of the Federal Employees’ Retirement System Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (h), is section 301(a)(2) and (d) of Pub. L. 99–335 , which is set out in a note under section 8331 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

728. §946 — Art. 146. Military Justice Review Panel

729. §946 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the Panel.

730. § 946a. Art. 146a. Annual reports

731. § 948a. Definitions

732. § 948b. Military commissions generally

733. Section 1. Establishment of Military Commissions . There are hereby established military commissions to try alien unlawful enemy combatants for offenses triable by military commission as provided in chapter 47A of title 10.

734. § 948c. Persons subject to military commissions

735. § 948d. Jurisdiction of military commissions

736. § 948h. Who may convene military commissions

737. § 948i. Who may serve on military commissions

738. § 948j. Military judge of a military commission

739. § 948k. Detail of trial counsel and defense counsel

740. § 948l. Detail or employment of reporters and interpreters

741. § 948m. Number of members; excuse of members; absent and additional members

742. § 948q. Charges and specifications

743. § 948r. Exclusion of statements obtained by torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment; prohibition of self-incrimination; admission of other statements of the accused

744. § 948s. Service of charges

745. § 949a. Rules

746. § 949b. Unlawfully influencing action of military commission and United States Court of Military Commission Review

747. § 949c. Duties of trial counsel and defense counsel

748. § 949d. Sessions

749. § 949e. Continuances

750. § 949f. Challenges

751. § 949g. Oaths

752. § 949h. Former jeopardy

753. § 949i. Pleas of the accused

754. § 949j. Opportunity to obtain witnesses and other evidence

755. § 949k. Defense of lack of mental responsibility

756. § 949l. Voting and rulings

757. § 949m. Number of votes required

758. § 949n. Military commission to announce action

759. § 949o. Record of trial

760. § 949s. Cruel or unusual punishments prohibited

761. § 949t. Maximum limits

762. § 949u. Execution of confinement

763. § 950a. Error of law; lesser included offense

764. § 950b. Review by the convening authority

765. § 950c. Appellate referral; waiver or withdrawal of appeal

766. § 950d. Interlocutory appeals by the United States

767. § 950e. Rehearings

768. § 950f. Review by United States Court of Military Commission Review

769. § 950g. Review by United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit; writ of certiorari to Supreme Court

770. § 950h. Appellate counsel

771. § 950i. Execution of sentence; suspension of sentence

772. § 950j. Finality of proceedings, findings, and sentences

773. § 950p. Definitions; construction of certain offenses; common circumstances

774. § 950q. Principals

775. § 950r. Accessory after the fact

776. § 950s. Conviction of lesser offenses

777. § 950t. Crimes triable by military commission

778. Section 950t, added Pub. L. 109–366, § 3(a)(1) , Oct. 17, 2006 , 120 Stat. 2625 , related to attempts to commit any offense punishable by this chapter.

779. Section 950u, added Pub. L. 109–366, § 3(a)(1) , Oct. 17, 2006 , 120 Stat. 2625 , related to solicitation.

780. Section 950v, added Pub. L. 109–366, § 3(a)(1) , Oct. 17, 2006 , 120 Stat. 2625 , related to definitions, construction, and crimes triable by military commissions.

781. Section 950w, added Pub. L. 109–366, § 3(a)(1) , Oct. 17, 2006 , 120 Stat. 2630 , related to perjury, obstruction of justice, and contempt.

782. §951 — Establishment; organization; administration

783. §952 — Parole

784. §953 — Remission or suspension of sentence; restoration to duty; reenlistment

785. §954 — Voluntary extension; probation

786. §955 — Prisoners transferred to or from foreign countries

787. §956 — Deserters, prisoners, members absent without leave: expenses and rewards

788. §971 — Service credit: officers may not count service performed while serving as cadet or midshipman

789. §972 — Members: effect of time lost

790. §973 — Duties: officers on active duty; performance of civil functions restricted

791. §974 — Military musical units and musicians: performance policies; restriction on performance in competition with local civilian musicians

792. §976 — Membership in military unions, organizing of military unions, and recognition of military unions prohibited

793. §977 — Conversion of military medical and dental positions to civilian medical and dental positions: limitation

794. §978 — Drug and alcohol abuse and dependency: testing of new entrants

795. §979 — Prohibition on loan and grant assistance to persons convicted of certain crimes

796. §980 — Limitation on use of humans as experimental subjects

797. §981 — Limitation on number of enlisted aides

798. §982 — Members: service on State and local juries

799. §983 — Institutions of higher education that prevent ROTC access or military recruiting on campus: denial of grants and contracts from Department of Defense, Department of Education, and certain other departments and agencies

800. §983 — Section 654 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–321, § 2(f)(1)(A) , Dec. 22, 2010 , 124 Stat. 3516 .

801. §985 — Persons convicted of capital crimes; certain other persons: denial of specified burial-related benefits

802. §986 — Policy regarding identification of gender or personal pronouns in official correspondence

803. §987 — Terms of consumer credit extended to members and dependents: limitations

804. §988 — Prohibition on ownership or trading of stocks in certain companies by certain officials of the Department of Defense

805. §988 — Section 102(f)(8) of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 102(f)(8) of Pub. L. 95–521 , which was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and was repealed and restated as section 13104(f)(8) of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286 , §§ 3(c), (7), Dec. 27, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4284 , 4361.

806. §989 — Prohibition on former members of the armed forces accepting post-service employment with certain foreign governments

807. §991 — Management of deployments of members and measurement and data collection of unit operating and personnel tempo

808. §992 — Financial literacy training: financial services

809. §993 — Notification of permanent reduction of sizable numbers of members of the armed forces

810. §994 — Military working dogs: veterinary care for retired military working dogs

811. §995 — Accountability for contractors using military working dogs

812. §1001 — Reference to chapter 1219

813. §1030 — Bonus to encourage Department of Defense personnel to refer persons for appointment as officers to serve in health professions

814. §1031 — Administration of oath

815. §1032 — Disability and death compensation: dependents of members held as captives

816. §1033 — Participation in management of specified non-Federal entities: authorized activities

817. §1034 — Protected communications; prohibition of retaliatory personnel actions

818. §1034 — Section 5 of the Inspector General Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(B), is section 5 of Pub. L. 95–452 , which was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and was repealed and restated as section 405 of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286 , §§ 3(b), 7, Dec. 27, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4212 , 4361.

819. §1035 — Deposits of savings

820. §1037 — Counsel before foreign judicial tribunals and administrative agencies; court costs and bail

821. §1038 — Service credit: certain service in Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps

822. §1039 — Crediting of minority service

823. §1040 — Transportation of dependent patients

824. §1041 — Replacement of certificate of discharge

825. §1042 — Copy of certificate of service

826. §1043 — Service credit: service in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or the Public Health Service

827. §1044 — Legal assistance

828. § 1044a. Authority to act as notary

829. § 1044b. Military powers of attorney: requirement for recognition by States

830. § 1044c. Advance medical directives of members and dependents: requirement for recognition by States

831. § 1044d. Military testamentary instruments: requirement for recognition by States

832. § 1044e. Special Victims’ Counsel for victims of sex-related offenses

833. § 1044f. Policies with respect to special trial counsel

834. §1045 — Voluntary withholding of State income tax from retired or retainer pay

835. §1046 — Overseas temporary foster care program

836. §1047 — Allowance for civilian clothing

837. §1048 — Gratuity payment to persons discharged for fraudulent enlistment

838. §1049 — Subsistence: miscellaneous persons

839. §1052 — Adoption expenses: reimbursement

840. §1053 — Financial institution charges incurred because of Government error in direct deposit of pay: reimbursement

841. §1054 — Defense of certain suits arising out of legal malpractice

842. §1055 — Waiver of security deposits for members renting private housing; authority to indemnify landlord

843. §1056 — Relocation assistance programs

844. § 1056a. Reintegration of recovered Department of Defense personnel; post-isolation support activities for other recovered personnel

845. §1057 — Use of armed forces insignia on State license plates

846. §1058 — Responsibilities of military law enforcement officials at scenes of domestic violence

847. §1059 — Dependents of members separated for dependent abuse: transitional compensation; commissary and exchange benefits; lodging expenses

848. §1060 — Military service of retired members with newly democratic nations: consent of Congress

849. Chapter 137 of this title, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 . For definition of “chapter 137 legacy provisions”, see section 3016 of this title .

850. § 1060a. Special supplemental food program

851. § 1060b. Military ID cards: dependents and survivors of retirees

852. § 1060c. Provision of veterinary services

853. §1061 — Survivors of certain Reserve and Guard members

854. §1062 — Certain former spouses and surviving spouses

855. §1063 — Use of commissary stores and MWR retail facilities: members of reserve components and reserve retirees under age 60

856. §1064 — Section 1063(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was redesignated section 1063(f) of this title by Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVII , 1722(h)(2), Dec. 22, 2023 , 137 Stat. 672 .

857. §1064 — Use of commissary stores and MWR retail facilities: members of National Guard serving in federally declared disaster or national emergency

858. §1065 — Section 1063(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (h)(1)(A), was redesignated section 1063(f) of this title by Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVII , 1722(h)(2), Dec. 22, 2023 , 137 Stat. 672 .

859. §1065 — Use of commissary stores and MWR facilities: certain veterans, caregivers for veterans, and Foreign Service officers

860. §1066 — Use of commissary stores and MWR facilities: protective services civilian employees

861. §1071 — Purpose of this chapter

862. §1072 — Definitions

863. §1073 — Administration of this chapter

864. § 1073a. Contracts for health care: best value contracting

865. § 1073b. Recurring reports and publication of certain data

866. Section 728 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 728 of Pub. L. 114–328 , which amended this section and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 1071 of this title .

867. § 1073c. Administration of Defense Health Agency and military medical treatment facilities

868. § 1073d. Military medical treatment facilities

869. Section 706 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is section 706 of Pub. L. 114–328 , which is set out as a note under section 1096 of this title .

870. § 1073e. Protection of armed forces from infectious diseases

871. Section 231(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was redesignated as section 231(g) of this title by Pub. L. 117–263, div. A, title III, § 352(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2022 , 136 Stat. 2533 , and subsequently was redesignated as section 231(h) of this title by Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title X, § 1021(1) , Dec. 23, 2024 , 138 Stat. 2052 .

872. § 1073f. Health care fraud and abuse prevention program

873. §1074 — Medical and dental care for members and certain former members

874. § 1074a. Medical and dental care: members on duty other than active duty for a period of more than 30 days

875. § 1074b. Medical and dental care: Academy cadets and midshipmen; members of, and designated applicants for membership in, Senior ROTC

876. § 1074c. Medical care: authority to provide a wig

877. § 1074d. Certain primary and preventive health care services

878. § 1074e. Medical care: certain Reserves who served in Southwest Asia during the Persian Gulf Conflict

879. Section 702 of the Persian Gulf War Veterans’ Health Status Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B), is section 702 of Pub. L. 102–585 , which is set out as a note under section 527 of Title 38 , Veterans’ Benefits.

880. Section 721(d) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1995, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A), is section 721(d) of Pub. L. 103–337 , which is set out as a note under section 1074 of this title .

881. § 1074f. Medical tracking system for members deployed overseas

882. § 1074g. Pharmacy benefits program

883. Section 715 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), is section 715 of Pub. L. 114–92 , which is set out as a note under this section.

884. § 1074h. Medical and dental care: medal of honor recipients; dependents

885. § 1074i. Reimbursement for certain travel expenses

886. § 1074j. Sub-acute care program

887. § 1074k. Long-term care insurance

888. § 1074l. Notification to Congress of hospitalization of combat wounded members

889. § 1074m. Mental health assessments for members of the armed forces deployed in support of a contingency operation

890. § 1074n. Annual mental health assessments for members of the armed forces

891. § 1074o. Provision of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for certain members

892. §1075 — TRICARE Select

893. § 1075a. TRICARE Prime: cost sharing

894. §1076 — Chapter 67 of this title as in effect before December 1, 1994 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), means chapter 67 (§ 1331 et seq.) of this title prior to its transfer to part II of subtitle E of this title, its renumbering as chapter 1223, and its general revision by section 1662(j)(1) of Pub. L. 103–337 . A new chapter 67 (§ 1331) of this title was added by section 1662(j)(7) of Pub. L. 103–337 .

895. §1076 — Medical and dental care for dependents: general rule

896. § 1076a. TRICARE dental program

897. § 1076c. Dental insurance plan: certain retirees and their surviving spouses and other dependents

898. § 1076d. TRICARE program: TRICARE Reserve Select coverage for members of the Selected Reserve

899. § 1076e. TRICARE program: TRICARE Retired Reserve coverage for certain members of the Retired Reserve who are qualified for a non-regular retirement but are not yet age 60

900. § 1076f. TRICARE program: extension of coverage for certain members of the National Guard and dependents during certain disaster response duty

901. §1077 — Medical care for dependents: authorized care in facilities of uniformed services

902. § 1077a. Access to military medical treatment facilities and other facilities

903. §1078 — Medical and dental care for dependents: charges

904. § 1078a. Continued health benefits coverage

905. § 1078b. Provision of food to certain members and dependents not receiving inpatient care in military medical treatment facilities

906. §1079 — Contracts for medical care for spouses and children: plans

907. § 1079a. TRICARE program: treatment of refunds and other amounts collected

908. § 1079b. Procedures for charging fees for care provided to civilians; retention and use of fees collected

909. § 1079c. Provisional coverage for emerging services and supplies

910. §1080 — Contracts for medical care for spouses and children: election of facilities

911. §1081 — Contracts for medical care for spouses and children: review and adjustment of payments

912. §1082 — Contracts for health care: advisory committees

913. §1083 — Contracts for medical care for spouses and children: additional hospitalization

914. §1084 — Determinations of dependency

915. §1085 — Medical and dental care from another executive department: reimbursement

916. §1086 — Contracts for health benefits for certain members, former members, and their dependents

917. §1086 — Section 1079(i) of this title shall apply to a plan contracted for under this section, except that no person eligible for health benefits under this section may be denied benefits under this section with respect to care or treatment for any service-connected disability which is compensable under chapter 11 of title 38 solely on the basis that such person is entitled to care or treatment for such disability in facilities of the Department of Veterans Affairs.

918. § 1086a. Certain former spouses: extension of period of eligibility for health benefits

919. § 1086b. Prohibition against requiring retired members to receive health care solely through the Department of Defense

920. §1087 — Programing facilities for certain members, former members, and their dependents in construction projects of the uniformed services

921. §1088 — Air evacuation patients: furnished subsistence

922. §1089 — Defense of certain suits arising out of medical malpractice

923. §1090 — Identifying and treating drug and alcohol dependence

924. § 1090a. Identifying and treating eating disorders

925. § 1090b. Commanding officer and supervisor referrals of members for mental health evaluations

926. §1091 — Personal services contracts

927. §1091 — Section 2304 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , §§ 1801(d), 1881(a), Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4151 , 4293, effective Jan. 1, 2022 , with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law. Subsecs. (a) to ( l ) of section 2304 were transferred to various provisions in chapter 221 of this title, with the same effective date and conditions, by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1811(c)(2) –(5), (d)(2)–(9), Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4165–4170 .

928. § 1091a. Identification in patient medical records of affiliation of certain non-Department of Defense health care providers

929. §1092 — Studies and demonstration projects relating to delivery of health and medical care

930. § 1092a. Persons entering the armed forces: baseline health data

931. §1093 — Performance of abortions: restrictions

932. §1093 — Section 1093 of title 10 of the United States Code prohibits the use of Department of Defense (“DOD”) funds to perform abortions except where the life of a woman would be endangered if the fetus were carried to term. By memoranda of December 21, 1987 , and June 21, 1988 , DOD has gone beyond what I am informed are the requirements of the statute and has banned all abortions at U.S. military facilities, even where the procedure is privately funded. This ban is unwarranted. Accordingly, I hereby direct that you reverse the ban immediately and permit abortion services to be provided, if paid for entirely with non-DOD funds and in accordance with other relevant DOD policies and procedures.

933. §1094 — Licensure requirement for health-care professionals

934. § 1094a. Continuing medical education requirements: system for monitoring physician compliance

935. §1095 — Health care services incurred on behalf of covered beneficiaries: collection from third-party payers

936. §1095 — Section 1079(j) of this title , referred to in subsec. (k)(1), (5), was redesignated section 1079(i) of this title by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title VII, § 703(a)(3) , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3411 .

937. § 1095a. Medical care: members held as captives and their dependents

938. § 1095b. TRICARE program: contractor payment of certain claims

939. § 1095c. TRICARE program: facilitation of processing of claims

940. § 1095d. TRICARE program: waiver of certain deductibles

941. § 1095e. TRICARE program: beneficiary counseling and assistance coordinators

942. § 1095f. TRICARE program: referrals and preauthorizations under TRICARE Prime

943. § 1095g. TRICARE program: waiver of recoupment of erroneous payments caused by administrative error

944. §1096 — Military-civilian health services partnership program

945. §1097 — Contracts for medical care for retirees, dependents, and survivors: alternative delivery of health care

946. § 1097a. TRICARE Prime: automatic enrollments

947. § 1097b. TRICARE program: financial management

948. Section 1079(j) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was redesignated section 1079(i) of this title by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title VII, § 703(a)(3) , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3411 .

949. Section 5000 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (f)(2), is classified to section 5000 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

950. § 1097c. TRICARE program: relationship with employer-sponsored group health plans

951. § 1097d. TRICARE program: notice of change to benefits

952. §1098 — Incentives for participation in cost-effective health care plans

953. §1099 — Health care enrollment system and payment options

954. §1100 — Defense Health Program Account

955. §1101 — Resource allocation methods: capitation or diagnosis-related groups

956. §1102 — Confidentiality of medical quality assurance records: qualified immunity for participants

957. §1103 — Contracts for medical and dental care: State and local preemption

958. §1104 — Sharing of health-care resources with the Department of Veterans Affairs

959. § 1104a. Shared medical facilities with Department of Veterans Affairs

960. §1105 — Specialized treatment facility program

961. §1106 — Submittal of claims: standard form; time limits

962. §1107 — Notice of use of an investigational new drug or a drug unapproved for its applied use

963. §1107 — Section 1. Policy . Military personnel deployed in particular military operations could potentially be exposed to a range of chemical, biological, and radiological weapons as well as diseases endemic to an area of operations. It is the policy of the United States Government to provide our military personnel with safe and effective vaccines, antidotes, and treatments that will negate or minimize the effects of these health threats.

964. § 1107a. Emergency use products

965. Section 564 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, referred to in text, is classified to section 360bbb–3 of Title 21 , Food and Drugs.

966. §1108 — Health care coverage through Federal Employees Health Benefits program: demonstration project

967. §1108 — Section 1896 of the Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(3), was classified to section 1395ggg of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, and was omitted from the Code.

968. §1109 — Organ and tissue donor program

969. §1110 — System for tracking and recording vaccine information; anthrax vaccine immunization program

970. § 1110a. Notification of certain individuals regarding options for enrollment under Medicare part B

971. Section 2714 of the Public Health Service Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is classified to section 300gg–14 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

972. Section 5000A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is classified to section 5000A of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

973. § 1110b. TRICARE program: extension of dependent coverage

974. §1111 — Establishment and purpose of Fund; definitions; authority to enter into agreements

975. §1112 — Assets of Fund

976. §1113 — Payments from the Fund

977. §1114 — Board of Actuaries

978. §1115 — Determination of contributions to the Fund

979. §1116 — Payments into the Fund

980. §1117 — Investment of assets of Fund

981. §1121 — Legion of Merit: award

982. §1122 — Medal for Merit: award

983. §1123 — Right to wear badges of military societies

984. §1124 — Cash awards for disclosures, suggestions, inventions, and scientific achievements

985. §1124 — Section 1. Any suggestion, invention, or scientific achievement by a member of the armed forces that contributes to the efficiency, economy, or other improvement of operations of the Government of the United States through its adoption or use by an executive department or agency other than the executive department having jurisdiction over the armed force of the member concerned may be the basis for honorary recognition or a cash award by the Secretary of Homeland Security in the case of a member of the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy or by the Secretary of Defense in the case of any other member of the armed forces.

986. § 1124a. Cyber operations-peculiar awards

987. §1125 — Recognition for accomplishments: award of trophies

988. §1125 — Section 1. There is hereby established a Defense Distinguished Service Medal, with accompanying ribbons and appurtenances, for award by the Secretary of Defense to a member of the Armed Forces of the United States who performed exceptionally meritorious service in a duty of great responsibility with the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Organization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, a specified or unified command, a Defense agency, or such other joint activity as may be designated by the Secretary of Defense.

989. §1126 — Gold star lapel button: eligibility and distribution

990. §1127 — Precedence of the award of the Purple Heart

991. §1128 — Prisoner-of-war medal: issue

992. §1129 — Purple Heart: members killed or wounded in action by friendly fire

993. § 1129a. Purple Heart: members killed or wounded in attacks by foreign terrorist organizations

994. §1130 — Consideration of proposals for decorations not previously submitted in timely fashion: procedures for review

995. §1131 — Purple Heart: limitation to members of the armed forces

996. §1132 — Presentation of decorations: prohibition on entering correctional facilities for presentation to prisoners convicted of serious violent felonies

997. §1133 — Bronze Star: limitation on persons eligible to receive

998. §1134 — Medal of honor: award to individual interred in Tomb of the Unknowns as representative of casualties of a war

999. § 1134a. Medal of honor: Army, Navy, Air Force, and Coast Guard Medal of Honor Roll

1000. §1135 — Replacement of military decorations

1001. §1136 — Honorable service requirement for award of military decorations

1002. §1141 — Involuntary separation defined

1003. §1142 — Preseparation counseling; transmittal of certain records to Department of Veterans Affairs

1004. §1143 — Employment assistance

1005. §1144 — Employment assistance, job training assistance, and other transitional services: Department of Labor

1006. §1144 — Section 408 of Public Law 101–237 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is set out as a note under section 4100 of Title 38 , Veterans’ Benefits.

1007. §1145 — Health benefits

1008. §1146 — Commissary and exchange benefits

1009. §1147 — Use of military family housing

1010. §1148 — Relocation assistance for personnel overseas

1011. §1149 — Excess leave and permissive temporary duty

1012. §1150 — Affiliation with Guard and Reserve units: waiver of certain limitations

1013. §1151 — Retention of assistive technology and services provided before separation

1014. §1152 — Assistance to eligible members and former members to obtain employment with law enforcement agencies

1015. §1153 — Assistance to separated members to obtain employment with health care providers

1016. §1154 — Assistance to eligible members and former members to obtain employment as teachers: Troops-to-Teachers Program

1017. §1155 — Statement of benefits

1018. §1161 — Commissioned officers: limitations on dismissal

1019. §1164 — Warrant officers: separation for age

1020. §1165 — Regular warrant officers: separation during three-year probationary period

1021. §1166 — Regular warrant officers: elimination for unfitness or unsatisfactory performance

1022. §1166 — Section 286a of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated section 2147 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 112(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4216 , and references to section 286a of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

1023. §1166 — Section 511 of the Career Compensation Act of 1949, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 511 of act Oct. 12, 1949, ch. 681 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 580 of this title .

1024. §1167 — Members under confinement by sentence of court-martial: separation after six months confinement

1025. §1168 — Discharge or release from active duty: limitations

1026. §1169 — Regular enlisted members: limitations on discharge

1027. §1170 — Regular enlisted members: minority discharge

1028. §1171 — Regular enlisted members: early discharge

1029. §1172 — Enlisted members: during war or emergency; discharge

1030. §1173 — Enlisted members: discharge for hardship

1031. §1174 — Chapter 24 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (h)(2), is classified generally to chapter 24 (§ 3401 et seq.) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

1032. §1174 — Separation pay upon involuntary discharge or release from active duty

1033. Section 503(c) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1991, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B), is section 503(c) of Pub. L. 101–510 , div. A, title V, Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1558 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 476 of Title 37 , Pay and Allowances of the Uniformed Services, prior to transfer and is now set out as a note under section 453 of Title 37 .

1034. § 1174a. Special separation benefits programs

1035. §1175 — Section 503(c) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1991, referred to in subsec. (j), is section 503(c) of Pub. L. 101–510 , div. A, title V, Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1558 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 476 of Title 37 , Pay and Allowances of the Uniformed Services, prior to transfer and is now set out as a note under section 453 of Title 37 .

1036. §1175 — Voluntary separation incentive

1037. Chapter 24 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (h)(2)(A), is classified generally to chapter 24 (§ 3401 et seq.) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

1038. § 1175a. Voluntary separation pay and benefits

1039. §1176 — Enlisted members: retention after completion of 18 or more, but less than 20, years of service

1040. §1177 — Members diagnosed with or reasonably asserting post-traumatic stress disorder or traumatic brain injury: medical examination required before administrative separation

1041. §1178 — System and procedures for tracking separations resulting from refusal to participate in anthrax vaccine immunization program

1042. §1181 — Authority to establish procedures to consider the separation of officers for substandard performance of duty and for certain other reasons

1043. §1182 — Boards of inquiry

1044. §1184 — Removal of officer: action by Secretary upon recommendation of board of inquiry

1045. §1185 — Rights and procedures

1046. §1186 — Officer considered for removal: voluntary retirement or discharge

1047. §1187 — Officers eligible to serve on boards

1048. §1201 — Regulars and members on active duty for more than 30 days: retirement

1049. §1202 — Regulars and members on active duty for more than 30 days: temporary disability retired list

1050. §1203 — Regulars and members on active duty for more than 30 days: separation

1051. §1204 — Members on active duty for 30 days or less or on inactive-duty training: retirement

1052. §1205 — Members on active duty for 30 days or less: temporary disability retired list

1053. §1206 — Members on active duty for 30 days or less or on inactive-duty training: separation

1054. § 1206a. Reserve component members unable to perform duties when ordered to active duty: disability system processing

1055. §1207 — Disability from intentional misconduct or willful neglect: separation

1056. § 1207a. Members with over eight years of active service: eligibility for disability retirement for pre-existing conditions

1057. §1208 — Computation of service

1058. §1209 — Transfer to inactive status list instead of separation

1059. §1210 — Members on temporary disability retired list: periodic physical examination; final determination of status

1060. §1211 — Members on temporary disability retired list: return to active duty; promotion

1061. §1212 — Disability severance pay

1062. §1213 — Effect of separation on benefits and claims

1063. §1214 — Right to full and fair hearing

1064. § 1214a. Members determined fit for duty in Physical Evaluation Board: prohibition on involuntary administrative separation or denial of reenlistment due to unsuitability based on medical conditions considered in evaluation

1065. §1215 — Members other than Regulars: applicability of laws

1066. §1216 — Secretaries: powers, functions, and duties

1067. §1216 — Section 1. The terms “uniformed services” and “Secretary” as used in these regulations shall have the meaning prescribed therefor by subsections (a) and (f), respectively, of section 102 of the Career Compensation Act of 1949 [section 101(3) and (5) of Title 37, Pay and Allowances of the Uniformed Services].

1068. § 1216a. Determinations of disability: requirements and limitations on determinations

1069. §1217 — Academy cadets and midshipmen: applicability of chapter

1070. §1218 — Discharge or release from active duty: claims for compensation, pension, or hospitalization

1071. § 1218a. Discharge or release from active duty: transition assistance for reserve component members injured while on active duty

1072. §1219 — Statement of origin of disease or injury: limitations

1073. §1221 — Effective date of retirement or placement of name on temporary disability retired list

1074. §1222 — Physical evaluation boards

1075. §1251 — Age 62: regular commissioned officers in grades below general and flag officer grades; exceptions

1076. §1252 — Age 64: permanent professors at academies

1077. §1253 — Age 64: regular commissioned officers in general and flag officer grades; exceptions

1078. §1263 — Age 62: warrant officers

1079. §1263 — Section 511 of the Career Compensation Act of 1949, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 511 of act Oct. 12, 1949, ch. 681 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 580 of this title .

1080. §1275 — Computation of retired pay: law applicable

1081. §1293 — Section 511 of the Career Compensation Act of 1949, referred to in text, is section 511 of act Oct. 12, 1949, ch. 681 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 580 of this title .

1082. §1293 — Twenty years or more: warrant officers

1083. §1305 — Section 511 of the Career Compensation Act of 1949, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 511 of act Oct. 12, 1949, ch. 681 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 580 of this title .

1084. §1305 — Thirty years or more: regular warrant officers

1085. §1315 — Computation of retired pay: law applicable

1086. §1331 — Reference to chapter 1223

1087. §1370 — Regular commissioned officers

1088. § 1370a. Officers entitled to retired pay for non-regular service

1089. §1371 — Warrant officers: general rule

1090. §1372 — Grade on retirement for physical disability: members of armed forces

1091. §1373 — Higher grade for later physical disability: retired officers recalled to active duty

1092. §1375 — Entitlement to commission: commissioned officers advanced on retired list

1093. §1376 — Temporary disability retired lists

1094. §1401 — Computation of retired pay

1095. § 1401a. Adjustment of retired pay and retainer pay to reflect changes in Consumer Price Index

1096. Section 322 of title 37 (as in effect before the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008), referred to in subsec. (b)(3), and section 322 of title 37 (as in effect before January 28, 2008 ), referred to in subsecs. (d) and (e), mean section 322 of title 37 as in effect before enactment of Pub. L. 110–181 on January 28, 2008 . Section 322 of title 37 was renumbered as section 354 of title 37 and amended by Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title VI, § 661(b)(1) , (2), Jan. 28, 2008 , 122 Stat. 178 .

1097. §1402 — Recomputation of retired or retainer pay to reflect later active duty of members who first became members before September 8, 1980

1098. § 1402a. Recomputation of retired or retainer pay to reflect later active duty of members who first became members after September 7, 1980

1099. §1403 — Disability retired pay: treatment under Internal Revenue Code of 1986

1100. §1404 — Applicability of section 8301 of title 5

1101. §1405 — Years of service

1102. §1406 — Retired pay base for members who first became members before September 8, 1980 : final basic pay

1103. §1406 — Section 1370(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (i)(2)(B), was repealed and new sections 1370 and 1370a were enacted by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title V, § 508(a)(1) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 3580 . For provisions stating that in determining retired grade of certain commissioned officers of the Armed Forces who retire after Jan. 1, 2021 , any reference to section 1370 of title 10 in such determination with respect to such officers is deemed to be a reference to section 1370a of title 10 , see section 508(c) of Pub. L. 116–283 , set out as a note under section 1370 of this title .

1104. §1406 — Section 423 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (f), was redesignated section 2504 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 114(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4223 , and references to section 423 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

1105. §1407 — Retired pay base for members who first became members after September 7, 1980 : high-36 month average

1106. § 1407a. Retired pay base: officers retired in general or flag officer grades

1107. §1408 — Payment of retired or retainer pay in compliance with court orders

1108. §1409 — Retired pay multiplier

1109. §1409 — Section 322 of title 37 (as in effect before the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008), referred to in subsec. (b)(2), means section 322 of title 37 as in effect before enactment of Pub. L. 110–181 . Section 322 of title 37 was renumbered as section 354 of title 37 and amended by Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title VI, § 661(b)(1) , (2), Jan. 28, 2008 , 122 Stat. 178 .

1110. §1410 — Restoral of full retirement amount at age 62 for certain members entering on or after August 1, 1986

1111. §1410 — Section 322 of title 37 (as in effect before the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008), referred to in text, means section 322 of title 37 as in effect before enactment of Pub. L. 110–181 . Section 322 of title 37 was renumbered as section 354 of title 37 and amended by Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title VI, § 661(b)(1) , (2), Jan. 28, 2008 , 122 Stat. 178 .

1112. §1411 — Rules of construction

1113. §1412 — Administrative provisions

1114. § 1413a. Combat-related special compensation

1115. §1414 — Members eligible for retired pay who are also eligible for veterans’ disability compensation for disabilities rated 50 percent or higher: concurrent payment of retired pay and veterans’ disability compensation

1116. §1415 — Lump sum payment of certain retired pay

1117. §1431 — Election of annuity: members of armed forces

1118. §1431 — Section 1 of Pub. L. 95–397 , Sept. 30, 1978 , 92 Stat. 843 , provided: “That this Act [amending sections 1076, 1331 [now 12731], 1434, and 1447 to 1452 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 1076, 1434, 1447, and 1448 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Uniformed Services Survivors’ Benefits Amendments of 1978’.”

1119. §1432 — Election of annuity: former members of armed forces

1120. §1433 — Mental incompetency of member

1121. §1434 — Kinds of annuities that may be elected

1122. §1435 — Eligible beneficiaries

1123. §1436 — Computation of reduction in retired pay; withdrawal for severe financial hardship

1124. § 1436a. Coverage paid up at 30 years and age 70

1125. §1437 — Payment of annuity

1126. §1438 — Deposits for amounts not deducted

1127. §1439 — Refund of amounts deducted from retired pay

1128. §1440 — Annuities not subject to legal process

1129. §1441 — Annuities in addition to other payments

1130. §1442 — Recovery of annuity erroneously paid

1131. §1444 — Regulations; determinations

1132. § 1444a. Regulations regarding payment of annuity to a representative payee

1133. §1445 — Correction of administrative deficiencies

1134. §1446 — Restriction on participation

1135. §1447 — Chapter 67 of this title as in effect before the effective date of the Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act, referred to in par. (5), means chapter 67 (§ 1331 et seq.) of this title prior to its transfer to part II of subtitle E of this title, its renumbering as chapter 1223, and its general revision by section 1662(j)(1) of Pub. L. 103–337 . A new chapter 67 (§ 1331) of this title was added by section 1662(j)(7) of Pub. L. 103–337 . For effective date of the Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act ( Pub. L. 103–337, title XVI ), see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337 , set out as an Effective Date note under section 10001 of this title .

1136. §1447 — Definitions

1137. §1448 — Application of Plan

1138. § 1448a. Election to discontinue participation: one-year opportunity after second anniversary of commencement of payment of retired pay

1139. Section 1448(b)(1)(D) of this title applies to an election under subsection (a).

1140. Section 1448(b)(1)(E) of this title applies to an election under subsection (a).

1141. §1449 — Mental incompetency of member

1142. §1450 — Payment of annuity: beneficiaries

1143. §1451 — Amount of annuity

1144. §1451 — Section 641(b) of Pub. L. 98–525 , which provided that the amendments made by subsection (a), amending this section, was applicable only in the case of payments of annuities payable for periods that began on or after Sept. 30, 1985 , was repealed effective Sept. 1, 1985 , by section 711(b) of Pub. L. 99–145 .

1145. §1451 — Section 6413(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (e)(4)(B)(ii), is classified to section 6413(c) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1146. §1452 — Reduction in retired pay

1147. §1452 — Section 631(b) of Public Law 104–106 ( 110 Stat. 364 ), referred to in subsec. (h)(2)(A), was set out as a note under section 1401a of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title VI, § 631(b) , Sept. 23, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2549 .

1148. §1453 — Recovery of amounts erroneously paid

1149. §1454 — Correction of administrative errors

1150. §1455 — Regulations

1151. §1461 — Establishment and purpose of Fund; definition

1152. §1461 — Section 4 of Public Law 92–425 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is set out as a note under section 1448 of this title .

1153. §1461 — Section 5 of Public Law 96–402 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is set out as a note under section 1448 of this title .

1154. §1462 — Assets of Fund

1155. §1463 — Payments from the Fund

1156. §1463 — Section 4 of Public Law 92–425 , referred to in subsec. (a)(4), is set out as a note under section 1448 of this title .

1157. §1463 — Section 5 of Public Law 96–402 , referred to in subsec. (a)(4), is set out as a note under section 1448 of this title .

1158. §1465 — Determination of contributions to the Fund

1159. §1465 — Section 642(c) of S. 2638, as passed by the Senate on Aug. 9, 1986 , and as enacted into law by section 101(c) [title IX, § 9131] of Pub. L. 99–500 and Pub. L. 99–591 , and section 661(d) of Pub. L. 99–661 , provided respectively that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 1466 of this title ] shall take effect on October 1, 1986 , or the date of the enactment of this Act [ Oct. 18, 1986 ], whichever is later, and shall apply to payments required to be made under section 1466(a) of title 10 , United States Code, as amended by this section, for months beginning on or after that effective date.” and “The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending this section and section 1466 of this title ] shall apply to payments required to be made under section 1466(a) of title 10 , United States Code, as amended by subsection (b), for months beginning on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [ Nov. 14, 1986 ].”

1160. §1466 — Payments into the Fund

1161. §1466 — Section 5532 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title VI, § 651(a)(1) , Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 664 .

1162. §1467 — Investment of assets of Fund

1163. §1471 — Forensic pathology investigations

1164. §1475 — Death gratuity: death of members on active duty or inactive duty training and of certain other persons

1165. §1476 — Death gratuity: death after discharge or release from duty or training

1166. §1477 — Death gratuity: eligible survivors

1167. §1478 — Death gratuity: amount

1168. §1478 — Section 664(c) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2006, referred to in subsec. (d)(1), is section 664(c) of title VI of div. A of Pub. L. 109–163 , Jan. 6, 2006 , 119 Stat. 3317 , which is not classified to the Code.

1169. §1479 — Death gratuity: delegation of determinations, payments

1170. §1480 — Death gratuity: miscellaneous provisions

1171. §1481 — Recovery, care, and disposition of remains: decedents covered

1172. §1482 — Expenses incident to death

1173. § 1482a. Expenses incident to death: civilian employees serving with an armed force

1174. §1483 — Prisoners of war and interned enemy aliens

1175. §1484 — Pensioners, indigent patients, and persons who die on military reservations

1176. §1485 — Dependents of members of armed forces

1177. §1486 — Other citizens of United States

1178. §1487 — Temporary interment

1179. §1488 — Removal of remains

1180. §1489 — Death gratuity: members and employees dying outside the United States while assigned to intelligence duties

1181. §1490 — Transportation of remains: certain retired members and dependents who die in military medical facilities

1182. §1491 — Funeral honors functions at funerals for veterans

1183. §1492 — Authority to provide travel and transportation allowances in connection with transfer ceremonies of certain civilian employees who die overseas

1184. §1492 — Section 481f of title 37 , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title VI, § 604(a) , Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat. 1767 .

1185. §1501 — System for accounting for missing persons

1186. § 1501a. Public-private partnerships; other forms of support

1187. §1502 — Missing persons: initial report

1188. §1503 — Actions of Secretary concerned; initial board inquiry

1189. §1504 — Subsequent board of inquiry

1190. §1505 — Further review

1191. §1506 — Personnel files

1192. §1507 — Recommendation of status of death

1193. §1508 — Judicial review

1194. §1509 — Program to resolve missing person cases

1195. §1510 — Applicability to Coast Guard

1196. §1511 — Return alive of person declared missing or dead

1197. §1512 — Effect on State law

1198. §1513 — Definitions

1199. §1521 — Posthumous commissions

1200. §1522 — Posthumous warrants

1201. §1523 — Posthumous commissions and warrants: effect on pay and allowances

1202. §1524 — Posthumous commissions and warrants: determination of date of death

1203. §1551 — Correction of name after separation from service under an assumed name

1204. §1552 — Correction of military records: claims incident thereto

1205. §1553 — Review of discharge or dismissal

1206. § 1553a. Review of a request for upgrade of discharge or dismissal

1207. §1554 — Review of retirement or separation without pay for physical disability

1208. § 1554a. Review of separation with disability rating of 20 percent disabled or less

1209. § 1554b. Confidential review of characterization of terms of discharge of members of the armed forces who are victims of sex-related offenses

1210. §1555 — Professional staff

1211. §1556 — Ex parte communications prohibited

1212. §1557 — Timeliness standards for disposition of applications before Corrections Boards

1213. §1558 — Review of actions of selection boards: correction of military records by special boards; judicial review

1214. §1559 — Personnel limitation

1215. §1561 — Complaints of sexual harassment: independent investigation

1216. § 1561a. Civilian orders of protection: force and effect on military installations

1217. § 1561b. Confidential reporting of sexual harassment

1218. §1562 — Database on domestic violence incidents

1219. § 1562a. Complaints of retaliation by victims of sexual assault or sexual harassment and related persons: tracking by Department of Defense

1220. §1563 — Consideration of proposals from Members of Congress for honorary promotions: procedures for review and promotion

1221. § 1563a. Honorary promotions on the initiative of the Department of Defense

1222. §1564 — Security clearance investigations

1223. § 1564a. Counterintelligence polygraph program

1224. § 1564b. Security vetting for foreign nationals

1225. §1565 — DNA identification information: collection from certain offenders; use

1226. §1565 — Section 210304 of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), is classified to section 12592 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

1227. §1565 — Section 3 of the DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2), (d)(2), and (e)(2)(A), is section 3 of Pub. L. 106–546 , which was classified to section 14135a of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification as section 40702 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

1228. §1565 — Section 4 of the DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000, referred to in subsec. (e)(2)(B), is section 4 of Pub. L. 106–546 , which is classified to section 40703 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

1229. § 1565a. DNA samples maintained for identification of human remains: use for law enforcement purposes

1230. § 1565b. Victims of sexual assault: access to legal assistance and services of Sexual Assault Response Coordinators and Sexual Assault Victim Advocates

1231. §1566 — Voting assistance: compliance assessments; assistance

1232. § 1566a. Voting assistance: voter assistance offices

1233. §1567 — Duration of military protective orders

1234. § 1567a. Mandatory notification of issuance of military protective order to civilian law enforcement

1235. §1580 — Emergency essential employees: designation

1236. §1580 — Section 112(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is classified to section 112(c)(2) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1237. § 1580a. Emergency essential employees: notification of required participation in anthrax vaccine immunization program

1238. §1581 — Foreign National Employees Separation Pay Account

1239. §1582 — Assistive technology, assistive technology devices, and assistive technology services

1240. §1583 — Employment of certain persons without pay

1241. §1584 — Employment of non-citizens

1242. §1585 — Carrying of firearms

1243. § 1585a. Special agents of the Defense Criminal Investigative Service: authority to execute warrants and make arrests

1244. §1586 — Rotation of career-conditional and career employees assigned to duty outside the United States

1245. §1586 — Section 1. Assignment of an employee to duty in the State of Alaska or Hawaii under regulations prescribed pursuant to section 1586 of title 10 of the United States Code shall be held and considered for the purposes of that section, to be an assignment to duty outside the United States.

1246. §1587 — Employees of nonappropriated fund instrumentalities: reprisals

1247. § 1587a. Employees of nonappropriated fund instrumentalities: senior executive pay levels

1248. §1588 — Authority to accept certain voluntary services

1249. §1589 — Participation in management of specified non-Federal entities: authorized activities

1250. §1591 — Reimbursement for travel and transportation expenses when accompanying Members of Congress

1251. §1592 — Prohibition on payment of severance pay to foreign nationals in the event of certain overseas base closures

1252. §1593 — Uniform allowance: civilian employees

1253. §1594 — Reimbursement for financial institution charges incurred because of Government error in direct deposit of pay

1254. §1595 — Civilian faculty members at certain Department of Defense schools: employment and compensation

1255. §1596 — Foreign language proficiency: special pay for proficiency beneficial for intelligence interests

1256. § 1596a. Foreign language proficiency: special pay for proficiency beneficial for other national security interests

1257. § 1596b. Foreign language proficiency: National Foreign Language Skills Registry

1258. § 1596c. Programming language proficiency: special pay for proficiency beneficial for national security interests

1259. §1597 — Civilian positions: guidelines for reductions

1260. §1598 — Assistance to terminated employees to obtain certification and employment as teachers or employment as teachers’ aides

1261. §1598 — Section 1151 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (d)(2)(A), (B) and (f), was repealed by Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title XVII, § 1707(a)(1) , Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 823 , and a new section 1151 of this title was subsequently added by Pub. L. 109–364, § 561(a) .

1262. § 1599a. Financial assistance to certain employees in acquisition of critical skills

1263. § 1599b. Employees abroad: travel expenses; health care

1264. § 1599c. Health care professionals: enhanced appointment and compensation authority for personnel for care and treatment of wounded and injured members of the armed forces

1265. § 1599d. Financial management positions: authority to prescribe professional certification and credential standards

1266. § 1599f. United States Cyber Command recruitment and retention

1267. § 1599g. Public-private talent exchange

1268. § 1599i. Recruitment incentives for placement at remote locations

1269. § 1599j. Restricted reports of incidents of adult sexual assault

1270. §1601 — Civilian intelligence personnel: general authority to establish excepted positions, appoint personnel, and fix rates of pay

1271. §1602 — Basic pay

1272. §1603 — Additional compensation, incentives, and allowances

1273. §1605 — Benefits for certain employees assigned outside the United States

1274. §1606 — Defense Intelligence Senior Executive Service

1275. §1607 — Intelligence Senior Level positions

1276. §1608 — Time-limited appointments

1277. §1609 — Termination of defense intelligence employees

1278. §1610 — Reductions and other adjustments in force

1279. §1611 — Postemployment assistance: certain terminated intelligence employees

1280. §1612 — Merit system principles and civil service protections: applicability

1281. §1612 — Section 2301 of title 5 shall apply to the exercise of authority under this subchapter (other than sections 1605 and 1611).

1282. §1613 — Miscellaneous provisions

1283. §1614 — Definitions

1284. §1621 — Defense Intelligence Agency merit pay system

1285. §1621 — Section 5401 of title 5 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 103–89, § 3(a)(1) , (c), Sept. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 981 , eff. Nov. 1, 1993 .

1286. §1622 — Uniform allowance: civilian employees

1287. §1623 — Financial assistance to certain employees in acquisition of critical skills

1288. §1701 — Management policies

1289. § 1701a. Management for acquisition workforce excellence

1290. § 1701b. Enhanced pay authority for certain acquisition and technology positions

1291. §1702 — Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment: authorities and responsibilities

1292. §1704 — Service acquisition executives: authorities and responsibilities

1293. §1705 — Department of Defense Acquisition Workforce Development Account

1294. §1706 — Government performance of certain acquisition functions

1295. §1707 — Cadre of intellectual property experts

1296. §1721 — Designation of acquisition positions and acquisition workforce career fields

1297. §1722 — Career development

1298. § 1722a. Special requirements for military personnel in the acquisition field

1299. § 1722b. Special requirements for civilian employees in the acquisition field

1300. §1723 — General education, training, and experience requirements

1301. §1724 — Contracting positions: qualification requirements

1302. §1725 — Senior Military Acquisition Advisors

1303. §1731 — Critical acquisition positions

1304. §1734 — Career development

1305. §1735 — Education, training, and experience requirements for critical acquisition positions

1306. §1737 — Definitions and general provisions

1307. §1741 — Policies and programs: establishment and implementation

1308. §1742 — Internship, cooperative education, and scholarship programs

1309. §1743 — Awards to recognize members of the acquisition workforce

1310. §1743 — Section 3 of the Plain Writing Act of 2010, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B)(iii), is section 3 of Pub. L. 111–274 , which is set out in a note under section 301 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

1311. §1745 — Additional education and training programs available to acquisition personnel

1312. §1746 — Defense Acquisition University

1313. § 1746a. Acquisition workforce educational partnerships

1314. Section 1080(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 ( Public Law 114–92 ; 129 Stat. 1000 ; 10 U.S.C. 111 note), as amended by section 1061(j) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 ( Public Law 114–328 ; 130 Stat. 2405 ; 10 U.S.C. 111 note), does not apply with respect to the reports required to be submitted to Congress under this section.

1315. §1747 — Acquisition fellowship program

1316. §1748 — Fulfillment standards for acquisition workforce training

1317. §1749 — Field training for acquisition and sustainment

1318. §1749 — Section 834 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, referred to in subsec. (b)(4)(B), is section 834 of Pub. L. 116–283 , which is set out as a note under section 4571 of this title .

1319. §1761 — Management information system

1320. §1762 — Demonstration project relating to certain acquisition personnel management policies and procedures

1321. §1764 — Authority to establish different minimum requirements

1322. §1765 — Competency development

1323. §1766 — Joint reserve detachment of the Defense Innovation Unit

1324. §1766 — Section 218 of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B)(ii)(II), is section 218 of Pub. L. 115–232 , div. A, title II, Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 1679 , which was repealed and restated as section 118c of this title by Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title II, § 211(a) , (c), Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat. 1585 , 1587. Amendment striking reference to repealed section 218 of Pub. L. 115–232 and inserting reference to section 118c of this title was undone by subsequent general amendment, which reinstated the prior reference. See 2021 Amendment notes below.

1325. §1781 — Office of Military Family Readiness Policy

1326. §1781 — Section 1. Interagency Working Group to Support New American Service Members, Veterans, and their Families . There is established a Working Group to Support New American Service Members, Veterans, and their Families (Working Group) to coordinate records, benefits, and immigration and citizenship services for these service members, veterans, and their families. The Working Group shall convene its first meeting within 10 days of the date of this memorandum.

1327. § 1781a. Department of Defense Military Family Readiness Council

1328. § 1781b. Department of Defense policy and plans for military family readiness

1329. § 1781c. Office of Special Needs

1330. §1782 — Surveys of military families

1331. §1783 — Family members serving on advisory committees

1332. §1784 — Employment opportunities for military spouses

1333. § 1784a. Education and training opportunities for military spouses to expand employment and portable career opportunities

1334. §1785 — Youth sponsorship program

1335. §1786 — Dependent student travel within the United States

1336. §1787 — Reporting of child abuse

1337. §1788 — Additional family assistance

1338. § 1788a. Support programs: special operations forces personnel; immediate family members

1339. §1789 — Chaplain-led programs: authorized support

1340. §1790 — Military personnel citizenship processing

1341. §1791 — Funding for military child care

1342. §1792 — Child care employees

1343. §1793 — Parent fees

1344. §1794 — Child abuse prevention and safety at facilities

1345. §1795 — Parent partnerships with child development centers

1346. §1796 — Subsidies for family home day care

1347. §1797 — Early childhood education program

1348. §1798 — Child care services and youth program services for dependents: financial assistance for providers

1349. §1799 — Child care services and youth program services for dependents: participation by children and youth otherwise ineligible

1350. §1800 — Definitions

1351. §2001 — Human relations training

1352. §2002 — Dependents of members of armed forces: language training

1353. §2003 — Aeronautical rating as pilot: qualifications

1354. §2004 — Detail as students at law schools; commissioned officers; certain enlisted members

1355. § 2004a. Detail of commissioned officers as students at medical schools

1356. § 2004b. Detail of commissioned officers as students at schools of psychology

1357. §2005 — Advanced education assistance: active duty agreement; reimbursement requirements

1358. §2006 — Department of Defense Education Benefits Fund

1359. § 2006a. Assistance for education and training: availability of certain assistance for use only for certain programs of education

1360. §2007 — Payment of tuition for off-duty training or education

1361. §2008 — Authority to use funds for certain educational purposes

1362. §2009 — Military colleges: female students

1363. §2012 — Support and services for eligible organizations and activities outside Department of Defense

1364. §2013 — Training at non-Government facilities

1365. §2014 — Administrative actions adversely affecting military training or other readiness activities

1366. §2015 — Program to assist members in obtaining professional credentials

1367. §2015 — Section 1. Policy . It is the policy of the United States to support practices and programs that ensure that members of the United States Armed Forces receive appropriate credit for their military training and experience, upon request, toward credentialing requirements as a merchant mariner. It is further the policy of the United States to establish and maintain an effective merchant marine program by providing sufficient support and resources to active duty and separating service members who pursue or possess merchant mariner credentials.

1368. §2016 — Undergraduate nurse training program: establishment through agreement with academic institution

1369. §2017 — Limitation on establishment of postsecondary educational institutions pending notice to Congress

1370. §2031 — Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (a)(1) The Secretary of each military department shall establish and maintain a Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps, organized into units, at public and private secondary educational institutions, including Job Corps centers as defined in section 147 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3197), which apply for a unit and meet the standards and criteria prescribed pursuant to this section. The Secretary of Defense shall promulgate regulations prescribing the standards and criteria to be followed by the military departments in selecting the institutions at which units are to be established and maintained.

1371. §2032 — Responsibility of the Secretaries of the military departments to maximize enrollment and enhance efficiency

1372. §2033 — Instructor qualifications

1373. §2034 — Educational institutions not maintaining units of Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps: issuance of arms, tentage, and equipment

1374. §2035 — Flexibility in authorities for management of programs and units

1375. §2036 — Grants to support science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education

1376. §2101 — Definitions

1377. §2102 — Establishment

1378. §2103 — Eligibility for membership

1379. § 2103a. Students not eligible for advanced training: commitment to military service

1380. §2104 — Advanced training; eligibility for

1381. §2105 — Advanced training; failure to complete or to accept commission

1382. §2106 — Advanced training; commission on completion

1383. §2107 — Financial assistance program for specially selected members

1384. § 2107a. Financial assistance program for specially selected members: Army Reserve and Army National Guard

1385. §2108 — Advanced standing; interruption of training; delay in starting obligated service; release from program

1386. §2109 — Practical military training

1387. §2110 — Logistical support

1388. §2111 — Personnel: administrators and instructors

1389. § 2111a. Support for senior military colleges

1390. § 2111b. Senior military colleges: Department of Defense international student program

1391. §2112 — Establishment

1392. § 2112a. Continued operation of University

1393. §2113 — Administration of University

1394. §2113 — Section 2304 of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(G), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , §§ 1801(d), 1881(a), Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4151 , 4293, effective Jan. 1, 2022 , with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law. Subsecs. (a) to ( l ) of section 2304 were transferred to various provisions in chapter 221 of this title, with the same effective date and conditions, by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1811(c)(2) –(5), (d)(2)–(9), Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4165–4170 .

1395. § 2113a. Board of Regents

1396. § 2113b. Academic Health System

1397. §2114 — Students: selection; status; obligation

1398. § 2114a. Eligibility of members of foreign militaries to enroll in the University

1399. §2115 — Graduates: limitation on number permitted to perform civilian Federal service

1400. §2116 — Military nursing research

1401. §2120 — Definitions

1402. §2121 — Establishment

1403. §2122 — Eligibility for participation

1404. §2123 — Members of the program: active duty obligation; failure to complete training; release from program

1405. §2124 — Members of the program: numbers appointed

1406. §2125 — Members of the program: exclusion from authorized strengths

1407. §2126 — Members of the program: service credit

1408. §2127 — Scholarships and financial assistance: payments

1409. §2128 — Accession bonus for members of the program

1410. § 2130a. Financial assistance: nurse officer candidates

1411. §2131 — Reference to chapter 1606

1412. §2138 — Savings provision

1413. §2141 — Educational assistance program: establishment

1414. §2142 — Educational assistance program: eligibility

1415. §2143 — Educational assistance: amount

1416. §2144 — Subsistence allowance

1417. §2145 — Adjustments of amount of educational assistance and of subsistence allowance

1418. §2146 — Right of member upon subsequent reenlistment to lump-sum payment in lieu of educational assistance

1419. §2147 — Right of member after reenlisting to transfer entitlement to spouse or dependent children

1420. §2148 — Duration of entitlement

1421. §2149 — Applications for educational assistance

1422. §2151 — Definitions

1423. §2152 — Joint professional military education: general requirements

1424. §2153 — Capstone course: newly selected general and flag officers

1425. §2153 — Section 619(e)(4) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(C), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title IX, § 931(b) , Nov. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1734 . See section 619a(f) of this title .

1426. §2154 — Joint professional military education: three-phase approach

1427. §2155 — Joint professional military education Phase II program of instruction

1428. §2156 — Joint Forces Staff College: duration of principal course of instruction

1429. §2162 — Preparation of budget requests for operation of professional military education schools

1430. §2163 — Degree granting authority for National Defense University

1431. §2164 — Department of Defense domestic dependent elementary and secondary schools

1432. §2164 — Section 6(a) of Public Law 81–874 ( 20 U.S.C. 241(a) ), referred to in subsec. (f)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 331(b) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3965 .

1433. § 2164a. Rights of parents of children attending schools operated by the Department of Defense Education Activity

1434. § 2164b. Eligibility of certain dependents for enrollment in domestic dependent elementary and secondary schools

1435. §2165 — National Defense University: component institutions

1436. §2167 — National Defense University: admission of private sector civilians to professional military education program

1437. § 2167a. Defense Cyber Investigations Training Academy: admission of private sector civilians to receive instruction

1438. §2168 — Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center: degree of Associate or Bachelor of Arts in foreign language

1439. §2169 — School of Nursing: establishment

1440. §2171 — Education loan repayment program: enlisted members on active duty in specified military specialties

1441. §2173 — Education loan repayment program: commissioned officers in specified health professions

1442. §2174 — Interest payment program: members on active duty

1443. §2181 — Definitions

1444. §2182 — Educational assistance: dependents of captives

1445. §2183 — Educational assistance: former captives

1446. §2184 — Termination of assistance

1447. §2185 — Programs to be consistent with programs administered by the Department of Veterans Affairs

1448. §2191 — Graduate fellowships

1449. §2192 — Improvement of education in technical fields: general authority regarding education in science, mathematics, and engineering

1450. § 2192b. Program on enhancement of preparation of dependents of members of armed forces for careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics

1451. § 2192c. Office for academic engagement relating to cyber activities

1452. Section 1649 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(C), is section 1649 of Pub. L. 116–92 , div. A, title XVI, Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 1758 , which is not classified to the Code.

1453. §2193 — Improvement of education in technical fields: grants for higher education in science and mathematics

1454. §2193 — Section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is classified to section 1001 of Title 20 , Education.

1455. § 2193a. Improvement of education in technical fields: general authority for support of elementary and secondary education in science and mathematics

1456. § 2193b. Improvement of education in technical fields: program for support of elementary and secondary education in science, technology, engineering, art and design, and mathematics

1457. §2194 — Education partnerships

1458. §2194 — Section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (f)(2), is classified to section 7801 of Title 20 , Education.

1459. §2195 — Department of Defense cooperative education programs

1460. §2196 — Renumbered § 4843]

1461. §2198 — Management training program in Japanese language and culture

1462. §2199 — Definitions

1463. §2199 — Section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, referred to in par. (2), is classified to section 1001 of Title 20 , Education.

1464. §2200 — Programs; purpose

1465. § 2200a. Scholarship program

1466. § 2200b. Grant program

1467. § 2200c. Special considerations in awarding scholarships and grants

1468. § 2200d. Regulations

1469. § 2200e. Definitions

1470. § 2200f. Inapplicability to Coast Guard

1471. § 2200g. Establishment

1472. § 2200h. Program elements

1473. § 2200i. Model authorities

1474. § 2200j. Definitions

1475. §2201 — Apportionment of funds: authority for exemption; excepted expenses

1476. §2202 — Regulations on production, warehousing, and supply distribution functions

1477. §2203 — Budget estimates

1478. §2204 — Obligation of appropriations

1479. §2205 — Reimbursements

1480. §2206 — Disbursement of funds of military department to cover obligation of another agency of Department of Defense

1481. §2208 — Working-capital funds

1482. §2209 — Management funds

1483. §2210 — Proceeds of sales of supplies: credit to appropriations

1484. §2211 — Reimbursement for equipment, material, or services furnished members of the United Nations

1485. §2212 — Renumbered § 3138]

1486. §2213 — Renumbered § 3070]

1487. §2214 — Transfer of funds: procedure and limitations

1488. §2215 — Transfer of funds to other departments and agencies: limitation

1489. §2216 — Renumbered § 3136]

1490. § 2216a. Rapidly meeting urgent needs: Joint Urgent Operational Needs Fund

1491. §2218 — National Defense Sealift Fund

1492. §2218 — Section 11 of the Merchant Ship Sales Act of 1946 ( 50 U.S.C. 4405 ), referred to in subsecs. (c)(1)(D) and (k)(3)(B), was redesignated as and transferred to section 57100 of Title 46 , Shipping, by Pub. L. 115–91, div. C, title XXXV, § 3502(a)(3) , Dec. 12, 2017 , 131 Stat. 1910 .

1493. §2218 — Section 1424 of Public Law 101–510 , referred to in subsecs. (d)(3), (f)(2), and (k)(2)(A), is section 1424 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1991, which is set out as a note under section 7291 of this title .

1494. § 2218a. National Sea-Based Deterrence Fund

1495. §2219 — Grants for improvement of Navy ship repair or alterations capability

1496. §2220 — Performance based management: acquisition programs

1497. §2222 — Defense business systems: business process reengineering; enterprise architecture; management

1498. §2223 — Information technology: additional responsibilities of Chief Information Officers

1499. §2224 — Defense Information Assurance Program

1500. § 2224a. Information security: continued applicability of expiring Governmentwide requirements to the Department of Defense

1501. §2228 — Office of Corrosion Policy and Oversight

1502. §2229 — Strategic policy on prepositioning of materiel and equipment

1503. § 2229a. Annual report on prepositioned materiel and equipment

1504. §2231 — Reference to chapter 1803

1505. §2241 — Availability of appropriations for certain purposes

1506. §2241 — Section 705 of Public Law 98–212 , to be codified as 10 U.S.C. 2241(b) , provides that defense appropriations may be used in connection with certain services and supplies “as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act”. The reference to “this Act” means Public Law 98–212 , the FY84 Defense Appropriations Act. Language similar to section 705 had been enacted as part of the annual defense appropriation Act for many years. In the FY84 Act, section 705 was enacted as a permanent provision. The quoted phrase above was not, however, revised from the traditional annual wording as the provision had appeared in annual appropriations Acts in order to give it effect beyond the fiscal year concerned. Since the general purpose of a defense appropriations Act is to provide funds for national defense purposes, the committee, in codifying this provision, revised the quoted phrase so as to read “that may be necessary for the national defense”. No change in meaning is intended.

1507. § 2241a. Prohibition on use of funds for publicity or propaganda purposes within the United States

1508. § 2241b. Prohibition on contracts providing payments for activities at sporting events to honor members of the armed forces

1509. §2242 — Authority to use appropriated funds for certain investigations and security services

1510. §2243 — Authority to use appropriated funds to support student meal programs in overseas defense dependents’ schools

1511. §2244 — Security investigations

1512. § 2244a. Equipment scheduled for retirement or disposal: limitation on expenditures for modifications

1513. §2245 — Use of aircraft for proficiency flying: limitation

1514. §2246 — Authorization of certain support for military service academy foundations

1515. §2246 — Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (d)(1), is classified to section 501(c)(3) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1516. §2247 — Renumbered § 2491b]

1517. § 2249b. Display of State, District of Columbia, commonwealth, and territorial flags by the armed forces

1518. §2251 — Household furnishings and other property: personnel outside the United States or in Alaska or Hawaii

1519. §2252 — Rewards: missing property

1520. §2253 — Motor vehicles

1521. §2254 — Treatment of reports of aircraft accident investigations

1522. § 2254a. Data files of military flight operations quality assurance systems: exemption from disclosure under Freedom of Information Act

1523. §2255 — Aircraft accident investigation boards: composition requirements

1524. §2257 — Use of recruiting materials for public relations

1525. §2259 — Transit pass program: personnel in poor air quality areas

1526. §2260 — Licensing of intellectual property: retention of fees

1527. §2261 — Presentation of recognition items for recruitment and retention purposes

1528. §2262 — Department of Defense conferences: collection of fees to cover Department of Defense costs

1529. §2263 — United States contributions to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization common-funded budgets

1530. §2264 — Reimbursement for assistance provided to nongovernmental entertainment-oriented media producers

1531. §2265 — Access to broadband internet access service for certain members of the armed forces

1532. §2271 — Management of space programs: joint program offices and officer management programs

1533. § 2271a. Space Contractor Responsibility Watch List

1534. §2272 — Space science and technology strategy: coordination

1535. §2273 — Policy regarding assured access to space: national security payloads

1536. § 2273a. Space Rapid Capabilities Office

1537. §2274 — Space situational awareness services and information: provision to non-United States Government entities

1538. § 2275a. Requirements for protection of satellites

1539. § 2275b. Requirements for appropriate classification guidance

1540. § 2275c. Space Force satellite ground systems

1541. §2276 — Commercial space launch cooperation

1542. § 2276a. Special authority for provision of space launch support services to increase space launch capacity

1543. §2277 — Disclosure of National Security Space Launch program contract pricing terms

1544. §2278 — Notification of foreign interference of national security space

1545. §2279 — Foreign commercial satellite services and foreign launches

1546. §2279 — Section 1261(c)(2) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013, referred to in subsec. (f)(1)(A), is section 1261(c)(2) of Pub. L. 112–239 , which is set out in a note under section 2778 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

1547. § 2279b. Council on Oversight of the Department of Defense Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Enterprise

1548. § 2279c. Renumbered § 9081]

1549. § 2279d. Limitation on construction on United States territory of satellite positioning ground monitoring stations of certain foreign governments

1550. Section 1602(b) of Pub. L. 113–66 , formerly set out as a note under section 2281 of this title , which was transferred to and inserted as the first subsection of this section, redesignated as subsec. (a), and amended by Pub. L. 115–91, § 1602(b) , was based on Pub. L. 113–66, div. A, title XVI, § 1602(b) , Dec. 26, 2013 , 127 Stat. 943 .

1551. §2281 — Global Positioning System

1552. §2281 — Section 507 of the International Maritime Satellite Telecommunications Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 507 of Pub. L. 87–624 which was classified to section 756 of Title 47 , Telecommunications, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–414, title III, § 304(b)(5) , Oct. 25, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4298 .

1553. §2284 — Explosive Ordnance Disposal Defense Program

1554. §2285 — Department of Defense Climate Resilience Infrastructure Initiative

1555. § 2304a. Renumbered § 3403]

1556. § 2305a. Renumbered § 3241]

1557. §2308 — Renumbered § 3069]

1558. §2325 — Renumbered § 3761]

1559. §2327 — Renumbered § 4871]

1560. §2328 — Renumbered § 3794]

1561. §2329 — Renumbered § 4506]

1562. §2330 — Renumbered § 4501]

1563. §2331 — Renumbered § 4507]

1564. §2339 — Renumbered § 4657]

1565. §2341 — Authority to acquire logistic support, supplies, and services for elements of the armed forces deployed outside the United States

1566. §2342 — Cross-servicing agreements

1567. §2343 — Waiver of applicability of certain laws

1568. §2344 — Methods of payment for acquisitions and transfers by the United States

1569. §2345 — Liquidation of accrued credits and liabilities

1570. §2346 — Crediting of receipts

1571. §2347 — Limitation on amounts that may be obligated or accrued by the United States

1572. §2348 — Inventories of supplies not to be increased

1573. §2349 — Overseas Workload Program

1574. §2350 — Definitions

1575. §2350 — Section 38(a)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act, referred to in par. (1), is classified to section 2778(a)(1) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

1576. Chapter 137 of this title, referred to in subsec. (g)(3), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 . For definition of “chapter 137 legacy provisions”, see section 3016 of this title .

1577. § 2350a. Cooperative research and development agreements: NATO organizations; allied and friendly foreign countries

1578. Chapter 137 of this title, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 . For definition of “chapter 137 legacy provisions”, see section 3016 of this title .

1579. § 2350b. Cooperative projects under Arms Export Control Act: acquisition of defense equipment

1580. Section 2304 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , §§ 1801(d), 1881(a), Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4151 , 4293, effective Jan. 1, 2022 , with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law. Subsecs. (a) to ( l ) of section 2304 were transferred to various provisions in chapter 221 of this title, with the same effective date and conditions, by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1811(c)(2) –(5), (d)(2)–(9), Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4165–4170 .

1581. § 2350c. Cooperative military airlift agreements: allied countries

1582. Chapter 137 of this title, referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 . For definition of “chapter 137 legacy provisions”, see section 3016 of this title .

1583. § 2350d. Cooperative acquisition and logistics support agreements: NATO countries

1584. § 2350e. NATO Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS) program: authority of Secretary of Defense

1585. § 2350f. Procurement of communications support and related supplies and services

1586. § 2350g. Authority to accept use of real property, services, and supplies from foreign countries in connection with mutual defense agreements and occupational arrangements

1587. § 2350h. Memorandums of agreement: Department of Defense ombudsman for foreign signatories

1588. § 2350i. Foreign contributions for cooperative projects

1589. § 2350j. Burden sharing contributions by designated countries and regional organizations

1590. § 2350k. Relocation within host nation of elements of armed forces overseas

1591. § 2350l. Cooperative agreements for reciprocal use of test facilities: foreign countries and international organizations

1592. § 2350m. Participation in European program on multilateral exchange of surface transportation services

1593. § 2350n. North Atlantic Treaty Organization Joint Force Command

1594. § 2350o. Participation in programs relating to coordination or exchange of air refueling and air transportation services

1595. § 2350p. Reciprocal patient movement agreements

1596. § 2350q. Execution of projects under the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Security Investment Program

1597. § 2350r. North Atlantic Treaty Organization Allied Special Operations Forces Command

1598. § 2350s. Authority to contribute to innovation fund

1599. §2351 — Renumbered § 3131]

1600. §2357 — Renumbered § 4067]

1601. §2359 — Renumbered § 4007]

1602. § 2359a. Renumbered § 4061]

1603. §2361 — Renumbered § 4141]

1604. §2362 — Renumbered § 4144]

1605. §2363 — Renumbered § 4123]

1606. §2365 — Renumbered § 4066]

1607. § 2366a. Renumbered § 4251]

1608. § 2366b. Renumbered § 4252]

1609. §2368 — Renumbered § 4124]

1610. § 2380b. Transferred]

1611. §2383 — Renumbered § 4508]

1612. §2385 — Arms and ammunition: immunity from taxation

1613. §2387 — Contract working dogs: requirement to transfer animals to 341st Training Squadron after service life

1614. §2388 — Security clearances for facilities of certain companies

1615. §2389 — Ensuring safety regarding insensitive munitions

1616. §2390 — Prohibition on the sale of certain defense articles from the stocks of the Department of Defense

1617. §2391 — Military base reuse studies and community planning assistance

1618. §2391 — Section 1. (a) I hereby establish the Commission on Alternative Utilization of Military Facilities (“Commission”).

1619. §2391 — Section 1. Function of the Secretary of Defense . The Secretary of Defense shall, through the Economic Adjustment Committee, design and establish a Defense Economic Adjustment Program.

1620. §2391 — Section 2819 of Pub. L. 100–456 , as amended by Pub. L. 101–510, div. B, title XXIX, § 2922(a) , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1820 , established Commission on Alternative Utilization of Military Facilities and required Commission to submit reports to President and Congress not later than Sept. 1 of every second year through fiscal year 1996, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title X, § 1031(b) , Oct. 17, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2123 .

1621. §2392 — Process for strategic basing actions for the Department of the Air Force

1622. §2394 — Renumbered § 2922a]

1623. §2395 — Renumbered § 3132]

1624. §2396 — Advances for payments for compliance with foreign laws, rent in foreign countries, tuition, public utility services, and pay and supplies of armed forces of friendly foreign countries

1625. §2399 — Renumbered § 4171]

1626. §2400 — Renumbered § 4231]

1627. §2401 — Transferred]

1628. § 2401a. Transferred]

1629. §2407 — Renumbered § 2350b]

1630. § 2409a. Renumbered § 4702]

1631. §2410 — Renumbered § 3862]

1632. § 2410c. Renumbered § 2922f]

1633. § 2410d. Renumbered § 3903]

1634. §2416 — Renumbered § 4957]

1635. §2417 — Renumbered § 4961]

1636. §2418 — Renumbered § 4958]

1637. §2419 — Renumbered § 4959]

1638. §2421 — Plantations and farms: operation, maintenance, and improvement

1639. §2422 — Bakery and dairy products: procurement outside the United States

1640. §2423 — Laundry and dry cleaning services: procurement from facilities operated by the Navy Resale and Services Support Office

1641. §2424 — Procurement of supplies and services from exchange stores outside the United States

1642. §2432 — Renumbered § 4351]

1643. §2436 — Renumbered § 4293]

1644. §2437 — Renumbered § 4321]

1645. §2438 — Renumbered § 4273]

1646. §2439 — Renumbered § 4236]

1647. §2451 — Defense supply management

1648. §2452 — Duties of Secretary of Defense

1649. §2453 — Supply catalog: distribution and use

1650. §2454 — Supply catalog: new or obsolete items

1651. §2456 — Coordination with General Services Administration

1652. §2457 — Standardization of equipment with North Atlantic Treaty Organization members

1653. §2458 — Inventory management policies

1654. §2460 — Definition of depot-level maintenance and repair

1655. §2460 — Section 322(b)(1) of Pub. L. 112–239 , cited as a credit to this section, revived section 2460 of this title as in effect the day before the date of the enactment of Pub. L. 112–81 , Dec. 31, 2011 . See Prior Provisions note below.

1656. §2461 — Public-private competition required before conversion to contractor performance

1657. § 2461a. Development and implementation of system for monitoring cost saving resulting from public-private competitions

1658. §2463 — Guidelines and procedures for use of civilian employees to perform Department of Defense functions

1659. §2464 — Core logistics capabilities

1660. §2464 — Section 322(b)(2)(A) of Pub. L. 112–239 , cited as a credit to this section, revived section 2464 of this title as in effect the day before the date of the enactment of Pub. L. 112–81 , Dec. 31, 2011 . See Prior Provisions note below.

1661. §2465 — Prohibition on contracts for performance of firefighting or security-guard functions

1662. §2466 — Limitations on the performance of depot-level maintenance of materiel

1663. §2469 — Contracts to perform workloads previously performed by depot-level activities of the Department of Defense: requirement of competition

1664. §2470 — Depot-level activities of the Department of Defense: authority to compete for maintenance and repair workloads of other Federal agencies

1665. §2472 — Prohibition on management of depot employees by end strength

1666. §2473 — Annual five-year plans on improvement of depot infrastructure

1667. §2474 — Centers of Industrial and Technical Excellence: designation; public-private partnerships

1668. §2475 — Consolidation, restructuring, or reengineering of organizations, functions, or activities: notification requirements

1669. §2476 — Minimum capital investment for certain depots

1670. §2481 — Defense commissary and exchange systems: existence and purpose

1671. §2482 — Commissary stores: criteria for establishment or closure; store size

1672. §2483 — Commissary stores: use of appropriated funds to cover operating expenses

1673. §2484 — Commissary stores: merchandise that may be sold; uniform surcharges and pricing

1674. §2485 — Commissary stores: operation

1675. §2487 — Relationship between defense commissary system and exchange stores system

1676. §2488 — Combined exchange and commissary stores

1677. §2488 — Section 375 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1995, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 375 of Pub. L. 103–337 , div. A, title III, Oct. 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 2736 , as amended, which is not classified to the Code.

1678. §2489 — Overseas commissary and exchange stores: access and purchase restrictions

1679. §2491 — Uniform funding and management of morale, welfare, and recreation programs

1680. § 2491a. Department of Defense golf courses: limitation on use of appropriated funds

1681. § 2491b. Use of appropriated funds for operation of Armed Forces Recreation Center, Europe: limitation

1682. § 2491c. Retention of morale, welfare, and recreation funds by military installations: limitation

1683. §2492 — Nonappropriated fund instrumentalities: contracts with other agencies and instrumentalities to provide and obtain goods and services

1684. § 2492a. Limitation on Department of Defense entities competing with private sector in offering personal information services

1685. §2493 — Fisher Houses: administration as nonappropriated fund instrumentality

1686. §2494 — Nonappropriated fund instrumentalities: furnishing utility services for morale, welfare, and recreation purposes

1687. §2495 — Nonappropriated fund instrumentalities: purchase of alcoholic beverages

1688. § 2495a. Overseas package stores: treatment of United States wines

1689. § 2495b. Sale or rental of sexually explicit material prohibited

1690. §2496 — Sale of certain goods from the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region prohibited

1691. §2501 — Renumbered § 4811]

1692. §2502 — Renumbered § 4812]

1693. §2503 — Renumbered § 4813]

1694. §2504 — Renumbered § 4814]

1695. §2505 — Renumbered § 4816]

1696. §2507 — Renumbered § 4818]

1697. §2508 — Renumbered § 4817]

1698. §2509 — Renumbered § 4819]

1699. §2511 — Renumbered § 4831]

1700. §2514 — Renumbered § 4832]

1701. §2518 — Renumbered § 4834]

1702. §2521 — Renumbered § 4841]

1703. §2522 — Renumbered § 4845]

1704. §2525 — Renumbered § 2521]

1705. §2540 — Renumbered § 4971]

1706. §2541 — Renumbered § 4981]

1707. § 2541d. Renumbered § 4985]

1708. §2545 — Renumbered § 3101]

1709. §2546 — Renumbered § 3103]

1710. §2547 — Renumbered § 3104]

1711. §2548 — Renumbered § 3105]

1712. §2551 — Equipment and barracks: national veterans’ organizations

1713. §2552 — Equipment for instruction and practice: American National Red Cross

1714. §2553 — Equipment and services: Presidential inaugural ceremonies

1715. §2554 — Equipment and other services: Boy Scout Jamborees

1716. §2555 — Transportation services: international Girl Scout events

1717. §2556 — Shelter for homeless; incidental services

1718. §2557 — Excess nonlethal supplies: availability for humanitarian relief, domestic emergency assistance, and homeless veterans assistance

1719. §2558 — National military associations: assistance at national conventions

1720. §2559 — Provision of medical care to foreign military and diplomatic personnel: reimbursement required; waiver for provision of reciprocal services

1721. §2560 — Aircraft and vehicles: limitation on leasing to non-Federal agencies

1722. §2561 — Humanitarian assistance

1723. §2563 — Articles and services of industrial facilities: sale to persons outside the Department of Defense

1724. §2564 — Provision of support for certain sporting events

1725. § 2564a. Provision of assistance for adaptive sports programs: members of the armed forces; certain veterans

1726. §2565 — Nuclear test monitoring equipment: furnishing to foreign governments

1727. §2566 — Space and services: provision to military welfare societies

1728. §2567 — Space and services: provision to WIC offices

1729. §2568 — Retention of combat uniforms by members deployed in support of contingency operations

1730. § 2568a. Damaged personal protective equipment: award to members separating from the Armed Forces and veterans

1731. §2571 — Interchange of supplies and services

1732. §2572 — Documents, historical artifacts, and condemned or obsolete combat materiel: loan, gift, or exchange

1733. §2574 — Armament: sale of individual pieces

1734. §2575 — Disposition of unclaimed property

1735. §2576 — Surplus military equipment: sale to State and local law enforcement, firefighting, homeland security, and emergency management agencies

1736. § 2576a. Excess personal property: sale or donation for law enforcement activities

1737. Section 1051(e) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016, referred to in subsec. (b)(6), is section 1051(e) of Pub. L. 114–92 , div. A, title X, Nov. 25, 2015 , 129 Stat. 980 , which is not classified to the Code.

1738. § 2576b. Excess personal property: sale or donation to assist firefighting agencies

1739. §2577 — Disposal of recyclable materials

1740. §2578 — Vessels: transfer between departments

1741. §2579 — War booty: procedures for handling and retaining battlefield objects

1742. §2580 — Donation of excess chapel property

1743. §2580 — Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 501(c)(3) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1744. §2581 — Excess UH–1 Huey and AH–1 Cobra helicopters: requirements for transfer to foreign countries

1745. §2583 — Military animals: transfer and adoption

1746. §2601 — General gift funds

1747. § 2601a. Direct acceptance of gifts by members of the armed forces and Department of Defense and Coast Guard employees and their families

1748. §2602 — American National Red Cross: cooperation and assistance

1749. §2603 — Acceptance of fellowships, scholarships, or grants

1750. §2604 — United Seamen’s Service: cooperation and assistance

1751. §2605 — Acceptance of gifts for defense dependents’ schools

1752. §2606 — Scouting: cooperation and assistance in foreign areas

1753. §2607 — Acceptance of gifts for the Defense Intelligence College

1754. §2608 — Acceptance of contributions for defense programs, projects, and activities; Defense Cooperation Account

1755. §2610 — Competitions for excellence: acceptance of monetary awards

1756. §2611 — Regional centers for security studies: acceptance of gifts and donations

1757. §2612 — National Defense University: acceptance of gifts

1758. §2613 — Acceptance of frequent traveler miles, credits, points, and tickets: use to facilitate rest and recuperation travel of deployed members and their families

1759. §2614 — Emergency communications equipment: acceptance from local public safety agencies for temporary use related to disasters

1760. §2615 — Military museums and military education programs: cooperative agreement authority

1761. §2631 — Preference for United States vessels in transporting supplies by sea

1762. § 2631a. Contingency planning: sealift and related intermodal transportation requirements

1763. §2632 — Transportation to and from certain places of employment and on military installations

1764. §2633 — Section 2633 is restated, without substantive change, to conform to the style adopted for title 10.

1765. §2633 — Stevedoring and terminal services: vessels carrying cargo or passengers sponsored by military department

1766. §2635 — Medical emergency helicopter transportation assistance and limitation of individual liability

1767. §2636 — Deductions from amounts due carriers

1768. § 2636a. Loss or damage to personal property transported at Government expense: full replacement value; deduction from amounts due carriers

1769. §2637 — Transportation in certain areas outside the United States

1770. §2638 — Transportation of civilian clothing of enlisted members

1771. §2639 — Transportation to and from school for certain minor dependents

1772. §2640 — Charter air transportation of members of the armed forces or cargo

1773. §2641 — Transportation of certain veterans on Department of Defense aeromedical evacuation aircraft

1774. § 2641a. Transportation of American Samoa veterans on Department of Defense aircraft for certain medical care in Hawaii

1775. § 2641b. Space-available travel on Department of Defense aircraft: program authorized and eligible recipients

1776. §2642 — Transportation services provided to certain non-Department of Defense agencies and entities: use of Department of Defense reimbursement rate

1777. §2643 — Commissary and exchange services: transportation overseas

1778. §2643 — Section 2483(b)(5) of this title , regarding the use of appropriated funds to cover the expenses of operating commissary stores, shall apply to the transportation of commissary supplies and products. Appropriated funds for the Department of Defense shall also be used to cover the expenses of transporting exchange supplies and products to destinations outside the continental United States. Such appropriated funds may be supplemented with additional funds derived from improved management practices implemented pursuant to sections 2481(c)(3) and 2487(c) of this title.

1779. §2644 — Control of transportation systems in time of war

1780. §2645 — Indemnification of Department of Transportation for losses covered by vessel war risk insurance

1781. §2646 — Travel services: procurement for official and unofficial travel under one contract

1782. §2647 — Next-of-kin of persons unaccounted for from conflicts after World War II: transportation to annual meetings

1783. §2648 — Persons and supplies: sea, land, and air transportation

1784. §2649 — Civilian passengers and commercial cargoes: transportation on Department of Defense vessels, vehicles, and aircraft

1785. §2650 — Civilian personnel in Alaska

1786. §2651 — Passengers and merchandise to Guam: sea transport

1787. §2652 — Prohibition on charge of certain tariffs on aircraft traveling through channel routes

1788. §2661 — Miscellaneous administrative provisions relating to real property

1789. §2662 — Real property transactions: reports to congressional committees

1790. §2663 — Land acquisition authorities

1791. §2664 — Limitations on real property acquisition

1792. §2665 — Sale of certain interests in land; logs

1793. §2667 — Leases: non-excess property of military departments and Defense Agencies

1794. §2668 — Easements for rights-of-way

1795. § 2668a. Easements: granting restrictive easements in connection with land conveyances

1796. §2669 — Transfer of land and facilities to support contracts with federally funded research and development centers

1797. §2670 — Use of facilities by private organizations; use as polling places

1798. §2671 — Military reservations and facilities: hunting, fishing, and trapping

1799. §2672 — Protection of buildings, grounds, property, and persons

1800. §2674 — Operation and control of Pentagon Reservation and defense facilities in National Capital Region

1801. §2675 — Leases: foreign countries

1802. §2678 — Feral horses and burros: removal from military installations

1803. §2679 — Installation-support services: intergovernmental support agreements

1804. §2680 — Minimum capital investment for facilities sustainment, restoration, and modernization for military departments

1805. §2681 — Renumbered § 4175]

1806. §2682 — Facilities for defense agencies

1807. §2683 — Relinquishment of legislative jurisdiction; minimum drinking age on military installations

1808. §2684 — Cooperative agreements for management of cultural resources

1809. §2684 — Section 1535 and chapter 63 of title 31 shall not apply to a cooperative agreement entered into under this section.

1810. § 2684a. Agreements to limit encroachments and other constraints on military training, testing, and operations

1811. §2685 — Adjustment of or surcharge on selling prices in commissary stores to provide funds for construction and improvement of commissary store facilities

1812. §2686 — Utilities and services: sale; expansion and extension of systems and facilities

1813. §2687 — Base closures and realignments

1814. § 2687a. Overseas base closures and realignments and status of United States overseas military locations

1815. §2688 — Section 2925(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(4), was struck out, and a new subsec. (a) of section 2925 of this title relating to annual reports on energy performance, resilience, and readiness of Department of Defense was added, by Pub. L. 117–263, div. A, title III, § 314(b)(1)(B) , Dec. 23, 2022 , 136 Stat. 2504 .

1816. §2688 — Utility systems: conveyance authority

1817. §2691 — Restoration of land used by permit or damaged by mishap; reimbursement of State costs of fighting wildland fires

1818. §2692 — Storage, treatment, and disposal of nondefense toxic and hazardous materials

1819. §2693 — Sentinel Landscapes Partnership

1820. §2694 — Conservation and cultural activities

1821. § 2694a. Conveyance of surplus real property for natural resource conservation

1822. Section 1 of Public Law 106–504 ( 114 Stat. 2309 ), referred to in subsec. (h)(2), is set out as a note under section 521 of Title 40 , Public Buildings, Property, and Works.

1823. § 2694b. Participation in wetland mitigation banks

1824. § 2694c. Participation in conservation banking programs

1825. § 2694d. Participation in pollutant banks and water quality trading

1826. §2695 — Acceptance of funds to cover administrative expenses relating to certain real property transactions

1827. §2696 — Real property: transfer between armed forces and screening requirements for other Federal use

1828. §2696 — Section 515 of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, referred to in subsec. (f)(1)(C), is section 515 of title I of Pub. L. 90–351 , which was classified as section 3762a of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as section 10171 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

1829. §2697 — Acceptance and use of landing fees charged for use of military airfields by civil aircraft

1830. §2700 — Definitions

1831. §2701 — Environmental restoration program

1832. §2701 — Section 2710 of this title , referred to in subsec. (k), was subsequently amended, and no longer defines the term “unexploded ordnance”.

1833. §2702 — Research, development, and demonstration program

1834. §2703 — Environmental restoration accounts

1835. §2704 — Commonly found unregulated hazardous substances

1836. §2704 — Section 104(i) of CERCLA ( 42 U.S.C. 9604(i) ) applies to facilities under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of Defense in the manner prescribed in that section.

1837. §2705 — Notice of environmental restoration activities

1838. §2707 — Environmental restoration projects for environmental responses

1839. §2708 — Contracts for handling hazardous waste from defense facilities

1840. §2709 — Investment control process for environmental technologies

1841. §2709 — Section 270(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997 ( Public Law 104–201 ; 110 Stat. 2469 ), referred to in subsec. (a), was formerly set out as a note under section 2501 of this title , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 111–84, div. A, title II, § 241 , Oct 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2237 .

1842. §2710 — Inventory of unexploded ordnance, discarded military munitions, and munitions constituents at defense sites (other than operational ranges)

1843. §2711 — Annual report on defense environmental programs

1844. §2712 — Reporting on usage and spills of aqueous film-forming foam

1845. §2713 — Native American lands environmental mitigation program

1846. §2714 — Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Task Force

1847. §2715 — Testing for perfluoroalkyl substances and polyfluoroalkyl substances at military installations and facilities of the National Guard

1848. §2716 — Budget justification document for funding relating to perfluoroalkyl substances and polyfluoroalkyl substances

1849. §2721 — Property records: maintenance on quantitative and monetary basis

1850. §2722 — Theft or loss of ammunition, destructive devices, and explosives: report to Secretary of the Treasury

1851. §2723 — Notice to congressional committees of certain security and counterintelligence failures within defense programs

1852. §2731 — Definition

1853. §2732 — Payment of claims: availability of appropriations

1854. §2733 — Property loss; personal injury or death: incident to noncombat activities of Department of Army, Navy, or Air Force

1855. § 2733a. Medical malpractice claims by members of the uniformed services

1856. §2734 — Property loss; personal injury or death: incident to noncombat activities of the armed forces; foreign countries

1857. § 2734a. Property loss; personal injury or death: incident to noncombat activities of armed forces in foreign countries; international agreements

1858. § 2734b. Property loss; personal injury or death: incident to activities of armed forces of foreign countries in United States; international agreements

1859. §2735 — Settlement: final and conclusive

1860. §2736 — Property loss; personal injury or death: advance payment

1861. §2737 — Property loss; personal injury or death: incident to use of property of the United States and not cognizable under other law

1862. §2738 — Property loss: reimbursement of members for certain losses of household effects caused by hostile action

1863. §2739 — Amounts recovered from third parties for loss or damage to personal property shipped or stored at Government expense: crediting to appropriations

1864. §2740 — Property loss: reimbursement of members and civilian employees for full replacement value of household effects when contractor reimbursement not available

1865. §2771 — Final settlement of accounts: deceased members

1866. §2772 — Share of fines and forfeitures to benefit Armed Forces Retirement Home

1867. §2773 — Designation, powers, and accountability of deputy disbursing officials

1868. § 2773a. Departmental accountable officials

1869. § 2773b. Parking of funds: prohibition; penalties

1870. §2774 — Claims for overpayment of pay and allowances and of travel and transportation allowances

1871. §2775 — Liability of members assigned to military housing

1872. §2776 — Use of receipts of public money for current expenditures

1873. §2777 — Requisitions for advances and removal of charges outstanding in accounts of advances

1874. §2779 — Use of funds because of fluctuations in currency exchange rates of foreign countries

1875. §2780 — Debt collection

1876. §2781 — Availability of appropriations: exchange fees; losses in accounts

1877. §2782 — Damage to real property: disposition of amounts recovered

1878. §2783 — Nonappropriated fund instrumentalities: financial management and use of nonappropriated funds

1879. § 2784a. Management of travel cards

1880. §2785 — Remittance addresses: regulation of alterations

1881. §2786 — Department of Defense payments by electronic transfers of funds: exercise of authority for waivers

1882. §2787 — Reports of survey

1883. §2788 — Property accountability: regulations

1884. §2789 — Individual equipment: unauthorized disposition

1885. §2790 — Recovery of improperly disposed of Department of Defense property

1886. §2801 — Scope of chapter; definitions

1887. §2801 — Section 2830 of this chapter, referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2812(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4326 .

1888. §2802 — Military construction projects

1889. §2803 — Emergency construction

1890. §2804 — Contingency construction

1891. §2805 — Unspecified minor construction

1892. §2806 — Contributions for North Atlantic Treaty Organizations Security Investment

1893. §2807 — Architectural and engineering services and construction design

1894. §2808 — Construction authority in the event of a declaration of war or national emergency

1895. §2809 — Chapter 137 of this title, referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 . For definition of “chapter 137 legacy provisions”, see section 3016 of this title .

1896. §2809 — Long-term facilities contracts for certain activities and services

1897. §2810 — Military construction projects for innovation, research, development, test, and evaluation

1898. §2811 — Repair of facilities

1899. §2812 — Lease-purchase of facilities

1900. §2813 — Acquisition of existing facilities in lieu of authorized construction

1901. §2814 — Special authority for development of Ford Island, Hawaii

1902. §2815 — Military installation resilience projects

1903. § 2815a. Stormwater management, shoreline erosion control, and water resilience projects for installations and defense access roads

1904. §2816 — Consideration of energy security and energy resilience in life-cycle cost for military construction

1905. §2817 — Authority for certain construction projects in friendly foreign countries

1906. §2818 — Contracts for design and construction of facilities of Department of Defense

1907. §2819 — Section 2838 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (e)(2)(C)(i), is section 2838 of Pub. L. 118–31 , which is set out as a note preceding section 2851 of this title .

1908. §2819 — Strategy and assessment with respect to non-operational, underutilized, and other Department of Defense facilities: assessments of historical significance

1909. §2821 — Requirement for authorization of appropriations for construction and acquisition of military family housing

1910. §2822 — Requirement for authorization of number of family housing units

1911. §2824 — Authorization for acquisition of existing family housing in lieu of construction

1912. §2825 — Improvements to family housing units

1913. §2826 — Military family housing: local comparability of room patterns and floor areas

1914. §2827 — Relocation of military family housing units

1915. §2828 — Leasing of military family housing

1916. §2829 — Multi-year contracts for supplies and services

1917. §2831 — Military family housing management account

1918. §2831 — Section 222(c) of the National Housing Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1715m(c) ), referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2120(a)(5) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2835 .

1919. §2832 — Homeowners assistance program

1920. §2833 — Family housing support

1921. §2833 — Section 222 of the National Housing Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1715m ), referred to in par. (5), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2120(a)(5) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2835 .

1922. §2834 — Participation in Department of State housing pools

1923. §2835 — Chapter 137 of this title, referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 . For definition of “chapter 137 legacy provisions”, see section 3016 of this title .

1924. §2835 — Long-term leasing of military family housing to be constructed

1925. Section 2828(g) of this title (commonly known as the “Build to Lease program”), as added by section 801 of the Military Construction Authorization Act, 1984, referred to in subsec. (d), means the subsection (g) added to section 2828 of this title by section 801 of Pub. L. 98–115 , which was repealed by Pub. L. 102–190, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2806(b) , Dec. 5, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1540 .

1926. § 2835a. Use of military family housing constructed under build and lease authority to house other members

1927. §2836 — Chapter 137 of this title, referred to in subsec. (e), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 . For definition of “chapter 137 legacy provisions”, see section 3016 of this title .

1928. §2836 — Military housing rental guarantee program

1929. §2837 — Housing Requirements and Market Analysis

1930. §2838 — Leasing of military family housing to Secretary of Defense

1931. §2839 — Application of certain authorities and standards to historic military housing and associated historic properties of the Department of the Army

1932. §2851 — Supervision of military construction projects

1933. § 2851a. Supervision of military housing by Chief Housing Officer

1934. §2852 — Military construction projects: waiver of certain restrictions

1935. §2853 — Authorized cost and scope of work variations

1936. §2854 — Restoration or replacement of damaged or destroyed facilities

1937. § 2854a. Conveyance of damaged or deteriorated military family housing; use of proceeds

1938. §2855 — Law applicable to contracts for architectural and engineering services and construction design

1939. §2856 — Military unaccompanied housing: standards

1940. § 2856a. Covered military unaccompanied housing: waivers of covered privacy and configuration standards

1941. § 2856b. Covered military unaccompanied housing: standards for habitability

1942. §2857 — Window fall prevention devices in military family housing units

1943. §2858 — Limitation on the use of funds for expediting a construction project

1944. §2859 — Construction requirements related to antiterrorism and force protection or urban-training operations

1945. §2859 — Section 2808 of the Military Construction Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2004, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 2808 of title XXVIII of div. B of Pub. L. 108–136 , Nov. 24, 2003 , 117 Stat. 1723 , which is not classified to the Code except for section 2808(e), which is set out as a note under section 2805 of this title .

1946. §2860 — Availability of appropriations

1947. §2861 — Military construction projects in connection with industrial facility investment program

1948. §2862 — Turn-key selection procedures

1949. §2863 — Payment of contractor claims

1950. §2864 — Master plans for major military installations

1951. §2864 — Section 101(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(4), was redesignated section 101(f) of this title , and a new subsec. (e) of section 101 was added, by Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVII, § 1713(a) , Dec. 22, 2023 , 137 Stat. 625 .

1952. §2865 — Work in Process Curve charts and outlay tables for military construction projects

1953. §2866 — Water conservation at military installations

1954. §2867 — Energy monitoring and utility control system specification for military construction and military family housing activities

1955. §2868 — Utility services: furnishing for certain buildings

1956. §2869 — Exchange of property at military installations

1957. §2869 — Section 2684a(d) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(A)(iii), was redesignated section 2684a(e) of this title by Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title III, § 314(1) , Dec. 22, 2023 , 137 Stat. 216 .

1958. §2871 — Definitions

1959. §2872 — General authority

1960. § 2872a. Utilities and services

1961. § 2872b. Treatment of breach of contract

1962. §2873 — Direct loans and loan guarantees

1963. §2874 — Leasing of housing

1964. §2875 — Investments

1965. §2876 — Rental guarantees

1966. §2877 — Differential lease payments

1967. §2878 — Conveyance or lease of existing property and facilities

1968. §2879 — Renumbered § 2857]

1969. §2880 — Unit size and type

1970. §2881 — Ancillary supporting facilities

1971. § 2881a. Pilot projects for acquisition or construction of military unaccompanied housing

1972. §2882 — Effect of assignment of members to housing units acquired or constructed under alternative authority

1973. §2883 — Department of Defense Housing Funds

1974. § 2883a. Funds for housing allowances of members of the armed forces assigned to certain military family housing units

1975. §2884 — Reports

1976. §2885 — Oversight and accountability for privatization projects

1977. §2890 — Rights and responsibilities of tenants of housing units

1978. §2891 — Requirements relating to contracts for provision of housing units

1979. § 2891a. Requirements relating to management of housing units

1980. § 2891b. Considerations of eligible entity housing history in contracts for privatized military housing

1981. § 2891c. Transparency regarding finances and performance metrics

1982. §2892 — Maintenance work order system for housing units

1983. § 2892a. Access by tenants to historical maintenance information

1984. § 2892b. Prohibition on requirement to disclose personally identifiable information in requests for certain maintenance

1985. §2893 — Treatment of incentive fees for landlords of housing units for failure to remedy health or environmental hazards

1986. §2894 — Landlord-tenant dispute resolution process and treatment of certain payments during process

1987. § 2894a. Complaint database

1988. §2901 — Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program

1989. §2902 — Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program Council

1990. §2903 — Executive Director

1991. §2904 — Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program Scientific Advisory Board

1992. §2911 — Energy policy of the Department of Defense

1993. §2911 — Section 312 of Pub. L. 115–91 amended subsec. (c) of this section, and section 2831(a)(2) and (4) of Pub. L. 115–91 respectively redesignated subsec. (c) as (e) and made amendments substantially identical to those made by section 312. Pub. L. 116–92 subsequently amended subsec. (e) to address the duplicate amendments. See 2019 and 2017 Amendment notes below.

1994. §2912 — Availability and use of energy cost savings

1995. §2913 — Energy savings contracts and activities

1996. §2914 — Military construction projects for energy resilience, energy security, and energy conservation

1997. §2915 — Facilities: use of renewable forms of energy and energy efficient products

1998. §2916 — Sale of electricity from alternate energy and cogeneration production facilities

1999. §2916 — Section 2911(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was, prior to amendment by Pub. L. 115–91 , a reference to section 2911(b) of this title . Pub. L. 115–91 redesignated subsec. (b) of section 2911, relating to the development of an energy performance master plan, as (d), not (c).

2000. §2917 — Development of geothermal energy on military lands

2001. §2918 — Fuel sources for heating systems; prohibition on converting certain heating facilities

2002. §2919 — Department of Defense participation in programs for management of energy demand or reduction of energy usage during peak periods

2003. §2920 — Energy resilience and energy security measures on military installations

2004. §2921 — Energy efficiency targets for data centers

2005. §2922 — Liquid fuels and natural gas: contracts for storage, handling, or distribution

2006. § 2922a. Contracts for energy or fuel for military installations

2007. § 2922b. Procurement of energy systems using renewable forms of energy

2008. § 2922c. Procurement of gasohol as motor vehicle fuel

2009. Section 4081 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 4081 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

2010. § 2922d. Procurement of fuel derived from coal, oil shale, and tar sands

2011. § 2922e. Acquisition of certain fuel sources: authority to waive contract procedures; acquisition by exchange; sales authority

2012. § 2922f. Preference for energy efficient electric equipment

2013. § 2922g. Preference for motor vehicles using electric or hybrid propulsion systems; purchase or lease of certain electric and other vehicles

2014. § 2922i. Multiyear contracts: purchase of electricity from renewable energy sources

2015. § 2922j. Annual report on purchase of drop-in fuel

2016. §2924 — Definitions

2017. §2925 — Annual report on energy performance, resilience, and readiness of Department of Defense

2018. §2926 — Operational energy

2019. §2927 — Global bulk fuel management and delivery

2020. §2928 — Programs on reduction of fuel reliance and promotion of energy-aware behaviors

2021. §3001 — Defense acquisition system; element of the defense acquisition system

2022. §3001 — Section 2545 of this title , which was transferred or copied in large part to this section by Pub. L. 116–283, § 1806(a)(2) –(4), was also transferred to section 3101 of this title by Pub. L. 116–283, § 1808(a)(2) .

2023. §3002 — Federal Acquisition Regulation

2024. §3004 — Head of an agency

2025. §3006 — Acquisition workforce

2026. §3011 — Definitions incorporated from title 41

2027. §3012 — Competitive procedures

2028. §3013 — Technical data

2029. §3014 — Nontraditional defense contractor

2030. §3015 — Simplified acquisition threshold

2031. §3016 — Chapter 137 legacy provisions

2032. §3041 — Major system

2033. §3042 — Major defense acquisition program

2034. §3062 — Regulations

2035. §3063 — Covered agencies

2036. §3064 — Applicability of chapter 137 legacy provisions

2037. §3065 — Assignment and delegation of procurement functions and responsibilities: delegation within agency

2038. §3066 — Assignment and delegation of procurement functions and responsibilities: procurements for or with other agencies

2039. §3067 — Approval required for military department termination or reduction in participation in joint acquisition programs

2040. §3068 — Inapplicability of certain laws

2041. §3069 — Buy-to-budget acquisition: end items

2042. §3070 — Limitation on acquisition of excess supplies

2043. §3072 — Comptroller General assessment of acquisition programs and initiatives

2044. §3072 — Section 3076, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 170 , related to composition of Army Reserve. See section 10104 of this title .

2045. §3072 — Section 3077, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 170 , related to composition of Army National Guard of United States. See section 10105 of this title .

2046. §3072 — Section 3078, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 171 , provided that Army National Guard is a component of Army while in service of United States. See section 10106 of this title .

2047. §3072 — Section 3079, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 171 , related to status of Army National Guard of United States when not in Federal service. See section 10107 of this title .

2048. §3072 — Section 3080, added Pub. L. 86–603, § 1(2)(A) , July 7, 1960 , 74 Stat. 357 , related to authority of officers of Army National Guard of United States with respect to Federal status. See section 10215 of this title .

2049. §3101 — Definitions

2050. §3101 — Section 2545 of this title , which was transferred to this section by Pub. L. 116–283, § 1808(a)(2) , was also transferred or copied in large part to section 3001 of this title by Pub. L. 116–283, § 1806(a)(2) –(4).

2051. §3102 — Customer-oriented acquisition system

2052. §3103 — Civilian management of the defense acquisition system

2053. §3104 — Acquisition-related functions of chiefs of the armed forces

2054. §3105 — Elements of the defense acquisition system: performance assessments

2055. §3106 — Elements of the defense acquisition system: performance goals

2056. §3131 — Availability of appropriations

2057. §3132 — Availability of appropriations for procurement of technical military equipment and supplies

2058. §3133 — Contracts for periods crossing fiscal years: severable service contracts; leases of real or personal property

2059. §3134 — Allocation of appropriations

2060. §3135 — Comparable budgeting for common procurement weapon systems

2061. §3136 — Defense Modernization Account

2062. §3138 — Obligations for contract services: reporting in budget object classes

2063. §3151 — Joint policy requirement

2064. §3152 — Requirements definition matters covered

2065. §3153 — Contingency program management matters covered

2066. §3154 — Contingency contracting matters covered

2067. §3154 — Section 1035 of the John Warner National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2007, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 1035 of Pub. L. 109–364 , div. A, title X, Oct. 17, 2006 , 120 Stat. 2388 , which is not classified to the Code.

2068. §3155 — Training for personnel outside acquisition workforce

2069. §3156 — Mission readiness exercises

2070. §3157 — Definitions; applicability

2071. §3201 — Full and open competition

2072. §3203 — Exclusion of particular source or restriction of solicitation to small business concerns

2073. §3204 — Use of procedures other than competitive procedures

2074. §3205 — Simplified procedures for small purchases

2075. §3206 — Planning and solicitation requirements

2076. §3207 — Assessment before contract for acquisition of supplies is entered into

2077. §3208 — Planning for future competition in contracts for major systems

2078. §3208 — Section 3213, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 176 , prescribed authorized strength of Regular Army in warrant officers on active list.

2079. §3208 — Section 3214, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 176 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(64) , 72 Stat. 1463 , prescribed authorized strength of Regular Army in enlisted members on active duty, exclusive of officer candidates.

2080. §3208 — Section 3217, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(69)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1463 , related to authorized strength of Army in reserve commissioned officers in active status. See section 12003 of this title .

2081. §3208 — Section 3218, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(69)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1463 ; amended Pub. L. 96–107, title III, § 302(a) , Nov. 9, 1979 , 93 Stat. 806 ; Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 ; Pub. L. 102–190, div. A, title X, § 1061(a)(20)(B) , Dec. 5, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1473 , related to authorized strength of Army in reserve general officers in active status. See section 12004 of this title .

2082. §3208 — Section 3219, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(69)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1464 , related to authorized strength of Army in reserve commissioned officers in active status in grades below brigadier general. See section 12005(a) of this title .

2083. §3208 — Section 3220, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(69)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1464 ; amended Pub. L. 95–485, title VIII, § 820(c)(4) , Oct. 20, 1978 , 92 Stat. 1627 , related to distribution of reserve commissioned officers by Secretary of the Army. See section 12007 of this title .

2084. §3221 — Director of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation

2085. §3222 — Independent cost estimate required before approval

2086. §3223 — Director: review of cost estimates, cost analyses, and records of the military departments and Defense Agencies

2087. §3224 — Director: participation, concurrence, and approval in cost estimation

2088. §3225 — Discussion of risk in cost estimates

2089. §3226 — Estimates for program baseline and analyses and targets for contract negotiation purposes

2090. §3227 — Guidelines and collection method for acquisition of cost data

2091. §3241 — Design-build selection procedures

2092. §3242 — Supplies: economic order quantities

2093. §3243 — Encouragement of new competitors: qualification requirement

2094. §3247 — Contracts: regulations for bids

2095. §3249 — Advocates for competition

2096. §3252 — Requirements for information relating to supply chain risk

2097. §3252 — Section 3254, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 178 , provided for temporary enlistments in the Army during war or emergency.

2098. §3252 — Section 3255, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 178 , provided for recruiting campaigns to obtain enlistments in the Regular Army.

2099. §3252 — Section 3256, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 178 , set forth qualifications for and term of enlistments in the Regular Army and the grade in which such enlistments were made.

2100. §3252 — Section 3259, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 179 ; Sept. 29, 1988 , Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to transfers in grade of enlisted members of Army National Guard of United States to Army Reserve. See section 12105 of this title .

2101. §3252 — Section 3260, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 179 , provided that enlisted members of Army National Guard of United States are transferred to Army Reserve upon withdrawal as members of Army National Guard. See section 12106 of this title .

2102. §3252 — Section 3261, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 179 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 33(a)(20) , 72 Stat. 1565 ; Oct. 4, 1961 , Pub. L. 87–378, § 3 , 75 Stat. 808 , related to enlistment in Army National Guard of United States. See section 12107 of this title .

2103. §3252 — Section 3284, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 181 , provided that appointments in commissioned grades in Regular Army be made by President, by and with the advice and consent of Senate. See section 531 of this title .

2104. §3252 — Section 3285, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 181 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(72) , 72 Stat. 1465 , prescribed eligibility requirements for original appointment in a commissioned grade in Regular Army, except in Medical Corps or Dental Corps and except a graduating cadet. See section 532 of this title .

2105. §3252 — Section 3286, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 181 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(73) , 72 Stat. 1465 , prescribed age limitations for original appointment in a commissioned grade in Regular Army, except in Medical Corps, Dental Corps, Army Nurse Corps, or Army Medical Specialist Corps. See section 532 of this title .

2106. §3252 — Section 3287, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 182 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(74) , 72 Stat. 1466 , provided service credit, in the discretion of the Secretary of the Army, for a person originally appointed in a commissioned grade in the Regular Army, except the Medical Corps, Dental Corps, Army Nurse Corps, or Army Medical Specialist Corps, for the purpose of determining grade, position on a promotion list, seniority in his grade in the Regular Army, and eligibility for promotion, with appointment and service credit restrictions on persons who were cadets at the United States Military, Naval, or Air Force Academies but were not graduated, and a disallowance of service credits under this section for persons who graduated from one of these Academies. See section 533 of this title .

2107. §3252 — Section 3288, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 183 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title I, § 101(7) , 71 Stat. 376 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(75) , 72 Stat. 1466 , provided for determination of grade of a person originally appointed as a commissioned officer in Regular Army, except in Medical Corps, Dental Corps, Army Nurse Corps, or Army Medical Specialist Corps. See section 533 of this title .

2108. §3252 — Section 3289, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 183 , provided that no person be originally appointed as a first lieutenant in Regular Army in Medical Corps until he passes an examination of his professional fitness before an examining board composed of at least three officers of Medical Corps designated by Secretary of the Army. See section 532 of this title .

2109. §3252 — Section 3290, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 183 , provided that an original appointment in Regular Army in Medical Service Corps be made only in grade of second lieutenant and from members of Regular Army, reserves not in an inactive status, or graduates of an accredited school of pharmacy or optometry, or of a school or college who hold a degree in a science allied to medicine or any other degree approved by Surgeon General. See section 532 of this title .

2110. §3252 — Section 3291, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 183 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title I, § 101(8) , 71 Stat. 376 ; Sept. 30, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–609, § 1(4) , 80 Stat. 852 , prescribed eligibility requirements for an original appointment in Regular Army in Army Nurse Corps or Army Medical Specialist Corps in grade of second lieutenant, first lieutenant, and captain and provided for determination of years of service creditable for promotion. See section 532 of this title .

2111. §3252 — Section 3292, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 184 , provided that original appointments in commissioned grades in Regular Army in Judge Advocate General’s Corps be made from officers of Regular Army in other branches, reserve commissioned officers assigned to Judge Advocate General’s Corps, or qualified civilian graduates of accredited law schools. See section 532 of this title .

2112. §3252 — Section 3293, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 184 , provided that no person in civil life be originally appointed as a chaplain in Regular Army unless he has passed an examination prescribed by President as to his morale, mental, and physical qualifications. See section 532 of this title .

2113. §3252 — Section 3294, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 184 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(77) , 72 Stat. 1467 , provided that original appointments in Regular Army be made in grades of first lieutenant through colonel in Medical Corps or Dental Corps as the Army requires, from qualified doctors of medicine, osteopathy, or dentistry who are citizens of the United States and have such other qualifications as the Secretary of the Army prescribes, with specific additional eligibility requirements for a doctor of osteopathy, and that officers so appointed receive service credit for determining grade, position on a promotion list, seniority in grade in Regular Army, and eligibility for promotion. See section 532 of this title .

2114. §3252 — Section 3295, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 184 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(78) , 72 Stat. 1467 , provided for determination of the place on a promotion list of name of each person who is originally appointed in a commissioned grade in Regular Army and whose name is to be carried on a promotion list, other than persons appointed in Medical Corps, Dental Corps, Army Nurse Corps, or Army Medical Specialist Corps. See section 624 of this title .

2115. §3252 — Section 3296, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 184 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title I, § 101(10) , 71 Stat. 377 ; Aug. 6, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–600, § 1(5) , 72 Stat. 522 ; June 4, 1968 , Pub. L. 90–329 , 82 Stat. 170 ; Oct. 20, 1978 , Pub. L. 95–485, title VIII, § 820(d)(2) , 92 Stat. 1627 ; Oct. 30, 1978 , Pub. L. 95–551, § 2 , 92 Stat. 2069 , provided for promotion lists in Regular Army for all commissioned officers in grades below brigadier general on active list, with exceptions, which officers are known as “promotion-list officers”, a separate list for Chaplains and each of the several branches of Army Medical Department, and determination of place on list upon transfer or promotion. See section 624 of this title .

2116. §3252 — Section 3297, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 185 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title I, § 101(11) , 71 Stat. 377 ; July 12, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–616, § 1(1) , 74 Stat. 386 ; Oct. 20, 1978 , Pub. L. 95–485, title VIII, § 820(d)(3) , 92 Stat. 1627 , provided for selection boards to recommend promotion-list officers and brigadier generals of Regular Army for promotion in Regular Army. See section 611 et seq. of this title.

2117. §3252 — Section 3298, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 185 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title I, § 101(12) , 71 Stat. 377 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(10)(A) , 81 Stat. 375 , provided for promotion from grade of second lieutenant to first lieutenant after 3 years of service, discharge under section 3814 of this title upon failure of promotion, and filling vacancies for first lieutenants with second lieutenants prior to completion of 3 years of service. See section 630 of this title .

2118. §3252 — Section 3299, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 186 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title I, § 101(13) , 71 Stat. 377 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 33(a)(21) , 72 Stat. 1565 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(10)(B) , 81 Stat. 375 , provided that promotion-list officers be promoted to regular grades of captain, major, and lieutenant colonel, after specified length of service or without regard to length of service in view of actual or anticipated vacancies if Secretary of the Army so directs, or be eliminated from active list under section 3303 of this title and a promotion-list officer who has twice been considered and not recommended for promotion to any one regular grade not be again considered for promotion under this section. See sections 631 and 632 of this title.

2119. §3252 — Section 3300, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 186 ; July 12, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–616, § 1(2) , 74 Stat. 386 , provided for selection board procedure when promotion-list officers in regular grade of first lieutenant, captain, or major are to be considered for promotion under section 3299 of this title . See section 611 et seq. of this title.

2120. §3301 — Basis of award and rejection

2121. §3302 — Sealed bids

2122. §3303 — Competitive proposals

2123. §3304 — Post-award debriefings

2124. §3305 — Pre-award debriefings

2125. §3306 — Encouragement of alternative dispute resolution

2126. §3307 — Antitrust violations

2127. §3308 — Protests

2128. §3309 — Prohibition on release of contractor proposals

2129. §3309 — Section 3312, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 193 , provided that an officer who is promoted in Regular Army is considered to have accepted his promotion on date of the order announcing it, unless he expressly declines it, without the need to take oath of office upon promotion if his service since last taking it has been continuous. See section 626 of this title .

2130. §3309 — Section 3313, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 193 , provided that in time of war or national emergency declared by Congress or President, President may suspend operation of provision of law relating to promotion, mandatory retirement, or separation of commissioned officers of the Regular Army. See section 123(a) and (b) of this title.

2131. §3309 — Section 3314, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(79)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1467 , provided that promotion to a higher grade of a commissioned officer of Regular Army who is on a recommendation list awaiting promotion not be withheld or delayed because of original appointment of any other person to a commissioned grade in Regular Army and that this section does not apply to appointments in Medical Corps, Dental Corps, Army Nurse Corps, or Army Medical Specialist Corps. See section 624 of this title .

2132. §3321 — Contracts awarded using procedures other than sealed-bid procedures

2133. §3322 — Cost contracts

2134. §3323 — Cost-plus contracting prohibited for military construction and military family housing projects

2135. §3344 — Disclosure of identity of contractor

2136. §3344 — Section 3353, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(B) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1468 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(8) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 265 ; Pub. L. 96–513, title II, § 205(a) , Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2881 ; Pub. L. 97–22, § 5(c) , July 10, 1981 , 95 Stat. 128 ; Pub. L. 98–94, title X, § 1007(c)(3) , Sept. 24, 1983 , 97 Stat. 662 ; Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title VII, § 714(b) , Dec. 4, 1987 , 101 Stat. 1112 ; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title V, § 509(b) , Nov. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1647 , related to service credit upon original appointment as reserve commissioned officer in Army. See section 12207 of this title .

2137. §3344 — Section 3354, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 194 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(C) , 72 Stat. 1468 , related to appointment of warrant officers and enlisted members of Army National Guard of United States as reserve officers.

2138. §3344 — Section 3357, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 194 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(60) , (80)(D), 72 Stat. 1462 , 1468, related to eligibility for appointment as reserve officer for service in Army Reserve in Army Nurse Corps or Army Medical Specialist Corps.

2139. §3344 — Section 3359, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1469 ; amended Pub. L. 98–94, title X, § 1014(a) , Sept. 24, 1983 , 97 Stat. 666 ; Pub. L. 98–525, title V, § 521(a) , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2522 ; Pub. L. 99–145, title V, § 521(a) , Nov. 8, 1985 , 99 Stat. 631 ; Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title V, § 502(a) , Dec. 4, 1987 , 101 Stat. 1085 ; Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title V, § 503(a) , Nov. 29, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1437 ; Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title V, § 519(a) , Oct. 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 2408 ; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title V, § 514(a) , Nov. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1649 ; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title V, § 511(a) , Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 298 , related to determination of grade upon original appointment as reserve officer of Army. See section 12201 et seq. of this title.

2140. §3344 — Section 3360, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1469 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(9) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 266 ; Pub. L. 96–513, title V , §§ 502(10), 512(4), Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2910 , 2929; Pub. L. 98–94, title X, § 1016(b) , Sept. 24, 1983 , 97 Stat. 668 , related to service required for promotion of Reserve commissioned officers. See section 14001 et seq. of this title.

2141. §3344 — Section 3362, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1470 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(10) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 266 , related to convening of selection boards to consider Reserve commissioned officers for promotion. See section 14101 et seq. of this title.

2142. §3344 — Section 3363, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1470 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(11) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 266 ; Pub. L. 95–485, title VIII, § 820(e)(1) , Oct. 20, 1978 , 92 Stat. 1627 ; Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to requirements and procedures for promotion of officers in reserve grades. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2143. §3344 — Section 3364, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1471 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(12) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 266 ; Pub. L. 95–485, title VIII, § 820(e)(2) –(4), Oct. 20, 1978 , 92 Stat. 1627 ; Pub. L. 98–525, title V, § 512 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2521 ; Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(4) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to commissioned reserve officers’ selection for promotion, order of promotion, zone of consideration lists, and declinations of promotion. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2144. §3344 — Section 3365, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1472 , related to promotion of second lieutenants of Army Reserve. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2145. §3344 — Section 3366, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1472 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(13) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 267 ; Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(11)(A) , Nov. 8, 1967 , 81 Stat. 375 , related to promotion of first lieutenants, captains, and majors of Army Reserve or Army National Guard of United States. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2146. §3344 — Section 3367, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1473 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(14) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 268 ; Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(11)(B) , Nov. 8, 1967 , 81 Stat. 375 , related to promotion of first lieutenants, captains, and majors of Army Reserve to fill vacancies. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2147. §3344 — Section 3368, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1474 , related to second consideration for promotion of first lieutenants, captains, and majors of Army Reserve. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2148. §3344 — Section 3369, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1474 , related to first promotion of reserve officers not assigned to unit after transfer from unit or from Army National Guard of United States.

2149. §3344 — Section 3370, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1474 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(15) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 269 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(11)(C) , (D), 81 Stat. 375 ; Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(5) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to promotion of officers to grade of colonel to fill vacancies. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2150. §3371 — Undefinitized contractual actions: required description of anticipated effect on military department requirements if use of undefinitized contractual action results in delay

2151. §3372 — Undefinitized contractual actions: requirements and limitations relating to definitization of contractual terms, specifications, and price

2152. §3373 — Undefinitized contractual actions: limitation on inclusion of non-urgent requirements and on modification of scope

2153. §3374 — Undefinitized contractual actions: allowable profit

2154. §3375 — Undefinitized contractual actions: time limit

2155. §3377 — Inapplicability to Coast Guard and National Aeronautics and Space Administration; definitions

2156. §3377 — Section 3378, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1476 , related to promotion of reserve commissioned officers removed from active status. See section 14317(a) of this title .

2157. §3377 — Section 3380, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1476 ; amended Pub. L. 98–94, title X, § 1015(a)(1) , Sept. 24, 1983 , 97 Stat. 667 ; Pub. L. 99–145, title V, § 521(b) , Nov. 8, 1985 , 99 Stat. 631 ; Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title V, § 502(b)(1) , Dec. 4, 1987 , 101 Stat. 1085 ; Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title V, § 503(b)(1) , Nov. 29, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1437 ; Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title V, § 519(b) , Oct. 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 2408 ; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title V, § 514(b) , Nov. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1649 ; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title V, § 511(b) , Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 298 , related to promotion of reserve commissioned officers on active duty and not on the active duty list. See section 14311(e) of this title .

2158. §3377 — Section 3382, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1476 , related to promotion of second lieutenants of Army Reserve assigned to units. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2159. §3377 — Section 3383, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1477 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(16) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 270 ; Pub. L. 88–620, § 2 , Oct. 3, 1964 , 78 Stat. 999 ; Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(11)(E) , Nov. 8, 1967 , 81 Stat. 376 ; Pub. L. 95–485, title VIII, § 820(e)(5) , Oct. 20, 1978 , 92 Stat. 1627 , related to promotion of officers of Army Reserve to grades of first lieutenant, captain, major, lieutenant colonel, and colonel to fill vacancies. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2160. §3377 — Section 3384, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1477 , related to promotion of officers of Army Reserve to grades of brigadier general or major general to fill vacancies. See section 14315 of this title .

2161. §3377 — Section 3385, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1477 , related to promotion of officers of Army National Guard of United States upon Federal recognition. See section 14308(f) of this title .

2162. §3377 — Section 3386, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1478 , related to promotion of reserve commissioned officers upon release from active duty. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2163. §3377 — Section 3388, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1478 , related to effect of commissioned officer of Army Reserve entering upon active duty while eligible for promotion. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2164. §3377 — Section 3389, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1478 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(17) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 270 , related to promotion of commissioned officers of Army Reserve or Army National Guard of United States to higher reserve grades after temporary appointments. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2165. §3377 — Section 3390, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1478 ; amended Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to procedure for promotion to higher reserve grade of officer of Army National Guard of United States after temporary appointment. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2166. §3377 — Section 3392, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1479 ; amended Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to appointment of adjutants general or assistant adjutants general as reserve officers of Army. See section 12215(a) of this title .

2167. §3377 — Section 3393, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(80)(E) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1479 , provided that sea or foreign service not be made condition for promotion of reserve commissioned officers in reserve grades.

2168. §3377 — Section 3394, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 195 , related to acceptance of promotion by officers of Army National Guard of United States or Army Reserve. See section 14309 of this title .

2169. §3377 — Section 3395, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 195 , related to appointment of reserve officers in time of war. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

2170. §3377 — Section 3396, added Pub. L. 96–513, title II, § 206(a) , Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2884 , provided that chapter, except section 3353, did not apply to reserve officers on active-duty list.

2171. §3401 — Task and delivery order contracts: definitions

2172. §3403 — Task and delivery order contracts: general authority

2173. §3405 — Task order contracts: advisory and assistance services

2174. §3406 — Section 3441, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 195 , provided that temporary appointments be made only in the Army without specification of component.

2175. §3406 — Section 3442, act Aug. 10, 1056, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 195 , provided that a regular commissioned officer, or a reserve commissioned officer who is serving on active duty, may be appointed, based upon ability and efficiency with regard being given to seniority and age, in a temporary grade that is equal to or higher than his regular or reserve grade, without vacating any other grade held by him. See section 601 of this title .

2176. §3406 — Section 3444, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 196 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(81)(A) , 72 Stat. 1480 , authorized the President, in time of war or national emergency, to appoint any qualified person, including a person who is not a Regular or Reserve, in any temporary grade, provided for vacation of the appointment, and permitted, for purposes of determining grade, position on a promotion list, seniority in temporary grade, and eligibility for promotion, an officer of the Medical Corps or Dental Corps who is appointed in a temporary grade to be credited, when he enters active duty, with constructive service authorized by section 3294(b) of this title . See section 603 of this title .

2177. §3406 — Section 3445, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 196 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(81)(B) , 72 Stat. 1480 , provided that in addition to the temporary appointments authorized, in time of war or national emergency, a regular officer or a reserve warrant officer may be appointed in any temporary grade higher than his regular or reserve grade, without vacating that grade, or a person who holds no commissioned grade in the Regular Army be appointed in any temporary commissioned grade. See section 603 of this title .

2178. §3406 — Section 3447, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 196 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(81)(D) , 72 Stat. 1480 ; Sept. 28, 1971 , Pub. L. 92–129, title VI, § 602 , 85 Stat. 361 , provided that temporary appointment of a person be made without reference to any other appointment that he may hold in the Army, temporary appointments of commissioned officers in the Regular Army be made by the President alone in grades below lieutenant colonel and by the President, by and with the consent of the Senate, in grades of lieutenant colonel and above, temporary appointments of commissioned officers in the reserve components of the Army be made by the President alone in grades below lieutenant colonel and by the President, by and with the consent of the Senate, in grades above major, and that the President may vacate at any time a temporary appointment in a commissioned grade. See section 601 of this title .

2179. §3406 — Section 3448, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 197 ; Aug. 8, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–603, § 1(2) , 72 Stat. 526 , authorized the Secretary of the Army, upon his determination of need, to appoint qualified persons as warrant officers, with such appointments to continue at the pleasure of the Secretary, and such warrant officers entitled to count all periods of active duty under the appointment as warrant or enlisted service for all purposes and to the benefits of all laws and regulations applicable to the retirement, pensions, and disability of members of the Army on active duty. See section 602 of this title .

2180. §3406 — Section 3449, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 197 , provided that temporary promotions in warrant officer grades be governed by such regulations as the Secretary of the Army prescribe. See section 602 of this title .

2181. §3406 — Task and delivery order contracts: orders

2182. §3451 — Definitions

2183. §3452 — Relationship of other provisions of law to procurement of commercial products and commercial services

2184. §3453 — Preference for commercial products and commercial services

2185. §3455 — Procurement of a major weapon system as a commercial product: requirement for prior determination by Secretary of Defense and notification to Congress

2186. §3455 — Section 2430 of this title , referred to in subsec. (f), was transferred to sections 4201, 4202, and 4204 of this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1846(c)(1) , (d)(1), (f)(1), Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4248–4250 . Section 4201 of this title defines “major defense acquisition program”.

2187. §3456 — Commercial product and commercial service determinations by Department of Defense

2188. §3457 — Section 1821(a)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 116–260 transferred chapter 140 of this title (§§ 2375 to 2380b) to this chapter and renumbered all the sections within it, except for final section 2380b. At that point, the last two sections of this chapter were this section (renumbered from section 2380a) followed by section 2380b. Section 1821(b)(7)(A) subsequently struck out “the heading of the final section of” this chapter, which was executed by incorporating the text of former section 2380b at the end of this section. The text of section 2380b of this title was based on Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title VIII, § 877(a) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2311 ; Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 836(d)(7) , (8)(G), Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 1868 , 1869; Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title XVII, § 1731(a)(47) , Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 1815 .

2189. §3457 — Section 3492, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 198 , provided for extension of active service of Army members during war. See section 671a of this title .

2190. §3457 — Section 3493, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 198 , empowered the President to order commissioned officers of the Army Reserve to active duty with the Corps of Engineers.

2191. §3457 — Section 3495, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 198 , provided that members of Army National Guard of United States were not in active Federal service except when ordered thereto under law. See section 12401 of this title .

2192. §3457 — Section 3496, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 198 , authorized President to order commissioned officers of Army National Guard of United States to active duty in National Guard Bureau. See section 12402(a), (b)(1) of this title.

2193. §3457 — Section 3497, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 199 , provided that members of Army National Guard of United States ordered to active duty were to be ordered to duty as Reserves of Army. See section 12403 of this title .

2194. §3457 — Section 3498, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 199 , related to organization during initial mobilization of units of Army National Guard of United States ordered into active Federal service. See section 12404 of this title .

2195. §3457 — Section 3499, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 199 , related to application of laws governing Army to members of Army National Guard called into Federal service. See section 12405 of this title .

2196. §3457 — Section 3500, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 199 ; Sept. 29, 1988 , Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , (3), 102 Stat. 2059 , authorized President to call Army National Guard units and members into Federal service. See section 12406 of this title .

2197. §3457 — Treatment of certain products and services as commercial products and commercial services

2198. §3458 — Authority to acquire innovative commercial products and commercial services using general solicitation competitive procedures

2199. §3501 — Multiyear contracts: acquisition of property

2200. §3501 — Section 3501, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 199 ; Sept. 29, 1988 , Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to period of service and apportionment of members and units of Army National Guard called into Federal service. See section 12407 of this title .

2201. §3501 — Section 3502, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 200 , related to physical examinations of members of Army National Guard called into Federal service. See section 12408 of this title .

2202. §3501 — Section 3504, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 200 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(83) , 72 Stat. 1481 , authorized the President to order any retired member of the Regular Army to active duty.

2203. §3531 — Multiyear contracts: acquisition of services

2204. §3531 — Section 3531, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 201 , related to appointment of a general officer of the Army as the Chief of Staff to the President.

2205. §3531 — Section 3532, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 201 , provided that a colonel on the active list of the Regular Army who is detailed as special assistant to the Comptroller of the Department of Defense, has the grade of brigadier general while so serving, unless he is entitled to a higher grade.

2206. §3531 — Section 3538, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 202 , provided for detail of officers of Ordinance Corps of the Army to serve with the Geological Survey.

2207. §3531 — Section 3539, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 202 , provided for detail of officers of Army Medical Service for duty with the Service to Armed Forces Division of American National Red Cross and for detail of an officer of Medical Corps of the Army to be in charge of first-aid department of American National Red Cross. See section 711a of this title .

2208. §3531 — Section 3541, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 202 , authorized President to assign regular and reserve Army officers to National Guard Bureau. See section 10507 of this title .

2209. §3531 — Section 3542, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 202 , authorized President to detail certain officers as chief and assistant chief of staff of divisions of Army National Guard in Federal service. See section 12502(a) of this title .

2210. §3531 — Section 3544, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 203 , restricted performance of civil functions by commissioned officers of Regular Army. See section 973 of this title .

2211. §3531 — Section 3545, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 203 , provided that cooking for enlisted members of Army should be superintended by officers of organizations to which members belonged.

2212. §3551 — Multiyear procurement authority: purchase of dinitrogen tetroxide, hydrazine, and hydrazine-related products

2213. §3571 — Simplified acquisition threshold

2214. §3572 — Implementation of simplified acquisition procedures

2215. §3573 — Micro-purchase threshold

2216. §3573 — Section 3573, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 204 , specified the date of rank of an officer whose regular grade is brigadier general and the date of rank of an officer whose regular grade is major general and provided that the names of general officers of the Regular Army be carried on a seniority list in the order of seniority in both regular grade and date of rank. See section 741 of this title .

2217. §3573 — Section 3574, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 205 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861 , §§ 1(86), 33(a)(24), 72 Stat. 1481 , 1565, provided for determination of rank of commissioned officers of the same grade in the Regular Army who are on the same promotion list, rank of commissioned officers of the same grade in the Regular Army who are not on the same promotion list or not on a promotion list, and rank among graduates of each class at the United States Military, Naval, or Air Force Academies who, upon graduation, are appointed to the Regular Army. See section 741 of this title .

2218. §3573 — Section 3576, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 205 , provided for command when different commands of the Army and Marine Corps joined or served together. See section 747 of this title .

2219. §3573 — Section 3578, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 205 , provided for command when two or more commissioned officers of the Army in the same grade were on duty at the same place. See section 749 of this title .

2220. §3573 — Section 3611, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 206 , provided that the President could prescribe the uniform of the Army.

2221. §3573 — Section 3612, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 206 , provided for disposition of uniforms of enlisted members of Army who were discharged and for disposition of uniforms of and issuance of civilian clothing to enlisted members of Army who were discharged otherwise than honorably.

2222. §3573 — Section 3632, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 207 , provided for forfeiture of pay during absence from duty due to disease from intemperate use of alcohol or drugs. See section 802 of Title 37 , Pay and Allowances of the Uniformed Services.

2223. §3573 — Section 3633, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 207 , provided for forfeiture of pay of commissioned officers when dropped from rolls. See section 803 of Title 37 .

2224. §3601 — Procedures for urgent acquisition and deployment of capabilities needed in response to urgent operational needs or vital national security interest

2225. §3602 — Middle tier of acquisition for rapid prototyping and rapid fielding

2226. §3603 — Software acquisition pathways

2227. §3604 — Program to accelerate the procurement and fielding of innovative technologies

2228. §3671 — Requirement for authorization by law of certain contracts relating to vessels, aircraft, and combat vehicles

2229. §3672 — Requirement of specific authorization by law for appropriation, and for obligation and expenditure, of funds for certain contracts relating to aircraft, naval vessels, and combat vehicles

2230. §3673 — Limitation on indemnification

2231. §3674 — Long-term lease or charter defined; substantial termination liability

2232. §3674 — Section 168 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), is classified to section 168 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

2233. §3675 — Capital lease or lease-purchase treated as an acquisition

2234. §3676 — Guidelines

2235. §3677 — Contracts for lease or use of vessels for a term of greater than two years but less than five years: prior notice to congressional committees

2236. §3678 — Contracts with terms of 18 months or more: limitation

2237. §3681 — Leasing of commercial vehicles and equipment

2238. §3701 — Definitions

2239. §3702 — Required cost or pricing data and certification

2240. §3703 — Exceptions

2241. §3704 — Cost or pricing data on below-threshold contracts

2242. §3705 — Submission of other information

2243. §3706 — Price reductions for defective cost or pricing data

2244. §3707 — Interest and penalties for certain overpayments

2245. §3707 — Section 6621 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(B), is classified to section 6621 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

2246. §3708 — Right to examine contractor records

2247. §3741 — Definitions

2248. §3742 — Adjustment of threshold amount of covered contract

2249. §3743 — Effect of submission of unallowable costs

2250. §3744 — Section 4 of the Buy American Act (as added by section 7002(2) of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988), referred to in subsec. (d)(3), was section 4 of act Mar. 3, 1933, ch. 212, title III , as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VII, § 7002(2) , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1545 . Section 4, which was classified to section 10b–1 of former Title 41, Public Contracts, was omitted from the Code in view of section 7004 of Pub. L. 100–418 which provided that the amendment by Pub. L. 100–418 which enacted section 4 ceased to be effective on Apr. 30, 1996 . Section 4 was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 111–350, § 7(b) , Jan. 4, 2011 , 124 Stat. 3855 , which Act enacted Title 41, Public Contracts.

2251. §3744 — Specific costs not allowable

2252. §3745 — Required regulations

2253. §3746 — Applicability of regulations to subcontractors

2254. §3747 — Contractor certification

2255. §3748 — Penalties for submission of cost known as not allowable

2256. §3749 — Burden of proof on contractor

2257. §3750 — Proceeding costs not allowable

2258. §3761 — Restructuring costs

2259. §3762 — Independent research and development costs: allowable costs

2260. §3763 — Bid and proposal costs: allowable costs

2261. §3771 — Rights in technical data: regulations

2262. §3772 — Rights in technical data: provisions required in contracts

2263. §3773 — Domestic business concerns: programs for replenishment parts

2264. §3774 — Major weapon systems and subsystems: long-term technical data needs

2265. §3775 — Definitions

2266. §3781 — Technical data: contractor justification for restrictions; review of restrictions

2267. §3782 — Technical data: challenges to contractor restrictions

2268. §3783 — Technical data: time for contractors to submit justifications

2269. §3784 — Technical data under contracts for commercial items: presumption of development exclusively at private expense

2270. §3785 — Technical data: decision by contracting officer; claims; rights and liability upon final disposition

2271. §3786 — Section 3786, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 219 ; July 12, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–616, § 2(a) , 74 Stat. 387 , authorized Secretary of the Army, at any time during proceedings under this chapter and before removal of an officer from active list of Regular Army, to grant that officer’s request for voluntary retirement, if he is otherwise qualified therefor, or for honorable discharge with severance benefits. See section 1186 of this title .

2272. §3786 — Section 3787, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 2(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 388 , provided that no officer serve on a board under this chapter unless he holds a regular or temporary grade above lieutenant colonel, and is senior in regular grade to, and outranks, any officer considered by board and that no person be a member of more than one board convened under this chapter for same officer. See section 1187 of this title .

2273. §3786 — Use or release restriction: definition

2274. §3791 — Management of intellectual property matters within the Department of Defense

2275. §3791 — Section 3791, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 3(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 388 , authorized Secretary of the Army to convene at any time a board of general officers to review record of any commissioned officer on active list of Regular Army to determine whether he should be required, because of moral dereliction, professional dereliction, or because his retention is not clearly consistent with interests of national security, to show cause for his retention on active list. See section 1181(b) of this title .

2276. §3791 — Section 3792, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 3(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 388 , provided for boards of inquiry, composed of three or more general officers, to be convened at such places as Secretary of the Army prescribes, to receive evidence and make findings and recommendations whether an officer, required to show cause under section 3791 of this title , should be retained on active list of Regular Army. See section 1182 of this title .

2277. §3793 — Copyrights, patents, designs, etc.; acquisition

2278. §3794 — Release of technical data under Freedom of Information Act: recovery of costs

2279. §3794 — Section 3794, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 3(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 389 , authorized Secretary of the Army to remove an officer from active list of Regular Army if his removal is recommended by a board of review and provided that decision of Secretary in such a case is final and conclusive. See section 1184 of this title .

2280. §3794 — Section 3795, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 3(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 389 , provided that each officer under consideration for removal from active list of Regular Army under this chapter be given written notification, at least 30 days prior to a board of inquiry hearing, that he is being required to show cause for retention on active list, be allowed reasonable time to prepare a defense, be allowed to appear in person and by counsel at proceedings before board of inquiry, and be allowed full access to, and furnished copies of, records relevant to his case at all stages of proceedings, except records that Secretary determines be withheld in interests of national security, in which case, a summary, to extent national security permits, be furnished. See section 1185 of this title .

2281. §3794 — Section 3796, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 3(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 389 , authorized Secretary of the Army, at any time during proceedings under this chapter and before removal of an officer from active list of Regular Army, to grant that officer’s request for voluntary retirement, if he is otherwise qualified therefor, or for honorable discharge with severance benefits. See section 1186 of this title .

2282. §3794 — Section 3797, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 3(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 390 , provided that no officer serve on a board under this chapter unless he holds a regular or temporary grade above lieutenant colonel, and is senior in regular grade to, and outranks, any officer considered by that board and that no person be a member of more than one board convened under this chapter for same officer. See section 1187 of this title .

2283. §3801 — Authority of agency

2284. §3802 — Payment

2285. §3803 — Security for advance payments

2286. §3804 — Conditions for progress payments

2287. §3805 — Payments for commercial products and commercial services

2288. §3806 — Action in case of fraud

2289. §3807 — Vesting of title in the United States

2290. §3808 — Certain Navy contracts

2291. §3808 — Section 3811, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 220 , provided for discharge of enlisted members of Army and limitations thereon, and for issuance of discharge certificates. See section 1169 of this title .

2292. §3808 — Section 3812, act Aug. 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 220 , provided for the discharge of members of the Army enlisted during war or emergency. See section 1172 of this title .

2293. §3808 — Section 3813, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 220 , provided for dependency discharges for enlisted members of the Army.

2294. §3808 — Section 3815, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 220 , provided for resignation of regular enlisted members of Army enlisted on a career basis and limitations thereon.

2295. §3808 — Section 3816, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 221 , provided for minority discharges for regular enlisted members of Army. See section 1170 of this title .

2296. §3808 — Section 3819, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(93)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1482 ; amended Pub. L. 98–525, title V, § 528(b) , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2526 , related to discharge of Army Reserve officers for failure of promotion to first lieutenant. See section 14503 of this title .

2297. §3808 — Section 3820, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 221 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(93)(B) , 72 Stat. 1482 , related to discharge and withdrawal of Federal recognition of officers of Army National Guard of United States absent without leave. See section 14907 of this title .

2298. §3841 — Examination of records of contractor

2299. §3842 — Performance of incurred cost audits

2300. §3842 — Section 809 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016, referred to in subsec. (f)(2), is section 809 of Pub. L. 114–92 , div. A, title VIII, Nov. 25, 2015 , 129 Stat. 889 , which relates to the establishment of an advisory panel on streamlining acquisition regulations and is not classified to the Code.

2301. §3845 — Contractor inventory accounting systems: standards

2302. §3847 — Defense Contract Audit Agency: annual report

2303. §3848 — Defense audit agencies: Small Business Ombudsmen

2304. §3848 — Section 3850, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(94) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1485 ; amended Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XV, § 1501(c)(25) , Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 499 , related to transfer or discharge of excessive reserve commissioned officers in active status with thirty or more years of service. See sections 14514 and 14704 of this title.

2305. §3848 — Section 3851, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(94) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1486 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(28) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 272 ; Pub. L. 90–486, § 9(1) , Aug. 13, 1968 , 82 Stat. 760 ; Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 512(8) , Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2929 ; Pub. L. 98–525, title V, § 513 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2522 ; Pub. L. 99–145, title V, § 522(a)(2) , title XIII, § 1303(a)(20)(B), Nov. 8, 1985 , 99 Stat. 631 , 739; Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title XIII, § 1342(g) , Nov. 14, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3992 ; Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to transfer or discharge of reserve colonels and brigadier generals with 30 years of service or five years in grade. See section 14508(a), (e) of this title.

2306. §3848 — Section 3852, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(94) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1486 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(29) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 272 ; Pub. L. 99–145, title V, § 523 , title XIII, § 1303(a)(20)(B), Nov. 8, 1985 , 99 Stat. 632 , 739; Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to transfer or discharge of reserve major generals with 35 years of service or five years in grade. See section 14508(b), (f) of this title.

2307. §3848 — Section 3853, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(94) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1486 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(30) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 273 ; Pub. L. 86–651, title I, § 115 , Sept. 7, 1962 , 76 Stat. 513 ; Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 512(9) , Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2929 ; Pub. L. 98–94, title X, § 1016(a) , Sept. 24, 1983 , 97 Stat. 668 ; Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1635(a) , Oct. 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 2968 , related to computation of years of service. See section 14706 of this title .

2308. §3848 — Section 3854, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(94) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1486 , authorized Secretary of the Army to prescribe regulations to carry out this chapter.

2309. §3848 — Section 3855, added Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(31) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 273 ; amended Pub. L. 96–107, title IV, § 403(a) , Nov. 9, 1979 , 93 Stat. 808 ; Pub. L. 96–513, title II, § 215(a) , Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2885 ; Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title VII, § 717(a) , (d)(1)(A), Dec. 4, 1987 , 101 Stat. 1113 , 1114; Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title VII , §§ 710(a), 711(a), Nov. 29, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1476 , 1477, related to retention in active status of certain reserve officers. See section 14703(a)(1), (b) of this title.

2310. §3861 — Research and development contracts: indemnification provisions

2311. §3862 — Requests for equitable adjustment or other relief

2312. §3863 — Retention of amounts collected from contractor during the pendency of contract dispute

2313. §3863 — Section 3881, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 222 , authorized Secretary of the Army to retire regular commissioned officers of Army Nurse Corps or Women’s Medical Specialist Corps whose regular grade is below major.

2314. §3863 — Section 3882, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 222 , authorized Secretary of the Army to retire regular commissioned officers of Army Nurse Corps or Women’s Medical Specialist Corps whose regular grade is above captain.

2315. §3863 — Section 3883, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 222 ; Aug. 6, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–600, § 1(6) , 72 Stat. 522 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat. 1115 ; Oct. 30, 1978 , Pub. L. 95–551, § 2 , 92 Stat. 2069 , provided that, unless retired or separated at an earlier date, each commissioned officer whose regular grade is below major general, other than a professor or the director of admissions of the United States Military Academy, be retired when he becomes 60 years of age, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 . See section 1251 of this title .

2316. §3863 — Section 3884, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 222 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat. 1115 , provided that, unless retired or separated at an earlier date, each commissioned officer whose regular grade is major general, and whose retirement under section 3923 of this title has been deferred under cl. (1) of that section, be retired when he becomes 60 years of age, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 . See section 1251 of this title .

2317. §3863 — Section 3885, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 222 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat. 1115 , provided that, unless retired or separated at an earlier date or unless retained under section 3923(2) of this title , each commissioned officer whose regular grade is major general be retired when he becomes 62 years of age, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 . See section 1251 of this title .

2318. §3863 — Section 3886, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 222 ; Aug. 6, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–600, § 1(7) , 72 Stat. 522 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat. 1115 ; Oct. 30, 1978 , Pub. L. 95–551, § 2 , 92 Stat. 2069 , provided that, unless retired or separated at an earlier date, each commissioned officer whose regular grade is major general, and whose retirement under section 3923 of this title has been deferred under cl. (2) of that section, and each permanent professor and the director of admissions of the United States Military Academy, be retired when he becomes 64 years of age, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 . See section 1251 of this title .

2319. §3863 — Section 3888, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 223 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title I, § 101(18) , 71 Stat. 379 ; May 20, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–422, § 11(a)(3) , 72 Stat. 131 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(96) , 72 Stat. 1487 , related to computation of service for determining retired pay of a commissioned officer of Regular Army retired under former section 3883, 3884, 3885, or 3886 of this title.

2320. §3863 — Section 3889, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 224 , provided that a member of Army retired under this chapter be entitled to retired pay computed under chapter 745 of this title.

2321. §3901 — Contracts: prohibition on competition between Department of Defense and small businesses

2322. §3902 — Credit for Indian contracting in meeting certain subcontracting goals for small disadvantaged businesses

2323. §3903 — Subcontracting plans: credit for certain purchases

2324. §3905 — Products of Federal Prison Industries: procedural requirements

2325. §3905 — Section 3922, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 227 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat. 1115 , provided for retirement of a regular grade brigadier general, other than a professor of the United States Military Academy, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 , on the 30th day after he completes 30 years of service or the 5th anniversary of the date of his appointment in that regular grade, whichever is later, with authority for the Secretary of the Army to defer retirement in certain cases. See section 635 of this title .

2326. §3905 — Section 3923, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 227 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat. 1115 , provided for retirement of a regular grade major general, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 , on the 30th day after he completes 35 years of service or the 5th anniversary of his appointment in that regular grade, whichever is later, with authority for the Secretary of the Army to defer retirement in certain cases. See section 636 of this title .

2327. §4001 — Research and development projects

2328. §4004 — Contract authority for development and demonstration of initial or additional prototype units

2329. §4007 — Science and technology programs to be conducted so as to foster the transition of science and technology to higher levels of research, development, test, and evaluation

2330. §4010 — Defense Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research

2331. §4014 — Coordination and communication of defense research activities and technology domain awareness

2332. §4021 — Research projects: transactions other than contracts and grants

2333. §4022 — Authority of the Department of Defense to carry out certain prototype projects

2334. §4022 — Chapter 137 of this title, referred to in subsec. (f)(5), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 . For definition of “chapter 137 legacy provisions”, see section 3016 of this title .

2335. §4023 — Chapter 137 of this title, referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 . For definition of “chapter 137 legacy provisions”, see section 3016 of this title .

2336. §4023 — Procurement for experimental purposes

2337. §4024 — Merit-based award of grants for research and development

2338. §4025 — Prizes for advanced technology achievements

2339. §4026 — Cooperative research and development agreements under Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980

2340. §4027 — Disclosure requirements for recipients of research and development funds

2341. §4061 — Defense Research and Development Rapid Innovation Program

2342. §4062 — Defense Acquisition Challenge Program

2343. §4066 — Global Research Watch Program

2344. §4067 — Technology protection features activities

2345. §4091 — Authorities for certain positions at science and technology reinvention laboratories

2346. §4092 — Personnel management authority to attract experts in science, engineering, and certain other disciplines

2347. §4092 — Section 238 of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019, referred to in subsecs. (a)(6), (b)(1)(F), and (c)(2), is section 238 of Pub. L. 115–232 , which is set out as a note preceding section 4061 of this title .

2348. §4093 — Science, Mathematics, and Research for Transformation (SMART) Defense Education Program

2349. §4094 — Enhanced pay authority for certain research and technology positions in science and technology reinvention laboratories

2350. §4121 — Science and technology reinvention laboratories: authority and designation

2351. §4121 — Section 6 of the Civil Service Miscellaneous Amendments Act of 1983, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), is section 6 of Pub. L. 98–224 , Mar. 2, 1984 , 98 Stat. 49 , which is not classified to the Code.

2352. §4123 — Mechanisms to provide funds for defense laboratories for research and development of technologies for military missions

2353. §4124 — Centers for Science, Technology, and Engineering Partnership

2354. §4124 — Section 219 of the Duncan Hunter National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is section 219 of Pub. L. 110–417 , [div. A], title II, Oct. 14, 2008 , 122 Stat. 4389 , which was set out as a note under section 2358 of this title , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title II, § 220(c)(1) , Dec. 12, 2017 , 131 Stat. 1333 . Provisions similar to those in former section 219 of Pub. L. 110–417 are now contained in section 4123 of this title .

2355. §4125 — Functions of Defense research facilities

2356. §4126 — Use of federally funded research and development centers

2357. §4127 — Defense Innovation Unit

2358. §4128 — Laboratory Quality Enhancement Program

2359. §4141 — Award of grants and contracts to colleges and universities: requirement of competition

2360. §4142 — Extramural acquisition innovation and research activities

2361. §4143 — Research and development laboratories: contracts for services of university students

2362. §4144 — Research and educational programs and activities: historically black colleges and universities and minority-serving institutions of higher education

2363. §4171 — Operational test and evaluation of defense acquisition programs

2364. §4172 — Major systems and munitions programs: survivability testing and lethality testing required before full-scale production

2365. §4173 — Department of Defense Test Resource Management Center

2366. §4174 — Contracts: acquisition, construction, or furnishing of test facilities and equipment

2367. §4175 — Use of test and evaluation installations by commercial entities

2368. §4201 — Major defense acquisition programs: definition; exceptions

2369. §4201 — Section 883(e) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 883(e) of Pub. L. 114–92 , which is set out as a note preceding section 4571 of this title .

2370. §4202 — Authority to increase definitional threshold amounts: major defense acquisition programs; major systems

2371. §4203 — Major subprograms

2372. §4204 — Milestone decision authority

2373. §4205 — Weapon systems for which procurement funding requested in budget: development and procurement schedules

2374. §4211 — Acquisition strategy

2375. §4212 — Risk management and mitigation in major defense acquisition programs and major systems

2376. §4214 — Baseline description

2377. §4231 — Major systems: determination of quantity for low-rate initial production

2378. §4232 — Prohibition on use of lowest price technically acceptable source selection process

2379. §4236 — Negotiation of price for technical data before development, production, or sustainment of major weapon systems

2380. §4251 — Major defense acquisition programs: factors to be considered before Milestone A approval

2381. §4252 — Major defense acquisition programs: factors to be considered before Milestone B approval

2382. §4253 — Major defense acquisition programs: submissions to Congress on Milestone C

2383. §4271 — Program cost, fielding, and performance goals in planning major defense acquisition programs

2384. §4272 — Independent technical risk assessments

2385. §4273 — Performance assessments and root cause analyses

2386. §4273 — Section 103 of Pub. L. 111–23 , formerly set out as a note under section 2430 of this title , which was transferred to chapter 144 of this title, renumbered as section 2438, and amended by Pub. L. 111–383, § 901(d) , (k)(1)(F), and subsequently renumbered as this section and amended by Pub. L. 116–283, § 1847(e)(3) , was based on Pub. L. 111–23, title I, § 103 , May 22, 2009 , 123 Stat. 1715 .

2387. §4292 — Contracts: limitations on lead system integrators

2388. §4293 — Major defense acquisition programs: incentive program for contractors to purchase capital assets manufactured in United States

2389. §4293 — Section 4307, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 235 , permitted President to detail commissioned officer of the Army or of the Marine Corps as director of civilian marksmanship.

2390. §4293 — Section 4308, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 236 ; Nov. 14, 1986 , Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title III, § 318(a) , 100 Stat. 3855 ; Nov. 5, 1990 , Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title III, § 328(b) –(d), (g)(1), 104 Stat. 1533 , 1534; Oct. 23, 1992 , Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title III, § 380(a)(1) , 106 Stat. 2389 ; Nov. 30, 1993 , Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title III, § 372 , 107 Stat. 1635 , related to authority of Secretary of the Army to promote civilian marksmanship. See section 40701 et seq. of Title 36, Patriotic and National Observances, Ceremonies, and Organizations.

2391. §4293 — Section 4310, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 236 , permitted President and Secretary of the Army to detail members of Army as rifle instructors for civilians.

2392. §4293 — Section 4311, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 237 ; Nov. 5, 1990 , Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title III, § 328(f) , 104 Stat. 1534 , permitted Secretary of the Army to provide for issue of military rifles and sale of ammunition for use in rifle instruction for civilians.

2393. §4293 — Section 4312, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 237 , related to National rifle and pistol matches and small-arms firing school.

2394. §4293 — Section 4313, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 237 ; Pub. L. 99–145, title XIII, § 1301(b)(3)(B) , Nov. 8, 1985 , 99 Stat. 735 ; Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title III, § 318(b) , Nov. 14, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3855 ; Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title III, § 328(a) , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1533 ; Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title III, § 380(c)(1) , Oct. 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 2391 ; Pub. L. 103–35, title II, § 201(g)(10)(A) , May 31, 1993 , 107 Stat. 100 ; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XVI, § 1624(b)(1) , Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 522 , related to expenses of National Matches and small-arms school.

2395. §4293 — Section 814 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2004, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 814 of Pub. L. 108–136 , which is set out in a note under section 4811 of this title .

2396. §4321 — Development of major defense acquisition programs: sustainment of system to be replaced

2397. §4323 — Sustainment reviews

2398. §4324 — Life-cycle management and product support

2399. §4325 — Major weapon systems: assessment, management, and control of operating and support costs

2400. §4328 — Section 4344, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 242 ; Pub. L. 98–94, title X, § 1004(a)(1) , Sept. 24, 1983 , 97 Stat. 657 ; Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title V, § 543(a) , Nov. 18, 1997 , 111 Stat. 1743 ; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 534(a) , Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 605 ; Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A] , title V, § 532(a)], Oct. 30, 2000 , 114 Stat. 1654 , 1654A-110; Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title V, § 533(a)(1) , (2), Dec. 28, 2001 , 115 Stat. 1105 , related to selection of persons from foreign countries to receive instruction at the United States Military Academy. See section 347 of this title .

2401. §4328 — Section 4345, added Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title V, § 542(a)(1) , Nov. 18, 1997 , 111 Stat. 1740 ; amended Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 535(a) , Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 605 ; Pub. L. 109–364, div. A, title V, § 531(a) , Oct. 17, 2006 , 120 Stat. 2198 , related to an exchange program with foreign military academies.

2402. §4328 — Section 4345a, added Pub. L. 110–417 , [div. A], title V, § 541(a)(1), Oct. 14, 2008 , 122 Stat. 4454 ; amended Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title V, § 553(a) , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3377 , related to foreign and cultural exchange activities.

2403. §4328 — Weapon system design: sustainment factors

2404. §4351 — Selected Acquisition Reports

2405. §4371 — Cost growth definitions; applicability of reporting requirements; constant base year dollars

2406. §4372 — Unit cost reports: quarterly report from program manager to service acquisition executive

2407. §4373 — Unit cost reports: immediate report from program manager to service acquisition executive upon breach of significant cost growth threshold

2408. §4374 — Unit cost reports: determinations by service acquisition executive and secretary concerned of breach of significant cost growth threshold or critical cost growth threshold; reports to Congress

2409. §4375 — Breach of significant cost growth threshold or critical cost growth threshold: required action

2410. §4376 — Breach of critical cost growth threshold: reassessment of program; presumption of program termination

2411. §4377 — Breach of critical cost growth threshold: actions if program not terminated

2412. §4377 — Section 205 of the Weapon Systems Acquisition Reform Act of 2009, referred to in subsec. (a)(5), is section 205 of Pub. L. 111–23 , which amended section 4252 of this title and enacted provisions set out as notes under this section and former section 2366b of this title .

2413. §4377 — Section 4381, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 246 , defined “advanced training” for purposes of chapter 405.

2414. §4377 — Section 4382, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 246 , provided for the establishment and composition of the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps.

2415. §4377 — Section 4383, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 247 , related to admission and training of medical, dental, pharmacy, and veterinary students.

2416. §4377 — Section 4384, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 247 ; Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(104) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1489 , set out courses of training.

2417. §4377 — Section 4385, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 247 , authorized the operation and maintenance of training camps.

2418. §4377 — Section 4386, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 248 , provided for supplies and uniforms.

2419. §4377 — Section 4387, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 248 , provided for advanced training and compensation.

2420. §4401 — Requirement for modular open system approach in major defense acquisition programs; definitions

2421. §4401 — Section 804 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B)(ii), is section 804 of Pub. L. 116–283 , which is set out as a note below.

2422. §4402 — Requirement to address modular open system approach in program capabilities development and acquisition weapon system design

2423. §4403 — Requirements relating to availability of major system interfaces and support for modular open system approach

2424. §4421 — Weapon system component or technology prototype projects: display of budget information

2425. §4422 — Weapon system component or technology prototype projects: oversight

2426. §4423 — Requirements and limitations for weapon system component or technology prototype projects

2427. §4424 — Mechanisms to speed deployment of successful weapon system component or technology prototypes

2428. §4425 — Definition of weapon system component

2429. §4501 — Procurement of contract services: management structure

2430. §4502 — Procurement of contract services: senior officials responsible for management of acquisition of contract services

2431. §4502 — Section 4503, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 252 , related to research and development programs of the Army.

2432. §4502 — Section 4504, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 252 , related to procurement of ordnance, signal, and chemical warfare supplies for experimental purposes by Secretary of the Army. See section 4004 of this title .

2433. §4502 — Section 814 of the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 814 of div. A of Pub. L. 105–261 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 1535 of Title 31 , Money and Finance.

2434. §4502 — Section 854 of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2005, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 854 of div. A of Pub. L. 108–375 , which is set out as a note under section 2304 of this title .

2435. §4505 — Procurement of services: tracking of purchases

2436. §4505 — Section 235 of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(3), was repealed by Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title VIII, § 815(b)(1) , Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat 1825.

2437. §4506 — Procurement of services: data analysis and requirements validation

2438. §4507 — Procurement of services: contracts for professional and technical services

2439. §4508 — Contractor performance of acquisition functions closely associated with inherently governmental functions

2440. §4509 — Contracts for advisory and assistance services: cost comparison studies

2441. §4509 — Section 4533, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 254 , related to purchases of army rations.

2442. §4509 — Section 4534, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 254 , related to subsistence supplies, contract stipulations, and place of delivery on inspection.

2443. §4509 — Section 4535, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 254 , provided that exceptional subsistence supplies could be purchased without advertising.

2444. §4509 — Section 4537, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 254 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 8(a) , 80 Stat. 1117 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 512(14) , 94 Stat. 2930 , authorized Secretary of the Army to obtain assistance of United States mapping agencies in making and developing military surveys and maps.

2445. §4509 — Section 4538, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 255 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 512(15) , 94 Stat. 2930 , related to exchange and reclamation of unserviceable ammunition.

2446. §4571 — Information technology acquisition: planning and oversight processes

2447. §4576 — Requirement for consideration of certain matters during acquisition of noncommercial computer software

2448. §4601 — Electronic submission and processing of claims for contract payments

2449. §4602 — Contracted property and services: prompt payment of vouchers

2450. §4603 — Advance notification of contract performance outside the United States

2451. §4651 — Expenditure of appropriations: limitation

2452. §4652 — Prohibition on use of funds for documenting economic or employment impact of certain acquisition programs

2453. §4653 — Prohibition on use of funds to relieve economic dislocations

2454. §4654 — Prohibition against doing business with certain offerors or contractors

2455. §4655 — Prohibition of contractors limiting subcontractor sales directly to the United States

2456. §4656 — Prohibition on persons convicted of defense-contract related felonies and related criminal penalty on defense contractors

2457. §4657 — Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors prior to conditional offer

2458. §4658 — Debarment of persons convicted of fraudulent use of “Made in America” labels

2459. §4659 — Prohibition on contracting with entities that comply with the secondary Arab boycott of Israel

2460. §4659 — Section 3(5)(A) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 ( 50 U.S.C. 4602(5)(A) ), referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

2461. §4660 — Prohibition on collection of political information

2462. §4661 — Prohibition on certain procurements from the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region

2463. §4662 — Prohibition on the transfer of certain data on employees of the Department of Defense to third parties

2464. §4663 — Prohibition on contracting with covered entities that contract with lobbyists for Chinese military companies

2465. §4663 — Section 1045(c) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is section 1045(c) of Pub. L. 115–91 , which is set out in a note preceding section 971 of this title .

2466. §4663 — Section 1260H of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, referred to in subsec. (d)(1), is section 1260H of Pub. L. 116–283 , which is set out as a note under section 113 of this title .

2467. §4701 — Contractor employees: protection from reprisal for disclosure of certain information

2468. §4702 — Incentives and consideration for qualified training programs

2469. §4703 — Displaced contractor employees: assistance to obtain certification and employment as teachers or employment as teachers’ aides

2470. §4703 — Section 1151 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (f)(2)(A), (B) and (h), was repealed by Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title XVII, § 1707(a)(1) , Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 823 , and a new section 1151 of this title was subsequently added by Pub. L. 109–364, § 561(a) .

2471. §4704 — Defense contractors: listing of suitable employment openings with local employment service office

2472. §4705 — Notice of contract cancellation or termination relating to remote or isolated installations

2473. §4705 — Section 565 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022, referred to in subsec. (d)(1), is section 565 of Pub. L. 117–81 , which is set out as a note under section 1781b of this title .

2474. §4751 — Determinations and decisions

2475. §4752 — Remission of liquidated damages

2476. §4753 — Supplies: identification of supplier and sources

2477. §4754 — Management of purchase cards

2478. §4801 — Definitions

2479. §4801 — Section 603 of the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976, referred to in par. (7), was classified to section 6683 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, and was omitted from the Code.

2480. §4811 — National security strategy for national technology and industrial base

2481. §4812 — National Defense Technology and Industrial Base Council

2482. §4813 — National defense program for analysis of the technology and industrial base

2483. §4814 — National technology and industrial base: biennial report

2484. §4815 — Unfunded priorities of the national technology and industrial base: annual report

2485. §4816 — National technology and industrial base: periodic defense capability assessments

2486. §4817 — Industrial Base Fund

2487. §4818 — Data collection authority of President

2488. §4819 — Modernization of acquisition processes to ensure integrity of industrial base

2489. §4820 — National technology and industrial base plans, policy, and guidance

2490. §4831 — Defense dual-use critical technology program

2491. §4832 — Encouragement of technology transfer

2492. §4833 — Federal Defense Laboratory Diversification Program

2493. §4834 — Overseas foreign critical technology monitoring and assessment financial assistance program

2494. §4841 — Manufacturing Technology Program

2495. §4841 — Section 4008 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), probably should be a reference to section 4024 of this title . Section 4008 was originally enacted by transferring section 2374 of this title to that section by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1841(c) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4243 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 . However, Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(u)(2)(B) , (D), Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat. 2151 , amended Pub. L. 116–283 , effective as if included therein, so as to eliminate that transfer, thereby omitting section 4008 before it took effect, and instead transferred section 2374 of this title to section 4024 of this title . See Codification note set out under section 4008 of this title .

2496. §4842 — Joint Defense Manufacturing Technology Panel

2497. §4843 — Manufacturing engineering education program

2498. §4844 — Manufacturing experts in the classroom

2499. §4845 — Armament retooling and manufacturing

2500. §4851 — Defense memoranda of understanding and related agreements

2501. §4852 — Offset policy; notification

2502. §4861 — Determinations of public interest under chapter 83 of title 41

2503. §4862 — Requirement to buy certain articles from American sources; exceptions

2504. §4863 — Requirement to buy strategic materials critical to national security from American sources; exceptions

2505. §4864 — Miscellaneous limitations on the procurement of goods other than United States goods

2506. §4871 — Contracts: consideration of national security objectives

2507. §4871 — Section 6(j)(1)(A) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 ( 50 U.S.C. 4605(j)(1)(A) ), referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . For similar provisions, see section 4813(c)(1)(A)(i) of Title 50 , War and National Defense, as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

2508. §4872 — Acquisition of sensitive materials from non-allied foreign nations: prohibition

2509. §4873 — Additional requirements pertaining to printed circuit boards

2510. §4874 — Award of certain contracts to entities controlled by a foreign government: prohibition

2511. §4875 — Prohibition on acquisition of personal protective equipment and certain other items from non-allied foreign nations

2512. §4881 — Defense Industrial Reserve

2513. §4882 — Industrial mobilization: orders; priorities; possession of manufacturing plants; violations

2514. §4883 — Industrial mobilization: plants; lists

2515. §4884 — Industrial mobilization: Board on Mobilization of Industries Essential for Military Preparedness

2516. §4891 — Improved national defense control of technology diversions overseas

2517. §4891 — Section 721(a) of the Defense Production Act of 1950, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 721(a) of act Sept. 8, 1950, ch. 932 , as added by Pub. L. 100–418, title V, § 5021 , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1425 , which is classified to section 4565(a) of Title 50 , War and National Defense. Section 721(a) of the Act was struck out, and a new section 721(a) was added, by Pub. L. 110–49, § 2 , July 26, 2007 , 121 Stat. 246 . As so added, section 721(a) does not refer to investigations by the President or the President’s designee.

2518. §4892 — Availability of samples, drawings, information, equipment, materials, and certain services

2519. §4901 — Department of Defense small business strategy

2520. §4901 — Section 3 of the Small Business Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is classified to section 632 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

2521. §4901 — Section 801 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 801 of Pub. L. 115–91 , which is set out as a note under section 2302 of this title .

2522. §4902 — Department of Defense Mentor-Protege Program

2523. §4902 — Section 312 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (n)(4), is section 312 of Pub. L. 89–329 , title III, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1292 , which is classified to section 1058 of Title 20 , Education. Pars. (3) to (5) of subsec. (b) of such section were repealed by Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 302(a)(3) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 472 . See 1992 Amendment notes under section 1058 of Title 20 .

2524. §4902 — Section 831 of Pub. L. 101–510 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 4901 of this title , which was transferred to this section, redesignated as text of section, and amended by Pub. L. 117–263, § 856(b) , was based on Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title VIII, § 831 , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1607 , as amended by Pub. L. 102–25, title VII, § 704(c) , Apr. 6, 1991 , 105 Stat. 119 ; Pub. L. 102–172, title VIII, § 8064A , Nov. 26, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1186 ; Pub. L. 102–190, div. A, title VIII, § 814(b) , Dec. 5, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1425 ; Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title VIII , §§ 801(h)(4), 807(b)(1), title X, § 1054(d), Oct. 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 2445 , 2448, 2503; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title VIII, § 813(b)(1) , (c), Nov. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1703 ; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title VIII, § 824 , Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 399 ; Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title VIII, § 802 , Sept. 23, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2604 ; Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title VIII, § 821(a) , title X, § 1073(c)(6), Nov. 18, 1997 , 111 Stat. 1840 , 1904; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title VIII, § 811(a) –(d)(1), (e), Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 706 , 707, 709; Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A] , title VIII, § 807], Oct. 30, 2000 , 114 Stat. 1654 , 1654A–208; Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title VIII, § 812 , Dec. 28, 2001 , 115 Stat. 1181 ; Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title VIII , §§ 841(a), (b), 842, Oct. 28, 2004 , 118 Stat. 2018 , 2019; Pub. L. 112–10, div. A, title VIII, § 8016 , Apr. 15, 2011 , 125 Stat. 60 ; Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title VIII, § 867 , title X, § 1062(n), Dec. 31, 2011 , 125 Stat. 1526 , 1586; Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, § 1076(a)(17) , Jan. 2, 2013 , 126 Stat. 1948 ; Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title X, § 1071(b)(16) , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3508 ; Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title VIII, § 861(a) , Nov. 25, 2015 , 129 Stat. 921 ; Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XVIII , §§ 1813(b), 1823, Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2652 , 2656; Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(a)(4)(A) , Dec. 12, 2017 , 131 Stat. 1796 , as amended by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title X, § 1081(e)(1) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 3874 ; Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 812(a)(2)(C)(ii) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 1846 ; Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title VIII, § 872(a)(1) , (2), (b), (c), Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 1526 ; Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1806(e)(3)(F) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4156 .

2525. §4951 — Definitions

2526. §4952 — Purposes

2527. §4953 — Regulations

2528. §4953 — Section 4954(f), referred to in text, was redesignated as section 4954(e) of this title , and a new subsec. (f) of section 4954 of this title was added, by Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title VIII, § 853(b)(2) , (3), Dec. 22, 2023 , 137 Stat. 344 .

2529. §4954 — Cooperative agreements

2530. §4955 — Funding

2531. §4956 — Distribution

2532. §4957 — Subcontractor information

2533. §4958 — Authority to provide certain types of technical assistance

2534. §4958 — Section 847 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020, referred to in subsec. (c)(4), is section 847 of Pub. L. 116–92 , which is set out as a note under section 4819 of this title .

2535. §4959 — Advancing small business growth

2536. §4959 — Section 3(a) of the Small Business Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2)(A) and (c)(1)(A), (2), is classified to section 632(a) of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

2537. §4961 — Administrative and other costs

2538. §4961 — Section 4954(f), referred to in par. (2)(A), was redesignated as section 4954(e) of this title , and a new subsec. (f) of section 4954 of this title was added, by Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title VIII, § 853(b)(2) , (3), Dec. 22, 2023 , 137 Stat. 344 .

2539. §4971 — Establishment of loan guarantee program

2540. §4972 — Transferability

2541. §4973 — Limitations

2542. §4974 — Fees charged and collected

2543. §4975 — Definitions

2544. §4981 — Establishment of loan guarantee program

2545. §4982 — Fees charged and collected

2546. §4983 — Administration

2547. §4984 — Transferability, additional limitations, and definition

2548. §4985 — Reports

2549. §4985 — Section 5063, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 281 , related to establishment and duties of Office of Budget and Reports.

2550. §4985 — Section 5064, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 281 ; Sept. 7, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–649, § 14(c)(12) , (13), 76 Stat. 501 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title III, § 341 , title V, § 503(3), 94 Stat. 2901 , 2911, related to Director and Assistant of Office of Budget and Reports.

2551. §4985 — Section 5081, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 281 ; Aug. 6, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–599, § 4(b) , 72 Stat. 516 ; Sept. 7, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–651, title I , §§ 114, 120, 76 Stat. 513 ; June 5, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–22, title IV, § 402 , 81 Stat. 53 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 503(3) , 94 Stat. 2911 , related to appointment, term of office, rank, and functions of Chief of Naval Operations. See section 8033 of this title .

2552. §4985 — Section 5082, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 282 ; Sept. 7, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–651, title I, § 121 , 76 Stat. 513 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 33 , 80 Stat. 1119 , related to coordinating duties of Chief of Naval Operations. See section 8032 of this title .

2553. §4985 — Section 5083, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 282 ; May 20, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–422, § 6(2) , 72 Stat. 129 ; July 1, 1986 , Pub. L. 99–348, title I, § 104(c)(1) , 100 Stat. 691 , related to retirement of Chief of Naval Operations.

2554. §4985 — Section 5084, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 282 , related to quarters for Chief of Naval Operations.

2555. §4985 — Section 5085, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 283 ; Aug. 6, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–599, § 6(b) , 72 Stat. 519 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 503(4) , 94 Stat. 2911 , related to appointment, powers, and duties of Vice Chief of Naval Operations. See section 8035 of this title .

2556. §4985 — Section 5086, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 283 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 503(5) , 94 Stat. 2911 , related to detail and duties of Deputy Chiefs of Naval Operations. See section 8036 of this title .

2557. §4985 — Section 5087, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 283 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 503(6) , 94 Stat. 2911 , related to detail and duties of Assistant Chiefs of Naval Operations. See section 8037 of this title .

2558. §4985 — Section 5111, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 284 ; Sept. 7, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–649, § 14(c)(14) , 76 Stat. 501 , created an Office of Naval Material, established position of Chief of Naval Material, and set out powers and duties of Chief of Naval Materials.

2559. §4985 — Section 5112, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 284 , provided for detailing of an officer as Vice Chief of Naval Material to serve in event of absence or disability of Chief of Naval Material.

2560. §4985 — Section 5145, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 289 ; May 13, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–454 , 74 Stat. 103 ; Sept. 7, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–649, § 14(c)(19) , 76 Stat. 501 , provided for appointment of Chief of Bureau of Ships, detailing and rank of Deputy Chief, and detailing of heads of major divisions of Bureau of Ships.

2561. §4985 — Section 5146, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 289 , provided for appointment of Chief of Bureau of Supplies and Accounts and detailing of Deputy Chief.

2562. §4985 — Section 5147, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 289 , provided for appointment of Chief of Bureau of Yards and Docks and detailing of Deputy Chief.

2563. §4985 — Section 5201, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 292 ; May 20, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–422, § 6(3) , 72 Stat. 129 ; Aug. 6, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–599, § 4(c) , 72 Stat. 517 ; Sept. 7, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–651, title I, § 114 , 76 Stat. 513 ; June 5, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–22, title IV, § 404 , 81 Stat. 53 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 503(15) , 94 Stat. 2912 ; July 1, 1986 , Pub. L. 99–348, title I, § 104(c)(1) , 100 Stat. 691 , related to appointment, term, etc., of the Commandant of the Marine Corps. See section 8043 of this title .

2564. §4985 — Section 5202, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 292 ; Aug. 6, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–599, § 6(c) , 72 Stat. 519 ; Sept. 7, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–649, § 14c(24) , 76 Stat. 501 ; May 2, 1969 , Pub. L. 91–11 , 83 Stat. 8 ; Mar. 4, 1976 , Pub. L. 94–225, § 1 , 90 Stat. 202 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title V , §§ 503(15), 513(7)(B), 94 Stat. 2912 , 2931, related to detail and duties of the Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps. See section 8044 of this title .

2565. §4985 — Section 5203, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 292 , related to detail of the Director of Personnel of the Marine Corps.

2566. §4985 — Section 5204, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 292 ; Aug. 3, 1961 , Pub. L. 87–123, § 5(2) , 75 Stat. 264 , related to detail of the Quartermaster General of the Marine Corps.

2567. §4985 — Section 5221, added Pub. L. 90–110, title X, § 1001(1) , Oct. 21, 1967 , 81 Stat. 310 , provided for inclusion of naval districts within organization of Department of the Navy.

2568. §4985 — Section 5222, added Pub. L. 90–110, title X, § 1001(1) , Oct. 21, 1967 , 81 Stat. 310 , provided for detailing of officers of the Navy not below the grade of rear admiral as commandants of each of naval districts.

2569. §4985 — Section 5231, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 294 ; July 30, 1977 , Pub. L. 95–79, title VIII, § 811(b)(1) , (2), 91 Stat. 336 ; Oct. 20, 1978 , Pub. L. 95–485, title VIII, § 818(a) , 92 Stat. 1626 , related to designation by President of officers on active list of Navy above the grade of captain and, in time of war or national emergency, above the grade of commander for fleet commands and other high positions. See section 601 of this title .

2570. §4985 — Section 5232, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 295 ; July 30, 1977 , Pub. L. 95–79, title VIII, § 811(b)(3) , (4), 91 Stat. 336 ; Oct. 20, 1978 , Pub. L. 95–485, title VIII, § 818(b) , 92 Stat. 1626 , related to designation by President of officers on active list of Marine Corps above the grade of colonel and, in time of war or national emergency, above the grade of lieutenant colonel for appropriate higher commands or performance of duty of great importance and responsibility. See section 601 of this title .

2571. §4985 — Section 5233, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 295 ; May 20, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–422, § 6(4) , 72 Stat. 129 ; related to retirement of an officer serving or having served in a grade to which appointed under former sections 5231 or 5232 of this title. See section 601 of this title .

2572. §4985 — Section 5234, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 295 ; Apr. 21, 1976 , Pub. L. 94–273, § 2(3) , 90 Stat. 375 , authorized President during time of war or national emergency to suspend any provision of former sections 5231 or 5232 of this title relating to distribution in grade.

2573. §4985 — Section 5251, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 295 , related to administration of Naval Reserve by Chief of Naval Operations and Naval Reserve Policy Board. See sections 10108 and 10303 of this title.

2574. §4985 — Section 5252, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 296 , related to administration of Marine Corps Reserve by Commandant of Marine Corps and Marine Corps Reserve Policy Board. See sections 10109 and 10304 of this title.

2575. §4985 — Section 5401, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 297 , prescribed authorized strength of Regular Navy in enlisted members.

2576. §4985 — Section 5402, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 297 , prescribed authorized strength of Regular Marine Corps.

2577. §4985 — Section 5403, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 297 , prescribed authorized strength of active list of the Navy in line officers.

2578. §4985 — Section 5404, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 297 ; Oct. 13, 1964 , Pub. L. 88–647, title III, § 301(12) , 78 Stat. 1072 ; Dec. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–179, § 3 , 81 Stat. 547 , prescribed authorized strength of active list of Navy in officers in Supply Corps and Civil Engineer Corps, directed Secretary of Navy to compute annually the authorized strength of active list of Navy in officers in Medical Corps, Dental Corps, Chaplain Corps, Medical Service Corps, and Nurse Corps, and to establish annually the authorized strength of active list of Navy in officers in Judge Advocate General’s Corps.

2579. §4985 — Section 5405, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 298 , prescribed authorized strength of active list of Marine Corps.

2580. §4985 — Section 5406, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 298 ; July 5, 1968 , Pub. L. 90–386, § 1(1) , 82 Stat. 293 , limited actual number of officers on active list in line of Navy that could be designated for engineering duty.

2581. §4985 — Section 5407, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 298 ; July 5, 1968 , Pub. L. 90–386, § 1(2) , 82 Stat. 293 , limited actual number of officers on active list in line of Navy that could be designated for aeronautical engineering duty.

2582. §4985 — Section 5408, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 298 ; July 5, 1968 , Pub. L. 90–386, § 1(3) , 82 Stat. 293 , limited actual number of officers on the active list in line of Navy that could be designated for special duty.

2583. §4985 — Section 5409, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 298 ; Aug. 3, 1961 , Pub. L. 87–123, § 5(5) , 75 Stat. 264 , prescribed number of officers of actual number of officers on active lists in the line of Navy and of Marine Corps, that could be designated for limited duty.

2584. §4985 — Section 5410, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 928 , placed upper limits, stated in terms of percentages of the authorized strength of the Regular Navy and Regular Marine Corps in enlisted members, on the authorized strength of enlisted women in each.

2585. §4985 — Section 5411, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 299 , placed upper limits, stated in terms of percentages of the authorized strength in enlisted women of the Regular Navy and Regular Marine Corps, on the authorized strength of the Regular Navy and Regular Marine Corps in women officers.

2586. §4985 — Section 5413, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 299 , related to authorized strengths of Naval Reserve and Marine Corps Reserve. See section 12001(a) of this title .

2587. §4985 — Section 5414, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(110)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1490 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(33) , (34), June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 273 ; Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 513(8)(B) , Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2931 ; Pub. L. 102–190, div. A, title XI, § 1131(8)(A) , Dec. 5, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1506 , related to authorized strength of Naval Reserve and Marine Corps Reserve in officers in active status in grades above chief warrant officer, W–5. See section 12003 of this title .

2588. §4985 — Section 5415, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(110)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1490 , excluded enlisted members of the Navy or Marine Corps serving as midshipmen or cadets in any of the military academies from computations of authorized strengths.

2589. §4985 — Section 5416, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(110)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1490 , excluded members of the Navy or the Marine Corps, or of the Coast Guard when it is operating as a service in the Navy, detailed for duty with United States agencies outside the Department of Defense on a reimbursable basis, from computations of authorized strengths or numbers in grade.

2590. §4985 — Section 5417, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(110)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1490 , directed Secretary of Defense, with approval of President, to estimate annually, for each of five years following such estimate, the strengths of the Navy and the Marine Corps in officers on active lists exclusive of officers specifically authorized as additional numbers.

2591. §4985 — Section 5442, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 300 ; Pub. L. 90–386, § 1(4) , July 5, 1968 , 82 Stat. 293 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title III, § 313(b) , 94 Stat. 2889 ; Dec. 1, 1981 , Pub. L. 97–86, title IV, § 405(b)(1) , (3), (6)(A), 95 Stat. 1105 , 1106; Nov. 8, 1985 , Pub. L. 99–145, title V, § 514(b)(1) , (3), (6)(A), 99 Stat. 628 ; Nov. 14, 1986 , Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title XIII, § 1343(a)(24) , 100 Stat. 3994 , set forth number of officers serving on active duty in Navy who may serve in grades of rear admiral (lower half) and rear admiral.

2592. §4985 — Section 5443, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 302 ; Aug. 3, 1961 , Pub. L. 87–123, § 5(6) , 75 Stat. 265 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–731, § 1 , 80 Stat. 1160 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title III, § 313(c) , 94 Stat. 2891 , related to number of officers in Marine Corps on active duty who may serve in grades of brigadier general and major general.

2593. §4985 — Section 5444, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 304 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title II, § 201(1) –(3), 71 Stat. 381 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(17)(A) , (B), 81 Stat. 376 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title III, § 302 , title V, § 503(19), 94 Stat. 2888 , 2912; July 10, 1981 , Pub. L. 97–22 , §§ 6(b), 10(a)(3), 95 Stat. 130 , 136; Dec. 1, 1981 , Pub. L. 97–86, title IV, § 405(b)(1) –(3), (7)(A), 95 Stat. 1105 , 1106; Nov. 8, 1985 , Pub. L. 99–145, title V, § 514(b)(1) –(3), (7)(A), 99 Stat. 628 , 629, related to total number of officers who may serve on active duty in Navy in grades of rear admiral (lower half) and rear admiral in staff corps.

2594. §4985 — Section 5447, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 307 ; July 5, 1968 , Pub. L. 90–386, § 1(4) , 82 Stat. 293 , related to permanent grade distribution of Navy line officers on active list. See section 521 et seq. of this title.

2595. §4985 — Section 5448, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 309 ; Aug. 3, 1961 , Pub. L. 87–123, § 5(7) , 75 Stat. 265 , related to permanent grade distribution of Marine Corps officers on active list. See section 521 et seq. of this title.

2596. §4985 — Section 5449, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 311 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title II, § 201(4) , 71 Stat. 381 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(17)(C) , (D), 81 Stat. 376 , related to number of Navy staff corps officers on active list in permanent grade of rear admiral. See section 525 of this title .

2597. §4985 — Section 5456, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 313 , related to authorized strengths of Naval Reserve and Marine Corps Reserve. See section 12001(b) of this title .

2598. §4985 — Section 5457, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(113)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1491 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(35) , (36), June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 273 ; Pub. L. 92–559 , Oct. 25, 1972 , 86 Stat. 1173 ; Pub. L. 96–107, title III, § 302(b) , Nov. 9, 1979 , 93 Stat. 806 ; Pub. L. 96–513, title III, § 313(e) , title V, § 513(9)(B), Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2892 , 2931; Pub. L. 97–86, title IV, § 405(b)(1) , Dec. 1, 1981 , 95 Stat. 1105 ; Pub. L. 99–145, title V, § 514(b)(1) , Nov. 8, 1985 , 99 Stat. 628 ; Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title VII, § 712 , Nov. 29, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1477 ; Pub. L. 102–190, div. A, title X, § 1061(a)(22)(B) , title XI, § 1131(8)(A), Dec. 5, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1473 , 1506, related to authorized strength of Naval Reserve in officers in active status in grades above chief warrant officer, W–5. See sections 12004(a), (c), and (e)(2) and 12005(b) and (d)(2) of this title.

2599. §4985 — Section 5458, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(113)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1492 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(37) –(39), June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 273 ; Pub. L. 96–107, title III, § 302(c) , Nov. 9, 1979 , 93 Stat. 806 ; Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 513(9)(C) , Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2931 ; Pub. L. 102–190, div. A, title X, § 1061(a)(22)(C) , title XI, § 1131(8)(A), Dec. 5, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1473 , 1506, related to authorized strength of Marine Corps Reserve in officers in active status in grades above chief warrant officer, W–5. See sections 12004(a), (d), (e)(2) and 12005(c), (d)(2) of this title.

2600. §4985 — Section 5504, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 314 ; Oct. 13, 1964 , Pub. L. 88–647, title III, § 301(13) , 78 Stat. 1072 ; Sept. 19, 1978 , Pub. L. 95–377, § 5 , 92 Stat. 721 , related to maintenance of lineal lists of officers in line of Navy.

2601. §4985 — Section 5505, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 316 ; June 30, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(40) , 74 Stat. 273 ; Sept. 7, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–649, § 14c(25) , 76 Stat. 501 , related to changes of position on lineal list of reserve officers of Naval Reserve and Marine Corps Reserve.

2602. §4985 — Section 5531, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 318 , provided for recruiting campaigns to obtain enlistments in the Regular Navy and the Regular Marine Corps.

2603. §4985 — Section 5532, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 318 , set forth classes of persons prohibited from enlisting in the naval service.

2604. §4985 — Section 5533, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 318 , provided for enlistment of minors in naval service.

2605. §4985 — Section 5534, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 318 , set forth term of enlistments in Regular Navy or Regular Marine Corps and provided that Secretary of Navy could prescribe grades or ratings in which such enlistments could be made.

2606. §4985 — Section 5535, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 319 , required evidence of age for enlistment of minors in Regular Navy as seamen, seamen apprentices or seamen recruits.

2607. §4985 — Section 5537, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 319 , provided for extension of naval service during disability incident to service.

2608. §4985 — Section 5538, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 319 , provided for extension of enlistments in Regular Navy or Regular Marine Corps during war or national emergency.

2609. §4985 — Section 5539, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 320 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(116) , 72 Stat. 1493 ; Sept. 7, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–649, § 14c(27) , 76 Stat. 501 , provided for voluntary extension or re-extension of enlistments in Regular Navy or Regular Marine Corps.

2610. §4985 — Section 5571, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 321 , prescribed a citizenship requirement for appointment as an officer in the Regular Navy or the Regular Marine Corps. See section 532 of this title .

2611. §4985 — Section 5572, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 321 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(117) , 72 Stat. 1493 , required that each appointment to the active list of the Navy or to the active list of the Marine Corps be made by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. See section 531 of this title .

2612. §4985 — Section 5573, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 321 , authorized appointment of graduates of the Naval Academy to the Regular Navy and the Regular Marine Corps.

2613. §4985 — Section 5573a, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(118)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1493 , authorized appointments to the active list of the Navy in permanent grades not above lieutenant and to the active list of the Marine Corps in permanent grades not above captain from officers of the Naval Reserve or the Marine Corps Reserve and from officers of the Regular Navy or the Regular Marine Corps not holding permanent commissioned appointments therein.

2614. §4985 — Section 5574, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 321 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(119) , 72 Stat. 1493 , prescribed requirements for original appointments to the active list of the Navy in the Medical Corps. See section 532 of this title .

2615. §4985 — Section 5575, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 322 , prescribed requirements for original appointments to the active list of the Navy in the Supply Corps. See section 532 of this title .

2616. §4985 — Section 5576, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 322 , prescribed requirements for original appointments to the active list of the Navy in the Chaplain Corps. See section 532 of this title .

2617. §4985 — Section 5577, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 322 , prescribed requirements for original appointments to the active list of the Navy in the Civil Engineer Corps. See section 532 of this title .

2618. §4985 — Section 5578, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat 322; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(120) , 72 Stat. 1494 , prescribed requirements for original appointments to the active list of the Navy in the Dental Corps. See section 532 of this title .

2619. §4985 — Section 5578a, added Pub. L. 90–179, § 5(1) , Dec. 8, 1967 , 81 Stat. 547 , prescribed requirements for original appointments to the active list of the Navy in the Judge Advocate General’s Corps. See section 532 of this title .

2620. §4985 — Section 5579, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 323 , prescribed requirements for original appointments to the active list of the Navy in the Medical Service Corps. See section 532 of this title .

2621. §4985 — Section 5580, acts Aug. 10, 1956 , ch 1041, 70A Stat. 323 ; Sept. 30, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–609, § 1(7) –(9), 80 Stat. 853 , prescribed requirements for original appointments to the active list of the Navy in the Nurse Corps. See section 532 of this title .

2622. §4985 — Section 5583, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 324 , prescribed requirements for original appointments to the active list of the Marine Corps from noncommissioned officers of the Regular Marine Corps. See section 532 of this title .

2623. §4985 — Section 5584, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 324 , prescribed requirements for original appointments to the active list of the Marine Corps from former officers of the Marine Corps. See section 532 of this title .

2624. §4985 — Section 5591, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 327 , prescribed maximum number of appointments that could be made annually to active list of Navy in Supply Corps in grade of ensign.

2625. §4985 — Section 5592, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 327 , prescribed maximum number of appointments that could be made annually to active list of Navy in Civil Engineer Corps in grade of ensign.

2626. §4985 — Section 5593, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 328 , prescribed maximum number of appointments that could be made annually to active list of Navy in Medical Service Corps in grade of ensign.

2627. §4985 — Section 5594, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 328 , prescribed maximum number of appointments that could be made annually to active list of Navy in Nurse Corps in grade of ensign.

2628. §4985 — Section 5595, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 328 , restricted appointment of a former midshipman at Naval Academy or a former cadet at Military Academy to a commissioned grade in Regular Marine Corps until after graduation of class of which he was a member.

2629. §4985 — Section 5597, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 330 ; Sept. 7, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–649 , §§ 5(a), 14c(28), 76 Stat. 493 , 501; Sept. 28, 1971 , Pub. L. 92–129, title VI, § 603(a) , 85 Stat. 362 , authorized temporary appointments in Navy and Marine Corps in times of war or national emergency. See section 603 of this title .

2630. §4985 — Section 5598, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 331 , authorized temporary appointments in Naval Reserve and Marine Corps Reserve in times of war or national emergency. See section 603 of this title .

2631. §4985 — Section 5599, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 331 , provided that the President alone could make appointments for temporary service in Medical Corps in grade of lieutenant (junior grade). See section 603 of this title .

2632. §4985 — Section 5651, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 332 , related to eligibility of officers to be running mates.

2633. §4985 — Section 5652, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 332 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(122) , 72 Stat. 1495 , related, except as provided in sections 5652a, 5652b, 5652c, 5653, and 5654 of this title, to assignment of running mates from among eligible line officers to staff corps officers serving in grade of lieutenant (junior grade) on active list of Navy.

2634. §4985 — Section 5652a, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(123)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1495 , and amended Pub. L. 90–179, § 12 , Dec. 8, 1967 , 81 Stat. 549 , related to assignment of running mates to officers appointed to active list of Navy in grade of lieutenant (junior grade) in Medical Corps, Judge Advocate General’s Corps, or Dental Corps.

2635. §4985 — Section 5652b, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(123)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1495 , and amended Pub. L. 88–647, title III, § 301(14)(B) , Oct. 13, 1964 , 78 Stat. 1072 , related to assignment of running mates to certain officers originally appointed as ensigns to active list of Navy and serving as staff corps officers at time of promotion to grade of lieutenant (junior grade).

2636. §4985 — Section 5652c, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(123)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1496 , related to assignment of running mates to officers appointed to active list of Navy in a staff corps under section 5573a of this title .

2637. §4985 — Section 5653, acts Aug. 10, 1056, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 333 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(124) , 72 Stat. 1496 , related to assignment of running mates to officers originally appointed to active list of Navy in a staff corps in a grade of lieutenant or above.

2638. §4985 — Section 5654, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 333 , related to assignment of running mates to officers on active list in line of Navy transferred to a staff corps in grade of lieutenant (junior grade) or above.

2639. §4985 — Section 5655, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 333 , related to assignment of running mates to officers of Naval Reserve in a staff corps ordered to active duty and placed on a lineal list.

2640. §4985 — Section 5656, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 334 , related to reassignment of a running mate to a staff corps officer on active duty where originally assigned running mate was separated from active list, was released from active duty, or lost numbers.

2641. §4985 — Section 5657, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 334 , related to reassignment of a running mate to a staff corps officer on active duty where such staff corps officer was promoted after selection.

2642. §4985 — Section 5658, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 334 , related to reassignment of a running mate to a staff corps officer on active duty where running mate of staff corps officer was promoted to a higher grade without staff corps officer being so promoted.

2643. §4985 — Section 5659, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 334 , related to reassignment of a running mate to a staff corps officer where such staff corps officer was not restricted in performance of duty and was serving on active duty in grade of lieutenant (junior grade) or above and lost numbers in grade.

2644. §4985 — Section 5660, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 335 , related to reassignment of a running mate to a staff corps officer on active duty where running mate originally assigned to such staff corps officer was advanced in numbers or in grade.

2645. §4985 — Section 5661, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 335 , related to reassignment of a running mate to a staff corps officer where staff corps officer was not restricted in performance of duty, was serving on active duty in grade of lieutenant (junior grade) or above, and was advanced in numbers in his grade.

2646. §4985 — Section 5662, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 335 ; Apr. 21, 1976 , Pub. L. 94–273, § 2(3) , 90 Stat. 375 , authorized President to suspend any provisions of sections 5651 to 5661 of this title during times of war or national emergency or during certain other times when specified conditions were found to exist.

2647. §4985 — Section 5663, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 335 , excluded from application of sections 5651 to 5662 of this title certain women officers, women reserve officers, retired officers, and officers of Naval Reserve.

2648. §4985 — Section 5664, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 336 , related to assignment of running mates to women officers on active list of Navy appointed under section 5590 of this title in any staff corps.

2649. §4985 — Section 5701, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 336 ; Feb. 26, 1970 , Pub. L. 91–199, § 1 , 84 Stat. 16 , related to convening by Secretary of Navy at least annually of selection boards to recommend male officers in line of Navy for promotion and continuation on active list. See section 611 of this title .

2650. §4985 — Section 5702, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 337 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title II, § 201(5) , 71 Stat. 381 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(18)(A) –(H), 81 Stat. 377 ; Dec. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–179, § 12 , 81 Stat. 549 , related to convening of selection boards to recommend staff corps officers, other than women officers appointed under former section 5590 of this title , for promotion and continuation on active list. See section 611 of this title .

2651. §4985 — Section 5703, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 338 ; Aug. 3, 1961 , Pub. L. 87–123, § 5(11) , 75 Stat. 265 ; Sept. 19, 1978 , Pub. L. 95–377, § 10(a) , 92 Stat. 721 ; Sept. 8, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–343, § 10(d) , 94 Stat. 1130 , related to convening at least annually by Secretary of Navy of selection boards to recommend male officers of Marine Corps for promotion and for continuation on active list. See section 611 of this title .

2652. §4985 — Section 5704, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 339 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(18)(I) –(K), 81 Stat. 377 , relating to convening by Secretary of Navy at least annually of selection boards to recommend women officers in line of Navy for promotion to grades of captain, commander, lieutenant commander, and lieutenant. See section 611 of this title .

2653. §4985 — Section 5705, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 340 , related to oath of selection board members. See section 613 of this title .

2654. §4985 — Section 5706, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 340 ; Aug. 3, 1961 , Pub. L. 87–123, § 5(12) , 75 Stat. 265 , related to information furnished selection boards by Secretary of Navy. See section 615 of this title .

2655. §4985 — Section 5707, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 341 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title II, § 201(6) , 71 Stat. 382 ; Aug. 3, 1961 , Pub. L. 87–123, § 5(13) , 75 Stat. 265 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(18)(L) , 81 Stat. 377 , related to officers to be recommended for promotion or continuation by selection boards. See section 616 of this title .

2656. §4985 — Section 5708, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 342 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title II, § 201(7) , 71 Stat. 382 ; Dec. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–179, § 12 , 81 Stat. 549 , related to required certification of selection board reports. See section 617 of this title .

2657. §4985 — Section 5709, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 344 ; Aug. 3, 1961 , Pub. L. 87–123, § 5(14) , 75 Stat. 265 , related to retention of rear admirals in Navy and major generals in Marine Corps on active list. See section 611 of this title .

2658. §4985 — Section 5710, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 344 , directed submission of selection board reports to either Secretary of Navy or President. See section 617 of this title .

2659. §4985 — Section 5711, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 345 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(18)(M) , 81 Stat. 377 ; Apr. 21, 1976 , Pub. L. 94–273, § 2(3) , 90 Stat. 375 , authorized suspension of specific provisions of sections 5701 to 5710 of this title under certain circumstances by President and excluded specific categories of officers from consideration by selection boards. See section 123(a), (b) of this title.

2660. §4985 — Section 5751, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 346 ; Aug. 3, 1961 , Pub. L. 87–123, § 5(16) , 75 Stat. 266 , related to eligibility for consideration by a selection board for promotion of male officers in line of Navy and male officers in Marine Corps. See section 619 of this title .

2661. §4985 — Section 5752, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 347 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(126) , 72 Stat. 1497 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(19)(A) –(C), 81 Stat. 378 , related to eligibility for consideration by a selection board for promotion of women officers in line of Navy and women officers in Marine Corps. See section 619 of this title .

2662. §4985 — Section 5753, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 347 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title II, § 201(8) , 71 Stat. 382 ; Nov. 7, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(19)(D) , 81 Stat. 378 ; Dec. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–179, § 12 , 81 Stat. 549 , related to eligibility of Navy staff corps officers for consideration for promotion by a selection board. See section 619 of this title .

2663. §4985 — Section 5754, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 348 , prescribed general conditions for eligibility for consideration by a selection board for promotion. See section 619 of this title .

2664. §4985 — Section 5755, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 348 , related to communications between a selection board and an officer eligible for consideration for promotion by such board. See section 614 of this title .

2665. §4985 — Section 5756, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 348 , directed Secretary of Navy to furnish appropriate selection board with number of male officers in line of Navy or of Marine Corps that could be recommended for promotion to next highest grade and prescribed a formula for arriving at such number. See section 622 of this title .

2666. §4985 — Section 5757, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 348 , directed Secretary of Navy to furnish appropriate selection board with number of male officers in line of Navy or of Marine Corps designated for limited duty that could be recommended for promotion to next highest grade and prescribed a formula for arriving at such number. See section 622 of this title .

2667. §4985 — Section 5758, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 349 , directed Secretary of Navy to furnish appropriate selection board with numbers of officers designated for engineering, aeronautical engineering, and special duty that could be recommended for promotion to grade of rear admiral and numbers of male officers designated for such duty that could be recommended for promotion to a grade below rear admiral and prescribed formulas for arriving at such numbers. See section 622 of this title .

2668. §4985 — Section 5760, acts Aug. 10, 1056, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 350 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(19)(E) , (F), 81 Stat. 378 , directed Secretary of Navy to furnish appropriate selection board with number of women officers in the line of Navy that could be recommended for promotion to grade of lieutenant, captain, commander, or lieutenant commander and number of women officers of Marine Corps that could be recommended for promotion to grade of captain, colonel, lieutenant colonel, or major. See section 622 of this title .

2669. §4985 — Section 5761, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 350 , directed Secretary of Navy to furnish appropriate selection board with number of officers in any staff corps that could be recommended for promotion to grade of rear admiral. See section 622 of this title .

2670. §4985 — Section 5762, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 351 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title II, § 201(9) , 71 Stat. 383 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(19)(G) , (H), 81 Stat. 378 ; Dec. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–179, § 6 , 81 Stat. 548 , directed Secretary of Navy to furnish appropriate selection boards with number of staff corps officers that could be recommended for promotion to grades below rear admiral. See section 622 of this title .

2671. §4985 — Section 5763, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 352 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(127) , 72 Stat. 1497 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(19)(I) , 81 Stat. 378 , directed Secretary of Navy to furnish appropriate selection boards with number of certain women officers in a staff corps of Navy that could be recommended for promotion to grade of captain, commander, or lieutenant commander. See section 622 of this title .

2672. §4985 — Section 5764, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 353 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(19)(J) , (K), 81 Stat. 378 , related to establishment of promotion zones in each grade in line of Navy. See section 623 of this title .

2673. §4985 — Section 5765, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 354 ; Aug. 3, 1961 , Pub. L. 87–123, § 5(19) , 75 Stat. 266 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(19)(J) , (L), 81 Stat. 378 , related to establishment of promotion zon

2674. §5501 — National missile defense policy

2675. §5502 — Missile defense agency 1 1 So in original. Probably should be capitalized as “Missile Defense Agency”.

2676. §5511 — Ballistic missile defense programs: program elements

2677. §5512 — Ballistic missile defense programs: display of amounts for research, development, test, and evaluation

2678. §5513 — Unfunded priorities of the missile defense agency: 1 1 So in original. Probably should be capitalized as “Missile Defense Agency:”. annual report

2679. §5514 — Acquisition accountability on the missile defense system

2680. §5514 — Section 223 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title XVI, § 1649(b)(1) , Dec. 23, 2024 , 138 Stat. 2199 . See section 5511 of this title .

2681. §5515 — Missile defense and defeat programs: major force program and budget assessment

2682. §5531 — Technical authority for integrated air and missile defense activities and programs

2683. §5532 — Hypersonic defense capability development

2684. §5533 — Required testing of ground-based midcourse defense element of ballistic missile defense system

2685. §5534 — Integration and interoperability of air and missile defense capabilities

2686. §5534 — Section 1681(c) of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 1681(c) of Pub. L. 115–232 , div. A, title XVI, Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2161 , which is not classified to the Code.

2687. §5535 — Development of requirements to support integrated air and missile defense capabilities

2688. §5536 — Testing and assessment of missile defense systems prior to production and deployment

2689. §5537 — Limitation on Missile Defense Agency production of satellites and ground systems associated with operation of such satellites

2690. §5551 — Prohibitions relating to missile defense information and systems

2691. §5552 — Biannual briefing on missile defense and related activities

2692. §5553 — Provision of information on flight testing of ground-based midcourse national missile defense system

2693. §7001 — Definitions

2694. §7011 — Organization

2695. §7012 — Department of the Army: seal

2696. §7013 — Secretary of the Army

2697. §7014 — Office of the Secretary of the Army

2698. §7015 — Under Secretary of the Army

2699. §7016 — Assistant Secretaries of the Army

2700. §7017 — Secretary of the Army: successors to duties

2701. §7017 — Section 3347 of title 5 , referred to in text, was repealed and a new section 3347 was enacted by Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title I, § 151(b) , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–611 , and, as so enacted, no longer contains provisions authorizing the President to direct temporary successors to duties. See section 3345 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

2702. §7018 — Administrative Assistant

2703. §7019 — General Counsel

2704. §7020 — Inspector General

2705. §7021 — Army Reserve Forces Policy Committee

2706. §7022 — Financial management

2707. §7023 — Chief of Legislative Liaison

2708. §7024 — Director of Small Business Programs

2709. §7031 — The Army Staff: function; composition

2710. §7032 — The Army Staff: general duties

2711. §7033 — Chief of Staff

2712. §7033 — Section 664(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), was redesignated as section 664(d) of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title V, § 510(g)(1) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2111 .

2713. §7034 — Vice Chief of Staff

2714. §7035 — Deputy Chiefs of Staff and Assistant Chiefs of Staff

2715. §7036 — Chiefs of branches: appointment; duties

2716. §7036 — Section 1. Abolition of officers and transfer of functions . The following officers named in section 3036, Title 10, United States Code [now 10 U.S.C. 7036 ], are hereby abolished and their functions transferred to the Secretary of the Army:

2717. §7037 — Judge Advocate General, Deputy Judge Advocate General, and general officers of Judge Advocate General’s Corps: appointment; duties

2718. §7038 — Office of Army Reserve: appointment of Chief

2719. §7061 — Regulations

2720. §7062 — Policy; composition; organized peace establishment

2721. §7063 — Basic branches

2722. §7064 — Special branches

2723. §7065 — Assignment and detail: officers assigned or detailed to basic and special branches

2724. §7067 — Army Medical Department

2725. §7068 — Medical Service Corps: organization; Chief and assistant chiefs

2726. §7069 — Army Nurse Corps: composition; Chief and assistant chief; appointment; grade

2727. §7070 — Army Medical Specialist Corps: organization; Chief

2728. §7072 — Judge Advocate General’s Corps

2729. §7073 — Chaplains

2730. §7074 — Commands: territorial organization; engineer tactical units

2731. §7075 — Regular Army: composition

2732. §7081 — Dental Corps: Chief, functions

2733. §7081 — Section 3039 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title V, § 502(n)(1) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2103 .

2734. §7083 — Public Affairs Specialty

2735. §7084 — Chief of Veterinary Corps

2736. §7101 — Officers on active duty: minimum strength based on requirements

2737. §7102 — Congressional notification of significant Army force structure changes

2738. §7110 — Regular Army: strength in grade; general officers

2739. §7131 — Definition

2740. §7138 — Regular Army: reenlistment after service as an officer

2741. §7142 — Army: percentage of high-school graduates

2742. §7151 — Commissioned officer grades

2743. §7152 — General officers: title of office

2744. §7153 — Commissioned officers: appointment without specification of branch; transfer between branches

2745. §7176 — Retention on active duty

2746. §7191 — Non-regular officers: status

2747. §7203 — Retired commissioned officers: status

2748. §7213 — Corps of Engineers: assignment or transfer of officers to duties involving civil functions

2749. §7214 — Corps of Engineers: detail of officers to assist Mayor of District of Columbia

2750. §7216 — Leader of Army Band: appointment

2751. §7217 — Duties: chaplains; assistance required of commanding officers

2752. §7218 — Duties: warrant officers; limitations

2753. §7222 — Rank: commissioned officers serving under temporary appointments

2754. §7225 — Rank: warrant officers

2755. §7229 — Command: commissioned officers of Army Medical Department

2756. §7231 — Command: chaplains

2757. §7233 — Requirement of exemplary conduct

2758. §7239 — Enlisted members: officers not to use as servants

2759. §7251 — Presentation of United States flag upon retirement

2760. §7252 — Service credit: regular enlisted members; service as an officer to be counted as enlisted service

2761. §7253 — Flying officer rating: qualifications

2762. §7263 — When Secretary may require

2763. §7271 — Medal of honor: award

2764. §7272 — Distinguished-service cross: award

2765. §7273 — Distinguished-service medal: award

2766. §7274 — Medal of honor; distinguished-service cross; distinguished-service medal: limitations on award

2767. §7275 — Medal of honor; distinguished-service cross; distinguished-service medal: delegation of power to award

2768. §7276 — Silver star: award

2769. §7277 — Medal of honor; distinguished-service cross; distinguished-service medal; silver star: replacement

2770. §7278 — Medal of honor; distinguished-service cross; distinguished-service medal; silver star: availability of appropriations

2771. §7279 — Distinguished flying cross: award; limitations

2772. §7280 — Soldier’s Medal: award; limitations

2773. §7281 — Service medals: issue; replacement; availability of appropriations

2774. §7282 — Medals: posthumous award and presentation

2775. §7283 — Civil War battle streamers

2776. §7284 — Medal of honor: duplicate medal

2777. §7285 — Medal of honor: presentation of Medal of Honor Flag

2778. §7286 — Korea Defense Service Medal

2779. §7311 — Twenty years or more: regular or reserve commissioned officers

2780. §7314 — Twenty to thirty years: enlisted members

2781. §7317 — Thirty years or more: regular enlisted members

2782. §7318 — Thirty years or more: regular commissioned officers

2783. §7320 — More than thirty years: permanent professors and the Director of Admissions of the United States Military Academy

2784. §7321 — Mandatory retirement: Superintendent of the United States Military Academy; waiver authority

2785. §7324 — Forty years or more: Army officers

2786. §7325 — Computation of years of service: voluntary retirement; enlisted members

2787. §7325 — Section 3683 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed (subject to a savings clause) by Pub. L. 99–145, title XIII, § 1301(b)(1)(A) , (C), Nov. 8, 1985 , 99 Stat. 735 .

2788. §7326 — Computation of years of service: voluntary retirement; regular and reserve commissioned officers

2789. §7326 — Section 3683 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(3) and (d), was repealed (subject to a savings clause) by Pub. L. 99–145, title XIII, § 1301(b)(1)(A) , (C), Nov. 8, 1985 , 99 Stat. 735 .

2790. §7326 — Section 972(b) of this title excludes from computation of an officer’s years of service for purposes of this section any time identified with respect to that officer under that section.

2791. §7329 — Computation of retired pay: law applicable

2792. §7341 — General rule

2793. §7342 — Higher grade for service in special positions

2794. §7343 — Highest grade held satisfactorily: Reserve enlisted members reduced in grade not as a result of the member’s misconduct

2795. §7344 — Higher grade after 30 years of service: warrant officers and enlisted members

2796. §7345 — Restoration to former grade: retired warrant officers and enlisted members

2797. §7346 — Retired lists

2798. §7361 — Computation of retired pay

2799. §7362 — Recomputation of retired pay to reflect advancement on retired list

2800. §7371 — Army War College and United States Army Command and General Staff College: civilian faculty members

2801. §7374 — Expert accountant for Inspector General

2802. §7375 — Production of supplies and munitions: hours and pay of laborers and mechanics

2803. §7377 — Certain civilian special agents: authority to execute warrants and make arrests

2804. §7381 — Fatality reviews

2805. §7381 — Section 7391, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 456 ; July 10, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–533, § 1(a)(2) , 76 Stat. 154 , provided for a United States Naval Oceanographic Office attached to the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations which would provide navigational aids, charts, books, and manuals, and was reenacted as former section 2791 of this title .

2806. §7381 — Section 7392, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 456 ; July 10, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–533, § 1(a)(3) , 76 Stat. 154 , provided that the Secretary of the Navy may have the United States Naval Oceanographic Office prepare navigational aids, charts, and books, and that he may publish and distribute such materials and buy copyrights of existing navigational aids, charts, and books, and was reenacted as section 451 of this title .

2807. §7381 — Section 7393, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 456 ; July 10, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–533, § 1(a)(4) , 76 Stat. 154 , directed that certain identifying information be printed on United States Naval Oceanographic pilot charts, and that the Department of Commerce’s Weather Bureau provide the Naval Oceanographic Office with data necessary for their preparation, and was reenacted as section 452 of this title .

2808. §7381 — Section 7394, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 457 ; July 10, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–533, § 1(a)(5) , 76 Stat. 154 ; Aug. 14, 1964 , Pub. L. 88–436, § 1(a) , 78 Stat. 443 , directed that publications by the Naval Oceanographic Office be sold under regulations of the Secretary of the Navy, and that proceeds be covered into the Treasury, and was reenacted as section 453 of this title .

2809. §7401 — Members of Army: detail as students, observers, and investigators at educational institutions, industrial plants, and hospitals

2810. §7402 — Enlisted members of Army: schools

2811. §7403 — Army Ranger training: instructor staffing; safety

2812. §7406 — Service schools: leaves of absence for instructors

2813. §7409 — Rifle ranges: availability for use by members and civilians

2814. §7414 — Degree granting authority for United States Army Command and General Staff College

2815. §7415 — The Judge Advocate General’s School: master of laws in military law

2816. §7417 — Military history fellowships

2817. §7418 — Drill sergeant trainees: human relations training

2818. §7419 — Recruit basic training: separate housing for male and female recruits

2819. §7420 — Recruit basic training: privacy

2820. §7421 — Degree granting authority for United States Army War College

2821. §7422 — Degree granting authority for United States Army Armament Graduate School

2822. §7431 — Establishment; Superintendent; faculty

2823. §7432 — Departments and professors: titles

2824. §7433 — Superintendent; faculty: appointment and detail

2825. § 7433a. Superintendent: condition for detail to position

2826. §7434 — Command and supervision

2827. §7435 — Dean of Academic Board

2828. §7436 — Permanent professors; director of admissions

2829. §7437 — Chaplain

2830. §7438 — Civilian faculty: number; compensation

2831. §7440 — Quartermaster

2832. §7441 — Faculty and other officers: leaves of absence

2833. § 7441a. Cadets: appointment by the President

2834. §7442 — Cadets: appointment; numbers, territorial distribution

2835. § 7442a. Cadets: nomination in event of death, resignation, or expulsion from office of Member of Congress otherwise authorized to nominate

2836. §7443 — Cadets: appointment; to bring Corps to full strength

2837. §7446 — Cadets: requirements for admission

2838. §7447 — Cadets; nominees: effect of redistricting of States

2839. §7448 — Cadets: service obligation

2840. §7449 — Cadets: organization of Corps; service; instruction

2841. §7450 — Cadets: clothing and equipment

2842. §7451 — Cadets: deficiencies in conduct or studies; effect of failure on successor

2843. §7452 — Cadets: hazing

2844. §7453 — Cadets: degree and commission on graduation

2845. §7454 — Buildings and grounds: memorial hall; buildings for religious worship

2846. §7455 — Board of Visitors

2847. §7456 — Use of certain gifts

2848. §7457 — Acceptance of guarantees with gifts for major projects

2849. §7458 — Grants for faculty research for scientific, literary, and educational purposes: acceptance; authorized grantees

2850. §7459 — Mixed-funded athletic and recreational extracurricular programs: authority to manage appropriated funds in same manner as nonappropriated funds

2851. §7460 — Cadets: charges and fees for attendance; limitation

2852. §7461 — Policy on sexual harassment and sexual violence

2853. §7462 — Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (g)(1), is classified to section 501(c)(3) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

2854. §7462 — Support of athletic programs

2855. §7481 — Establishment: purpose

2856. §7482 — Operation

2857. §7483 — Transportation and subsistence during travel

2858. §7484 — Quartermaster and ordnance property: sales

2859. §7486 — Academy of Health Sciences: admission of civilians in physician assistant training program

2860. §7487 — United States Army War College: acceptance of grants for faculty research for scientific, literary, and educational purposes

2861. §7532 — Factories and arsenals: manufacture at

2862. §7536 — Equipment: post bakeries, schools, kitchens, and mess halls

2863. §7540 — Architectural and engineering services

2864. §7541 — Army arsenals: treatment of unutilized or underutilized plant-capacity costs

2865. §7542 — Technical data packages for large-caliber cannon: prohibition on transfers to foreign countries; exception

2866. §7543 — Army industrial facilities: sales of manufactured articles or services outside Department of Defense

2867. §7544 — Army industrial facilities: cooperative activities with non-Army entities

2868. §7551 — Definitions

2869. §7552 — Policy

2870. §7553 — Armament Retooling and Manufacturing Support Initiative

2871. §7553 — Section 1302 of title 40 shall not apply to uses of property or facilities in accordance with the ARMS Initiative.

2872. §7554 — Property management contracts and leases

2873. §7555 — ARMS Initiative loan guarantee program

2874. §7561 — Rations

2875. §7562 — Clothing

2876. §7563 — Clothing: replacement when destroyed to prevent contagion

2877. §7564 — Navy and Marine Corps: camp equipment and transportation; when on shore duty with Army

2878. §7565 — Colors, standards, and guidons of demobilized organizations: disposition

2879. §7565 — Section 7574, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 468 ; Aug. 30, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–241, title IV, § 404(b) , 71 Stat. 556 ; Aug. 10, 1959 , Pub. L. 86–149, title IV, § 410(b) , 73 Stat. 321 ; July 27, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–554, title V, § 504(b) , (d), 76 Stat. 239 ; Nov. 7, 1963 , Pub. L. 88–174, title V, § 503 , 77 Stat. 325 ; Dec. 5, 1969 , Pub. L. 91–142, title V, § 510(a) , 83 Stat. 312 ; Oct. 27, 1971 , Pub. L. 92–145, title V, § 508(b) , (c), 85 Stat. 408 , related to quarters: limitations on size.

2880. §7565 — Section 7575, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 469 , related to quarters: exemptions from cost limitations.

2881. §7591 — Utilities: proceeds from overseas operations

2882. §7592 — Radiograms and telegrams: forwarding charges due connecting commercial facilities

2883. §7593 — Quarters: heat and light

2884. §7594 — Furnishing of heraldic services

2885. §7595 — Army Military History Institute: fee for providing historical information to the public

2886. §7596 — Provision of goods and services at Kwajalein Atoll

2887. §7621 — Quartermaster supplies: members of armed forces; veterans; executive or military departments and employees; prices

2888. §7622 — Rations: commissioned officers in field

2889. §7624 — Medical supplies: civilian employees of the Army; American National Red Cross; Armed Forces Retirement Home

2890. §7625 — Ordnance property: officers of armed forces; civilian employees of Army; American National Red Cross; educational institutions; homes for veterans’ orphans

2891. §7626 — Aircraft supplies and services: foreign military or air attaché

2892. §7627 — Supplies: educational institutions

2893. §7628 — Airplane parts and accessories: civilian flying schools

2894. §7629 — Proceeds: disposition

2895. §7652 — Rifles and ammunition for target practice: educational institutions having corps of cadets

2896. §7653 — Ordnance and ordnance stores: District of Columbia high schools

2897. §7654 — Quartermaster supplies: military instruction camps

2898. §7655 — Arms and ammunition: agencies and departments of the United States

2899. §7656 — Aircraft and equipment: civilian aviation schools

2900. §7657 — Sale of ammunition for avalanche-control purposes

2901. §7682 — Obsolete or excess material: sale to National Council of Boy Scouts of America

2902. §7683 — Excess non-automatic service rifles: loan or donation for funeral and other ceremonial purposes

2903. §7684 — Surplus obsolete ordnance: sale to patriotic organizations

2904. §7685 — Obsolete ordnance: loan to educational institutions and State soldiers and sailors’ orphans’ homes

2905. §7686 — Obsolete ordnance: gift to State homes for soldiers and sailors

2906. §7687 — Sale of excess, obsolete, or unserviceable ammunition and ammunition components

2907. §7688 — Armor-piercing ammunition and components: condition on disposal

2908. §7689 — Transfer of material and equipment to the Architect of the Capitol

2909. §7690 — Recyclable munitions materials: sale; use of proceeds

2910. §7712 — Disposition of effects of deceased persons by summary court-martial

2911. §7714 — Collection of captured flags, standards, and colors

2912. §7721 — Authority and responsibilities of the Secretary of the Army

2913. §7722 — Interment and inurnment policy

2914. §7723 — Advisory committee on Arlington National Cemetery

2915. §7724 — Executive Director

2916. §7725 — Superintendents

2917. §7726 — Oversight and inspections

2918. §7727 — Cemetery concessions contracts

2919. §7749 — Property: for United States surveys

2920. §7771 — Acceptance of donations: land for mobilization, training, supply base, or aviation field

2921. §7772 — Heritage Center for the National Museum of the United States Army: development and operation

2922. §7776 — Emergency construction: fortifications

2923. §7777 — Permits: military reservations; landing ferries, erecting bridges, driving livestock

2924. §7778 — Licenses: military reservations; erection and use of buildings; Young Men’s Christian Association

2925. §7779 — Use of public property

2926. §7780 — Acquisition of buildings in District of Columbia

2927. §7781 — Cyber Center for Education and Innovation-Home of the National Cryptologic Museum

2928. §7801 — Definition

2929. §7802 — Admiralty claims against the United States

2930. §7803 — Admiralty claims by United States

2931. §7804 — Salvage claims by United States

2932. §7806 — Settlement or compromise: final and conclusive

2933. §7831 — Custody of departmental records and property

2934. §7837 — Settlement of accounts: remission or cancellation of indebtedness of members

2935. §7838 — Settlement of accounts: affidavit of company commander

2936. §7839 — Settlement of accounts: oaths

2937. §7840 — Final settlement of officer’s accounts

2938. §7841 — Payment of small amounts to public creditors

2939. §7842 — Settlement of accounts of line officers

2940. §8001 — Definitions

2941. §8011 — Organization

2942. §8012 — Department of the Navy: seal

2943. §8013 — Secretary of the Navy

2944. § 8013a. Secretary of the Navy: powers with respect to Coast Guard

2945. Section 3 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated section 103 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 103(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4195 , and references to section 3 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

2946. §8014 — Office of the Secretary of the Navy

2947. §8015 — Under Secretary of the Navy

2948. §8016 — Assistant Secretaries of the Navy

2949. §8017 — Secretary of the Navy: successors to duties

2950. §8017 — Section 3347 of title 5 , referred to in text, was repealed and a new section 3347 was enacted by Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title I, § 151(b) , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–611 , and, as so enacted, no longer contains provisions authorizing the President to direct temporary successors to duties. See section 3345 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

2951. §8018 — Administrative Assistant

2952. §8019 — General Counsel

2953. §8020 — Naval Inspector General: detail; duties

2954. §8022 — Office of Naval Research: duties

2955. §8023 — Office of Naval Research: appropriations; time limit

2956. §8025 — Financial management

2957. §8026 — Consultation with Commandant of the Marine Corps on major decisions directly concerning Marine Corps aviation or amphibious force structure and capability

2958. §8027 — Chief of Legislative Affairs

2959. §8028 — Director of Small Business Programs

2960. §8029 — Naval Air Warfare Rapid Capabilities Office

2961. §8031 — Office of the Chief of Naval Operations: function; composition

2962. §8032 — Office of the Chief of Naval Operations: general duties

2963. §8033 — Chief of Naval Operations

2964. §8033 — Section 664(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), was redesignated as section 664(d) of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title V, § 510(g)(1) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2111 .

2965. §8035 — Vice Chief of Naval Operations

2966. §8036 — Deputy Chiefs of Naval Operations

2967. §8037 — Assistant Chiefs of Naval Operations

2968. §8038 — Director for Expeditionary Warfare

2969. §8039 — Deputy Commander of the Naval Sea Systems Command for the Supervision of Shipbuilding, Conversion, and Repair

2970. §8041 — Headquarters, Marine Corps: function; composition

2971. §8042 — Headquarters, Marine Corps: general duties

2972. §8043 — Commandant of the Marine Corps

2973. §8043 — Section 664(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), was redesignated as section 664(d) of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title V, § 510(g)(1) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2111 .

2974. §8044 — Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps

2975. §8045 — Deputy Commandants

2976. §8046 — Staff Judge Advocate to the Commandant of the Marine Corps

2977. §8047 — Legislative Assistant to the Commandant

2978. §8048 — Medical Officer of the Marine Corps

2979. §8061 — Department of the Navy: composition

2980. §8062 — United States Navy: composition; functions

2981. §8063 — United States Marine Corps: composition; functions

2982. §8071 — Bureaus: names; location

2983. §8072 — Bureaus: distribution of business; orders; records; expenses

2984. §8075 — Bureau Chiefs: succession to duties

2985. §8077 — Surgeon General: appointment; duties

2986. §8078 — Bureau of Medicine and Surgery: Dental Corps; Chief; functions

2987. §8078 — Section 5133 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title V, § 502(z)(1) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2104 .

2988. §8079 — Appointment of chiropractors in the Medical Service Corps

2989. §8079 — Section 8079, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 496 , related to status of Air National Guard of United States when not in Federal service. See section 10113 of this title .

2990. §8079 — Section 8080, added Pub. L. 86–603, § 1(3)(A) , July 7, 1960 , 74 Stat. 357 , related to authority of officers of Air National Guard of United States with respect to Federal status. See section 10215 of this title .

2991. §8081 — Chief of Naval Personnel; Deputy Chief of Naval Personnel

2992. §8082 — Chaplain Corps and Chief of Chaplains

2993. § 8082a. Deputy Chief of Chaplains

2994. §8083 — Office of Navy Reserve: appointment of Chief

2995. §8084 — Office of Marine Forces Reserve: appointment of Commander

2996. §8088 — Judge Advocate General’s Corps: Office of the Judge Advocate General; Judge Advocate General; appointment, term, emoluments, duties

2997. §8089 — Office of the Judge Advocate General: Deputy Judge Advocate General; Assistant Judge Advocates General

2998. §8090 — Staff corps of the Navy

2999. §8101 — Prescribed number; vacancies

3000. §8102 — Regular Navy: retired flag officers on active duty

3001. §8103 — Suspension: preceding sections

3002. §8111 — Navy: grades above chief warrant officer, W–5

3003. §8112 — Marine Corps: grades above chief warrant officer, W–5

3004. §8113 — Navy and Marine Corps: warrant officer grades

3005. §8118 — Rank of line and staff corps officers of the Navy and officers of the Marine Corps

3006. §8120 — Expiration: rights of member

3007. §8132 — Regular Navy: transfers, line and staff corps

3008. §8135 — Regular Marine Corps: order of filling vacancies in grade of second lieutenant

3009. §8138 — Regular Marine Corps: judge advocates

3010. §8139 — Regular Navy and Regular Marine Corps: officers designated for limited duty

3011. §8146 — Navy and Marine Corps: temporary appointments of officers designated for limited duty

3012. §8162 — Aviation commands: eligibility

3013. §8163 — Naval shipyards

3014. §8164 — Marine Corps officers: limitation on power to command

3015. §8165 — Staff corps officers: limitation on power to command

3016. §8166 — Precedence accorded commanding officers

3017. §8167 — Requirement of exemplary conduct

3018. §8168 — Consular powers: senior officer present afloat

3019. §8169 — Policy as to leave and liberty

3020. §8171 — Continuation of authority after loss of vessel or aircraft

3021. §8172 — Marine Corps organizations on vessels: authority of officers

3022. §8183 — State Department: assignment of enlisted members as custodians of buildings in foreign countries

3023. §8185 — Nautical Schools: detail of naval officers as superintendents or instructors

3024. §8186 — Section 1 of the Act of March 3, 1899, ch. 413 , 30 Stat. 1004 , transferred officers of the Engineer Corps of the Navy to the line of the Navy; therefore, in subsection (a) the words “qualified officer” are substituted for the words “engineer officer” to preserve the meaning of the section and to include any officer possessing adequate background and training in engineering duties.

3025. §8186 — Section 8203, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 498 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(159) , 72 Stat. 1514 , prescribed authorized strength of Regular Air Force in members on active duty, exclusive of officer candidates and aviation cadets.

3026. §8186 — Section 8204, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 499 ; Aug. 6, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–600, § 1(14) , 72 Stat. 523 , prescribed authorized strength of Regular Air Force in commissioned officers on active list.

3027. §8186 — Section 8205, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 499 ; Aug. 6, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–600, § 1(15) , 72 Stat. 523 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(160) , 72 Stat. 1514 , prescribed authorized strength of Regular Air Force in commissioned officers on active list, exclusive of certain categories.

3028. §8186 — Section 8206, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 499 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title III, § 301(1) , 71 Stat. 386 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(26)(A) , 81 Stat. 382 , prescribed authorized strength of Air Force nurses in commissioned officers on active list of Regular Air Force.

3029. §8186 — Section 8207, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 499 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title III, § 301(2) , 71 Stat. 386 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(26)(B) , 81 Stat. 382 , prescribed authorized strength of Air Force medical specialists in commissioned officers on active list of Regular Air Force.

3030. §8186 — Section 8208, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 499 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(26)(C) , 81 Stat. 382 , authorized prescribed strength in female commissioned officers on active list of Regular Air Force, other than those designated under section 8067 of this title to perform professional services.

3031. §8186 — Section 8209, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 500 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(156) , 72 Stat. 1513 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(26)(D) , 81 Stat. 382 , prescribed authorized strength of Regular Air Force in commissioned officers on active list in each of categories of officers designated under section 8067 of this title .

3032. §8186 — Technical institutions: detail of naval officers to promote knowledge of naval engineering and naval architecture

3033. §8211 — Navy Regulations

3034. §8212 — Additional regulations for Marine Corps

3035. §8213 — Enlisted grades and ratings: authority to establish

3036. §8214 — Enlisted members: authority for transfer between Marine Corps and Hospital Corps of the Navy

3037. §8215 — Citizenship of officers of vessels

3038. §8216 — Aviation duties: number of personnel assigned

3039. §8217 — Aviation training facilities

3040. §8218 — Aviation designations: naval flight officer

3041. §8219 — Medical Department: composition

3042. §8220 — Dental services: responsibilities of senior dental officer

3043. §8221 — Chaplains: divine services

3044. §8222 — Indebtedness to Marine Corps Exchanges: payment from appropriated funds in certain cases

3045. §8222 — Section 8222, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 502 ; Dec. 12, 1980 , Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 504(9) , 94 Stat. 2916 , related to authorized strength of Air Force Reserve, exclusive of members on active duty. See section 12002(a) of this title .

3046. §8222 — Section 8223, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 502 , related to authorized strength of Air Force Reserve in warrant officers. See section 12008 of this title .

3047. §8222 — Section 8224, act Aug. 10, 1956. ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 502 , related to authorized strength of Air National Guard of United States. See section 12001 of this title .

3048. §8225 — Female members: congressional review period for assignment to duty on submarines or for reconfiguration of submarines

3049. §8226 — Fatality reviews

3050. §8227 — Notifications on manning of afloat naval forces

3051. §8241 — Navy ration: persons entitled to

3052. §8242 — Rations

3053. §8243 — Fixing cost on certain vessels and stations

3054. §8244 — Enlisted members assigned to mess: basic allowance for subsistence paid to mess

3055. §8245 — Flight rations

3056. §8246 — Subsistence in hospital messes: hospital ration

3057. §8247 — Sale of meals by general messes

3058. §8253 — Loans: Supply Corps officers

3059. §8253 — Section 8254, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 503 , provided for temporary enlistments in Air Force during war or emergency.

3060. §8253 — Section 8255, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 504 , provided for recruiting campaigns to obtain enlistments in Regular Air Force.

3061. §8253 — Section 8256, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 504 , set forth qualifications for and term of enlistments in Regular Air Force and grade in which such enlistments were made.

3062. §8253 — Section 8259, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 505 ; Sept. 29, 1988 , Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to transfers in grade of members of Air National Guard of United States to Air Force Reserve. See section 12105 of this title .

3063. §8253 — Section 8260, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 505 , provided that enlisted members of Air National Guard of United States are transferred to Air Force Reserve upon withdrawal as members of Air National Guard. See section 12106 of this title .

3064. §8261 — Presentation of United States flag upon retirement

3065. §8262 — Higher retired grade and pay for members who serve satisfactorily under temporary appointments

3066. §8263 — Emergency shore duty: advance of funds

3067. §8264 — Shore patrol duty: payment of expenses

3068. §8265 — Mileage books: commutation tickets

3069. §8266 — Uniforms, accouterments, and equipment: sale at cost

3070. §8267 — Uniform: sale to former members of the naval service

3071. §8270 — Pension to persons serving ten years

3072. §8271 — Settlement of accounts: remission or cancellation of indebtedness of members

3073. §8281 — Members of the naval service in other United States hospitals

3074. §8282 — Insane members of the naval service

3075. §8283 — Emergency medical treatment: reimbursement for expense

3076. §8283 — Section 8284, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 507 , provided that appointments in commissioned grades in Regular Air Force be made by President, by and with advice and consent of Senate. See section 531 of this title .

3077. §8283 — Section 8285, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 507 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title III, § 301(4) , 71 Stat. 386 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(167) , 72 Stat. 1516 , prescribed eligibility requirements for original appointment in a commissioned grade in Regular Air Force, except designation as a medical or dental officer and except a graduating cadet. See section 532 of this title .

3078. §8286 — United States Navy Band; officer in charge

3079. §8287 — Section 8287, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 508 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title III, § 301(6) , 71 Stat. 386 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(169) , 72 Stat. 1517 ; Sept. 30, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–609, § 1(28) , 80 Stat. 854 , provided service credit for a person originally appointed in a commissioned grade in Regular Air Force, other than a person appointed as a medical or dental officer, for purpose of determining grade, position on a promotion list, seniority in his grade in Regular Air Force, and eligibility for promotion, with appointment and service credit restrictions on persons who were cadets at the United States Air Force, Military, or Naval Academies but were not graduated, and a disallowance of service credit under this section for persons who graduated from one of these Academies. See section 533 of this title .

3080. §8287 — Section 8288, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 508 ; Aug. 2, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title III, § 301(7) , 71 Stat. 387 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(170) , 72 Stat. 1518 , provided for determination of grade of a person originally appointed as a commissioned officer in Regular Air Force, other than persons appointed as medical or dental officers. See section 533 of this title .

3081. §8287 — Section 8289, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 509 , provided that no person be originally appointed as a first lieutenant in Regular Air Force with a view to designation as a medical officer until he passes an examination of his professional fitness before an examining board composed of at least three medical officers designated by Secretary of Air Force. See section 532 of this title .

3082. §8287 — United States Marine Band; United States Marine Drum and Bugle Corps: composition; appointment and promotion of members

3083. §8291 — Medal of honor

3084. §8292 — Navy cross

3085. §8293 — Distinguished-service medal

3086. §8294 — Silver star medal

3087. §8295 — Distinguished flying cross

3088. §8296 — Navy and Marine Corps Medal

3089. §8297 — Additional awards

3090. §8298 — Limitations of time

3091. §8300 — Posthumous awards

3092. §8301 — Delegation of power to award

3093. §8302 — Regulations

3094. §8303 — Replacement

3095. §8304 — Availability of appropriations

3096. §8305 — Commemorative or special medals: facsimiles and ribbons

3097. §8306 — Medal of honor: duplicate medal

3098. §8307 — Medal of honor: presentation of Medal of Honor Flag

3099. §8308 — Korea Defense Service Medal

3100. §8308 — Section 8308, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 518 , related to effect of removal from recommended list by President of name of any promotion-list officer or brigadier general of Regular Air Force who in President’s opinion is not qualified for promotion or who is not confirmed by Senate. See section 629 of this title .

3101. §8308 — Section 8309, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 518 , provided that President prescribe a system of physical examination for all commissioned officers of Regular Air Force in grades below brigadier general to determine their fitness for promotion in Regular Air Force. See section 624 of this title .

3102. §8308 — Section 8312, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 519 , provided that an officer who is promoted in Regular Air Force is considered to have accepted his promotion on date of order announcing it, unless he expressly declines it, without need to take the oath of office upon promotion if his service since last taking it has been continuous. See section 626 of this title .

3103. §8308 — Section 8313, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 519 , provided that in time of war or national emergency declared by Congress or President, the President may suspend operation of any provision of law relating to promotion, mandatory retirement, or separation of commissioned officers of Regular Air Force. See section 123(a), (b) of this title.

3104. §8308 — Section 8314, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(177)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1519 , provided that promotion to a higher grade of a commissioned officer of Regular Air Force who is on a recommendation list awaiting promotion not be withheld or delayed because of original appointment of any other person to a commissioned grade in Regular Air Force and that this section does not apply to appointments as medical or dental officers or Air Force nurses or medical specialists. See section 624 of this title .

3105. §8317 — Minors enlisted upon false statement of age

3106. §8321 — Officers: 40 years

3107. §8322 — Officers: 30 years

3108. §8323 — Officers: 20 years

3109. §8323 — Section 213(b) of the Armed Forces Reserve Act of 1952 ( 66 Stat. 485 ), referred to in subsec. (f), was classified to section 933 of Title 50 , War and National Defense, and was repealed by section 53 of act Aug. 10, 1956 .

3110. §8324 — Officers: creditable service

3111. §8325 — Officers: retired grade and pay

3112. §8325 — Section 1370 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed and new sections 1370 and 1370a of this title were enacted by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title V, § 508(a)(1) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 3574 , 3580. In determining the retired grade of certain commissioned officers of the Armed Forces who retire after Jan. 1, 2021 , any reference to section 1370 of this title in such determination with respect to such officers deemed to be a reference to section 1370a of this title , see section 508(c) of Pub. L. 116–283 , set out as a note under section 1370 of this title .

3113. §8325 — Section 5721 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title V, § 503(b)(1) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 1742 .

3114. §8325 — Section 602 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 102–190, div. A, title XI, § 1113(a) , Dec. 5, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1502 .

3115. §8325 — Title III of the Officer Personnel Act of 1947 authorizes temporary promotions to the grades of lieutenant through rear admiral. The purpose of § 316(j) of that act ( 34 U.S.C. 410m ) was to insure that each officer who is temporarily promoted under that Title, and who retires before he receives a permanent appointment in the grade in which he is serving, will be considered, for the purposes of the laws relating to retired grade and pay, to be serving in the grade he holds pursuant to his temporary appointment. Since § 5001 of this title provides that an officer who holds a permanent appointment in one grade and a temporary appointment in a higher grade is considered as serving in the higher grade, a restatement of the substance of § 316(j) is unnecessary and is omitted from subsection (a). The words “retired other than by reason of physical disability incurred in line of duty”, in 34 U.S.C. 43g(d) and (f) and 34 U.S.C. 410r(g) , are omitted as unnecessary, since this section relates only to officers who are voluntarily retired under this chapter. The words “basic pay to which he would be entitled if serving on active duty in the grade in which retired” are substituted for the words “active-duty pay with longevity credit of the rank with which retired” in 34 U.S.C. 410c(a) , for the words “active-duty pay to which entitled at the time of retirement” in 34 U.S.C. 43g(d) , and for the words “active-duty pay to which she would be entitled if serving, at the time of retirement, on active duty in the rank in which placed upon the retired list” in 34 U.S.C. 43g(f) and 34 U.S.C. 410r(g) , to make clear the fact that the amount of retired pay is not permanently fixed at the time of retirement but is subject to change when rates of basic pay are changed, as provided in 34 U.S.C. 410q . The words “basic pay” are substituted for the words “active-duty pay” and the words “creditable for basic pay” are substituted for the words “for which entitled to credit in the computation of her active-duty pay”, and for the words “for which entitled to credit in the computation of their pay while on active duty” to conform to the terminology used in the Career Compensation Act of 1949 ( 37 U.S.C. 231 et seq.)

3116. §8326 — Enlisted members: 30 years

3117. §8327 — Officers and enlisted members of the Navy Reserve and Marine Corps Reserve: 30 years; 20 years; retired pay

3118. §8328 — Computation of years of service: voluntary retirement

3119. §8328 — Section 972(b) of this title excludes from computation of an officer’s years of service for purposes of this chapter any time identified with respect to that officer under that section.

3120. §8329 — Officers not to be retired for misconduct

3121. §8330 — Enlisted members: transfer to Fleet Reserve and Fleet Marine Corps Reserve; retainer pay

3122. §8331 — Members of the Fleet Reserve and Fleet Marine Corps Reserve: transfer to the retired list; retired pay

3123. §8332 — Conclusiveness of transfers

3124. §8333 — Computation of retired and retainer pay

3125. §8334 — Higher grade after 30 years of service: warrant officers and enlisted members

3126. §8335 — Restoration to former grade: warrant officers and enlisted members

3127. §8336 — Highest grade held satisfactorily: Reserve enlisted members reduced in grade not as a result of the member’s misconduct

3128. §8336 — Section 8353, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1520 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(49) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 275 ; Pub. L. 96–513, title II, § 205(b) , Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2882 ; Pub. L. 97–22, § 7 , July 10, 1981 , 95 Stat. 131 ; Pub. L. 98–94, title X, § 1007(c)(5) , Sept. 24, 1983 , 97 Stat. 662 ; Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title VII, § 714(d) , Dec. 4, 1987 , 101 Stat. 1113 ; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title V, § 509(d) , Nov. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1648 , related to service credit upon original appointment as reserve commissioned officer in Air Force. See section 12207 of this title .

3129. §8336 — Section 8354, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 520 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(B) , 72 Stat. 1520 , related to appointment of warrant officers and enlisted members of Air National Guard of United States as reserve officers.

3130. §8336 — Section 8358, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1520 , related to service credit upon original appointment as commissioned officer in grade below colonel. See section 12201 et seq. of this title.

3131. §8336 — Section 8359, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1521 ; amended Pub. L. 98–94, title X, § 1014(b) , Sept. 24, 1983 , 97 Stat. 666 ; Pub. L. 98–525, title V, § 521(b) , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2522 ; Pub. L. 99–145, title V, § 521(a) , Nov. 8, 1985 , 99 Stat. 631 ; Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title V, § 502(a) , Dec. 4, 1987 , 101 Stat. 1085 ; Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title V, § 503(a) , Nov. 29, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1437 ; Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title V, § 519(a) , Oct. 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 2408 ; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title V, § 514(a) , Nov. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1649 ; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title V, § 511(a) , Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 298 , related to determination of grade upon original appointment as reserve officer of Air Force. See section 12201 et seq. of this title.

3132. §8336 — Section 8360, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1521 ; amended Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 ; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XV, § 1501(c)(30) , Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 500 , related to service required for promotion of reserve commissioned officers. See section 14001 et seq. of this title.

3133. §8336 — Section 8361, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1522 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(50) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 275 , related to seniority for purposes of promotion of reserve commissioned officers. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

3134. §8336 — Section 8362, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1522 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(51) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 275 , related to convening of selection boards to consider reserve commissioned officers for promotion. See section 14101 et seq. of this title.

3135. §8336 — Section 8363, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1522 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(52) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 275 ; Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to requirements and procedures for promotion of officers in reserve grades. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

3136. §8336 — Section 8365, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1523 , related to promotion of second lieutenants of Air Force Reserve. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

3137. §8336 — Section 8366, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1523 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(53) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 275 ; Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(28)(A) , Nov. 8, 1967 , 81 Stat. 382 , related to promotion of first lieutenants, captains, and majors of Air Force Reserve or Air National Guard of United States. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

3138. §8336 — Section 8367, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1525 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(54) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 276 , related to selection board procedures for promotion of first lieutenants, captains, and majors of Air Force Reserve or Air National Guard of United States. See section 14001 et seq. of this title.

3139. §8336 — Section 8368, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1525 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(55) , June 30, 1960 . 74 Stat. 276 ; Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(28)(B) , Nov. 8, 1967 , 81 Stat. 382 ; Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title XII, § 1231(19)(B) , Dec. 4, 1987 , 101 Stat. 1161 , related to effect of failure of promotion of reserve officers in grades of first lieutenant, captain, and major. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

3140. §8371 — Mandatory retirement: Superintendent of the United States Naval Academy; waiver authority

3141. §8372 — Regular Navy and Regular Marine Corps; officers designated for limited duty: retirement for length of service or failures of selection for promotion; discharge for failures of selection for promotion; reversion to prior status; retired grade; retired pay

3142. §8372 — Section 1370 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was repealed and new sections 1370 and 1370a of this title were enacted by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title V, § 508(a)(1) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 3574 , 3580. In determining the retired grade of certain commissioned officers of the Armed Forces who retire after Jan. 1, 2021 , any reference to section 1370 of this title in such determination with respect to such officers deemed to be a reference to section 1370a of this title , see section 508(c) of Pub. L. 116–283 , set out as a note under section 1370 of this title .

3143. §8373 — Navy Reserve and Marine Corps Reserve; officers: elimination from active status; computation of total commissioned service

3144. §8374 — Treatment of fractions of years of service in computing retired pay and separation pay

3145. §8375 — Navy and Marine Corps; warrant officers, W–1: limitation on dismissal

3146. §8375 — Section 8375, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1528 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(59) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 277 ; Pub. L. 96–513, title V, § 514(3) , Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2935 , related to transfer or discharge of officers promoted to reserve grade of brigadier general or major general ceasing to occupy those positions. See section 14314(a), (c) of this title.

3147. §8375 — Section 8376, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1528 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(60) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 277 , related to promotion of commissioned officers of Air Force Reserve or Air National Guard of United States to higher reserve grades after temporary appointments. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

3148. §8375 — Section 8377, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1529 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(61) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 277 , related to effect of removal of reserve commissioned officer from recommended promotion list by President. See section 14301 et seq. of this title.

3149. §8375 — Section 8378, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1530 , related to promotion of reserve commissioned officers removed from active status. See section 14317(a) of this title .

3150. §8375 — Section 8380, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1530 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(62) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 277 ; Pub. L. 98–94, title X, § 1015(b)(1) , Sept. 24, 1983 , 97 Stat. 667 ; Pub. L. 99–145, title V, § 521(b) , Nov. 8, 1985 , 99 Stat. 631 ; Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title V, § 502(b)(1) , Dec. 4, 1987 , 101 Stat. 1085 ; Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title V, § 503(b)(1) , Nov. 29, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1437 ; Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title V, § 519(b) , Oct. 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 2408 ; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title V, § 514(b) , Nov. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1649 ; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title V, § 511(b) , title XV, § 1501(c)(31), Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 298 , 500, related to promotion of reserve commissioned officers on active duty and not on the active duty list. See section 14311(e) of this title .

3151. §8375 — Section 8381, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1531 ; amended Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to transfer, discharge, or withdrawal of Federal recognition of reserve officers ceasing to occupy position of adjutant general or assistant adjutant general. See section 14314(b), (c) of this title.

3152. §8383 — Retired members: grade

3153. §8383 — Section 412(a) of the Officer Personnel Act of 1947 ( 34 U.S.C. 410n ) (codified, except for the first proviso, in § 6150 of this title ), supplies a further reason why a positive statement of the rule is desirable. That section provides that an officer who has been specially commended for the performance of duty in actual combat shall, when retired, be placed on the retired list in the grade next higher than that in which serving at the time of retirement. The first proviso, codified in subsection (b) of this section, provided further that an officer advanced under § 412(a) to a flag or general officer grade could be recalled either in the advanced grade or in the grade from which advanced. The law was silent as to the grade in which other officers advanced under § 412(a) should be recalled. It was understood that they would be recalled in the advanced grade accorded them on the retired list, because there was no authority to recall them in any other grade. However, the Comptroller General raised a question as to their right to the pay of the higher grade when recalled. Although the final decision of the Comptroller General was in favor of the higher pay (30 Comp. Gen. 242, December 20, 1950 ), the fact that the question was raised indicates the confusion that results from leaving the rule to inference.

3154. §8384 — Promotion of retired members to higher enlisted grades: retention of grade upon release from active duty

3155. §8385 — Members of the Fleet Reserve and Fleet Marine Corps Reserve: authority to recall

3156. §8386 — Members of the Fleet Reserve and Fleet Marine Corps Reserve: release from active duty

3157. §8392 — Disposition of effects

3158. §8392 — Section 8392, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1531 ; amended Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to appointment of adjutant general or assistant adjutant general in reserve commissioned grade in which Federal recognition in Air National Guard was extended. See section 12215(b) of this title .

3159. §8392 — Section 8393, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(178)(C) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1531 , provided that sea or foreign service not to be required for promotion of reserve commissioned officers in reserve grades.

3160. §8392 — Section 8394, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 521 , related to acceptance of promotion by officers of Air National Guard of United States or Air Force Reserve. See section 14309 of this title .

3161. §8392 — Section 8395, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 521 , related to appointment of reserve officers in time of war. See section 14317(e) of this title .

3162. §8392 — Section 8396, added Pub. L. 96–513, title II, § 206(b) , Dec. 12, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2884 , provided that this chapter, except section 8353, did not apply to reserve officers on active-duty list.

3163. §8411 — Aviation cadets: grade; procurement; transfer

3164. §8412 — Aviation cadets: benefits

3165. §8412 — Section 6912 is amended by eliminating subsections (a) (less clause (4)) and (b) and by substituting a reference to section 301 of the Career Compensation Act of 1949 for the reference to subsection (a) in former subsection (c). The substance of former subsections (a) (less clause (4)) and (b) is covered by the Career Compensation Act, as amended by the Act of March 31, 1955 ( 69 Stat. 19 ) and section 10 of this Act.

3166. §8413 — Aviation cadets: appointment as reserve officers

3167. §8415 — Reserve student aviation pilots; reserve aviation pilots: appointments in commissioned grade

3168. §8431 — Recruit basic training: separate housing for male and female recruits

3169. §8432 — Recruit basic training: privacy

3170. §8432 — Section 8441, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 521 , provided that temporary appointments be made only in the Air Force without specification of component.

3171. §8432 — Section 8442, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 521 , provided that a regular commissioned officer, or a reserve commissioned officer who is serving on active duty, may be appointed, based upon ability and efficiency with regard being given to seniority and age, in a temporary grade that is equal to or higher than his regular or reserve grade, without vacating any other grade held by him. See section 601 of this title .

3172. §8432 — Section 8444, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 522 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(180)(A) , 72 Stat. 1532 , authorized President, in time of war or national emergency, to appoint any qualified person, including a person who is not a Regular or Reserve, in any temporary grade, provided for vacation of the appointment, and permitted, for purposes of determining grade, position on a promotion list, seniority in temporary grade, and eligibility for promotion, a medical or dental officer of the Air Force who is appointed in a temporary grade to be credited, when he enters active duty, with the constructive service authorized by section 8294(b) of this title . See section 603 of this title .

3173. §8432 — Section 8445, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 522 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(180)(B) , 72 Stat. 1532 , provided that in addition to temporary appointments authorized, in time of war or national emergency, a regular officer or a reserve warrant officer may be appointed in any temporary grade higher than his regular or reserve grade, without vacating that grade, or a person who holds no commissioned grade in Regular Air Force be appointed in any temporary commissioned grade. See section 603 of this title .

3174. §8432 — Section 8448, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 523 ; Aug. 8, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–603, § 1(4) , 72 Stat. 526 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 33(a)(39) , 72 Stat. 1566 , authorized Secretary of the Air Force, upon his determination of need, to appoint qualified persons as warrant officers, with such appointments to continue at pleasure of Secretary, and such warrant officers entitled to count all periods of active duty under appointment as warrant or enlisted service for all purposes and to benefits of all laws and regulations applicable to retirement, pensions, and disability of members of Air Force on active duty. See section 602 of this title .

3175. §8432 — Section 8449, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 523 , provided that temporary promotions in warrant officer grades be governed by such regulations as the Secretary of the Air Force prescribe. See section 602 of this title .

3176. §8451 — Location

3177. § 8451a. Superintendent

3178. §8452 — Civilian teachers: number; compensation

3179. §8453 — Midshipmen: appointment

3180. §8454 — Midshipmen: number

3181. § 8454a. Midshipmen: nomination in event of death, resignation, or expulsion from office of Member of Congress otherwise authorized to nominate

3182. §8455 — Midshipmen: allotment upon redistricting of Congressional Districts

3183. §8456 — Midshipmen: nomination and selection to fill vacancies

3184. §8458 — Midshipmen: qualifications for admission

3185. §8459 — Midshipmen: service obligation

3186. §8460 — Midshipmen: clothing and equipment; uniform allowance

3187. §8461 — Midshipmen: dismissal for best interests of the service

3188. §8462 — Midshipmen: discharge for unsatisfactory conduct or inaptitude

3189. §8463 — Midshipmen: discharge for deficiency

3190. §8464 — Hazing: definition; prohibition

3191. §8465 — Failure to report violation: dismissal

3192. §8466 — Course of study

3193. §8467 — Degree on graduation

3194. §8468 — Board of Visitors

3195. §8469 — Band: composition

3196. §8470 — Permanent professors: promotion

3197. § 8470a. Permanent professors: retirement for years of service; authority for deferral

3198. Section 1370 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), was repealed and new sections 1370 and 1370a of this title were enacted by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title V, § 508(a)(1) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 3574 , 3580. In determining the retired grade of certain commissioned officers of the Armed Forces who retire after Jan. 1, 2021 , any reference to section 1370 of this title in such determination with respect to such officers deemed to be a reference to section 1370a of this title , see section 508(c) of Pub. L. 116–283 , set out as a note under section 1370 of this title .

3199. §8471 — Midshipmen’s store, trade shops, dairy, and laundry: nonappropriated fund instrumentality and accounts

3200. §8472 — Chapel: crypt and window spaces

3201. §8473 — Gifts, bequests, and loans of property: acceptance for benefit and use of Naval Academy

3202. §8474 — United States Naval Academy Museum Fund: references to Fund

3203. §8475 — Acceptance of guarantees with gifts for major projects

3204. §8476 — Operation of Naval Academy dairy farm

3205. §8477 — Grants for faculty research for scientific, literary, and educational purposes: acceptance; authorized grantees

3206. §8478 — Mixed-funded athletic and recreational extracurricular programs: authority to manage appropriated funds in same manner as nonappropriated funds

3207. §8479 — Midshipmen: charges and fees for attendance; limitation

3208. §8480 — Policy on sexual harassment and sexual violence

3209. §8481 — Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (g)(1), is classified to section 501(c)(3) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

3210. §8481 — Section 8495, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 524 , provided that members of Air National Guard of United States were not in active Federal service except when ordered thereto under law. See section 12401 of this title .

3211. §8481 — Section 8496, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 524 , authorized President to order commissioned officers of Air National Guard of United States to active duty in National Guard Bureau. See section 12402(a), (b)(2) of this title.

3212. §8481 — Section 8497, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 525 , provided that members of Air National Guard of United States ordered to active duty were to be ordered to duty as Reserves of Air Force. See section 12403 of this title .

3213. §8481 — Section 8498, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 525 , related to organization during initial mobilization of units of Air National Guard of United States ordered into active Federal service. See section 12404 of this title .

3214. §8481 — Section 8499, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 525 , related to application of laws governing Air Force to members of Air National Guard called into Federal service. See section 12405 of this title .

3215. §8481 — Section 8500, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 525 ; Sept. 29, 1988 , Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , 102 Stat. 2059 , authorized President to call Air National Guard units and members into Federal service. See section 12406 of this title .

3216. §8481 — Section 8501, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 525 ; Sept. 29, 1988 , Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to period of service and apportionment of members and units of Air National Guard called into Federal service. See section 12407 of this title .

3217. §8481 — Section 8502, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 526 , related to physical examinations of members of Air National Guard called into or mustered out of Federal service. See section 12408 of this title .

3218. §8481 — Support of athletic and physical fitness programs

3219. §8541 — Function

3220. §8542 — President; assistants

3221. §8543 — Provost and Chief Academic Officer

3222. §8544 — Civilian teachers: number; compensation

3223. §8545 — Officers of the other armed forces; enlisted members: admission

3224. §8546 — Officers of foreign countries: admission

3225. §8547 — Students at institutions of higher education: admission

3226. §8548 — Degree granting authority for United States Naval Postgraduate School

3227. §8549 — Defense industry civilians: admission to defense product development program

3228. §8550 — Grants for faculty research for scientific, literary, and educational purposes: acceptance; authorized grantees

3229. §8550 — Section 8573, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 529 , specified date of rank of an officer whose regular grade is brigadier general and date of rank of an officer whose regular grade is major general and provided that names of general officers of Regular Air Force be carried on a seniority list in order of seniority in both regular grade and date of rank. See section 741 of this title .

3230. §8550 — Section 8574, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 530 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861 , §§ 1(184), 33(a)(24), 72 Stat. 1533 , 1565, provided for determination of rank of commissioned officers of same grade in Regular Air Force who are on same promotion list, rank of commissioned officers of same grade in Regular Air Force who are not on same promotion list or not on a promotion list, and rank among graduates of each class at United States Military, Naval, or Air Force Academies who, upon graduation, are appointed to Regular Air Force. See section 741 of this title .

3231. §8551 — Development and operation of the Naval Innovation Center at the Naval Postgraduate School

3232. §8551 — Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (e)(2)(A), is classified to section 501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

3233. §8581 — Civilian member: definition; exceptions

3234. §8581 — Section 4 of the Act of January 16, 1936, ch. 3 , 49 Stat. 1092 , provided that persons who were then members of the teaching staff should have the right to participate in benefits under the Act if they requested such participation within 60 days. Members who were then under the civil-service retirement system were required to choose whether they would remain under it or would participate in the system established by the 1936 Act. They could not come under both. The section also authorized the Secretary of the Navy to supplement the retired income of members who elected to come under the 1936 Act and whose age in 1936 was such that they could not purchase adequate annuities before retiring. The provisions whereby members could elect to participate were temporary and are executed. The provisions relating to retired income are superseded by § 4A, added by the Act of November 28, 1943, ch. 331 , 57 Stat. 594 . The only remaining effect of § 4 and the second proviso of § 4A is to exclude from the benefits and requirements of the 1936 Act persons who were members of the teaching staff in 1936 and did not elect to participate.

3235. §8582 — Deferred annuity policy required

3236. §8583 — Annuity premium to be paid by monthly installments; government reimbursement

3237. §8584 — Age of retirement

3238. §8585 — Computation of life annuity

3239. §8586 — Physical disability retirement

3240. §8587 — Election of annuity for self and beneficiary

3241. §8588 — Regulations

3242. §8591 — Degree granting authority for Naval War College

3243. §8592 — Degree granting authority for Marine Corps University

3244. §8593 — Naval War College: acceptance of grants for faculty research for scientific, literary, and educational purposes

3245. §8594 — Marine Corps University: acceptance of grants for faculty research for scientific, literary, and educational purposes

3246. §8595 — United States Naval Community College: establishment and degree granting authority

3247. §8604 — Schools near naval activities: financial aid

3248. §8605 — Promotion of health and prevention of accidents

3249. §8607 — Administration of liberated and occupied areas

3250. §8611 — Attendance at meetings of technical, professional, or scientific organizations

3251. §8612 — Employment of outside architects and engineers

3252. §8614 — Apprehension of deserters and prisoners; operation of shore patrols

3253. §8616 — Collection, preservation, and display of captured flags

3254. §8617 — National Museum of the United States Navy

3255. §8617 — Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (h)(1)(A), is classified to section 501(c)(3) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

3256. §8618 — Marine Corps Heritage Center and National Museum of the Marine Corps at Marine Corps Base, Quantico, Virginia

3257. §8619 — Leases of waterfront property from States or municipalities

3258. §8620 — Gifts for welfare of enlisted members

3259. §8621 — Acceptance and care of gifts to vessels

3260. §8622 — Naval Historical Center Fund: references to Fund

3261. §8623 — Acquisition of land for radio stations and for other purposes

3262. §8624 — Transportation on naval vessels during wartime

3263. §8625 — Navy Reserve flag

3264. §8626 — Navy Reserve yacht pennant

3265. §8627 — Foreign naval vessels and aircraft: supplies and services

3266. §8628 — Merchant vessels: supplies

3267. §8629 — Purchase of fuel

3268. §8631 — Accounting for expenditures for obtaining information

3269. §8633 — Auxiliary vessels: extended lease authority

3270. §8634 — Submarine safety programs: participation of NATO naval personnel

3271. §8635 — Establishment of the Southern Sea Otter Military Readiness Areas

3272. §8635 — Section 315 of the Bob Stump National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2003, referred to in subsec. (f)(4), is section 315 of Pub. L. 107–314 , which is set out as a note under section 703 of Title 16 , Conservation.

3273. §8661 — Classification

3274. §8662 — Naming

3275. §8663 — Number in service in time of peace

3276. §8664 — Suspension of construction in case of treaty

3277. §8667 — Changing category or type: limitations

3278. §8669 — Contracts: applicability of chapter 65 of title 41

3279. § 8669a. Construction of combatant and escort vessels and assignment of vessel projects

3280. § 8669b. Senior Technical Authority for each naval vessel class

3281. § 8669c. Assessments required prior to start of construction on first ship of a shipbuilding program

3282. §8670 — Contracts for nuclear ships: sales of naval shipyard articles and services to private shipyards

3283. §8671 — Determination of vessel delivery dates

3284. §8673 — Model Basin; investigation of hull designs

3285. §8674 — Examination of vessels; striking of vessels from Naval Vessel Register

3286. §8675 — Vessels stricken from Naval Vessel Register: sale

3287. § 8675a. Vessels stricken from Naval Vessel Register: contracts for dismantling on net-cost basis

3288. §8676 — Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), is classified to section 501(c)(3) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

3289. §8676 — Vessels stricken from Naval Vessel Register; captured vessels: conveyance by donation

3290. § 8676a. Vessels stricken from Naval Vessel Register: use for experimental purposes

3291. § 8676b. Vessels stricken from Naval Vessel Register: transfer by gift or otherwise for use as artificial reefs

3292. §8677 — Disposals to foreign nations

3293. §8678 — Chief of Naval Operations: certification required for disposal of combatant vessels

3294. § 8678a. Limitation on decommissioning or inactivating a battle force ship before the end of expected service life

3295. §8679 — Construction of vessels in foreign shipyards: prohibition

3296. § 8679a. Contracting with shipyards controlled by a foreign adversary country: prohibition

3297. §8680 — Overhaul, repair, etc. of vessels in foreign shipyards: restrictions

3298. §8681 — Repair or maintenance of naval vessels: handling of hazardous waste

3299. §8682 — Section 6101 of title 41 does not apply to sales of service craft and boats described in subsection (a).

3300. §8682 — Service craft stricken from Naval Vessel Register; obsolete boats: use of proceeds from exchange or sale

3301. §8683 — Ship overhaul work: availability of appropriations for unusual cost overruns and for changes in scope of work

3302. §8684 — Overhaul of naval vessels: competition between public and private shipyards

3303. §8685 — Preservation of Navy shipbuilding capability

3304. §8686 — Support for transfers of decommissioned vessels and shipboard equipment

3305. §8687 — Status of Government rights in the designs of vessels, boats, and craft, and components thereof

3306. §8688 — Warranty requirements for shipbuilding contracts

3307. §8689 — Requirements for availability of funds relating to advanced naval nuclear fuel systems based on low-enriched uranium

3308. §8690 — Limitation on length of overseas forward deployment of naval vessels

3309. §8691 — Nuclear-powered aircraft carriers: dismantlement and disposal

3310. §8692 — Ford-class aircraft carriers: cost limitation baselines

3311. §8693 — Biennial report on shipbuilder training and the defense industrial base

3312. §8694 — Annual report on ship maintenance

3313. §8695 — Navy battle force ship assessment and requirement reporting

3314. §8696 — Navy shipbuilding workforce development special incentive

3315. §8697 — Battle force ship employment, maintenance, and manning baseline plans

3316. §8701 — Authority to provide for necessary salvage facilities

3317. §8702 — Acquisition and transfer of vessels and equipment

3318. §8703 — Settlement of claims

3319. §8704 — Disposition of receipts

3320. §8715 — Naval Observatory: administration

3321. §8716 — Naval Observatory: exchange of information with foreign offices

3322. §8720 — Definitions

3323. §8721 — Jurisdiction and control

3324. §8721 — Section 194 of title 30 , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 644 .

3325. §8721 — Section 204 of title 30 , included within the reference to sections 202–209 in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 94–377, § 13(a) , Aug. 4, 1976 , 90 Stat. 1090 , subject to valid existing rights.

3326. §8721 — Section 227 of title 30 , referred to in subsec. (b), was omitted from the Code.

3327. §8722 — Administration

3328. §8722 — Section 8722, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 539 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(190)(B) , (C), 72 Stat. 1534 , related to hospital and related benefits for members of a Citizens’ Air Training Camp and for members of Air Force not covered by former section 8721 of this title , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title VI, § 604(f)(1)(A) , Nov. 14, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3877 .

3329. §8723 — Periodic re-examination of production requirements

3330. §8724 — Protection of oil reserves; contracts for conservation

3331. §8725 — Acquisition by condemnation and purchase

3332. §8727 — Cooperative or unit plans in the naval petroleum reserves

3333. §8728 — Agreements and leases: provision for change

3334. §8729 — Re-lease of certain lands: lessee’s preferential right

3335. §8730 — Disposition of products

3336. §8731 — Requirements as to consultation and approval

3337. §8732 — Authorizations of appropriations

3338. §8733 — Disposition of royalties

3339. §8735 — Foreign interest

3340. §8735 — Section 194 of title 30 , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 644 .

3341. §8735 — Section 204 of title 30 , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 94–377, § 13(a) , Aug. 4, 1976 , 90 Stat. 1090 , subject to valid existing rights.

3342. §8735 — Section 227 of title 30 , referred to in subsec. (a), was omitted from the Code.

3343. §8736 — Regulations

3344. §8737 — Violations by lessee

3345. §8738 — Rifle, Colorado, plant; possession, use, and transfer of

3346. §8739 — Certain oil shale reserves: transfer of jurisdiction and petroleum exploration, development, and production

3347. §8742 — Physical examination: employees engaged in hazardous occupations

3348. §8743 — Employment of aliens

3349. §8746 — Administration of oaths by clerks and employees

3350. §8747 — Transportation of dependents and household effects of civilian personnel stationed outside the United States: payment in lieu of transportation

3351. §8748 — Naval War College and Marine Corps University: civilian faculty members

3352. §8749 — Civil service mariners of Military Sealift Command: release of drug and alcohol test results to Coast Guard

3353. §8749 — Section 503(e) of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1987, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 503(e) of Pub. L. 100–71 which is set out as a note under section 7301 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

3354. § 8749a. Civil service mariners of Military Sealift Command: alcohol testing

3355. §8750 — Special agents of the Naval Criminal Investigative Service: authority to execute warrants and make arrests

3356. §8751 — Notification of Navy procurement production disruptions

3357. §8752 — Contracts for research

3358. §8753 — Tolls and fares: payment or reimbursement

3359. §8754 — Marine mammals: use for national defense purposes

3360. §8755 — Disclosures for offerors for certain shipbuilding major defense acquisition program contracts

3361. §8761 — Obsolete and other material: gift or sale to Boy Scouts of America, Naval Sea Cadet Corps and Young Marines of the Marine Corps League

3362. § 8761a. Uniform clothing: sale to Naval Sea Cadet Corps

3363. § 8761b. Authority to make grants for purposes of Naval Sea Cadet Corps

3364. §8762 — Excess clothing: sale for distribution to needy

3365. §8763 — Useless ordnance material: disposition of proceeds on sale

3366. §8764 — Devices and trophies: transfer to other agencies

3367. §8765 — Obsolete material and articles of historical interest: loan or gift

3368. §8766 — Loan or gift of articles to ships’ sponsors and donors

3369. §8767 — Equipment for instruction in seamanship: loan to military schools

3370. §8771 — Quarters or other accommodations: to whom furnished

3371. §8772 — Quarters: accommodations in place for members on sea duty or assigned to duty in connection with commissioning or fitting out of a ship

3372. §8773 — Quarters: temporary; transient members

3373. §8776 — Quarters: extension telephones

3374. §8777 — Quarters: Nurse Corps officers; assignment in hospitals

3375. §8779 — Officers’ messes and quarters: limitations on employment of enlisted members

3376. §8780 — Heat and light for Young Men’s Christian Association buildings

3377. §8781 — Marine Corps post laundries: disposition of receipts

3378. §8782 — Naval and Marine Corps Historical Centers: fee for providing historical information to the public

3379. §8782 — Section 8782, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 543 ; July 12, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–616, § 7(a) , 74 Stat. 391 , provided for boards of inquiry, composed of three or more officers, to be convened at such places as Secretary of Air Force prescribes, to receive evidence and make findings and recommendations whether an officer, required to show cause under section 8781 of this title , should be retained on active list of Regular Air Force. See section 1182 of this title .

3380. §8782 — Section 8783, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 543 ; July 12, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–616, § 7(a) , 74 Stat. 391 , provided for boards of review, composed of three or more officers, to be convened by Secretary of Air Force, at such places as he prescribes, to review records of cases of officers recommended by boards of inquiry for removal from active list of Regular Air Force.

3381. §8782 — Section 8784, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 543 ; July 12, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–616, § 7(a) , 74 Stat. 392 , authorized Secretary of Air Force to remove an officer from active list of Regular Air Force if his removal is recommended by a board of review and provided that decision of Secretary in such case is final and conclusive. See section 1184 of this title .

3382. §8782 — Section 8785, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 543 ; July 12, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–616, § 7(a) , 74 Stat. 392 , provided that each officer under consideration for removal from active list of Regular Air Force under this chapter, be given written notification, at least 30 days prior to a board of inquiry hearing, that he is being required to show cause for retention on active list, be allowed reasonable time to prepare a defense, be allowed to appear in person and by counsel at proceedings before a board of inquiry, and be allowed full access to, and furnished copies of, records relevant to his case at all stages of the proceeding. See section 1185 of this title .

3383. §8782 — Section 8786, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 544 ; July 12, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–616, § 7(a) , 74 Stat. 392 , authorized Secretary of Air Force, at any time during proceedings under this chapter and before removal of an officer from active list of Regular Air Force, to grant that officer’s request for voluntary retirement, if he is otherwise qualified therefor, or for honorable discharge with severance benefits. See section 1186 of this title .

3384. §8782 — Section 8787, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 7(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 392 , provided that no officer serve on a board under this chapter unless he holds a regular or temporary grade above lieutenant colonel, and is senior in regular grade to, and outranks, any officer considered by that board and that no person be a member of more than one board convened under this chapter for same officer. See section 1187 of this title .

3385. §8782 — Section 8791, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 8(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 393 , authorized Secretary of Air Force to convene at any time a board of general officers to review record of any commissioned officer on active list of Regular Air Force to determine whether he should be required, because of moral dereliction, professional dereliction, or because his retention is not clearly consistent with the interests of national security, to show cause for his retention on active list. See section 1181(b) of this title .

3386. §8782 — Section 8792, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 8(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 393 , provided for boards of inquiry, composed of three or more general officers, to be convened at such places as Secretary of Air Force prescribes, to receive evidence and make findings and recommendations whether an officer, required to show cause under section 8791 of this title , should be retained on active list of the Regular Air Force. See section 1182 of this title .

3387. §8782 — Section 8793, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 8(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 393 , provided for boards of review, composed of three or more general officers, to be convened by Secretary of Air Force, at such places as he prescribes, to review the records of cases of officers recommended by boards of inquiry for removal from active list of Regular Air Force.

3388. §8782 — Section 8794, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 8(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 394 , authorized Secretary of Air Force to remove an officer from active list of Regular Air Force if his removal is recommended by a board of review and provided that decision of Secretary in such a case is final and conclusive. See section 1184 of this title .

3389. §8782 — Section 8795, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 8(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 394 , provided that each officer under consideration for removal from active list of Regular Air Force under this chapter be given written notification, at least 30 days prior to a board of inquiry hearing, that he is being required to show cause for retention on active list, be allowed reasonable time to prepare a defense, be allowed to appear in person and by counsel at proceedings before the board of inquiry, and be allowed full access to, and furnished copies of, records relevant to his case at all stages of the proceedings, except records that the Secretary determines be withheld in interests of national security, in which case, a summary, to the extent national security permits, be furnished. See section 1185 of this title .

3390. §8782 — Section 8796, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 8(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 394 , authorized Secretary of Air Force, at any time during proceedings under this chapter and before removal of an officer from active list of Regular Air Force, to grant that officer’s request for voluntary retirement, if he is otherwise qualified therefor, or for honorable discharge with severance benefits. See section 1186 of this title .

3391. §8782 — Section 8797, added Pub. L. 86–616, § 8(a) , July 12, 1960 , 74 Stat. 394 , provided that no officer serve on a board under this chapter unless he holds a regular or temporary grade above lieutenant colonel, and is senior in regular grade to, and outranks, any officer considered by that board and that no person be a member of more than one board convened under this chapter for the same officer. See section 1187 of this title .

3392. §8801 — Sales: members of the naval service and Coast Guard; widows and widowers; civilian employees and other persons

3393. §8802 — Sales: members of Army, Air Force, and Space Force; prices

3394. §8803 — Sales: veterans under treatment

3395. §8804 — Ships’ stores: sale of goods and services

3396. §8805 — Acceptance of Government checks outside the United States

3397. §8806 — Section 8811, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 544 , provided for discharge of enlisted members of Air Force and limitations thereon, and for issuance of discharge certificates. See section 1169 of this title .

3398. §8806 — Section 8812, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 544 , provided for discharge of members of Air Force enlisted during war or emergency. See section 1172 of this title .

3399. §8806 — Section 8813, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 544 , provided for dependency discharges for enlisted members of Air Force.

3400. §8806 — Section 8815, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 545 , provided for resignation of regular enlisted members of Air Force enlisted on a career basis and limitations thereon.

3401. §8806 — Section 8816, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 545 , provided for minority discharges for regular enlisted members of Air Force. See section 1170 of this title .

3402. §8806 — Section 8819, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(191)(A) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1534 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(65) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 278 ; Pub. L. 98–525, title V, § 528(d) , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2526 ; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XV, § 1501(c)(32) , (33), Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 500 , related to discharge of officers of Air Force Reserve or Air National Guard of United States for failure of promotion to first lieutenant. See section 14503 of this title .

3403. §8806 — Section 8820, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 546 , related to discharge and withdrawal of Federal recognition of officers of Air National Guard of United States absent without leave. See section 14907 of this title .

3404. §8806 — Subsistence and other supplies: members of armed forces; veterans; executive or military departments and employees; prices

3405. §8821 — Definitions

3406. §8822 — Admiralty claims against the United States

3407. §8823 — Admiralty claims by the United States

3408. §8823 — Section 8843, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(192) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1535 ; amended Pub. L. 86–599, § 1(67) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 278 , related to transfer or discharge of reserve commissioned officers 60 years of age and below grade of major general. See section 14510 of this title .

3409. §8823 — Section 8844, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(192) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1535 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(68) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 279 , related to transfer or discharge of certain reserve major generals who are 62 years of age. See section 14511 of this title .

3410. §8823 — Section 8845, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(192) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1535 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 1(69) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 279 ; Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title XII, § 1234(a)(1) , Sept. 29, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2059 , related to transfer or discharge of certain reserve officers of Air Force who are 64 years of age. See section 14512(a) of this title .

3411. §8823 — Section 8846, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(192) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1536 ; amended Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XV, § 1501(c)(32) , Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 500 , related to transfer or discharge of deferred officers.

3412. §8851 — Scope of chapter

3413. §8852 — Jurisdiction

3414. §8853 — Court in which proceedings brought

3415. §8854 — Effect of failure to start proceedings

3416. §8855 — Appointment of prize commissioners and special prize commissioners

3417. §8856 — Duties of United States attorney

3418. §8857 — Duties of commanding officer of capturing vessel

3419. §8858 — Duties of prize master

3420. §8859 — Libel and proceedings by United States attorney

3421. §8860 — Duties of prize commissioners

3422. §8861 — Interrogation of witnesses by prize commissioners

3423. §8862 — Duties of marshal

3424. §8863 — Prize property appropriated for the use of the United States

3425. §8864 — Delivery of property on stipulation

3426. §8865 — Sale of prize

3427. §8866 — Mode of making sale

3428. §8867 — Transfer of prize property to another district for sale

3429. §8868 — Disposition of prize money

3430. §8869 — Security for costs

3431. §8870 — Costs and expenses a charge on prize property

3432. §8871 — Payment of costs and expenses from prize fund

3433. §8872 — Recaptures: award of salvage, costs, and expenses

3434. §8873 — Allowance of expenses to marshals

3435. §8874 — Payment of witness fees

3436. §8875 — Commissions of auctioneers

3437. §8876 — Compensation of prize commissioners and special prize commissioners

3438. §8877 — Accounts of clerks of district courts

3439. §8878 — Interfering with delivery, custody, or sale of prize property

3440. §8879 — Powers of district court over prize property notwithstanding appeal

3441. §8880 — Appeals and amendments in prize causes

3442. §8881 — Reciprocal privileges to cobelligerent

3443. §8881 — Section 8881, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 546 , authorized Secretary of Air Force to retire Air Force nurses and woman medical specialists whose regular grade is below major.

3444. §8881 — Section 8882, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 546 , authorized Secretary of Air Force to retire Air Force nurses or woman medical specialists whose regular grade is above captain.

3445. §8881 — Section 8883, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 546 ; Aug. 6, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–600, § 1(17) , 72 Stat. 523 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat. 1115 , provided that, unless retired or separated at an earlier date, each commissioned officer whose regular grade is below major general, other than a professor or the registrar of the United States Air Force Academy, be retired when he becomes 60 years of age, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 . See section 1251 of this title .

3446. §8881 — Section 8884, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 547 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat 1115, provided that, unless retired or separated at an earlier date, each commissioned officer whose regular grade is major general, and whose retirement under section 8923 of this title has been deferred under cl. (1) of that section, be retired when be becomes 60 years of age, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 . See section 1251 of this title .

3447. §8881 — Section 8885, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 547 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 33(a)(42) , 72 Stat. 1567 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat. 1115 , provided that, unless retired or separated at an earlier date or unless retained under section 8923(2) of this title , each commissioned officer whose regular grade is major general be retired when he becomes 62 years of age, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 . See section 1251 of this title .

3448. §8881 — Section 8886, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 547 ; Aug. 6, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–600, § 1(18) , 72 Stat. 523 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat. 1115 , provided that, unless retired or separated at an earlier date, each commissioned officer whose regular grade is major general, and whose retirement under section 8923 of this title has been deferred under cl. (2) of that section, and each permanent professor and the registrar of the United States Air Force Academy, be retired when he becomes 64 years of age, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 . See section 1251 of this title .

3449. §8881 — Section 8888, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 547 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title III, § 301(16) , 71 Stat. 388 ; May 20, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–422, § 11(a)(7) , 72 Stat. 131 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(194) , 72 Stat. 1538 ; Sept. 30, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–609, § 1(30) , 80 Stat. 854 , related to computation of years of service for determining retired pay of a commissioned officer of Regular Air Force retired under former section 8883, 8884, 8885, or 8886 of this title. See section 1405 of this title .

3450. §8881 — Section 8889, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 548 , provided that a member of Air Force retired under this chapter be entitled to retired pay computed under former chapter 871 of this title.

3451. §8891 — Scope of chapter

3452. §8892 — Stay of suit

3453. §8893 — Stay of proceedings for preserving evidence after stay of suit

3454. §8894 — Stay of proceedings for taking evidence before suit is filed

3455. §8895 — Stay extended or shortened

3456. §8896 — Reconsideration of stay

3457. §8897 — Duration of stay

3458. §8898 — Restricted certificate

3459. §8899 — Investigation before issue of certificate

3460. §8900 — Evidence admissible when witness is not available

3461. §8901 — Composition

3462. §8902 — Appointment and enlistment in reserve components

3463. §8903 — Release from Militia duty upon order to active duty in reserve components

3464. §8904 — Availability of material for Naval Militia

3465. §8911 — Custody of departmental records and property

3466. §8912 — Accounts of paymasters of lost or captured naval vessels

3467. §8913 — Disposal of public stores by order of commanding officer

3468. §8913 — Section 8915, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 550 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title III, § 301(18) , 71 Stat. 389 ; Sept. 30, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–609, § 1(31) , 80 Stat. 854 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat. 1115 ; Nov. 8, 1967 , Pub. L. 90–130, § 1(32)(A) , 89 Stat. 382 , authorized the Secretary of the Air Force to defer the retirement of any Air Force nurse or medical specialist in the regular grade of major until the 30th day after the officer completes 28 years of service. See section 632 of this title .

3469. §8913 — Section 8916, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 550 ; Aug. 21, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–155, title III, § 301(19) , 71 Stat. 389 , provided for retirement of a promotion-list lieutenant colonel, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 , on the 30th day after he completes 28 years of service, with authority for the Secretary of the Air Force to defer retirement in certain cases. See section 633 of this title .

3470. §8921 — Section 8922, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 551 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat. 1115 , provided for retirement of a regular grade brigadier general, other than a professor of the United States Air Force Academy, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 , on 30th day after he completes 30 years of service or 5th anniversary of date of his appointment in that regular grade, whichever is later, with authority for Secretary of Air Force to defer retirement in certain cases. See section 635 of this title .

3471. §8921 — Section 8923, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 552 ; Nov. 2, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–718, § 3 , 80 Stat 1115, provided for retirement of a regular grade major general, except as provided by section 8301 of title 5 , on 30th day after he completes 35 years of service or 5th anniversary of his appointment in that regular grade, whichever is later, with authority for Secretary of Air Force to defer retirement in certain cases. See section 636 of this title .

3472. §8921 — Unauthorized use of Marine Corps insignia

3473. §8931 — National Oceanographic Partnership Program

3474. §8932 — Ocean Policy Committee

3475. §8933 — Ocean Research Advisory Panel

3476. §8933 — Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (e), is section 14 of Pub. L. 92–463 , which was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and was repealed and restated as section 1013 of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286 , §§ 3(a), 7, Dec. 27, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4204 , 4361.

3477. §8942 — Rifles and ammunition for target practice: educational institutions having corps of midshipmen

3478. §8943 — Supplies: military instruction camps

3479. §8951 — Safety and effectiveness information; hydrographic information

3480. §9011 — Organization

3481. §9012 — Department of the Air Force: seal

3482. §9013 — Secretary of the Air Force

3483. §9014 — Office of the Secretary of the Air Force

3484. §9015 — Under Secretary of the Air Force

3485. §9016 — Assistant Secretaries of the Air Force

3486. §9016 — Chapter 144 of this title, referred to in subsec. (b)(6)(B)(iii), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 .

3487. §9016 — Section 956(b)(3) of the United States Space Force Act and section 957 of that Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(6)(B)(v), (vi), are sections 956(b)(3) and 957, respectively, of subtitle D of title IX of div. A of Pub. L. 116–92 , which are set out as notes under this section.

3488. §9017 — Secretary of the Air Force: successors to duties

3489. §9017 — Section 3347 of title 5 , referred to in text, was repealed and a new section 3347 was enacted by Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title I, § 151(b) , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–611 , and, as so enacted, no longer contains provisions authorizing the President to direct temporary successors to duties. See section 3345 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

3490. §9018 — Administrative Assistant

3491. §9019 — General Counsel

3492. §9020 — Inspector General

3493. §9021 — Space Acquisition Council

3494. § 9021a. Air Force Reserve Forces Policy Committee

3495. §9022 — Financial management

3496. §9023 — Chief of Legislative Liaison

3497. § 9023a. Legislative Liaison of the Space Force

3498. §9024 — Director of Small Business Programs

3499. §9025 — Office of Expanded Competition

3500. §9031 — The Air Staff: function; composition

3501. §9032 — The Air Staff: general duties

3502. §9033 — Chief of Staff

3503. §9033 — Section 664(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), was redesignated as section 664(d) of this title by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title V, § 510(g)(1) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2111 .

3504. §9034 — Vice Chief of Staff

3505. §9035 — Deputy Chiefs of Staff and Assistant Chiefs of Staff

3506. §9036 — Surgeon General: appointment; duties

3507. §9037 — Judge Advocate General, Deputy Judge Advocate General: appointment; duties

3508. §9038 — Office of Air Force Reserve: appointment of Chief

3509. §9039 — Chief of Chaplains: appointment; duties

3510. §9040 — Oversight of nuclear deterrence mission

3511. §9061 — Regulations

3512. §9062 — Policy; composition; aircraft authorization

3513. §9062 — Section 141(c)(3) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013, referred to in subsec. (g)(1), is section 141(c)(3) of Pub. L. 112–239 , div. A, title I, Jan. 2, 2013 , 126 Stat. 1661 , which is not classified to the Code.

3514. §9062 — Section 144(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018, referred to in subsec. (j)(2)(A), is section 144(b) of Pub. L. 115–91 , div. A, title I, Dec. 12, 2017 , 131 Stat. 1321 , which is not classified to the Code.

3515. § 9062a. Annual report on Air Force tactical fighter aircraft force structure. 1 1 So in original. The period probably should not appear.

3516. §9063 — Designation: officers to perform certain professional functions

3517. §9064 — Air Force nurses: Chief; appointment

3518. §9065 — Commands: territorial organization

3519. §9066 — Regular Air Force: composition

3520. §9067 — Assistant Surgeon General for Dental Services

3521. §9081 — Section 1. Introduction . Space is integral to our way of life, our national security, and modern warfare. Although United States space systems have historically maintained a technological advantage over those of our potential adversaries, those potential adversaries are now advancing their space capabilities and actively developing ways to deny our use of space in a crisis or conflict. It is imperative that the United States adapt its national security organizations, policies, doctrine, and capabilities to deter aggression and protect our interests. Toward that end, the Department of Defense shall take actions under existing authority to marshal its space resources to deter and counter threats in space, and to develop a legislative proposal to establish a United States Space Force as a sixth branch of the United States Armed Forces within the Department of the Air Force. This is an important step toward a future military department for space. Under this proposal, the United States Space Force would be authorized to organize, train, and equip military space forces of the United States to ensure unfettered access to, and freedom to operate in, space, and to provide vital capabilities to joint and coalition forces in peacetime and across the spectrum of conflict.

3522. §9081 — The United States Space Force

3523. §9082 — Chief of Space Operations

3524. §9083 — Vice Chief of Space Operations

3525. §9084 — Office of the Chief of Space Operations: function; composition

3526. §9085 — Office of the Chief of Space Operations: general duties

3527. §9086 — Regular Space Force: composition

3528. §9087 — Section 1645 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 1645 of Pub. L. 116–283 , div. A, title XVI, Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4064 . Subsec. (g) of section 1645 amended provisions formerly set out as a note under section 2431 of this title . Subsecs. (a) to (f) of section 1645 are not classified to the Code.

3529. §9087 — Space Development Agency

3530. §9110 — Regular Air Force: strength in grade; general officers

3531. §9131 — Definition

3532. §9132 — Regular Air Force and Space Force: gender-free basis for acceptance of original enlistments

3533. §9137 — Regular Air Force: aviation cadets; qualifications, grade, limitations

3534. §9138 — Regular Air Force and Space Force: reenlistment after service as an officer

3535. §9151 — Commissioned officer grades

3536. §9176 — Retention on active duty

3537. §9191 — Non-regular officers: status

3538. §9203 — Retired commissioned officers: status

3539. §9217 — Duties: chaplains; assistance required of commanding officers

3540. §9218 — Duties: warrant officers; limitations

3541. §9222 — Rank: commissioned officers serving under temporary appointments

3542. §9225 — Rank: warrant officers

3543. §9229 — Command: commissioned officers in certain designated categories

3544. §9231 — Command: chaplains

3545. §9233 — Requirement of exemplary conduct

3546. §9239 — Enlisted members: officers not to use as servants

3547. §9251 — Presentation of United States flag upon retirement

3548. §9252 — Service credit: regular enlisted members; service as an officer to be counted as enlisted service

3549. §9253 — Flying officer rating: qualifications

3550. §9254 — Authority to designate certain separated members of the Air Force as honorary separated members of the Space Force

3551. §9263 — When Secretary may require

3552. §9271 — Medal of honor: award

3553. §9272 — Air Force cross: award

3554. §9273 — Distinguished-service medal: award

3555. §9274 — Medal of honor; Air Force cross; distinguished-service medal: limitations on award

3556. §9275 — Medal of honor; Air Force cross; distinguished-service medal: delegation of power to award

3557. §9276 — Silver star: award

3558. §9277 — Medal of honor; Air Force cross; distinguished-service cross; distinguished-service medal; silver star: replacement

3559. §9278 — Medal of honor; Air Force cross; distinguished-service cross; distinguished-service medal; silver star: availability of appropriations

3560. §9279 — Distinguished flying cross: award; limitations

3561. §9280 — Airman’s Medal: award; limitations

3562. §9281 — Service medals: issue; replacement; availability of appropriations

3563. §9282 — Medals: posthumous award and presentation

3564. §9284 — Medal of honor: duplicate medal

3565. §9285 — Medal of honor: presentation of Medal of Honor Flag

3566. §9286 — Korea Defense Service Medal

3567. §9307 — Aviation cadets: discharge

3568. §9311 — Twenty years or more: regular or reserve commissioned officers

3569. §9314 — Twenty to thirty years: enlisted members

3570. §9317 — Thirty years or more: regular enlisted members

3571. §9318 — Thirty years or more: regular commissioned officers

3572. §9320 — More than thirty years: permanent professors and the Director of Admissions of the United States Air Force Academy

3573. §9321 — Mandatory retirement: Superintendent of the United States Air Force Academy; waiver authority

3574. §9324 — Forty years or more: Air Force officers and Space Force officers

3575. §9325 — Computation of years of service: voluntary retirement; enlisted members

3576. §9326 — Computation of years of service: voluntary retirement; regular and reserve commissioned officers

3577. §9326 — Section 972(b) of this title excludes from computation of an officer’s years of service for purposes of this section any time identified with respect to that officer under that section.

3578. §9329 — Computation of retired pay: law applicable

3579. §9341 — General rule

3580. §9342 — Higher grade for service in special positions

3581. §9343 — Highest grade held satisfactorily: Reserve enlisted members reduced in grade not as a result of the member’s misconduct

3582. §9344 — Higher grade after 30 years of service: warrant officers and enlisted members

3583. §9345 — Restoration to former grade: retired warrant officers and enlisted members

3584. §9346 — Retired lists

3585. §9361 — Computation of retired pay

3586. §9362 — Recomputation of retired pay to reflect advancement on retired list

3587. §9371 — Air University and Space Delta 13: civilian faculty members

3588. §9375 — Production of supplies and munitions: hours and pay of laborers and mechanics

3589. §9377 — Civilian special agents of the Office of Special Investigations: authority to execute warrants and make arrests

3590. §9381 — Fatality reviews

3591. §9381 — Section 9381, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 568 , defined “advanced training”.

3592. §9381 — Section 9381, added Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title XI, § 1178(b) , Nov. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1769 , established the Aviation Leadership Program. See section 348 of this title .

3593. §9381 — Section 9382, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 568 ; Sept. 2, 1958 , Pub. L. 85–861, § 33(a)(44) , 72 Stat. 1567 , related to establishment and composition of Air Force Reserve Officers’ Training Corps.

3594. §9381 — Section 9382, added Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title XI, § 1178(b) , Nov. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1769 , related to the Secretary of the Air Force providing to a person receiving training transportation, supplies, equipment, clothing, billeting, food, and health services.

3595. §9381 — Section 9383, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 569 , related to admission and training of medical, dental, pharmacy and veterinary students.

3596. §9381 — Section 9383, added Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title XI, § 1178(b) , Nov. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1769 , related to the Secretary of the Air Force paying a living allowance to a person receiving training.

3597. §9381 — Section 9384, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 569 ; Pub. L. 85–861, § 1(202) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1541 , set out courses of training.

3598. §9381 — Section 9385, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 569 , authorized operation and maintenance of training camps.

3599. §9381 — Section 9386, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 570 , provided for supplies and uniforms.

3600. §9381 — Section 9387, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 570 , provided for advanced training and compensation therefor.

3601. §9401 — Members of Air Force and Space Force: detail as students, observers, and investigators at educational institutions, industrial plants, and hospitals

3602. §9402 — Enlisted members of Air Force or Space Force: schools

3603. §9403 — Aviation cadets and aviation students: schools

3604. §9404 — Aviation students: detail of enlisted members of Air Force

3605. §9405 — Civilian flying school instructors: instruction at Air Force training commands

3606. §9406 — Service schools: leaves of absence for instructors

3607. §9413 — United States Air Force Institute of Technology: establishment

3608. §9414 — Degree granting authority for United States Air Force Institute of Technology

3609. § 9414a. United States Air Force Institute of Technology: admission of certain private sector civilians

3610. § 9414b. United States Air Force Institute of Technology: administration

3611. §9415 — Community College of the Air Force: associate degrees

3612. §9417 — Degree granting authority for Air University

3613. §9419 — Recruit basic training: separate housing for male and female recruits

3614. §9420 — Recruit basic training: privacy

3615. §9431 — Establishment; Superintendent; faculty

3616. §9432 — Departments and professors: titles

3617. §9433 — Superintendent; faculty: appointment and detail

3618. § 9433a. Superintendent: condition for detail to position

3619. §9434 — Command and supervision

3620. §9435 — Dean of the Faculty

3621. §9436 — Permanent professors; director of admissions

3622. §9438 — Civilian faculty: number; compensation

3623. §9441 — Faculty and other officers: leaves of absence

3624. § 9441a. Cadets: appointment by the President

3625. §9442 — Cadets: appointment; numbers, territorial distribution

3626. § 9442a. Cadets: nomination in event of death, resignation, or expulsion from office of Member of Congress otherwise authorized to nominate

3627. §9443 — Cadets: appointment; to bring to full strength

3628. §9446 — Cadets: requirements for admission

3629. §9447 — Cadets; nominees: effect of redistricting of States

3630. §9448 — Cadets: service obligation

3631. §9449 — Cadets: organization; service; instruction

3632. §9450 — Cadets: clothing and equipment

3633. §9451 — Cadets: deficiencies in conduct or studies; effect of failure on successor

3634. §9452 — Cadets: hazing

3635. §9453 — Cadets: degree and commission on graduation

3636. §9454 — Buildings and grounds: buildings for religious worship

3637. §9455 — Board of Visitors

3638. §9456 — Acceptance of guarantees with gifts for major projects

3639. §9457 — Grants for faculty research for scientific, literary, and educational purposes: acceptance; authorized grantees

3640. §9459 — Mixed-funded athletic and recreational extracurricular programs: authority to manage appropriated funds in same manner as nonappropriated funds

3641. §9460 — Cadets: charges and fees for attendance; limitation

3642. §9461 — Policy on sexual harassment and sexual violence

3643. §9462 — Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is classified to section 501(c)(3) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

3644. §9462 — Support of athletic programs

3645. §9481 — Establishment: purpose

3646. §9482 — Operation

3647. §9483 — Transportation and subsistence during travel

3648. §9484 — Quartermaster and ordnance property: sales

3649. §9487 — Air War College: acceptance of grants for faculty research for scientific, literary, and educational purposes

3650. §9491 — Status as federally chartered corporation; purposes

3651. §9492 — Status as volunteer civilian auxiliary of the Air Force

3652. §9493 — Activities performed as federally chartered nonprofit corporation

3653. §9494 — Activities performed as auxiliary of the Air Force

3654. §9495 — Funds appropriated for the Civil Air Patrol

3655. §9496 — Miscellaneous personnel authorities

3656. §9497 — Board of Governors

3657. §9498 — Regulations

3658. §9511 — Definitions

3659. §9512 — Civil Reserve Air Fleet contracts: payment rate

3660. §9513 — Chapter 137 of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1881(a) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4293 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 . For definition of “chapter 137 legacy provisions”, see section 3016 of this title .

3661. §9513 — Contracts for the inclusion or incorporation of defense features

3662. §9514 — Indemnification of Department of Transportation for losses covered by defense-related aviation insurance

3663. §9515 — Charter air transportation services: minimum annual purchase amount for carriers participating in Civil Reserve Air Fleet

3664. §9515 — Section 356 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 356 of Pub. L. 110–181 , div. A, title III, Jan. 28, 2008 , 122 Stat. 74 , which is not classified to the Code.

3665. §9516 — Airlift service

3666. §9517 — Level of readiness of Civil Reserve Air Fleet carriers

3667. §9531 — Commercial Augmentation Space Reserve. 1 1 So in original. The period probably should not appear.

3668. §9532 — Factories, arsenals, and depots: manufacture at

3669. §9536 — Equipment: bakeries, schools, kitchens, and mess halls

3670. §9540 — Architectural and engineering services

3671. §9561 — Rations

3672. §9562 — Clothing

3673. §9563 — Clothing: replacement when destroyed to prevent contagion

3674. §9564 — Navy and Marine Corps: camp equipment and transportation; when on shore duty with Air Force

3675. §9565 — Colors, standards, and guidons of demobilized organizations: disposition

3676. §9591 — Utilities: proceeds from overseas operations

3677. §9592 — Radiograms and telegrams: forwarding charges due connecting commercial facilities

3678. §9593 — Quarters: heat and light

3679. §9594 — Department of the Air Force Military History Institute: fee for providing historical information to the public

3680. §9621 — Subsistence and other supplies: members of armed forces; veterans; executive or military departments and employees; prices

3681. §9622 — Rations: commissioned officers in field

3682. §9624 — Medical supplies: civilian employees of the Air Force; American National Red Cross; Armed Forces Retirement Home

3683. §9625 — Ordnance property: officers of the armed forces; civilian employees of the Department of the Air Force; American National Red Cross; educational institutions; homes for veterans’ orphans

3684. §9626 — Aircraft supplies and services: foreign military or other state aircraft

3685. §9627 — Supplies: educational institutions

3686. §9628 — Airplane parts and accessories: civilian flying schools

3687. §9629 — Proceeds: disposition

3688. §9652 — Rifles and ammunition for target practice: educational institutions having corps of cadets

3689. §9653 — Ordnance and ordnance stores: District of Columbia high schools

3690. §9654 — Supplies: military instruction camps

3691. §9655 — Arms and ammunition: agencies and departments of United States

3692. §9656 — Aircraft and equipment: civilian aviation schools

3693. §9682 — Obsolete or excess material: sale to National Council of Boy Scouts of America

3694. §9684 — Surplus obsolete ordnance: sale to patriotic organizations

3695. §9685 — Obsolete ordnance: loan to educational institutions and State soldiers’ and sailors’ orphans’ homes

3696. §9686 — Obsolete ordnance: gift to State homes for soldiers and sailors

3697. §9712 — Disposition of effects of deceased persons by summary court-martial

3698. §9771 — Acceptance of donations: land for mobilization, training, supply base, aviation field, or space mission-related facility

3699. §9773 — Acquisition and construction: installations and depots

3700. §9776 — Emergency construction: fortifications

3701. §9777 — Permits: military reservations; landing ferries, erecting bridges, driving livestock

3702. §9778 — Licenses: military reservations; erection and use of buildings; Young Men’s Christian Association

3703. §9779 — Use of public property

3704. §9780 — Acquisition of buildings in District of Columbia

3705. §9781 — Disposition of real property at missile sites

3706. §9782 — Maintenance and repair of real property

3707. §9783 — Johnston Atoll: reimbursement for support provided to civil air carriers

3708. §9801 — Definition

3709. §9802 — Admiralty claims against the United States

3710. §9803 — Admiralty claims by United States

3711. §9804 — Salvage claims by United States

3712. §9806 — Settlement or compromise: final and conclusive

3713. §9831 — Custody of departmental records and property

3714. §9837 — Settlement of accounts: remission or cancellation of indebtedness of members

3715. §9838 — Settlement of accounts: affidavit of squadron commander

3716. §9839 — Settlement of accounts: oaths

3717. §9840 — Final settlement of officer’s accounts

3718. §9841 — Payment of small amounts to public creditors

3719. §9842 — Settlement of accounts of line officers

3720. §10001 — Definition of State

3721. §10101 — Reserve components named

3722. §10102 — Purpose of reserve components

3723. § 10102a. Deployment prioritization and readiness of Army components

3724. §10103 — Basic policy for order into Federal service

3725. §10104 — Army Reserve: composition

3726. §10105 — Army National Guard of the United States: composition

3727. §10106 — Army National Guard: when a component of the Army

3728. §10107 — Army National Guard of the United States: status when not in Federal service

3729. §10108 — Navy Reserve: administration

3730. §10109 — Marine Corps Reserve: administration

3731. §10110 — Air Force Reserve: composition

3732. §10111 — Air National Guard of the United States: composition

3733. §10112 — Air National Guard: when a component of the Air Force

3734. §10113 — Air National Guard of the United States: status when not in Federal service

3735. §10114 — Chapter 21 of title 14, referred to in text, was comprised of sections 701 to 713 and 720 to 746, prior to the renumbering of such sections as sections 3701 to 3714 and 3731 to 3757, respectively, of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 118(b)(2) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4233 . After renumbering, such sections now comprise chapter 37 (designated as chapter “1” in chapter analysis) of title 14.

3736. §10114 — Coast Guard Reserve

3737. §10114 — Section 701 of title 14 , referred to in text, was redesignated section 3701 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 118(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4233 , and references to section 701 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

3738. §10141 — Ready Reserve; Standby Reserve; Retired Reserve: placement and status of members; training categories

3739. §10142 — Ready Reserve

3740. §10143 — Ready Reserve: Selected Reserve

3741. §10144 — Ready Reserve: Individual Ready Reserve

3742. §10145 — Ready Reserve: placement in

3743. §10146 — Ready Reserve: transfer from

3744. §10147 — Ready Reserve: training requirements

3745. §10148 — Ready Reserve: failure to satisfactorily perform prescribed training

3746. §10149 — Ready Reserve: continuous screening

3747. §10149 — Section 1. There is delegated to the Secretary of Defense (and to the Secretary of Homeland Security with regard to the United States Coast Guard) the authority vested in the President by section 271 [see 10149] of title 10 of the United States Code to prescribe regulations for the screening of units and members of the Ready Reserve of the Armed Forces.

3748. §10150 — Ready Reserve: transfer back from Standby Reserve

3749. §10151 — Standby Reserve: composition

3750. §10152 — Standby Reserve: inactive status list

3751. §10153 — Standby Reserve: status of members

3752. §10154 — Retired Reserve

3753. §10154 — Section 291 of title 14 , referred to in par. (1), was redesignated section 2152 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 112(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4216 , and references to section 291 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

3754. §10171 — United States Army Reserve Command

3755. §10172 — Navy Reserve Force

3756. §10173 — Marine Forces Reserve

3757. §10174 — Air Force Reserve Command

3758. §10201 — Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manpower and Reserve Affairs

3759. §10201 — Section 138(b)(2) of this title , referred to in text, was struck out and subsec. (b)(4) was redesignated subsec. (b)(2) by Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title IX, § 907(b) , Dec. 12, 2017 , 131 Stat. 1514 .

3760. §10202 — Regulations

3761. §10203 — Reserve affairs: designation of general or flag officer of each armed force

3762. §10204 — Personnel records

3763. §10205 — Members of Ready Reserve: requirement of notification of change of status

3764. §10206 — Members: physical examinations

3765. §10207 — Mobilization forces: maintenance

3766. §10208 — Annual mobilization exercise

3767. §10209 — Regular and reserve components: discrimination prohibited

3768. §10210 — Dissemination of information

3769. §10211 — Policies and regulations: participation of Reserve officers in preparation and administration

3770. §10212 — Gratuitous services of officers: authority to accept

3771. §10213 — Reserve components: dual membership prohibited

3772. §10214 — Adjutants general and assistant adjutants general: reference to other officers of National Guard

3773. §10215 — Officers of Army National Guard of the United States and Air National Guard of the United States: authority with respect to Federal status

3774. §10216 — Military technicians (dual status)

3775. §10217 — Non-dual status technicians

3776. §10217 — Section 8016 of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1996 ( Public Law 104–61 ; 109 Stat. 654 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(4), was set out as a note under section 10101 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title V, § 522(e) , Nov. 18, 1997 , 111 Stat. 1735 .

3777. §10218 — Army and Air Force Reserve technicians: conditions for retention; mandatory retirement under civil service laws

3778. §10219 — Section 582 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 582 of Pub. L. 110–181 , which is set out as a note under section 10101 of this title .

3779. §10219 — Suicide prevention and resilience program

3780. §10301 — Reserve Forces Policy Board

3781. §10302 — Army Reserve Forces Policy Committee

3782. §10303 — Navy Reserve Policy Board

3783. §10304 — Marine Corps Reserve Policy Board

3784. §10305 — Air Force Reserve Forces Policy Committee

3785. §10501 — National Guard Bureau

3786. §10502 — Chief of the National Guard Bureau: appointment; adviser on National Guard matters; grade; succession

3787. §10503 — Functions of National Guard Bureau: charter

3788. §10504 — Chief of National Guard Bureau: annual reports

3789. §10505 — Vice Chief of the National Guard Bureau

3790. §10506 — Other senior National Guard Bureau officers

3791. §10507 — National Guard Bureau: assignment of officers of regular or reserve components

3792. §10508 — National Guard Bureau: general provisions

3793. §10541 — National Guard and reserve component equipment: annual report to Congress

3794. §10543 — National Guard and reserve component equipment procurement and military construction funding: inclusion in future-years defense program

3795. §12001 — Authorized strengths: reserve components

3796. §12002 — Authorized strengths: Army and Air Force reserve components, exclusive of members on active duty

3797. §12003 — Authorized strengths: commissioned officers in an active status

3798. §12004 — Strength in grade: reserve general and flag officers in an active status

3799. §12005 — Strength in grade: commissioned officers in grades below brigadier general or rear admiral (lower half) in an active status

3800. §12006 — Strength limitations: authority to waive in time of war or national emergency

3801. §12007 — Reserve officers of the Army: distribution

3802. §12008 — Army Reserve and Air Force Reserve: warrant officers

3803. §12009 — Army and Air Force reserve components: temporary increases

3804. §12010 — Computations for Navy Reserve and Marine Corps Reserve: rule when fraction occurs in final result

3805. §12011 — Authorized strengths: reserve officers on active duty or on full-time National Guard duty for administration of the reserves or the National Guard

3806. §12012 — Authorized strengths: senior enlisted members on active duty or on full-time National Guard duty for administration of the reserves or the National Guard

3807. §12101 — Definition

3808. §12102 — Reserve components: qualifications

3809. §12103 — Reserve components: terms

3810. §12104 — Reserve components: transfers

3811. §12105 — Army Reserve and Air Force Reserve: transfer from Guard components

3812. §12106 — Army and Air Force Reserve: transfer to upon withdrawal as member of National Guard

3813. §12107 — Army National Guard of United States; Air National Guard of the United States: enlistment in

3814. §12108 — Enlisted members: discharge or retirement for years of service or for age

3815. §12201 — Reserve officers: qualifications for appointment

3816. §12202 — Commissioned officer grades

3817. §12203 — Commissioned officers: appointment, how made; term

3818. §12204 — Commissioned officers: original appointment; limitation

3819. §12205 — Commissioned officers: appointment; educational requirement

3820. §12206 — Commissioned officers: appointment of former commissioned officers

3821. §12207 — Commissioned officers: service credit upon original appointment

3822. §12208 — Officers: appointment upon transfer

3823. §12209 — Officer candidates: enlisted Reserves

3824. §12210 — Attending Physician to the Congress: reserve grade

3825. §12211 — Officers: Army National Guard of the United States

3826. §12212 — Officers: Air National Guard of the United States

3827. §12213 — Officers; Army Reserve: transfer from Army National Guard of the United States

3828. §12214 — Officers; Air Force Reserve: transfer from Air National Guard of the United States

3829. §12215 — Commissioned officers: reserve grade of adjutants general and assistant adjutants general

3830. §12241 — Warrant officers: grades; appointment, how made; term

3831. §12242 — Warrant officers: promotion

3832. §12243 — Warrant officers: suspension of laws for promotion or mandatory retirement or separation during war or emergency

3833. §12244 — Warrant officers: discharge or retirement for years of service or for age

3834. §12301 — Reserve components generally

3835. §12302 — Ready Reserve

3836. §12302 — Sec. 2. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

3837. §12302 — Sec. 2. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

3838. §12302 — Section 1. Emergency Authority . To provide additional authority to the Secretaries of Defense and Homeland Security to respond to the national emergency declared by Proclamation 9994, the authorities under section 12302 of title 10 , United States Code, and sections 2127, 2308, 2314, and 3735 of title 14, United States Code, are invoked and made available, according to their terms, to the Secretaries of Defense and Homeland Security. The Secretaries of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, at the direction of the Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy, are authorized to order to active duty not to exceed 24 consecutive months, such units, and individual members of the Ready Reserve under the jurisdiction of the Secretary concerned, not to exceed 1,000,000 members on active duty at any one time, as the Secretary of Defense and, with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy, the Secretary of Homeland Security consider necessary. The Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of Homeland Security, as applicable, will ensure appropriate consultation is undertaken with relevant state officials with respect to the utilization of National Guard Reserve Component units activated under this authority.

3839. §12302 — Section 1. Emergency Authority . To provide additional authority to the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security to respond to the national emergency declared in Executive Order 14059, the authority under section 12302 of title 10 , United States Code, is invoked and made available, according to its terms, to the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security. The Secretaries of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, at the direction of the Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy, are authorized to order to active duty such units and individual members of the Ready Reserve under the jurisdiction of the Secretary concerned as the Secretary concerned considers necessary, consistent with the terms of section 12302 of title 10 , United States Code.

3840. §12302 — Section 1. To provide additional authority to the Department of Defense and the Department of Transportation [Homeland Security] to respond to the continuing and immediate threat of further attacks on the United States, the authority under title 10, United States Code, to order any unit, and any member of the Ready Reserve not assigned to a unit organized to serve as a unit, in the Ready Reserve to active duty for not more than 24 consecutive months, is invoked and made available, according to its terms, to the Secretary concerned, subject in the case of the Secretaries of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, to the direction of the Secretary of Defense. The term “Secretary concerned” is defined in section 101(a)(9) of title 10 , United States Code, to mean the Secretary of the Army with respect to the Army; the Secretary of the Navy with respect to the Navy, the Marine Corps, and the Coast Guard when it is operating as a service in the Navy; the Secretary of the Air Force with respect to the Air Force; and the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy. The authorities available for use during a national emergency under sections 688 and 690 of title 10, United States Code, are also invoked and made available, according to their terms, to the Secretary concerned, subject in the case of the Secretaries of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, to the direction of the Secretary of Defense.

3841. §12303 — Ready Reserve: members not assigned to, or participating satisfactorily in, units

3842. §12303 — Section 1. (a) The Secretary of Defense is hereby authorized and empowered to exercise the authority vested in the President by section 673a [now 12303] of title 10 of the United States Code, to order to active duty any member of the Ready Reserve of an armed force (except the Coast Guard when not operating as a service in the Navy) who—

3843. §12304 — Sec. 2. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

3844. §12304 — Section 1. Activation Authority . The Secretary of Defense is directed to order to active duty for not more than 365 consecutive days, any units, and any individual members not assigned to a unit organized to serve as a unit, of the Selected Reserve under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of Defense, not to exceed 200 Selected Reservists at any one time, as he considers necessary.

3845. §12304 — Selected Reserve and certain Individual Ready Reserve members; order to active duty other than during war or national emergency

3846. § 12304a. Army Reserve, Navy Reserve, Marine Corps Reserve, and Air Force Reserve: order to active duty to provide assistance in response to a major disaster or emergency

3847. Section 231(f)(2) of this title , referred to in subsec. (i), was redesignated as section 231(g)(2) of this title by Pub. L. 117–263, div. A, title III, § 352(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2022 , 136 Stat. 2533 , and subsequently was redesignated as section 231(h)(2) of this title by Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title X, § 1021(1) , Dec. 23, 2024 , 138 Stat. 2052 .

3848. § 12304b. Selected Reserve: order to active duty for preplanned missions in support of the combatant commands

3849. §12305 — Authority of President to suspend certain laws relating to promotion, retirement, and separation

3850. §12305 — Section 1. The Secretary of Defense, and the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Department of the Navy, are hereby designated and empowered to exercise, without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President, the authority vested in the President by section 673c [now 12305] of title 10 of the United States Code (1) to suspend any provision of law relating to promotion, retirement, or separation applicable to any member of the armed forces determined to be essential to the national security of the United States, and (2) to determine, for the purposes of said section, that members of the armed forces are essential to the national security of the United States.

3851. §12306 — Standby Reserve

3852. §12307 — Retired Reserve

3853. §12308 — Retention after becoming qualified for retired pay

3854. §12309 — Reserve officers: use of in expansion of armed forces

3855. §12310 — Reserves: for organizing, administering, etc., reserve components

3856. §12311 — Active duty agreements

3857. §12312 — Active duty agreements: release from duty

3858. §12313 — Reserves: release from active duty

3859. §12314 — Reserves: kinds of duty

3860. §12315 — Reserves: duty with or without pay

3861. §12316 — Payment of certain Reserves while on duty

3862. §12317 — Reserves: theological students; limitations

3863. §12318 — Reserves on active duty: duties; funding

3864. §12319 — Ready Reserve: muster duty

3865. §12320 — Reserve officers: grade in which ordered to active duty

3866. §12321 — Reserve Officer Training Corps units: limitation on number of Reserves assigned

3867. §12322 — Active duty for health care

3868. §12323 — Active duty pending line of duty determination required for response to sexual assault

3869. §12401 — Army and Air National Guard of the United States: status

3870. §12402 — Army and Air National Guard of the United States: commissioned officers; duty in National Guard Bureau

3871. §12403 — Army and Air National Guard of the United States: members; status in which ordered into Federal service

3872. §12404 — Army and Air National Guard of the United States: mobilization; maintenance of organization

3873. §12405 — National Guard in Federal service: status

3874. §12406 — National Guard in Federal service: call

3875. §12407 — National Guard in Federal service: period of service; apportionment

3876. §12408 — National Guard in Federal service: physical examination

3877. §12501 — Reserve components: detail of members of regular and reserve components to assist

3878. §12502 — Chief and assistant chief of staff of National Guard divisions and wings in Federal service: detail

3879. §12503 — Ready Reserve: funeral honors duty

3880. §12521 — Definitions

3881. §12522 — Establishment of insurance program

3882. §12523 — Risk insured

3883. §12524 — Enrollment and election of benefits

3884. §12525 — Benefit amounts

3885. §12526 — Premiums

3886. §12527 — Payment of premiums

3887. §12528 — Reserve Mobilization Income Insurance Fund

3888. §12529 — Board of Actuaries

3889. §12530 — Payment of benefits

3890. §12531 — Purchase of insurance

3891. §12532 — Termination for nonpayment of premiums; forfeiture

3892. §12533 — Termination of program

3893. §12552 — Funeral honors functions at funerals for veterans

3894. §12601 — Compensation: Reserve on active duty accepting from any person

3895. §12602 — Members of Army National Guard of United States and Air National Guard of United States: credit for service as members of National Guard

3896. §12603 — Attendance at inactive-duty training assemblies: commercial travel at Federal supply schedule rates

3897. §12604 — Billeting in Department of Defense facilities: Reserves attending inactive-duty training

3898. §12605 — Presentation of United States flag: members transferred from an active status or discharged after completion of eligibility for retired pay

3899. §12641 — Standards and procedures: Secretary to prescribe

3900. §12642 — Standards and qualifications: result of failure to comply with

3901. §12643 — Boards for appointment, promotion, and certain other purposes: composition

3902. §12644 — Members physically not qualified for active duty: discharge or transfer to retired status

3903. §12645 — Chapter 21 of title 14, referred to in text, was comprised of sections 701 to 713 and 720 to 746, prior to the renumbering of such sections as sections 3701 to 3714 and 3731 to 3757, respectively, of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 118(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4233 . After renumbering, such sections now comprise chapter 37 (designated as chapter “1” in chapter analysis) of title 14.

3904. §12645 — Commissioned officers: retention until completion of required service

3905. §12646 — Chapter 21 of title 14, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), was comprised of sections 701 to 713 and 720 to 746 prior to the renumbering of such sections as sections 3701 to 3714 and 3731 to 3757, respectively, of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 118(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4233 . After renumbering, such sections now comprise chapter 37 (designated as chapter “1” in chapter analysis) of title 14.

3906. §12646 — Commissioned officers: retention of after completing 18 or more, but less than 20, years of service

3907. §12646 — Section 740 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was redesignated section 3751 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 118(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4233 , and references to section 740 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

3908. §12646 — Section 740 of title 14 redesignated section 3751 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 118(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4233 , and references to section 740 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

3909. §12647 — Commissioned officers: retention in active status while assigned to Selective Service System or serving as United States property and fiscal officers

3910. §12681 — Reserves: discharge authority

3911. §12682 — Reserves: discharge upon becoming ordained minister of religion

3912. §12683 — Reserve officers: limitation on involuntary separation

3913. §12684 — Reserves: separation for absence without authority or sentence to imprisonment

3914. §12685 — Reserves separated for cause: character of discharge

3915. §12686 — Reserves on active duty within two years of retirement eligibility: limitation on release from active duty

3916. §12687 — Reserves under confinement by sentence of court-martial: separation after six months confinement

3917. §12731 — Age and service requirements

3918. §12731 — Section 712 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(B)(iv), was redesignated section 3713 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 118(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4233 , and references to section 712 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

3919. Section 4414(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993 and section 4415(2) of the Defense Conversion, Reinvestment, and Transition Assistance Act of 1992, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), (3), are sections 4414(a) and 4415(2) of Pub. L. 102–484 , which are set out in a note under section 12681 of this title .

3920. § 12731a. Temporary special retirement qualification authority

3921. § 12731b. Special rule for members with physical disabilities not incurred in line of duty

3922. §12732 — Entitlement to retired pay: computation of years of service

3923. §12733 — Computation of retired pay: computation of years of service

3924. §12734 — Section 305 of Pub. L. 87–651 provided that: “Section 108 of this Act [amending this section] is effective as of August 10, 1956 , for all purposes. Section 304 of this Act is effective as of February 6, 1959 .”

3925. §12734 — Time not creditable toward years of service

3926. §12735 — Inactive status list

3927. §12736 — Service credited for retired pay benefits not excluded for other benefits

3928. §12737 — Limitation on active duty

3929. §12738 — Limitations on revocation of retired pay

3930. §12739 — Computation of retired pay

3931. §12740 — Eligibility: denial upon certain punitive discharges or dismissals

3932. §12741 — Retirement for service in an active status performed in the Selected Reserve of the Ready Reserve after eligibility for regular retirement

3933. §12771 — Reserve officers: grade on transfer to Retired Reserve

3934. §12772 — Reserve commissioned officers who have served as Attending Physician to the Congress: grade on transfer to Retired Reserve

3935. §12773 — Limitation on accrual of increased pay or benefits

3936. §12774 — Retired lists

3937. §14001 — Applicability of this part

3938. §14001 — Section 1682 of title XVI of div. A of Pub. L. 103–337 provided that: “(a) Promotions To Fill Vacancies .— A reserve commissioned officer of the Army or Air Force (other than a commissioned warrant officer) who, on the day before the effective date of this title [ Oct. 1, 1996 , see section 1691(b)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 103–337 , set out as an Effective Date note under section 10001 of this title ], is recommended for promotion to fill a vacancy in the Army Reserve or the Air Force Reserve under section 3383, 3384, 8372, or 8373 of title 10, United States Code, as in effect on the day before the effective date of this title, in the next higher reserve grade shall be considered to have been recommended for promotion to that grade by a vacancy promotion board under section 14101(a)(2) of title 10 , United States Code, as added by this title. “(b) Promotions Other Than To Fill Vacancies .— A reserve officer of the Army or Air Force who, on the day before the effective date of this title, is recommended for promotion under section 3366, 3367, 3370, 3371, 8366, or 8371 of title 10, United States Code, as in effect on the day before the effective date of this title, to a reserve grade higher than the grade in which the officer is serving shall be considered to have been recommended for promotion by a mandatory promotion board convened under section 14101(a)(1) of title 10 , United States Code, as added by this title. “(c) Officers Found Qualified for Promotion to First Lieutenant .— A reserve officer of the Army or Air Force who, on the effective date of this title, holds the grade of second lieutenant and has been found qualified for promotion to the grade of first lieutenant in accordance with section 3365, 3382, or 8365 of title 10, United States Code, as in effect on the day before the effective date of this title, shall be promoted to that grade on the date on which the officer would have been promoted under the provisions of chapter 337 or 837 of such title, as in effect on the day before the effective date of this title, unless sooner promoted under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army or the Secretary of the Air Force under section 14308(b) of title 10 , United States Code, as added by this title. “(d) Officers Once Failed of Selection .— (1) A reserve officer of the Army in the grade of first lieutenant, captain, or major who, on the day before the effective date of this title, has been considered once but not recommended for promotion to the next higher reserve grade under section 3366 or 3367 of title 10, United States Code, or a reserve officer of the Air Force in the grade of first lieutenant, captain, or major who, on the day before the effective date of this title, is a deferred officer within the meaning of section 8368 of such title, shall be considered to have been considered once but not selected for promotion by a board convened under section 14101(a)(1) of title 10 , United States Code, as added by this title. If the officer is later considered for promotion by a selection board convened under that section and is not selected for promotion (or is selected for promotion but declines to accept the promotion), the officer shall be considered for all purposes to have twice failed of selection for promotion. “(2) In the case of a reserve officer of the Army or Air Force in an active status who, on the day before the effective date of this title, is in the grade of first lieutenant, captain, or major and whose name has been removed, under the provisions of section 3363(f) of title 10 , United States Code, from a list of officers recommended for promotion or who has previously not been promoted because the President declined to appoint the officer in the next higher grade under section 8377 of such title as in effect on the day before the effective date of this title, or whose name was removed from a list of officers recommended for promotion to the next higher grade because the Senate did not consent to the officer’s appointment, if the officer is later considered for promotion by a selection board convened by section 14101(a)(1) of title 10 , United States Code, as added by this title, and (A) is not selected for promotion, (B) is selected for promotion but removed from the list of officers recommended or approved for promotion, or (C) is selected for promotion but declines to accept the promotion, the officer shall be considered for all purposes to have twice failed of selection for promotion. “(e) Officers Twice Failed of Selection .— A reserve officer of the Army or Air Force in an active status who, on the day before the effective date of this title, is in the grade of first lieutenant, captain, or major and on that date is subject to be treated as prescribed in section 3846 or 8846 of title 10, United States Code, shall continue to be governed by that section as in effect on the day before the effective date of this title. “(f) Officers With Approved Promotion Declinations in Effect .— A reserve officer of the Army who, on the day before the effective date of this title, has declined a promotion under subsection (f) or (g) of section 3364 of title 10 , United States Code, shall while carried on the reserve active status list be subject to the provisions of subsections (h), (i), and (j) of such section, as in effect on the day before the effective date of this title, except that the name of an officer to whom this section applies shall be placed on a promotion list under section 14308(a) of title 10 , United States Code (as added by this title), and, at the end of the approved period of declination, shall be considered to have failed of promotion if the officer again declines to accept the promotion. “(g) Covered Officers .— This section applies to reserve officers of the Army and Air Force who— “(1) on the day before the effective date of this title are in an active status; and “(2) on the effective date of this title are subject to placement on the reserve active-status list of the Army or the Air Force.”

3939. §14001 — Section 1683 of title XVI of div. A of Pub. L. 103–337 provided that: “(a) Recommendations for Promotion .— An officer covered by this section who, on the day before the effective date of this title [ Oct. 1, 1996 , see section 1691(b)(1), (2) of Pub. L. 103–337 , set out as an Effective Date note under section 10001 of this title ], has been recommended for promotion to a reserve grade higher than the grade in which the officer is serving shall be considered to have been recommended for promotion to that grade under section 14101(a) of title 10 , United States Code, as added by this title. “(b) Failures of Selection .— An officer covered by this section who, on the day before the effective date of this title is considered to have failed of selection for promotion one or more times under chapter 549 of title 10, United States Code, to a grade below captain, in the case of a reserve officer of the Navy, or to a grade below colonel, in the case of a reserve officer of the Marine Corps, shall be subject to chapters 1405 and 1407 of title 10, United States Code, as added by this title, as if such failure or failures had occurred under the provisions of those chapters. “(c) Officers Other Than Covered Officers Recommended for Promotion .— A reserve officer of the Navy or Marine Corps who on the day before the effective date of this title (1) has been recommended for promotion in the approved report of a selection board convened under chapter 549 of title 10, United States Code, and (2) was on the active-duty list of the Navy or Marine Corps may be promoted under that chapter, as in effect on the day before the effective date of this title. “(d) Officers Found Qualified for Promotion to Lieutenant (Junior Grade) or First Lieutenant .— A covered officer who, on the effective date of this title, holds the grade of second lieutenant and has been found qualified for promotion in accordance with section 5908 or 5910 of title 10, United States Code, as in effect on the day before the effective date of this title, shall be promoted on the date on which the officer would have been promoted under the provisions of chapter 549 of such title, as in effect on the day before the effective date of this title, unless sooner promoted under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Navy under section 14307(b) of such title, as added by this title. “(e) Officers Whose Names Have Been Omitted From a List Furnished to a Selection Board .— A covered officer whose name, as of the effective date of this title, had been omitted by administrative error from the list of officers furnished the most recent selection board to consider officers of the same grade and component, shall be considered by a special selection board established under section 14502 of title 10 , United States Code, as added by this title. If the officer is selected for promotion by that board, the officer shall be promoted as specified in section 5904 of title 10 , United States Code, as in effect on the day before the effective date of this title. “(f) Covered Officers .— Except as provided in subsection (c), this section applies to any reserve officer of the Navy or Marine Corps who (1) before the effective date of this title is in an active status, and (2) on the effective date of this title is subject to placement on the reserve active-status list of the Navy or Marine Corps.”

3940. §14002 — Reserve active-status lists: requirement for each armed force

3941. §14003 — Reserve active-status lists: position of officers on the list

3942. §14004 — Reserve active-status lists: eligibility for Reserve promotion

3943. §14005 — Competitive categories

3944. §14006 — Determination of years in grade

3945. §14101 — Convening of selection boards

3946. §14102 — Selection boards: appointment and composition

3947. §14103 — Oath of members

3948. §14104 — Nondisclosure of board proceedings

3949. §14105 — Notice of convening of promotion board

3950. §14106 — Communication with board by officers under consideration

3951. §14107 — Information furnished by the Secretary concerned to promotion boards

3952. §14108 — Recommendations by promotion boards

3953. §14109 — Reports of promotion boards: in general

3954. §14110 — Reports of promotion boards: review by Secretary

3955. §14111 — Reports of selection boards: transmittal to President

3956. §14112 — Dissemination of names of officers selected

3957. §14301 — Eligibility for consideration for promotion: general rules

3958. §14302 — Promotion zones

3959. §14303 — Eligibility for consideration for promotion: minimum years of service in grade

3960. §14304 — Eligibility for consideration for promotion: maximum years of service in grade

3961. §14305 — Establishment of promotion zones: mandatory consideration for promotion

3962. §14306 — Establishment of promotion zones: Navy Reserve and Marine Corps Reserve running mate system

3963. §14307 — Number of officers to be recommended for promotion

3964. §14308 — Promotions: how made

3965. §14309 — Acceptance of promotion; oath of office

3966. §14310 — Removal of officers from a list of officers recommended for promotion

3967. §14311 — Delay of promotion: involuntary

3968. §14312 — Delay of promotion: voluntary

3969. §14313 — Authority to vacate promotions to grade of brigadier general or rear admiral (lower half)

3970. §14314 — Army and Air Force commissioned officers: generals ceasing to occupy positions commensurate with grade; State adjutants general

3971. §14315 — Position vacancy promotions: Army and Air Force officers

3972. §14316 — Army National Guard and Air National Guard: appointment to and Federal recognition in a higher reserve grade after selection for promotion

3973. §14317 — Officers in transition to and from the active-status list or active-duty list

3974. §14501 — Failure of selection for promotion

3975. §14502 — Special selection boards: correction of errors

3976. § 14502a. Special selection review boards

3977. §14503 — Discharge of officers with less than six years of commissioned service or found not qualified for promotion to first lieutenant or lieutenant (junior grade)

3978. §14504 — Effect of failure of selection for promotion: reserve first lieutenants of the Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps and reserve lieutenants (junior grade) of the Navy

3979. §14505 — Effect of failure of selection for promotion: reserve captains of the Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps and reserve lieutenants of the Navy

3980. §14506 — Effect of failure of selection for promotion: reserve majors of the Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps and reserve lieutenant commanders of the Navy

3981. §14507 — Removal from the reserve active-status list for years of service: reserve lieutenant colonels and colonels of the Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps and reserve commanders and captains of the Navy

3982. §14508 — Removal from the reserve active-status list for years of service: reserve general and flag officers

3983. §14509 — Separation at age 62: reserve officers in grades below brigadier general or rear admiral (lower half)

3984. §14510 — Separation at age 62: brigadier generals and rear admirals (lower half)

3985. §14511 — Separation at age 64: officers in grade of major general or rear admiral and above

3986. §14512 — Separation at age 66: officers holding certain offices

3987. §14513 — Failure of selection for promotion: transfer, retirement, or discharge

3988. §14514 — Discharge or retirement for years of service or after selection for early removal

3989. §14515 — Discharge or retirement for age

3990. §14516 — Separation to be considered involuntary

3991. §14517 — Entitlement of officers discharged under this chapter to separation pay

3992. §14518 — Continuation of officers to complete disciplinary action

3993. §14519 — Deferment of retirement or separation for medical reasons

3994. §14701 — Selection of officers for continuation on the reserve active-status list

3995. § 14701a. Continuation on reserve active-status list: officers in certain military specialties and career tracks

3996. §14702 — Retention on reserve active-status list of certain officers in the grade of major, lieutenant colonel, colonel, or brigadier general

3997. §14703 — Authority to retain chaplains and officers in medical specialties until specified age

3998. §14704 — Selective early removal from the reserve active-status list

3999. §14705 — Selective early retirement: reserve general and flag officers of the Navy and Marine Corps

4000. §14706 — Computation of total years of service

4001. §14901 — Separation of chaplains for loss of professional qualifications

4002. §14902 — Separation for substandard performance and for certain other reasons

4003. §14903 — Boards of inquiry

4004. §14904 — Rights and procedures

4005. §14905 — Officer considered for removal: retirement or discharge

4006. §14906 — Officers eligible to serve on boards

4007. §14907 — Army National Guard of the United States and Air National Guard of the United States: discharge and withdrawal of Federal recognition of officers absent without leave

4008. §15101 — Officers in designated competitive categories

4009. §15102 — Section 14301(d) of this title shall not apply to the selection for promotion of officers described in subsection (a).

4010. §15102 — Selection for promotion

4011. §15103 — Eligibility for consideration for promotion

4012. §15104 — Opportunities for consideration for promotion

4013. §15105 — Promotions

4014. §15106 — Failure of selection for promotion

4015. §15106 — Section 14502(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), probably should be section 14501(b) of this title , which relates to officers twice failed of selection. Section 14502(b) of this title relates to officers considered but not selected due to material error.

4016. §15107 — Retirement: retirement for years of service; selective early retirement

4017. §15107 — Section 14101(b) of this title shall apply to the retirement of officers described in subsection (a).

4018. §15108 — Continuation on the Reserve Active-Status List

4019. §15109 — Other administrative authorities

4020. §15110 — Regulations

4021. §16131 — Educational assistance program: establishment; amount

4022. § 16131a. Accelerated payment of educational assistance

4023. §16132 — Eligibility for educational assistance

4024. § 16132a. Authority to transfer unused education benefits to family members

4025. §16133 — Time limitation for use of entitlement

4026. §16134 — Termination of assistance

4027. §16135 — Failure to participate satisfactorily; penalties

4028. §16136 — Administration of program

4029. §16161 — Purpose

4030. §16162 — Educational assistance program

4031. § 16162a. Accelerated payment of educational assistance

4032. §16163 — Eligibility for educational assistance

4033. § 16163a. Authority to transfer unused education benefits to family members

4034. §16164 — Time limitation for use of entitlement

4035. §16165 — Termination of assistance

4036. §16166 — Administration of program

4037. §16167 — Sunset

4038. §16201 — Financial assistance: health-care professionals in reserve components

4039. §16202 — Reserve service: required active duty for training

4040. §16203 — Penalties and limitations

4041. §16204 — Regulations

4042. §16301 — Education loan repayment program: members of Selected Reserve

4043. §16302 — Education loan repayment program: health professions officers serving in Selected Reserve with wartime critical medical skill shortages

4044. §16303 — Loan repayment program: chaplains serving in the Selected Reserve

4045. §16401 — Marine Corps Platoon Leaders Class: college tuition assistance program

4046. §18231 — Purpose

4047. §18232 — Definitions

4048. §18233 — Acquisition

4049. §18233 — Section 16 of Pub. L. 85–861 , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1558 , provided that not more than $580,000,000 could be obligated for the purposes of this section before July 1, 1958 , but with such limitation not applicable to the expenses for the leasing of property under subsec. (a)(1) of this section.

4050. § 18233a. Notice and wait requirements for certain projects

4051. § 18233b. Authority to carry out small projects with operation and maintenance funds

4052. §18234 — Location and use

4053. §18235 — Administration; other use permitted by Secretary

4054. §18236 — Contributions to States; other use permitted by States

4055. §18237 — Supervision of construction: compliance with State law

4056. §18238 — Army National Guard of United States; Air National Guard of United States: limitation on relocation of units

4057. §18239 — Waiver of certain restrictions

4058. §18240 — Acquisition of facilities by exchange

4059. §18501 — Reserve components: personnel and logistic support by military departments

4060. §18502 — Reserve components: supplies, services, and facilities

4061. §18505 — Reserves traveling for inactive-duty training: space-required travel on military aircraft

4062. §20001 — Single military personnel management system

4063. §20002 — Members: duty status

4064. §20003 — Members: minimum service requirement as applied to Space Force

4065. §20101 — Members in Space Force active status: amount of annual training or active duty service required

4066. §20102 — Individual ready guardians: designation; mobilization category

4067. §20103 — Members not on sustained duty: agreements concerning conditions of service

4068. §20104 — Orders to active duty: with consent of member

4069. §20105 — Sustained duty

4070. §20106 — Orders to active duty: without consent of member

4071. §20107 — Transfer to inactive status: initial service obligation not complete

4072. §20108 — Members of Space Force: credit for service for purposes of laws providing pay and benefits for members, dependents, and survivors

4073. §20109 — Policy for order to active duty based upon determination by Congress

4074. §20201 — Original appointments: how made

4075. §20202 — Original appointments: qualifications

4076. §20203 — Original appointments: service credit

4077. §20211 — Convening of selection boards

4078. §20212 — Composition of selection boards

4079. §20213 — Notice of convening of selection boards

4080. §20214 — Information furnished to selection boards

4081. §20215 — Recommendations for promotion by selection boards

4082. §20216 — Reports of selection boards

4083. §20217 — Action on reports of selection boards for promotion to brigadier general or major general

4084. §20231 — Eligibility for consideration for promotion: general rules

4085. §20232 — Authority to allow officers to opt out of selection board consideration

4086. §20233 — Eligibility for consideration for promotion: designation as joint qualified officer required before promotion to brigadier general; exceptions

4087. §20234 — Opportunities for consideration for promotion

4088. §20235 — Space Force officer list

4089. §20236 — Competitive categories

4090. §20237 — Numbers to be recommended for promotion

4091. §20238 — Establishment of promotion zones

4092. §20239 — Promotions: how made

4093. §20240 — Acceptance of promotions; oath of office

4094. §20241 — Removal of officers from a list of officers recommended for promotion

4095. §20242 — Authority to vacate promotions to grade of brigadier general

4096. §20243 — General officers ceasing to occupy positions commensurate with grade

4097. §20251 — Failure of selection for promotion

4098. §20251 — Section 14201 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2), probably should be section 14101 of this title , which relates to convening of selection boards. There is no section 14201 of this title .

4099. §20252 — Special selection boards; correction of errors

4100. Section 628a of this title , relating to the convening of a special selection review board when credible information of an adverse nature was not furnished to a promotion board, applies with respect to persons recommended by a selection board for promotion to a grade at or below the grade of major general in the Space Force.

4101. § 20252a. Special selection review boards: reference

4102. §20253 — Retirement: retirement for years of service

4103. §20261 — Section 14701 of this title shall apply in continuation or retention on the Space Force officer in the same manner as to continuation on the reserve active-status list.

4104. §20261 — Selection of officers for continuation on the Space Force officer list

4105. §20262 — Retirement: selective early retirement

4106. §20263 — Entitlement of officers discharged or retired under this chapter to separation pay or retired pay

4107. §20264 — Other administrative authorities

4108. §20301 — Original enlistments: qualifications; grade

4109. §20302 — Enlisted members: term of enlistment

4110. §20303 — Reference to chapter 31

4111. §20401 — Applicability of certain provisions of law related to separation

4112. §20402 — Enlisted members: standards and qualifications for retention

4113. §20403 — Officers: standards and qualifications for retention

4114. §20404 — Section 4403 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(C), is section 4403 of Pub. L. 102–484 , which is set out as a note under section 1293 of this title .

4115. §20404 — Selection of officers for early retirement or discharge

4116. §20405 — Force shaping authority

4117. §20501 — Authority to establish procedures to consider the separation of officers for substandard performance of duty and for certain other reasons

4118. §20502 — Retention boards

4119. §20503 — Removal of officer: action by Secretary upon recommendation of retention board

4120. §20504 — Rights and procedures

4121. §20505 — Officer considered for removal: voluntary retirement or discharge

4122. §20506 — Officers eligible to serve on retention boards

4123. §20601 — Officers: voluntary retirement for length of service

4124. §20602 — Officers: computation of years of service for voluntary retirement

4125. §20602 — Section 972(b) of this title excludes from computation of an officer’s years of service for purposes of this section any time identified with respect to that officer under that section.

4126. §20603 — Enlisted members: voluntary retirement for length of service

4127. §20604 — Enlisted members: computation of years of service for voluntary retirement

4128. §20605 — Applicability of other provisions of law relating to retirement

Title 11 — Bankruptcy

Chapter 1

1. §101 — Definitions In this title the following definitions shall apply:

   This section provides numerous definitions for terms used throughout Title 11 of the U.S. Code, covering concepts such as 'accountant,' 'affiliate,' 'claim,' 'creditor,' 'debtor,' and various financial and legal entities relevant to bankruptcy proceedings.

2. §102 — Rules of construction In this title-

   This section defines various terms and rules of construction applicable throughout Title 11 of the U.S. Code, clarifying phrases such as 'after notice and a hearing,' 'claim against the debtor,' and the interpretation of words like 'includes,' 'may not,' and 'or.' It also specifies that a definition in one section of this title referring to another section does not affect the meaning of a term in that other section.

3. §103 — Applicability of chapters

   This section of the U.S. Code details the applicability of various chapters and subchapters of Title 11 (Bankruptcy) to different types of bankruptcy cases, specifying which provisions apply to cases under Chapter 7, 11, 12, 13, and 15, and particular subchapters for stockbrokers, commodity brokers, and railroad reorganization cases.

4. §104 — Adjustment of dollar amounts

   This section outlines the process for adjusting dollar amounts in various sections of Title 11 and Title 28 of the U.S. Code every three years, based on changes in the Consumer Price Index. The Judicial Conference of the United States is responsible for publishing these updated amounts in the Federal Register, and adjustments do not apply to cases commenced before their effective date.

5. §105 — Power of court

   This section outlines the general powers of a court in bankruptcy proceedings, including the authority to issue necessary orders and conduct status conferences to ensure expeditious case resolution. It also specifies limitations, such as prohibiting the appointment of a receiver, and details specific orders applicable to Chapter 11 cases.

6. §106 — Waiver of sovereign immunity

   This section details the abrogation and waiver of sovereign immunity for governmental units in bankruptcy proceedings, outlining specific sections of Title 11 where immunity is waived. It also specifies limitations on monetary awards against governmental units and how judgments are enforced.

7. §107 — Public access to papers

   This section establishes that papers filed in bankruptcy cases and court dockets are public records, open for examination. It also provides exceptions, allowing the bankruptcy court to protect trade secrets, confidential information, scandalous matter, or information that could lead to identity theft, while granting full access to certain governmental and trustee entities.

8. §108 — Extension of time

   This section outlines rules for extending time limits in bankruptcy proceedings. It details how the filing of a petition affects periods for commencing actions by a trustee, for a debtor or protected individual to file documents or cure defaults, and for continuing civil actions against the debtor or protected individual.

9. §109 — Who may be a debtor

   This section outlines the eligibility criteria for various types of debtors under different chapters of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, specifying who may file for bankruptcy based on their residency, business type, and financial status, as well as outlining certain restrictions and counseling requirements.

10. §110 — Penalty for persons who negligently or fraudulently prepare bankruptcy petitions

    This section establishes regulations and penalties for bankruptcy petition preparers, defining their roles and responsibilities, prohibiting them from providing legal advice, and outlining various penalties and remedies for non-compliance or fraudulent conduct. It specifies requirements for signing, identifying, and furnishing documents, as well as rules for fees and actions that can be taken against preparers.

11. §111 — Nonprofit budget and credit counseling agencies; financial management instructional courses

    This section outlines the requirements and approval process for nonprofit budget and credit counseling agencies and financial management instructional courses that assist debtors in bankruptcy. It details the duties of the United States trustee in approving such entities, sets forth operational standards, and specifies conditions under which approval can be granted or revoked.

12. §112 — Prohibition on disclosure of name of minor children The debtor may be required to provide information regarding a minor child involved in matters under this title but may not be required to disclose in the public records in the case the name of such minor child. The debtor may be required to disclose the name of such minor child in a nonpublic record that is maintained by the court and made available by the court for examination by the United States trustee, the trustee, and the auditor (if any) serving under section 586(f) of title 28, in the case. The court, the United States trustee, the trustee, and such auditor shall not disclose the name of such minor child maintained in such nonpublic record. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title II, §233(a), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 74 .)

    This section prohibits the public disclosure of a minor child's name in bankruptcy records, while allowing for its disclosure in nonpublic court records accessible to authorized parties like the United States trustee, trustee, and auditor, who are also bound by confidentiality.

Chapter 3

1. §301 — Voluntary cases

   This section defines how a voluntary bankruptcy case is commenced under any chapter of Title 11, stating that filing a petition with the bankruptcy court by an eligible debtor initiates the process and constitutes an order for relief.

2. §302 — Joint cases

   This section defines a joint bankruptcy case as commenced by a single petition filed by an individual and their spouse, which automatically constitutes an order for relief under the relevant chapter. After commencement, the court determines the extent of estate consolidation.

3. §303 — Involuntary cases

   This section details the conditions and procedures for commencing an involuntary bankruptcy case under Chapter 7 or 11 of Title 11, specifying who may be subjected to such a case, the petitioning creditor requirements, and the effects of filing an involuntary petition, including provisions for dismissal and potential damages.

4. §305 — Abstention

   This section grants the court the power to dismiss or suspend a bankruptcy case after notice and a hearing, either if it serves the interests of creditors and the debtor, or if a foreign proceeding has been recognized and dismissal/suspension would best serve the purposes of Chapter 15. Decisions regarding abstention are generally not reviewable by appeal.

5. §306 — Limited appearance An appearance in a bankruptcy court by a foreign representative in connection with a petition or request under section 303 or 305 of this title does not submit such foreign representative to the jurisdiction of any court in the United States for any other purpose, but the bankruptcy court may condition any order under section 303 or 305 of this title on compliance by such foreign representative with the orders of such bankruptcy court. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2561 ; Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §802(d)(5), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 146 .)

   This section specifies that a foreign representative's appearance in a U.S. bankruptcy court for a petition or request under sections 303 or 305 does not establish broader U.S. court jurisdiction over them, though the bankruptcy court can make its orders under those sections conditional on the representative's compliance.

6. §307 — United States trustee The United States trustee may raise and may appear and be heard on any issue in any case or proceeding under this title but may not file a plan pursuant to section 1121(c) of this title. (Added Pub. L. 99–554, title II, §205(a), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3098 .)

   This section defines the role of the United States trustee, granting them the ability to raise, appear, and be heard on any issue in a case or proceeding under this title, with the specific exclusion of filing a plan under section 1121(c).

7. §308 — Debtor reporting requirements

   This section outlines specific reporting requirements for debtors in small business bankruptcy cases, defining 'profitability' and mandating periodic financial reports that include profitability, projected and actual cash flows, compliance with postpetition requirements, and details on remedying any failures, along with other relevant information.

8. §321 — Eligibility to serve as trustee

   This section outlines the eligibility requirements for individuals and corporations to serve as trustees in bankruptcy cases under Title 11, specifying residency or office location criteria for certain chapters. It also prohibits a person who served as an examiner from becoming a trustee in the same case and states that the United States trustee is eligible to serve if necessary.

9. §322 — Qualification of trustee

   This section outlines the qualification requirements for a trustee in a bankruptcy case, primarily by filing a bond for faithful performance, except for the United States trustee who qualifies automatically. It also details the United States trustee's role in determining bond amounts and sufficiency, limitations on trustee liability, and the statute of limitations for proceedings on a trustee's bond.

10. §323 — Role and capacity of trustee

    This section defines the role of a trustee in a bankruptcy case as the representative of the estate and grants the trustee the legal capacity to sue and be sued.

11. §324 — Removal of trustee or examiner

    This section grants the court the authority to remove a trustee (excluding the United States trustee) or an examiner for cause, after notice and a hearing. It also stipulates that such removal in one case generally applies to all other cases where that trustee or examiner is serving, unless the court dictates otherwise.

12. §325 — Effect of vacancy A vacancy in the office of trustee during a case does not abate any pending action or proceeding, and the successor trustee shall be substituted as a party in such action or proceeding. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2562 .)

    This section clarifies that a vacancy in the trustee's office during a case does not stop any pending action or proceeding, and the new trustee will automatically take the place of the former trustee as a party in such matters.

13. §326 — Limitation on compensation of trustee

    This section sets limitations on the compensation a trustee can receive for services in bankruptcy cases under Title 11, detailing different calculation methods for various chapters (7, 11, 12, 13) and subchapters. It also addresses situations with multiple trustees and grounds for denying compensation due to lack of diligent inquiry or improper employment of professionals.

14. §327 — Employment of professional persons

    This section outlines the rules for employing professional persons, such as attorneys and accountants, in a bankruptcy case, specifying who can be employed, their qualifications (e.g., disinterestedness, no adverse interest), and conditions under which the trustee may act as a professional or retain debtor's professionals.

15. §328 — Limitation on compensation of professional persons

    This section outlines the terms and conditions for employing and compensating professional persons (like attorneys and accountants) in bankruptcy cases, allowing for various fee structures and court adjustments if initial terms prove improvident. It also specifies conditions under which a trustee acting as an attorney or accountant can be compensated, and when compensation can be denied due to a lack of disinterestedness or representation of adverse interests.

16. §329 — Debtor's transactions with attorneys

    This section requires attorneys representing a debtor in a bankruptcy case to disclose compensation arrangements made within one year prior to the petition filing. It also grants the court authority to review such compensation and order the return of excessive payments to the estate or the paying entity.

17. §330 — Compensation of officers (a)(1) After notice to the parties in interest and the United States Trustee and a hearing, and subject to sections 326, 328, and 329, the court may award to a trustee, a consumer privacy ombudsman appointed under section 332, an examiner, an ombudsman appointed under section 333, or a professional person employed under section 327 or 1103-

    This section outlines the rules for compensating various officers and professional persons in bankruptcy cases, including trustees, examiners, ombudsmen, and attorneys. It details the factors courts consider when determining reasonable compensation, conditions under which compensation may be reduced or disallowed, and specific provisions for payments to standing trustees and the United States Trustee System Fund.

18. §331 — Interim compensation A trustee, an examiner, a debtor's attorney, or any professional person employed under section 327 or 1103 of this title may apply to the court not more than once every 120 days after an order for relief in a case under this title, or more often if the court permits, for such compensation for services rendered before the date of such an application or reimbursement for expenses incurred before such date as is provided under section 330 of this title. After notice and a hearing, the court may allow and disburse to such applicant such compensation or reimbursement. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2564 .)

    This section allows trustees, examiners, debtor's attorneys, and other employed professionals in a bankruptcy case to apply to the court for interim compensation and reimbursement of expenses at least every 120 days, or more frequently with court permission, after an order for relief.

19. §332 — Consumer privacy ombudsman

    This section mandates the appointment of a consumer privacy ombudsman by the United States trustee in certain hearings regarding the sale or lease of personally identifiable information. The ombudsman's role is to provide the court with information concerning the privacy implications for consumers, including privacy policies, potential impacts, and alternatives, while being prohibited from disclosing personally identifiable information.

20. §333 — Appointment of patient care ombudsman (a)(1) If the debtor in a case under chapter 7, 9, or 11 is a health care business, the court shall order, not later than 30 days after the commencement of the case, the appointment of an ombudsman to monitor the quality of patient care and to represent the interests of the patients of the health care business unless the court finds that the appointment of such ombudsman is not necessary for the protection of patients under the specific facts of the case. (2)(A) If the court orders the appointment of an ombudsman under paragraph (1), the United States trustee shall appoint 1 disinterested person (other than the United States trustee) to serve as such ombudsman.

    This section mandates the appointment of a patient care ombudsman in bankruptcy cases involving a health care business, unless deemed unnecessary, to monitor patient care quality and represent patient interests. The ombudsman, appointed by the United States trustee, reports to the court on care quality, particularly any decline, and must maintain patient information confidentiality, with specific rules for reviewing confidential records.

21. §341 — Meetings of creditors and equity security holders

    This section mandates the United States trustee to convene a meeting of creditors and optionally equity security holders in bankruptcy cases, prohibiting judicial oversight of these meetings. It also outlines the trustee's duty to orally examine the debtor regarding the consequences of bankruptcy and specifies certain rights for creditors to participate.

22. §342 — Notice

    This section outlines various notice requirements in bankruptcy cases, including general notice for an order for relief, specific pre-petition information for consumer debtors, and detailed rules for notices to creditors regarding content, address usage, and the implications of effective versus ineffective notice on monetary penalties.

23. §343 — Examination of the debtor The debtor shall appear and submit to examination under oath at the meeting of creditors under section 341(a) of this title. Creditors, any indenture trustee, any trustee or examiner in the case, or the United States trustee may examine the debtor. The United States trustee may administer the oath required under this section. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2565 ; Pub. L. 98–353, title III, §436, July 10, 1984, 98 Stat. 370 ; Pub. L. 99–554, title II, §213, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3099 .)

    This section requires the debtor to appear and submit to examination under oath at the creditors' meeting. It specifies that creditors, any indenture trustee, any trustee or examiner, or the United States trustee may examine the debtor, and the United States trustee may administer the oath.

24. §344 — Self-incrimination; immunity Immunity for persons required to submit to examination, to testify, or to provide information in a case under this title may be granted under part V of title 18. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2565 .)

    This section specifies that immunity for individuals compelled to submit to examination, testify, or provide information in a bankruptcy case under Title 11 can be granted under Part V of Title 18 of the United States Code.

25. §345 — Money of estates

    This section outlines how a trustee in a bankruptcy case may deposit or invest estate money to yield maximum reasonable returns while ensuring safety. It specifies that for deposits or investments not federally insured or guaranteed, the trustee must require a bond or deposit of securities, unless otherwise ordered by the court.

26. §346 — Special provisions related to the treatment of State and local taxes

    This section outlines special provisions for the treatment of State and local taxes in bankruptcy cases, detailing how income, gain, loss, deductions, and credits are handled for both the estate and the debtor, particularly in relation to the Internal Revenue Code. It covers aspects such as taxable estates, accounting methods, tax attribute carryovers, and the non-realization of income from discharge of indebtedness.

27. §347 — Unclaimed property

    This section details the disposition of unclaimed property in bankruptcy cases. It specifies that after 90 days post-final distribution, trustees stop payments on unpaid checks, and remaining estate property is transferred to the court. Additionally, unclaimed securities or money, after a specified period, become the property of the debtor or the entity acquiring assets under a confirmed plan.

28. §348 — Effect of conversion

    This section outlines the effects of converting a bankruptcy case from one chapter to another within Title 11. It clarifies that conversion generally does not change the filing date or order for relief, specifies how certain sections apply after conversion, addresses the treatment of post-petition claims, terminates the service of trustees/examiners upon conversion, and details the composition of the estate’s property when a Chapter 13 case is converted.

29. §349 — Effect of dismissal

    This section outlines the effects of dismissing a bankruptcy case, primarily stipulating that dismissal does not generally bar the discharge of debts in a later case or prejudice the debtor in filing a subsequent petition, with an exception for specific circumstances. It also details the reinstatement of proceedings, avoidance of transfers, voiding of liens, vacation of orders, and revesting of estate property upon dismissal.

30. §350 — Closing and reopening cases

    This section outlines the conditions for closing and reopening bankruptcy cases. Cases are closed after full administration of the estate and discharge of the trustee, and may be reopened to administer assets, provide relief to the debtor, or for other valid reasons.

31. §351 — Disposal of patient records If a health care business commences a case under chapter 7, 9, or 11, and the trustee does not have a sufficient amount of funds to pay for the storage of patient records in the manner required under applicable Federal or State law, the following requirements shall apply:

    This section outlines the requirements for disposing of patient records by a trustee in a health care business bankruptcy case under chapters 7, 9, or 11 when funds for storage are insufficient. It mandates public and direct patient notification, a 365-day claim period, requests to federal agencies for record deposit, and specific destruction methods for unclaimed or undeposited records.

32. §361 — Adequate protection When adequate protection is required under section 362, 363, or 364 of this title of an interest of an entity in property, such adequate protection may be provided by-

    This section defines how 'adequate protection' can be provided for an entity's interest in property when required under other bankruptcy sections. It outlines three methods: cash payments, additional or replacement liens, or other equivalent relief, to compensate for decreases in value due to the automatic stay, use, sale, lease, or grant of a lien.

33. §362 — Automatic stay

    This section establishes the automatic stay that arises upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition, halting various actions against the debtor and their property. It also lists numerous exceptions to this stay, outlining specific circumstances where certain actions, such as criminal proceedings, domestic support collection, or perfection of certain liens, are not stayed.

34. §363 — Use, sale, or lease of property

    This section governs the use, sale, or lease of property of the bankruptcy estate by the trustee, defining 'cash collateral' and setting forth conditions for such actions, including notice and hearing requirements, adequate protection for interests, and rules for selling property free and clear of liens or co-owner interests.

35. §364 — Obtaining credit

    This section details the methods by which a trustee in a bankruptcy case may obtain credit, ranging from unsecured credit in the ordinary course of business to credit secured by senior liens. It also addresses the validity of such debts or liens on appeal and the inapplicability of certain securities laws to these transactions.

36. §365 — Executory contracts and unexpired leases

    This section governs the assumption, rejection, and assignment of executory contracts and unexpired leases in bankruptcy cases. It sets conditions for a trustee to assume such contracts or leases, specifies certain contracts that cannot be assumed, outlines time limits for these actions, and details the rights of parties when a contract or lease is rejected.

37. §366 — Utility service

    This section governs utility service in bankruptcy cases, generally prohibiting utilities from altering or discontinuing service solely due to a bankruptcy filing or unpaid pre-petition debts. It outlines conditions under which utilities can demand adequate assurance of payment for post-petition service, detailing acceptable forms of assurance and procedures for court modification of such requirements.

Chapter 5

1. §501 — Filing of proofs of claims or interests

   This section outlines the procedures for filing proofs of claims or interests in a bankruptcy case, specifying who may file a claim, including creditors, indenture trustees, equity security holders, and entities liable with or secured by the debtor, as well as the debtor or trustee. It also addresses the filing of certain types of claims that arise post-petition and claims for fuel use tax.

2. §502 — Allowance of claims or interests

   This section details the allowance and disallowance of claims or interests in bankruptcy proceedings. It specifies that a claim is deemed allowed unless objected to, and outlines various exceptions and conditions under which a claim may be disallowed, including those related to unmatured interest, taxes, services of insiders, lease terminations, employment contract terminations, late payments, and untimely filings. It also covers the estimation of contingent or unliquidated claims, reconsideration of claims, and the reduction of certain consumer debt claims.

3. §503 — Allowance of administrative expenses

   This section outlines the process for filing and allowing administrative expenses in a bankruptcy case, detailing various categories of allowable expenses such as preservation costs, certain taxes, and professional compensation. It also specifies circumstances under which certain transfers or obligations to insiders will not be allowed or paid.

4. §504 — Sharing of compensation

   This section addresses the disposition of unclaimed property in bankruptcy cases, stating that after 90 days following final distribution, unpaid checks are stopped and remaining estate property is paid into court. It also specifies that unclaimed security, money, or other property at the expiration of a set time becomes the property of the debtor or the entity acquiring assets under a confirmed plan.

5. §505 — Determination of tax liability (a)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the court may determine the amount or legality of any tax, any fine or penalty relating to a tax, or any addition to tax, whether or not previously assessed, whether or not paid, and whether or not contested before and adjudicated by a judicial or administrative tribunal of competent jurisdiction.

   This section grants the bankruptcy court the authority to determine the amount or legality of taxes, fines, or penalties, with certain exceptions, such as previously adjudicated matters or unrequested tax refunds within specific timeframes. It also outlines the process for trustees to request a determination of unpaid tax liability for the estate and the effects of such a determination.

6. §506 — Determination of secured status (a)(1) An allowed claim of a creditor secured by a lien on property in which the estate has an interest, or that is subject to setoff under section 553 of this title, is a secured claim to the extent of the value of such creditor's interest in the estate's interest in such property, or to the extent of the amount subject to setoff, as the case may be, and is an unsecured claim to the extent that the value of such creditor's interest or the amount so subject to setoff is less than the amount of such allowed claim. Such value shall be determined in light of the purpose of the valuation and of the proposed disposition or use of such property, and in conjunction with any hearing on such disposition or use or on a plan affecting such creditor's interest.

   This section defines how the secured status of a creditor's claim is determined in a bankruptcy case, outlining the valuation of collateral, especially for personal property in Chapter 7 or 13 cases. It also addresses the treatment of oversecured claims, recovery of preservation costs by the trustee, and the voiding of liens for disallowed claims.

7. §507 — Priorities

   This section establishes the order of priority for various expenses and claims in a bankruptcy case, including domestic support obligations, administrative expenses, wages, contributions to employee benefit plans, claims of grain producers and fishermen, consumer deposits, and governmental unit taxes. It also details conditions under which certain claims may be granted priority and addresses the impact of adequate protection on secured claims.

8. §508 — Effect of distribution other than under this title If a creditor of a partnership debtor receives, from a general partner that is not a debtor in a case under chapter 7 of this title, payment of, or a transfer of property on account of, a claim that is allowed under this title and that is not secured by a lien on property of such partner, such creditor may not receive any payment under this title on account of such claim until each of the other holders of claims on account of which such holders are entitled to share equally with such creditor under this title has received payment under this title equal in value to the consideration received by such creditor from such general partner. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2585 ; Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §802(d)(7), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 146 .)

   This section addresses creditors of a partnership debtor who receive payment from a general partner outside of a bankruptcy case. Such a creditor may not receive further payments under Title 11 until other creditors, who are equally entitled to share, have received an equivalent payment from the general partner.

9. §509 — Claims of codebtors

   This section details the subrogation rights of an entity liable with a debtor on a claim, specifying the conditions under which such an entity is subrogated to the creditor's rights upon payment and when their claim may be subordinated by the court.

10. §510 — Subordination

    This section governs the subordination of claims and interests in bankruptcy cases, affirming the enforceability of subordination agreements under nonbankruptcy law. It also mandates the subordination of claims related to the purchase or sale of a debtor's security and grants the court equitable power to subordinate claims or interests, or transfer liens, after notice and a hearing.

11. §511 — Rate of interest on tax claims

    This section specifies that the rate of interest on tax claims or administrative expense taxes, or interest needed for present value of a tax claim, is determined by applicable nonbankruptcy law. For taxes paid under a confirmed plan, the interest rate is set as of the calendar month of plan confirmation.

12. §521 — Debtor's duties

    This section comprehensively details the duties of a debtor in bankruptcy, including extensive filing requirements for schedules, statements, and financial information. It also outlines duties regarding secured property, cooperation with trustees, and the consequences of non-compliance, such as dismissal or termination of the automatic stay, and special provisions for tax return filings.

13. §522 — Exemptions

    This section outlines the exemptions available to individual debtors in bankruptcy, allowing them to protect certain assets from the bankruptcy estate. It details federal and state exemption options, specifies types of exempt property including residences, vehicles, household goods, and retirement funds, and provides conditions for avoiding liens and for enforceability of certain debts against exempted property.

14. §523 — Exceptions to discharge

    This section specifies various categories of debts that are excepted from discharge for individual debtors under different chapters of the Bankruptcy Code, including certain taxes, debts incurred through fraud, unlisted debts, domestic support obligations, debts for willful and malicious injury, fines, educational loans, and debts arising from fraud or defalcation related to depository institutions. It also outlines conditions for determining dischargeability and certain exceptions.

15. §524 — Effect of discharge

    This section defines the effect of a bankruptcy discharge, including voiding judgments and imposing injunctions against collection actions, and details the requirements for enforceable reaffirmation agreements between debtors and creditors. It also addresses specific injunctions related to asbestos trusts in reorganization plans and the required disclosures for reaffirmation agreements.

16. §525 — Protection against discriminatory treatment

    This section prohibits governmental units and private employers from discriminating against individuals who are or have been debtors under the Bankruptcy Code or Act, concerning grants, licenses, or employment. It also extends this protection to student loan programs, preventing denial of grants or loans solely due to a person's debtor status.

17. §526 — Restrictions on debt relief agencies

    This section outlines restrictions on debt relief agencies, prohibiting them from making false statements, misrepresenting services, or advising clients to incur debt in contemplation of bankruptcy. It also details the consequences for non-compliance, including void contracts, liability for damages, state enforcement actions, and potential civil penalties, while preserving state laws and court authority regarding legal practice.

18. §527 — Disclosures

    This section imposes restrictions on debt relief agencies, prohibiting deceptive practices, misrepresentations, and advising clients to incur additional debt. It also specifies the unenforceability of waivers, the voidability of non-compliant contracts, and provides for liability, state enforcement actions, and court-imposed civil penalties for violations.

19. §528 — Requirements for debt relief agencies

    This section outlines the requirements for debt relief agencies, including mandates for written contracts with assisted persons, clear disclosure of services and fees, and specific statements that must be included in advertisements for bankruptcy assistance services. It details what constitutes an advertisement directed to the general public and the disclosures required within them.

20. §541 — Property of the estate

    This section defines what constitutes 'property of the estate' in a bankruptcy case, including all legal and equitable interests of the debtor at the commencement of the case, certain community property, recovered property, and property acquired post-petition. It also specifies types of property that are excluded from the estate, such as certain powers of the debtor, interests in terminated leases, educational eligibility, and certain funds in retirement or tuition accounts, and addresses the enforceability of transfer restrictions.

21. §542 — Turnover of property to the estate

    This section mandates the turnover of property and payment of debts to the bankruptcy estate by entities in possession, custody, or control, with specific exceptions. It addresses situations where transfers occur without actual notice of the case, outlines specific provisions for life insurance companies, and empowers the court to order the disclosure of recorded information.

22. §543 — Turnover of property by a custodian

    This section outlines the requirements for a custodian to turn over property of the debtor to the trustee upon knowledge of a bankruptcy case, and to provide an accounting. It details exceptions to these turnover requirements, provisions for protecting entities obligated to the custodian, payment of custodian compensation, and conditions for excusing compliance if it better serves the interests of creditors or to prevent fraud or injustice.

23. §544 — Trustee as lien creditor and as successor to certain creditors and purchasers

    This section outlines the powers of a bankruptcy trustee to act as a lien creditor and successor to certain creditors and purchasers. It details the trustee's ability to avoid transfers of the debtor's property or obligations that are voidable by judicial lien creditors, unsatisfied execution creditors, or bona fide purchasers of real property, and also allows avoidance of transfers voidable by unsecured creditors under applicable law.

24. §545 — Statutory liens The trustee may avoid the fixing of a statutory lien on property of the debtor to the extent that such lien-

    This section specifies the conditions under which a trustee in a bankruptcy case may avoid the fixing of a statutory lien on the debtor's property. These conditions include when the lien becomes effective upon certain events like insolvency or the commencement of a case, when it is not perfected against a bona fide purchaser, or when it is a lien for rent or distress for rent.

25. §546 — Limitations on avoiding powers

    This section establishes various limitations on a bankruptcy trustee's avoiding powers, including time limits for commencing avoidance actions, protections for certain perfected interests in property, and specific rules for sellers reclaiming goods. It also provides exceptions for transfers related to financial transactions like margin payments, repurchase agreements, swap agreements, and master netting agreements, and addresses warehouseman's liens.

26. §547 — Preferences

    This section defines and regulates preferential transfers in bankruptcy, allowing a trustee to avoid certain transfers made by the debtor before filing for bankruptcy to ensure equitable distribution among creditors. It specifies the conditions under which a transfer can be avoided and outlines exceptions for transfers made for new value, in the ordinary course of business, or that create certain security interests, among others.

27. §548 — Fraudulent transfers and obligations (a)(1) The trustee may avoid any transfer (including any transfer to or for the benefit of an insider under an employment contract) of an interest of the debtor in property, or any obligation (including any obligation to or for the benefit of an insider under an employment contract) incurred by the debtor, that was made or incurred on or within 2 years before the date of the filing of the petition, if the debtor voluntarily or involuntarily-

    This section details the trustee's power to avoid fraudulent transfers and obligations made by a debtor within two years before filing for bankruptcy, outlining conditions such as actual intent to defraud or receiving less than reasonably equivalent value. It also specifies exceptions for charitable contributions, provisions for partnership debtors, and the avoidance of transfers to self-settled trusts made with intent to defraud.

28. §549 — Postpetition transactions

    This section grants the trustee the power to avoid unauthorized postpetition transfers of property of the estate, with exceptions for transfers made in an involuntary case for new value and for good faith purchasers of real property without knowledge of the case, provided certain conditions are met. It also establishes a two-year statute of limitations for commencing such avoidance actions.

29. §550 — Liability of transferee of avoided transfer

    This section defines the liability of transferees of avoided transfers in bankruptcy, detailing from whom the trustee may recover the property or its value. It also outlines exceptions for good faith transferees, special rules for insider transfers, and limitations on recovery actions.

30. §551 — Automatic preservation of avoided transfer Any transfer avoided under section 522, 544, 545, 547, 548, 549, or 724(a) of this title, or any lien void under section 506(d) of this title, is preserved for the benefit of the estate but only with respect to property of the estate. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2602 .)

    This section specifies that any transfer avoided under various sections of Title 11 or any lien voided under section 506(d) is automatically preserved for the benefit of the bankruptcy estate, but exclusively with respect to property of the estate.

31. §552 — Postpetition effect of security interest

    This section defines the postpetition effect of a security interest, generally stating that property acquired by the estate or debtor after the commencement of the case is not subject to any lien resulting from prepetition security agreements. It provides exceptions where a security interest extends to proceeds, products, offspring, rents, or other payments arising from property acquired before the case, unless the court orders otherwise based on the equities of the case.

32. §553 — Setoff

    This section defines the conditions under which a creditor may exercise the right of setoff for mutual debts in a bankruptcy case, detailing exceptions when such rights are limited or disallowed. It also specifies the trustee's power to recover certain pre-petition setoffs made within 90 days of filing and establishes a presumption of debtor insolvency during that period.

33. §554 — Abandonment of property of the estate

    This section outlines the process for the abandonment of property of the estate in a bankruptcy case. It details how a trustee may abandon burdensome or inconsequential property, how a party in interest can request abandonment, and the default treatment of scheduled but unadministered property upon case closure, as well as property not abandoned remaining property of the estate.

34. §555 — Contractual right to liquidate, terminate, or accelerate a securities contract The exercise of a contractual right of a stockbroker, financial institution, financial participant, or securities clearing agency to cause the liquidation, termination, or acceleration of a securities contract, as defined in section 741 of this title, because of a condition of the kind specified in section 365(e)(1) of this title shall not be stayed, avoided, or otherwise limited by operation of any provision of this title or by order of a court or administrative agency in any proceeding under this title unless such order is authorized under the provisions of the Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970 or any statute administered by the Securities and Exchange Commission. As used in this section, the term "contractual right" includes a right set forth in a rule or bylaw of a derivatives clearing organization (as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act), a multilateral clearing organization (as defined in the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991), a national securities exchange, a national securities association, a securities clearing agency, a contract market designated under the Commodity Exchange Act, a derivatives transaction execution facility registered under the Commodity Exchange Act, or a board of trade (as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act), or in a resolution of the governing board thereof, and a right, whether or not in writing, arising under common law, under law merchant, or by reason of normal business practice. (Added Pub. L. 97–222, §6(a), July 27, 1982, 96 Stat. 236 ; amended Pub. L. 98–353, title III, §469, July 10, 1984, 98 Stat. 380 ; Pub. L. 103–394, title V, §501(b)(6), (d)(20), Oct. 22, 1994, 108 Stat. 4143 , 4146; Pub. L. 109–8, title IX, §907(g), (o)(7), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 177 , 182.)

    This section protects the contractual right of certain financial entities to liquidate, terminate, or accelerate a securities contract, as defined in section 741, due to a condition specified in section 365(e)(1), from being stayed, avoided, or limited by bankruptcy provisions or court orders, unless otherwise authorized by specific securities acts.

35. §556 — Contractual right to liquidate, terminate, or accelerate a commodities contract or forward contract The contractual right of a commodity broker, financial participant, or forward contract merchant to cause the liquidation, termination, or acceleration of a commodity contract, as defined in section 761 of this title, or forward contract because of a condition of the kind specified in section 365(e)(1) of this title, and the right to a variation or maintenance margin payment received from a trustee with respect to open commodity contracts or forward contracts, shall not be stayed, avoided, or otherwise limited by operation of any provision of this title or by the order of a court in any proceeding under this title. As used in this section, the term "contractual right" includes a right set forth in a rule or bylaw of a derivatives clearing organization (as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act), a multilateral clearing organization (as defined in the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991), a national securities exchange, a national securities association, a securities clearing agency, a contract market designated under the Commodity Exchange Act, a derivatives transaction execution facility registered under the Commodity Exchange Act, or a board of trade (as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act) or in a resolution of the governing board thereof and a right, whether or not evidenced in writing, arising under common law, under law merchant or by reason of normal business practice. (Added Pub. L. 97–222, §6(a), July 27, 1982, 96 Stat. 236 ; amended Pub. L. 101–311, title II, §205, June 25, 1990, 104 Stat. 270 ; Pub. L. 103–394, title V, §501(b)(7), Oct. 22, 1994, 108 Stat. 4143 ; Pub. L. 109–8, title IX, §§907(h), (o)(8), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 178 , 182.)

    This section protects the contractual right of a commodity broker, financial participant, or forward contract merchant to liquidate, terminate, or accelerate a commodity or forward contract due to a specified condition, preventing such actions from being stayed or limited by bankruptcy provisions. It also defines the scope of 'contractual right' to include various clearing organizations and exchanges.

36. §557 — Expedited determination of interests in, and abandonment or other disposition of grain assets

    This section provides for the expedited determination of interests in, and disposition of, grain assets in bankruptcy cases involving grain storage facilities. It outlines specific procedures, definitions, and limitations for such proceedings, including protections against delays due to appeals and cost recovery by the trustee.

37. §558 — Defenses of the estate The estate shall have the benefit of any defense available to the debtor as against any entity other than the estate, including statutes of limitation, statutes of frauds, usury, and other personal defenses. A waiver of any such defense by the debtor after the commencement of the case does not bind the estate. (Added Pub. L. 98–353, title III, §470(a), July 10, 1984, 98 Stat. 380 .)

    This section establishes that a bankruptcy estate inherits all available defenses of the debtor, including statutes of limitation, statutes of frauds, usury, and other personal defenses. Crucially, any waiver of such defenses by the debtor after the commencement of the case does not bind the estate.

38. §559 — Contractual right to liquidate, terminate, or accelerate a repurchase agreement The exercise of a contractual right of a repo participant or financial participant to cause the liquidation, termination, or acceleration of a repurchase agreement because of a condition of the kind specified in section 365(e)(1) of this title shall not be stayed, avoided, or otherwise limited by operation of any provision of this title or by order of a court or administrative agency in any proceeding under this title, unless, where the debtor is a stockbroker or securities clearing agency, such order is authorized under the provisions of the Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970 or any statute administered by the Securities and Exchange Commission. In the event that a repo participant or financial participant liquidates one or more repurchase agreements with a debtor and under the terms of one or more such agreements has agreed to deliver assets subject to repurchase agreements to the debtor, any excess of the market prices received on liquidation of such assets (or if any such assets are not disposed of on the date of liquidation of such repurchase agreements, at the prices available at the time of liquidation of such repurchase agreements from a generally recognized source or the most recent closing bid quotation from such a source) over the sum of the stated repurchase prices and all expenses in connection with the liquidation of such repurchase agreements shall be deemed property of the estate, subject to the available rights of setoff. As used in this section, the term "contractual right" includes a right set forth in a rule or bylaw of a derivatives clearing organization (as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act), a multilateral clearing organization (as defined in the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991), a national securities exchange, a national securities association, a securities clearing agency, a contract market designated under the Commodity Exchange Act, a derivatives transaction execution facility registered under the Commodity Exchange Act, or a board of trade (as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act) or in a resolution of the governing board thereof and a right, whether or not evidenced in writing, arising under common law, under law merchant or by reason of normal business practice. (Added Pub. L. 98–353, title III, §396(a), July 10, 1984, 98 Stat. 366 ; amended Pub. L. 103–394, title V, §501(d)(21), Oct. 22, 1994, 108 Stat. 4146 ; Pub. L. 109–8, title IX, §907(i), (o)(9), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 178 , 182.)

    This section safeguards the contractual rights of repo participants and financial participants to liquidate, terminate, or accelerate repurchase agreements during bankruptcy proceedings, preventing such actions from being stayed or limited. It specifies conditions under which these rights are protected and defines the scope of a "contractual right" within this context.

39. §560 — Contractual right to liquidate, terminate, or accelerate a swap agreement The exercise of any contractual right of any swap participant or financial participant to cause the liquidation, termination, or acceleration of one or more swap agreements because of a condition of the kind specified in section 365(e)(1) of this title or to offset or net out any termination values or payment amounts arising under or in connection with the termination, liquidation, or acceleration of one or more swap agreements shall not be stayed, avoided, or otherwise limited by operation of any provision of this title or by order of a court or administrative agency in any proceeding under this title. As used in this section, the term "contractual right" includes a right set forth in a rule or bylaw of a derivatives clearing organization (as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act), a multilateral clearing organization (as defined in the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991), a national securities exchange, a national securities association, a securities clearing agency, a contract market designated under the Commodity Exchange Act, a derivatives transaction execution facility registered under the Commodity Exchange Act, or a board of trade (as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act) or in a resolution of the governing board thereof and a right, whether or not evidenced in writing, arising under common law, under law merchant, or by reason of normal business practice. (Added Pub. L. 101–311, title I, §106(a), June 25, 1990, 104 Stat. 268 ; amended Pub. L. 109–8, title IX, §907(j), (o)(10), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 178 , 182.)

    This section protects the contractual rights of swap participants and financial participants to liquidate, terminate, or accelerate swap agreements, and to offset termination values, preventing these actions from being stayed or limited during bankruptcy proceedings. It broadly defines "contractual right" to include those established by various financial regulations, common law, and normal business practices.

40. §561 — Contractual right to terminate, liquidate, accelerate, or offset under a master netting agreement and across contracts; proceedings under chapter 15

    This section protects the contractual right to terminate, liquidate, accelerate, or offset financial obligations under master netting agreements and across various types of contracts (securities, commodities, forward, repurchase, and swap agreements) from being stayed or limited in bankruptcy proceedings, including those under chapter 15. It also provides specific rules for commodity brokers and defines "contractual right."

41. §562 — Timing of damage measurement in connection with swap agreements, securities contracts, forward contracts, commodity contracts, repurchase agreements, and master netting agreements

    This section establishes the timing for measuring damages related to various financial contracts—including swap agreements, securities contracts, and repurchase agreements—when they are rejected by a trustee or liquidated, terminated, or accelerated by a participant. It specifies that damages are measured at the earliest commercially reasonable date and assigns the burden of proof for the absence of such determinants.

Chapter 7

1. §701 — Interim trustee (a)(1) Promptly after the order for relief under this chapter, the United States trustee shall appoint one disinterested person that is a member of the panel of private trustees established under section 586(a)(1) of title 28 or that is serving as trustee in the case immediately before the order for relief under this chapter to serve as interim trustee in the case.

   This section details the appointment and role of an interim trustee in a bankruptcy case under Chapter 7, specifying that the United States trustee appoints a disinterested person or serves as one if no panel member is willing. It also defines the conditions for the termination of the interim trustee's service upon the qualification of a permanent trustee.

2. §702 — Election of trustee

   This section outlines the process for the election of a trustee in a bankruptcy case, specifying the eligibility criteria for creditors to vote, the thresholds for requesting and electing a trustee, and the role of an interim trustee if no election occurs. It details that only creditors with allowed, undisputed, fixed, liquidated, unsecured claims, without materially adverse interests and not insiders, may vote.

3. §703 — Successor trustee

   This section outlines the procedures for appointing a successor trustee in a bankruptcy case when a trustee dies, resigns, fails to qualify, or is removed. It specifies how creditors may elect a successor, and if they do not, the role of the United States trustee in appointing one or serving themselves.

4. §704 — Duties of trustee

   This section outlines the comprehensive duties of a trustee in bankruptcy cases, including collecting estate property, investigating financial affairs, examining claims, and providing information to parties in interest. It also details specific responsibilities concerning individual debtors regarding the presumption of abuse and for cases involving domestic support obligations, including providing notice to relevant parties.

5. §705 — Creditors' committee

   This section outlines the formation and functions of a creditors' committee in a bankruptcy case. It specifies that creditors with allowable unsecured claims may elect a committee of 3 to 11 members, which can consult with the trustee and make recommendations regarding estate administration.

6. §706 — Conversion

   This section outlines the rules for converting a bankruptcy case from Chapter 7 to Chapter 11, 12, or 13. It details the debtor's right to convert, the court's power to convert upon request, and limitations based on the debtor's eligibility for the target chapter.

7. §707 — Dismissal of a case or conversion to a case under chapter 11 or 13

   This section details the conditions and procedures for dismissing a Chapter 7 bankruptcy case or converting it to Chapter 11 or 13. It outlines grounds for dismissal due to debtor's unreasonable delay, nonpayment of fees, or failure to file required information, and establishes a 'means test' to determine abuse for individual debtors with primarily consumer debts, including specific exceptions for veterans and rules for attorney certifications.

8. §721 — Authorization to operate business The court may authorize the trustee to operate the business of the debtor for a limited period, if such operation is in the best interest of the estate and consistent with the orderly liquidation of the estate. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2606 .)

   This section permits the court to authorize a trustee to operate the debtor's business for a limited period, provided it is in the best interest of the estate and aligns with the estate's orderly liquidation.

9. §722 — Redemption An individual debtor may, whether or not the debtor has waived the right to redeem under this section, redeem tangible personal property intended primarily for personal, family, or household use, from a lien securing a dischargeable consumer debt, if such property is exempted under section 522 of this title or has been abandoned under section 554 of this title, by paying the holder of such lien the amount of the allowed secured claim of such holder that is secured by such lien in full at the time of redemption. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2606 ; Pub. L. 109–8, title III, §304(2), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 79 .)

   This section permits an individual debtor to redeem tangible personal property intended for personal, family, or household use from a lien securing a dischargeable consumer debt. This right applies if the property is exempted or abandoned, and redemption is effected by paying the full amount of the allowed secured claim to the lienholder at the time of redemption.

10. §723 — Rights of partnership trustee against general partners

    This section outlines the rights of a partnership trustee against general partners in a bankruptcy case, allowing the trustee to claim against general partners for any deficiency in the estate's property. It also details the process for recovering such deficiencies, the trustee's claim against the estates of general partners who are also debtors, and the equitable distribution of any surplus recovered from general partners.

11. §724 — Treatment of certain liens

    This section outlines the treatment of certain liens in bankruptcy proceedings, detailing when a trustee may avoid liens and establishing a specific distribution order for property subject to non-avoidable liens, particularly tax liens. It also addresses the subordination of tax liens and outlines conditions for payment of certain priority claims from property securing a tax lien.

12. §725 — Disposition of certain property After the commencement of a case under this chapter, but before final distribution of property of the estate under section 726 of this title, the trustee, after notice and a hearing, shall dispose of any property in which an entity other than the estate has an interest, such as a lien, and that has not been disposed of under another section of this title. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2607 ; Pub. L. 98–353, title III, §478, July 10, 1984, 98 Stat. 381 .)

    This section mandates that, after a bankruptcy case begins but before final distribution, the trustee must dispose of any property in which an entity other than the estate holds an interest, such as a lien, provided it has not already been handled under another section of this title, following notice and a hearing.

13. §726 — Distribution of property of the estate

    This section outlines the order and manner of distribution of property of the estate in a Chapter 7 bankruptcy case, specifying the priority of various claims including administrative expenses, unsecured claims, fines, and interest. It also addresses pro rata payments for certain claims and special distribution rules for community property.

14. §727 — Discharge

    This section outlines the conditions under which a debtor may be granted or denied a discharge in bankruptcy, detailing specific actions that preclude discharge, such as fraudulent transfers, concealment of financial information, or failure to obey court orders. It also addresses the process for objecting to or revoking a discharge.

15. §741 — Definitions for this subchapter In this subchapter-

    This section provides definitions specifically for a subchapter, detailing key terms such as "Commission," "customer" (including various ways an entity can have claims against a stockbroker), "customer name security," "customer property," "margin payment," "net equity," and an extensive definition of "securities contract." It also defines "settlement payment" and "SIPC."

16. §742 — Effect of section 362 of this title in this subchapter Notwithstanding section 362 of this title, SIPC may file an application for a protective decree under the Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970. The filing of such application stays all proceedings in the case under this title unless and until such application is dismissed. If SIPC completes the liquidation of the debtor, then the court shall dismiss the case. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2613 ; Pub. L. 97–222, §9, July 27, 1982, 96 Stat. 237 ; Pub. L. 103–394, title V, §501(d)(26), Oct. 22, 1994, 108 Stat. 4146 .)

    This section clarifies that despite the automatic stay provisions of section 362, the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC) can file for a protective decree under the Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970. Such a filing stays all bankruptcy proceedings until it is dismissed, and if SIPC completes the debtor's liquidation, the bankruptcy case shall be dismissed by the court.

17. §743 — Notice The clerk shall give the notice required by section 342 of this title to SIPC and to the Commission. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2613 ; Pub. L. 99–554, title II, §283(t), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3118 ; Pub. L. 103–394, title V, §501(d)(27), Oct. 22, 1994, 108 Stat. 4146 .)

    This section mandates that the clerk provide the notice required by section 342 of this title to SIPC (Securities Investor Protection Corporation) and the Commission (likely the Securities and Exchange Commission).

18. §744 — Executory contracts Notwithstanding section 365(d)(1) of this title, the trustee shall assume or reject, under section 365 of this title, any executory contract of the debtor for the purchase or sale of a security in the ordinary course of the debtor's business, within a reasonable time after the date of the order for relief, but not to exceed 30 days. If the trustee does not assume such a contract within such time, such contract is rejected. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2613 ; Pub. L. 97–222, §10, July 27, 1982, 96 Stat. 238 .)

    This section dictates that a trustee must assume or reject executory contracts for the purchase or sale of securities in the ordinary course of the debtor's business within a reasonable time, not exceeding 30 days, after the order for relief, notwithstanding section 365(d)(1). Failure to do so results in rejection of the contract.

19. §745 — Treatment of accounts

    This section specifies how different types of accounts held by a debtor are to be treated in bankruptcy, ensuring that accounts held for a customer in separate capacities, customer net equity claims originating from a stockbroker or bank for their customers, and properly established trustee accounts for each beneficiary are all treated as separate customer accounts.

20. §746 — Extent of customer claims

    This section defines the extent of customer claims in bankruptcy, treating entities as customers even for post-petition transactions if done in good faith before a trustee qualifies. It also specifies that an entity does not have a customer claim if its transferred cash or security constitutes part of the debtor's capital or is subordinated to other creditors' claims.

21. §747 — Subordination of certain customer claims Except as provided in section 510 of this title, unless all other customer net equity claims have been paid in full, the trustee may not pay in full or pay in part, directly or indirectly, any net equity claim of a customer that was, on the date the transaction giving rise to such claim occurred-

    This section dictates that, with the exception of provisions in section 510 and unless all other customer net equity claims are fully settled, the trustee is prohibited from fully or partially paying any net equity claim of a customer who, at the time of the transaction, was an insider, a significant beneficial owner of equity securities, a limited partner with substantial participation, or an entity exercising control over the debtor.

22. §748 — Reduction of securities to money As soon as practicable after the date of the order for relief, the trustee shall reduce to money, consistent with good market practice, all securities held as property of the estate, except for customer name securities delivered or reclaimed under section 751 of this title. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2614 .)

    This section mandates that, following an order for relief, a trustee must promptly convert all estate-held securities into money, adhering to sound market practices, with the exception of customer name securities that have been delivered or reclaimed as per section 751.

23. §749 — Voidable transfers

    This section addresses voidable transfers in bankruptcy, allowing the trustee to avoid transfers of property that would otherwise be customer property under certain conditions, and treat such property as customer property. It also specifies exceptions where transfers approved by the Commission, related to securities contracts, cannot be avoided, even if made shortly after the order for relief.

24. §750 — Distribution of securities The trustee may not distribute a security except under section 751 of this title. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2614 .)

    This section states that a trustee is prohibited from distributing a security unless such distribution is carried out in accordance with the provisions of section 751 of this title.

25. §751 — Customer name securities The trustee shall deliver any customer name security to or on behalf of the customer entitled to such security, unless such customer has a negative net equity. With the approval of the trustee, a customer may reclaim a customer name security after payment to the trustee, within such period as the trustee allows, of any claim of the debtor against such customer to the extent that such customer will not have a negative net equity after such payment. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2614 .)

    This section outlines the trustee's responsibility to deliver customer name securities to entitled customers, unless the customer has a negative net equity. It also details the conditions under which a customer may reclaim such securities, including payment of any debtor claims to avoid negative net equity.

26. §752 — Customer property

    This section outlines the trustee's duties for distributing customer property, prioritizing net equity claims, detailing the treatment of excess property under section 726, and addressing unpaid customer claims and the apportionment of residual assets from liquidated security interests.

27. §753 — Stockbroker liquidation and forward contract merchants, commodity brokers, stockbrokers, financial institutions, financial participants, securities clearing agencies, swap participants, repo participants, and master netting agreement participants Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the exercise of rights by a forward contract merchant, commodity broker, stockbroker, financial institution, financial participant, securities clearing agency, swap participant, repo participant, or master netting agreement participant under this title shall not affect the priority of any unsecured claim it may have after the exercise of such rights. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title IX, §907(m), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 181 .)

    This section clarifies that the exercise of rights by various financial market participants, including stockbrokers, financial institutions, and swap participants, under Title 11 does not alter the priority of any unsecured claims they may have subsequent to exercising those rights.

28. §761 — Definitions for this subchapter In this subchapter-

    This section provides a comprehensive list of definitions pertinent to this subchapter, including terms such as 'Act', 'clearing organization', 'Commission', 'commodity contract', 'customer', 'customer property', 'foreign future', 'leverage transaction', 'margin payment', 'member property', and 'net equity', along with specific conditions and inclusions for each term.

29. §762 — Notice to the Commission and right to be heard

    This section mandates the clerk to notify the Commission as required by section 342 and grants the Commission the right to raise issues, appear, and be heard in cases under this chapter.

30. §763 — Treatment of accounts

    This section specifies that accounts held by a debtor for a customer in separate capacities are to be treated as accounts of separate customers, clarifies that a clearing organization member's proprietary account is separate from customer accounts, and prohibits offsetting net equity between different customer accounts.

31. §764 — Voidable transfers

    This section details the trustee's power to avoid transfers of property that would otherwise be customer property under specific bankruptcy code sections, treating such property as customer property. It also outlines exceptions where such transfers, particularly those involving commodity contracts approved by the Commission, cannot be avoided within seven days after the order for relief.

32. §765 — Customer instructions

    This section mandates that notice to customers under section 342 must instruct them to file claims promptly, specify identifiable securities or contracts, and inform the trustee of their desired disposition for identified commodity contracts. The trustee is then required to comply with these instructions where practicable, transmitting them to the relevant commodity broker if the contract has been transferred.

33. §766 — Treatment of customer property

    This section details the comprehensive treatment of customer property in commodity broker liquidations, outlining the trustee's duties regarding margin calls, handling open commodity contracts, returning or transferring specifically identifiable property, liquidating contracts, and distributing customer property ratably based on net equity claims, with specific provisions for clearing organizations.

34. §767 — Commodity broker liquidation and forward contract merchants, commodity brokers, stockbrokers, financial institutions, financial participants, securities clearing agencies, swap participants, repo participants, and master netting agreement participants Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the exercise of rights by a forward contract merchant, commodity broker, stockbroker, financial institution, financial participant, securities clearing agency, swap participant, repo participant, or master netting agreement participant under this title shall not affect the priority of any unsecured claim it may have after the exercise of such rights. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title IX, §907(l), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 181 .)

    This section specifies that the exercise of rights by various financial market participants in a commodity broker liquidation under this title will not alter the priority of any unsecured claims they hold after such exercise. It was added by Public Law 109-8.

35. §781 — Definitions For purposes of this subchapter, the following definitions shall apply:

    This section provides definitions for terms used within this subchapter, specifically defining 'Board' as the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 'depository institution' by reference to the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, and 'clearing bank' by reference to uninsured State member banks or corporations under the Federal Reserve Act operating as multilateral clearing organizations.

36. §782 — Selection of trustee

    This section outlines the selection process for a trustee, stating that the conservator or receiver who files the petition shall be the trustee unless the Board designates an alternative. It also grants the Board the authority to designate a successor trustee and specifies that chapter 3 and sections 704 and 705 of this title apply to the Board in the same manner as they apply to a United States trustee.

37. §783 — Additional powers of trustee

    This section outlines the additional powers of a trustee, including the authority to distribute property not belonging to the estate and to dispose of a clearing bank through sale, merger, or transfer of contracts, assets, or liabilities to a depository institution or bridge depository institution.

38. §784 — Right to be heard The Board or a Federal reserve bank (in the case of a clearing bank that is a member of that bank) may raise and may appear and be heard on any issue in a case under this subchapter. (Added Pub. L. 106–554, §1(a)(5) [title I, §112(c)(5)(B)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763 , 2763A-395.)

    This section grants the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or a Federal Reserve bank the right to raise, appear, and be heard on any issue in a case under this subchapter, specifically when it involves a clearing bank that is a member of that bank.

Chapter 9

1. §901 — Applicability of other sections of this title

   This section specifies the applicability of numerous other sections of Title 11 in cases under Chapter 9, clarifies how terms defined in those sections are to be interpreted, and states that operative sections related to debtor business operations remain operative in Chapter 9 cases.

2. §902 — Definitions for this chapter In this chapter-

   This section provides definitions for key terms used within Chapter 9 of Title 11, including 'property of the estate,' 'special revenues' (with detailed examples), 'special tax payer,' 'special tax payer affected by the plan,' and 'trustee,' specifying their meanings in the context of municipal bankruptcy.

3. §903 — Reservation of State power to control municipalities This chapter does not limit or impair the power of a State to control, by legislation or otherwise, a municipality of or in such State in the exercise of the political or governmental powers of such municipality, including expenditures for such exercise, but-

   This section clarifies that Chapter 9 does not limit a State's power to control its municipalities' political or governmental functions, but it specifies that state laws or judgments regarding municipal debt composition cannot bind non-consenting creditors.

4. §904 — Limitation on jurisdiction and powers of court Notwithstanding any power of the court, unless the debtor consents or the plan so provides, the court may not, by any stay, order, or decree, in the case or otherwise, interfere with-

   This section outlines limitations on the court's jurisdiction and powers in bankruptcy cases, specifically preventing interference with a debtor's political/governmental powers, property or revenues, or use of income-producing property, unless the debtor consents or the plan provides otherwise.

5. §921 — Petition and proceedings relating to petition

   This section details the petition and related proceedings for commencing a bankruptcy case under Chapter 9 for unincorporated tax or special assessment districts, including who can file, judge designation, grounds for dismissal, and the impact of appeals on case progression and debt validity.

6. §922 — Automatic stay of enforcement of claims against the debtor

   This section outlines the automatic stay initiated by a Chapter 9 bankruptcy petition, which supplements the general stay of section 362 to include actions against the debtor's officers/inhabitants and enforcement of tax liens. It also details the applicability of section 362 subsections, provisions for adequate protection claims as administrative expenses, and an exception for pledged special revenues.

7. §923 — Notice There shall be given notice of the commencement of a case under this chapter, notice of an order for relief under this chapter, and notice of the dismissal of a case under this chapter. Such notice shall also be published at least once a week for three successive weeks in at least one newspaper of general circulation published within the district in which the case is commenced, and in such other newspaper having a general circulation among bond dealers and bondholders as the court designates. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2623 .)

   This section mandates the provision of notice for the commencement, order for relief, and dismissal of a case under this chapter. It further requires that such notice be published weekly for three consecutive weeks in a general circulation newspaper within the district, and in any other newspaper designated by the court for bond dealers and bondholders.

8. §924 — List of creditors The debtor shall file a list of creditors. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2623 .)

   This section mandates that a debtor in a bankruptcy case must file a comprehensive list of their creditors.

9. §925 — Effect of list of claims A proof of claim is deemed filed under section 501 of this title for any claim that appears in the list filed under section 924 of this title, except a claim that is listed as disputed, contingent, or unliquidated. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2623 .)

   This section specifies that a claim appearing on the list filed under section 924 is considered filed under section 501, unless it is designated as disputed, contingent, or unliquidated.

10. §926 — Avoiding powers

    This section addresses avoiding powers in bankruptcy, allowing for the appointment of a trustee to pursue certain causes of action if the debtor refuses, and specifically exempting transfers to bond or note holders from avoidance under section 547.

11. §927 — Limitation on recourse The holder of a claim payable solely from special revenues of the debtor under applicable nonbankruptcy law shall not be treated as having recourse against the debtor on account of such claim pursuant to section 1111(b) of this title. (Added Pub. L. 100–597, §7(2), Nov. 3, 1988, 102 Stat. 3029 .)

    This section specifies that a claim payable exclusively from the debtor's special revenues under nonbankruptcy law does not grant recourse against the debtor, as per section 1111(b) of this title.

12. §928 — Post petition effect of security interest

    This section specifies that security interests in special revenues acquired by a debtor after the commencement of a bankruptcy case remain valid, despite section 552(a), and such liens are subordinate to the necessary operating expenses of the project or system from which the revenues are derived.

13. §929 — Municipal leases A lease to a municipality shall not be treated as an executory contract or unexpired lease for the purposes of section 365 or 502(b)(6) of this title solely by reason of its being subject to termination in the event the debtor fails to appropriate rent. (Added Pub. L. 100–597, §9, Nov. 3, 1988, 102 Stat. 3030 .)

    This section clarifies that a lease to a municipality is not treated as an executory contract or unexpired lease for the purposes of sections 365 or 502(b)(6) of this title simply because it is subject to termination due to the debtor's failure to appropriate rent.

14. §930 — Dismissal

    This section outlines the conditions under which a Chapter 9 bankruptcy case may be dismissed, including lack of prosecution, unreasonable delay by the debtor, failure to propose or confirm a plan, and material default or termination of a confirmed plan. It also mandates dismissal if plan confirmation is refused.

15. §941 — Filing of plan The debtor shall file a plan for the adjustment of the debtor's debts. If such a plan is not filed with the petition, the debtor shall file such a plan at such later time as the court fixes. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2624 .)

    This section mandates that a debtor file a plan for the adjustment of their debts, either concurrently with the petition or by a court-determined later date.

16. §942 — Modification of plan The debtor may modify the plan at any time before confirmation, but may not modify the plan so that the plan as modified fails to meet the requirements of this chapter. After the debtor files a modification, the plan as modified becomes the plan. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2624 .)

    This section permits a debtor to modify their plan at any time before confirmation, provided the modified plan continues to meet the requirements of the chapter. Upon filing, the modified plan replaces the original.

17. §943 — Confirmation

    This section outlines the process for confirming a plan in a Chapter 9 bankruptcy case, including the right of a special taxpayer to object and the seven specific criteria the court must consider, such as compliance with applicable law, disclosure of payments, regulatory approvals, and the plan's feasibility and best interests for creditors.

18. §944 — Effect of confirmation

    This section details the effect of a confirmed Chapter 9 bankruptcy plan, stating that it binds all parties regardless of claim filing or acceptance. It also specifies the conditions for the debtor's discharge from debts, with exceptions for debts excluded by the plan or owed to entities without notice or knowledge of the case.

19. §945 — Continuing jurisdiction and closing of the case

    This section outlines the court's continuing jurisdiction in a Chapter 9 bankruptcy case, allowing retention for successful plan implementation, and mandates closing the case once administration is complete, unless jurisdiction is retained.

20. §946 — Effect of exchange of securities before the date of the filing of the petition The exchange of a new security under the plan for a claim covered by the plan, whether such exchange occurred before or after the date of the filing of the petition, does not limit or impair the effectiveness of the plan or of any provision of this chapter. The amount and number specified in section 1126(c) of this title include the amount and number of claims formerly held by a creditor that has participated in any such exchange. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2625 .)

    This section clarifies that the exchange of new securities for claims, even if occurring before the bankruptcy petition filing, does not diminish the effectiveness of the Chapter 9 plan. It also specifies that the calculation of claims under section 1126(c) includes those from creditors who participated in such exchanges.

Chapter 11

1. §1101 — Definitions for this chapter In this chapter-

   This section provides definitions specific to Chapter 11 of Title 11, defining 'debtor in possession' in relation to a trustee and outlining the three components that constitute 'substantial consummation' of a plan.

2. §1102 — Creditors' and equity security holders' committees (a)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (3), as soon as practicable after the order for relief under chapter 11 of this title, the United States trustee shall appoint a committee of creditors holding unsecured claims and may appoint additional committees of creditors or of equity security holders as the United States trustee deems appropriate.

   This section outlines the process for the appointment and composition of creditors' and equity security holders' committees in Chapter 11 bankruptcy cases, detailing the role of the United States trustee and the court, and specifying committee responsibilities regarding information access and communication with creditors.

3. §1103 — Powers and duties of committees

   This section outlines the powers and duties of creditors' or other appointed committees in a bankruptcy case under Title 11, including the ability to employ professionals, consult with the trustee or debtor, investigate the debtor's affairs, participate in plan formulation, and request the appointment of a trustee or examiner.

4. §1104 — Appointment of trustee or examiner

   This section details the conditions and procedures for the appointment of a trustee or an examiner in a Chapter 11 bankruptcy case. It specifies when a trustee must or may be appointed for cause or in the interest of the estate, outlines the election process for a trustee, and sets criteria for appointing an examiner to investigate the debtor's affairs.

5. §1105 — Termination of trustee's appointment At any time before confirmation of a plan, on request of a party in interest or the United States trustee, and after notice and a hearing, the court may terminate the trustee's appointment and restore the debtor to possession and management of the property of the estate and of the operation of the debtor's business. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2628 ; Pub. L. 98–353, title III, §501, July 10, 1984, 98 Stat. 384 ; Pub. L. 99–554, title II, §223, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3102 .)

   This section outlines the conditions under which a court may terminate the appointment of a trustee in a bankruptcy case. Specifically, before the confirmation of a plan, the court can restore the debtor to control of their estate and business operations upon request from a party in interest or the United States trustee, after providing notice and a hearing.

6. §1106 — Duties of trustee and examiner

   This section details the duties of a trustee and examiner in a bankruptcy case, including investigating the debtor's affairs, filing necessary documents, formulating plans, and providing specific notices related to domestic support obligations. It outlines the scope of their responsibilities and how they interact with other parts of the Bankruptcy Code.

7. §1107 — Rights, powers, and duties of debtor in possession

   This section defines the rights, powers, and duties of a debtor in possession in a Chapter 11 bankruptcy case, granting them most of the powers and responsibilities of a trustee, with certain exceptions. It also clarifies that prior employment or representation of the debtor does not disqualify a person from being employed by the debtor in possession.

8. §1108 — Authorization to operate business Unless the court, on request of a party in interest and after notice and a hearing, orders otherwise, the trustee may operate the debtor's business. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2629 ; Pub. L. 98–353, title III, §504, July 10, 1984, 98 Stat. 384 .)

   This section states that a trustee in a bankruptcy case is authorized to operate the debtor's business, unless the court, upon request of a party in interest and after notice and a hearing, orders otherwise.

9. §1109 — Right to be heard

   This section outlines the right to be heard in a bankruptcy case, specifying that the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and various parties in interest may appear, and a future amendment extends this right to the Comptroller of the Currency or State payment stablecoin regulator in cases involving payment stablecoin issuers. The SEC is explicitly prohibited from appealing any judgment, order, or decree.

10. §1110 — Aircraft equipment and vessels (a)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) and subject to subsection (b), the right of a secured party with a security interest in equipment described in paragraph (3), or of a lessor or conditional vendor of such equipment, to take possession of such equipment in compliance with a security agreement, lease, or conditional sale contract, and to enforce any of its other rights or remedies, under such security agreement, lease, or conditional sale contract, to sell, lease, or otherwise retain or dispose of such equipment, is not limited or otherwise affected by any other provision of this title or by any power of the court.

    This section addresses the rights of secured parties, lessors, or conditional vendors regarding aircraft equipment and vessels in bankruptcy cases, clarifying when their right to repossess such equipment is not limited by the automatic stay. It specifies conditions, including trustee's agreement and cure periods for defaults, and defines applicable equipment.

11. §1111 — Claims and interests

    This section specifies how claims and interests are deemed filed in a Chapter 11 bankruptcy case, particularly addressing claims secured by a lien on estate property. It outlines conditions under which such claims are allowed and how a class of claims may elect special treatment regarding recourse against the debtor.

12. §1112 — Conversion or dismissal

    This section outlines the detailed procedures and conditions for converting or dismissing a Chapter 11 bankruptcy case, including the debtor's right to convert, the court's power to convert or dismiss for cause (with a comprehensive list of what constitutes 'cause'), and specific restrictions related to certain types of debtors or conversions to other chapters.

13. §1113 — Rejection of collective bargaining agreements

    This section details the specific procedures and conditions under which a debtor in possession or trustee may assume or reject a collective bargaining agreement in a bankruptcy case. It outlines requirements for proposing modifications, good faith negotiation, court approval criteria, hearing schedules, and the ability to implement interim changes to avoid irreparable damage to the estate.

14. §1114 — Payment of insurance benefits to retired employees

    This section governs the payment and modification of retiree benefits in bankruptcy cases, outlining the definition of 'retiree benefits' and 'authorized representative,' and establishing procedures for the debtor or trustee to propose and the court to approve modifications to these benefits. It also specifies rules for interim changes, non-deduction of benefits, and the inapplicability to certain high-income retirees.

15. §1115 — Property of the estate

    This section defines the 'property of the estate' for individual debtors in Chapter 11 cases, including property and earnings acquired after the case commences but before it closes, dismisses, or converts. It also establishes that the debtor generally retains possession of estate property unless otherwise provided by section 1104 or a confirmed plan.

16. §1116 — Duties of trustee or debtor in possession in small business cases In a small business case, a trustee or the debtor in possession, in addition to the duties provided in this title and as otherwise required by law, shall-

    This section outlines the specific duties of a trustee or debtor in possession in a small business bankruptcy case, including filing financial statements and tax returns, attending meetings, timely filing schedules, submitting postpetition reports, maintaining insurance, paying taxes, and allowing inspection of business records.

17. §1121 — Who may file a plan

    This section details who is eligible to file a bankruptcy plan under Chapter 11, establishing initial exclusive periods for the debtor to file a plan, and outlining conditions under which other parties in interest may propose a plan. It also specifies rules and timelines for plan filing in small business cases.

18. §1122 — Classification of claims or interests

    This section dictates the classification of claims and interests in a bankruptcy plan, requiring that claims or interests within a class be substantially similar. It also permits the designation of a separate class for small unsecured claims for administrative convenience.

19. §1123 — Contents of plan

    This section outlines the mandatory and optional contents of a plan in a Chapter 11 bankruptcy case. It specifies how claims and interests must be classified and treated, details various means for plan implementation, and includes provisions regarding nonvoting equity securities and payment from an individual debtor's future income. It also addresses the ability to impair claims, assume/reject contracts, sell property, and modify secured claims.

20. §1124 — Impairment of claims or interests Except as provided in section 1123(a)(4) of this title, a class of claims or interests is impaired under a plan unless, with respect to each claim or interest of such class, the plan-

    This section defines when a class of claims or interests is considered 'impaired' under a bankruptcy plan. A class is unimpaired if the plan either leaves its legal, equitable, and contractual rights unaltered, or cures defaults, reinstates maturity, and compensates for related damages without otherwise changing those rights.

21. §1125 — Postpetition disclosure and solicitation

    This section defines 'adequate information' for disclosure statements and sets rules for soliciting acceptances or rejections of a plan in bankruptcy cases, including provisions for small business cases and good faith solicitations. It also clarifies that nonbankruptcy law does not govern whether a disclosure statement contains adequate information, but agencies may be heard on the issue.

22. §1126 — Acceptance of plan

    This section details the procedures and requirements for the acceptance of a plan in a Chapter 11 bankruptcy case. It specifies who can accept or reject a plan, the conditions under which pre-petition acceptances or rejections are deemed valid, and the voting thresholds for classes of claims and interests to accept a plan. It also addresses circumstances where acceptance is conclusively presumed or deemed not to have occurred.

23. §1127 — Modification of plan

    This section outlines the conditions and procedures for modifying a bankruptcy plan both before and after confirmation, ensuring that any modifications still meet the requirements of Chapter 11. It also addresses how modifications affect claim or interest holders and provides specific provisions for modifying plans for individual debtors.

24. §1128 — Confirmation hearing

    This section mandates that a court hold a hearing to confirm a bankruptcy plan after proper notice has been given, and it allows any party in interest to object to the plan's confirmation.

25. §1129 — Confirmation of plan

    This section outlines the extensive requirements for a bankruptcy court to confirm a plan under Chapter 11, including compliance with title provisions, good faith proposal, disclosure of management, regulatory approvals, treatment of impaired and unimpaired classes of claims, payment of fees, and specific conditions for individual debtors and small business cases.

26. §1141 — Effect of confirmation

    This section details the effect of a confirmed Chapter 11 bankruptcy plan, outlining how it binds debtors and other entities, vests estate property in the debtor, and discharges debts incurred before confirmation. It also specifies exceptions to discharge for individuals and corporations, as well as provisions for waiver of discharge and completion of payments.

27. §1142 — Implementation of plan

    This section outlines the requirements for implementing a confirmed bankruptcy plan, mandating the debtor and any related entity to execute the plan and comply with court orders, irrespective of nonbankruptcy laws. The court can also direct parties to perform acts, such as lien satisfaction, necessary to consummate the plan.

28. §1143 — Distribution If a plan requires presentment or surrender of a security or the performance of any other act as a condition to participation in distribution under the plan, such action shall be taken not later than five years after the date of the entry of the order of confirmation. Any entity that has not within such time presented or surrendered such entity's security or taken any such other action that the plan requires may not participate in distribution under the plan. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2639 .)

    This section establishes a five-year deadline from the order of confirmation for entities to present or surrender securities or perform other required acts to participate in a bankruptcy plan's distribution. Failure to comply within this timeframe results in forfeiture of the right to participate in the distribution.

29. §1144 — Revocation of an order of confirmation On request of a party in interest at any time before 180 days after the date of the entry of the order of confirmation, and after notice and a hearing, the court may revoke such order if and only if such order was procured by fraud. An order under this section revoking an order of confirmation shall-

    This section permits the revocation of an order of confirmation in a bankruptcy case if procured by fraud, provided a party in interest requests it within 180 days of the order, after notice and a hearing. Such a revocation order must protect entities who relied in good faith on the confirmation order and will also revoke the debtor's discharge.

30. §1145 — Exemption from securities laws

    This section provides exemptions from securities registration requirements for certain offers and sales of securities under a bankruptcy plan, or by specific non-debtor entities, to facilitate reorganization. It also defines who qualifies as an 'underwriter' in this context, clarifies when a transaction is deemed a public offering, and exempts some notes from the Trust Indenture Act.

31. §1146 — Special tax provisions

    This section provides special tax provisions for bankruptcy plans, exempting the issuance or transfer of securities under a confirmed plan from stamp or similar taxes. It also allows the court to authorize a plan proponent to seek a legal determination of the tax effects of the plan from governmental units, with a mechanism for court declaration in actual controversies.

32. §1161 — Inapplicability of other sections Sections 341, 343, 1102(a)(1), 1104, 1105, 1107, 1129(a)(7), and 1129(c) of this title do not apply in a case concerning a railroad. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2641 .)

    This section specifies that certain provisions of Title 11, including sections 341, 343, 1102(a)(1), 1104, 1105, 1107, 1129(a)(7), and 1129(c), are not applicable in bankruptcy cases involving railroads.

33. §1162 — Definition In this subchapter, "Board" means the "Surface Transportation Board". (Added Pub. L. 104–88, title III, §302(1), Dec. 29, 1995, 109 Stat. 943 .)

    This section defines the term "Board" specifically for its subchapter as the "Surface Transportation Board."

34. §1163 — Appointment of trustee As soon as practicable after the order for relief the Secretary of Transportation shall submit a list of five disinterested persons that are qualified and willing to serve as trustees in the case. The United States trustee shall appoint one of such persons to serve as trustee in the case. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2641 ; Pub. L. 99–554, title II, §226, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3102 .)

    This section outlines the process for appointing a trustee in certain bankruptcy cases, requiring the Secretary of Transportation to provide a list of qualified individuals, from which the United States trustee will make the appointment.

35. §1164 — Right to be heard The Board, the Department of Transportation, and any State or local commission having regulatory jurisdiction over the debtor may raise and may appear and be heard on any issue in a case under this chapter, but may not appeal from any judgment, order, or decree entered in the case. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2641 ; Pub. L. 104–88, title III, §302(2), Dec. 29, 1995, 109 Stat. 943 .)

    This section grants the Surface Transportation Board, the Department of Transportation, and any relevant State or local regulatory commission the right to participate and be heard on issues in bankruptcy cases under this chapter, but explicitly denies them the right to appeal any judgments or orders in such cases.

36. §1165 — Protection of the public interest In applying sections 1166, 1167, 1169, 1170, 1171, 1172, 1173, and 1174 of this title, the court and the trustee shall consider the public interest in addition to the interests of the debtor, creditors, and equity security holders. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2641 .)

    This section mandates that when applying specific sections (1166, 1167, 1169-1174) of this title, the court and trustee must consider the public interest alongside the interests of the debtor, creditors, and equity security holders.

37. §1166 — Effect of subtitle IV of title 49 and of Federal, State, or local regulations Except with respect to abandonment under section 1170 of this title, or merger, modification of the financial structure of the debtor, or issuance or sale of securities under a plan, the trustee and the debtor are subject to the provisions of subtitle IV of title 49 that are applicable to railroads, and the trustee is subject to orders of any Federal, State, or local regulatory body to the same extent as the debtor would be if a petition commencing the case under this chapter had not been filed, but-

    This section specifies that, with certain exceptions, a trustee and debtor in a railroad bankruptcy case remain subject to Subtitle IV of Title 49 and to Federal, State, or local regulatory orders. It also requires court approval for expenditures from the estate due to such orders and makes the chapter's provisions subject to a specific section of the Regional Rail Reorganization Act of 1973.

38. §1167 — Collective bargaining agreements Notwithstanding section 365 of this title, neither the court nor the trustee may change the wages or working conditions of employees of the debtor established by a collective bargaining agreement that is subject to the Railway Labor Act except in accordance with section 6 of such Act. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2642 ; Pub. L. 103–394, title V, §501(d)(35), Oct. 22, 1994, 108 Stat. 4146 .)

    This section stipulates that, notwithstanding section 365 of this title, a bankruptcy court or trustee cannot alter the wages or working conditions of employees covered by a collective bargaining agreement subject to the Railway Labor Act, unless such changes are made in accordance with section 6 of that Act.

39. §1168 — Rolling stock equipment (a)(1) The right of a secured party with a security interest in or of a lessor or conditional vendor of equipment described in paragraph (2) to take possession of such equipment in compliance with an equipment security agreement, lease, or conditional sale contract, and to enforce any of its other rights or remedies under such security agreement, lease, or conditional sale contract, to sell, lease, or otherwise retain or dispose of such equipment, is not limited or otherwise affected by any other provision of this title or by any power of the court, except that right to take possession and enforce those other rights and remedies shall be subject to section 362, if-

    This section defines the rights of secured parties, lessors, or conditional vendors regarding rolling stock equipment in a railroad bankruptcy case, detailing when their right to repossess such equipment is not limited by the automatic stay. It specifies conditions for maintaining these rights, defines the type of equipment covered, and outlines the trustee's obligations.

40. §1169 — Effect of rejection of lease of railroad line

    This section outlines the procedure following the rejection of a railroad line lease in bankruptcy, generally requiring the lessor to operate the line unless impractical or against public interest, in which case the trustee continues operation. It also clarifies that the lessor is subject to Subtitle IV of Title 49 during such operation.

41. §1170 — Abandonment of railroad line

    This section details the court's authority to permit the abandonment of a railroad line, or a portion thereof, in a bankruptcy case, requiring considerations of the estate's best interest, public interest, and, if applicable, Board approval. It also outlines procedures for appeals, suspension of service, and mandates fair arrangements for affected employees.

42. §1171 — Priority claims

    This section establishes that claims for personal injury or death arising from the debtor's or estate's operation, whether pre- or post-commencement of the case, are administrative expenses. It also grants the same priority to unsecured claims that would have received priority in an equity receivership appointed by a Federal court.

43. §1172 — Contents of plan

    This section outlines the mandatory and permissible contents of a Chapter 11 bankruptcy plan for railroad debtors, requiring specifics on rail service continuation or termination, and potentially including provisions for transferring or abandoning rail lines. It also details the necessity of Board approval for certain transfers or operations and ensures protection for employee interests during such processes.

44. §1173 — Confirmation of plan

    This section outlines the criteria for a bankruptcy court to confirm a railroad reorganization plan, including meeting general confirmation requirements, ensuring creditors receive at least liquidation value, demonstrating adequate earnings to cover fixed charges, and being consistent with the public interest. If multiple plans meet these criteria, the court must confirm the one most likely to maintain adequate rail service in the public interest.

45. §1174 — Liquidation On request of a party in interest and after notice and a hearing, the court may, or, if a plan has not been confirmed under section 1173 of this title before five years after the date of the order for relief, the court shall, order the trustee to cease the debtor's operation and to collect and reduce to money all of the property of the estate in the same manner as if the case were a case under chapter 7 of this title. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2644 .)

    This section outlines the process for liquidating a railroad debtor's estate, allowing the court to order the trustee to cease operations and liquidate assets upon a party's request, or mandating it if a plan has not been confirmed within five years under section 1173, effectively converting the case to a Chapter 7 liquidation.

46. §1181 — Inapplicability of other sections

    This section specifies various provisions of Title 11 that do not apply in cases under this subchapter, detailing general inapplicabilities, sections that may be inapplicable unless ordered otherwise by the court, and a special rule for discharge when a plan is confirmed under section 1191(b).

47. §1182 — Definitions In this subchapter:

    This section provides definitions specific to the subchapter, clarifying that 'debtor' refers to a small business debtor and 'debtor in possession' is the debtor unless removed under section 1185(a) of this title.

48. §1183 — Trustee

    This section outlines the appointment, duties, and termination of service for a trustee in cases under this subchapter, detailing the trustee's responsibilities including performing duties specified in other sections, appearing at conferences, ensuring timely payments, and facilitating a consensual reorganization plan.

49. §1184 — Rights and powers of a debtor in possession Subject to such limitations or conditions as the court may prescribe, a debtor in possession shall have all the rights, other than the right to compensation under section 330 of this title, and powers, and shall perform all functions and duties, except the duties specified in paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) of section 1106(a) of this title, of a trustee serving in a case under this chapter, including operating the business of the debtor. (Added Pub. L. 116–54, §2(a), Aug. 23, 2019, 133 Stat. 1080 .)

    This section outlines the rights, powers, functions, and duties of a debtor in possession, granting them generally the same authority as a trustee in a Chapter 11 case, with specific exclusions related to compensation and certain trustee duties, and subject to court-prescribed limitations.

50. §1185 — Removal of debtor in possession

    This section outlines the conditions under which a debtor in possession may be removed from their position by the court for cause, including fraud, dishonesty, incompetence, or gross mismanagement. It also provides for the possible reinstatement of the debtor in possession upon request of a party in interest.

51. §1186 — Property of the estate

    This section defines the property of the estate in a confirmed plan under section 1191(b), including property acquired and earnings from services performed by the debtor after the commencement of the case until its closure, dismissal, or conversion. It also states that the debtor remains in possession of all estate property unless otherwise specified.

52. §1187 — Duties and reporting requirements of debtors

    This section outlines the specific duties and reporting requirements for debtors electing to proceed under this subchapter, including initial filing requirements, compliance with other applicable provisions, and a special exemption for disclosure statements under certain court orders.

53. §1188 — Status conference

    This section mandates a status conference within 60 days of the order for relief in cases under this subchapter, with provisions for extension due to circumstances beyond the debtor's control. It also requires the debtor to file a report 14 days prior to the conference, detailing efforts towards a consensual reorganization plan.

54. §1189 — Filing of the plan

    This section dictates that only the debtor may file a plan under this subchapter, setting a deadline of 90 days after the order for relief, with possible extensions if the delay is due to circumstances beyond the debtor's control.

55. §1190 — Contents of plan A plan filed under this subchapter-

    This section outlines the required contents of a plan filed under this subchapter, including a business history, liquidation analysis, and payment projections. It also mandates the submission of future earnings to trustee supervision and allows for the modification of rights of secured claim holders in the debtor's principal residence under specific conditions.

56. §1191 — Confirmation of plan

    This section details the requirements for confirmation of a plan under this subchapter, specifying that the court shall confirm a plan if it meets certain criteria from section 1129(a), with exceptions. It also defines 'fair and equitable' for classes of claims or interests and 'disposable income,' and includes a special rule for certain priority claims.

57. §1192 — Discharge If the plan of the debtor is confirmed under section 1191(b) of this title, as soon as practicable after completion by the debtor of all payments due within the first 3 years of the plan, or such longer period not to exceed 5 years as the court may fix, unless the court approves a written waiver of discharge executed by the debtor after the order for relief under this chapter, the court shall grant the debtor a discharge of all debts provided in section 1141(d)(1)(A) of this title, and all other debts allowed under section 503 of this title and provided for in the plan, except any debt-

    This section details the conditions for a debtor's discharge following confirmation of a plan under section 1191(b), specifying that discharge is granted after completion of plan payments within a 3-5 year period, unless waived, and lists exceptions for certain long-term and non-dischargeable debts.

58. §1193 — Modification of plan

    This section details the procedures for modifying a bankruptcy plan, both before and after confirmation, under different confirmation scenarios (sections 1191(a) and 1191(b)). It outlines the conditions for valid modification, the court's role in confirming modified plans, and the implications for holders of claims or interests.

59. §1194 — Payments

    This section outlines the trustee's responsibilities regarding payments and funds in bankruptcy cases under this subchapter, including retaining payments until plan confirmation, distributing them according to the plan, or returning them to the debtor after deductions if the plan is not confirmed. It also specifies the trustee's role in making payments to creditors under a confirmed plan and making adequate protection payments to secured claim holders prior to confirmation.

60. §1195 — Transactions with professionals Notwithstanding section 327(a) of this title, a person is not disqualified for employment under section 327 of this title, by a debtor solely because that person holds a claim of less than $10,000 that arose prior to commencement of the case. (Added Pub. L. 116–54, §2(a), Aug. 23, 2019, 133 Stat. 1084 .)

    This section specifies that a person is not disqualified for employment by a debtor in a bankruptcy case under section 327 of this title solely because they hold a claim of less than $10,000 that originated before the case commenced, notwithstanding certain provisions of section 327(a).

Chapter 12

1. §1201 — Stay of action against codebtor

   This section establishes an automatic stay preventing creditors from collecting consumer debt from codebtors after an order for relief under this chapter, with specified exceptions. It also outlines procedures for creditors to obtain relief from the stay and conditions under which the stay may terminate.

2. §1202 — Trustee

   This section outlines the appointment and duties of a trustee in Chapter 12 bankruptcy cases, including performing general administrative tasks, appearing at key hearings, and ensuring timely plan payments. It also details specific notice requirements the trustee must fulfill concerning domestic support obligations.

3. §1203 — Rights and powers of debtor Subject to such limitations as the court may prescribe, a debtor in possession shall have all the rights, other than the right to compensation under section 330, and powers, and shall perform all the functions and duties, except the duties specified in paragraphs (3) and (4) of section 1106(a), of a trustee serving in a case under chapter 11, including operating the debtor's farm or commercial fishing operation. (Added and amended Pub. L. 99–554, title II, §255, title III, §302(f), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3107 , 3124; Pub. L. 103–65, §1, Aug. 6, 1993, 107 Stat. 311 ; Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title I, §149(a), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–610 ; Pub. L. 106–5, §1(1), (2), Mar. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 9 ; Pub. L. 106–70, §1, Oct. 9, 1999, 113 Stat. 1031 ; Pub. L. 107–8, §1, May 11, 2001, 115 Stat. 10 ; Pub. L. 107–17, §1, June 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 151 ; Pub. L. 107–170, §1, May 7, 2002, 116 Stat. 133 ; Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10814(a), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 532 ; Pub. L. 107–377, §2(a), Dec. 19, 2002, 116 Stat. 3115 ; Pub. L. 108–73, §2(a), Aug. 15, 2003, 117 Stat. 891 ; Pub. L. 108–369, §2(a), Oct. 25, 2004, 118 Stat. 1749 ; Pub. L. 109–8, title X, §§1001(a)(1), (c), 1007(c)(2), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 185 , 186, 188.)

   This section defines the rights, powers, functions, and duties of a debtor in possession, subjecting them to court-prescribed limitations, excluding the right to compensation under section 330 and specific duties from section 1106(a). These include operating the debtor's farm or commercial fishing operation, aligning with those of a chapter 11 trustee.

4. §1204 — Removal of debtor as debtor in possession

   This section mandates the removal of a debtor as a debtor in possession in a Chapter 12 bankruptcy case for cause such as fraud, dishonesty, incompetence, or gross mismanagement. It also allows for the court, upon request, to reinstate the debtor in possession.

5. §1205 — Adequate protection

   This section outlines the requirements for adequate protection in a case under this chapter, specifying that section 361 does not apply and detailing various methods for providing adequate protection when required under sections 362, 363, or 364.

6. §1206 — Sales free of interests After notice and a hearing, in addition to the authorization contained in section 363(f), the trustee in a case under this chapter may sell property under section 363(b) and (c) free and clear of any interest in such property of an entity other than the estate if the property is farmland, farm equipment, or property used to carry out a commercial fishing operation (including a commercial fishing vessel), except that the proceeds of such sale shall be subject to such interest. (Added and amended Pub. L. 99–554, title II, §255, title III, §302(f), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3108 , 3124; Pub. L. 103–65, §1, Aug. 6, 1993, 107 Stat. 311 ; Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title I, §149(a), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–610 ; Pub. L. 106–5, §1(1), (2), Mar. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 9 ; Pub. L. 106–70, §1, Oct. 9, 1999, 113 Stat. 1031 ; Pub. L. 107–8, §1, May 11, 2001, 115 Stat. 10 ; Pub. L. 107–17, §1, June 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 151 ; Pub. L. 107–170, §1, May 7, 2002, 116 Stat. 133 ; Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10814(a), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 532 ; Pub. L. 107–377, §2(a), Dec. 19, 2002, 116 Stat. 3115 ; Pub. L. 108–73, §2(a), Aug. 15, 2003, 117 Stat. 891 ; Pub. L. 108–369, §2(a), Oct. 25, 2004, 118 Stat. 1749 ; Pub. L. 109–8, title X, §§1001(a)(1), (c), 1007(c)(3), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 185 , 186, 188.)

   This section permits a Chapter 12 trustee, after notice and a hearing, to sell specific types of property—farmland, farm equipment, or commercial fishing operation property—free and clear of any interest, provided the proceeds of such sale remain subject to that interest. This authority is in addition to that granted by section 363(f).

7. §1207 — Property of the estate

   This section defines the scope of property included in the estate for this chapter, expanding upon section 541 to include property and earnings acquired after the case commences but before its conclusion. It also stipulates that the debtor generally retains possession of estate property, subject to specific exceptions.

8. §1208 — Conversion or dismissal

   This section details the conditions and procedures for converting or dismissing a case under this chapter, including the debtor's rights to convert to Chapter 7 or dismiss the case, and grounds for dismissal or conversion by a party in interest, such as for cause or fraud.

9. §1221 — Filing of plan The debtor shall file a plan not later than 90 days after the order for relief under this chapter, except that the court may extend such period if the need for an extension is attributable to circumstances for which the debtor should not justly be held accountable. (Added and amended Pub. L. 99–554, title II, §255, title III, §302(f), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3109 , 3124; Pub. L. 103–65, §§1, 2, Aug. 6, 1993, 107 Stat. 311 ; Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title I, §149(a), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–610 ; Pub. L. 106–5, §1(1), (2), Mar. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 9 ; Pub. L. 106–70, §1, Oct. 9, 1999, 113 Stat. 1031 ; Pub. L. 107–8, §1, May 11, 2001, 115 Stat. 10 ; Pub. L. 107–17, §1, June 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 151 ; Pub. L. 107–170, §1, May 7, 2002, 116 Stat. 133 ; Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10814(a), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 532 ; Pub. L. 107–377, §2(a), Dec. 19, 2002, 116 Stat. 3115 ; Pub. L. 108–73, §2(a), Aug. 15, 2003, 117 Stat. 891 ; Pub. L. 108–369, §2(a), Oct. 25, 2004, 118 Stat. 1749 ; Pub. L. 109–8, title X, §1001(a)(1), (c), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 185 , 186.)

   This section mandates that a debtor must file a plan within 90 days after the order for relief under this chapter, with a provision for court-granted extensions if the delay is due to circumstances beyond the debtor's control.

10. §1222 — Contents of plan

    This section details the mandatory and permissible contents of a plan under this chapter, including provisions for future income submission, priority claim payments, classification of claims, treatment of governmental unit claims, modification of secured and unsecured claims, curing defaults, and the duration of payment plans.

11. §1223 — Modification of plan before confirmation

    This section outlines the conditions under which a debtor may modify a Chapter 12 plan before its confirmation, stipulating that the modified plan must still meet the requirements of section 1222. It also specifies how holders of secured claims are deemed to accept or reject the modified plan.

12. §1224 — Confirmation hearing After expedited notice, the court shall hold a hearing on confirmation of the plan. A party in interest, the trustee, or the United States trustee may object to the confirmation of the plan. Except for cause, the hearing shall be concluded not later than 45 days after the filing of the plan. (Added and amended Pub. L. 99–554, title II, §255, title III, §302(f), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3110 , 3124; Pub. L. 103–65, §1, Aug. 6, 1993, 107 Stat. 311 ; Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title I, §149(a), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–610 ; Pub. L. 106–5, §1(1), (2), Mar. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 9 ; Pub. L. 106–70, §1, Oct. 9, 1999, 113 Stat. 1031 ; Pub. L. 107–8, §1, May 11, 2001, 115 Stat. 10 ; Pub. L. 107–17, §1, June 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 151 ; Pub. L. 107–170, §1, May 7, 2002, 116 Stat. 133 ; Pub. L. 107–171, title X, §10814(a), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 532 ; Pub. L. 107–377, §2(a), Dec. 19, 2002, 116 Stat. 3115 ; Pub. L. 108–73, §2(a), Aug. 15, 2003, 117 Stat. 891 ; Pub. L. 108–369, §2(a), Oct. 25, 2004, 118 Stat. 1749 ; Pub. L. 109–8, title X, §1001(a)(1), (c), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 185 , 186.)

    This section mandates that after expedited notice, the court must hold a hearing for the confirmation of a plan. It allows parties in interest, the trustee, or the United States trustee to object to the plan's confirmation, and requires the hearing to conclude within 45 days of the plan's filing, absent cause.

13. §1225 — Confirmation of plan

    This section outlines the detailed requirements for the confirmation of a bankruptcy plan, including conditions related to compliance with legal provisions, payment of fees, good faith, treatment of unsecured and secured claims, and the debtor's ability to make payments. It also specifies criteria for confirmation when objections are filed, defining 'disposable income,' and allows the court to order income payments to the trustee post-confirmation.

14. §1226 — Payments

    This section outlines the procedures for handling payments and funds received by the trustee in a Chapter 12 bankruptcy case. It specifies how these funds are distributed upon plan confirmation or returned to the debtor if the plan is not confirmed, detailing allowed deductions and required payments to creditors.

15. §1227 — Effect of confirmation

    This section details the effect of a confirmed plan in a Chapter 12 bankruptcy, clarifying that the plan binds all relevant parties and vests the estate's property in the debtor. It also specifies that this vested property is generally free and clear of creditors' claims, with exceptions noted.

16. §1228 — Discharge

    This section details the conditions for granting a discharge to a debtor upon completion of plan payments, including requirements for domestic support obligations, and outlines exceptions to discharge. It also provides for conditional discharge before completion of payments, revocation of discharge due to fraud, and criteria for the court to deny discharge.

17. §1229 — Modification of plan after confirmation

    This section outlines the conditions and limitations for modifying a Chapter 12 plan after its confirmation but before the completion of payments. It details who can request modifications, the types of changes allowed, and certain restrictions on the modified plan's duration and payment adjustments.

18. §1230 — Revocation of an order of confirmation

    This section details the process for revoking an order of plan confirmation, allowing a court to revoke such an order within 180 days if it was procured by fraud. Upon revocation, the case is disposed of under section 1207, unless a modified plan is proposed and confirmed.

19. §1231 — Special tax provisions

    This section outlines special tax provisions related to plans confirmed under section 1225, exempting certain transactions from stamp or similar taxes. It also allows the court to authorize a plan proponent to request a governmental unit's determination of the plan's tax effects under section 346.

20. §1232 — Claim by a governmental unit based on the disposition of property used in a farming operation

    This section specifies the treatment of unsecured governmental claims arising from the disposition of property used in a farming operation, detailing how these claims are classified, their priority, dischargeability, and the procedures for filing and determining such claims.

Chapter 13

1. §1301 — Stay of action against codebtor

   This section establishes an automatic stay on actions against codebtors for consumer debts after an order for relief under Chapter 13, with specific exceptions. It outlines conditions under which creditors may be granted relief from this stay and details how such a stay can be terminated.

2. §1302 — Trustee

   This section outlines the appointment process and responsibilities of a trustee in Chapter 13 bankruptcy cases. It details their general duties, specific obligations when the debtor is in business, and special requirements concerning domestic support obligations, including providing notices to claimants and state child support agencies.

3. §1303 — Rights and powers of debtor Subject to any limitations on a trustee under this chapter, the debtor shall have, exclusive of the trustee, the rights and powers of a trustee under sections 363(b), 363(d), 363(e), 363(f), and 363(l), of this title. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2646 .)

   This section specifies that a debtor in a Chapter 13 case holds certain rights and powers of a trustee, as outlined in specific subsections of section 363, independently of the appointed trustee and subject to any limitations within the chapter.

4. §1304 — Debtor engaged in business

   This section defines a debtor engaged in business within Chapter 13 bankruptcy as a self-employed individual incurring trade credit for income. It grants such a debtor the rights and powers of a trustee in operating the business, subject to certain limitations, and mandates they perform specific trustee duties.

5. §1305 — Filing and allowance of postpetition claims

   This section outlines the conditions under which postpetition claims can be filed and allowed in a Chapter 13 bankruptcy case, specifically addressing claims for taxes and consumer debts necessary for plan performance. It also details the allowance or disallowance process for these claims, with a specific condition for disallowing certain consumer debts if trustee approval was not obtained.

6. §1306 — Property of the estate

   This section defines the property of the estate in a Chapter 13 bankruptcy case, expanding beyond section 541 to include after-acquired property and post-petition earnings until the case is closed, dismissed, or converted. It also specifies that the debtor generally retains possession of all estate property, unless otherwise stipulated in a confirmed plan.

7. §1307 — Conversion or dismissal

   This section outlines the rules for converting or dismissing a Chapter 13 bankruptcy case, granting debtors the right to convert to Chapter 7 or dismiss their case. It also specifies numerous grounds ('cause') for which a court may convert or dismiss a case on request of a party in interest or the United States trustee, along with exceptions for farmers and general eligibility requirements for conversion.

8. §1308 — Filing of prepetition tax returns

   This section mandates that debtors in Chapter 13 cases must file all prepetition tax returns for the four-year period ending on the petition date, typically before the creditors' meeting. It also outlines procedures for the trustee to grant extensions for unfiled returns and details conditions under which the court may further extend these periods, while defining what constitutes a 'return' for this section.

9. §1321 — Filing of plan The debtor shall file a plan. ( Pub. L. 95–598, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2648 .)

   This section briefly states the fundamental requirement that the debtor in a Chapter 13 case must file a plan.

10. §1322 — Contents of plan

    This section outlines the mandatory and optional provisions for a Chapter 13 bankruptcy plan, including requirements for the submission of debtor's future income, full payment of priority claims, and treatment of different classes of claims. It also details the conditions for modifying secured claims, curing defaults, and the maximum payment duration based on the debtor's income.

11. §1323 — Modification of plan before confirmation

    This section details the rules for modifying a Chapter 13 bankruptcy plan before its confirmation, stating that the debtor may modify the plan as long as it continues to meet the requirements of section 1322. It also specifies how the acceptance or rejection of the original plan by secured claim holders is carried over to the modified plan.

12. §1324 — Confirmation hearing

    This section outlines the requirements for a confirmation hearing in a Chapter 13 bankruptcy case, including the court's obligation to hold a hearing after notice and the right of a party in interest to object. It also specifies the timeline for such hearings relative to the meeting of creditors, allowing for an earlier hearing if it benefits creditors and the estate.

13. §1325 — Confirmation of plan

    This section outlines the conditions for a bankruptcy court to confirm a Chapter 13 plan, including compliance with legal provisions, payment of fees, good faith proposal, and the 'best interests of creditors' test. It also details requirements for secured claims, debtor's ability to make payments, and rules for disposable income and commitment periods when objections are raised.

14. §1326 — Payments (a)(1) Unless the court orders otherwise, the debtor shall commence making payments not later than 30 days after the date of the filing of the plan or the order for relief, whichever is earlier, in the amount-

    This section outlines the rules governing payments in a Chapter 13 bankruptcy case, including when debtors must commence payments, how the trustee handles pre-confirmation payments, and the order of distribution to creditors. It also addresses provisions for adequate protection payments, insurance requirements for retained personal property, and the payment of trustee compensation.

15. §1327 — Effect of confirmation

    This section defines the legal effects of a confirmed Chapter 13 plan, stating that its provisions bind both the debtor and creditors. It also specifies that confirmation vests all property of the estate in the debtor, generally free and clear of creditors' claims, unless the plan or confirmation order stipulates otherwise.

16. §1328 — Discharge

    This section outlines the conditions and exceptions for discharge of debts in a Chapter 13 bankruptcy case, detailing when a discharge is granted after plan completion or under specific circumstances for uncompleted plans. It also addresses non-dischargeable debts, conditions for revoking a discharge, and requirements for financial management education.

17. §1329 — Modification of plan after confirmation

    This section outlines the conditions and procedures for modifying a Chapter 13 plan after confirmation but before the completion of payments. It specifies various permissible modifications, such as adjusting payment amounts or times, and includes provisions related to health insurance costs, while also setting limits on the extended payment period.

18. §1330 — Revocation of an order of confirmation

    This section outlines the conditions and procedures for the revocation of a Chapter 13 plan's confirmation order. It specifies that an order can be revoked due to fraud within 180 days of entry, and details the subsequent disposition of the case or potential modification of the plan.

Chapter 15

1. §1501 — Purpose and scope of application

   This section establishes the purpose and scope of Chapter 15, which incorporates the Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency to facilitate international cooperation, provide legal certainty, and ensure efficient administration of cross-border insolvency cases, while also defining its applicability and specific exclusions.

2. §1502 — Definitions For the purposes of this chapter, the term-

   This section provides definitions for key terms used within this chapter, including 'debtor,' 'establishment,' 'foreign court,' 'foreign main proceeding,' 'foreign nonmain proceeding,' 'trustee,' 'recognition,' and 'within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States,' specifically in the context of cross-border insolvency cases.

3. §1503 — International obligations of the United States To the extent that this chapter conflicts with an obligation of the United States arising out of any treaty or other form of agreement to which it is a party with one or more other countries, the requirements of the treaty or agreement prevail. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §801(a), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 136 .)

   This section establishes the supremacy of international obligations for the United States, stating that if Chapter 15 of the Bankruptcy Code conflicts with any treaty or international agreement, the provisions of that treaty or agreement shall take precedence.

4. §1504 — Commencement of ancillary case A case under this chapter is commenced by the filing of a petition for recognition of a foreign proceeding under section 1515. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §801(a), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 136 .)

   This section states that a case under this chapter is initiated by filing a petition for the recognition of a foreign proceeding, as stipulated in section 1515.

5. §1505 — Authorization to act in a foreign country A trustee or another entity (including an examiner) may be authorized by the court to act in a foreign country on behalf of an estate created under section 541. An entity authorized to act under this section may act in any way permitted by the applicable foreign law. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §801(a), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 136 .)

   This section authorizes a trustee or other entity, such as an examiner, to be granted permission by the court to act in a foreign country. Such actions are to be performed on behalf of a bankruptcy estate established under section 541 and must comply with the foreign country's applicable laws.

6. §1506 — Public policy exception Nothing in this chapter prevents the court from refusing to take an action governed by this chapter if the action would be manifestly contrary to the public policy of the United States. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §801(a), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 136 .)

   This section establishes a public policy exception within Chapter 15 of the Bankruptcy Code, allowing a court to refuse an action governed by the chapter if it would be clearly against the public policy of the United States.

7. §1507 — Additional assistance

   This section authorizes the court to provide additional assistance to a foreign representative after recognition of a foreign proceeding, considering principles of comity and objectives such as fair treatment of creditors, protection of U.S. claim holders, prevention of fraud, and facilitating a fresh start for the debtor.

8. §1508 — Interpretation In interpreting this chapter, the court shall consider its international origin, and the need to promote an application of this chapter that is consistent with the application of similar statutes adopted by foreign jurisdictions. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §801(a), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 137 .)

   This section instructs courts to interpret Chapter 15 of the Bankruptcy Code with consideration for its international origin. The interpretation should promote consistency with the application of similar statutes in foreign jurisdictions, highlighting the global nature of cross-border insolvency cases.

9. §1509 — Right of direct access

   This section outlines the right of direct access for a foreign representative in a United States court for recognition of a foreign proceeding. It details the capacities, rights, and limitations of a foreign representative upon recognition, including the ability to sue and be sued, apply for relief, and receive comity or cooperation, while also addressing scenarios where recognition is denied or a case is not commenced.

10. §1510 — Limited jurisdiction The sole fact that a foreign representative files a petition under section 1515 does not subject the foreign representative to the jurisdiction of any court in the United States for any other purpose. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §801(a), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 138 .)

    This section establishes the principle of limited jurisdiction, stating that a foreign representative's act of filing a petition under section 1515 does not, by itself, subject them to the jurisdiction of any U.S. court for purposes other than that specific filing.

11. §1511 — Commencement of case under section 301, 302, or 303

    This section outlines the conditions under which a foreign representative, upon recognition of a foreign proceeding, may initiate a bankruptcy case under sections 301, 302, or 303 in the United States. It specifies that an involuntary case can be commenced under section 303, while a voluntary case under section 301 or 302 is permissible only if the foreign proceeding is a foreign main proceeding, and requires prior notification to the recognition court.

12. §1512 — Participation of a foreign representative in a case under this title Upon recognition of a foreign proceeding, the foreign representative in the recognized proceeding is entitled to participate as a party in interest in a case regarding the debtor under this title. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §801(a), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 138 .)

    This section states that upon recognition of a foreign proceeding, the foreign representative is granted the right to participate as a party in interest in any case concerning the debtor under Title 11 of the U.S. Code.

13. §1513 — Access of foreign creditors to a case under this title

    This section grants foreign creditors the same rights as domestic creditors in commencing and participating in bankruptcy cases under Title 11, with specific provisions regarding the priority of their claims and the allowability and priority of foreign revenue or public law claims, which may be governed by applicable tax treaties.

14. §1514 — Notification to foreign creditors concerning a case under this title

    This section mandates that foreign creditors, including those with unknown addresses, must receive notification in a case under Title 11, similar to domestic creditors. It specifies that such notifications should generally be individual, detail requirements for filing proofs of claim, and allow additional time for foreign creditors to respond.

15. §1515 — Application for recognition

    This section outlines the procedure for a foreign representative to apply for recognition of a foreign proceeding, requiring the filing of a petition accompanied by certified copies or other acceptable evidence of the proceeding and appointment, along with a statement of known foreign proceedings and English translations of documents.

16. §1516 — Presumptions concerning recognition

    This section outlines presumptions concerning the recognition of foreign proceedings under Chapter 15, allowing the court to presume the foreign proceeding's nature and representative's status based on certain documents. It also establishes a presumption that a debtor's registered office or habitual residence is the center of their main interests, absent contrary evidence.

17. §1517 — Order granting recognition

    This section outlines the conditions for a court to grant an order recognizing a foreign proceeding, distinguishing between foreign main and nonmain proceedings based on the debtor's center of interests or establishment. It also addresses the timing of such decisions and the possibility of modifying or terminating recognition, including closing the related case.

18. §1518 — Subsequent information From the time of filing the petition for recognition of a foreign proceeding, the foreign representative shall file with the court promptly a notice of change of status concerning-

    This section mandates a foreign representative to promptly inform the court of any substantial changes in the status of a foreign proceeding or their appointment, as well as any other foreign proceeding concerning the debtor that comes to their attention, after filing a petition for recognition.

19. §1519 — Relief that may be granted upon filing petition for recognition

    This section outlines the provisional relief a court may grant a foreign representative upon filing a petition for recognition, prior to a ruling, to protect a debtor's assets or creditors' interests. It details specific types of relief, conditions for termination, grounds for denial, and limitations regarding governmental acts and certain rights not subject to an automatic stay.

20. §1520 — Effects of recognition of a foreign main proceeding

    This section details the effects of recognizing a foreign main proceeding, specifically how various sections of the bankruptcy code, such as 361, 362, 363, 549, and 552, apply to the debtor and their U.S.-located property, and clarifies the foreign representative's operational rights and certain unaffected individual rights.

21. §1521 — Relief that may be granted upon recognition

    This section specifies the types of relief a court may grant to a foreign representative upon recognition of a foreign proceeding, including stays on actions, asset administration, and examination of witnesses. It also outlines conditions for granting relief in nonmain proceedings and limitations, such as not enjoining governmental regulatory actions or certain rights under section 362.

22. §1522 — Protection of creditors and other interested persons

    This section outlines the court's responsibility to protect creditors and other interested parties when granting, modifying, or terminating relief in cross-border insolvency cases. It specifies that relief under sections 1519 or 1521, or the operation of the debtor's business, must adequately protect these interests and may be subjected to appropriate conditions.

23. §1523 — Actions to avoid acts detrimental to creditors

    This section grants a foreign representative, upon recognition of a foreign proceeding, standing to initiate specific avoidance actions under various sections of Title 11. It further specifies that for foreign nonmain proceedings, the court must verify that such actions pertain to assets administrable under U.S. law within that nonmain proceeding.

24. §1524 — Intervention by a foreign representative Upon recognition of a foreign proceeding, the foreign representative may intervene in any proceedings in a State or Federal court in the United States in which the debtor is a party. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §801(a), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 142 .)

    This section states that a foreign representative, upon recognition of a foreign proceeding, is permitted to intervene in any State or Federal court proceedings within the United States where the debtor is a party.

25. §1525 — Cooperation and direct communication between the court and foreign courts or foreign representatives

    This section mandates maximum cooperation between the court and foreign courts or representatives in cross-border insolvency cases, consistent with section 1501, and permits direct communication or requests for information from foreign entities, subject to parties' rights to notice and participation.

26. §1526 — Cooperation and direct communication between the trustee and foreign courts or foreign representatives

    This section outlines the requirement for a trustee or court-authorized person to cooperate to the maximum extent possible with foreign courts and representatives, consistent with section 1501, and grants them the right to communicate directly with these foreign entities, all subject to court supervision.

27. §1527 — Forms of cooperation Cooperation referred to in sections 1525 and 1526 may be implemented by any appropriate means, including-

    This section outlines various means by which cooperation, as referenced in sections 1525 and 1526, can be implemented. These methods include appointing individuals or bodies, communicating information, coordinating asset administration and supervision, approving agreements for proceedings coordination, and coordinating concurrent proceedings.

28. §1528 — Commencement of a case under this title after recognition of a foreign main proceeding After recognition of a foreign main proceeding, a case under another chapter of this title may be commenced only if the debtor has assets in the United States. The effects of such case shall be restricted to the assets of the debtor that are within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States and, to the extent necessary to implement cooperation and coordination under sections 1525, 1526, and 1527, to other assets of the debtor that are within the jurisdiction of the court under sections 541(a) of this title, and 1334(e) of title 28, to the extent that such other assets are not subject to the jurisdiction and control of a foreign proceeding that has been recognized under this chapter. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §801(a), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 143 .)

    This section specifies that a bankruptcy case in the United States, following the recognition of a foreign main proceeding, can only commence if the debtor holds assets in the U.S. The effects of such a case are limited to U.S.-located assets and other assets under court jurisdiction not subject to the recognized foreign proceeding, particularly for cooperation and coordination purposes.

29. §1529 — Coordination of a case under this title and a foreign proceeding If a foreign proceeding and a case under another chapter of this title are pending concurrently regarding the same debtor, the court shall seek cooperation and coordination under sections 1525, 1526, and 1527, and the following shall apply:

    This section outlines how U.S. bankruptcy cases and foreign proceedings are coordinated when pending concurrently for the same debtor, emphasizing cooperation and consistency of relief granted. It details conditions for relief based on whether the U.S. case is pre-existing or commences after foreign proceeding recognition, and specifies that relief for foreign nonmain proceedings must relate to administrable assets or required information.

30. §1530 — Coordination of more than 1 foreign proceeding In matters referred to in section 1501, with respect to more than 1 foreign proceeding regarding the debtor, the court shall seek cooperation and coordination under sections 1525, 1526, and 1527, and the following shall apply:

    This section mandates court cooperation and coordination among multiple foreign proceedings regarding a debtor, consistent with sections 1525, 1526, and 1527. It specifies that any relief granted to a foreign nonmain proceeding must align with a recognized foreign main proceeding, and outlines review and modification procedures for relief if inconsistencies arise.

31. §1531 — Presumption of insolvency based on recognition of a foreign main proceeding In the absence of evidence to the contrary, recognition of a foreign main proceeding is, for the purpose of commencing a proceeding under section 303, proof that the debtor is generally not paying its debts as such debts become due. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §801(a), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 144 .)

    This section establishes that, unless proven otherwise, the recognition of a foreign main proceeding serves as evidence that the debtor is generally unable to pay its debts as they become due, for the purpose of initiating a proceeding under section 303.

32. §1532 — Rule of payment in concurrent proceedings Without prejudice to secured claims or rights in rem, a creditor who has received payment with respect to its claim in a foreign proceeding pursuant to a law relating to insolvency may not receive a payment for the same claim in a case under any other chapter of this title regarding the debtor, so long as the payment to other creditors of the same class is proportionately less than the payment the creditor has already received. (Added Pub. L. 109–8, title VIII, §801(a), Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 145 .)

    This section establishes a rule of payment in concurrent insolvency proceedings: a creditor who has already received payment on a claim in a foreign proceeding cannot receive further payment for the same claim in a U.S. bankruptcy case if other creditors of the same class would receive proportionately less, without prejudice to secured claims or rights in rem.

Title 12

1. §1 — Office of the Comptroller of the Currency

2. §2 — Comptroller of the Currency; appointment; term

3. §3 — Oath of Comptroller

4. §4 — Deputy Comptrollers

5. § 4a. Delegation of authority by Comptroller

6. § 4b. Deputy Comptroller for the supervision and examination of Federal savings associations

7. §7 — Chief of examining division

8. §8 — Clerks

9. §9 — Additional examiners, clerks, and other employees

10. §9 — Section 1151a, included within the reference to sections 1151 to 1318 of this title, was repealed by Pub. L. 92–181, title V, § 5 .26(a), Dec. 10, 1971 , 85 Stat. 624 .

11. §9 — Section 6, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 86–251, § 1(c)(1) , Sept. 9, 1959 , 73 Stat. 488 .

12. §10 — Salaries of Deputy Comptrollers, examiners, and other employees as part of bank examination expenses

13. §11 — Interest in national banks

14. §12 — Seal of Comptroller

15. §13 — Rooms for Currency Bureau

16. §14 — Report of Comptroller

17. §14 — Section 57a(f)(7) of title 15 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1092(3) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2095 .

18. § 14a. Data standards; open data publication

19. Title LXII, referred to in subsec. (b), probably means title LXII of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244, which are classified to sections 16, 21, 22 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 26, 27, 29, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

20. §16 — Funding of Office

21. §21 — Formation of national banking associations; incorporators; articles of association

22. §21 — Title 62 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original “this Title” meaning title LXII of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244, which are classified to this section and sections 16, 22 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 26, 27, 29, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

23. § 21a. Amendment of articles of association

24. §22 — Organization certificate

25. §22 — Title 62 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in par. Fifth, was in the original “this Title” meaning title LXII of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244, which are classified to this section and sections 16, 21, 23 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 26, 27, 29, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

26. §23 — Acknowledgment and filing of certificate

27. §24 — Corporate powers of associations Upon duly making and filing articles of association and an organization certificate a national banking association shall become, as from the date of the execution of its organization certificate, a body corporate, and as such, and in the name designated in the organization certificate, it shall have power- First. To adopt and use a corporate seal. Second. To have succession from February 25, 1927, or from the date of its organization if organized after February 25, 1927, until such time as it be dissolved by the act of its shareholders owning two-thirds of its stock, or until its franchise becomes forfeited by reason of violation of law, or until terminated by either a general or a special Act of Congress or until its affairs be placed in the hands of a receiver and finally wound up by him. Third. To make contracts. Fourth. To sue and be sued, complain and defend, in any court of law and equity, as fully as natural persons. Fifth. To elect or appoint directors, and by its board of directors to appoint a president, vice president, cashier, and other officers, define their duties, require bonds of them and fix the penalty thereof, dismiss such officers or any of them at pleasure, and appoint others to fill their places. Sixth. To prescribe, by its board of directors, bylaws not inconsistent with law, regulating the manner in which its stock shall be transferred, its directors elected or appointed, its officers appointed, its property transferred, its general business conducted, and the privileges granted to it by law exercised and enjoyed. Seventh. To exercise by its board of directors or duly authorized officers or agents, subject to law, all such incidental powers as shall be necessary to carry on the business of banking; by discounting and negotiating promissory notes, drafts, bills of exchange, and other evidences of debt; by receiving deposits; by buying and selling exchange, coin, and bullion; by loaning money on personal security; and by obtaining, issuing, and circulating notes according to the provisions of title 62 of the Revised Statutes. The business of dealing in securities and stock by the association shall be limited to purchasing and selling such securities and stock without recourse, solely upon the order, and for the account of, customers, and in no case for its own account, and the association shall not underwrite any issue of securities or stock; Provided, That the association may purchase for its own account investment securities under such limitations and restrictions as the Comptroller of the Currency may by regulation prescribe. In no event shall the total amount of the investment securities of any one obligor or maker, held by the association for its own account, exceed at any time 10 per centum of its capital stock actually paid in and unimpaired and 10 per centum of its unimpaired surplus fund, except that this limitation shall not require any association to dispose of any securities lawfully held by it on August 23, 1935. As used in this section the term "investment securities" shall mean marketable obligations, evidencing indebtedness of any person, copartnership, association, or corporation in the form of bonds, notes and/or debentures commonly known as investment securities under such further definition of the term "investment securities" as may by regulation be prescribed by the Comptroller of the Currency. Except as hereinafter provided or otherwise permitted by law, nothing herein contained shall authorize the purchase by the association for its own account of any shares of stock of any corporation. The limitations and restrictions herein contained as to dealing in, underwriting and purchasing for its own account, investment securities shall not apply to obligations of the United States, or general obligations of any State or of any political subdivision thereof, or obligations of the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority which are guaranteed by the Secretary of Transportation under section 9 of the National Capital Transportation Act of 1969, or obligations issued under authority of the Federal Farm Loan Act, as amended, or issued by the thirteen banks for cooperatives or any of them or the Federal Home Loan Banks, or obligations which are insured by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development under title XI of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1749aaa et seq.] or obligations which are insured by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (hereinafter in this sentence referred to as the "Secretary") pursuant to section 207 of the National Housing Act [12 U.S.C. 1713], if the debentures to be issued in payment of such insured obligations are guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States, or obligations, participations, or other instruments of or issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association, or the Government National Mortgage Association, or mortgages, obligations or other securities which are or ever have been sold by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation pursuant to section 305 or section 306 of the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation Act [12 U.S.C. 1454 or 1455], or obligations of the Federal Financing Bank or obligations of the Environmental Financing Authority, or obligations or other instruments or securities of the Student Loan Marketing Association, or such obligations of any local public agency (as defined in section 110(h) of the Housing Act of 1949 [42 U.S.C. 1460(h)]) as are secured by an agreement between the local public agency and the Secretary in which the local public agency agrees to borrow from said Secretary, and said Secretary agrees to lend to said local public agency, monies in an aggregate amount which (together with any other monies irrevocably committed to the payment of interest on such obligations) will suffice to pay, when due, the interest on and all installments (including the final installment) of the principal of such obligations, which monies under the terms of said agreement are required to be used for such payments, or such obligations of a public housing agency (as defined in the United States Housing Act of 1937, as amended [42 U.S.C. 1437 et seq.]) as are secured (1) by an agreement between the public housing agency and the Secretary in which the public housing agency agrees to borrow from the Secretary, and the Secretary agrees to lend to the public housing agency, prior to the maturity of such obligations, monies in an amount which (together with any other monies irrevocably committed to the payment of interest on such obligations) will suffice to pay the principal of such obligations with interest to maturity thereon, which monies under the terms of said agreement are required to be used for the purpose of paying the principal of and the interest on such obligations at their maturity, (2) by a pledge of annual contributions under an annual contributions contract between such public housing agency and the Secretary if such contract shall contain the covenant by the Secretary which is authorized by subsection (g) of section 6 of the United States Housing Act of 1937, as amended [42 U.S.C. 1437d(g)], and if the maximum sum and the maximum period specified in such contract pursuant to said subsection 6(g) [42 U.S.C. 1437d(g)] shall not be less than the annual amount and the period for payment which are requisite to provide for the payment when due of all installments of principal and interest on such obligations, or (3) by a pledge of both annual contributions under an annual contributions contract containing the covenant by the Secretary which is authorized by section 6(g) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 [42 U.S.C. 1437d(g)], and a loan under an agreement between the local public housing agency and the Secretary in which the public housing agency agrees to borrow from the Secretary, and the Secretary agrees to lend to the public housing agency, prior to the maturity of the obligations involved, moneys in an amount which (together with any other moneys irrevocably committed under the annual contributions contract to the payment of principal and interest on such obligations) will suffice to provide for the payment when due of all installments of principal and interest on such obligations, which moneys under the terms of the agreement are required to be used for the purpose of paying the principal and interest on such obligations at their maturity: Provided, That in carrying on the business commonly known as the safe-deposit business the association shall not invest in the capital stock of a corporation organized under the law of any State to conduct a safe-deposit business in an amount in excess of 15 per centum of the capital stock of the association actually paid in and unimpaired and 15 per centum of its unimpaired surplus. The limitations and restrictions herein contained as to dealing in and underwriting investment securities shall not apply to obligations issued by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Inter-American Development Bank 1 Bank for Economic Cooperation and Development in the Middle East and North Africa,,2 the North American Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the African Development Bank, the Inter-American Investment Corporation, or the International Finance Corporation,,2 or obligations issued by any State or political subdivision or any agency of a State or political subdivision for housing, university, or dormitory purposes, which are at the time eligible for purchase by a national bank for its own account, nor to bonds, notes and other obligations issued by the Tennessee Valley Authority or by the United States Postal Service: Provided, That no association shall hold obligations issued by any of said organizations as a result of underwriting, dealing, or purchasing for its own account (and for this purpose obligations as to which it is under commitment shall be deemed to be held by it) in a total amount exceeding at any one time 10 per centum of its capital stock actually paid in and unimpaired and 10 per centum of its unimpaired surplus fund. Notwithstanding any other provision in this paragraph, the association may purchase for its own account shares of stock issued by a corporation authorized to be created pursuant to title IX of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 [42 U.S.C. 3931 et seq.], and may make investments in a partnership, limited partnership, or joint venture formed pursuant to section 907(a) or 907(c) of that Act [42 U.S.C. 3937(a) or 3937(c)]. Notwithstanding any other provision of this paragraph, the association may purchase for its own account shares of stock issued by any State housing corporation incorporated in the State in which the association is located and may make investments in loans and commitments for loans to any such corporation: Provided, That in no event shall the total amount of such stock held for its own account and such investments in loans and commitments made by the association exceed at any time 5 per centum of its capital stock actually paid in and unimpaired plus 5 per centum of its unimpaired surplus fund. Notwithstanding any other provision in this paragraph, the association may purchase for its own account shares of stock issued by a corporation organized solely for the purpose of making loans to farmers and ranchers for agricultural purposes, including the breeding, raising, fattening, or marketing of livestock. However, unless the association owns at least 80 per centum of the stock of such agricultural credit corporation the amount invested by the association at any one time in the stock of such corporation shall not exceed 20 per centum of the unimpaired capital and surplus of the association: Provided further, That notwithstanding any other provision of this paragraph, the association may purchase for its own account shares of stock of a bank insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or a holding company which owns or controls such an insured bank if the stock of such bank or company is owned exclusively (except to the extent directors' qualifying shares are required by law) by depository institutions or depository institution holding companies (as defined in section 1813 of this title) and such bank or company and all subsidiaries thereof are engaged exclusively in providing services to or for other depository institutions, their holding companies, and the officers, directors, and employees of such institutions and companies, and in providing correspondent banking services at the request of other depository institutions or their holding companies (also referred to as a "banker's bank"), but in no event shall the total amount of such stock held by the association in any bank or holding company exceed at any time 10 per centum of the association's capital stock and paid in and unimpaired surplus and in no event shall the purchase of such stock result in an association's acquiring more than 5 per centum of any class of voting securities of such bank or company. The limitations and restrictions contained in this paragraph as to an association purchasing for its own account investment securities shall not apply to securities that (A) are offered and sold pursuant to section 4(5) of the Securities Act of 1933 (15 U.S.C. 77d(5)); 3 (B) are small business related securities (as defined in section 3(a)(53) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 [15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(53)]); or (C) are mortgage related securities (as that term is defined in section 3(a)(41) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78c(a)(41)).4 The exception provided for the securities described in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) shall be subject to such regulations as the Comptroller of the Currency may prescribe, including regulations prescribing minimum size of the issue (at the time of initial distribution) or minimum aggregate sales prices, or both. A national banking association may deal in, underwrite, and purchase for such association's own account qualified Canadian government obligations to the same extent that such association may deal in, underwrite, and purchase for such association's own account obligations of the United States or general obligations of any State or of any political subdivision thereof. For purposes of this paragraph-

28. § 24a. Financial subsidiaries of national banks

29. Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (g)(3)(B), is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title. Section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title.

30. § 25a. Participation by national banks in lotteries and related activities

31. § 25b. State law preemption standards for national banks and subsidiaries clarified

32. Title 62 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in subsecs. (b)(1)(C), (2), (4), (5)(A), (e), (f), (h)(2), (i)(1), and (j), was in the original a reference to “this title” or “This title” meaning title LXII of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244, which are classified to this section and sections 16, 21, 22 to 24a, 25a, 26, 27, 29, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

33. §26 — Comptroller to determine if association can commence business

34. §26 — Title 62 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original “this Title” meaning title LXII of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244, which are classified this section and to sections 16, 21, 22 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 27, 29, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

35. §27 — Certificate of authority to commence banking

36. §27 — Title 62 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “this Title” meaning title LXII of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244, which are classified to this section and sections 16, 21, 22 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 26, 29, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

37. §29 — Power to hold real property

38. §29 — Title 62 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in last par., was in the original “this title” meaning title LXII of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244, which are classified to this section and sections 16, 21, 22 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 26, 27, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

39. §30 — Change of name or location

40. §31 — Rights and liabilities as affected by change of name

41. §32 — Liabilities and suits as affected by change of name or location

42. §35 — Organization of State banks as national banking associations

43. §36 — Branch banks The conditions upon which a national banking association may retain or establish and operate a branch or branches are the following:

44. §37 — Associations governed by chapter

45. §38 — The National Bank Act

46. §39 — Reservation of rights of associations organized under Act of 1863

47. §39 — Title 62 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original “this Title” meaning title LXII of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244, which are classified to this section and sections 16, 21, 22 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 26, 27, 29, 35 to 37, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

48. §40 — Virgin Islands; extension of National Bank Act

49. §41 — Guam; extension of National Bank Act

50. §42 — Territorial application

51. §43 — Interpretations concerning preemption of certain State laws

52. § 51a. Preferred stock; issuance authorized

53. § 51b. Dividends, voting, and retirement of preferred stock; individual liability

54. Section 51d of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by act June 30, 1947, ch. 166, title II, § 206(b) , ( o ), 61 Stat. 208 . For effect of the repeal on outstanding debentures held by banks, see note under section 51b–1 of this title .

55. § 51c. “Common stock”, “capital”, and “capital stock” defined

56. §52 — Par value and incidents of stock; transfer of shares

57. §53 — When capital stock paid in

58. §55 — Enforcing payment of deficiency in capital stock; assessments; liquidation; receivership

59. §56 — Prohibition on withdrawal of capital; unearned dividends

60. §57 — Increase of capital by provision in articles of association

61. §59 — Reduction of capital

62. §60 — National bank dividends

63. §61 — Shareholders’ voting rights; cumulative and distributive voting; preferred stock; trust shares; proxies, liability restrictions; percentage requirement exclusion of trust shares

64. §62 — List of shareholders The president and cashier of every national banking association shall cause to be kept at all times a full and correct list of the names and residences of all the shareholders in the association, and the number of shares held by each, in the office where its business is transacted. Such list shall be subject to the inspection of all the shareholders and creditors of the association, and the officers authorized to assess taxes under State authority, during business hours of each day in which business may be legally transacted. A copy of such list, verified by the oath of such president or cashier, shall be transmitted to the Comptroller of the Currency within ten days of any demand therefor made by him. (R.S. §5210; May 18, 1953, ch. 59, §1, 67 Stat. 27 .)

65. § 64a. Individual liability of shareholders; limitation on liability

66. §66 — Personal liability of representatives of stockholders

67. §67 — Individual liability of shareholders; compromises; authority of receiver

68. §71 — Election

69. § 71a. Number of directors; penalties

70. §72 — Qualifications

71. §73 — Oath

72. §73 — Title 62 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original “this Title” meaning title LXII of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244, which are classified to this section and sections 16, 21, 22 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 26, 27, 29, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72, 74 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

73. §74 — Vacancies

74. §75 — Legal holiday, annual meeting on; proceedings where no election held on proper day

75. §76 — President of bank as member of board; chairman of board

76. §81 — Place of business

77. §83 — Loans by bank on its own stock

78. §84 — Lending limits

79. §84 — Section 372 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was in the original a reference to “section 13 of the Federal Reserve Act”. Provisions of section 13 describing bankers’ acceptances are classified to section 372 of this title . Other provisions of section 13 are classified to sections 342 to 347, 347c, 347d of this title.

80. §85 — Rate of interest on loans, discounts and purchases Any association may take, receive, reserve, and charge on any loan or discount made, or upon any notes, bills of exchange, or other evidences of debt, interest at the rate allowed by the laws of the State, Territory, or District where the bank is located, or at a rate of 1 per centum in excess of the discount rate on ninety-day commercial paper in effect at the Federal reserve bank in the Federal reserve district where the bank is located, whichever may be the greater, and no more, except that where by the laws of any State a different rate is limited for banks organized under State laws, the rate so limited shall be allowed for associations organized or existing in any such State under title 62 of the Revised Statutes. When no rate is fixed by the laws of the State, or Territory, or District, the bank may take, receive, reserve, or charge a rate not exceeding 7 per centum, or 1 per centum in excess of the discount rate on ninety day commercial paper in effect at the Federal reserve bank in the Federal reserve district where the bank is located, whichever may be the greater, and such interest may be taken in advance, reckoning the days for which the note, bill, or other evidence of debt has to run. The maximum amount of interest or discount to be charged at a branch of an association located outside of the States of the United States and the District of Columbia shall be at the rate allowed by the laws of the country, territory, dependency, province, dominion, insular possession, or other political subdivision where the branch is located. And the purchase, discount, or sale of a bona fide bill of exchange, payable at another place than the place of such purchase, discount, or sale, at not more than the current rate of exchange for sight drafts in addition to the interest, shall not be considered as taking or receiving a greater rate of interest. (R.S. §5197; June 16, 1933, ch. 89, §25, 48 Stat. 191 ; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title III, §314, 49 Stat. 711 ; Pub. L. 93–501, title II, §201, Oct. 29, 1974, 88 Stat. 1558 ; Pub. L. 96–104, title I, §101, Nov. 5, 1979, 93 Stat. 789 ; Pub. L. 96–161, title II, §201, Dec. 28, 1979, 93 Stat. 1235 ; Pub. L. 96–221, title V, §529, Mar. 31, 1980, 94 Stat. 168 .)

81. §86 — Usurious interest; penalty for taking; limitations

82. §90 — Depositaries of public moneys and financial agents of Government

83. §91 — Chapter 4 of title 62 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original “this chapter”, meaning chapter 4 of title 62 of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 5220 to 5244, which are classified to this section and sections 16, 43, 93, 93a, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, and 481 to 485 of this title. See, also, section 709 of Title 18 , Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5220 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

84. §91 — Transfers by bank and other acts in contemplation of insolvency

85. §92 — Acting as insurance agent or broker

86. § 92a. Trust powers

87. §93 — Title 62 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in subsecs. (a), (b)(1), and (d), was in the original “this Title” meaning title LXII of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244, which are classified to this section and sections 16, 21, 22 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 26, 27, 29, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

88. §93 — Violation of provisions of chapter

89. § 93a. Authority to prescribe rules and regulations

90. §94 — Venue of suits

91. §95 — Emergency limitations and restrictions on business of members of Federal Reserve System; designation of legal holiday for national banking associations; exceptions; “State” defined

92. § 121a. Redemption of notes unidentifiable as to bank of issue

93. § 122a. Redeemed notes of unidentifiable issue; funds charged against

94. Section 122 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(b) , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1068 .

95. Section 445 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by act June 12, 1945, ch. 186, § 3 , 59 Stat. 238 .

96. §142 — Banks in reserve cities; reserves

97. §142 — Section 462 of this title , referred to in text, was omitted from the Code. See section 461 of this title .

98. §143 — Banks in Alaska and insular possessions; lawful money reserves

99. §144 — Certain balances counted toward reserves in dependencies and insular possessions

100. §161 — Reports to Comptroller of the Currency

101. §164 — Penalty for failure to make reports

102. § 177a. Funds available for cost of transporting and redeeming national and Federal Reserve bank notes

103. §181 — Voluntary dissolution; appointment and removal of liquidating agent or committee; examination

104. §182 — Notice of intent to dissolve

105. §191 — Appointment of receiver for a national bank

106. §192 — Default in payment of circulating notes

107. §192 — Section 12B of the Federal Reserve Act, as amended, referred to in text, formerly classified to section 264 of this title , has been withdrawn from the Federal Reserve Act and incorporated in the Federal Deposit Insurance Act which is classified generally to chapter 16 (§ 1811 et seq.) of this title.

108. §193 — Notice to present claims

109. §194 — Dividends on adjusted claims; distribution of assets

110. §196 — Expenses

111. §197 — Shareholders’ meeting; continuance of receivership; appointment of agent; winding up business; distribution of assets

112. § 197a. Resumption of business by closed bank on consent of depositors

113. §198 — Purchase by receiver of property of bank; request to Comptroller

114. §199 — Approval of request

115. §200 — Payment

116. §201 — Short title

117. §202 — Definitions

118. §203 — Appointment of conservator

119. §203 — Section 51d of this title was repealed by act June 30, 1947, ch. 166, title II, § 206(b) , ( o ), 61 Stat. 208 . For effect of the repeal on outstanding debentures held by banks, see References in Text note set out under section 51b–1 of this title .

120. §204 — Examinations

121. §205 — Termination of conservatorship

122. §206 — Conservator; powers and duties

123. §209 — Liability protection

124. §210 — Governmental powers unimpaired

125. §211 — Rules and regulations

126. §211 — Section 51d of this title was repealed by act June 30, 1947, ch. 166, title II, § 206(b) , ( o ), 61 Stat. 208 . For effect of the repeal on outstanding debentures held by banks, see References in Text note set out under section 51b–1 of this title .

127. §212 — Right to amend; separability

128. §212 — Section 51d of this title was repealed by act June 30, 1947, ch. 166, title II, § 206(b) , ( o ), 61 Stat. 208 . For effect of the repeal on outstanding debentures held by banks, see References in Text note set out under section 51b–1 of this title .

129. §213 — Transferred

130. §214 — Definitions

131. § 214a. Procedure for conversion, merger, or consolidation; vote of stockholders

132. § 214b. Continuation of business and corporate entity

133. § 214c. Conversions in contravention of State law

134. § 214d. Prohibition on conversion

135. §215 — Consolidation of banks within same State

136. § 215a. Merger of national banks or State banks into national banks

137. § 215b. Definitions

138. § 215c. Mergers, consolidations, and other acquisitions authorized

139. Section 1815(d)(3) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), which related to optional conversions by insured depository institutions subject to special rules on deposit insurance payments, was struck out and former section 1815(d)(1)(C) redesignated section 1815(d)(3) by Pub. L. 109–173, § 8(a)(4) , (5)(D), Feb. 15, 2006 , 119 Stat. 3610 , 3611.

140. §216 — Purpose

141. § 216a. Definitions

142. § 216b. Disposition of unclaimed property

143. § 216c. Rules and regulations

144. § 216d. Severability

145. §221 — Definitions

146. §221 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

147. § 221a. Additional definitions

148. §222 — Federal reserve districts; membership of national banks

149. §222 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

150. §223 — Number of Federal reserve cities in district

151. §224 — Status of reserve cities under former statutes

152. §225 — Federal reserve banks; title

153. § 225a. Maintenance of long run growth of monetary and credit aggregates

154. § 225b. Appearances before and reports to the Congress

155. §226 — “Federal Reserve Act”

156. §227 — “Banking Act of 1933”

157. §228 — “Banking Act of 1935”

158. §241 — Creation; membership; compensation and expenses

159. §242 — Ineligibility to hold office in member banks; qualifications and terms of office of members; chairman and vice chairman; oath of office

160. §242 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

161. §243 — Assessments upon Federal reserve banks to pay expenses

162. §243 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

163. §244 — Principal offices of Board; chairman of Board; obligations and expenses; qualifications of members; vacancies

164. §244 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

165. §245 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

166. §245 — Vacancies during recess of Senate

167. §246 — Powers of Secretary of the Treasury as affected by chapter

168. §246 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

169. §247 — Reports to Congress

170. §247 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

171. §247 — Section 57a(f)(7) of title 15 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1092(3) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2095 .

172. § 247a. Records of action on policy relating to open-market operation and policies determined generally; inclusion in report to Congress

173. § 247b. Appearances before Congress

174. §248 — Enumerated powers

175. §248 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

176. § 248a. Pricing of services

177. § 248b. Annual independent audits of Federal reserve banks and Board

178. § 248c. Master account and services database

179. §250 — Independence of financial regulatory agencies

180. §252 — Credit availability assessment

181. §253 — Open data publication by the Board of Governors

182. §261 — Creation; membership; compensation; meetings; officers; procedure; quorum; vacancies

183. §261 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

184. §262 — Powers

185. §262 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

186. §263 — Federal Open Market Committee; creation; membership; regulations governing open-market transactions

187. §264 — Transferred

188. §265 — Insured banks as depositaries of public money; duties; security; discrimination between banks prohibited; repeal of inconsistent laws

189. §266 — State-chartered banks and other institutions as depositaries of public money; fiscal agents; duties

190. §281 — Capital

191. §282 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

192. §282 — Subscription to capital stock by national banking association

193. §283 — Public subscription to capital stock

194. §285 — Nonvoting stock

195. §286 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

196. §286 — Transfers of stock; rules and regulations

197. §287 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

198. §287 — Value of shares of stock; increase and decrease of stock; member banks as shareholders; surrender of shares

199. §288 — Cancellation of stock held by member bank on insolvency or discontinuance of banking operations for sixty days; repayment of cash-paid subscriptions

200. §288 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

201. §289 — Dividends and surplus funds of reserve banks; transfer for fiscal year 2000

202. §290 — Use of earnings transferred to the Treasury

203. §301 — Powers and duties of board of directors; suspension of member bank for undue use of bank credit

204. §301 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

205. §302 — Number of members; classes

206. §302 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

207. §303 — Qualifications and disabilities

208. §303 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

209. §304 — Class A and class B directors; selection

210. §304 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

211. §305 — Class C directors; selection; “Federal reserve agent”

212. §305 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

213. §306 — Assistants to Federal reserve agent

214. §306 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

215. §307 — Compensation of directors

216. §307 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

217. §308 — Terms of directors; vacancies

218. §321 — Application for membership

219. §321 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

220. §321 — Section 6(a) of Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1957, eff. June 30, 1957 , 22 F.R. 4633, 71 Stat. 647 , set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, abolished Reconstruction Finance Corporation.

221. §322 — Determination on application

222. §322 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

223. §323 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

224. §323 — Stock in Federal reserve banks; method of payment

225. §324 — Laws applicable on becoming members

226. §325 — Examinations

227. §325 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

228. §326 — Acceptance of examinations and reports by State authorities; special examinations

229. §326 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

230. §327 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

231. §327 — Surrender of stock and cancellation of memberships

232. §328 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

233. §328 — Withdrawals from membership

234. §329 — Capital stock required as condition precedent to membership

235. §330 — Laws applicable on becoming members; discounts for State banks

236. §331 — Certifying checks on State banks admitted as members

237. §331 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

238. §332 — Depositaries of public money; financial agents; security required

239. §333 — Mutual savings banks; application and admission to membership in Federal Reserve System

240. §333 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

241. §334 — Reports from affiliates; penalty for failure to furnish

242. §334 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

243. §335 — Dealing in investment securities; limitations and conditions

244. §336 — Certificates of stock; representation of stock of other corporations

245. §338 — Examination of affiliates; forfeiture of membership on refusal of affiliate to give information or pay expense

246. §338 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

247. § 338a. Investments to promote public welfare and community development; limitation on investments

248. §339 — Participation by State member banks in lotteries and related activities

249. § 339a. Resolution of clearing banks

250. Section 4422 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title VII, § 740 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1729 .

251. §341 — General enumeration of powers

252. §342 — Deposits; exchange and collection; member and nonmember banks or other depository institutions; charges

253. §342 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

254. §343 — Discount of obligations arising out of actual commercial transactions

255. §343 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

256. §344 — Discount or purchase of bills to finance agricultural shipments

257. §344 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

258. §345 — Rediscount of notes, drafts, and bills for member banks; limitation of amount

259. §346 — Discount of acceptances

260. §347 — Advances to member banks on their notes

261. §347 — Section 1463 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 648 .

262. §347 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

263. § 347a. Advances to member bank groups; inadequate amounts of eligible and acceptable assets; liability of individual banks in group; distribution of loans among banks of group; rate of interest; notes accepted for advances as collateral security for Federal reserve notes; foreign obligations as security for advances

264. Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

265. Section 347b of this title , referred to in first par., was in the original a reference to section 10(b), meaning section 10(b) of the Federal Reserve Act. Section 10(b) of that Act was renumbered section 10B by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(a)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2279 , without a corresponding amendment to this section.

266. § 347b. Advances to individual member banks on time or demand notes; maturities; time notes secured by mortgage loans covering one-to-four family residences

267. § 347c. Advances to individuals, partnerships, and corporations; security; interest rate

268. Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

269. § 347d. Transactions between Federal Reserve banks and branch or agency of foreign bank; matters considered

270. §348 — Discount of obligations given for agricultural purposes or based upon livestock; collateral security for Federal reserve notes

271. §348 — Section 16 of this Act, referred to in text, means section 16 of act Dec. 23, 1913 . For classification of section 16 to this title, see Codification note set out under section 411 of this title .

272. §348 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

273. Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

274. § 348a. Transactions with foreign banks; supervision of Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System

275. §349 — Rediscount for intermediate credit banks of obligations given for agricultural purposes; discount of notes made pursuant to section 1031

276. §349 — Section 1031 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 92–181, title V, § 5 .26(a), Dec. 10, 1971 , 85 Stat. 624 . See section 2074 of this title .

277. §349 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

278. §350 — Purchase and sale of debentures and like obligations of intermediate credit banks and agricultural credit corporations

279. §350 — Title I of the Federal Farm Loan Act, referred to in text, is title I of act July 17, 1916, ch. 245 , 39 Stat. 360 . Title I was classified to chapter 7 (§ 641 et seq.) of this title, and was repealed by Pub. L. 92–181, title V, § 5 .26(a), Dec. 10, 1971 , 85 Stat. 624 .

280. §350 — Title II of the Agricultural Credits Act, act Mar. 4, 1923 , title II, §§ 201–217, 42 Stat. 1461 , authorized creation of national agricultural credit corporations, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 86–230 , Sept. 18, 1959 , § 24, 73 Stat. 466 . Prior to such repeal, act June 16, 1933 , § 77, 48 Stat. 292 , had prohibited the creation, after June 16, 1933 , of national agricultural credit corporations authorized to be formed under the Agricultural Credits Act.

281. §351 — Obligations of cooperative marketing association as issued or drawn for agricultural purposes

282. §352 — Limitation on amount of obligations of certain maturities which may be discounted and rediscounted

283. §352 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

284. §353 — Purchase and sale of cable transfers, acceptances and bills

285. §353 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

286. §354 — Transactions involving gold coin, bullion, and certificates

287. §355 — Purchase and sale of obligations of National, State, and municipal governments; open market operations; purchases and sales from or to United States; maximum aggregate amount of obligations acquired directly from or loaned directly to United States

288. §355 — Section 1463 of this title , referred to in par. (1), was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 648 .

289. §355 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

290. §356 — Purchase of commercial paper from member banks and sale of same

291. §357 — Establishment of rates of discount

292. §357 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

293. §358 — Establishment of accounts for purposes of open-market operations; correspondents and agencies

294. §358 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

295. §359 — Purchase and sale of acceptances of intermediate credit banks and agricultural credit corporations

296. §359 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

297. §359 — Title II of the Agricultural Credits Act, act Mar. 4, 1923 , title II, §§ 201–217, 42 Stat. 1461 , authorized creation of national agricultural credit corporations, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 86–230 , Sept. 8, 1959 , § 24, 73 Stat. 466 . Prior to such repeal, act June 16, 1933 , § 77, 48 Stat. 292 , had prohibited the creation, after June 16, 1933 , of national agricultural credit corporations authorized to be formed under the Agricultural Credits Act.

298. §360 — Receiving checks and drafts on deposit at par; charges for collections, exchange, and clearances

299. §360 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

300. §361 — Bills receivable, bills of exchange, acceptances; regulations by Board of Governors

301. §361 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed the name of the Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

302. §371 — Real estate loans

303. § 371b. Rate of interest on time deposits; payment of time deposits before maturity; waiver of notice requirements for withdrawal of savings deposits

304. § 371c. Banking affiliates

305. § 371d. Investment in bank premises or stock of corporation holding premises

306. Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

307. §372 — Bankers’ acceptances

308. §372 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

309. §372 — Section 3105 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original a reference to section 7 of the International Banking Act of 1978, Pub. L. 95–369 , Sept. 17, 1978 , 92 Stat. 620 , which enacted sections 347d and 3105 of this title.

310. §373 — Acceptance of drafts or bills drawn by banks in foreign countries or dependencies of United States for purpose of dollar exchange

311. §373 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed the name of the Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

312. §374 — Acting as agent for nonmember bank in getting discounts from reserve bank

313. §374 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

314. § 374a. Acting as agent for nonbanking borrower in making loans on securities to dealers in stocks, bonds, etc.; penalties

315. § 375a. Loans to executive officers of banks

316. § 375b. Extensions of credit to executive officers, directors, and principal shareholders of member banks

317. §376 — Rate of interest paid to directors, etc.

318. §378 — Dealers in securities engaging in banking business; individuals or associations engaging in banking business; examinations and reports; penalties

319. §391 — Federal reserve banks as Government depositaries and fiscal agents

320. § 391a. Reimbursement of Federal Reserve Banks

321. §392 — Depositaries of Government funds as confined to banks in Federal reserve system; member banks as depositaries

322. §393 — Federal reserve banks as depositaries for Farm Credit System

323. §394 — Federal reserve banks as depositaries for and fiscal agents of Home Owners’ Loan Corporation

324. §395 — Federal reserve banks as depositaries, custodians and fiscal agents for Commodity Credit Corporation

325. §411 — Issuance to reserve banks; nature of obligation; redemption

326. §411 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

327. §412 — Application for notes; collateral required

328. §412 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

329. §413 — Distinctive letter and serial number of notes; cancellation of notes unfit for circulation; accounting; apportionment of credit among Federal Reserve banks

330. §413 — Section 203(a) of Act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

331. §414 — Authority of Board of Governors respecting issuance of notes; interest; lien

332. §414 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

333. §415 — Reduction of liability for outstanding notes by depositing notes and collateral and payment of notes of series prior to 1928; reissue of deposited notes

334. §415 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

335. §415 — Section 4 of the Old Series Currency Adjustment Act, referred to in text, which was classified to section 913 of former Title 31, was repealed by Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(b) , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1068 , the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance.

336. §416 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

337. §416 — Section 4 of the Old Series Currency Adjustment Act, referred to in text, which was classified to section 913 of former Title 31, was repealed by Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(b) , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1068 , the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance.

338. §416 — Withdrawal of collateral deposited to protect notes and substitution of other collateral; retirement of notes; payment of notes of series prior to 1928; recovery of collateral; reissue of deposited notes

339. §417 — Custody and safe-keeping of notes issued to and collateral deposited with Reserve agent

340. §417 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

341. §418 — Printing of notes; denomination and form

342. §419 — Delivery of notes prior to delivery to banks

343. §420 — Control and direction of plates and dies; expense of issue and retirement of notes paid by banks

344. §421 — Examination of plates and dies

345. §461 — Reserve requirements

346. §461 — Section 25 of this Act and section 25, referred to in subsec. (b)(6), (12)(C), mean section 25 of act Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6 , which is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title.

347. §461 — Section 25A, referred to in subsec. (b)(12)(C), means section 25A of act Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6 , known as the Edge Act, which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title.

348. §461 — Section 404 of the National Housing Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1727 ), referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IV, § 407 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 363 .

349. §463 — Limitation on amount of balance with any depository institution without access to Federal Reserve advances

350. §463 — Section 347b of this title , referred to in text, was in the original a reference to section 10(b) of this Act, meaning section 10(b) of the Federal Reserve Act. Section 10(b) of that Act was renumbered section 10B by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(a)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2279 , without a corresponding amendment to this section.

351. §464 — Checking against and withdrawal of reserve balance

352. §464 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

353. §465 — Basis for ascertaining deposits against which required balance is determined

354. §466 — Reserves of banks in dependencies or insular possessions

355. §466 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

356. §467 — Deposits of gold coin, gold certificates, and Special Drawing Right certificates with United States Treasurer

357. §467 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

358. §481 — Appointment of examiners; examination of member banks, State banks, and trust companies; reports The Comptroller of the Currency, with the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury, shall appoint examiners who shall examine every national bank as often as the Comptroller of the Currency shall deem necessary. The examiner making the examination of any national bank shall have power to make a thorough examination of all the affairs of the bank and in doing so he shall have power to administer oaths and to examine any of the officers and agents thereof under oath and shall make a full and detailed report of the condition of said bank to the Comptroller of the Currency: Provided, That in making the examination of any national bank the examiners shall include such an examination of the affairs of all its affiliates other than member banks as shall be necessary to disclose fully the relations between such bank and such affiliates and the effect of such relations upon the affairs of such bank; and in the event of the refusal to give any information required in the course of the examination of any such affiliate, or in the event of the refusal to permit such examination, all the rights, privileges, and franchises of the bank shall be subject to forfeiture in accordance with section 2 of the Federal Reserve Act, as amended (U.S.C., title 12, secs. 141, 222–225, 281–286, and 502).1 The Comptroller of the Currency shall have power, and he is authorized, to publish the report of his examination of any national banking association or affiliate which shall not within one hundred and twenty days after notification of the recommendations or suggestions of the Comptroller, based on said examination, have complied with the same to his satisfaction. Ninety days' notice prior to such publicity shall be given to the bank or affiliate. The examiner making the examination of any affiliate of a national bank shall have power to make a thorough examination of all the affairs of the affiliate, and in doing so he shall have power to administer oaths and to examine any of the officers, directors, employees, and agents thereof under oath and to make a report of his findings to the Comptroller of the Currency. If any affiliate of a national bank refuses to pay any assessments, fees, or other charges imposed by the Comptroller of the Currency pursuant to this subchapter or fails to make such payment not later than 60 days after the date on which they are imposed, the Comptroller of the Currency may impose such assessments, fees, or charges against the affiliated national bank, and such assessments, fees, or charges shall be paid by such national bank. If the affiliation is with 2 or more national banks, such assessments, fees, or charges may be imposed on, and collected from, any or all of such national banks in such proportions as the Comptroller of the Currency may prescribe. The examiners and assistant examiners making the examinations of national banking associations and affiliates thereof herein provided for and the chief examiners, reviewing examiners and other persons whose services may be required in connection with such examinations or the reports thereof, shall be employed by the Comptroller of the Currency with the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury; the employment and compensation of examiners, chief examiners, reviewing examiners, assistant examiners, and of the other employees of the office of the Comptroller of the Currency whose compensation is and shall be paid from assessments on banks or affiliates thereof or from other fees or charges imposed pursuant to this subchapter shall be set and adjusted subject to chapter 71 of title 5 and without regard to the provisions of other laws applicable to officers or employees of the United States. The funds derived from such assessments, fees, or charges may be deposited by the Comptroller of the Currency in accordance with the provisions of section 192 of this title and shall not be construed to be Government funds or appropriated monies; and the Comptroller of the Currency is authorized and empowered to prescribe regulations governing the computation and assessment of the expenses of examinations herein provided for and the collection of such assessments from the banks and/or affiliates examined or of other fees or charges imposed pursuant to this subchapter. Such funds shall not be subject to apportionment for the purpose of chapter 15 of title 31 or under any other authority. If any affiliate of a national bank shall refuse to permit an examiner to make an examination of the affiliate or shall refuse to give any information required in the course of any such examination, the national bank with which it is affiliated shall be subject to a penalty of not more than $5,000 for each day that any such refusal shall continue. Such penalty may be assessed by the Comptroller of the Currency and collected in the same manner as expenses of examinations. The Comptroller of the Currency, upon the request of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, is authorized to assign examiners appointed under this subchapter to examine foreign operations of State banks which are members of the Federal Reserve System. (R.S. §5240 (pars.); Feb. 19, 1875, ch. 89, 18 Stat. 329 ; Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, §21, 38 Stat. 271 ; June 16, 1933, ch. 89, §28, 48 Stat. 192 ; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, §203(a), title III, §343, 49 Stat. 704 , 722; June 30, 1948, ch. 762, §1, 62 Stat. 1163 ; Apr. 30, 1956, ch. 228, §1, 70 Stat. 124 ; Pub. L. 96–221, title VII, §709, Mar. 31, 1980, 94 Stat. 188 ; Pub. L. 100–86, title V, §505(b), Aug. 10, 1987, 101 Stat. 633 ; Pub. L. 101–73, title IX, §907(f), Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 470 ; Pub. L. 102–242, title I, §114(b), Dec. 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 2248 ; Pub. L. 111–203, title III, §318(a)(1), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1526 .)

359. §482 — Employees of Office of Comptroller of the Currency; appointment; compensation and benefits

360. §483 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

361. §483 — Special examination of member banks; information of condition furnished to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System

362. §484 — Limitation on visitorial powers

363. §485 — Examination of Federal reserve banks

364. §485 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

365. §486 — Waiver of requirements as to reports from or examinations of affiliates

366. §501 — Liability of Federal reserve or member bank for certifying check when amount of deposit was inadequate

367. §501 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

368. § 501a. Forfeiture of franchise of national banks for failure to comply with provisions of this chapter

369. Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

370. §502 — Liability of shareholders of Federal reserve banks on contracts, etc.

371. §503 — Liability of directors and officers of member banks

372. §504 — Civil money penalty

373. §505 — Civil money penalty

374. §506 — Notice after separation from service

375. §521 — Reserve-bank branches; establishment; directors; discontinuance of branches; approval for erection of branch bank building

376. §521 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

377. §522 — Federal Reserve branch bank buildings

378. §531 — Exemption from taxation

379. §541 — Tax on circulating notes generally

380. §548 — State taxation

381. §582 — Receipt of United States or bank notes as collateral

382. §601 — Authorization; conditions and regulations

383. §601 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

384. §602 — Reports and examinations

385. §602 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

386. §603 — Restrictions imposed by Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System on banks purchasing stock in corporations doing foreign business

387. §603 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

388. §604 — Accounts of foreign branches; profit and loss

389. § 604a. Regulations authorizing exercise by foreign branches of usual powers of local banks; restrictions

390. §611 — Formation authorized; fiscal agents; depositaries in insular possessions

391. Section 3(a) of the International Banking Act of 1978, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 95–369, § 3(a) , Sept. 17, 1978 , 92 Stat. 608 , which is set out below.

392. § 611a. Statement of purposes; rules and regulations

393. §612 — Articles of association; contents

394. §613 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

395. §613 — Signing of articles of association; forwarding to and filing by Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; organization certificate; contents

396. §614 — Organization certificate; acknowledgment; forwarding to, filing, and approval by Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; permit to do business; body corporate; name; seal; corporate succession; contracts; suits; directors, officers, and employees; bylaws

397. §614 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

398. §615 — Powers of corporation

399. §615 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

400. §616 — Place of carrying on business; when business may be begun

401. §616 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

402. §617 — Engaging in commerce or trade in commodities; price fixing; forfeiture of charter; acts forbidden to directors, officers, agents, or employees

403. §618 — Capital stock; amount; when paid in

404. §618 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

405. §619 — Capital stock; by whom held; ownership of capital stock by foreign bank

406. §620 — Members of Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System without interest in corporation

407. §620 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

408. §621 — Liability of shareholders on unpaid subscriptions; membership of corporation in Federal reserve bank prohibited

409. §622 — Forfeiture of rights and privileges; dissolution; liability of directors and officers

410. §622 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

411. §623 — Voluntary liquidation

412. §624 — Appointment of receiver or conservator

413. §625 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

414. §625 — Stockholders’ meetings; books and records; reports; examination

415. §626 — Dividends; surplus fund

416. §627 — State taxation

417. §628 — Extension of corporate existence

418. §628 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

419. §629 — Conversion of banking corporations into Federal corporations; procedure

420. §629 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

421. §630 — Offenses by officers of corporation; punishment

422. §630 — Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , changed name of Federal Reserve Board to Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

423. §631 — False representations as to liability of United States for acts of corporation; punishment

424. §632 — Jurisdiction of United States courts; disposition by banks of foreign owned property

425. §632 — Section 12B of this Act, referred to in the text, was section 12B of the Federal Reserve Act and was formerly classified to section 264 of this title . Section 12B was withdrawn from the Federal Reserve Act and made a separate act to be known as the Federal Deposit Insurance Act by section 1 of act Sept. 21, 1950, ch. 967 , 64 Stat. 873 . The Federal Deposit Insurance Act is classified generally to chapter 16 (§ 1811 et seq.) of this title.

426. §633 — Potential liability on foreign accounts

427. §635 — Powers and functions of Bank

428. § 635a. Management of Bank

429. § 635b. Capitalization of Bank; method of capital stock payments; public-debt transactions; issuance of stock certificates

430. § 635d. Issuance of debentures, bonds, etc.; obligations redeemable; payment of interest; obligations purchasable by Secretary of the Treasury; public-debt transactions

431. § 635e. Aggregate loan, guarantee, and insurance authority

432. § 635f. Termination date of Bank’s functions; exceptions; liquidation

433. § 635g. Report to Congress; time for submission; contents

434. § 635h. Exemption from prohibition of section 955 of title 18

435. § 635j. Export financing program to foster foreign trade and commercial interest of the United States

436. Section 1. Establishment of Advisory Committee . (a) There is hereby established the Export Expansion Advisory Committee (hereinafter referred to as “the Committee”).

437. § 635k. Apportionment of losses incurred on loans, guarantees, and insurance; reimbursement; contingent obligations

438. § 635l. Authorization for appropriation of funds for losses

439. § 635m. Loans, guarantees, and insurance subject to the provisions of this chapter

440. § 635n. Prohibition of loans, guarantees, and insurance as to sales of defense articles or services

441. § 635o. Congressional statement of purpose

442. § 635p. Presidential mandate to negotiate; objectives

443. § 635q. Establishment of tied aid credit program in United States Export-Import Bank

444. § 635r. Establishment of tied aid credit program administered by Trade and Development Agency

445. § 635s. Implementation

446. § 635t. Definitions

447. § 1131j. Transferred

448. §1141 — Declaration of policy; effective merchandising of agricultural commodities; speculation; cooperative marketing; surpluses; administration of chapter

449. § 1141h. Avoidance of duplication; cooperation with other governmental establishments; obtaining information and data; cooperation with States, Territories, and agencies or subdivisions thereof; indicating research problems; transfer of offices, functions, etc.

450. § 1141j. Miscellaneous provisions

451. §1150 — Compromise, adjustment, and cancellation of farm loans; conditions; delegation of powers and duties by Secretary of Agriculture

452. § 1150a. Farm loans to which chapter is applicable

453. Section 32 of the Act of August 24, 1935 , referred to in text, is classified to section 612c of Title 7 .

454. § 1150b. Authorization of appropriations

455. Section 8 of the Farmer-to-Consumer Direct Marketing Act of 1976, referred to in text, is section 8 of Pub. L. 94–463 , Oct. 8, 1976 , 90 Stat. 1983 , which is set out as a note under section 5145 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

456. § 1150c. Self-hauling of hay or other roughages under hay transportation assistance program; liability for or refund of excess payments; availability of funds for payments

457. §1421 — Short title

458. §1422 — Definitions

459. §1422 — Section 1441a of this title , referred to in par. (9)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title III, § 364(b) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1555 .

460. §1423 — Federal Home Loan Bank districts; number and boundaries; establishment of Federal Home Loan Banks; names

461. §1424 — Eligibility for membership

462. §1424 — Section 461 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(C), was in the original “section 19 of the Federal Reserve Act”. Definition provisions of section 19 are classified to section 461 of this title . Other provisions of section 19 are classified to sections 142, 371b, 371b–1, 374, 374a, 463 to 466, 505, and 506 of this title.

463. §1426 — Capital structure of Federal home loan banks

464. § 1426a. Exclusion from certain requirements

465. §1427 — Directors

466. §1427 — Section 1202(2) of Pub. L. 110–289 , which directed amendment of this section by substituting “member” for “elective” wherever appearing other than in subsecs. (d), (e), and (f), was executed by making the substitution in subsec. (h) but not in subsecs. (b) and (c) to reflect the probable intent of Congress and subsequent amendment by Pub. L. 110–289, § 1202(3)(A) , (4)(A). See 2008 Amendment notes below.

467. §1428 — Examination of State laws, regulations, and procedures; studies of values, etc.

468. §1429 — Eligibility to secure advances

469. §1430 — Advances to members

470. § 1430b. Advances to nonmember mortgagee; terms and conditions

471. § 1430c. Housing goals

472. Section 4566 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), was in the original “section 1336 of the Federal Housing Enterprises Safety and Soundness Act of 1992”, which was translated as meaning section 1336 of the Federal Housing Enterprises Financial Safety and Soundness Act of 1992, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

473. §1431 — Powers and duties of banks

474. §1431 — Section 9105 of title 31 , referred to in subsec. (j), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–576, title III, § 305 , Nov. 15, 1990 , 104 Stat. 2853 , and, as so amended, subsec. (a) does not contain a par. (1)(B). Prior to the general amendment, subsec. (a)(1)(B) related to audits of mixed-ownership Government corporations during periods in which capital of the United States Government was invested therein.

475. §1432 — Incorporation of banks; corporate powers; housing project loans

476. §1432 — Section 2184 of title 22 , referred to in subsec. (b), which related to housing projects in Latin American countries, was omitted in the general amendment made by section 105 of Pub. L. 91–175 , Dec. 30, 1969 , 83 Stat. 807 . See section 2182 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

477. §1433 — Exemption from taxation; obligations acceptable as credit on debt of home owner

478. §1434 — Depositaries of public money; financial agents

479. §1435 — Obligations as lawful investments; liability of United States for debentures, etc., issued by banks

480. §1436 — Reserves and dividends; emergency suspensions of requirements

481. § 1438a. Nonadministrative expenses; expenses of studies and investigations

482. § 1439a. Deposits in special fund; availability for all purposes of Federal Home Loan Bank Board and Federal Home Loan Bank Administration

483. Section 1439 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title VII, § 708 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 418 .

484. §1440 — Examinations and audits

485. § 1440a. Sharing of information among Federal Home Loan Banks

486. §1441 — Financing Corporation

487. §1441 — Section 1725 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (c)(2), (e)(2)(A), and (g)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IV, § 407 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 363 .

488. §1441 — Section 9105 of title 31 , referred to in subsec. (h)(3), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–576, title III, § 305 , Nov. 15, 1990 , 104 Stat. 2853 , and, as so amended, no longer contains provisions relating to mixed-ownership Government corporations having capital of the Government.

489. § 1441b. Resolution Funding Corporation established

490. Section 9105 of title 31 , referred to in subsec. (h)(3), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–576, title III, § 305 , Nov. 15, 1990 , 104 Stat. 2853 , and, as so amended, no longer contains provisions relating to mixed-ownership Government corporations having capital of the Government.

491. §1442 — Member financial information

492. §1443 — Forms of bank stock and obligations

493. §1444 — Eligibility to membership in banks

494. §1445 — Succession of Federal Home Loan Banks

495. §1446 — Liquidation or reorganization; acquisition of assets by other banks; assumption of liabilities

496. §1448 — Effect of partial invalidity of chapter

497. §1449 — Reservation of right to amend or repeal chapter

498. §1451 — Definitions

499. §1452 — Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

500. §1453 — Capitalization of Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

501. §1454 — Purchase and sale of mortgages; residential mortgages; conventional mortgages; terms and conditions of sale or other disposition; authority to enter into, perform, and carry out transactions

502. §1454 — Section 4542 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed and a new section 4542 was added by Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title I , §§ 1121(2), 1124(d), July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2689 , 2693. The new section 4542 does not relate to obtaining the approval of the Secretary.

503. §1455 — Obligations and securities of the Corporation

504. §1455 — Section 1452(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (i), was redesignated section 1452(d) of this title by Pub. L. 101–73, title VII, § 731(c)(1) , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 431 .

505. §1456 — Immunity of Corporation; audits and reporting requirements; data collection; Housing Advisory Council

506. §1457 — Prohibited activities; penalties for violations by organizations, officers and members of organizations, and individuals

507. §1458 — Territorial applicability

508. §1459 — Separability

509. §1461 — Short title

510. §1462 — Definitions

511. § 1462a. Administrative provisions

512. §1463 — Supervision of savings associations

513. §1464 — Federal savings associations

514. § 1464a. Election to operate as a covered savings association

515. §1465 — State law preemption standards for Federal savings associations clarified

516. §1466 — Applicability

517. § 1466a. District associations

518. §1467 — Examination fees

519. § 1467a. Regulation of holding companies

520. § 1467b. Intermediate holding companies

521. §1468 — Transactions with affiliates; extensions of credit to executive officers, directors, and principal shareholders

522. § 1468a. Advertising

523. § 1468b. Powers of examiners

524. Title LXII of the Revised Statutes, referred to in par. (1), consists of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244, which are classified to sections 16, 21, 22 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 26, 27, 29, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

525. § 1468c. Separability

526. §1469 — Authority to invest in State housing corporations

527. §1470 — Federal supervision of insured institutions, State member and nonmember banks; access to information; definitions

528. §1470 — Section 401(a) of the National Housing Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), which was classified to section 1724 of this title , was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IV, § 407 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 363 .

529. §1701 — Short title

530. § 1701a. Short title of amendment of 1938

531. § 1701b. Short title of amendment of 1942

532. § 1701c. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development

533. § 1701h. Advisory committees; payment of transportation and other expenses

534. § 1701k. Right to redeem property on which United States has lien

535. § 1701l. Limitation on interest rates of insured mortgages; terms of sales

536. § 1701m. Credit and cancellation of notes transferred from Reconstruction Finance Corporation; net loss computation

537. Section 6(a) of Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1957, eff. June 30, 1957 , 22 F.R. 4633, 71 Stat. 647 , set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, abolished Reconstruction Finance Corporation.

538. § 1701n. Reduction of vulnerability of congested urban areas to enemy attack

539. § 1701o. Annual report of Secretary

540. § 1701p. Contents of report to President and Congress

541. § 1701q. Supportive housing for the elderly

542. § 1701r. Congressional findings respecting housing for senior citizens

543. § 1701s. Rent supplement payments for qualified lower income families

544. Section 236 contracts, referred to in subsec. (m)(2), refer to contracts under section 1715z–1 of this title .

545. § 1701t. Congressional affirmation of national goal of decent homes and suitable living environment for American families

546. § 1701u. Economic opportunities for low- and very low-income persons

547. Section 1437 l of title 42, referred to in subsecs. (c)(1)(A) and (d)(1)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 522(a) , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2564 .

548. § 1701v. Congressional findings and declaration for improved architectural design in Government housing programs

549. § 1701w. Budget, debt management, and related counseling services for mortgagors; authorization of appropriations

550. § 1701x. Assistance with respect to housing for low- and moderate-income families

551. Section 11408(b)(1)(F)(iii) of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(B)(viii), (C)(vi), was redesignated section 11408(b)(1)(J)(iii) of this title by Pub. L. 111–22, div. B ., title IV, § 1401(2)(C)(i), May 20, 2009 , 123 Stat. 1697 .

552. Section 152 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1992, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is section 152 of Pub. L. 102–550 , which was set out as a note under section 1437f of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–276, title V, § 550(f) , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2610 .

553. Section 23(c)(4) of the United States Housing Act of 1937, referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(B)(ii)(IV), (C)(ii)(III), was classified to section 1437u(c)(4) of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, and was redesignated as section 23(d)(4) of that Act and then amended generally by Pub. L. 115–174, title III, § 306(a)(4) , (6)(D), May 24, 2018 , 132 Stat. 1340 , 1341. As amended, section 1437u(d)(4) of Title 42 still relates to an employment requirement but no longer contains a provision for counseling.

554. Section 302(a)(4) of the American Homeownership and Economic Opportunity Act of 2000, referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(B)(iii), is section 302(a)(4) of Pub. L. 106–569 , title III, Dec. 27, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2953 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 1437f of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

555. § 1701y. National Homeownership Foundation

556. § 1701z. New technologies in the development of housing for lower income families

557. §1702 — Administrative provisions

558. §1703 — Insurance of financial institutions

559. §1703 — Section 1706a of this title , referred to in subsec. (e), was repealed by act June 3, 1939, ch. 175, § 3 , 53 Stat. 805 , eff. July 1, 1939 .

560. §1705 — Allocation of funds

561. § 1706b. Taxation of real property held by Secretary

562. § 1706c. Insurance of mortgages

563. Section 203(b)(2)(D) of this Act, referred to in subsec. (f), which was formerly classified to section 1709(b)(2)(D) of this title , was repealed by act Aug. 2, 1954, ch. 649, title I, § 104 , 68 Stat. 591 .

564. § 1706d. Applicability

565. § 1706f. Prohibition against kickbacks and unearned fees

566. §1707 — Definitions

567. §1707 — Section 541 of Pub. L. 102–550 was transferred and is set out as a note under section 1701 of this title ;

568. §1707 — Section 542 of Pub. L. 102–550 was transferred to section 1715z–22 of this title ;

569. §1707 — Section 543 of Pub. L. 102–550 , as amended by Pub. L. 111–203, title III, § 371 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1565 , was omitted from the Code;

570. §1707 — Section 544 of Pub. L. 102–550 was transferred to section 1715z–22a of this title .

571. §1708 — Federal Housing Administration operations

572. §1708 — Section 1709(s) of this title , which was transferred and redesignated as subsec. (e) of this section by Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2116(3) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2832 , was based on act June 27, 1934, ch. 847, title II, § 203(s) , as added Pub. L. 101–235, title I, § 135 , Dec. 15, 1989 , 103 Stat. 2028 ; amended Pub. L. 108–386, § 8(b) , Oct. 30, 2004 , 118 Stat. 2231 ; Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2116(2) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2832 .

573. §1708 — Section 3537b(c) of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (b)(5), was in the original “section 112(c) of the Department of Housing and Urban Development Reform Act of 1989”, meaning section 112 of Pub. L. 101–235 , which does not contain a subsec. (c), but enacted section 13 of the Department of Housing and Urban Development Act, which was classified to section 3537b of title 42 prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–65, § 11(b)(1) , Dec. 19, 1995 , 109 Stat. 701 , and which contained a subsec. (c) relating to registration with the Secretary.

574. §1709 — Insurance of mortgages

575. §1709 — Section 1711(g) of this title , referred to in subsec. (w), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2118(c)(1) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2835 .

576. §1709 — Section 1715m of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(2)(D), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2120(a)(5) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2835 .

577. §1709 — Section 1715z–10 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2120(a)(7) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2835 .

578. § 1709a. Determination of loan-to-value ratios

579. §1710 — Payment of insurance

580. §1711 — General Surplus and Participating Reserve Accounts

581. §1712 — Investment of funds

582. § 1712a. Indexing of FHA multifamily housing loan limits

583. §1713 — Rental housing insurance

584. §1713 — Section 1715a of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), which related to additional housing insurance, was repealed by act June 3, 1939, ch. 175, § 13 , 53 Stat. 807 .

585. §1713 — Section 1720 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IV, § 483(a)], Nov. 30, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1240 .

586. §1713 — Section 8211 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(B), was omitted from the Code pursuant to section 8229 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, which terminated authority under that section on June 30, 1989 .

587. §1714 — Taxation

588. §1715 — Statistical and economic surveys

589. § 1715b. Rules and regulations

590. § 1715c. Labor standards

591. Section 1715a of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), which related to additional housing insurance, was repealed by section 13 of act June 3, 1939, ch. 175 , 53 Stat. 807 .

592. § 1715d. Insurance of mortgages on property in Alaska, Guam, Hawaii, and Virgin Islands

593. § 1715e. Cooperative housing insurance

594. Section 1720 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B)(i), was repealed by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IV, § 483(a)], Nov. 30, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1240 .

595. Section 8211 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (p), was omitted from the Code pursuant to section 8229 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, which terminated authority under that section on June 30, 1989 .

596. § 1715f. Process of applications and issuance of commitments

597. § 1715g. Insurance of mortgage where mortgagor is not occupant of property

598. § 1715k. Rehabilitation and neighborhood conservation housing insurance

599. Section 1720 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(B)(iii)(III), was repealed by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IV, § 483(a)], Nov. 30, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1240 .

600. Section 8211 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(B)(iii)(V), was omitted from the Code pursuant to section 8229 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, which terminated authority under that section on June 30, 1989 .

601. § 1715l. Housing for moderate income and displaced families

602. § 1715n. Miscellaneous mortgage insurance

603. Section 1437 o of title 42, referred to in subsec. (f)(5), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–625, title II, § 289(b) , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 4128 .

604. Section 1715z–10 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(7)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2120(a)(7) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2835 .

605. Section 1720 of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(2), (3), was repealed by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IV, § 483(a)], Nov. 30, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1240 .

606. § 1715o. Interest rate on debentures; method of establishment

607. § 1715p. Insurance of advances under open-end mortgages; payment of charges; eligibility and conditions

608. § 1715q. Delivery of statement of appraisal or estimates to home buyers

609. Section 1715m of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2120(a)(5) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2835 .

610. Section 1715z–2 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2120(a)(6) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2835 .

611. § 1715r. Requirement of builder’s cost certification; definitions

612. § 1715s. Treatment of mortgages covering tax credit projects

613. § 1715t. Voluntary termination of insurance

614. § 1715u. Authority to assist mortgagors in default

615. § 1715v. Insurance of mortgages for housing for elderly persons

616. Section 1701q of this title , referred to in subsec. (f), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–625, title VIII, § 801(a) , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 4297 , and, as so amended, no longer defines the term “handicapped family”.

617. Section 1720 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IV, § 483(a)], Nov. 30, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1240 .

618. Section 8211 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(C), was omitted from the Code pursuant to section 8229 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, which terminated authority under that section on June 30, 1989 .

619. § 1715w. Mortgage insurance for nursing homes, intermediate care facilities, and board and care homes

620. Section 1521 of the Public Health Service Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(4)(A), is section 1521 of act July 1, 1944 , which was classified to section 300m of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal, effective Jan. 1, 1987 , by Pub. L. 99–660, title VII, § 701(a) , Nov. 14, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3799 .

621. Section 8211 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(B), was omitted from the Code pursuant to section 8229 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, which terminated authority under that section on June 30, 1989 .

622. § 1715x. Experimental housing insurance

623. § 1715y. Mortgage insurance for condominiums

624. Section 119(a)(2) substituted “project” for “structure”, wherever appearing, and “projects” for “structures” in last sentence;

625. Section 119(a)(4) substituted “this subsection” for “this section”, wherever appearing, and “under any section” for “under another section” in first sentence;

626. Section 119(a)(5) substituted “section 1715e(a)(1) and (2)” for “section 1715e”, in two places; and

627. Section 119(a)(6) substituted in third sentence: in cl. (A), “amount not to exceed $30,000” for “amount not to exceed the limits per room and per family dwelling unit provided by section 1713(c)(3) of this title ”; in cl. (A)(i), “$15,000” for “$13,500”; in cl. (A)(ii), “$15,000” and “$20,000” for “$13,500” and “$18,000”, respectively; in cl. (A)(iii), “75 per centum” and “$20,000” for “70 per centum” and “$18,000”, respectively; and in cl. (B), “thirty-five” for “thirty” years.

628. Section 1720 of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(3)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IV, § 483(a)], Nov. 30, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1240 .

629. Section 318 of Pub. L. 96–399 , cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by Pub. L. 97–35, title III, § 339B(d)(2) , Aug. 13, 1981 , 95 Stat. 417 . See 1981 Amendments note for subsec. (c)(2) set out above.

630. Section 8211 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (j), was omitted from the Code pursuant to section 8229 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, which terminated authority under that section on June 30, 1989 .

631. § 1715z. Homeownership or membership in cooperative association for lower income families

632. Section 101 of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (i)(3)(A), is section 101 of Pub. L. 89–117 , title I, Aug. 10, 1965 , 79 Stat. 451 , which enacted section 1701s of this title and amended sections 1451 and 1465 of Title 42.

633. Section 1709–1 of this title , referred to in subsec. (q)(4)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IV, § 404(a)], Nov. 30, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1208 .

634. Section 1715z–10 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (c)(2)(A) and (q)(12), (14), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2120(a)(7) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2835 .

635. Section 1715z–2 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2120(a)(6) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2835 .

636. §1716 — Declaration of purposes of subchapter

637. § 1716b. Partition of Federal National Mortgage Association into Federal National Mortgage Association and Government National Mortgage Association; assets and liabilities; operations

638. Section 1720 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IV, § 483(a)], Nov. 30, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1240 .

639. §1717 — Federal National Mortgage Association and Government National Mortgage Association

640. §1717 — Section 1720 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(2)(A) and (b)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IV, § 483(a)], Nov. 30, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1240 .

641. §1717 — Section 4542 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(6), was repealed and a new section 4542 was added by Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title I , §§ 1122, 1124(d), July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2693 . The new section 4542 does not relate to obtaining the approval of the Secretary.

642. § 1717a. Prohibition against sale of obligations by Federal departments and agencies after June 30, 1966 , without compliance with requirements of section 1717(c) of this title or without approval by Secretary of the Treasury; exemption

643. §1718 — Capitalization of Federal National Mortgage Association

644. §1719 — Secondary market operations

645. §1721 — Management and liquidation functions of Government National Mortgage Association

646. §1721 — Section 1718(d) of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a) and (c), authorizing the issuance of preferred stock to the Secretary of the Treasury, was repealed by Pub. L. 93–383, title VIII, § 806(i) , Aug. 22, 1974 , 88 Stat. 728 .

647. §1721 — Section 1720 of this title , referred to in subsec. (f), was repealed by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IV, § 483(a)], Nov. 30, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1240 .

648. §1722 — Benefits and burdens incident to administration of functions and operations under sections 1720 and 1721

649. §1722 — Section 1720 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 98–181, title I [title IV, § 483(a)], Nov. 30, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1240 .

650. §1723 — Management

651. § 1723a. General powers of Government National Mortgage Association and Federal National Mortgage Association

652. Section 806 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is section 806 of Pub. L. 93–383 , title VIII, Aug. 22, 1974 , 88 Stat. 727 . Subsection (k) of section 806 amended this subsec. (d)(2) relative to employment subject to the civil service retirement law. For complete classification of section 806 to the Code, see Tables.

653. § 1723b. Investment of funds

654. § 1723c. Obligations, participations, or other instruments as lawful investments; acceptance as security; exempt securities

655. § 1723d. Transfer of certain functions to Association

656. § 1723i. Civil money penalties against issuers

657. § 1731a. Penalties

658. § 1731b. Prohibition against transient housing

659. §1732 — Separability

660. §1733 — Application of other laws

661. §1733 — Section 1430(a) of this title , referred to in text, was amended by Pub. L. 106–102, title VI, § 604(a) , Nov. 12, 1999 , 113 Stat. 1451 , and, as so amended, the provisions formerly appearing in section 1430(a)(1) now appear in section 1430(a)(3)(A).

662. §1733 — Section 606i of title 15 , referred to in text, was omitted from the Code. See note under section 606i of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

663. §1733 — Section 77B of the Bankruptcy Act, referred to in text, was classified to section 207 of former Title 11, Bankruptcy. The Bankruptcy Act ( act July 1, 1898, ch. 541 , 30 Stat. 544 , as amended), which was classified generally to former Title 11, was repealed effective Oct. 1, 1979 , by Pub. L. 95–598 , §§ 401(a), 402(a), Nov. 6, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2682 , section 101 of which enacted Revised Title 11. See table preceding section 101 of Revised Title 11.

664. §1734 — Amendment, extension, or increase of commitment amounts

665. §1735 — Payment of certain funds to Treasury

666. §1735 — Section 1715a of this title , referred to in par. (1), in the original was a reference to section 210 of the National Housing Act ( June 27, 1934, ch. 847, § 210 , as added Feb. 3, 1938, ch. 13, § 3 , 52 Stat. 22 ), which was repealed by act June 3, 1939, ch. 175, § 13 , 53 Stat. 807 . See note set out under section 1715a.

667. §1735 — Section 484d of title 48 , referred to in text, which authorized the Federal Housing Commissioner to prescribe a higher maximum for the principal obligation of mortgages, was omitted from the Code.

668. § 1735a. Prepayment of mortgages by nonprofit educational institutions; refunds

669. § 1735b. Expenditures to correct or reimburse for structural or other major defects in mortgaged homes

670. § 1735c. General Insurance Fund

671. Section 1715z–2 of this title , referred to in subsec. (e), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. B, title I, § 2120(a)(6) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2835 .

672. § 1735d. Payment of insurance benefits in cash or debentures; borrowing money from Treasury to make payments

673. § 1735e. Acceptance of materials or products used in structures

674. § 1735f. Water and sewerage facilities

675. § 1735g. Mortgage relief for homeowners who are unemployed as result of closing of Federal installation

676. §1736 — Definitions

677. §1738 — Insurance of mortgages

678. §1739 — Mortgage insurance benefits

679. §1741 — State taxation of realty held by Secretary

680. §1742 — Rules and regulations

681. §1743 — Insurance of mortgages

682. §1744 — Insurance of loans for manufacture of houses

683. §1745 — Insurance of mortgages on sales of Government housing; limits and conditions; Greenbelt towns; State housing

684. §1745 — section 1743 of this title

685. §1746 — Insurance on mortgages on large-scale housing projects

686. §1746 — Section 1709(b)(2)(D) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(4), is a reference to subsec. (b)(2)(D) of section 1709 prior to amendment by section 104 of act Aug. 2, 1954, ch. 649 , 68 Stat. 590 .

687. § 1746a. Termination of commitment authority under this subchapter

688. §1747 — Purpose of subchapter; authorization; terms and conditions; expiration of insurance contract

689. § 1747a. Eligibility for insurance

690. § 1747b. Premium charges; fees for examination and inspection

691. § 1747c. Rent schedules

692. § 1747d. Excess earnings used for amortization of original investment

693. § 1747e. Financial statements by Secretary

694. § 1747f. Payment of claims; assignment of benefits by investors

695. § 1747g. Debentures

696. § 1747h. Termination of insurance contract by investor

697. § 1747j. Taxation of real property

698. § 1747k. Rules and regulations

699. § 1747l. Definitions

700. §1748 — Definitions

701. § 1748b. Insurance of mortgages

702. § 1748d. Lease of property; terms and conditions

703. § 1748e. Mortgages on property in Alaska

704. Section 1715d of this title , referred to in text, was in the original “section 214 of the National Housing Act, as amended”. Section 214 of that Act was classified originally to section 1715d of this title and to section 484d of Title 48 , Territories and Insular Possessions. Section 484d of Title 48 has been omitted from the Code.

705. § 1748f. Rules and regulations

706. § 1748g. Cost certification

707. § 1749aaa. Insurance of mortgages

708. Section 8211 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was omitted from the Code pursuant to section 8229 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, which terminated authority under that section on June 30, 1989 .

709. § 1749d. Cost of inspections and of providing representatives

710. §1750 — Definitions

711. § 1750b. Insurance in critical areas

712. Section 1715h of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 100–242, title IV, § 401(a)(1) , Feb. 5, 1988 , 101 Stat. 1898 .

713. § 1750c. Mortgage insurance benefits

714. § 1750e. Taxation

715. § 1750f. Rules and regulations

716. § 1750g. Insurance of additional mortgages

717. §1751 — Short title

718. §1752 — Definitions

719. §1752 — Section 1. Revision . (a) The National Credit Union Administration Board has caused to be made, and has recommended approval of, a new seal of office for the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), the design of which accompanies and is hereby made a part of this order [not set out in the Code], and which is described as follows:

720. § 1752a. National Credit Union Administration

721. Section 1 of act June 29, 1948 transferred to the Federal Security Agency all functions, powers, and duties of the Farm Credit Administration and of the Governor thereof under the Federal Credit Union Act, as amended [this chapter], together with the functions of the Secretary of Agriculture with respect thereto, which were transferred to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation by Reorganization Plan Numbered 1 of 1947, part IV, section 401 [set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees].

722. Section 2 of act June 29, 1948, ch. 711 , 62 Stat. 1091 , which was formerly classified to section 1751a of this title , provided for the establishment in the Federal Security Agency of a Bureau of Federal Credit Unions, which were under the supervision of a Director appointed by the Federal Security Administrator. The Bureau of Federal Credit Unions and the Director thereof were under the general direction and supervision of the Federal Security Administrator. The functions, powers, and duties of the Farm Credit Administration under the Federal Credit Union Act, as amended [this chapter], were exercised by the Bureau of Federal Credit Unions. The functions, powers, and duties of the Governor of the Farm Credit Administration under the Federal Credit Union Act, as amended [this chapter], were exercised by the Director of the Bureau of Federal Credit Unions.

723. Section 3 of act June 29, 1948 transferred to the Federal Security Agency, to be used in the administration of the functions, transferred, (a) all property, including office equipment, transferred to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation pursuant to Executive Order 9148 of April 27, 1942 [see note under section 1751 of this title ], and in use on the effective date of this Act [see section 5 of act June 29, 1948 , set out as a note below]; (b) all property, including office equipment, purchased by the Corporation for use exclusively in connection with the administration of the Federal Credit Union Act, as amended [this chapter], the cost of which had been charged to such functions and which were in use on the effective date of this Act; (c) all records and files pertaining exclusively to the supervision of Federal Credit Unions; and (d) all personnel employed primarily in the administration of the Federal Credit Union Act, as amended [this chapter], on the effective date of this Act.

724. Section 4 of act June 29, 1948 transferred all funds allocated, specifically or otherwise, in the budget of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation for the administration of the Federal Credit Union Act, as amended [this chapter], during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1949 , which were unexpended on the effective date of this Act [see section 5 of act June 29, 1948 , set out as a note below], to the Federal Security Agency for use in the administration of the Federal Credit Union Act, as amended [this chapter]. The Corporation was to be reimbursed for the funds so transferred and for all other funds expended by it prior to the effective date of this Act in the administration of the Federal Credit Union Act, as amended [this chapter], in excess of fees from Federal Credit unions received by the Corporation, by deducting such amounts from the first moneys payable to the Secretary of the Treasury on account of the retirement of the stock of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation owned by the United States, and the Corporation was to have a charge on such stock for such amounts.

725. Section 5 of act June 29, 1948 provided that the Act was to become effective on the thirtieth day following the date of enactment.

726. §1753 — Federal credit union organization

727. §1754 — Approval of organization certificate

728. §1755 — Fees

729. §1756 — Reports and examinations

730. §1757 — Powers

731. §1757 — Section 77d(5) of title 15 , referred to in par. (15)(A), was redesignated section 77d(a)(5) of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade, by Pub. L. 112–106, title II, § 201(b)(1) , (c)(1), Apr. 5, 2012 , 126 Stat. 314 .

732. § 1757a. Limitation on member business loans

733. §1758 — Bylaws

734. §1759 — Membership

735. §1760 — Members’ meetings

736. §1761 — Management

737. § 1761a. Officers of the board

738. § 1761b. Board of directors; meetings; powers and duties; executive committee; membership officers; membership application

739. § 1761c. Credit committee

740. § 1761d. Supervisory committee; powers and duties; suspension of members; passbook

741. §1763 — Dividends

742. §1764 — Expulsion and withdrawal

743. §1765 — Minors

744. §1766 — Powers of Board

745. §1767 — Fiscal agents and depositories; authorization to secure deposits by governmental bodies

746. §1768 — Taxation

747. §1769 — Separability; right to alter, amend, or repeal chapter

748. §1770 — Allotment of space in Federal buildings or Federal land

749. §1771 — Conversion from Federal to State credit union and from State to Federal credit union

750. §1772 — Territorial application of chapter

751. § 1772a. Gifts; acceptance of conditional gifts; deposit

752. § 1772b. Apportionment

753. Section 906(a) of title 2 , referred to in text, was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–508, title XIII, § 13101(d)(1) , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1388–589 , and subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 111–139, title I, § 10(a) , Feb. 12, 2010 , 124 Stat. 21 . Provisions similar to those formerly appearing in section 906(a)(2) are now contained in section 906(k)(6) of Title 2 , The Congress.

754. § 1772c. Trust fund

755. § 1772d. Forfeiture of organization certificate for money laundering or cash transaction reporting offenses

756. § 1772e. Data standards

757. § 1772f. Open data publication

758. §1773 — District of Columbia credit unions; conversion to Federal status

759. §1774 — Approval of certificate; assets and obligations of applicant credit union

760. §1775 — Conditions upon conversion to Federal status

761. §1781 — Insurance of member accounts

762. §1781 — Section 1404(e)(1)(A) of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (e)(3), is section 1404(e)(1)(A) of Pub. L. 101–73 , which is set out as a note under section 1811 of this title .

763. §1782 — Administration of insurance fund

764. §1783 — National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund

765. §1784 — Examination of insured credit unions

766. §1785 — Requirements governing insured credit unions

767. §1785 — Section 1008 of title 18 , referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(A)(i)(I), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IX, § 961(g)(1) , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 500 .

768. §1785 — Section 141(a) of Pub. L. 97–320 , set out as a note under section 1464 of this title , as in effect on the day after Aug. 27, 1986 , applicable as if included in Pub. L. 97–320 on Oct. 15, 1982 , with no amendment made by such section to any other provision of law to be deemed to have taken effect before Aug. 27, 1986 , and any such provision of law to be in effect as if no such amendment had taken effect before Aug. 27, 1986 , see section 1(c) of Pub. L. 99–400 , set out as a note under section 1464 of this title .

769. §1786 — Termination of insured credit union status; cease and desist orders; removal or suspension from office; procedure

770. §1787 — Payment of insurance

771. §1788 — Section 6101 of title 41 shall not apply to any purchase or contract for services or supplies made or entered into by the Board under this section if the amount thereof does not exceed $1,000, or to any contract for hazard insurance on any real property acquired or held by it under this section.

772. §1788 — Special assistance to avoid liquidation

773. §1789 — Administrative provisions

774. §1789 — Section 9105 of title 31 , referred to in subsec. (b)(3), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–576, title III, § 305 , Nov. 15, 1990 , 104 Stat. 2853 , and as so amended no longer directs audits to be conducted in accordance with principles and procedures applicable to commercial corporate transactions.

775. § 1789a. Credit unions as depositaries of public money; fiscal agents; duties

776. §1790 — Nondiscriminatory provision

777. § 1790a. Board disapproval of directors, committee members, and senior executive officers of insured credit unions

778. Section 914(b) of Pub. L. 101–73 , which directed that this section be added to title II of “the Federal Credit Union Insurance Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1781 et seq.)” was executed by adding this section to the Federal Credit Union Act, which comprises this chapter, as the probable intent of Congress.

779. § 1790b. Credit union employee protection remedy

780. § 1790c. Reward for information leading to recoveries or civil penalties

781. § 1790d. Prompt corrective action

782. § 1790e. Temporary Corporate Credit Union Stabilization Fund

783. §1795 — Congressional findings

784. §1795 — Section 309(b)(1) of Pub. L. 96–221 redesignated subch. III as title III of act June 26, 1934, ch. 750 , cited as a credit to this section.

785. § 1795a. Definitions

786. Section 309(b)(1) of Pub. L. 96–221 redesignated subch. III as title III of act June 26, 1934, ch. 750 , cited as a credit to this section.

787. § 1795b. National Credit Union Administration Central Liquidity Facility; establishment; management; jurisdiction

788. Section 309(b)(1) of Pub. L. 96–221 redesignated subch. III as title III of act June 26, 1934, ch. 750 , cited as a credit to this section.

789. § 1795c. Membership

790. Section 309(b)(1) of Pub. L. 96–221 redesignated subch. III as title III of act June 26, 1934, ch. 750 , cited as a credit to this section.

791. § 1795d. Capital stock

792. Section 309(b)(1) of Pub. L. 96–221 redesignated subch. III as title III of act June 26, 1934, ch. 750 , cited as a credit to this section.

793. § 1795e. Extensions of credit

794. Section 309(b)(1) of Pub. L. 96–221 redesignated subch. III as title III of act June 26, 1934, ch. 750 , cited as a credit to this section.

795. § 1795f. Powers of Board

796. Section 309(b)(1) of Pub. L. 96–221 redesignated subch. III as title III of act June 26, 1934, ch. 750 , cited as a credit to this section.

797. § 1795g. Depositories, custodians, and fiscal agents

798. Section 309(b)(1) of Pub. L. 96–221 redesignated subch. III as title III of act June 26, 1934, ch. 750 , cited as a credit to this section.

799. § 1795h. Audit of financial transactions

800. Section 309(b)(1) of Pub. L. 96–221 redesignated subch. III as title III of act June 26, 1934, ch. 750 , cited as a credit to this section.

801. § 1795i. Annual report

802. Section 309(b)(1) of Pub. L. 96–221 redesignated subch. III as title III of act June 26, 1934, ch. 750 , cited as a credit to this section.

803. § 1795j. Agent of Federal Reserve System

804. § 1795k. State and local tax exemption

805. §1811 — Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

806. §1811 — Section 12B of the Federal Reserve Act was withdrawn from the Federal Reserve Act and made a separate Act by section 1 of act Sept. 21, 1950 , and set out as this chapter.

807. §1812 — Management

808. §1813 — Definitions

809. §1813 — Section 1817(b)(2)(C) of this title , referred to in subsec. (y)(3), was redesignated section 1817(b)(2)(D) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title III, § 331(a)(2) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1538 .

810. §1814 — Insured depository institutions

811. §1815 — Deposit insurance

812. §1816 — Factors to be considered

813. §1817 — Assessments

814. §1818 — Termination of status as insured depository institution

815. §1819 — Corporate powers

816. §1820 — Administration of Corporation

817. §1820 — Title II of that Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(A), probably means title II of Pub. L. 111–203 , known as the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, which is classified principally to subchapter II (§ 5381 et seq.) of chapter 53 of this title. The Financial Stability Act of 2010, which is title I of Pub. L. 111–203 , does not contain titles. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see Tables.

818. § 1820a. Examination of investment companies

819. §1821 — Insurance Funds

820. § 1821a. FSLIC Resolution Fund

821. Section 1441a of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(2) and (e), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title III, § 364(b) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1555 .

822. §1822 — Corporation as receiver

823. §1823 — Corporation monies

824. §1823 — Section 1730a of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(4)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IV, § 407 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 363 .

825. §1824 — Borrowing authority

826. §1825 — Issuance of notes, debentures, bonds, and other obligations; exemptions

827. §1826 — Forms of obligations; preparation by Secretary of the Treasury

828. §1827 — Reports by Corporation; audit of financial transactions; report on audits; employment of certified public accountants for audits

829. §1828 — Regulations governing insured depository institutions

830. §1828 — Section 633 of this title shall apply to every nonmember insured bank in the same manner and to the same extent as if the nonmember insured bank were a member bank.

831. § 1828a. Prudential safeguards

832. Title LXII of the Revised Statutes, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), consists of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244, which are classified to sections 16, 21, 22 to 24a, 25a, 25b, 26, 27, 29, 35 to 37, 39, 43, 52, 53, 55 to 57, 59 to 62, 66, 71, 72 to 76, 81, 83 to 86, 90, 91, 93, 93a, 94, 141 to 144, 161, 164, 181, 182, 192 to 194, 196, 215c, 481 to 485, 501, 541, 548, and 582 of this title. See, also, sections 8, 333, 334, 475, 656, 709, 1004, and 1005 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 5133 to 5244 to the Code, see Tables.

833. § 1828b. Interagency data sharing

834. §1829 — Penalty for unauthorized participation by convicted individual

835. §1829 — Section 1008 of title 18 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A)(i)(I), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IX, § 961(g)(1) , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 500 .

836. § 1829a. Participation by State nonmember insured banks in lotteries and related activities

837. § 1829b. Retention of records by insured depository institutions

838. § 1829c. Making online banking initiation legal and easy

839. §1830 — Nondiscrimination

840. §1831 — Separability of certain provisions of this chapter The provisions of this chapter limiting the insurance of the deposits of any depositor to a maximum less than the full amount shall be independent and separable from each and all of the provisions of this chapter. (Sept. 21, 1950, ch. 967, §2[23], formerly §2[21], 64 Stat. 894 ; renumbered §2[22], Pub. L. 90–203, §3, Dec. 15, 1967, 81 Stat. 610 ; renumbered §2[23], Pub. L. 91–508, title I, §101, Oct. 26, 1970, 84 Stat. 1114 .)

841. § 1831a. Activities of insured State banks

842. Section 1831u of this title , referred to in subsec. (j)(4), was subsequently amended, and subsec. (f) of section 1831u no longer defines the terms “host State”, “home State”, and “out-of-State bank”. However, such terms are defined elsewhere in that section.

843. § 1831aa. Enforcement of agreements

844. § 1831b. Disclosures with respect to certain federally related mortgage loans

845. § 1831bb. Capital requirements for certain acquisition, development, or construction loans

846. § 1831c. Assuring consistent oversight of subsidiaries of holding companies

847. Section 1841( o )(8) of this title, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), was in the original “section 2( o )(8) of the Bank Holding Company Act” and was translated as reading “section 2( o )(8) of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

848. Section 1844(c)(5) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was in the original “section 5(c)(5) of the Bank Holding Company Act” and was translated as reading “section 5(c)(5) of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

849. § 1831cc. Data standards

850. § 1831d. State-chartered insured depository institutions and insured branches of foreign banks

851. § 1831dd. Open data publication

852. § 1831e. Activities of savings associations

853. § 1831f. Brokered deposits

854. § 1831g. Contracts between depository institutions and persons providing goods, products, or services

855. § 1831i. Agency disapproval of directors and senior executive officers of insured depository institutions or depository institution holding companies

856. § 1831j. Depository institution employee protection remedy

857. § 1831k. Reward for information leading to recoveries or civil penalties

858. § 1831l. Coordination of risk analysis between SEC and Federal banking agencies

859. § 1831m. Early identification of needed improvements in financial management

860. § 1831n. Accounting objectives, standards, and requirements

861. Section 1833d, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 121(b) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2251 .

862. § 1831o. Prompt corrective action

863. § 1831p. Transferred

864. § 1831q. FDIC affordable housing program

865. Section 1204(c)(3) of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(B), is section 1204(c)(3) of Pub. L. 101–73 , which is set out as a note under section 1811 of this title .

866. Section 14(b) of the Resolution Trust Corporation Completion Act, referred to in subsec. (n)(1), is section 14(b) of Pub. L. 103–204 , which is set out below.

867. Section 1441a of this title , referred to in subsecs. (b)(2)(D)(ii), (g)(1)(B), and (n)(1), (4), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title III, § 364(b) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1555 .

868. § 1831r. Payments on foreign deposits prohibited

869. § 1831s. Transferred

870. § 1831t. Depository institutions lacking Federal deposit insurance

871. § 1831u. Interstate bank mergers

872. § 1831v. Authority of State insurance regulator and Securities and Exchange Commission

873. Section 1848a of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(3), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title VI, § 604(c)(2) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1601 .

874. § 1831w. Safety and soundness firewalls applicable to financial subsidiaries of banks

875. Section 121(b) of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(4), is section 121(b) of Pub. L. 106–102 , title I, Nov. 12, 1999 , 113 Stat. 1378 , which amended section 371c of this title .

876. § 1831x. Insurance customer protections

877. § 1831y. CRA sunshine requirements

878. § 1831z. Bi-annual FDIC survey and report on encouraging use of depository institutions by the unbanked

879. §1832 — Section 1724 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(5), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IV, § 407 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 363 .

880. §1832 — Withdrawals by negotiable or transferable instruments for transfers to third parties

881. § 1833a. Civil penalties

882. § 1833b. Comparability in compensation schedules

883. § 1833c. Comptroller General audit and access to records

884. § 1833e. Equal opportunity

885. §1834 — Reduced assessment rate for deposits attributable to lifeline accounts

886. § 1834a. Assessment credits for qualifying activities relating to distressed communities

887. § 1834b. Community development organizations

888. Section 1602(i) of title 15 , referred to in subsec. (a)(3), was redesignated section 1602(j) of title 15 by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

889. §1835 — Insured depository institution capital requirements for transfers of small business obligations

890. § 1835a. Prohibition against deposit production offices

891. §1841 — Definitions

892. §1841 — Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(G), is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title. Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 .

893. §1842 — Acquisition of bank shares or assets

894. §1842 — Section 141(a) of Pub. L. 97–320 , set out as a note under section 1464 of this title , as in effect on the day after Aug. 27, 1986 , applicable as if included in Pub. L. 97–320 on Oct. 15, 1982 , with no amendment made by such section to any other provision of law to be deemed to have taken effect before Aug. 27, 1986 , and any such provision of law to be in effect as if no such amendment had taken effect before Aug. 27, 1986 , see section 1(c) of Pub. L. 99–400 , set out as a note under section 1464 of this title .

895. §1842 — Section 1823(f)(8)(D) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), which defined “bank in danger of closing”, was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title II, § 217(5)(H) , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 257 .

896. §1843 — Interests in nonbanking organizations

897. §1844 — Administration

898. §1844 — Section 1843( l )(1)(C) of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated section 1843( l )(1)(D) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title VI, § 606(a)(2) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1607 .

899. §1846 — Reservation of rights to States

900. §1847 — Penalties

901. §1848 — Judicial review

902. §1849 — Saving provision

903. §1850 — Acquisition of subsidiary and tying arrangement: Federal Reserve Board proceedings; application for authorization; competitor as party in interest and person aggrieved; judicial review

904. Section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(4)(B)(v), popularly known as the Edge Act, is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 611 of this title and Tables.

905. § 1850a. Securities holding companies

906. Title I, referred to in subsec. (a)(4)(B)(i), is title I of Pub. L. 111–203 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1391 , known as the Financial Stability Act of 2010, which is classified principally to subchapter I (§ 5311 et seq.) of chapter 53 of this title. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5301 of this title and Tables.

907. §1851 — Prohibitions on proprietary trading and certain relationships with hedge funds and private equity funds

908. §1851 — Section 102 of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958, referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(E), probably should be section 103 of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958, which is classified to section 662 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

909. §1851 — Section 8 of the International Banking Act of 1978, referred to in subsecs. (d)(1)(G)(vi)(I), (II) and (h)(1), is section 8 of Pub. L. 95–369 , which enacted section 3106 of this title and amended section 1841 of this title .

910. §1851 — Section 8 of the International Banking Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B)(i)(II), probably means section 8 of Pub. L. 95–369 , known as the International Banking Act of 1978, which enacted section 3106 of this title and amended section 1841 of this title .

911. §1852 — Concentration limits on large financial firms

912. §1861 — Short title and definitions

913. §1862 — Amount of investment in bank service company

914. §1863 — Permissible bank service company activities for depository institutions

915. §1864 — Permissible bank service company activities for other persons

916. §1865 — Prior approval for investments in bank service companies

917. §1866 — Services to nonstockholders or nonmembers

918. §1867 — Regulation and examination of bank service companies

919. §1881 — “Federal supervisory agency” defined

920. §1882 — Security measures

921. §1883 — Insurance rates; report to Congress

922. §1884 — Penalties for violations

923. §1951 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

924. §1951 — Title I of Pub. L. 91–508, title II of Pub. L. 91–508 , titles I and II of Pub. L. 91–508 , and subchapter II of chapter 53 of Title 31, Money and Finance, have each been popularly known as the “Bank Secrecy Act”. Title I of Pub. L. 91–508 , Oct. 26, 1970 , 84 Stat. 1114 , as amended, enacted this chapter, former section 1730d of this title , and section 1829b of this title . Title II of Pub. L. 91–508 , Oct. 26, 1970 , 84 Stat. 1118 , as amended, also known as the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act, enacted chapter 21 (§ 1051 et seq.) of former Title 31, Money and Finance, which was repealed and reenacted as subchapter II of chapter 53 of Title 31, Money and Finance, by Pub. L. 97–258, § 4(b) , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1067 , the first section of which enacted Title 31. For complete classification of Pub. L. 91–508 to the Code, see Tables.

925. §1952 — Reports on ownership and control

926. §1953 — Recordkeeping and procedures

927. §1953 — Section 1724 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IV, § 407 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 363 .

928. §1954 — Injunctions

929. §1955 — Civil penalties

930. §1956 — Criminal penalty

931. §1957 — Additional criminal penalty in certain cases

932. §1957 — Section 1730d of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IV, § 407 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 363 .

933. §1958 — Compliance

934. §1959 — Administrative procedure

935. §1959 — Section 1730d of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IV, § 407 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 363 .

936. §1960 — Safe harbor with respect to keep open directives

937. §1971 — Definitions

938. §1972 — Certain tying arrangements prohibited; correspondent accounts

939. §1973 — Jurisdiction of courts; duty of United States attorneys; equitable proceedings; petition; expedition of cases; temporary restraining orders; bringing in additional parties; subpenas

940. §1974 — Actions by United States; subpenas for witnesses

941. §1975 — Civil actions by persons injured; jurisdiction and venue; amount of recovery

942. §1976 — Injunctive relief for persons against threatened loss or damages; equitable proceedings; preliminary injunctions

943. §1977 — Limitation of actions; suspension of limitations

944. §1978 — Actions under other Federal or State laws unaffected; regulations or orders barred as a defense

945. §2001 — Congressional declaration of policy and objectives

946. §2001 — Section 2254(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was amended by Pub. L. 115–334, title V, § 5411(31)(B)(ii)(II) , (iii), Dec. 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4683 . Section 5411(31)(B)(ii)(II) of Pub. L. 115–334 amended section 2254(b) of this title by striking out the third sentence of par. (1), which read as follows: “Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding sentence and any other provision of this chapter, for the period July 1, 1986 , through December 31, 1988 , the institutions of the Farm Credit System may, on the prior approval of the Farm Credit Administration and subject to such conditions as it may establish, capitalize annually their provision for losses that is in excess of one-half of 1 percent of loans outstanding and amortize such capitalized amounts over a period not to exceed 20 years.” Section 5411(31)(B)(iii) of Pub. L. 115–334 amended section 2254(b) of this title in part by striking out par. (2), which read as follows: “In accordance with the regulations of the Farm Credit Administration, for the period ending December 31, 1992 , System institutions are authorized to use the authorities contained in the third sentence of paragraph (1) except as otherwise provided in section 2278a–6 of this title .”

947. §2002 — Farm Credit System

948. §2011 — Establishment, charters, titles, branches

949. §2011 — Section 410 of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1987, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 410 of Pub. L. 100–233 , which is set out as a note below.

950. §2012 — Board of directors

951. §2013 — General corporate powers

952. §2014 — Farm Credit Bank capitalization

953. §2015 — Lending authority

954. §2016 — Interest rates and other charges

955. §2017 — Eligibility

956. §2018 — Security; terms

957. §2019 — Purposes for extensions of credit

958. §2020 — Related services

959. §2021 — Loans through associations or agents

960. §2022 — Liens on stock

961. §2023 — Taxation

962. §2071 — Organization and charters

963. §2072 — Board of directors

964. §2073 — General corporate powers

965. §2074 — Production credit association capitalization

966. §2075 — Short- and intermediate-term loans; participation; other financial assistance; terms; conditions; interest; security

967. §2076 — Other services

968. § 2076a. Liens on stock

969. §2077 — Taxation

970. §2091 — Organizations; articles; charters; powers of the Farm Credit Administration

971. §2092 — Board of directors

972. §2093 — General corporate powers

973. §2094 — Federal land bank association capitalization

974. §2096 — Agreements for sharing gains or losses

975. §2097 — Liens on stock

976. §2098 — Taxation

977. §2121 — Establishment; titles; branches

978. §2122 — Corporate existence; general corporate powers

979. §2123 — Board of directors

980. §2124 — Stock of banks for cooperatives

981. §2125 — Dividends

982. §2126 — Retirement of stock

983. §2127 — Guaranty fund subscriptions in lieu of stock

984. §2128 — Loans, commitments, and technical and financial assistance

985. §2129 — Eligibility

986. §2130 — Ownership of stock by borrowers

987. §2131 — Loans

988. §2132 — Earnings and reserves; application of savings

989. §2133 — Distribution of assets on liquidation or dissolution

990. §2134 — Taxation

991. §2141 — Charter, powers, and operation

992. §2141 — Section 413 of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1987, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), is section 413 of Pub. L. 100–233 , which is set out as a note under section 2121 of this title .

993. §2143 — Credit delivery office

994. §2143 — Section 413 of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1987, referred to in text, is section 413 of Pub. L. 100–233 , which is set out as a note under section 2121 of this title .

995. §2144 — Consolidation of functions

996. §2145 — Exchange of ownership interests

997. §2146 — Capitalization

998. §2147 — Patronage pools

999. §2148 — Transactions to accomplish merger

1000. §2149 — Lending limits

1001. §2153 — Power to borrow; issuance of notes, bonds, debentures, and other obligations

1002. §2154 — Capital adequacy of banks and institutions

1003. § 2154a. Capitalization of System institutions

1004. §2155 — Liability of banks; United States not liable

1005. §2157 — Bonds as investments

1006. §2158 — Purchase and sale by Federal Reserve System

1007. §2159 — Purchase and sale of obligations

1008. §2160 — Federal Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation

1009. §2162 — Protection of borrower stock

1010. §2183 — Dissolution; voluntary or involuntary liquidation; mergers; receiverships or conservators

1011. §2184 — Communications with stockholders

1012. §2199 — Disclosure

1013. §2200 — Access to documents and information

1014. §2201 — Notice of action on application

1015. §2202 — Reconsideration of actions

1016. § 2202a. Restructuring distressed loans

1017. § 2202b. Effect of restructuring on borrower stock

1018. § 2202d. Protection of borrowers who meet all loan obligations

1019. § 2202e. Waiver of mediation rights by borrowers

1020. §2203 — Nomination of association directors; representative selection of nominees

1021. §2205 — Interest rates

1022. §2206 — Participation loans

1023. § 2206a. Authority of Farm Credit Banks and direct lender associations to participate in loans to similar entities for risk management purposes

1024. §2207 — Young, beginning, and small farmers and ranchers

1025. §2208 — Prohibition against use of signed ballots

1026. §2211 — Establishment

1027. §2212 — Powers of Farm Credit Administration

1028. §2213 — Regulation and examination

1029. §2214 — State laws

1030. § 2214a. “Bank” defined

1031. §2218 — Lines of insurance

1032. §2219 — Limitation on separate sale

1033. § 2219a. Right of first refusal

1034. § 2219b. Application of uninsured accounts

1035. § 2219c. Affirmative action

1036. § 2219d. Encouragement of conservation practices

1037. § 2219e. Liability for making criminal referrals

1038. §2221 — Transferred

1039. §2241 — Farm Credit Administration

1040. §2242 — Farm Credit Administration Board

1041. §2243 — Powers of Board

1042. §2244 — Chairman; responsibilities; governing standards

1043. §2245 — Organization of Farm Credit Administration

1044. §2246 — Advisory committees

1045. §2248 — Seal of the Farm Credit Administration

1046. §2249 — Administrative expenses

1047. §2250 — Farm Credit Administration operating expenses fund

1048. §2251 — Quarters and facilities for the Farm Credit Administration

1049. §2252 — Powers and duties

1050. §2254 — Examinations

1051. §2255 — Conditions of other banks and lending institutions

1052. §2256 — Consent to the availability of reports and to examinations

1053. §2257 — Reports on conditions of institutions receiving loans or deposits

1054. § 2257a. Uniform financial reporting instructions

1055. §2258 — Jurisdiction

1056. §2259 — State legislation

1057. §2260 — Transferred

1058. §2261 — Cease and desist proceedings

1059. §2262 — Temporary cease and desist orders

1060. §2263 — Enforcement of temporary cease and desist orders

1061. §2264 — Suspension or removal of director or officer

1062. §2265 — Suspension or removal of director or officer charged with felony

1063. § 2265a. Removal and prohibition authority; industry-wide prohibition

1064. §2266 — Hearings and judicial review

1065. §2267 — Jurisdiction and enforcement

1066. § 2267a. Jurisdiction over institution-affiliated parties

1067. §2268 — Penalty

1068. §2269 — Further penalties

1069. §2270 — Replacement of suspended or removed directors

1070. §2271 — Definitions

1071. §2272 — Notice of service

1072. §2273 — Ancillary provisions; subpena power; etc.

1073. §2274 — Power to remove directors and officers

1074. § 2275a. Transition rules relating to amendment of certain FCA approval authorities

1075. §2276 — Access to and examination by Comptroller General of books, documents, etc., of farm credit system banks and institutions

1076. § 2277a. Definitions

1077. § 2279a. Power to merge

1078. § 2279aa. Definitions

1079. § 2279b. Transfer of lending authority

1080. § 2279bb. Definitions

1081. § 2279c. Equalization of loan-making powers of certain district associations

1082. § 2279cc. Conservatorship; liquidation; receivership

1083. § 2279d. Termination of System institution status

1084. § 2279e. Approval of disclosure information and issuance of charters

1085. § 2279f. Merger of similar banks

1086. § 2279g. Transactions to accomplish mergers exempt from certain State taxes

1087. §2281 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1088. §2282 — Definitions

1089. §2283 — Creation of Federal Financing Bank

1090. §2284 — Board of Directors

1091. §2285 — Functions

1092. § 2285a. Acquisition of obligations involving loan guarantees for New York City

1093. Title I of the New York City Loan Guarantee Act of 1978, referred to in text, is title I of Pub. L. 95–339 , Aug. 8, 1978 , 92 Stat. 460 , which was classified generally to subchapter II (§ 1521 et seq.) of chapter 27 of former Title 31, and was omitted from the Code in the general revision and reenactment of Title 31, Money and Finance, by Pub. L. 97–258 , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 877 .

1094. §2286 — Approval of financing plans by Secretary of the Treasury

1095. §2287 — Initial capital

1096. §2288 — Bank obligations

1097. §2289 — General powers

1098. §2290 — Exemptions

1099. §2291 — Preparation of obligations

1100. §2292 — Annual report to the President and Congress

1101. §2293 — Budget and audit provisions of Government corporation control law applicable

1102. §2294 — Payments on behalf of public bodies

1103. § 2294a. Contracts for periodic payments to offset costs of purchase of obligations of local public housing agencies

1104. §2295 — Authority or responsibility under other provisions of law not to be affected or impaired

1105. §2296 — Increase not authorized in amounts of obligations issued, sold, or guaranteed by Federal agencies

1106. §2401 — Establishment of Commission

1107. §2402 — Membership of Commission

1108. §2403 — Functions of Commission

1109. §2404 — Powers of Commission

1110. §2405 — Executive Director and additional staff personnel; appointment and compensation; experts and consultants; employment and compensation; audits by Comptroller General

1111. §2406 — Compensation of members of Commission

1112. §2407 — Cooperation and assistance of other Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities

1113. §2408 — Authorization of appropriations

1114. §2501 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1115. §2502 — Definitions

1116. §2503 — State entitlement to escheat or custody

1117. §2601 — Congressional findings and purpose

1118. §2602 — Definitions

1119. §2602 — Section 1602(f) of title 15 , referred to in par. (1)(B)(iv), was redesignated section 1602(g) of title 15 by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1120. §2603 — Uniform settlement statement

1121. §2604 — Home buying information booklets

1122. §2605 — Servicing of mortgage loans and administration of escrow accounts

1123. §2606 — Exempted transactions

1124. §2607 — Prohibition against kickbacks and unearned fees

1125. §2608 — Title companies; liability of seller

1126. §2609 — Limitation on requirement of advance deposits in escrow accounts

1127. §2610 — Prohibition of fees for preparation of truth-in-lending, uniform settlement, and escrow account statements

1128. §2614 — Jurisdiction of courts; limitations

1129. §2615 — Contracts and liens; validity

1130. §2616 — State laws unaffected; inconsistent Federal and State provisions

1131. §2617 — Authority of Bureau

1132. §2701 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1133. §2702 — Mortgages eligible for assistance

1134. §2703 — Manner of assistance and repayment

1135. §2704 — Insurance for emergency mortgage loans and advances

1136. §2705 — Emergency mortgage relief payments

1137. §2705 — Section 2712 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title XIV, § 1496(b)(7) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2209 .

1138. §2706 — Emergency Homeowners’ Relief Fund

1139. §2707 — Authority of Secretary

1140. §2708 — Expiration date

1141. §2711 — Nonapplicability of other laws

1142. §2801 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1143. §2802 — Definitions

1144. §2803 — Maintenance of records and public disclosure

1145. §2803 — Section 2802(2)(A) of this title , referred to in subsec. (h)(2)(B), was redesignated section 2802(3)(A) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1094(2)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2097 .

1146. §2804 — Enforcement

1147. §2805 — Relation to State laws

1148. §2806 — Compliance improvement methods

1149. §2807 — Report

1150. §2808 — Effective date

1151. §2808 — Section 2802(2) of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b)(1), was redesignated section 2802(3) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1094(2)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2097 .

1152. §2809 — Compilation of aggregate data

1153. §2810 — Disclosure by Secretary; commencement, scope, etc.

1154. §2901 — Congressional findings and statement of purpose

1155. §2902 — Definitions

1156. §2903 — Financial institutions; evaluation

1157. §2903 — Section 1843( l )(1)(C) of this title, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(A), (2), was redesignated section 1843( l )(1)(D) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title VI, § 606(a)(2) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1607 .

1158. §2904 — Report to Congress

1159. §2905 — Regulations

1160. §2906 — Written evaluations

1161. §2907 — Operation of branch facilities by minorities and women

1162. §2907 — Section 1204(c)(3) of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is section 1204(c)(3) of Pub. L. 101–73 , which is set out as a note under section 1811 of this title .

1163. §2908 — Small bank regulatory relief

1164. §3001 — Congressional statement of findings and purpose

1165. §3011 — Creation and charter; principal office; venue; purposes

1166. §3012 — General corporate powers

1167. §3013 — Board of Directors

1168. §3013 — Section 5703 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (h), was amended generally by Pub. L. 94–22, § 4 , May 19, 1975 , 89 Stat. 85 , and, as so amended, does not contain a subsec. (b).

1169. §3014 — Capitalization

1170. §3015 — Eligibility of cooperatives

1171. §3016 — Annual meetings; notice, agenda, etc.

1172. §3017 — Bonds, debentures, notes and other evidences of indebtedness

1173. § 3017a. Class A notes as paid-in capital of the Bank

1174. §3018 — Loans

1175. §3019 — Taxation by State, county, etc., taxing authority; Federal tax status

1176. §3020 — Quarters and space for principal and other offices

1177. §3021 — Annual report to Congress; contents

1178. §3022 — Authorization of additional appropriations; restrictions on use

1179. §3023 — Appeal procedures applicable upon denial or restriction of application for assistance

1180. §3024 — Conflict of interest rules; adoption and publication; requirements

1181. §3025 — Examination and audit

1182. §3026 — Acceleration of the Final Government Equity Redemption Date

1183. §3041 — Establishment; appointment, etc., of Director

1184. §3042 — Authorization of appropriations for advances; deposits into separate Account in Bank; availability of amounts

1185. §3043 — Advances

1186. §3044 — Services and information for organization, financing, and management of cooperatives; availability; agreements for development and dissemination; funding

1187. §3045 — Investigations and surveys respecting new services, etc., by cooperative not-for-profit organizations

1188. §3046 — Financial analysis and market surveys at request of eligible cooperative

1189. §3047 — Programs for training directors and staff of eligible cooperatives, and public education; development and availability; scope and implementation

1190. §3048 — Cooperation with Federal agencies offering programs for consumer cooperatives in disseminating information

1191. §3049 — Authorization of appropriations for administration; availability of amounts

1192. §3050 — Fees for providing technical assistance services; waiver; accounting and availability

1193. §3051 — Nonprofit corporation

1194. §3101 — Definitions

1195. §3102 — Establishment of Federal branches and agencies by foreign bank

1196. §3102 — Section 3104 of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(1), was in the original a reference to section 6 of Pub. L. 95–369 , which enacted section 3104 of this title and amended sections 1813, 1815, 1817, 1818, 1820, 1821, 1822, 1823, 1828, 1829b, and 1831b of this title.

1197. §3103 — Interstate banking by foreign banks

1198. §3103 — Section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(7)(A)(ii), (8)(B), popularly known as the Edge Act, is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 611 of this title and Tables.

1199. §3104 — Insurance of deposits

1200. §3105 — Authority of Federal Reserve System

1201. §3105 — Section 371a of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title VI, § 627(a)(1) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1640 .

1202. §3105 — Section 371b–1 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 96–221, title V, § 529 , Mar. 31, 1980 , 94 Stat. 168 , subject to a savings provision.

1203. §3106 — Nonbanking activities of foreign banks

1204. § 3106a. Compliance with State and Federal laws

1205. §3107 — Representative offices

1206. §3108 — Regulation and enforcement

1207. §3109 — Cooperation with foreign supervisors

1208. §3110 — Penalties

1209. §3111 — Criminal penalty

1210. §3201 — Definitions

1211. §3201 — Section 1730a of this title , referred to in pars. (2) and (3)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IV, § 407 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 363 .

1212. §3202 — Dual service of management official as management official of unaffiliated institution or holding company in same area, town, or village prohibited

1213. §3203 — Dual service of management official of $2,500,000,000 institution or holding company as management official of unaffiliated $1,500,000,000 institution or holding company prohibited

1214. §3204 — Exceptions

1215. §3204 — Section 1730a of this title , referred to in par. (8)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IV, § 407 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 363 .

1216. §3204 — Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in par. (2), is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title. Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 .

1217. §3205 — Management official in position prior to November 10, 1978

1218. §3205 — Section 1730a of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–73, title IV, § 407 , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 363 .

1219. §3206 — Administration and enforcement

1220. §3207 — Rules and regulations

1221. §3208 — Powers available to Attorney General for enforcement

1222. §3208 — Section 3206(6) of this title , referred to in text, was redesignated section 3206(5) by Pub. L. 111–203, title III, § 360(1)(E) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1549 .

1223. §3301 — Declaration of purpose

1224. §3302 — Definitions

1225. §3303 — Financial Institutions Examination Council

1226. §3304 — Costs and expenses of Council

1227. §3305 — Functions of Council

1228. §3306 — State liaison

1229. §3307 — Administration

1230. §3308 — Access to books, accounts, records, etc., by Council

1231. §3309 — Risk management training

1232. §3310 — Establishment of Appraisal Subcommittee

1233. §3311 — Required review of regulations

1234. §3331 — Purpose

1235. §3332 — Functions of Appraisal Subcommittee

1236. §3333 — Chairperson of Appraisal Subcommittee; term of Chairperson; meetings

1237. §3334 — Officers and staff

1238. §3335 — Powers of Appraisal Subcommittee

1239. §3336 — Procedures for establishing appraisal standards and requiring use of certified and licensed appraisers

1240. §3337 — Section 3351(b) of this title , referred to in text, was redesignated section 3351(c) of this title by Pub. L. 103–325, title III, § 315(1) , Sept. 23, 1994 , 108 Stat. 2222 .

1241. §3337 — Startup funding

1242. §3338 — Roster of State certified or licensed appraisers; authority to collect and transmit fees

1243. §3339 — Functions of Federal financial institutions regulatory agencies relating to appraisal standards

1244. §3340 — Time for proposal and adoption of standards

1245. §3341 — Functions of Federal financial institutions regulatory agencies relating to appraiser qualifications

1246. §3342 — Transactions requiring services of State certified appraiser

1247. §3343 — Transactions requiring services of State licensed appraiser

1248. §3344 — Time for proposal and adoption of rules

1249. §3345 — Certification and licensing requirements

1250. §3346 — Establishment of State appraiser certifying and licensing agencies

1251. §3347 — Monitoring of State appraiser certifying and licensing agencies

1252. §3348 — Recognition of State certified and licensed appraisers for purposes of this chapter

1253. §3349 — Violations in obtaining and performing appraisals in federally related transactions

1254. §3350 — Definitions

1255. §3351 — Miscellaneous provisions

1256. §3352 — Emergency exceptions for disaster areas

1257. §3353 — Appraisal management company minimum requirements

1258. §3354 — Automated valuation models used to estimate collateral value for mortgage lending purposes

1259. §3355 — Broker price opinions

1260. §3355 — Section 3354(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), probably means section 3354(d) of this title , which defines “automated valuation model”.

1261. §3356 — Exemption from appraisals of real estate located in rural areas

1262. §3401 — Definitions

1263. §3401 — Section 1602(n) of title 15 , referred to in par. (1), was redesignated section 1602( o ) of title 15 by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1264. §3402 — Access to financial records by Government authorities prohibited; exceptions

1265. §3403 — Confidentiality of financial records

1266. §3404 — Customer authorizations

1267. §3405 — Administrative subpena and summons

1268. §3406 — Search warrants

1269. §3407 — Judicial subpena

1270. §3408 — Formal written request

1271. §3409 — Delayed notice

1272. §3410 — Customer challenges

1273. §3411 — Duty of financial institutions

1274. §3412 — Section 3401(6) of this title , referred to in subsec. (e), was redesignated section 3401(7) of this title by Pub. L. 101–73, title IX, § 941(1) , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 496 .

1275. §3412 — Use of information

1276. §3413 — Exceptions

1277. §3414 — Section 3421 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–66, title III, § 3001(d) , Dec. 21, 1995 , 109 Stat. 734 .

1278. §3414 — Special procedures

1279. §3415 — Cost reimbursement

1280. §3416 — Jurisdiction

1281. §3417 — Civil penalties

1282. §3418 — Injunctive relief

1283. §3419 — Suspension of limitations

1284. §3420 — Grand jury information; notification of certain persons prohibited

1285. §3422 — Applicability to Securities and Exchange Commission

1286. §3423 — Immunity from suit for disclosure of financial exploitation of senior citizens

1287. §3701 — Findings and purpose

1288. §3702 — Definitions

1289. §3702 — Section 312 of the Housing Act of 1964, referred to in par. (2)(B), is section 312 of Pub. L. 88–560 , which was classified to section 1452b of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, and was repealed by Pub. L. 101–625, title II, § 289(b)(1) , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 4128 .

1290. §3702 — Section 801 of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act, referred to in par. (2)(C), (D), is section 801 of Pub. L. 101–625 .

1291. §3703 — Applicability

1292. §3704 — Foreclosure commissioner; designation, duties, etc.

1293. §3705 — Prerequisites to foreclosure

1294. §3706 — Notice of default and foreclosure sale; condition and term of sale

1295. §3707 — Commencement of foreclosure; powers and duties of foreclosure commissioner or substitute

1296. §3708 — Service of notice of default and foreclosure sale

1297. §3709 — Presale reinstatement

1298. §3710 — Foreclosure sale

1299. §3711 — Foreclosure costs

1300. §3712 — Disposition of sale proceeds

1301. §3713 — Transfer of title and possession

1302. §3714 — Record of foreclosure and sale

1303. §3715 — Computation of time

1304. §3716 — Separability

1305. §3717 — Regulations

1306. §3751 — Findings and purpose

1307. §3751 — Section 1452b of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–625, title II, § 289(b)(1) , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 4128 .

1308. §3751 — Section 801 of title VIII of S. 2281, One Hundred Third Congress, as reported July 13, 1994 , which was enacted into law by Pub. L. 103–327, title II [title VIII, § 801], Sept. 28, 1994 , 108 Stat. 2316 , provided in part, that: “This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Single Family Mortgage Foreclosure Act of 1994’.”

1309. §3752 — Definitions

1310. §3753 — Applicability

1311. §3754 — Designation of foreclosure commissioner

1312. §3755 — Prerequisites to foreclosure

1313. §3756 — Commencement of foreclosure

1314. §3757 — Notice of default and foreclosure sale

1315. §3758 — Service of notice of foreclosure sale

1316. §3759 — Presale reinstatement

1317. §3760 — Conduct of sale; adjournment

1318. §3761 — Foreclosure costs

1319. §3762 — Disposition of sale proceeds

1320. §3763 — Transfer of title and possession

1321. §3764 — Record of foreclosure and sale

1322. §3765 — Effect of sale

1323. §3766 — Computation of time

1324. §3767 — Severability

1325. §3768 — Deficiency judgment

1326. §3801 — Findings and purpose

1327. §3802 — Definitions

1328. §3802 — Section 501(a)(2) of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980, referred to in par. (2)(A), is section 501(a)(2) of Pub. L. 96–221 , title V, Mar. 31, 1980 , 94 Stat. 161 , which is set out as a note under section 1735f–7 of this title .

1329. §3803 — Alternative mortgage authority

1330. §3804 — Applicability of preemption provisions

1331. §3805 — Applicability of consumer protection provisions

1332. §3805 — Section 501(c)(1) of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980 shall not apply to transactions which are subject to this chapter.

1333. §3805 — Section 501(c)(1) of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980, referred to in text, is section 501(c)(1) of Pub. L. 96–221 , title V, Mar. 31, 1980 , 94 Stat. 161 , which is set out as a note under section 1735f–7 of this title .

1334. §3806 — Adjustable rate mortgage caps

1335. §3901 — Congressional declaration of policy

1336. §3902 — Definitions

1337. §3902 — Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in pars. (1) and (2)(A), which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 . Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title.

1338. §3903 — Strengthened supervision of international lending

1339. §3904 — Reserves

1340. § 3904a. Additional reserve requirements

1341. Section 3912(d) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, § 2224(c) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–415 .

1342. §3905 — Accounting for fees on international loans

1343. §3906 — Collection and disclosure of international lending data

1344. §3907 — Capital adequacy

1345. §3908 — Foreign loan evaluations

1346. §3909 — General authorities

1347. §3910 — Audit authority of Government Accountability Office

1348. §3911 — Equal representation for Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Office of Thrift Supervision

1349. §4001 — Definitions

1350. §4002 — Expedited funds availability schedules

1351. §4003 — Safeguard exceptions

1352. §4004 — Disclosure of funds availability policies

1353. §4005 — Payment of interest

1354. §4006 — Miscellaneous provisions

1355. §4007 — Effect on State law

1356. §4008 — Regulations and reports by Board

1357. §4009 — Administrative enforcement

1358. §4010 — Civil liability

1359. §4101 — General prepayment limitation

1360. §4102 — Notice of intent

1361. §4103 — Appraisal and preservation value of eligible low-income housing

1362. §4104 — Annual authorized return and preservation rents

1363. §4105 — Federal cost limits and limitations on plans of action

1364. §4106 — Information from Secretary

1365. §4107 — Plan of action

1366. §4108 — Prepayment and voluntary termination

1367. §4109 — Incentives to extend low-income use

1368. §4109 — Section 1715z–6(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(7), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–204, title II , Sept. 26, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2885 .

1369. §4109 — Section 201 of the Housing and Community Development Amendments of 1978, referred to in subsec. (b)(4), is section 201 of Pub. L. 95–557 , title II, Oct. 31, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2084 , which enacted section 1715z–1a of this title and amended section 1715z–1 of this title .

1370. §4110 — Incentives for transfer to qualified purchasers

1371. §4110 — Section 1715z–6(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–204, title II , Sept. 26, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2885 .

1372. §4111 — Mandatory sale for housing exceeding Federal cost limits

1373. §4112 — Criteria for approval of plan of action involving incentives

1374. §4112 — Section 1715z–6(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(A)(i), (C)(ii), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–204, title II , Sept. 26, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2885 .

1375. §4112 — Section 601(f) of title VI of S. 2281, One-Hundred Third Congress, as reported July 13, 1994 , which was enacted into law by Pub. L. 103–327, title II [title VI, § 601(f)], Sept. 28, 1994 , 108 Stat. 2316 , provided in part, that: “(1) In general .— Except as provided in paragraph (2), this section [amending this section and section 4119 of this title ] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [ Sept. 28, 1994 ]. “(2) Exception .— If an owner of eligible low-income housing has a plan of action that has been approved by the Secretary and that is being implemented as of the date of enactment of this Act [ Sept. 28, 1994 ], subsections (a), (b), (c), and (d) [amending this section] shall not apply to current tenants of such housing until the first date on which the next annual rent adjustments are made following the date of enactment of this Act.”

1376. §4113 — Assistance for displaced tenants

1377. §4114 — Permissible prepayment or voluntary termination and modification of commitments

1378. §4115 — Timetable for approval of plan of action

1379. §4116 — Resident homeownership program

1380. §4117 — Delegated responsibility to State agencies

1381. §4118 — Consultations with other interested parties

1382. §4119 — Definitions

1383. §4119 — Section 1715z–6(f) of this title , referred to in par. (8)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–204, title II , Sept. 26, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2885 .

1384. §4120 — Notice to tenants

1385. §4121 — Definitions of qualified and priority purchaser and related party rule

1386. §4122 — Preemption of State and local laws

1387. §4123 — Severability

1388. §4124 — Authorization of appropriations

1389. §4125 — State preservation project assistance

1390. §4141 — Authority

1391. §4142 — Purposes

1392. §4143 — Grants for building resident capacity and funding predevelopment costs

1393. §4143 — Section 604 of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is section 604 of Pub. L. 101–625 , which is set out as a note under section 4101 of this title .

1394. §4143 — Title II of the Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), probably means title II of Pub. L. 100–242 , Feb. 5, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1877 , prior to being amended generally by Pub. L. 101–625, § 601(a) , which was known as the Emergency Low Income Housing Preservation Act of 1987 and which was classified principally as a note under section 1715 l of this title. Title II of Pub. L. 100–242 was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–625, title VI, § 601(a) , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 4249 , and is now known as the Low-Income Housing Preservation and Resident Homeownership Act of 1990, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4101 of this title and Tables.

1395. §4144 — Grants for other purposes

1396. §4145 — Delivery of assistance through intermediaries

1397. §4146 — Definitions

1398. §4147 — Funding

1399. §4201 — Filing of confidential declarations by private persons

1400. §4202 — Contents of declarations

1401. §4203 — Confidentiality of declarations

1402. §4204 — Ineligibility to file valid declarations

1403. §4204 — Section 4201 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “section 811”, and was translated as reading “section 2561”, meaning section 2561 of Pub. L. 101–647 , as the probable intent of Congress, because Pub. L. 101–647 does not contain a section 811.

1404. §4205 — Rights of declarants; participation in actions, awards

1405. §4206 — Rights of declarants; notifications; Government accountability

1406. §4207 — Unreviewed declarations; petition to pursue action as private contractor

1407. §4208 — Nonreviewability of action by Attorney General

1408. §4210 — Sources of payments to declarants

1409. §4212 — Protection for declarants

1410. §4212 — Section 3059A(e) of title 18 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 107–273, div. A, title III, § 301(c)(2) , Nov. 2, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1781 .

1411. §4213 — Promulgation of regulations

1412. §4221 — Filing of confidential declarations by private persons identifying specific assets

1413. §4222 — Contents of declarations

1414. §4223 — Confidentiality of declarations

1415. §4224 — Ineligibility to file valid declarations

1416. §4225 — Rights of declarants; participation in actions, awards

1417. §4225 — Section 3509A of title 18 , referred to in subsec. (d), probably is a reference to former section 3059A of title 18 , which was repealed by Pub. L. 107–273, div. A, title III, § 301(c)(2) , Nov. 2, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1781 .

1418. §4226 — Rights of declarants; notifications; Government accountability

1419. §4226 — Section 4221 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was in the original “section 831”, and was translated as reading “section 2576”, meaning section 2576 of Pub. L. 101–647 , as the probable intent of Congress, because Pub. L. 101–647 does not contain a section 831.

1420. §4227 — Unreviewed declarations; petition to pursue action as private contractor

1421. §4228 — Nonreviewability of action by Attorney Gen­eral

1422. §4229 — Protection for declarants

1423. §4229 — Section 3059A(e) of title 18 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 107–273, div. A, title III, § 301(c)(2) , Nov. 2, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1781 .

1424. §4230 — Promulgation of regulations

1425. §4241 — Authority to enter into contracts for private counsel

1426. §4242 — Contract decisions nonreviewable

1427. §4243 — Representation

1428. §4244 — Contract provisions

1429. §4245 — Counterclaims

1430. §4246 — Awards of costs and fees to prevailing plaintiff

1431. §4247 — Promulgation of regulations

1432. §4301 — Findings and purpose

1433. §4302 — Disclosure of interest rates and terms of accounts

1434. §4303 — Account schedule

1435. §4304 — Disclosure requirements for certain accounts

1436. §4305 — Distribution of schedules

1437. §4306 — Payment of interest

1438. §4307 — Periodic statements

1439. §4308 — Regulations

1440. §4308 — Section 4311(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(4), was in the original “section 12(b)”, probably meaning section 12(b) of Pub. L. 102–242 , and was translated as meaning section 272(b) of Pub. L. 102–242 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress. There is no section 12 of Pub. L. 102–242 , and section 272(b) of Pub. L. 102–242 relates to regulations prescribed by the National Credit Union Administration Board.

1441. §4309 — Administrative enforcement

1442. §4311 — Credit unions

1443. §4312 — Effect on State law

1444. §4313 — Definitions

1445. §4313 — Section 1831f(f)(1) of this title , referred to in par. (5)(A), was redesignated section 1831f(g)(1) of this title by Pub. L. 102–242, title III, § 301(a)(4) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2344 .

1446. §4401 — Findings and purpose

1447. §4402 — Definitions

1448. §4402 — Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in par. (6), which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 . Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title.

1449. §4402 — Section 4421 of this title , referred to in par. (2)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title VII, § 740 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1729 .

1450. §4403 — Bilateral netting

1451. §4404 — Clearing organization netting

1452. §4405 — Preemption

1453. §4406 — Relationship to other payments systems

1454. Section 11(e)(8)(D) of such Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), probably means section 11(e)(8)(D) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, which is classified to section 1821(e)(8)(D) of this title .

1455. Section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsecs. (a), (b), and (c)(1), popularly known as the Edge Act, is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 611 of this title and Tables.

1456. Section 4422 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a) to (c)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title VII, § 740 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1729 .

1457. § 4406a. Treatment of contracts with uninsured national banks, uninsured Federal branches and agencies, certain uninsured State member banks, and Edge Act corporations

1458. §4407 — National emergencies

1459. §4501 — Congressional findings

1460. §4502 — Definitions

1461. §4503 — Protection of taxpayers against liability

1462. §4511 — Establishment of the Federal Housing Finance Agency

1463. §4512 — Director

1464. §4513 — Duties and authorities of Director

1465. § 4513a. Federal Housing Finance Oversight Board

1466. § 4513b. Prudential management and operations standards

1467. §4514 — Authority to require reports by regulated entities

1468. § 4514a. Study and reports on guarantee fees

1469. §4515 — Personnel

1470. §4516 — Funding

1471. §4516 — Section 1438(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(5), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title II, § 1204(2) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2786 .

1472. §4517 — Examinations

1473. §4518 — Prohibition and withholding of executive compensation

1474. § 4518a. Limitation on bonuses to executives of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac

1475. §4519 — Authority to provide for review of regulated entities

1476. §4520 — Minority and women inclusion; diversity requirements

1477. §4520 — Section 1204(c) of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 1204(c) of Pub. L. 101–73 , which is set out as a note under section 1811 of this title .

1478. §4520 — Section 1441a(r)(4) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title III, § 364(b) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1555 .

1479. §4521 — Annual reports by Director

1480. §4522 — Public disclosure of final orders and agreements

1481. §4523 — Limitation on subsequent employment

1482. §4524 — Audits by GAO

1483. §4525 — Information, records, and meetings

1484. §4526 — Regulations and orders

1485. §4527 — Data standards

1486. §4528 — Open data publication

1487. §4541 — Prior approval authority for products

1488. §4542 — Housing Price Index

1489. §4543 — Public access to mortgage information

1490. §4544 — Annual housing report

1491. §4545 — Fair housing

1492. §4546 — Prohibition of public disclosure of proprietary information

1493. §4547 — Enterprise guarantee fees

1494. §4548 — Regulations for use of credit scores

1495. §4561 — Establishment of housing goals

1496. §4562 — Single-family housing goals

1497. §4563 — Multifamily special affordable housing goal

1498. §4564 — Discretionary adjustment of housing goals

1499. §4564 — Section 301(b)(3) of the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 301(b)(3) of Pub. L. 91–351 , which is set out as a Short Title and Statement of Purpose note under section 1451 of this title .

1500. §4565 — Duty to serve underserved markets and other requirements

1501. §4566 — Monitoring and enforcing compliance with housing goals

1502. §4567 — Affordable housing allocations

1503. §4568 — Housing Trust Fund

1504. §4568 — Section 132 of the Federal Housing Finance Regulatory Reform Act of 2008, referred to in subsec. (c)(7)(B)(iv), probably means section 1132 of Pub. L. 110–289 , which is set out as a note under section 1701x of this title .

1505. §4568 — Section 4103 of title 25 , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was in the original “section 4 of the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1997 ( 25 U.S.C. 4103 )”, and was translated as meaning section 4 of the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1506. §4569 — Capital Magnet Fund

1507. §4581 — Cease and desist proceedings

1508. §4581 — Section 4547 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (b)(2)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title I, § 1104(b) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2667 .

1509. §4582 — Hearings

1510. §4583 — Judicial review

1511. §4584 — Enforcement and jurisdiction

1512. §4585 — Civil money penalties

1513. §4585 — Section 4547 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title I, § 1104(b) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2667 .

1514. §4586 — Public disclosure of final orders and agreements

1515. §4587 — Notice of service

1516. §4588 — Subpoena authority

1517. §4601 — Review of underwriting guidelines

1518. §4602 — Studies of effects of privatization of FNMA and FHLMC

1519. §4603 — Transition

1520. §4611 — Risk-based capital levels for regulated entities

1521. §4612 — Minimum capital levels

1522. §4613 — Critical capital levels

1523. §4614 — Capital classifications

1524. §4614 — Section 4615(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (f), was repealed and a new section 4615(c) was added by Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title I, § 1143(6) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2734 . The new section 4615(c) does not relate to effective date.

1525. §4614 — Section 4616(b)(5) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(4)(B), was redesignated section 4616(b)(6) of this title by Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title I, § 1144(5)(D) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2733 .

1526. §4615 — Supervisory actions applicable to undercapitalized regulated entities

1527. §4616 — Supervisory actions applicable to significantly undercapitalized regulated entities

1528. §4617 — Authority over critically undercapitalized regulated entities

1529. §4618 — Notice of classification and enforcement action

1530. §4618 — Section 4616(b)(6) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(3), was repealed and a new par. (6) added by Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title I, § 1144(5)(C) , (D), July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2733 . The new par. (6) does not relate to appointment of a conservator.

1531. §4622 — Capital restoration plans

1532. §4623 — Judicial review of Director action

1533. §4623 — Section 4619 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title I, § 1145(b)(4) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2767 .

1534. §4624 — Reviews of enterprise assets and liabilities

1535. §4631 — Cease-and-desist proceedings

1536. §4632 — Temporary cease-and-desist orders

1537. §4633 — Hearings

1538. §4634 — Judicial review

1539. §4635 — Enforcement and jurisdiction

1540. §4635 — Section 4619 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title I, § 1145(b)(4) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2767 .

1541. §4636 — Civil money penalties

1542. § 4636a. Removal and prohibition authority

1543. § 4636b. Criminal penalty

1544. §4637 — Notice after separation from service

1545. §4638 — Private rights of action

1546. §4639 — Public disclosure of final orders and agreements

1547. §4640 — Notice of service

1548. §4641 — Subpoena authority

1549. §4642 — Reporting of fraudulent loans

1550. §4701 — Findings and purposes

1551. §4702 — Definitions

1552. §4703 — Establishment of national Fund for community development banking

1553. §4703 — Section 9107(b) of title 31 , shall not apply to deposits of the Fund made pursuant to section 4707 of this title .

1554. § 4703a. Capital investments for neighborhoods disproportionately impacted by the COVID–19 pandemic

1555. Section 308 of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (a)(6)(A), is section 308 of Pub. L. 101–73 , which is set out as a note under section 1463 of this title .

1556. §4704 — Applications for assistance

1557. §4705 — Community partnerships

1558. §4706 — Selection of institutions

1559. §4707 — Assistance provided by Fund

1560. §4708 — Training

1561. §4709 — Encouragement of private entities

1562. §4710 — Collection and compilation of information

1563. §4711 — Investment of receipts and proceeds

1564. §4712 — Capitalization assistance to enhance liquidity

1565. §4713 — Incentives for depository institution participation

1566. § 4713a. Guarantees for bonds and notes issued for community or economic development purposes

1567. §4714 — Recordkeeping

1568. §4715 — Special provisions with respect to institutions that are supervised by Federal banking agencies

1569. §4716 — Studies and reports; examination and audit

1570. §4717 — Enforcement

1571. §4718 — Authorization of appropriations

1572. §4718 — Section 665 of title 2 , referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–33, title X, § 10118(a) , Aug. 5, 1997 , 111 Stat. 695 .

1573. §4719 — Grants to establish loan-loss reserve funds

1574. §4741 — Findings and purposes

1575. §4742 — Definitions

1576. §4743 — Approving States for participation

1577. §4743 — Section 4747 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A), was in the original “section 237” and was translated as reading “section 257” meaning section 257 of Pub. L. 103–325 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Pub. L. 103–325 does not contain a section 237.

1578. §4744 — Participation agreements

1579. §4745 — Terms of participation agreements

1580. §4746 — Reports

1581. §4747 — Reimbursement by Fund

1582. §4748 — Reimbursement to Fund

1583. §4749 — Regulations

1584. §4750 — Authorization of appropriations

1585. §4750 — Section 665 of title 2 , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–33, title X, § 10118(a) , Aug. 5, 1997 , 111 Stat. 695 .

1586. §4801 — Incorporated definitions

1587. §4802 — Administrative consideration of burden with new regulations

1588. §4803 — Streamlining of regulatory requirements

1589. §4804 — Elimination of duplicative filings

1590. §4805 — Call report simplification

1591. § 4805a. Call report simplification

1592. §4806 — Regulatory appeals process, ombudsman, and alternative dispute resolution

1593. §4807 — Time limit on agency consideration of completed applications

1594. §4808 — Revising regulatory requirements for transfers of all types of assets with recourse

1595. §4809 — “Plain language” requirement for Federal banking agency rules

1596. §4901 — Definitions

1597. §4902 — Termination of private mortgage insurance

1598. §4903 — Disclosure requirements

1599. §4904 — Notification upon cancellation or termination

1600. §4904 — Section 4902(a)(3) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(A)(ii), was redesignated section 4902(a)(4) of this title by Pub. L. 106–569, title IV, § 404(1)(C) , Dec. 27, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2958 .

1601. §4905 — Disclosure requirements for lender paid mortgage insurance

1602. §4906 — Fees for disclosures

1603. §4907 — Civil liability

1604. §4908 — Effect on other laws and agreements

1605. §4909 — Enforcement

1606. §4910 — Construction

1607. §5001 — Findings; purposes

1608. §5002 — Definitions

1609. §5003 — General provisions governing substitute checks

1610. §5004 — Substitute check warranties

1611. §5005 — Indemnity

1612. §5006 — Expedited recredit for consumers

1613. §5007 — Expedited recredit procedures for banks

1614. §5008 — Delays in an emergency

1615. §5009 — Measure of damages

1616. §5010 — Statute of limitations and notice of claim

1617. §5011 — Consumer awareness

1618. §5012 — Effect on other law

1619. §5013 — Variation by agreement

1620. §5014 — Regulations

1621. §5015 — Study and report on funds availability

1622. §5016 — Statistical reporting of costs and revenues for transporting checks between reserve banks

1623. §5017 — Evaluation and report by the Comptroller General

1624. §5018 — Depositary services efficiency and cost reduction

1625. §5018 — Section 20, referred to in subsec. (e), means section 20 of Pub. L. 108–100 , which is set out as an Effective Date note under section 5001 of this title .

1626. §5101 — Purposes and methods for establishing a mortgage licensing system and registry

1627. §5102 — Definitions

1628. §5102 — Section 1602(v) of title 15 , referred to in par. (9), was redesignated section 1602(w) of title 15 by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1629. §5103 — License or registration required

1630. §5104 — State license and registration application and issuance

1631. §5105 — Standards for State license renewal

1632. §5106 — System of registration administration by Federal agencies

1633. §5107 — Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection backup authority to establish loan originator licensing system

1634. §5108 — Backup authority to establish a nationwide mortgage licensing and registry system

1635. §5109 — Fees

1636. §5110 — Background checks of loan originators

1637. §5111 — Confidentiality of information

1638. §5112 — Liability provisions

1639. §5113 — Enforcement by the Bureau

1640. §5114 — State examination authority

1641. §5115 — Reports and recommendations to Congress

1642. §5116 — Study and reports on defaults and foreclosures

1643. §5117 — Employment transition of loan originators

1644. §5201 — Purposes

1645. §5201 — Section 1. There is hereby established within the Department of the Treasury the President’s Council on Jobs and Competitiveness (PCJC). The PCJC shall consist of members appointed by the President from among distinguished citizens outside the Federal Government and shall include citizens chosen to serve as representatives of the various sectors of the economy to offer the diverse perspectives of the private sector, employers, and workers on how the Federal Government can best foster growth, competitiveness, innovation, and job creation. The members may also include citizens selected based on their expertise and experience to offer independent advice. The President shall designate a Chair from among the members. A Co-Chair of the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology who is not serving in the Federal Government and the Chair and Vice Chair of the President’s Export Council shall serve as ex-officio members. The Treasury may provide the PCJC with a staff, as necessary.

1646. §5202 — Definitions

1647. §5211 — Purchases of troubled assets

1648. §5212 — Insurance of troubled assets

1649. §5213 — Considerations

1650. §5214 — Financial Stability Oversight Board

1651. §5215 — Reports

1652. §5216 — Rights; management; sale of troubled assets; revenues and sale proceeds

1653. §5217 — Contracting procedures

1654. §5217 — Section 1204(c) of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 1204(c) of Pub. L. 101–73 , which is set out as a note under section 1811 of this title .

1655. §5217 — Section 1441a(r)(4) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title III, § 364(b) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1555 .

1656. §5218 — Conflicts of interest

1657. §5219 — Foreclosure mitigation efforts

1658. § 5219a. Home Affordable Modification Program guidelines

1659. § 5219b. Public availability of information of Making Home Affordable Program

1660. §5220 — Assistance to homeowners

1661. § 5220a. Application of GSE conforming loan limit to mortgages assisted with TARP funds

1662. § 5220b. Multifamily mortgage resolution program

1663. §5221 — Executive compensation and corporate governance

1664. §5222 — Coordination with foreign authorities and central banks

1665. §5223 — Minimization of long-term costs and maximization of benefits for taxpayers

1666. §5224 — Market transparency

1667. §5225 — Graduated authorization to purchase

1668. §5226 — Oversight and audits

1669. §5226 — Section 1204 of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enhancement Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(H), probably means section 1204 of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, Pub. L. 101–73 , which is set out as a note under section 1811 of this title .

1670. §5226 — Section 1441a of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(H), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title III, § 364(b) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1555 .

1671. §5226 — Section 5230 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), was so in the original, but probably should have been a reference to section 120 of title I of div. A of Pub. L. 110–343 , which is classified to section 5230 of this title .

1672. §5227 — Study and report on margin authority

1673. §5228 — Funding

1674. §5229 — Judicial review and related matters

1675. §5230 — Termination of authority

1676. §5231 — Chapter 83 or 84, referred to in subsec. (e)(5)(A), probably means chapter 83 or 84 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

1677. §5231 — Special Inspector General for the Troubled Asset Relief Program

1678. § 5231a. Public-Private Investment Program; additional appropriations for the Special Inspector General for the Troubled Asset Relief Program

1679. §5232 — Credit reform

1680. §5233 — Congressional Oversight Panel

1681. §5234 — Cooperation with the FBI

1682. §5235 — Disclosures on exercise of loan authority

1683. §5235 — Section 13 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (d), is classified to sections 92, 342 to 347, 347c, 347d, 361, 372, and 373 of this title. The third paragraph (now designated par. (3)) of section 13 of the Act is classified to section 343(3) of this title . For further details, see Codification notes under sections 342 and 343 of this title.

1684. §5236 — Exchange Stabilization Fund reimbursement

1685. §5237 — Authority to suspend mark-to-market accounting

1686. §5238 — Study on mark-to-market accounting

1687. §5239 — Recoupment

1688. §5240 — Preservation of authority

1689. §5241 — Section 207(k)(5) of the Federal Credit Union Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was redesignated section 207(k)(6) of the Act by Pub. L. 113–252, § 2(3) , Dec. 18, 2014 , 128 Stat. 2893 .

1690. §5241 — Temporary increase in deposit and share insurance coverage

1691. §5251 — Information for congressional support agencies

1692. §5252 — Reports by the Office of Management and Budget and the Congressional Budget Office

1693. §5253 — Emergency treatment

1694. §5261 — Gain or loss from sale or exchange of certain preferred stock

1695. §5301 — Definitions

1696. §5301 — Title III, referred to in par. (2), is title III of Pub. L. 111–203 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1520 . Section 312(c)(1) of title III of Pub. L. 111–203 amended section 1813(q) of this title .

1697. §5301 — Title X, referred to in par. (4), is title X of Pub. L. 111–203 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1955 , known as the Consumer Financial Protection Act of 2010, which enacted subchapter V (§ 5481 et seq.) of this chapter, and enacted, amended, and repealed numerous other sections and notes in the Code. For complete classification of title X to the Code, see Short Title note below and Tables.

1698. §5302 — Severability

1699. §5303 — Antitrust savings clause

1700. §5311 — Definitions

1701. §5311 — Part C, referred to in subsec. (c), was in the original “subtitle C”, meaning subtitle C (§§ 161–176) of title I of Pub. L. 111–203 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1420 , which is classified principally to part C (§ 5361 et seq.) of this subchapter. For complete classification of subtitle C to the Code, see Tables.

1702. §5321 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the Council, or to any special advisory, technical, or professional committee appointed by the Council, except that, if an advisory, technical, or professional committee has one or more members who are not employees of or affiliated with the United States Government, the Council shall publish a list of the names of the members of such committee.

1703. §5321 — Financial Stability Oversight Council established

1704. §5322 — Council authority

1705. §5323 — Authority to require supervision and regulation of certain nonbank financial companies

1706. §5324 — Registration of nonbank financial companies supervised by the Board of Governors

1707. §5325 — Enhanced supervision and prudential standards for nonbank financial companies supervised by the Board of Governors and certain bank holding companies

1708. §5326 — Reports

1709. §5327 — Treatment of certain companies that cease to be bank holding companies

1710. §5328 — Council funding

1711. §5329 — Resolution of supervisory jurisdictional disputes among member agencies

1712. §5329 — Title X, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is title X of Pub. L. 111–203 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1955 , known as the Consumer Financial Protection Act of 2010, which enacted subchapter V (§ 5481 et seq.) of this chapter and enacted, amended, and repealed numerous other sections and notes in the Code. For complete classification of title X to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5301 of this title and Tables.

1713. §5330 — Additional standards applicable to activities or practices for financial stability purposes

1714. §5331 — Mitigation of risks to financial stability

1715. §5332 — GAO audit of Council

1716. §5333 — Study of the effects of size and complexity of financial institutions on capital market efficiency and economic growth

1717. §5334 — Data standards

1718. §5335 — Open data publication

1719. §5341 — Definitions

1720. §5342 — Office of Financial Research established

1721. §5343 — Purpose and duties of the Office

1722. §5344 — Organizational structure; responsibilities of primary programmatic units

1723. §5345 — Funding

1724. §5346 — Transition oversight

1725. §5361 — Reports by and examinations of nonbank financial companies by the Board of Governors

1726. §5362 — Enforcement

1727. §5363 — Acquisitions

1728. §5364 — Prohibition against management interlocks between certain financial companies

1729. §5365 — Enhanced supervision and prudential standards for nonbank financial companies supervised by the Board of Governors and certain bank holding companies

1730. §5366 — Early remediation requirements

1731. §5367 — Affiliations

1732. §5368 — Part C, referred to in text, was in the original “subtitle C”, meaning subtitle C (§§ 161–176) of title I of Pub. L. 111–203 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1420 , which is classified principally to this part. For complete classification of subtitle C to the Code, see Tables.

1733. §5368 — Regulations

1734. §5369 — Avoiding duplication

1735. §5370 — Safe harbor

1736. §5371 — Leverage and risk-based capital requirements

1737. §5372 — Rule of construction

1738. §5373 — International policy coordination

1739. §5374 — Rule of construction

1740. §5381 — Definitions

1741. §5382 — Judicial review

1742. §5383 — Systemic risk determination

1743. §5384 — Orderly liquidation of covered financial companies

1744. §5385 — Orderly liquidation of covered brokers and dealers

1745. §5386 — Mandatory terms and conditions for all orderly liquidation actions

1746. §5387 — Directors not liable for acquiescing in appointment of receiver

1747. §5388 — Dismissal and exclusion of other actions

1748. §5389 — Rulemaking; non-conflicting law

1749. §5390 — Powers and duties of the Corporation

1750. §5391 — Inspector General reviews

1751. §5391 — Section 5390(n)(14) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(C), probably means section 5390(n)(9), because section 5390(n) of this title does not contain a par. (14) and section 5390(n)(9) of this title relates to orderly liquidation plans.

1752. §5392 — Prohibition of circumvention and prevention of conflicts of interest

1753. §5393 — Ban on certain activities by senior executives and directors

1754. §5394 — Prohibition on taxpayer funding

1755. §5401 — Purposes

1756. §5402 — Definition

1757. §5411 — Transfer date

1758. §5412 — Powers and duties transferred

1759. §5412 — Title X, referred to in subsec. (d), is title X of Pub. L. 111–203 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1955 , known as the Consumer Financial Protection Act of 2010, which enacted subchapter V (§ 5481 et seq.) of this chapter and enacted, amended, and repealed numerous other sections and notes in the Code. For complete classification of title X to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5301 of this title and Tables.

1760. §5413 — Abolishment

1761. §5414 — Savings provisions

1762. §5415 — References in Federal law to Federal banking agencies

1763. §5416 — Contracting and leasing authority

1764. §5431 — Interim use of funds, personnel, and property of the Office of Thrift Supervision

1765. §5432 — Transfer of employees

1766. §5433 — Property transferred

1767. §5434 — Funds transferred

1768. §5435 — Disposition of affairs

1769. §5436 — Continuation of services

1770. §5437 — Implementation plan and reports

1771. §5451 — Branching

1772. §5452 — Office of Minority and Women Inclusion

1773. §5452 — Section 1204(c) of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (g)(3), is section 1204(c) of Pub. L. 101–73 , which is set out as a note under section 1811 of this title .

1774. §5461 — Findings and purposes

1775. §5462 — Definitions

1776. §5463 — Designation of systemic importance

1777. §5464 — Standards for systemically important financial market utilities and payment, clearing, or settlement activities

1778. §5465 — Operations of designated financial market utilities

1779. §5466 — Examination of and enforcement actions against designated financial market utilities

1780. §5467 — Examination of and enforcement actions against financial institutions subject to standards for designated activities

1781. §5468 — Requests for information, reports, or records

1782. §5469 — Rulemaking

1783. §5470 — Other authority

1784. §5471 — Consultation

1785. §5471 — Section 745(b)(3) of the Wall Street Transparency and Accountability Act of 2010, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), probably means section 5c(c)(3) of the Commodity Exchange Act, which is classified to section 7a–2(c)(3) of Title 7 , Agriculture. Section 745(b) of the Wall Street Transparency and Accountability Act of 2010, which is section 745(b) of Pub. L. 111–203 , added subsec. (c) of section 7a–2 of Title 7 and struck out former subsec. (c) of that section. Section 7a–2(c)(3) of Title 7 relates to stays of the certification for rules. Section 745(b) of Pub. L. 111–203 does not contain a par. (3).

1786. §5472 — Common framework for designated clearing entity risk management

1787. §5481 — Definitions

1788. §5481 — Section 626 of the Omnibus Appropriations Act, 2009, referred to in par. (12)(Q), is section 626 of div. D of Pub. L. 111–8 . Subsecs. (a) and (b) of section 626 are classified to section 5538 of this title , and subsec. (c) of section 626 amended section 1639 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

1789. §5491 — Establishment of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection

1790. §5492 — Executive and administrative powers

1791. §5493 — Administration

1792. §5493 — Section 11(1) of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(C)(i), probably means section 11( l ) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is classified to section 248( l ) of this title.

1793. §5493 — Section 2302(b)(11), referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(C)(ii), probably means section 2302(b)(11) of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

1794. §5494 — Consumer Advisory Board

1795. §5495 — Coordination

1796. §5496 — Appearances before and reports to Congress

1797. § 5496a. Annual audits

1798. § 5496b. GAO study of financial regulations

1799. §5497 — Funding; penalties and fines

1800. §5498 — Data standards

1801. §5499 — Open data publication

1802. §5511 — Purpose, objectives, and functions

1803. §5512 — Rulemaking authority

1804. §5513 — Review of Bureau regulations

1805. §5514 — Supervision of nondepository covered persons

1806. §5515 — Supervision of very large banks, savings associations, and credit unions

1807. §5516 — Other banks, savings associations, and credit unions

1808. §5517 — Limitations on authorities of the Bureau; preservation of authorities

1809. §5518 — Authority to restrict mandatory pre-dispute arbitration

1810. §5519 — Exclusion for auto dealers

1811. §5531 — Prohibiting unfair, deceptive, or abusive acts or practices

1812. §5532 — Disclosures

1813. §5533 — Consumer rights to access information

1814. §5534 — Response to consumer complaints and inquiries

1815. §5535 — Private Education Loan Ombudsman

1816. §5536 — Prohibited acts

1817. §5537 — Senior investor protections

1818. §5538 — Mortgage loans; rulemaking procedures; enforcement

1819. §5551 — Relation to State law

1820. §5551 — Section 1083, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 1083 of Pub. L. 111–203 , which amended sections 3802 and 3803 of this title and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 3802 of this title .

1821. §5552 — Preservation of enforcement powers of States

1822. §5553 — Preservation of existing contracts

1823. §5561 — Definitions

1824. §5562 — Investigations and administrative discovery

1825. §5563 — Hearings and adjudication proceedings

1826. §5564 — Litigation authority

1827. §5565 — Relief available

1828. §5566 — Referrals for criminal proceedings

1829. §5567 — Employee protection

1830. §5581 — Transfer of consumer financial protection functions

1831. §5582 — Designated transfer date

1832. §5583 — Savings provisions

1833. §5583 — Section 5581(b)(5) of this title does not affect the validity of any right, duty, or obligation of the United States, the Federal Trade Commission, or any other person, that—

1834. §5584 — Transfer of certain personnel

1835. §5585 — Incidental transfers

1836. §5586 — Interim authority of the Secretary

1837. §5587 — Transition oversight

1838. §5601 — Remittance transfers

1839. §5601 — Section 1693 o –1(a)(2) of title 15, referred to in subsec. (e)(3), does not contain a subpar. (D).

1840. §5602 — Reverse mortgage study and regulations

1841. §5602 — Section 4302(d), referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B), probably was a reference to section 4302(d) of the House Engrossed version of H.R. 4173, 111th Congress. A later version of H.R. 4173 was enacted as Pub. L. 111–203 , and as so enacted, doesn’t contain a section 4302. However, section 1032(f) of Pub. L. 111–203 , which is classified to section 5532(f) of this title , contains substantially similar provisions to the section 4302(d) that was probably referred to.

1842. §5603 — Review, report, and program with respect to exchange facilitators

1843. §5611 — Liquidity event determination

1844. §5612 — Emergency financial stabilization

1845. §5612 — Section 1105 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(4)(C), (D), is section 1105 of Pub. L. 111–203 , which is classified to this section.

1846. §5612 — Section 208(n)(5)(E), referred to in subsec. (e)(5), probably means section 210(n)(5)(E) of Pub. L. 111–203 , which is classified to section 5390(n)(5)(E) of this title , because section 208 does not contain a subsec. (n) and section 210(n)(5)(E) relates to treatment of certain purchases and sales of obligations by the Secretary as public debt.

1847. §5613 — Additional related matters

1848. §5614 — Exercise of Federal Reserve authority

1849. §5621 — Purpose

1850. §5622 — Definitions

1851. §5623 — Expanded access to mainstream financial institutions

1852. §5624 — Low-cost alternatives to small dollar loans

1853. §5625 — Procedural provisions

1854. §5626 — Authorization of appropriations

1855. §5627 — Regulations

1856. §5628 — Evaluation and reports to Congress

1857. §5641 — Enhanced compensation structure reporting

1858. §5641 — Section 1831p–1 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was in the original “section of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act ( 12 U.S.C. 2 1831p–1)”, and was translated as reading “section 39 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act”, which is classified to section 1831p–1 of this title , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1859. §5701 — Definitions

1860. §5701 — Section 308(b) of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, referred to in par. (17), is section 308(b) of Pub. L. 101–73 , which is set out in a note under section 1463 of this title .

1861. §5702 — Federal funds allocated to States

1862. §5703 — Approving States for participation

1863. §5704 — Approving State capital access programs

1864. §5705 — Approving collateral support and other innovative credit access and guarantee initiatives for small businesses and manufacturers

1865. §5706 — Reports

1866. §5707 — Remedies for State program termination or failures

1867. §5708 — Implementation and administration

1868. §5709 — Regulations

1869. §5710 — Oversight and audits

1870. §5801 — Findings and purpose

1871. §5802 — Definitions

1872. §5803 — LIBOR contracts

1873. §5804 — Continuity of contract and safe harbor

1874. §5805 — Benchmark for loans

1875. §5806 — Preemption

1876. §5807 — Rulemaking

Title 13

1. §1 — Definitions

2. §2 — Bureau of the Census

3. §2 — Section 1 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., provided that the “Census Office” temporarily established in the Department of the Interior in accordance with the act of Mar. 3, 1899 (ch. 419, 30 Stat. 1014 ) “is made” a permanent office in the Department of Commerce. Such wording is no longer necessary, and the provisions, as revised in this section, merely continue the Bureau (of the Census) as an agency within, and under the jurisdiction of, the Department of Commerce.

4. §3 — Seal

5. §4 — Functions of Secretary; regulations; delegation

6. §5 — Questionnaires; number, form, and scope of inquiries

7. §6 — Information from other Federal departments and agencies; acquisition of reports from other governmental and private sources

8. §7 — Printing; requisitions upon Director of the Government Publishing Office; publication of bulletins and reports

9. §8 — Authenticated transcripts or copies of certain returns; other data; restriction on use; disposition of fees received

10. §9 — Information as confidential; exception

11. §9 — Section 2(f) of the Census of Agriculture Act of 1997, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 2204g(f) of Title 7 , Agriculture.

12. §9 — Section 210 of the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 210 of Pub. L. 105–119 , title II, Nov. 26, 1997 , 111 Stat. 2483 , which amended this section and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 141 of this title .

13. §11 — Authorization of appropriations

14. §12 — Mechanical and electronic development

15. §13 — Procurement of professional services

16. §15 — Leases for 1980 decennial census

17. §15 — Section 322 of the Act of June 30, 1932 ( 47 Stat. 412 ), referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 100–678, § 7 , Nov. 17, 1988 , 102 Stat. 4052 .

18. §16 — Address information reviewed by States and local governments

19. §16 — Section 3 of the Census Address List Improvement Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is section 3 of Pub. L. 103–430 , set out below.

20. §21 — Director of the Census; duties

21. §22 — Qualifications of permanent personnel

22. §23 — Additional officers and employees

23. §23 — Section 122 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., which related to quinquennial censuses of manufacturers, the mineral industries, transportation, and other businesses (see subchapter I of chapter 5 of this revised title), and section 252 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., which related to quinquennial censuses of governments (see subchapter III of chapter 5 of this title), made section 203 of such title applicable to those censuses. However, since the particular provisions of such section 203 that have been carried into this revised section apparently related, as supplemented by section 1442(b) of title 42 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., to the decennial censuses provided for in sections 201 et seq. of such title, and in such section 1442 of title 42 (see subchapter II of chapter 5 of this revised title), and apparently could have no relevancy to the quinquennial censuses referred to above, this revised section relates only to such decennial censuses.

24. §23 — Section 301 of the Dual Compensation Act, referred to in subsec. (b), which was classified to section 3105 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 632 , and reenacted by the first section thereof as section 5533 of Title 5 .

25. §24 — Section 4 of the Travel Expense Act of 1949, as amended ( 5 U.S.C. 837 ), referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 632 , and reenacted by the first section thereof as section 5704 of Title 5 .

26. §24 — Special employment provisions

27. §24 — Title VII of the Classification Act of 1949, as amended, referred to in subsec. (a), is title VII of act Oct. 28, 1949, ch. 872 , 63 Stat. 967 , which was classified to sections 1121 to 1123 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, and was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 632 , and reenacted by the first section thereof as sections 5335 and 5336 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

28. §25 — Duties of supervisors, enumerators, and other employees

29. §26 — Section 4 of the Travel Expense Act of 1949, as amended ( 5 U.S.C. 837 ), referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 632 , and reenacted by the first section thereof as section 5704 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

30. §26 — Transportation by contract

31. §41 — Collection and publication

32. §42 — Contents of reports; number of bales of linter; distribution; publication by Department of Agriculture

33. §43 — Records and reports of cotton ginners

34. §44 — Foreign cotton statistics

35. §45 — Simultaneous publication of cotton reports

36. §61 — Collection and publication

37. §62 — Additional statistics

38. §63 — Duplicate collection of statistics prohibited; access to available statistics

39. §81 — Statistics on apparel and textile industries

40. §91 — Collection and publication

41. §91 — Section 3(a) of the Small Business Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(4)(A), is classified to section 632(a) of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

42. §91 — Section 6(b) of the Federal Trade Commission Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to section 46(b) of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

43. §91 — Section 6103(j)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (c), is classified to section 6103(j)(1) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

44. §101 — Defective, dependent, and delinquent classes; crime

45. §101 — Section 111 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., also authorized the decennial collection of statistics relating to the fishing industry “in cooperation with the Fish and Wildlife Service”. In the basic statutory provision (see amendment by act June 7, 1906, ch. 3048 , 34 Stat. 218 , “Fish and Wildlife Service” read “Bureau of Fisheries” and it was changed, by the codifiers, in such section 111 to the former designation because of 1940 Reorganization Plan No. III, § 3, 5 F.R. 2107, 54 Stat. 1232 , which consolidated the Bureau of Fisheries and the Bureau of Biological Survey into one agency to be known as the “Fish and Wildlife Service”. However, at the time of the enactment of the 1906 act, referred to above, both the Bureau of the Fisheries, and the Census Bureau (then referred to as the “Census Office”), were in the Department of Commerce. The Bureau of Fisheries was transferred to the Department of the Interior by 1939 Reorganization Plan No. II, § 4(e), 4 F.R. 2731, 53 Stat. 1431 , and it is within that department that the Fish and Wildlife Service now functions. Therefore, such provision in section 111 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., has been omitted from this revised title as obsolete. In any event section 121 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed. (subchapter I of chapter 5 of this revised title) is broad enough to authorize such collection.

46. §102 — Religion

47. §103 — Designation of reports

48. §103 — Section 111 of title 13 , U.S.C. 1952 ed., provided that the reports prepared under the provisions of that section should be designated as “Special Reports of the Census Office”. In this revised section it is provided that such reports shall be designated as “ ‘Special Reports’ followed by the name of whatever bureau or agency of the Department of Commerce is designated by the Secretary to collect and compile such statistics”. This change conforms with 1950 Reorganization Plan No. 5, §§ 1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950 , 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263 , which transferred the functions of all agencies, bureaus, officers, and employees of the Department of Commerce to the Secretary, and vested power in him to delegate any of such transferred functions, or any of his other functions, to any of such agencies, bureaus, officers, or employees. See section 4 of this title .

49. §103 — Section 7 of the act of Mar. 6, 1902, ch. 139 , 32 Stat. 52 , cited above, from which section 111 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., was derived, contained additional provisions (which were not classified to the United States Code) relating to the duty of the Director of the Census to publish the Official Register of the United States, and to the transmission to him of the data to be included therein. Such provisions have been omitted as they were superseded by act Mar. 3, 1925, ch. 421, § 2(a)(b) , 43 Stat. 1105 , which was formerly classified to section 3 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., and which, in turn, was repealed by section 5 of act Aug. 28, 1935, ch. 795 , 49 Stat. 957 , and superseded by sections 1 and 2 of that act. Such sections 1 and 2, as amended, are classified to section 654 of title 5 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees. Under that section, the Official Register is published by the Civil Service Commission. Provisions relating to its distribution are contained in sections 139, 139a and 280a of title 44, U.S.C., 1952 ed., Public Printing and Documents.

50. §131 — Collection and publication; five-year periods

51. §132 — Controlling law; effect on other agencies

52. §141 — Population and other census information

53. §141 — Sec. 2. Policy . Both the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution and section 2a(a) of title 2 , United States Code, require that the apportionment base of each State, for the purpose of the reapportionment of Representatives following the decennial census, include all persons whose usual place of residence was in that State as of the designated census date, regardless of their immigration status. These laws, affirmed by the executive branch’s longstanding historical practice, do not permit the exclusion of inhabitants of the United States from the apportionment base solely on the ground that they lack a lawful immigration status. Reflecting this legal background, and the values of equal representation and respect that the Constitution and laws embody, it is the policy of the United States that reapportionment shall be based on the total number of persons residing in the several States, without regard for immigration status. It is likewise essential that the census count be accurate and based on reliable and high-quality data.

54. §141 — Sec. 3. Ensuring that the Apportionment Base and State-Level Tabulations Include All Inhabitants of Each State . In preparing the report to the President required under section 141(b) of title 13 , United States Code, the Secretary shall report the tabulation of total population by State that reflects the whole number of persons whose usual residence was in each State as of the designated census date in section 141(a) of title 13 , United States Code, without regard to immigration status. In addition, the Secretary shall use tabulations of population reflecting the whole number of persons whose usual residence was in each State as of the census date, without regard to immigration status, in reports provided to the Governor and officers or public bodies having responsibility for legislative apportionment or districting of each State under section 141(c) of title 13 , United States Code.

55. §141 — Sec. 4. Data Quality . The Secretary shall take all necessary steps, consistent with law, to ensure that the total population information presented to the President and to the States is accurate and complies with all applicable laws.

56. §141 — Sec. 5. Revocation . Executive Order 13880 of July 11, 2019 (Collecting Information About Citizenship Status in Connection With the Decennial Census) [formerly set out above], and the Presidential Memorandum of July 21, 2020 (Excluding Illegal Aliens From the Apportionment Base Following the 2020 Census), are hereby revoked.

57. §141 — Sec. 6. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

58. §141 — Section 1. Background . We have long guaranteed all of the Nation’s inhabitants representation in the House of Representatives. This tradition is foundational to our representative democracy, for our elected representatives have a responsibility to represent the interests of all people residing in the United States and affected by our laws. This tradition also respects the dignity and humanity of every person. Accordingly, the executive branch has always determined the population of each State, for purposes of congressional representation, without regard to whether its residents are in lawful immigration status.

59. §141 — Section 1442 of title 42 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., the Public Health and Welfare (which section has been transferred in its entirety to this revised title), made all provisions of chapter 4 of title 13, U.S.C., 1952 ed., applicable to the housing censuses provided for in such section. However, section 201 of such title 13 (which section was a part of such chapter 4), which, as indicated above, has been carried into this revised section, could not, except, possibly, for the provisions thereof relating to the territorial scope of the censuses and to the census duties of the governors of Guam, Samoa, the Virgin Islands, and the Canal Zone, have any relevancy to such housing censuses, and such section 1442 of title 42 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., contained its own provisions relating to territorial scope of the housing censuses. Therefore the provisions of this revised section have not been made so applicable.

60. §161 — Quinquennial censuses; inclusion of certain data

61. §163 — Authority of other agencies

62. §181 — Population

63. §182 — Surveys

64. §183 — Use of most recent population data

65. §184 — Definitions

66. §191 — Geographic scope of censuses

67. §193 — Preliminary and supplemental statistics

68. §195 — Use of sampling

69. §196 — Special censuses

70. §211 — Receiving or securing compensation for appointment of employees

71. §212 — Refusal or neglect of employees to perform duties

72. §213 — False statements, certificates, and information

73. §214 — Wrongful disclosure of information

74. §221 — Refusal or neglect to answer questions; false answers

75. §222 — Giving suggestions or information with intent to cause inaccurate enumeration of population

76. §222 — Section 122 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., made section 209 of such title applicable to the quinquennial censuses of manufactures, the mineral industries, and other businesses provided for by section 121(a) thereof (subchapter I of chapter 5 of this revised title), and applicable, with certain qualifications and exceptions, to the interim surveys, which section 121(b) thereof provided for, not only with respect to those censuses but also the censuses provided for in “other Acts” (chapter 5 of this title). However, the particular provisions of such section 209 that have been carried into this revised section related only to population enumerations, and this section has accordingly been restricted to the population censuses authorized under subchapter II of chapter 5 of this title, and to the interim surveys authorized under subchapter IV of such chapter only in so far as they relate to population enumerations. The exceptions and qualifications with respect to the application of this section to such interim surveys are set out elsewhere in this subchapter.

77. §223 — Refusal, by owners, proprietors, etc., to assist census employees

78. §223 — Section 122 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., made section 209 of such title applicable to the interim surveys (provided for by section 121(b) thereof) not only with respect to the censuses of manufacturers, the mineral industries, and other businesses provided for by section 121(a) thereof, but also with respect to the censuses provided for by “other Acts” (chapter 5 of this title). However, section 252 of that title, which was a part of a chapter thereof relating to the quinquennial censuses of governments (subchapter III of chapter 5 of this revised title), in making certain sections of chapter 4 thereof applicable to such censuses, did not specify such section 209. Therefore, this revised section is not made so applicable, either to the censuses of governments provided for in subchapter III of chapter 5 of this title, or to surveys provided for in subchapter IV thereof in so far as such surveys relate to governments.

79. §224 — Failure to answer questions affecting companies, businesses, religious bodies, and other organizations; false answers

80. §224 — Section 210 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., by its own terms was applicable to the collection of miscellaneous statistics provided for by section 111 of such title (subchapter III of chapter 3 of this revised title), except that such section 111 placed certain restrictions upon the collection of statistics on religion. These restrictions, along with those of section 122 of such title with respect to the making of surveys, and along with provisions excepting this section from application to the censuses of governments provided for by section 251 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed. (subchapter III of chapter 5 of this revised title), are set out as another section in this revised title. Subject to those exceptions and restrictions, this section applies to all collections and censuses provided for in this title, in so far as it is relevant.

81. §225 — Applicability of penal provisions in certain cases

82. §241 — Evidence

83. §241 — Section 74 of title 13 , U.S.C., 1952 ed., authorized the making of requests for information by registered mail, and provided that, if so made, the registry receipt should be “accepted as evidence of such demand”. Section 84 thereof authorized the making of requests by registered mail, or “by telegraph”, and provided that, if so made, the “return” receipt therefor should be “prima facie evidence of an official request”. The authorizations contained in such sections have been carried into section 224 of this title , and the evidentiary provisions thereof have been carried into this section, and they apply to investigations other than those to which such sections 74 and 84 related. See Revision Note to section 224 of this title .

84. §301 — Collection and publication

85. §302 — Rules, regulations, and orders

86. §303 — Secretary of Treasury functions

87. §304 — Filing export information, delayed filings, penalties for failure to file

88. §305 — Penalties for unlawful export information activities

89. §306 — Delegation of functions

90. §307 — Relationship to general census law

91. §401 — Exchange of census information with Bureau of Economic Analysis

92. §402 — Providing business data to Designated Statistical Agencies

Title 14

1. §101 — Establishment of Coast Guard

2. §101 — Section 48, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 499 , related to permanent grade of that Assistant Commandant and Engineer in Chief on expiration of term.

3. §101 — Section 49, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 499 , related to grade and retired pay upon retirement of Assistant Commandant or Engineer in Chief.

4. §102 — Primary duties

5. §103 — Department in which the Coast Guard operates

6. §104 — Removing restrictions

7. §105 — Secretary defined

8. §106 — Commandant defined

9. §106 — Section 212, added Pub. L. 88–130, § 1(10)(C) , Sept. 24, 1963 , 77 Stat. 177 ; amended Pub. L. 98–557, § 15(a)(3)(B) , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2865 , related to original appointment of permanent commissioned warrant officers in Coast Guard. See section 571 et seq. of Title 10, Armed Forces.

10. §106 — Section 213, added Pub. L. 88–130, § 1(10)(C) , Sept. 24, 1963 , 77 Stat. 178 ; amended Pub. L. 98–557, § 15(a)(3)(B) , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2865 , related to original appointment of permanent warrant officers (W–1) in Coast Guard. See section 571 et seq. of Title 10.

11. §106 — Section 221, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 512 , authorized filling of vacancies in active list of regular commissioned officers.

12. §106 — Section 222, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 512 ; May 14, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–474, § 1(16) , 74 Stat. 146 , related to promotion to flag rank.

13. §106 — Section 223, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 512 , related to methods and criteria used in filling of vacancies by promotion.

14. §106 — Section 224, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 512 , authorized filling of vacancies by appointment.

15. §106 — Section 225, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 513 , authorized President to make permanent appointments. See section 571 et seq. of Title 10, Armed Forces.

16. §106 — Section 226, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 513 , authorized appointment of temporary commissioned officers.

17. §106 — Section 227, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 514 ; May 5, 1950, ch. 169, § 15 , 64 Stat. 148 , related to promotion and discharge of temporary commissioned officers.

18. §106 — Section 228, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 514 , authorized appointment of commissioned warrant officers. See section 571 et seq. of Title 10, Armed Forces.

19. §106 — Section 229, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 514 , related to revocation of commissions during first three years of service.

20. §106 — Section 230, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 514 ; May 29, 1954, ch. 249, § 19(h) , 68 Stat. 167 , related to compulsory retirement of commissioned officers, with exception of commissioned warrant officers, at age 62.

21. §106 — Section 231, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 514 , related to voluntary retirement after 30 years service.

22. §106 — Section 232, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 514 ; Aug. 4, 1955, ch. 553, § 2 , 69 Stat. 493 , related to voluntary retirement after 20 years service.

23. §106 — Section 233, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 515 , related to retirement for disabilities incident to service. See sections 1204 and 1376 of Title 10, Armed Forces. Section had previously been repealed by act Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 36 , 64 Stat. 408 .

24. §106 — Section 234, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 515 ; Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 5 , 64 Stat. 406 , related to retirement for failure in physical examination for promotion.

25. §106 — Section 235, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 515 , related to designation and assembly of a personnel board, its procedure and its recommendations.

26. §106 — Section 236, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 516 , related to involuntary retirement after 30 years’ service.

27. §106 — Section 237, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 516 , related to involuntary retirement after 10 years’ service.

28. §106 — Section 238, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 516 , related to voluntary retirement when out of line of promotion.

29. §106 — Section 239, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 516 ; Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 6 , 64 Stat. 406 , authorized advancement to a higher grade upon retirement in case of special commendation. Section had previously been repealed by Pub. L. 86–155, § 10(a)(1) , (b), Aug. 11, 1959 , 73 Stat. 338 , effective Nov. 1, 1959 .

30. §106 — Section 240, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 517 ; Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 7 , 64 Stat. 407 , authorized recall of retired officers in time of war or national emergency.

31. §106 — Section 241, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 517 ; Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 8 , 64 Stat. 407 , related to recall to active duty with the consent of the officer.

32. §106 — Section 242, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 517 ; Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 9 , 64 Stat. 407 , related to relief of retired officers promoted while on active duty.

33. §106 — Section 243, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 517 ; Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 10 , 64 Stat. 407 ; Aug. 14, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–144, § 1 , 71 Stat. 366 , related to retirement in cases where a higher grade has been held.

34. §106 — Section 244, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 517 , related to resignation when out of line of promotion.

35. §106 — Section 245, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 517 , related to retiring or dropping for disabilities not incident to service. See section 1207 of Title 10 , Armed Forces. Section had previously been repealed by act Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 36 , 64 Stat. 408 .

36. §106 — Section 246, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 518 , related to dropping for disabilities due to vicious habits. See section 1207 of Title 10 . Section had previously been repealed by act Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 36 , 64 Stat. 408 .

37. §106 — Section 247, added act Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 684, § 1(2) , 69 Stat. 620 ; amended May 14, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–474, § 1(17) , 74 Stat. 146 , related to involuntary retirement of rear admirals and to their retention on active list.

38. §106 — Section 248, added act Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 684, § 1(2) , 69 Stat. 620 , related to involuntary retirement of captains and to their retention on active list.

39. §301 — Grades and ratings

40. §302 — Commandant; appointment

41. §303 — Retirement of Commandant or Vice Commandant

42. §304 — Vice Commandant; appointment

43. §305 — Vice admirals

44. §306 — Retirement

45. §307 — Vice admirals and admiral, continuity of grade

46. §308 — Chief Acquisition Officer

47. §309 — Office of the Coast Guard Reserve; Director

48. §310 — Chief of Staff to President: appointment

49. §311 — Captains of the port

50. §312 — Prevention and response workforces

51. §313 — Centers of expertise for Coast Guard prevention and response

52. §314 — Marine industry training program

53. §315 — Training for congressional affairs personnel

54. §316 — National Coast Guard Museum

55. §317 — United States Coast Guard Band; composition; director

56. §318 — Environmental Compliance and Restoration Program

57. §319 — Unmanned system program and autonomous control and computer vision technology project

58. §320 — Coast Guard Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps

59. §321 — Congressional affairs; Director

60. §322 — Redistricting notification requirement

61. §322 — Section 363, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 523 , related to retiring or dropping for disabilities not incident to service. See section 1207 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

62. §322 — Section 364, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 523 , related to dropping for disabilities due to vicious habits. See section 1207 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

63. §322 — Section 431, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 526 ; Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 24 , 64 Stat. 407 , related to personnel of former Life Saving Service.

64. §322 — Section 433, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 528 ; Sept. 27, 1949, ch. 586 , 63 Stat. 698 ; Sept. 24, 1963 , Pub. L. 88–130, § 1(11) , 77 Stat. 190 ; Oct. 12, 1982 , Pub. L. 97–295, § 2(11) , (14), 96 Stat. 1302 , related to personnel of former Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation and Bureau of Customs.

65. §322 — Section 434, added act Sept. 23, 1950, ch. 996 , 64 Stat. 978 ; amended Oct. 12, 1982 , Pub. L. 97–295, § 2(14) , 96 Stat. 1302 , related to personnel appointed as constructors.

66. §322 — Section 435, added act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, § 9(a) , 70A Stat. 620 , related to temporary appointments in time of war or national emergency.

67. §322 — Section 436, added act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, § 9(a) , 70A Stat. 621 , related to temporary promotions in time of war or national emergency.

68. §322 — Section 437, acts Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, § 9(a) , 70A Stat. 622 ; June 28, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–509, § 4(b) , 76 Stat. 121 , related to discharge during war or emergency of officers having less than 20 years of service for un­satisfactory performance of duty.

69. §322 — Section 439, added act July 20, 1956, ch. 647, § 3(a) , 70 Stat. 588 , related to oath of office.

70. §322 — Section 440, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 33(b)(1) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1567 , related to temporary promotion of warrant officers.

71. §322 — Section 464, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 531 , related to allotments of pay. See section 703 of Title 37 , Pay and Allowances of the Uniformed Services.

72. §322 — Section 465, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 531 , related to advances to officers ordered to and from sea or shore duty beyond the seas. See section 1006 of Title 37 , Pay and Allowances of the Uniformed Services.

73. §323 — Western Alaska Oil Spill Planning Criteria Program

74. §501 — Secretary; general powers

75. §502 — Delegation of powers by the Secretary

76. §503 — Regulations

77. §504 — Commandant; general powers

78. §504 — Section 4(e) of the Ports and Waterways Safety Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B), is section 4(e) of Pub. L. 92–340 , which was classified to section 1223(e) of Title 33 , Navigation and Navigable Waters, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 115–282, title IV, § 402(e) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4264 . See Transitional and Savings Provisions note preceding section 101 of Title 46 , Shipping, and section 70001 of Title 46 .

79. §505 — Functions and powers vested in the Commandant

80. §506 — Prospective payment of funds necessary to provide medical care

81. §507 — Appointment of judges

82. §508 — Coast Guard health-care professionals; licensure portability

83. §509 — Space-available travel on Coast Guard aircraft

84. §510 — Conveyance of Coast Guard vessels for public purposes

85. §521 — Saving life and property

86. §522 — Law enforcement

87. §523 — Enforcement authority

88. §524 — Enforcement of coastwise trade laws

89. §525 — Special agents of the Coast Guard Investigative Service law enforcement authority

90. §526 — Section 379 of title 10 , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was renumbered section 279 of title 10 by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

91. §526 — Stopping vessels; indemnity for firing at or into vessel

92. §527 — Safety of vessels of the Armed Forces

93. §527 — Section 13 of the Ports and Waterways Safety Act, referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–282, title IV, § 402(e) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4264 . See Transitional and Savings Provisions note preceding section 101 of Title 46 , Shipping, and section 70036 of Title 46 .

94. §528 — Protecting against unmanned aircraft

95. §528 — Section 210G(k)(3)(C)(iii), (iv) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, referred to in text, is classified to section 124n(k)(3)(C)(iii), (iv) of Title 6, Domestic Security.

96. §541 — Aids to navigation authorized

97. §542 — Unauthorized aids to maritime navigation; penalty

98. §543 — Interference with aids to navigation; penalty

99. §544 — Aids to maritime navigation; penalty

100. §545 — Marking of obstructions

101. §546 — Deposit of damage payments

102. §547 — Rewards for apprehension of persons interfering with aids to navigation

103. §548 — Prohibition against officers and employees being interested in contracts for materials

104. §549 — Lighthouse and other sites; necessity and sufficiency of cession by State of jurisdiction

105. §550 — Marking pierheads in certain lakes

106. §561 — Icebreaking in polar regions

107. §562 — Appeals and waivers

108. §563 — Notification of certain determinations

109. §563 — Section 563, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 539 ; Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 28 , 64 Stat. 407 , related to summary courts-martial.

110. §563 — Section 564, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 540 ; Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 29 , 64 Stat. 407 , related to general courts-martial.

111. §563 — Section 565, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 540 , related to Public Health Service officers as court members.

112. §563 — Section 566, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 541 , related to reviewing authorities.

113. §563 — Section 567, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 541 , related to jurisdiction of offenses.

114. §563 — Section 570, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 542 , related to designation of any Federal prison for execution of sentence.

115. §563 — Section 571, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 542 , related to Treasury and Navy Department jurisdiction.

116. §563 — Section 572, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 543 , related to courts of inquiry.

117. §563 — Section 573, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 543 , related to contempt of court.

118. §563 — Section 574, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 543 , related to issuance of and penalties for failure to comply with subpoenas.

119. §563 — Section 575, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 543 , related to arrest of deserters.

120. §563 — Section 576, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 544 , related to allowances to and transportation of prisoners.

121. §563 — Section 634, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 545 ; Pub. L. 86–70, § 11 , June 25, 1959 , 73 Stat. 143 ; Pub. L. 97–295, § 2(18) , Oct. 12, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1302 , related to officers designated as captain of the port or ports or adjacent high seas or waters over which the United States has jurisdiction, or appointed as United States Deputy Marshals in Alaska, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 104(c)(2) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4199 .

122. §563 — Section 682, added Pub. L. 104–324, title II, § 208(a) , Oct. 19, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3910 ; amended Pub. L. 108–293, title II, § 207(b) , Aug. 9, 2004 , 118 Stat. 1034 , related to direct loans and loan guarantees.

123. §563 — Section 683, added Pub. L. 104–324, title II, § 208(a) , Oct. 19, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3910 , related to leasing of housing to be constructed.

124. §563 — Section 684, added Pub. L. 104–324, title II, § 208(a) , Oct. 19, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3911 ; amended Pub. L. 108–293, title II, § 207(c) , Aug. 9, 2004 , 118 Stat. 1034 , related to limited partnerships with eligible entities.

125. §563 — Section 690, added Pub. L. 101–225, title II, § 222(a) , Dec. 12, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1917 , defined terms for purposes of former sections 690 to 693 of this title.

126. §563 — Section 691, added Pub. L. 101–225, title II, § 222(a) , Dec. 12, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1917 ; amended Pub. L. 114–120, title II, § 209(11) , Feb. 8, 2016 , 130 Stat. 41 , related to a program of environmental compliance and restoration at current and former Coast Guard facilities.

127. §563 — Section 692, added Pub. L. 101–225, title II, § 222(a) , Dec. 12, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1918 , related to the Coast Guard Environmental Compliance and Restoration Account.

128. §563 — Section 693, added Pub. L. 101–225, title II, § 222(a) , Dec. 12, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1918 ; amended Pub. L. 112–213, title II, § 213(b) , Dec. 20, 2012 , 126 Stat. 1553 ; Pub. L. 115–232, div. C, title XXXV, § 3531(c)(3) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2320 , required the Commandant to submit a prioritized list of projects eligible for environmental compliance and restoration funding for each fiscal year.

129. §564 — Administration of sexual assault forensic examination kits

130. §701 — Cooperation with other agencies, States, territories, and political subdivisions

131. §702 — State Department

132. §703 — Treasury Department

133. §704 — Department of the Army and Department of the Air Force

134. §705 — Navy Department

135. §705 — Section 3 of this title deals with the relationship of the Coast Guard to the Navy Department. This section deals with cooperation with the Navy. Whereas the status of the Coast Guard in time of war was treated in chapter 1 of this title, this section has application in time of peace when the Coast Guard is not under the Navy Department.

136. §706 — United States Postal Service

137. §707 — Department of Commerce

138. §708 — Department of Health and Human Services

139. §709 — Maritime instruction

140. §710 — Assistance to foreign governments and maritime authorities

141. §711 — Coast Guard officers as attachés to missions

142. §712 — Contracts with Government-owned establishments for work and material

143. §713 — Nonappropriated fund instrumentalities: contracts with other agencies and instrumentalities to provide or obtain goods and services

144. §714 — Arctic maritime domain awareness

145. §715 — Oceanographic research

146. §716 — Arctic maritime transportation

147. §716 — Section 55501 of title 46 , United States Code, referred to in subsec. (c), was redesignated section 50401 of title 46 by Pub. L. 117–81, div. C, title XXXV, § 3512(a)(3) , Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat. 2239 .

148. §717 — Agreements

149. §718 — Training; emergency response providers

150. §719 — Research projects; transactions other than contracts and grants

151. §719 — Section 2371b of title 10 , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(B), was renumbered section 4022 of title 10 by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1841(b)(1) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4243 , as amended by Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(u)(2)(B) , Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat. 2151 .

152. §720 — Section 704(c) of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 704(c) of Pub. L. 104–104 , which is set out as a note under section 332 of Title 47 , Telecommunications.

153. §720 — Section 753a, added act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, § 15(a) , 70A Stat. 625 , related to the Coast Guard Reserve Policy Board.

154. §720 — Section 754, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 551 , related to grades and ratings and military authority.

155. §720 — Section 755, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 551 ; Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 536, § 32 , 64 Stat. 408 ; Aug. 16, 1957 , Pub. L. 85–149 , 71 Stat. 369 ; Sept. 7, 1962 , Pub. L. 87–649, § 7(a) , 76 Stat. 495 ; Sept. 25, 1965 , Pub. L. 89–200 , 79 Stat. 834 ; June 9, 1966 , Pub. L. 89–444, § 1(23) , 80 Stat. 197 ; Dec. 5, 1973 , Pub. L. 93–174, § 2(1) , 87 Stat. 692 , related to benefits.

156. §720 — Section 756, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 552 , related to temporary membership.

157. §720 — Section 757, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 552 , related to exemption from military training and the draft.

158. §720 — Section 759a, added act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, § 16(a) , 70A Stat. 626 ; amended Sept. 24, 1963 , Pub. L. 88–130, § 1(12) , 77 Stat. 190 , related to wartime appointments and promotions.

159. §720 — Section 760, acts Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 553 ; Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, § 15 , 65 Stat. 715 ; Aug. 3, 1956, ch. 926, § 2(a) , 70 Stat. 981 ; May 14, 1974 , Pub. L. 93–283, § 1(12) , 88 Stat. 141 , related to disability or death benefits for temporary members.

160. §720 — Section 761, act Aug. 4, 1949, ch. 393 , 63 Stat. 554 , related to members of the Reserve engaging in civil occupations.

161. §720 — Section 763, added Pub. L. 87–704, § 1(a) , Sept. 27, 1962 , 76 Stat. 632 , related to a certificate of honorable service of temporary members.

162. §720 — Section 764, added Pub. L. 92–479, § 1 , Oct. 9, 1972 , 86 Stat. 794 , related to active duty for emergency augmentation of regular forces.

163. §720 — Section 765, added Pub. L. 93–283, § 1(13) , May 14, 1974 , 88 Stat. 141 , related to enlistment of members engaged in schooling.

164. §720 — Section 770, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1547 ; amended Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(2) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 839 , defined terms.

165. §720 — Section 771, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1548 ; amended Pub. L. 89–444, § 1(24) , June 9, 1966 , 80 Stat. 197 ; Pub. L. 93–174, § 2(3) , Dec. 5, 1973 , 87 Stat. 692 , related to applicability of sections 770 to 798 of this title.

166. §720 — Section 772, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1548 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 2(1) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 280 ; Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(3) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 839 , related to authorized number of officers.

167. §720 — Section 773, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1548 ; amended Pub. L. 86–559, § 2(2) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 281 , related to constructive credit upon initial appointment.

168. §720 — Section 774, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1549 ; amended Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(4) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 839 , related to eligibility for promotion and retention in active status.

169. §720 — Section 775, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1549 ; amended Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(5) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 839 ; Pub. L. 93–174, § 2(4) , Dec. 5, 1973 , 87 Stat. 692 , related to appointment of selection boards.

170. §720 — Section 776, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 1 , § 5(2), Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1549 , related to Reserve officer’s grade on entry upon active duty.

171. §720 — Section 777, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1549 , related to recommendations for promotion of officers previously removed from active status.

172. §720 — Section 778, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1550 , related to suspension of sections 770 to 798 of this title in war or national emergency.

173. §720 — Section 779, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1550 , related to sea or foreign service requirements.

174. §720 — Section 780, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1550 ; amended Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(6) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 839 ; Pub. L. 93–174, § 2(5) , (6), Dec. 5, 1973 , 87 Stat. 692 , related to recommendations of selection boards.

175. §720 — Section 781, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1551 ; amended Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(7) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 840 , related to precedence in grades of officers.

176. §720 — Section 782, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1551 ; amended Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(8) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 840 , related to running mates.

177. §720 — Section 783, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1552 , related to promotion zones.

178. §720 — Section 784, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1552 ; amended Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(9) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 841 , related to date of rank upon promotion.

179. §720 — Section 785, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1552 , related to limitations on consideration for promotion.

180. §720 — Section 786, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1552 , related to qualifications for promotion.

181. §720 — Section 787, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1552 ; amended Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(10) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 841 ; Pub. L. 93–174, § 2(7) , Dec. 5, 1973 , 87 Stat. 692 , related to failure of selection and elimination.

182. §720 — Section 787a, added Pub. L. 86–559, § 2(3) , June 30, 1960 , 74 Stat. 281 , provided for elimination from active status of excessive numbers to provide a flow of promotions.

183. §720 — Section 788, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1553 , related to effect of removal by President or failure of consent of Senate.

184. §720 — Section 789, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1553 , related to maximum ages for retention in active status.

185. §720 — Section 790, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1554 ; amended Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(11) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 841 , related to types of promotion.

186. §720 — Section 791, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1554 ; amended Pub. L. 88–130, § 1(13) , Sept. 24, 1963 , 77 Stat. 190 ; Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(12) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 842 , related to promotion of officers on active duty.

187. §720 — Section 792, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1554 , related to appointment of former Navy and Coast Guard officers.

188. §720 — Section 793, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1554 , related to grades upon relief of retired officers.

189. §720 — Section 794, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1554 , authorized Secretary to promulgate regulations.

190. §720 — Section 795, added Pub. L. 85–861, § 5(2) , Sept. 2, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1555 , related to effect of sections 770 to 798 of this title on retirements and retired pay.

191. §720 — Section 796, added Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(13) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 842 ; amended Pub. L. 93–174, § 2(8) , Dec. 5, 1973 , 87 Stat. 692 , related to failure of selection for promotion.

192. §720 — Section 797, added Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(13) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 842 , related to acceptance of promotion and oath of office.

193. §720 — Section 798, added Pub. L. 91–402, § 1(13) , Sept. 18, 1970 , 84 Stat. 843 , related to maximum service in grade of rear admiral.

194. §720 — VHF communications services

195. §721 — Responses to safety recommendations

196. §901 — Disposal of certain material

197. §902 — Employment of draftsmen and engineers

198. §903 — Section 8513(a)(2)(B) of Pub. L. 116–283 amended subsec. (d)(1) of this section “amended by section 241(b)(1)”. Section 241(a), (b) of Pub. L. 116–283 , set out as a note preceding section 501 of Title 10 , Armed Forces, does not amend this section. Section 261(a)(1) of S. 2297, 116th Congress, known as the Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2019, as reported to the Senate, would have amended subsec. (d)(1) of this title by striking “reporting” and inserting “briefing”. S. 2297 was not enacted into law.

199. §903 — Use of certain appropriated funds

200. §904 — Local hire

201. §905 — Procurement authority for family housing

202. §906 — Air Station Cape Cod Improvements

203. §907 — Long-term lease of special purpose facilities

204. §908 — Long-term lease authority for lighthouse property

205. §909 — Small boat station rescue capability

206. §910 — Small boat station closures

207. §911 — Search and rescue center standards

208. §912 — Air facility closures

209. §913 — Turnkey selection procedures

210. §914 — Disposition of infrastructure related to E–LORAN

211. §931 — Oaths required for boards

212. §932 — Administration of oaths

213. §933 — Coast Guard ensigns and pennants

214. §934 — Penalty for unauthorized use of words “Coast Guard”

215. §935 — Coast Guard band recordings for commercial sale

216. §936 — Confidentiality of medical quality assurance records; qualified immunity for participants

217. §937 — Admiralty claims against the United States

218. §938 — Claims for damage to property of the United States

219. §939 — Accounting for industrial work

220. §940 — Supplies and equipment from stock

221. §941 — Coast Guard Supply Fund

222. §942 — Public and commercial vessels and other watercraft; sale of fuel, supplies, and services

223. §943 — Arms and ammunition; immunity from taxation

224. §944 — Confidential investigative expenses

225. §945 — Assistance to film producers

226. §946 — User fees

227. §947 — Vessel construction bonding requirements

228. §948 — Contracts for medical care for retirees, dependents, and survivors: alternative delivery of health care

229. §949 — Telephone installation and charges

230. §950 — Designation, powers, and accountability of deputy disbursing officials

231. §951 — Aircraft accident investigations

232. §952 — Construction of Coast Guard vessels and assignment of vessel projects

233. §953 — Support for Coast Guard Academy

234. §954 — Mixed-funded athletic and recreational extracurricular programs

235. §1101 — Acquisition directorate

236. §1102 — Improvements in Coast Guard acquisition management

237. §1103 — Role of Vice Commandant in major acquisition programs

238. §1104 — Recognition of Coast Guard personnel for excellence in acquisition

239. §1105 — Prohibition on use of lead systems integrators

240. §1106 — Required contract terms

241. §1107 — Extension of major acquisition program contracts

242. §1107 — Section 2304 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , §§ 1801(d), 1881(a), Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4151 , 4293, effective Jan. 1, 2022 , with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law. Subsecs. (a) to ( l ) of section 2304 were transferred to various provisions in chapter 221 of this title, with the same effective date and conditions, by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1811(c)(2) –(5), (d)(2)–(9), Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4165–4170 .

243. §1108 — Department of Defense consultation

244. §1109 — Section 70101(6) of title 46 , referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(B), was redesignated section 70101(7) of title 46 by Pub. L. 115–254, div. J, § 1805(b)(1) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3534 .

245. §1109 — Undefinitized contractual actions

246. §1110 — Elevation of disputes to the Chief Acquisition Officer

247. §1111 — Acquisition workforce authorities

248. §1131 — Identification of major system acquisitions

249. §1132 — Acquisition

250. §1133 — Preliminary development and demonstration

251. §1133 — Section 1132(d)(1), referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was, prior to amendment of this section by Pub. L. 115–282 , a reference to section 572(d)(1) of this title , which was redesignated section 572(f)(1) of this title by Pub. L. 114–120, title II, § 204(a)(1) , Feb. 8, 2016 , 130 Stat. 34 . Section 572 of this title was renumbered section 1132 of this title by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 108(b)(2) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4208 .

252. §1134 — Acquisition, production, deployment, and support

253. §1135 — Acquisition program baseline breach

254. §1136 — Acquisition approval authority

255. §1136 — Section 16 of the Office of Federal Procurement Policy Act, referred to in par. (2), is section 16 of Pub. L. 93–400 , which was classified to section 414 of former Title 41, Public Contracts, and was repealed and reenacted as section 1702 of Title 41 , Public Contracts, by Pub. L. 111–350 , §§ 3, 7(b), Jan. 4, 2011 , 124 Stat. 3677 , 3855.

256. §1137 — Contracting for major acquisitions programs

257. §1151 — Restriction on construction of vessels in foreign shipyards

258. §1152 — Advance procurement funding

259. §1153 — Prohibition on overhaul, repair, and maintenance of Coast Guard vessels in foreign shipyards

260. §1154 — Procurement of buoy chain

261. §1155 — Contract termination

262. §1156 — Limitation on unmanned aircraft systems

263. §1157 — Extraordinary relief

264. §1158 — Authority to enter into transactions other than contracts and grants to procure cost-effective, advanced technology for mission-critical needs

265. §1171 — Definitions

266. §1901 — Administration of Academy

267. §1902 — Policy on sexual harassment and sexual violence

268. §1903 — Annual Board of Visitors

269. §1904 — Advisory Board on Women at the Coast Guard Academy

270. §1905 — Coast Guard Academy minority outreach team program

271. §1906 — Participation in Federal, State, or other educational research grants

272. §1921 — Corps of Cadets authorized strength

273. §1922 — Appointments

274. §1923 — Admission of foreign nationals for instruction; restrictions; conditions

275. §1924 — Conduct

276. §1925 — Agreement

277. §1926 — Cadet applicants; preappointment travel to Academy

278. §1927 — Cadets; initial clothing allowance

279. §1928 — Cadets; degree of bachelor of science

280. §1929 — Cadets; appointment as ensign

281. §1930 — Cadets: charges and fees for attendance; limitation

282. §1941 — Civilian teaching staff

283. §1942 — Permanent commissioned teaching staff; composition

284. §1942 — Section 15b of title 14 , U.S.C., 1946 ed., has been divided. Part of the provisions of the first sentence is placed in this section, while other provisions are placed in section 188 of this title .

285. §1942 — Section 15c of title 14 , U.S.C., 1946 ed., has been divided. The last sentence is incorporated in this section, while the other provisions are placed in section 189 of this title .

286. §1942 — Title 14, U.S.C., 1946 ed., § 15b provides for five professors as heads or assistant heads of departments at the Academy. The Academic Board of the Academy and the Advisory Committee, after extensive study have recommended the change, as provided in this section, to three professors and twelve others on the permanent teaching staff, with designations to conform generally with the designations and grades of faculty members at other universities. The librarian is given faculty status because of the role of the library as the center of the modern university; this is in conformity with the practice of other higher educational institutions. It is believed that the increased number of permanent commissioned instructors is justified and desirable in view of the expansion of the Cadet Corps as the full effect of the return to a four-year course is felt. It is probable that, in the next few years, the number of cadets will approximate 450. The average number in the past two years has been about 300. This new set-up for the permanent commissioned teaching staff will permit desirable exchanges of professors with leading universities, and occasional sabbatical leaves in order to better the faculty generally. It is pointed out that this increase in permanent instructors does not increase the authorized number of officers in the Coast Guard, as they are all included in the limitation provided in section 42 of this title . If a teaching position at the Academy is not provided for permanently it will require the assignment of an additional regular officer, so it is apparent that the changes proposed in this section do not increase the size of the Service, or the expense, but represent a long-range plan to better the Academy as a leading educational institution within the present, recognized, standards for a proper university faculty. The last sentence retains the command status of the professors as provided in existing law but enlarges the field in which they may perform duty, in order to make it possible to give them interim assignments other than at the Academy, thus broadening their knowledge of the Service while still advantageously utilizing their services. 81st Congress, House Report No. 557.

287. §1943 — Appointment of permanent commissioned teaching staff

288. §1944 — Grade of permanent commissioned teaching staff

289. §1945 — Retirement of permanent commissioned teaching staff

290. §1946 — Credit for service as member of civilian teaching staff

291. §1947 — Assignment of personnel as instructors

292. §1948 — Marine safety curriculum

293. §2101 — Original appointment of permanent commissioned officers

294. §2101 — Sec. 2. (a) During a time of war or national emergency, the Secretary of Homeland Security is directed to perform the authority vested in the President by section 2125 of title 14 , United States Code, to suspend the operation of any law relating to the selection, promotion, or involuntary separation of officers of the Coast Guard, and to temporarily promote officers serving on active duty and chief warrant officers serving on active duty, as authorized by section 2125 of title 14 , United States Code, without the approval, ratification, or other action by the President.

295. §2101 — Sec. 3. All actions heretofore taken by the President with respect to the matters affected by this order and in force at the time of issuance of this order, including any regulations prescribed or approved by the President with respect to such matters, shall, except as they may be inconsistent with the provisions of this order, remain in effect until amended, modified, or revoked pursuant to the authority conferred by this order.

296. §2101 — Sec. 4. As used in this order, the term “functions” embraces duties, powers, responsibilities, authority, or discretion, and the term “perform” may be construed to mean “exercise.”

297. §2101 — Sec. 5. Whenever the entire Coast Guard operates as a service in the Navy, the references to the Secretary of Homeland Security in sections 1 and 2 of this order shall be deemed to be references to the Secretary of Defense.

298. §2101 — Sec. 6. If any provision of this order or the application of such provision is held to be invalid, the remainder of this order and other dissimilar applications of such provision shall not be affected.

299. §2101 — Sec. 7. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

300. §2101 — Section 1. The Secretary of Homeland Security is directed to perform, without approval, ratification, or other action by the President, the following functions vested in the President:

301. §2102 — Active duty promotion list

302. §2103 — Number and distribution of commissioned officers on active duty promotion list

303. §2104 — Appointment of temporary officers

304. §2105 — Rank of warrant officers

305. §2106 — Selection boards; convening of boards

306. §2107 — Selection boards; composition of boards

307. §2108 — Selection boards; notice of convening; communication with board

308. §2109 — Selection boards; oath of members

309. §2110 — Number of officers to be selected for promotion

310. §2111 — Promotion zones

311. §2112 — Promotion year; defined

312. §2113 — Eligibility of officers for consideration for promotion

313. §2114 — United States Deputy Marshals in Alaska

314. §2115 — Selection boards; information to be furnished boards

315. §2116 — Officers to be recommended for promotion

316. §2117 — Selection boards; reports

317. §2118 — Selection boards; submission of reports

318. §2119 — Failure of selection for promotion

319. §2120 — Special selection boards; correction of errors

320. § 2120a. Special selection review boards

321. §2121 — Promotions; appointments

322. §2122 — Removal of officer from list of selectees for promotion

323. §2123 — Promotions; acceptance; oath of office

324. §2124 — Promotions; pay and allowances

325. §2125 — Wartime temporary service promotions

326. §2126 — Promotion of officers not included on active duty promotion list

327. §2127 — Recall to active duty during war or national emergency

328. §2128 — Recall to active duty with consent of officer

329. §2129 — Aviation cadets; appointment as Reserve officers

330. §2130 — Promotion to certain grades for officers with critical skills: captain, commander, lieutenant commander, lieutenant

331. §2131 — College student pre-commissioning initiative

332. §2141 — Revocation of commissions during first five years of commissioned service

333. §2142 — Regular lieutenants (junior grade); separation for failure of selection for promotion

334. §2143 — Regular lieutenants; separation for failure of selection for promotion; continuation

335. §2144 — Regular Coast Guard; officers serving under temporary appointments

336. §2145 — Regular lieutenant commanders and commanders; retirement for failure of selection for promotion

337. §2146 — Discharge in lieu of retirement; separation pay

338. §2147 — Regular warrant officers: separation pay

339. §2148 — Separation for failure of selection for promotion or continuation; time of

340. §2149 — Regular captains; retirement

341. §2150 — Captains; continuation on active duty; involuntary retirement

342. §2151 — Rear admirals and rear admirals (lower half); continuation on active duty; involuntary retirement

343. §2152 — Voluntary retirement after twenty years’ service

344. §2153 — Voluntary retirement after thirty years’ service

345. §2154 — Compulsory retirement

346. §2155 — Retirement for physical disability after selection for promotion; grade in which retired

347. §2156 — Deferment of retirement or separation for medical reasons

348. §2157 — Flag officers

349. §2158 — Review of records of officers

350. §2159 — Boards of inquiry

351. §2160 — Boards of review

352. §2161 — Composition of boards

353. §2162 — Rights and procedures

354. §2163 — Removal of officer from active duty; action by Secretary

355. §2164 — Officers considered for removal; retirement or discharge; separation benefits

356. §2165 — Relief of retired officer promoted while on active duty

357. §2166 — Continuation on active duty; Coast Guard officers with certain critical skills

358. §2181 — Physical fitness of officers

359. §2182 — Multirater assessment of certain personnel

360. §2301 — Recruiting campaigns

361. §2302 — Enlistments; term, grade

362. §2302 — Section 206 of title 14 , U.S.C., 1946 ed., has been divided. That part dealing with special temporary enlistments is incorporated in this section. That part dealing with temporary appointments of warrant officers is placed in section 302 of this title .

363. §2302 — Section 35 of title 14 , U.S.C., 1946 ed., has been divided. The provisions of the first sentence of subsection (a) are placed in this section. The proviso of subsection (a) is covered in section 367(b) of this title . Subsection (b) is placed in section 365 of this title . Subsections (c) and (d) are placed in section 367(a) of this title , except that part (3) of subsection (c) is covered by section 366 of this title .

364. §2303 — Promotion

365. §2304 — Compulsory retirement at age of sixty-two

366. §2304 — Section 173 of title 14 , U.S.C., 1946 ed., has been divided. That part dealing with enlisted men is placed in this section. That part dealing with commissioned officers is placed in section 230 of this title . That part dealing with warrant officers is placed in section 303 of this title .

367. §2305 — Voluntary retirement after thirty years’ service

368. §2306 — Voluntary retirement after twenty years’ service

369. §2307 — Retirement of enlisted members: increase in retired pay

370. §2308 — Recall to active duty during war or national emergency

371. §2309 — Recall to active duty with consent of member

372. §2310 — Relief of retired enlisted member promoted while on active duty

373. §2311 — Retirement in cases where higher grade or rating has been held

374. §2312 — Extension of enlistments

375. §2313 — Retention beyond term of enlistment in case of disability

376. §2314 — Detention beyond term of enlistment

377. §2314 — Section 35 of title 14 , U.S.C., 1946 ed., has been divided. The proviso of subsection (a) is covered by subsection (b) of this section. Subsections (c) and (d) are placed in subsection (a) of this section, except that part (3) of subsection (c) is covered in section 366 of this title . The first sentence of subsection (a) is placed in section 351 of this title . Subsection (b) is placed in section 365 of this title .

378. §2315 — Inclusion of certain conditions in enlistment contract

379. §2316 — Discharge within three months before expiration of enlistment

380. §2317 — Aviation cadets; procurement; transfer

381. §2318 — Aviation cadets; benefits

382. §2319 — Critical skill training bonus

383. §2501 — Grade on retirement

384. §2502 — Retirement

385. §2503 — Status of recalled personnel

386. §2504 — Computation of retired pay

387. §2505 — Limitations on retirement and retired pay

388. §2506 — Suspension of payment of retired pay of members who are absent from the United States to avoid prosecution

389. §2507 — Board for Correction of Military Records deadline

390. §2508 — Emergency leave retention authority

391. §2509 — Prohibition of certain involuntary administrative separations

392. §2510 — Sea service letters

393. §2511 — Investigations of flag officers and Senior Executive Service employees

394. §2512 — Leave policies for the Coast Guard

395. §2513 — Computation of length of service

396. §2514 — Career flexibility to enhance retention of members

397. §2514 — Section 474 of title 37 , referred to in subsec. (f)(4)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title VI, § 604(a) , Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat. 1767 .

398. §2515 — Calculation of active service

399. §2516 — Members asserting post-traumatic stress disorder or traumatic brain injury

400. §2521 — Advisory Board on Women in the Coast Guard

401. §2701 — Procurement of personnel

402. §2702 — Training

403. §2703 — Contingent expenses

404. §2704 — Equipment to prevent accidents

405. §2706 — Right to wear uniform

406. §2707 — Protection of uniform

407. §2708 — Clothing for officers and enlisted personnel

408. §2709 — Procurement and sale of stores to members and civilian employees

409. §2710 — Disposition of effects of decedents

410. §2711 — Deserters; payment of expenses incident to apprehension and delivery; penalties

411. §2712 — Payment for the apprehension of stragglers

412. §2713 — Employment assistance

413. §2731 — Delegation of powers to make awards; rules and regulations

414. §2732 — Medal of honor

415. §2733 — Medal of honor: duplicate medal

416. §2734 — Medal of honor: presentation of Medal of Honor Flag

417. §2735 — Coast Guard cross

418. §2736 — Distinguished service medal

419. §2736 — Section 1. There is hereby established a Homeland Security Distinguished Service Medal, with accompanying ribbons and appurtenances, for award by the Secretary of Homeland Security to any member of the Armed Forces of the United States who has provided exceptionally meritorious service in a duty of great responsibility while assigned in the Department of Homeland Security, or in other activities under the responsibility of the Secretary of Homeland Security, either national or international, as may be assigned by the Secretary.

420. §2737 — Silver star medal

421. §2738 — Distinguished flying cross

422. §2739 — Coast Guard medal

423. §2740 — Insignia for additional awards

424. §2741 — Time limit on award; report concerning deed

425. §2742 — Honorable subsequent service as condition to award

426. §2743 — Posthumous awards

427. §2744 — Life-saving medals

428. §2745 — Replacement of medals

429. §2746 — Award of other medals

430. §2747 — Awards and insignia for excellence in service or conduct

431. §2748 — Presentation of United States flag upon retirement

432. §2761 — Individuals discharged as result of court-martial; allowances to

433. §2762 — Shore patrol duty; payment of expenses

434. §2763 — Compensatory absence from duty for military personnel at isolated duty stations

435. §2764 — Monetary allowance for transportation of household effects

436. §2765 — Retroactive payment of pay and allowances delayed by administrative error or oversight

437. §2766 — Travel card management

438. §2767 — Reimbursement for medical-related travel expenses for certain individuals residing on islands in the continental United States

439. §2768 — Annual audit of pay and allowances of members undergoing permanent change of station

440. §2769 — Remission of indebtedness

441. §2770 — Special instruction at universities

442. §2771 — Attendance at professional meetings

443. §2772 — Education loan repayment program for members on active duty in specified military specialties

444. §2773 — Rations or commutation therefor in money

445. §2774 — Sales of ration supplies to messes

446. §2775 — Flight rations

447. §2776 — Payments at time of discharge for good of service

448. §2777 — Clothing for destitute shipwrecked individuals

449. §2778 — Advancement of public funds to personnel

450. §2779 — Transportation to and from certain places of employment

451. §2901 — Work-life policies and programs

452. §2902 — Surveys of Coast Guard families

453. §2903 — Reimbursement for adoption expenses

454. §2904 — Education and training opportunities for Coast Guard spouses

455. §2905 — Youth sponsorship initiatives

456. §2906 — Dependent school children

457. §2921 — Definitions

458. §2921 — Section 3 of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, referred to in par. (1), is section 3 of Pub. L. 93–247 , which is set out as a note under section 5101 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

459. §2922 — Child development services

460. §2922 — Section 8239 of the Elijah E. Cummings Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2020, referred to in subsec. (b)(4), is section 8239 of title LVXXXII [LXXXII] of div. G of Pub. L. 116–283 , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4665 , which is set out as a note below.

461. §2923 — Child development center standards and inspections

462. §2924 — Child development center employees

463. §2925 — Parent partnerships with child development centers

464. §2926 — Family child care providers

465. §2927 — Child care subsidy program

466. §2941 — Definitions

467. §2942 — General authority

468. §2943 — Leasing and hiring of quarters; rental of in­adequate housing

469. §2943 — Section 1. The Secretary of Homeland Security is designated and empowered to prescribe (or, under a delegation of the Secretary’s authority, the Commandant of the Coast Guard is authorized to prescribe) regulations pursuant to section 475(c) [now 2943(c)] of title 14 of the United States Code, relating to the designation and leasing of rental housing, without the approval, ratification, or other action by the President.

470. §2944 — Retired service members and dependents serving on advisory committees

471. §2945 — Conveyance of real property

472. §2946 — Coast Guard Housing Fund

473. §2947 — Reports

474. §3701 — Organization

475. §3702 — Authorized strength

476. §3703 — Coast Guard Reserve Boards

477. §3704 — Grades and ratings; military authority

478. §3705 — Benefits

479. §3705 — Chapter 27 of this title applies to a member of the Reserve under the same conditions and limitations as it applies to a member of the Regular Coast Guard.

480. §3706 — Temporary members of the Reserve; eligibility and compensation

481. §3707 — Temporary members of the Reserve; disability or death benefits

482. §3708 — Temporary members of the Reserve; certificate of honorable service

483. §3709 — Reserve student aviation pilots; Reserve aviation pilots; appointments in commissioned grade

484. §3710 — Reserve student pre-commissioning assistance program

485. §3711 — Appointment or wartime promotion; retention of grade upon release from active duty

486. §3712 — Exclusiveness of service

487. §3713 — Active duty for emergency augmentation of regular forces

488. §3714 — Enlistment of members engaged in schooling

489. §3731 — Definitions

490. §3732 — Applicability of this subchapter

491. §3733 — Suspension of this subchapter in time of war or national emergency

492. §3734 — Effect of this subchapter on retirement and retired pay

493. §3735 — Authorized number of officers

494. §3736 — Precedence

495. §3737 — Running mates

496. §3738 — Constructive credit upon initial appointment

497. § 3738a. Direct commissioning authority for individuals with critical skills

498. §3739 — Promotion of Reserve officers on active duty

499. §3740 — Promotion; recommendations of selection boards

500. §3741 — Selection boards; appointment

501. §3742 — Establishment of promotion zones under running mate system

502. §3743 — Eligibility for promotion

503. §3744 — Recommendation for promotion of an officer previously removed from an active status

504. §3745 — Qualifications for promotion

505. §3746 — Promotion; acceptance; oath of office

506. §3747 — Date of rank upon promotion; entitlement to pay

507. §3748 — Type of promotion; temporary

508. §3749 — Effect of removal by the President or failure of consent of the Senate

509. §3750 — Failure of selection for promotion

510. §3751 — Failure of selection and removal from an active status

511. §3752 — Retention boards; removal from an active status to provide a flow of promotion

512. §3753 — Maximum ages for retention in an active status

513. §3754 — Rear admiral and rear admiral (lower half); maximum service in grade

514. §3755 — Appointment of a former Navy or Coast Guard officer

515. §3756 — Grade on entry upon active duty

516. §3757 — Recall of a retired officer; grade upon release

517. §3901 — Administration of the Coast Guard Auxiliary

518. §3902 — Purpose of the Coast Guard Auxiliary

519. §3903 — Eligibility; enrollments

520. §3904 — Members of the Auxiliary; status

521. §3904 — Section 651 of Public Law 104–208 , referred to in subsec. (b)(9), is section 101(f) [title VI, § 651] of Pub. L. 104–208 , which is set out as a note under section 8133 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

522. §3905 — Disenrollment

523. §3906 — Membership in other organizations

524. §3907 — Use of member’s facilities

525. §3908 — Vessel deemed public vessel

526. §3909 — Aircraft deemed public aircraft

527. §3910 — Radio station deemed government station

528. §3911 — Availability of appropriations

529. §3911 — Section 6621 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to section 6621 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

530. §3912 — Assignment and performance of duties

531. §3913 — Injury or death in line of duty

532. §4101 — Flags; pennants; uniforms and insignia

533. §4102 — Penalty

534. §4103 — Limitation on rights of members of the Auxiliary and temporary members of the Reserve

535. §4104 — Availability of facilities and appropriations

536. §4901 — Requirement for prior authorization of appropriations

537. §4902 — Authorizations of appropriations

538. §4903 — Authorization of personnel end strengths

539. §4904 — Authorized levels of military strength and training

540. §5101 — Transmission of annual Coast Guard authorization request

541. §5102 — Capital investment plan

542. §5103 — Major acquisitions

543. §5103 — Section 1102(c), referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was, prior to amendment of this section by Pub. L. 115–282 , a reference to section 562(c) of this title , which was redesignated as section 562(b) by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title VIII, § 899(b)(1)(B) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2333 . Section 562 of this title was renumbered section 1102 of this title by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 108(b)(2) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4208 .

544. §5104 — Manpower requirements plan

545. §5105 — Inventory of real property

546. §5106 — Annual performance report

547. §5107 — Major acquisition program risk assessment

548. §5108 — Unfunded priorities list

549. §5109 — Report on gender diversity in the Coast Guard

550. §5110 — Mission need statement

551. §5111 — Report on diversity at Coast Guard Academy

552. §5111 — Section 8272 of the Elijah E. Cummings Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2020, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 8272 of Pub. L. 116–283 , div. G, title LVXXXII [LXXXII], Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4681 , which is set out as a note under section 1901 of this title .

553. §5112 — Sexual assault and sexual harassment in the Coast Guard

554. §5113 — Officers not on active duty promotion list

555. §5114 — Expenses of performing and executing defense readiness missions

556. §5115 — Major grants, contracts, or other transactions

Title 15

1. §1 — Trusts, etc., in restraint of trade illegal; penalty Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is declared to be illegal. Every person who shall make any contract or engage in any combination or conspiracy hereby declared to be illegal shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $100,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $1,000,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding 10 years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court. (July 2, 1890, ch. 647, §1, 26 Stat. 209 ; Aug. 17, 1937, ch. 690, title VIII, 50 Stat. 693 ; July 7, 1955, ch. 281, 69 Stat. 282 ; Pub. L. 93–528, §3, Dec. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 1708 ; Pub. L. 94–145, §2, Dec. 12, 1975, 89 Stat. 801 ; Pub. L. 101–588, §4(a), Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2880 ; Pub. L. 108–237, title II, §215(a), June 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 668 .)

2. §2 — Monopolizing trade a felony; penalty Every person who shall monopolize, or attempt to monopolize, or combine or conspire with any other person or persons, to monopolize any part of the trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $100,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $1,000,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding 10 years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court. (July 2, 1890, ch. 647, §2, 26 Stat. 209 ; July 7, 1955, ch. 281, 69 Stat. 282 ; Pub. L. 93–528, §3, Dec. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 1708 ; Pub. L. 101–588, §4(b), Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2880 ; Pub. L. 108–237, title II, §215(b), June 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 668 .)

3. §3 — Trusts in Territories or District of Columbia illegal; combination a felony

4. §4 — Jurisdiction of courts; duty of United States attorneys; procedure The several district courts of the United States are invested with jurisdiction to prevent and restrain violations of sections 1 to 7 of this title; and it shall be the duty of the several United States attorneys, in their respective districts, under the direction of the Attorney General, to institute proceedings in equity to prevent and restrain such violations. Such proceedings may be by way of petition setting forth the case and praying that such violation shall be enjoined or otherwise prohibited. When the parties complained of shall have been duly notified of such petition the court shall proceed, as soon as may be, to the hearing and determination of the case; and pending such petition and before final decree, the court may at any time make such temporary restraining order or prohibition as shall be deemed just in the premises. (July 2, 1890, ch. 647, §4, 26 Stat. 209 ; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, §291, 36 Stat. 1167 ; June 25, 1948, ch. 646, §1, 62 Stat. 909 .)

5. §5 — Bringing in additional parties

6. §6 — Forfeiture of property in transit

7. § 6a. Conduct involving trade or commerce with foreign nations

8. §7 — “Person” or “persons” defined

9. § 7a. Definitions

10. §8 — Section 77, formerly § 78, of act Aug. 27, 1894 , as added by Pub. L. 94–435, title III, § 305(d) , Sept. 30, 1976 , 90 Stat. 1397 ; renumbered § 77 and amended Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title IV, § 14102(c)(1)(B) , Nov. 2, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1921 , provided that: “Sections 73, 74, 75, and 76 of this Act [enacting sections 8 to 11 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Wilson Tariff Act’.”

11. §8 — Trusts in restraint of import trade illegal; penalty

12. §9 — Jurisdiction of courts; duty of United States attorneys; procedure

13. §10 — Bringing in additional parties

14. §11 — Forfeiture of property in transit

15. §12 — Definitions; short title

16. §13 — Discrimination in price, services, or facilities

17. § 13a. Discrimination in rebates, discounts, or advertising service charges; underselling in particular localities; penalties

18. § 13b. Cooperative association; return of net earnings or surplus

19. § 13c. Exemption of non-profit institutions from price discrimination provisions

20. §14 — Sale, etc., on agreement not to use goods of competitor

21. §15 — Suits by persons injured

22. § 15a. Suits by United States; amount of recovery; prejudgment interest

23. § 15b. Limitation of actions

24. § 15c. Actions by State attorneys general

25. § 15d. Measurement of damages

26. § 15e. Distribution of damages

27. § 15f. Actions by Attorney General

28. § 15g. Definitions

29. § 15h. Applicability of parens patriae actions

30. §16 — Judgments

31. §17 — Antitrust laws not applicable to labor organizations

32. §18 — Acquisition by one corporation of stock of another

33. §18 — Section 304 of Reorg. Plan No. 7 of 1961, eff. Aug. 12, 1961 , 26 F.R. 7315, 75 Stat. 840 , set out in the Appendix to Title 5, abolished Federal Maritime Board, including offices of members of Board. Functions of Board transferred either to Federal Maritime Commission, by section 103 of Reorg. Plan No. 7 of 1961, which was repealed by Pub. L. 109–304, § 19 , Oct. 6, 2006 , 120 Stat. 1710 and formerly set out in the Appendix to Title 5, or to Secretary of Commerce, by section 202 of Reorg. Plan No. 7 of 1961, set out in the Appendix to Title 5.

34. §18 — Section 79j of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 109–58, title XII, § 1263 , Aug. 8, 2005 , 119 Stat. 974 .

35. § 18a. Premerger notification and waiting period

36. § 18b. Mergers involving foreign government subsidies

37. §19 — Interlocking directorates and officers

38. §21 — Enforcement provisions

39. §21 — Section 2 of Pub. L. 86–107 provided that: “The amendments made by section 1 [amending this section] shall have no application to any proceeding initiated before the date of enactment of this Act [ July 23, 1959 ] under the third or fourth paragraph of section 11 of the Act entitled ‘An Act to supplement existing laws against unlawful restraints and monopolies, and for other purposes’, approved October 15, 1914 ( 38 Stat. 734 , as amended; 15 U.S.C. 21 ) [this section]. Each such proceeding shall be governed by the provisions of such section as they existed on the day preceding the date of enactment of this Act.”

40. § 21a. Actions and proceedings pending prior to June 19, 1936 ; additional and continuing violations

41. §22 — District in which to sue corporation

42. §23 — Suits by United States; subpoenas for witnesses

43. §24 — Liability of directors and agents of corporation

44. §25 — Restraining violations; procedure

45. §26 — Injunctive relief for private parties; exception; costs

46. § 26a. Restrictions on the purchase of gasohol and synthetic motor fuel

47. § 26b. Application of antitrust laws to professional major league baseball

48. §27 — Effect of partial invalidity

49. § 27a. Transferred

50. §29 — Appeals

51. §34 — Definitions applicable to sections 34 to 36

52. §35 — Recovery of damages, etc., for antitrust violations from any local government, or official or employee thereof acting in an official capacity

53. §36 — Recovery of damages, etc., for antitrust violations on claim against person based on official action directed by local government, or official or employee thereof acting in an official capacity

54. §37 — Immunity from antitrust laws

55. § 37a. Definitions

56. § 37b. Confirmation of antitrust status of graduate medical resident matching programs

57. §38 — Association of marine insurance companies; application of antitrust laws

58. §41 — Federal Trade Commission established; membership; vacancies; seal A commission is created and established, to be known as the Federal Trade Commission (hereinafter referred to as the Commission), which shall be composed of five Commissioners, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Not more than three of the Commissioners shall be members of the same political party. The first Commissioners appointed shall continue in office for terms of three, four, five, six, and seven years, respectively, from September 26, 1914, the term of each to be designated by the President, but their successors shall be appointed for terms of seven years, except that any person chosen to fill a vacancy shall be appointed only for the unexpired term of the Commissioner whom he shall succeed: Provided, however, That upon the expiration of his term of office a Commissioner shall continue to serve until his successor shall have been appointed and shall have qualified..1 The President shall choose a chairman from the Commission's membership. No Commissioner shall engage in any other business, vocation, or employment. Any Commissioner may be removed by the President for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office. A vacancy in the Commission shall not impair the right of the remaining Commissioners to exercise all the powers of the Commission. The Commission shall have an official seal, which shall be judicially noticed. (Sept. 26, 1914, ch. 311, §1, 38 Stat. 717 ; Mar. 21, 1938, ch. 49, §1, 52 Stat. 111 ; 1950 Reorg. Plan No. 8, §3, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3175, 64 Stat. 1265.)

59. §42 — Employees; expenses

60. §43 — Office and place of meeting

61. §44 — Definitions

62. §45 — Unfair methods of competition unlawful; prevention by Commission

63. § 45a. Labels on products

64. § 45b. Consumer review protection

65. § 45c. Unfair and deceptive acts and practices relating to circumvention of ticket access control measures

66. § 45d. Unfair or deceptive acts or practices with respect to substance use disorder treatment service and products

67. § 45e. Office for the prevention of fraud targeting seniors

68. § 45f. Collection, verification, and disclosure of information by online marketplaces to inform consumers

69. §46 — Additional powers of Commission

70. §46 — Section 4605(j) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (j)(7), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . For provisions similar to those of former section 4605(j) of title 50 , see section 4813(c) of title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

71. §46 — section 57a(f)(3) of this title

72. §46 — section 57a(f)(4) of this title

73. § 46a. Concurrent resolution essential to authorize investigations

74. §47 — Reference of suits under antitrust statutes to Commission

75. §48 — Information and assistance from departments

76. §49 — Documentary evidence; depositions; witnesses

77. §50 — Offenses and penalties

78. §51 — Effect on other statutory provisions

79. §52 — Dissemination of false advertisements

80. §53 — False advertisements; injunctions and restraining orders

81. §54 — False advertisements; penalties

82. §55 — Additional definitions

83. §56 — Commencement, defense, intervention and supervision of litigation and appeal by Commission or Attorney General

84. §57 — Separability clause

85. § 57a. Unfair or deceptive acts or practices rulemaking proceedings

86. § 57b. Civil actions for violations of rules and cease and desist orders respecting unfair or deceptive acts or practices

87. § 57c. Authorization of appropriations

88. §58 — Short title

89. §61 — Export trade; definitions

90. §62 — Export trade and antitrust legislation

91. §63 — Acquisition of stock of export trade corporation

92. §64 — Unfair methods of competition in export trade

93. §65 — Information required from export trade corporation; powers of Federal Trade Commission

94. §66 — Short title

95. §68 — Definitions

96. § 68a. Misbranding declared unlawful

97. § 68b. Misbranded wool products

98. Section 68b of this title , the second time it appears in subsec. (c), was in the original “subsection (4)” and was translated as reading “section 4” as the probable intent of Congress.

99. § 68c. Stamp, tag, label, or other identification

100. § 68d. Enforcement of subchapter

101. § 68e. Condemnation and injunction proceedings

102. § 68f. Exclusion of misbranded wool products

103. § 68g. Guaranty

104. § 68h. Criminal penalty

105. § 68i. Application of other laws

106. § 68j. Exceptions from subchapter

107. §69 — Definitions

108. § 69a. Violations of Federal Trade Commission Act

109. § 69b. Misbranded fur products

110. § 69c. False advertising and invoicing

111. § 69d. Fur products imported into United States

112. § 69e. Name guide for fur products

113. § 69f. Enforcement of subchapter

114. § 69g. Condemnation and injunction proceedings

115. § 69h. Guaranty

116. § 69i. Criminal penalty

117. § 69j. Application of other laws

118. §70 — Definitions

119. § 70a. Violations of Federal Trade Commission Act

120. § 70b. Misbranded and falsely advertised textile fiber products

121. § 70c. Removal of stamp, tag, label, or other identification

122. § 70d. Records

123. § 70e. Enforcement

124. § 70f. Injunction proceedings

125. § 70g. Exclusion of misbranded textile fiber products

126. § 70h. Guaranty

127. § 70i. Criminal penalty

128. § 70j. Exemptions

129. § 70k. Application of other laws

130. §71 — “Person” defined

131. §73 — Agreements involving restrictions in favor of imported goods

132. §74 — Rules and regulations

133. §75 — Retaliation against country prohibiting importations

134. §76 — Retaliation against restriction of importations in time of war

135. §77 — Discrimination against neutral Americans in time of war Whenever, during the existence of a war in which the United States is not engaged, the President shall be satisfied that there is reasonable ground to believe that any vessel, American or foreign, is, on account of the laws, regulations, or practices of a belligerent Government, making or giving any undue or unreasonable preference or advantage in any respect whatsoever to any particular person, company, firm, or corporation, or any particular description of traffic in the United States or its possessions or to any citizens of the United States residing in neutral countries abroad, or is subjecting any particular person, company, firm, or corporation or any particular description of traffic in the United States or its possessions, or any citizens of the United States residing in neutral countries abroad to any undue or unreasonable prejudice, disadvantage, injury, or discrimination in regard to accepting, receiving, transporting, or delivering, or refusing to accept, receive, transfer, or deliver any cargo, freight, or passengers, or in any other respect whatsoever, he is authorized and empowered to direct the detention of such vessels by withholding clearance or by formal notice forbidding departure, and to revoke, modify, or renew any such direction. Whenever, during the existence of a war in which the United States is not engaged, the President shall be satisfied that there is reasonable ground to believe that under the laws, regulations, or practices of any belligerent country or Government, American ships or American citizens are not accorded any of the facilities of commerce which the vessels or citizens of that belligerent country enjoy in the United States or its possessions, or are not accorded by such belligerent equal privileges or facilities of trade with vessels or citizens of any nationality other than that of such belligerent, the President is authorized and empowered to withhold clearance from one or more vessels of such belligerent country until such belligerent shall restore to such American vessels and American citizens reciprocal liberty of commerce and equal facilities of trade; or the President may direct that similar privileges and facilities, if any, enjoyed by vessels or citizens of such belligerent in the United States or its possessions be refused to vessels or citizens of such belligerent; and in such case he shall make proclamation of his direction, stating the facilities and privileges which shall be refused, and the belligerent to whose vessels or citizens they are to be refused, and thereafter the furnishing of such prohibited privileges and facilities to any vessel or citizen of the belligerent named in such proclamation shall be unlawful; and he may change, modify, revoke, or renew such proclamation; and any person or persons who shall furnish or attempt or conspire to furnish or be concerned in furnishing or in the concealment of furnishing facilities or privileges to ships or persons contrary to the prohibition in such proclamation shall be liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 nor more than $50,000 or to imprisonment not to exceed two years, or both, in the discretion of the court. In case any vessel which is detained by virtue of this subchapter shall depart or attempt to depart from the jurisdiction of the United States without clearance or other lawful authority, the owner or master or person or persons having charge or command of such vessel shall be severally liable to a fine of not less than $2,000 nor more than $10,000, or to imprisonment not to exceed two years, or both, and in addition such vessel shall be forfeited to the United States. The President of the United States is authorized and empowered to employ such part of the land or naval forces of the United States as shall be necessary to carry out the purposes of this subchapter. (Sept. 8, 1916, ch. 463, title VIII, §806, 39 Stat. 799 .) Executive Documents Delegation of Functions For delegation to Secretary of Homeland Security of authority vested in President by this section, see section 1(j), (k) of Ex. Ord. No. 10637, Sept. 16, 1955, 20 F.R. 7025, set out as a note under section 301 of Title 3, The President.

136. § 77a. Short title

137. § 77aa. Schedule of information required in registration statement

138. § 77aaa. Short title

139. § 77aaaa. Contrary stipulations void

140. § 77b. Definitions; promotion of efficiency, competition, and capital formation

141. § 77bb. “Corporation of Foreign Security Holders”; creation; principal office; branch offices

142. § 77bbb. Necessity for regulation

143. Section 78jj of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was omitted from the Code.

144. § 77bbbb. Separability

145. § 77c. Classes of securities under this subchapter

146. Section 103 of title 26 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2), which related to interest on certain governmental obligations was amended generally by Pub. L. 99–514, title XIII, § 1301(a) , Oct. 22, 1986 , 100 Stat. 2602 , and as so amended relates to interest on State and local bonds. Section 103(b)(2) (formerly section 103(c)(2)), which prior to the general amendment defined industrial development bond, relates to the applicability of the interest exclusion to arbitrage bonds.

147. Section 214 of act Feb. 4, 1887 (the Interstate Commerce Act), as added Aug. 9, 1935, ch. 498 , 49 Stat. 557 , cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by Pub. L. 97–449, § 7(b) , Jan. 12, 1983 , 96 Stat. 2443 , 2444.

148. Section 926 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(G)(ii), is section 926 of Pub. L. 111–203 , which is set out as a note under section 77d of this title .

149. § 77cc. Directors of Corporation; appointment, term of office, and removal

150. § 77ccc. Definitions

151. § 77d. Exempted transactions

152. Section 201 of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 201 of Pub. L. 112–106 , which amended this section and enacted provisions set out as a note under this section.

153. Section 78 o (a)(1) of this title, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was in the original “ section 15(a)(1) of this title ” and was translated as meaning section 15(a)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

154. Section 78c(a)(39) of this title , referrred to in subsec. (c)(2)(C), was in the original “ section 3(a)(39) of this title ” and was translated as meaning section 3(a)(39) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

155. § 77dd. Powers and duties of Corporation, generally

156. § 77ddd. Exempted securities and transactions

157. § 77e. Prohibitions relating to interstate commerce and the mails

158. § 77ee. Directors of Corporation, powers and duties generally

159. § 77eee. Securities required to be registered under Securities Act

160. § 77f. Registration of securities

161. § 77ff. Accounts and annual balance sheet of Corporation; audits

162. § 77fff. Securities not registered under Securities Act

163. § 77g. Information required in registration statement

164. Section 78c(a)(77) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), was redesignated section 78c(a)(79) of this title by Pub. L. 112–106, title I, § 101(b)(1) , Apr. 5, 2012 , 126 Stat. 307 .

165. § 77gg. Annual report by Corporation; printing and distribution

166. § 77ggg. Qualification of indentures covering securities not required to be registered

167. § 77h. Taking effect of registration statements and amendments thereto

168. § 77hh. Assessments by Corporation on holders of foreign securities

169. § 77hhh. Integration of procedure with Securities Act and other Acts

170. § 77i. Court review of orders

171. § 77ii. Subscriptions accepted by Corporation as loans; repayment

172. § 77iii. Effective time of qualification

173. § 77j. Information required in prospectus

174. § 77jj. Loans to Corporation from Reconstruction Finance Corporation authorized

175. Section 6(a) of Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1957, eff. June 30, 1957 , 22 F.R. 4633, 71 Stat. 647 , set out as a note under section 601 of this title , abolished the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.

176. § 77jjj. Eligibility and disqualification of trustee

177. § 77k. Civil liabilities on account of false registration statement

178. § 77kk. Representations by Corporation as acting for Department of State or United States forbidden; interference with foreign negotiations forbidden

179. § 77kkk. Preferential collection of claims against obligor

180. Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, as amended, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, Banks and Banking, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 .

181. § 77l. Civil liabilities arising in connection with prospectuses and communications

182. § 77ll. Effective date of subchapter

183. § 77lll. Bondholders’ lists

184. § 77m. Limitation of actions

185. § 77mm. Short title

186. § 77mmm. Reports by indenture trustee

187. § 77n. Contrary stipulations void

188. § 77nnn. Reports by obligor; evidence of compliance with indenture provisions

189. § 77o. Liability of controlling persons

190. § 77ooo. Duties and responsibility of the trustee

191. § 77p. Additional remedies; limitation on remedies

192. Section 77d(2) of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(3), was redesignated section 77d(a)(2) of this title by Pub. L. 112–106, title II, § 201(b)(1) , (c)(1), Apr. 5, 2012 , 126 Stat. 314 .

193. § 77ppp. Directions and waivers by bondholders; prohibition of impairment of holder’s right to payment; record date

194. § 77q. Fraudulent interstate transactions

195. Section 78c(a)(78) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “section 3(a)(78) of the Securities Exchange Act”, and was translated as meaning section 3(a)(78) of act June 6, 1934, ch. 404 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

196. § 77qqq. Special powers of trustee; duties of paying agents

197. § 77r. Exemption from State regulation of securities offerings

198. Section 77d(1), (2), (3), (4), and (6) of this title, referred to in subsecs. (b)(4)(A) to (C), (E) and (c)(1)(B), were redesignated section 77d(a)(1), (2), (3), (4), and (6), respectively, of this title by Pub. L. 112–106, title II, § 201(b)(1) , (c)(1), Apr. 5, 2012 , 126 Stat. 314 .

199. § 77rrr. Effect of prescribed indenture provisions

200. § 77s. Special powers of Commission

201. § 77sss. Rules, regulations, and orders

202. § 77t. Injunctions and prosecution of offenses

203. § 77ttt. Hearings by Commission

204. § 77u. Hearings by Commission

205. § 77uuu. Special powers of the Commission

206. § 77v. Jurisdiction of offenses and suits

207. § 77vvv. Judicial review

208. § 77w. Unlawful representations

209. § 77www. Liability for misleading statements

210. § 77x. Penalties

211. § 77xxx. Unlawful representations

212. § 77y. Jurisdiction of other Government agencies over securities

213. § 77yyy. Penalties

214. § 77z. Separability

215. § 77zzz. Effect on existing law

216. § 78a. Short title

217. § 78aa. Jurisdiction of offenses and suits

218. § 78aaa. Short title

219. § 78b. Necessity for regulation

220. Section 1. Establishment . (a) There is hereby established a Working Group on Financial Markets (Working Group). The Working Group shall be composed of:

221. § 78bb. Effect on existing law

222. § 78bbb. Application of Securities Exchange Act of 1934

223. § 78c. Definitions and application

224. § 78cc. Validity of contracts

225. § 78ccc. Securities Investor Protection Corporation

226. § 78d. Securities and Exchange Commission

227. § 78dd. Foreign securities exchanges

228. § 78ddd. SIPC Fund

229. § 78e. Transactions on unregistered exchanges

230. § 78ee. Transaction fees

231. § 78eee. Protection of customers

232. § 78f. National securities exchanges

233. § 78ff. Penalties

234. § 78fff. General provisions of a liquidation proceeding

235. § 78g. Margin requirements

236. § 78gg. Separability

237. § 78ggg. SEC functions

238. § 78h. Restrictions on borrowing and lending by members, brokers, and dealers

239. § 78hh. Effective date

240. § 78hhh. Examining authority functions

241. § 78i. Manipulation of security prices

242. § 78iii. Functions of self-regulatory organizations

243. § 78j. Manipulative and deceptive devices

244. § 78jjj. Prohibited acts

245. § 78k. Trading by members of exchanges, brokers, and dealers

246. § 78kk. Authorization of appropriations

247. § 78kkk. Miscellaneous provisions

248. § 78l. Registration requirements for securities

249. Section 4(6) of the Securities Act of 1933, referred to in subsec. (g)(6), was redesignated section 4(a)(6) of that Act by Pub. L. 112–106, title II, § 201(b)(1) , (c)(1), Apr. 5, 2012 , 126 Stat. 314 , and is classified to section 77d(a)(6) of this title .

250. § 78ll. Requirements for the EDGAR system

251. § 78lll. Definitions

252. § 78m. Periodical and other reports

253. § 78mm. General exemptive authority

254. § 78n. Proxies

255. § 78nn. Tennessee Valley Authority

256. § 78o. Registration and regulation of brokers and dealers

257. § 78oo. Federal National Mortgage Association, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal Home Loan Banks

258. § 78p. Directors, officers, and principal stockholders

259. Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply with respect to the Committee and its activities.

260. § 78pp. Investor Advisory Committee

261. § 78q. Records and reports

262. Section 3401(6) of title 12 , referred to in subsec. (h)(4)(A), was redesignated section 3401(7) of title 12 by Pub. L. 101–73, title IX, § 941(1) , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 496 .

263. § 78qq. Small Business Capital Formation Advisory Committee

264. § 78r. Liability for misleading statements

265. § 78rr. Data standards for security-based swap reporting

266. § 78s. Registration, responsibilities, and oversight of self-regulatory organizations

267. § 78t. Liability of controlling persons and persons who aid and abet violations

268. § 78u. Investigations and actions

269. Section 19(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, referred to in subsec. (h)(2), was redesignated section 19(c) by Pub. L. 107–204, title I, § 108(a)(1) , July 30, 2002 , 116 Stat. 768 , and is classified to section 77s(c) of this title .

270. Section 21(h) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, referred to in the paragraph within quotation marks following subsec. (h)(4)(C), is classified to subsection (h) of this section.

271. § 78v. Hearings by Commission

272. § 78w. Rules, regulations, and orders; annual reports

273. Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , substituted “Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System” for “Federal Reserve Board”.

274. § 78x. Public availability of information

275. Section 203(a) of act Aug. 23, 1935 , substituted “Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System” for “Federal Reserve Board”.

276. § 78y. Court review of orders and rules

277. § 78z. Unlawful representations

278. § 80c. Liaison between Securities and Exchange Commission and Small Business Administration

279. §141 — Short title

280. §142 — Definitions

281. §143 — Registrar; designation; station; supervision by Secretary of Commerce

282. §144 — China trade corporations

283. § 144a. Incorporation fee for perpetual existence

284. §145 — Certificate of incorporation

285. §146 — General powers of corporation

286. § 146a. Jurisdiction of suits by or against China Trade Act corporation

287. §147 — Stock; issuance at par value

288. §148 — Payment of stock in real or personal property

289. §149 — Bylaws

290. §150 — Stockholders’ meetings

291. §151 — Directors

292. §152 — Reports; records for public inspection

293. §153 — Dividends

294. §154 — Investigations by registrar; revocation of certificate of incorporation

295. §155 — Authority of registrar in obtaining evidence

296. §156 — Dissolution of corporation; trustees

297. §157 — Regulations and fees; disposition of fees and penalties

298. §158 — False or fraudulent statements prohibited; penalties

299. §159 — Unauthorized use of legend; penalty

300. §160 — Maintenance of agent for service

301. §161 — Alteration, amendment, or repeal

302. §162 — Creation of China corporations restricted

303. §172 — Transfer of duties of Department of Labor; special investigations

304. §175 — Additional duties of Bureau

305. §176 — Collection of commercial statistics

306. § 176a. Confidential nature of information furnished Bureau

307. §178 — Collection of statistics of foreign and interstate commerce and transportation

308. §182 — Statistics of manufactures

309. §183 — Report of statistics

310. §188 — Publication of commercial information

311. §190 — Discussions in commercial reports of partisan questions

312. §191 — Terms of measure, weight, and money in commercial reports

313. §196 — Payments for rent of offices in foreign countries

314. §196 — Section 3324(a) and (b) of title 31 shall not apply to advance payments for rent of offices in foreign countries by the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce.

315. §201 — Sets of standard weights and measures for agricultural colleges

316. §202 — Repairs to standards

317. §203 — Replacing lost standard weights and measures; cost

318. §204 — Metric system authorized

319. §205 — Metric system defined

320. § 205a. Congressional statement of findings

321. Section 1. Coordination by the Department of Commerce . (a) The Secretary of Commerce (“Secretary”) is designated to direct and coordinate efforts by Federal departments and agencies to implement Government metric usage in accordance with section 3 of the Metric Conversion Act ( 15 U.S.C. 205b ), as amended by section 5164(b) of the Trade and Competitiveness Act.

322. § 205b. Declaration of policy

323. § 205c. Definitions

324. § 205d. United States Metric Board

325. § 205e. Functions and powers of Board

326. § 205f. Duties of Board

327. § 205g. Gifts, donations and bequests to Board

328. § 205h. Compensation of Board members; travel expenses

329. § 205i. Personnel

330. § 205j. Financial and administrative services; source and reimbursement

331. § 205k. Authorization of appropriations; availability

332. § 205l. Implementation in acquisition of construction services and materials for Federal facilities

333. §206 — Standard gauge for sheet and plate iron and steel

334. §207 — Preparation of standards by Secretary of Commerce

335. §208 — Variations

336. §231 — Standard barrel for apples; steel barrels

337. §232 — Barrels below standard; marking

338. §233 — Penalty for violations

339. §234 — Standard barrel for fruits or other dry commodity

340. §235 — Sale or shipment of barrel of less capacity than standard; punishment

341. §236 — Variations from standard permitted; prosecutions; law not applicable to certain barrels

342. §237 — Standard barrels for lime

343. §238 — Penalty for selling in barrels not marked

344. §239 — Sale in containers of less capacity than barrel

345. §240 — Rules and regulations

346. §241 — Penalty for selling lime in unmarked barrels and containers

347. §242 — Duty of United States attorney to enforce law

348. §260 — Congressional declaration of policy; adoption and observance of uniform standard of time; authority of Secretary of Transportation

349. § 260a. Advancement of time or changeover dates

350. Section 1. The Secretary of Transportation (hereinafter “the Secretary”) is hereby designated and empowered to exercise the authority vested in me by section 3(b) of the Act [formerly set out above] to grant an exemption from section 3(a) of the Act (which establishes daylight saving time as standard time), or a realignment of a time zone limit, pursuant to a proclamation of a Governor of a State finding that the exemption or realignment is necessary to avoid undue hardship or to conserve fuel in the State or a part thereof.

351. §261 — Section 5 of act Mar. 19, 1918 , repealed all conflicting acts and parts of acts.

352. §261 — Zones for standard time; interstate or foreign commerce

353. §262 — Duty to observe standard time of zones

354. §263 — Designation of zone standard times

355. §264 — Part of Idaho in fourth zone

356. §265 — Section 2 of act Mar. 4, 1921 , repealed all conflicting laws and parts of laws.

357. §265 — Transfer of certain territory to standard central-time zone

358. §266 — Applicability of administrative procedure provisions

359. §267 — “State” defined

360. §271 — Findings and purposes

361. §271 — Section 5115(c) of Pub. L. 100–418 provided that: “References in any other Federal law to the National Bureau of Standards shall be deemed to refer to the National Institute of Standards and Technology.”

362. §272 — Establishment, functions, and activities

363. §272 — Section 202 of the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(24), is section 202 of Pub. L. 114–329 , title II, Jan. 6, 2017 , 130 Stat. 2997 . Subsec. (a) of that section, which defines “scientific and technical workshop”, is not classified to the Code.

364. §272 — Section 278g–3 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(13), was amended, and no longer defines the term “computer systems”.

365. § 272a. Technology services

366. § 272b. Annual budget submission

367. §273 — Functions; for whom exercised

368. § 273a. Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology

369. §274 — Director; powers and duties; report; compensation

370. §275 — Hiring critical technical experts

371. § 275a. Service charges

372. § 275b. Charges for activities performed for other agencies

373. § 275c. Cost recovery authority

374. §276 — Ownership of facilities

375. §277 — Regulations

376. §278 — Visiting Committee on Advanced Technology

377. § 278b. Working Capital Fund

378. § 278c. Acquisition of land for field sites

379. § 278d. Construction and improvement of buildings and facilities

380. § 278e. Functions and activities

381. § 278f. Fire Research Center

382. Section 2220(b)(1) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 106–503, title I, § 110(a)(1)(D) , Nov. 13, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2302 .

383. § 278g. International activities

384. § 278h. Research program on security of computer systems

385. Section 278g–3 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(2) and (f)(1), was amended generally by Pub. L. 107–296, title X, § 1003 , Nov. 25, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2269 , and, as so amended, did not contain a subsec. (d) defining “computer system” or a subsec. (f). A later amendment by Pub. L. 113–274, title II, § 204(1) , Dec. 18, 2014 , 128 Stat. 2980 , redesignated subsec. (e) of section 278g–3 of this title , relating to definitions, as subsec. (f).

386. § 278i. Reports to Congress

387. § 278j. Studies by National Research Council

388. § 278k. Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

389. § 278l. Assistance to State technology programs

390. § 278o. User fees

391. § 278p. Notice to Congress

392. § 278q. Appropriations; availability

393. § 278r. Collaborative manufacturing research pilot grants

394. Chapter 18 of title 35 shall apply to any funding agreement (as defined in section 201 of that title) awarded to new or existing Manufacturing USA institutes with respect to which financial assistance is awarded under subsection (e).

395. § 278s. Manufacturing USA

396. § 278t. Advanced communications research activities

397. § 278u. Xylazine detection and analysis

398. §279 — Absence of Director

399. § 281a. Structural failures

400. § 282a. Assessment of emerging technologies requiring research in metrology

401. §290 — Congressional declaration of policy

402. § 290a. Definitions

403. § 290b. Collection, compilation, critical evaluation, publication and dissemination of standard reference data

404. § 290c. Standards, criteria, and procedures for preparation and publication of standard reference data; publication in Federal Register

405. § 290d. Sale of standard reference data; cost recovery; proceeds subject to National Institute of Standards and Technology

406. § 290e. United States copyright and renewal rights

407. § 290f. Authorization of appropriations

408. §291 — Stamping with words “United States assay”, etc., unlawful

409. §292 — Forfeiture

410. §293 — Penalty for infraction

411. §294 — Importation or transportation of falsely marked gold or silver ware prohibited

412. §295 — Standard of fineness of gold articles; deviation

413. §296 — Standard of fineness of silver articles; deviation

414. §297 — Stamping plated articles

415. §298 — Violations of law

416. §299 — Definitions

417. §300 — Application of State laws

418. §312 — Employees

419. §313 — Duties of Secretary of Commerce

420. § 313a. Establishment of meteorological observation stations in the Arctic region

421. Section 2 of act Feb. 12, 1946 , authorized appropriation of necessary funds to carry out provisions of this section.

422. § 313b. Institute for Aviation Weather Prediction

423. § 313c. Authorized activities of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

424. § 313d. NIDIS program

425. §315 — Changes or assignment to duty

426. §317 — Appropriations and estimates

427. §318 — Weather signals on mail cars

428. §322 — Odd jobs for part-time employees

429. §325 — Authority for certain functions and activities

430. §326 — Maintenance of printing office in Washington, D.C.

431. §327 — Employees for conduct of meteorological investigations in Arctic region; appointment and compensation; extra compensation to other Government employees for taking observations

432. §328 — Transfer from other Government Departments of surplus equipment and supplies for Arctic stations

433. §330 — Definitions

434. § 330a. Report requirement; form; information; time of submission

435. § 330b. Duties of Secretary

436. § 330c. Authority of Secretary

437. § 330d. Violation; penalty

438. § 330e. Authorization of appropriations

439. §375 — Definitions As used in this chapter, the following definitions apply:

440. §376 — Reports to State tobacco tax administrator

441. § 376a. Delivery sales

442. §377 — Penalties

443. §378 — Enforcement

444. §381 — Imposition of net income tax

445. §381 — Title II of Pub. L. 86–272 , as amended by Pub. L. 87–17 , Apr. 7, 1961 , 75 Stat. 41 ; Pub. L. 87–435 , Apr. 21, 1962 , 76 Stat. 55 ; Pub. L. 88–42 , June 21, 1963 , 77 Stat. 67 ; Pub. L. 88–286 , Mar. 18, 1964 , 78 Stat. 166 , and repealed by Pub. L. 94–455, title XXI, § 2121(a) , Oct. 4, 1976 , 90 Stat. 1914 , provided for a study by the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the United States Senate, acting separately or jointly, or any duly authorized subcommittee thereof, of all matters pertaining to the taxation of interstate commerce by the States, territories, and possessions of the United States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or any political or taxing subdivision of the foregoing, and for a report together with their proposals for legislation on or before June 30, 1965 .

446. §382 — Assessment of net income taxes

447. §383 — “Net income tax” defined

448. §384 — Separability

449. §391 — Tax on or with respect to generation or transmission of electricity

450. §431 — Definitions

451. §432 — Boards of trade dealing in agricultural products; exclusion of representatives of cooperative associations prohibited

452. §433 — Remedies of cooperative association excluded from representation

453. §501 — Creation of body corporate; directors; principal office; agencies

454. §502 — Board of directors of Textile Foundation

455. §503 — Purpose of Foundation

456. §504 — Powers of Foundation

457. §505 — Report to Congress

458. §506 — Amendment and repeal of chapter

459. §521 — Fishing industry; associations authorized; “aquatic products” defined; marketing agencies; requirements

460. §522 — Monopolies or restraints of trade; service of complaint by Secretary of Commerce; hearing; order to cease and desist; jurisdiction of district court

461. Section 616a, acts Mar. 26, 1934, ch. 90 , 48 Stat. 500 ; June 29, 1936, ch. 858 , title II, § 204, 49 Stat. 1987 , which related to the shipment of exports financed by the Government in United States vessels, was transferred to section 1241–1 of Title 46 , Appendix, Shipping, and was subsequently repealed and restated as section 55304 of Title 46 , Shipping, by Pub. L. 109–304 , §§ 8(c), 19, Oct. 6, 2006 , 120 Stat. 1586 , 1710.

462. § 616a. Transferred

463. §631 — Declaration of policy

464. § 631a. Congressional declaration of small business economic policy

465. § 631b. Reports to Congress; state of small business

466. Section 632(p) of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(3), was redesignated section 657a(b) of this title by Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(a)(2) , Dec. 12, 2017 , 131 Stat. 1795 .

467. § 631c. Small Business Manufacturing Task Force

468. §632 — Definitions

469. §633 — Section 636( l ) of this title, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B), was amended generally to read “[RESERVED].” by Pub. L. 104–208, div. D, title I, § 107(d) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–732 . Subsequently, Pub. L. 111–240, title I, § 1131(a) , Sept. 27, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2512 , struck out that subsec. ( l ) and added a new subsec. ( l ).

470. §633 — Section 662 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (f)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–193, title III, § 362(b)(1) , Aug. 22, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2246 .

471. §633 — Small Business Administration

472. § 633a. Detailed justification for proposed changes in budget requests

473. §634 — General powers

474. §634 — Section 3324(a) and (b) of title 31 shall not apply to prepayments of rentals made by the Administration on safety deposit boxes used by the Administration for the safeguarding of instruments held as security for loans or for the safeguarding of other documents.

475. § 634a. Office of Advocacy within Small Business Administration; Chief Counsel for Advocacy

476. § 634b. Primary functions of Office of Advocacy

477. § 634c. Additional duties of Office of Advocacy

478. § 634d. Staff and powers of Office of Advocacy

479. § 634e. Assistance of Government agencies

480. § 634f. Reports

481. § 634g. Budgetary line item and authorization of appropriations

482. §635 — Deposit of moneys; depositaries, custodians, and fiscal agents; contributions to employees’ compensation funds

483. §636 — Additional powers

484. § 636b. Disaster loan interest rates

485. Section 4452 of title 42 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 93–24, § 7 , Apr. 20, 1973 , 87 Stat. 25 .

486. Section 636a of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 97–35, title XIX, § 1917 , Aug. 13, 1981 , 95 Stat. 781 .

487. § 636c. Age of applicant for disaster loans

488. Section 233 of Public Law 91–606 , referred to in text, amended section 1820(a)(2), (f) [now 3720(a)(2), (f)] of Title 38, Veterans’ Benefits.

489. Section 4452 of title 42 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 93–24, § 7 , Apr. 20, 1973 , 87 Stat. 25 .

490. Section 636a of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 97–35, title XIX, § 1917 , Aug. 13, 1981 , 95 Stat. 781 .

491. § 636d. Disaster aid to major sources of employment

492. Section 4418 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 93–288, title VI, § 603 , May 22, 1974 , 88 Stat. 164 . Provisions similar to former section 4418 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, are contained in section 5155 of Title 42 .

493. § 636e. Definitions

494. Section 636(b) of this title , as amended by this Act, referred to in par. (3), is section 636(b) of this title , as amended by Pub. L. 110–246 .

495. § 636f. Coordination of efforts between the Administrator and the Internal Revenue Service to expedite loan processing

496. § 636g. Development and implementation of major disaster response plan

497. Section 657 o of this title, as added by this Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 657 o of this title, as added by Pub. L. 110–246 .

498. § 636h. Disaster planning responsibilities

499. § 636i. Small business bonding threshold

500. § 636k. Reports on disaster assistance

501. Section 636(b) of this title , as amended by this Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 636(b) of this title , as amended by Pub. L. 110–246 .

502. § 636l. Semiannual report

503. § 636m. Loan forgiveness

504. Section 1102 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(12), means section 1102 of div. A of Pub. L. 116–136 .

505. Section 2301 of the CARES Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(12), is section 2301 of Pub. L. 116–136 , which is set out as a note under section 3111 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

506. Section 303 of the Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Relief Act of 2020, referred to in subsec. (a)(12), is section 303 of div. EE of Pub. L. 116–260 , Dec. 27, 2020 , 134 Stat. 3075 . Subsec. (d)(3)(C) of section 303 of the Act amended provisions set out as notes under section 3111 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code. Subsecs. (a) to (c) and the rest of subsec. (d) of section 303 of the Act are not classified to the Code.

507. §637 — Additional powers

508. § 637b. Availability of information

509. § 637c. Definitions

510. § 637d. Subcontracting plan reports

511. §638 — Research and development

512. § 638a. GAO study with respect to venture capital operating company, hedge fund, and private equity firm involvement

513. § 638b. Reducing vulnerability of SBIR and STTR programs to fraud, waste, and abuse

514. §639 — Reporting requirements and agency cooperation

515. §639 — Section 1. The Small Business Administration, as the spokesman for and advocate of the small business community, shall advise and counsel small business concerns in their dealings with the departments and agencies of the United States Government to the end that the views of small business concerns will be fully heard, their rights fully protected, and their valid interests fully advanced.

516. § 639a. Review of loan program; submission of estimated needs for additional authorization

517. § 639b. Oversight

518. §640 — Section 1. The functions conferred upon the President by section 217 of the Small Business Act of 1953 [covered by this section] are hereby delegated to the Administrator of the Small Business Administration and shall be carried out as provided in the said section 217.

519. §640 — Voluntary agreements among small-business concerns

520. §641 — Transfer to Administration of other functions, powers, and duties

521. §642 — Requirements for loans

522. §643 — Fair charge for use of Government-owned property

523. §644 — Awards or contracts

524. § 644a. Small Business Procurement Advisory Council

525. §645 — Offenses and penalties

526. § 645a. Annual report on suspensions and debarments proposed by Small Business Administration

527. §646 — Liens

528. §646 — Section 217 of act July 30, 1953, ch. 282, title II , 67 Stat. 239 , was previously classified to this section. See section 640 of this title , and Codification note set out under section 631 of this title .

529. §647 — Duplication of activities of other Federal departments or agencies

530. §648 — Section 1841(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1), (c)(2)(G), and ( o )(4), is section 1841(a) of Pub. L. 114–328 , div. A, title XVIII, Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2662 , which is not classified to the Code.

531. §648 — Section 20(a), referred to in subsec. (a)(4)(C)(i)(I), (v), means section 2[20(a)] of Pub. L. 85–536 , which is set out as a note under section 631 of this title .

532. §648 — Section 312(a) of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(R), probably means section 212(a) of Pub. L. 104–121 , which is set out in a note under section 601 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees, because Pub. L. 104–121 does not contain a section 312.

533. §648 — Small business development center program authorization

534. § 648b. Grants for SBDCs

535. § 648c. SBA and USPTO partnerships

536. §649 — Office of International Trade

537. §649 — Section 1207 of the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010, referred to in subsec. ( l )(8)(B)(i), is section 1207 of Pub. L. 111–240 , which is set out as a note under section 649b of this title .

538. § 649b. Grants, contracts and cooperative agreements for international marketing programs

539. § 649c. Authorization of appropriations

540. § 649d. Central information clearinghouse

541. §650 — Supervisory and enforcement authority for small business lending companies

542. §651 — National small business tree planting program

543. §652 — Central European Enterprise Development Commission

544. §653 — Office of Rural Affairs

545. §654 — Paul D. Coverdell drug-free workplace program

546. §655 — Pilot Technology Access Program

547. §655 — Section 648a of this title , referred to in subsecs. (e) to (g), was repealed by Pub. L. 102–140, title VI, § 609(e) , Oct. 28, 1991 , 105 Stat. 826 , effective Oct. 1, 1992 .

548. §656 — Women’s Business Center program

549. §657 — Oversight of regulatory enforcement

550. §657 — Section 212 of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, referred to in subsecs. (e)(1) and (f), is section 212 of title II of Pub. L. 104–121 , which is set out in a note under section 601 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

551. § 657a. HUBZone program

552. Section 636(m)(11) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), no longer defines the term “economically distressed areas”. See 1994 Amendment note for subsec. (m)(11)(D) under section 636 of this title .

553. Section 1. Establishment . The Administrator of the Small Business Administration (Administrator) shall establish within the Small Business Administration an Interagency Task Force on Veterans Small Business Development (Task Force).

554. Section 738(e) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013, referred to in subsec. (h)(4)(B)(ii), is section 738(e) of Pub. L. 112–239 , which is set out in a note under section 1071 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

555. § 657b. Veterans programs

556. § 657d. Federal and State Technology Partnership Program

557. § 657e. Mentoring Networks

558. § 657f. Procurement program for small business concerns owned and controlled by service-disabled veterans

559. § 657g. Participation in federally funded projects

560. § 657h. Small business energy efficiency

561. § 657i. Coordination of disaster assistance programs with FEMA

562. § 657j. Information tracking and follow-up system for disaster assistance

563. § 657k. Disaster processing redundancy

564. § 657l. Comprehensive disaster response plan

565. § 657m. Plans to secure sufficient office space

566. § 657n. Immediate Disaster Assistance program

567. § 657o. Annual reports on disaster assistance

568. § 657p. Outreach regarding health insurance options available to children

569. § 657q. Consolidation of contract requirements

570. § 657r. Mentor-protege programs

571. § 657s. Limitations on subcontracting

572. § 657t. Office of Credit Risk Management

573. § 657u. Lender Oversight Committee

574. §661 — Congressional declaration of policy

575. §662 — Definitions

576. §662 — Section 661a of title 2 , referred to in par. (18)(E), was in the original “section 502 of the Credit Reform Act of 1990”, which was translated as reading “section 502 of the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

577. §671 — Establishment; Associate Administrator; appointment and compensation

578. §681 — Organization

579. §682 — Capital requirements

580. §682 — Section 1845(a)(1) of title 12 , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 89–485, § 9 , July 1, 1966 , 80 Stat. 240 . See section 371c of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

581. §683 — Borrowing operations

582. §684 — Equity capital for small-business concerns

583. §685 — Long-term loans to small-business concerns

584. §686 — Aggregate limitations on amount of assistance to any single enterprise

585. §687 — Operation and regulation of companies

586. §687 — Section 104 of Pub. L. 96–104 , cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by section 212 of Pub. L. 96–161 , effective at the close of Dec. 27, 1979 . The amendment of this section by that repealed provision, described in the 1979 Amendment note set out under this section, shall continue in effect for limited purposes pursuant to section 212 of Pub. L. 96–161 . See Saving Provisions note, describing the provisions of section 212 of Pub. L. 96–161 , set out under section 85 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

587. §687 — Section 204 of Pub. L. 93–501 , cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by Pub. L. 96–104, § 1 , Nov. 5, 1979 , 93 Stat. 789 . The amendment of this section by that repealed provision, described in the 1974 Amendment note, shall continue in effect for limited purposes pursuant to section 1 of Pub. L. 96–104 . See Savings Provisions note, describing the provisions of section 1 of Pub. L. 96–104 , set out under section 85 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

588. §687 — Section 204 of Pub. L. 96–161 , cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by section 529 of Pub. L. 96–221 effective at the close of Mar. 31, 1980 . The amendment of this section by that repealed provision, described in the 1979 Amendment note set out under this section, shall continue to apply to any loan made, any deposit made, or any obligation issued in any State during any period when the amendment was in effect in such State.

589. § 687a. Revocation and suspension of licenses; cease and desist orders

590. § 687b. Investigations and examinations; power to subpena and take oaths and affirmations; aid of courts; examiners; reports

591. § 687c. Injunctions and other orders

592. § 687d. Conflicts of interest

593. § 687e. Removal or suspension of management officials

594. § 687f. Unlawful acts and omissions by officers, directors, employees, or agents

595. § 687g. Penalties and forfeitures

596. § 687h. Jurisdiction and service of process

597. § 687k. Guaranteed obligations not eligible for purchase by Federal Financing Bank

598. § 687l. Issuance and guarantee of trust certificates

599. § 687m. Periodic issuance of guarantees and trust certificates

600. §689 — Definitions

601. §689 — Section 632(p) of this title , referred to in par. (3)(B)(i), was redesignated section 657a(b) of this title by Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(a)(2) , Dec. 12, 2017 , 131 Stat. 1795 .

602. § 689a. Purposes

603. § 689b. Establishment

604. § 689c. Selection of New Markets Venture Capital companies

605. § 689d. Debentures

606. § 689e. Issuance and guarantee of trust certificates

607. § 689f. Fees

608. § 689g. Operational assistance grants

609. § 689h. Bank participation

610. § 689i. Federal Financing Bank

611. Section 687k of this title shall not apply to any debenture issued by a New Markets Venture Capital company under this part.

612. § 689j. Reporting requirement

613. § 689k. Examinations

614. § 689l. Injunctions and other orders

615. § 689m. Additional penalties for noncompliance

616. § 689n. Unlawful acts and omissions; breach of fiduciary duty

617. § 689o. Removal or suspension of directors or officers

618. § 689p. Regulations

619. § 689q. Authorization of appropriations

620. §690 — Definitions

621. § 690a. Purposes

622. § 690b. Establishment

623. § 690c. Selection of Renewable Fuel Capital Investment companies

624. § 690d. Debentures

625. § 690e. Issuance and guarantee of trust certificates

626. § 690f. Fees

627. § 690g. Fee contribution

628. § 690h. Operational assistance grants

629. § 690i. Bank participation

630. § 690j. Federal Financing Bank

631. § 690k. Reporting requirement

632. § 690l. Examinations

633. § 690m. Miscellaneous

634. § 690n. Removal or suspension of directors or officers

635. § 690o. Regulations

636. § 690p. Authorizations of appropriations

637. § 690q. Termination

638. §692 — Authority of Administration to guarantee payment of rentals by small business concerns under leases of commercial and industrial property

639. §693 — Powers of Administration respecting loans; liquidation of obligations through creation of new leases, execution of subleases, and assignments of leases

640. § 694a. Definitions

641. Section 911(b) of Pub. L. 91–609 authorized the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to take such steps and carry out such activities as he determined to be necessary or desirable to provide, either directly or by contract or other arrangement, technical assistance to any contractor or subcontractor for whom a bid, payment, or performance bond is guaranteed under part B of title IV of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958 [this part] in connection with any construction contract, in order to assist such contractor or subcontractor in obtaining or carrying out such contract, and authorized to be appropriated for each of the first three fiscal years ending after the date of the enactment of this Act [ Dec. 31, 1970 ] such sums, not to exceed $1,500,000, as were necessary to enable the Secretary to carry out his functions under paragraph (1).

642. Section 632(p) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(B), was redesignated section 657a(b) of this title by Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(a)(2) , Dec. 12, 2017 , 131 Stat. 1795 .

643. § 694b. Surety bond guarantees

644. § 694c. Revolving fund for surety bond guarantees

645. §695 — State development companies

646. §696 — Loans for plant acquisition, construction, conversion and expansion

647. §697 — Development company debentures

648. § 697a. Private debenture sales

649. § 697b. Pooling of debentures

650. § 697c. Restrictions on development company assistance

651. § 697d. Accredited Lenders Program

652. § 697e. Premier Certified Lenders Program

653. Section 217(b) of Pub. L. 103–403 , as amended by Pub. L. 105–135, title II, § 223(c) , Dec. 2, 1997 , 111 Stat. 2606 , which provided that this section was to be repealed effective Oct. 1, 2000 , was repealed by Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(9) [title III, § 305] , Dec. 21, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2763 , 2763A–685.

654. § 697f. Prepayment of development company debentures

655. § 697g. Foreclosure and liquidation of loans

656. § 712a. Limitation of obligations for administrative expenses of certain agencies; limitation on life of certain agencies

657. § 713c. Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation; continuance of existence; purchase and distribution of surplus agricultural commodities

658. § 713d. Declaration of purpose

659. §714 — Creation and purpose of Corporation

660. §714 — Section 18 of act June 29, 1948 , provided that sections 714 to 714 o of this title shall take effect as of midnight June 30, 1948 .

661. § 714a. Location of offices

662. § 714b. General powers of Corporation

663. Section 1104 of Pub. L. 95–113 provided that the amendment made by that section is effective only with respect to the fiscal years beginning Oct. 1, 1977 , and ending Sept. 30, 1981 .

664. § 714c. Specific powers of Corporation

665. § 714d. Laws applicable to Corporation

666. Section 713(a) of this title , referred to in text, was omitted from the Code. See Codification note under former section 713 of this title .

667. § 714e. Capital stock; amount; interest

668. § 714f. Use of funds

669. § 714g. Board of Directors

670. § 714h. Officers and employees; appointment; duties

671. § 714i. Cooperation with other governmental agencies

672. § 714j. Utilization of associations and trade facilities

673. § 714k. Records; annual report

674. § 714l. Interest of Members of Congress

675. § 714m. Crimes and offenses

676. § 714n. Transfer of assets of Commodity Credit Corporation, a Delaware corporation

677. § 714o. Dissolution of Delaware corporation

678. § 714p. Release of innocent purchasers of converted goods

679. §715 — Purpose of chapter

680. § 715a. Definitions

681. § 715b. Interstate transportation of contraband oil forbidden

682. § 715c. Suspension of operation of section 715b of this title

683. § 715d. Enforcement of chapter

684. § 715e. Penalties for violation of chapter

685. § 715f. Forfeiture of contraband oil shipped in violation of law; procedure

686. § 715g. Refusal of carrier to accept shipment without certificate of clearance; certificate as justifying acceptance of shipment

687. § 715h. Hearings and investigation by boards; appointment of board and employees

688. § 715i. Restraining violations

689. Section 1. The Secretary of the Interior is hereby designated and appointed as the agent of the President for the execution of all the powers and functions vested in the President by the act of February 22, 1935 , 49 Stat. 30 , entitled “An Act to regulate interstate and foreign commerce in petroleum and its products by prohibiting the shipment in such commerce of petroleum and its products produced in violation of State law, and for other purposes,” as amended ( 15 U.S.C. 715 et seq .), except those vested in the President by section 4 of the act ( 15 U.S.C. 715c ).

690. § 715j. “President” as including agencies, officers and employees

691. § 715k. Saving clause

692. § 715m. Cooperation between Secretary of the Interior and Federal and State authorities

693. §717 — Regulation of natural gas companies

694. § 717a. Definitions

695. § 717b. Exportation or importation of natural gas; LNG terminals

696. Section 1. (a) The Secretary of Energy is hereby designated and empowered to perform the following-described functions:

697. § 717c. Rates and charges

698. § 717d. Fixing rates and charges; determination of cost of production or transportation

699. § 717e. Ascertainment of cost of property

700. § 717f. Construction, extension, or abandonment of facilities

701. § 717g. Accounts; records; memoranda

702. § 717h. Rates of depreciation

703. § 717i. Periodic and special reports

704. § 717j. State compacts for conservation, transportation, etc., of natural gas

705. § 717k. Officials dealing in securities

706. § 717l. Complaints

707. § 717m. Investigations by Commission

708. § 717n. Process coordination; hearings; rules of procedure

709. § 717o. Administrative powers of Commission; rules, regulations, and orders

710. § 717p. Joint boards

711. § 717q. Appointment of officers and employees

712. § 717r. Rehearing and review

713. § 717s. Enforcement of chapter

714. § 717t. General penalties

715. § 717u. Jurisdiction of offenses; enforcement of liabilities and duties

716. § 717v. Separability

717. § 717w. Short title

718. § 717x. Conserved natural gas

719. § 717y. Voluntary conversion of natural gas users to heavy fuel oil

720. § 717z. Emergency conversion of utilities and other facilities

721. §719 — Congressional findings The Congress finds and declares that-

722. § 719a. Congressional statement of purpose

723. § 719b. Definitions

724. § 719c. Federal Power Commission reviews and reports

725. § 719d. Federal and State officer or agency and other interested persons’ reports

726. Part I. Office of the Federal Inspector and Transfer of Functions

727. Part II. Other Provisions

728. § 719e. Presidential decision and report

729. § 719f. Congressional review

730. § 719g. Transportation system certificates, rights-of-way, permits, leases, or other authorizations

731. § 719h. Judicial review

732. § 719i. Supplemental enforcement authority

733. § 719j. Export limitations

734. § 719k. Equal access to facilities

735. § 719l. Antitrust laws

736. § 719m. Authorization of appropriations

737. § 719n. Separability

738. § 719o. Civil rights; affirmative action of Federal officers and agencies; rules: promulgation and enforcement

739. §720 — Definitions

740. § 720a. Issuance of certificate of public convenience and necessity

741. § 720b. Environmental reviews

742. § 720c. Pipeline expansion

743. § 720d. Federal Coordinator

744. § 720e. Judicial review

745. § 720f. State jurisdiction over in-State delivery of natural gas

746. § 720g. Study of alternative means of construction

747. § 720h. Clarification of ANGTA status and authorities

748. § 720i. Sense of Congress concerning use of steel manufactured in North America and negotiation of a project labor agreement

749. § 720j. Sense of Congress concerning participation by small business concerns

750. § 720k. Alaska pipeline construction training program

751. § 720l. Sense of Congress concerning natural gas demand

752. § 720m. Sense of Congress concerning Alaskan ownership

753. § 720n. Loan guarantees

754. §761 — Congressional declaration of purpose

755. §761 — Section 1. Executive Order No. 11930 of July 30, 1976 , which established the Federal Energy Office, is, consistent with the Federal Energy Administration Act Amendments of 1976 (Title I of Public Law 94–385 ) [for classification, see Short Title of 1976 Amendment note set out above], hereby revoked as of the date of its issuance.

756. §761 — Section 1. Pursuant to the authority vested in me by section 30 of the Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974 [set out above], notice is hereby given that that act shall be effective as of June 27, 1974 .

757. §761 — Section 30 of Pub. L. 93–275 , as amended by Pub. L. 94–332 , June 30, 1976 , 90 Stat. 784 ; Pub. L. 94–385, title I, § 112(a) , Aug. 14, 1976 , 90 Stat. 1132 ; Pub. L. 95–70, § 6 , July 21, 1977 , 91 Stat. 277 , under which this chapter became effective sixty days after May 7, 1974 , and was to terminate Sept. 30, 1978 , was repealed by Pub. L. 95–91, title VII, § 709(a)(1) , Aug. 4, 1977 , 91 Stat. 607 .

758. §762 — Establishment

759. §764 — Specific functions and purposes

760. §765 — Transfer of functions

761. §766 — Administrative provisions

762. §767 — Transitional and savings provisions

763. §769 — Definitions

764. §770 — Appointments

765. §771 — Comptroller General, powers and duties

766. §772 — Administrator’s information-gathering power

767. §773 — Public disclosure of information

768. §774 — Reports and recommendations

769. §775 — Sex discrimination; enforcement; other legal remedies

770. §777 — Economic analysis of proposed actions

771. §778 — Management oversight review; report to Administrator

772. §779 — Coordination with, and technical assistance to, State governments

773. §780 — Office of Private Grievances and Redress

774. §781 — Comprehensive energy plan

775. §782 — Petrochemical report to Congress

776. §783 — Hydroelectric generating facilities; lists, transmittal to Congress; construction schedule and cost estimates for expedited construction program; prospective accomplishments from expedited completion of facilities; statement of appropriated but not obligated funds

777. §784 — Exports of coal and refined petroleum products

778. §785 — Foreign ownership; comprehensive review; sources of information; report to Congress; monitoring activity

779. §787 — Project Independence Evaluation System documentation; access to model by Congress and public

780. §788 — Use of commercial standards

781. §790 — Establishment of Office of Energy Information and Analysis

782. § 790a. National Energy Information System; information required to be maintained

783. § 790b. Administrative provisions

784. § 790c. Analysis and evaluation of energy information; establishment and maintenance by Director of professional, etc., capability; specific capabilities

785. § 790e. Coordination by Director of energy information gathering activities of Federal agencies

786. Section 5818 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 95–91, title VII, § 709(b) , Aug. 4, 1977 , 91 Stat. 608 .

787. § 790f. Reports by Director

788. § 790g. Access by Director to energy information

789. § 790h. Congressional access to energy information; disclosure by Congress

790. §791 — Congressional declaration of purpose

791. §792 — Coal conversion and allocation

792. §792 — Section 1857c–10 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B), (3)(B), was in the original a reference to section 119 of the Clean Air Act, and was repealed by Pub. L. 95–95, § 112(b) , which provided in part that references in this section to section 1857c–10 shall be construed to refer to section 7413(d) of title 42 and to paragraph (5) thereof in particular. Subsequently, section 7413 of title 42 was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–549, title VII, § 701 , Nov. 15, 1990 , 104 Stat. 2672 , and, as so amended, subsec. (d) no longer relates to final compliance orders. See section 7413(a) of title 42 for provisions relating generally to compliance orders. For further details, see Compliance Orders note set out below.

793. §793 — Protection of public health and environment

794. §793 — Section 119 of the Clean Air Act [ 42 U.S.C. 1857c–10 ], referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 95–95, § 112(b)(1) , Aug. 7, 1977 , 91 Stat. 709 , which is set out as a Compliance Orders note under section 792 of this title . A new section 119 of the Clean Air Act was added by Pub. L. 95–95, § 117(b) , and is classified to section 7419 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

795. §794 — Energy conservation study

796. §795 — Report to Congress by January 31, 1975

797. §796 — Reporting of energy information

798. §797 — Enforcement

799. §798 — Definitions

800. §798 — Section 119 of the Clean Air Act [ 42 U.S.C. 1857c–10 ], referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 95–95, § 112(b)(1) , Aug. 7, 1977 , 91 Stat. 709 , which is set out as a Compliance Orders note under section 792 of this title . A new section 119 of the Clean Air Act was added by Pub. L. 95–95, § 117(b) , and is classified to section 7419 of Title 42 .

801. §798 — Section 752 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was omitted from the Code pursuant to section 760g of this title , which provided for the expiration of the President’s authority under that section on Sept. 30, 1981 .

802. §1001 — Prize-fight films as subjects of interstate or foreign commerce

803. §1002 — Golden Gate Bridge tolls; Government traffic and personnel in performance of office business not subject to tolls

804. §1003 — Authorization for free travel on Golden Gate Bridge; issuance, presentation, and acceptance; other authorization devices

805. §1004 — Penalties

806. §1005 — San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge tolls; Government traffic and personnel on official business exempted; Government personnel on Yerba Buena Island or Treasure Island exempted

807. §1005 — Section 4 of act July 1, 1946 , provided that sections 1005 to 1007 of this title shall be effective thirty days after July 1, 1946 .

808. §1006 — Authorization for free travel on San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge; issuance, presentation, and acceptance; other authorization devices

809. §1007 — Penalties

810. §1011 — Declaration of policy

811. §1012 — Regulation by State law; Federal law relating specifically to insurance; applicability of certain Federal laws after June 30, 1948

812. §1013 — Suspension until June 30, 1948 , of application of certain Federal laws; Sherman Act applicable to agreements to, or acts of, boycott, coercion, or intimidation

813. §1014 — Effect on other laws

814. §1015 — “State” defined

815. §1021 — Congressional declarations

816. §1022 — Economic Report of President; coverage; supplementary reports; reference to Congressional joint committee; percentage rate of unemployment; definitions

817. § 1022a. Medium-term economic goals and policies respecting full employment and balanced growth

818. Section 304 of the Full Employment and Balanced Growth Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (e), is Pub. L. 95–523, § 304 , Oct. 27, 1978 , 92 Stat. 1906 , which amended section 632 of Title 2 , The Congress.

819. § 1022b. Presentation of analysis respecting short-term and medium-term goals in Economic Report of President; mutually reinforcing means

820. § 1022c. Inclusion of priority policies and programs in President’s Budget

821. § 1022d. President’s Budget

822. § 1022e. Inflation

823. § 1022f. Advisory board or boards

824. §1023 — Council of Economic Advisers

825. §1023 — Section 1. Establishment . There is established the National Economic Council (“the Council”).

826. §1024 — Joint Economic Committee

827. §1024 — Section 284 of title 18 , referred to in subsec. (f), was repealed by Pub. L. 87–849, § 2 , Oct. 23, 1962 , 76 Stat. 1126 , and was supplanted by section 207 of title 18 .

828. §1025 — Printing of monthly publication by Joint Economic Committee entitled “Economic Indicators”; distribution

829. §1051 — Application for registration; verification

830. §1051 — Section 46(a) of act July 5, 1946 , provided that this chapter shall be in force and take effect one year from July 5, 1946 .

831. §1052 — Trademarks registrable on principal register; concurrent registration

832. §1053 — Service marks registrable

833. §1054 — Collective marks and certification marks registrable

834. §1055 — Use by related companies affecting validity and registration

835. §1056 — Disclaimer of unregistrable matter

836. §1057 — Certificates of registration

837. §1058 — Duration, affidavits and fees

838. §1059 — Renewal of registration

839. §1060 — Assignment

840. §1061 — Execution of acknowledgments and verifications

841. §1062 — Publication

842. §1063 — Opposition to registration

843. §1064 — Cancellation of registration

844. §1065 — Incontestability of right to use mark under certain conditions

845. §1066 — Interference; declaration by Director

846. § 1066a. Ex parte expungement

847. § 1066b. Ex parte reexamination

848. §1067 — Interference, opposition, and proceedings for concurrent use registration or for cancellation; notice; Trademark Trial and Appeal Board

849. §1068 — Action of Director in interference, opposition, and proceedings for concurrent use registration or for cancellation

850. §1069 — Application of equitable principles in inter partes proceedings

851. §1070 — Appeals to Trademark Trial and Appeal Board from decisions of examiners

852. §1071 — Appeal to courts

853. §1072 — Registration as constructive notice of claim of ownership

854. §1091 — Supplemental register

855. §1092 — Publication; not subject to opposition; cancellation

856. §1093 — Registration certificates for marks on principal and supplemental registers to be different

857. §1094 — Provisions of chapter applicable to registrations on supplemental register

858. §1095 — Registration on principal register not precluded

859. §1096 — Registration on supplemental register not used to stop importations

860. §1111 — Notice of registration; display with mark; recovery of profits and damages in infringement suit

861. §1112 — Classification of goods and services; registration in plurality of classes

862. §1113 — Fees

863. §1114 — Remedies; infringement; innocent infringement by printers and publishers

864. §1115 — Registration on principal register as evidence of exclusive right to use mark; defenses

865. §1116 — Injunctive relief

866. §1117 — Recovery for violation of rights

867. §1118 — Destruction of infringing articles

868. §1119 — Power of court over registration

869. §1120 — Civil liability for false or fraudulent registration

870. §1121 — Jurisdiction of Federal courts; State and local requirements that registered trademarks be altered or displayed differently; prohibition

871. § 1121a. Transferred

872. §1122 — Liability of United States and States, and instrumentalities and officials thereof

873. §1123 — Rules and regulations for conduct of proceedings in Patent and Trademark Office

874. §1124 — Importation of goods bearing infringing marks or names forbidden

875. §1125 — False designations of origin, false descriptions, and dilution forbidden

876. §1126 — International conventions

877. §1126 — Section 1(a) of the Act of March 19, 1920 , referred to in subsec. (a), is section 1(a) of act Mar. 19, 1920, ch. 104 , 41 Stat. 533 , which was classified to section 121(a) of this title , and repealed by act July 5, 1946, ch. 540, § 46(a) , 60 Stat. 444 , insofar as inconsistent with this chapter.

878. §1127 — Construction and definitions; intent of chapter In the construction of this chapter, unless the contrary is plainly apparent from the context- The United States includes and embraces all territory which is under its jurisdiction and control. The word "commerce" means all commerce which may lawfully be regulated by Congress. The term "principal register" refers to the register provided for by sections 1051 to 1072 of this title, and the term "supplemental register" refers to the register provided for by sections 1091 to 1096 of this title. The term "person" and any other word or term used to designate the applicant or other entitled to a benefit or privilege or rendered liable under the provisions of this chapter includes a juristic person as well as a natural person. The term "juristic person" includes a firm, corporation, union, association, or other organization capable of suing and being sued in a court of law. The term "person" also includes the United States, any agency or instrumentality thereof, or any individual, firm, or corporation acting for the United States and with the authorization and consent of the United States. The United States, any agency or instrumentality thereof, and any individual, firm, or corporation acting for the United States and with the authorization and consent of the United States, shall be subject to the provisions of this chapter in the same manner and to the same extent as any nongovernmental entity. The term "person" also includes any State, any instrumentality of a State, and any officer or employee of a State or instrumentality of a State acting in his or her official capacity. Any State, and any such instrumentality, officer, or employee, shall be subject to the provisions of this chapter in the same manner and to the same extent as any nongovernmental entity. The terms "applicant" and "registrant" embrace the legal representatives, predecessors, successors and assigns of such applicant or registrant. The term "Director" means the Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The term "related company" means any person whose use of a mark is controlled by the owner of the mark with respect to the nature and quality of the goods or services on or in connection with which the mark is used. The terms "trade name" and "commercial name" mean any name used by a person to identify his or her business or vocation. The term "trademark" includes any word, name, symbol, or device, or any combination thereof-

879. §1129 — Transferred

880. §1141 — Definitions

881. § 1141a. International applications based on United States applications or registrations

882. § 1141b. Certification of the international application

883. § 1141c. Restriction, abandonment, cancellation, or expiration of a basic application or basic registration

884. § 1141d. Request for extension of protection subsequent to international registration

885. § 1141e. Extension of protection of an international registration to the United States under the Madrid Protocol

886. § 1141f. Effect of filing a request for extension of protection of an international registration to the United States

887. § 1141g. Right of priority for request for extension of protection to the United States

888. § 1141h. Examination of and opposition to request for extension of protection; notification of refusal

889. § 1141i. Effect of extension of protection

890. § 1141j. Dependence of extension of protection to the United States on the underlying international registration

891. § 1141k. Duration, affidavits and fees

892. § 1141l. Assignment of an extension of protection

893. § 1141m. Incontestability

894. § 1141n. Rights of extension of protection

895. §1151 — Purpose of chapter

896. §1152 — Clearinghouse for technical information; removal of security classification

897. §1153 — Rules, regulations, and fees

898. §1154 — Reference of data to armed services and other Government agencies

899. §1155 — General standards and limitations; preservation of security classification

900. §1156 — Use of existing facilities

901. §1157 — Relation to other provisions

902. §1171 — Definitions

903. §1172 — Transportation of gambling devices as unlawful; exceptions; authority of Federal Trade Commission

904. §1173 — Registration of manufacturers and dealers

905. §1174 — Labeling and marking of shipping packages

906. §1175 — Specific jurisdictions within which manufacturing, repairing, selling, possessing, etc., prohibited; exceptions

907. §1176 — Penalties

908. §1177 — Confiscation of gambling devices and means of transportation; laws governing

909. §1178 — Nonapplicability of chapter to certain machines and devices

910. §1191 — Definitions

911. §1192 — Prohibited transactions

912. §1193 — Flammability standards or regulations

913. §1194 — Administration and enforcement

914. §1195 — Injunction and condemnation proceedings

915. §1196 — Penalties

916. §1197 — Guaranties

917. §1198 — Shipments from foreign countries; demand for redelivery; claim for liquidated damages

918. §1199 — Chapter as additional legislation

919. §1200 — Persons excluded from operation of chapter

920. §1201 — Study and investigation; research, development and training

921. §1202 — Exemptions

922. §1203 — Preemption of Federal standards

923. §1203 — Section 11 of the Act of December 14, 1967 ( Public Law 90–189 ), referred to in subsec. (d), is set out as a note under section 1191 of this title .

924. §1204 — Congressional veto of flammability regulations

925. §1211 — Prohibition against transportation of refrigerators without safety devices

926. §1212 — Violations; misdemeanor; penalties

927. §1213 — Publication of safety standards in Federal Register

928. §1214 — “Interstate commerce” defined

929. §1221 — Definitions

930. §1222 — Authorization of suits against manufacturers; amount of recovery; defenses

931. §1223 — Limitations

932. §1224 — Antitrust laws as affected

933. §1225 — State laws as affected

934. §1226 — Motor vehicle franchise contract dispute resolution process

935. §1226 — Section 30102(6) of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), probably should be “ section 30102(a)(6) of title 49 ”, which was redesignated section 30102(a)(7) of title 49 by section 24109(b)(2) of Pub. L. 114–94 , div. B, title XXIV, Dec. 4, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1706 .

936. §1231 — Definitions

937. §1232 — Label and entry requirements

938. §1233 — Violations and penalties

939. §1241 — Definitions

940. §1242 — Introduction, manufacture for introduction, transportation or distribution in interstate commerce; penalty

941. §1243 — Manufacture, sale, or possession within specific jurisdictions; penalty

942. §1244 — Exceptions

943. §1245 — Ballistic knives

944. §1261 — Definitions

945. §1261 — Section 1471(2)(D) of this title , referred to in subsec. (p), was redesignated section 1471(2)(C) by Pub. L. 94–284, § 3(a)(2) , May 11, 1976 , 90 Stat. 503 .

946. §1262 — Declaration of hazardous substances

947. §1263 — Prohibited acts

948. §1264 — Penalties; exceptions

949. §1265 — Seizures

950. §1266 — Hearing before report of criminal violation

951. §1267 — Injunctions; criminal contempt; trial by court or jury

952. §1268 — Proceedings in name of United States; subpenas

953. §1269 — Regulations

954. §1270 — Examinations and investigations

955. §1271 — Records of interstate shipment

956. §1272 — Publicity; reports; dissemination of information

957. §1273 — Imports

958. §1274 — Remedies respecting banned hazardous substances

959. §1275 — Section 5703 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (b)(5), was amended generally by Pub. L. 94–22, § 4 , May 19, 1975 , 89 Stat. 85 , and, as so amended, does not contain a subsec. (b).

960. §1275 — Toxicological Advisory Board

961. §1276 — Congressional veto of hazardous substances regulations

962. §1277 — Labeling of art materials

963. §1278 — Requirements for labeling certain toys and games

964. § 1278a. Children’s products containing lead; lead paint rule

965. §1291 — Exemption from antitrust laws of agreements covering the telecasting of sports contests and the combining of professional football leagues

966. §1292 — Area telecasting restriction limitation

967. §1292 — Section 1291 of this title shall not apply to any joint agreement described in the first sentence in such section which prohibits any person to whom such rights are sold or transferred from televising any games within any area, except within the home territory of a member club of the league on a day when such club is playing a game at home.

968. §1293 — Intercollegiate and interscholastic football contest limitations

969. §1294 — Antitrust laws unaffected as regards to other activities of professional sports contests

970. §1295 — “Persons” defined

971. §1311 — Definitions

972. §1312 — Civil investigative demands

973. §1312 — Section 30 of this title , referred to in subsec. (i)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title IV, § 14102(f) , Nov. 2, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1922 .

974. §1313 — Custodian of documents, answers and transcripts

975. §1313 — Section 1314(d) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 1314(e) of this title by Pub. L. 96–349 .

976. §1314 — Judicial proceedings

977. §1331 — Congressional declaration of policy and purpose It is the policy of the Congress, and the purpose of this chapter, to establish a comprehensive Federal Program to deal with cigarette labeling and advertising with respect to any relationship between smoking and health, whereby-

978. §1332 — Definitions

979. §1333 — Labeling

980. §1334 — Preemption

981. §1335 — Unlawful advertisements on medium of electronic communication

982. § 1335a. List of cigarette ingredients; annual submission to Secretary; transmittal to Congress; confidentiality

983. §1336 — Authority of Federal Trade Commission; unfair or deceptive acts or practices

984. §1338 — Criminal penalty

985. §1339 — Injunction proceedings

986. §1340 — Cigarettes for export

987. §1341 — Smoking, research, education and information

988. §1351 — Declaration of purpose

989. §1352 — Definitions

990. §1353 — Selection of designated agency

991. §1354 — Five-year plan; annual technical services program

992. §1355 — Conditions precedent to acceptance of plans and programs for review and approval by Secretary

993. §1356 — Review and approval of plans and programs by Secretary

994. §1357 — Interstate cooperation in administration and coordination of plans and programs

995. §1358 — Consent of Congress for interstate compacts; reservation of right to alter, amend, or repeal

996. §1359 — Advisory councils for technical services; appointment; functions; compensation and expenses

997. §1360 — Appropriations and payments

998. §1361 — Reference services to assist designated agencies to obtain information outside State

999. §1362 — Rules and regulations

1000. §1363 — Prohibition against control over educational institutions; functions or responsibilities of other departments not affected

1001. §1364 — Annual report by designated agencies to Secretary; reports by Secretary to President and Congress

1002. §1365 — Public committee; appointment; functions; report

1003. §1366 — Termination of payments for noncompliance with law or diversion of funds

1004. §1367 — Repayments

1005. §1368 — Records

1006. §1381 — Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, §7(b), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1379 Section, Pub. L. 89–563, §1, Sept. 9, 1966, 80 Stat. 718 , provided congressional declaration of purpose of this chapter. See section 30101 of Title 49, Transportation.

1007. §1451 — Congressional declaration of policy

1008. §1452 — Unfair and deceptive packaging and labeling; scope of prohibition

1009. §1453 — Requirements of labeling; placement, form, and contents of statement of quantity; supplemental statement of quantity

1010. §1453 — Section 107(b) of Pub. L. 102–245 , which provided that section 107 of Pub. L. 102–245 which amended this section and section 1454 of this title was to take effect 2 years after Feb. 14, 1992 , was repealed by Pub. L. 102–329, § 3 , Aug. 3, 1992 , 106 Stat. 848 .

1011. §1454 — Rules and regulations

1012. §1455 — Procedure for promulgation of regulations

1013. §1456 — Enforcement

1014. §1458 — Cooperation with State authorities; transmittal of regulations to States; noninterference with existing programs

1015. §1459 — Definitions

1016. §1460 — Savings provisions

1017. §1461 — Effect upon State law

1018. §1471 — Definitions

1019. §1472 — Special packaging standards

1020. § 1472a. Special packaging for liquid nicotine containers

1021. §1473 — Conventional packages, marketing

1022. §1474 — Regulations for special packaging standards

1023. §1476 — Preemption of Federal standards

1024. §1477 — Enforcement by State Attorneys General

1025. §1501 — Establishment of Department; Secretary; seal

1026. §1501 — Section 307 of Reorg. Plan No. 21 of 1950, eff. May 24, 1950 , 15 F.R. 3178, 64 Stat. 1273 , set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, provided that the functions transferred by the provisions of that Plan should not be subject to the provisions of Reorg. Plan No. 5 of 1950, set out above. Said Reorg. Plan No. 21 of 1950 created, within the Department of Commerce, the Federal Maritime Board, and the Maritime Administration, the latter, with a Maritime Administrator at its head. It abolished the United States Maritime Commission, transferring some of its functions and some of the functions of its Chairman to said Federal Maritime Board. It transferred the remainder of the functions of that Commission and its Chairman to the Secretary of Commerce, with power vested in him to authorize their performance by said Maritime Administrator.

1027. §1501 — Title 4 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was entitled “Provisions Applicable to All Executive Departments”, and consisted of R.S. §§ 158 to 198. For provisions of the Code derived from such title 4, see sections 101, 301, 303, 304, 503, 2952, 3101, 3106, 3341, 3345 to 3349, 5535, 5536 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees; section 207 of Title 18 , Crimes and Criminal Procedure; sections 514, 520 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure; section 3321 of Title 31 , Money and Finance.

1028. § 1503a. Under Secretary of Commerce for Economic Affairs

1029. § 1503b. Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere; duties; appointment; compensation

1030. §1505 — Additional Assistant Secretary; duties, rank of Assistant Secretaries

1031. §1506 — Additional Assistant Secretary; appointment; applicability of section 1505

1032. §1507 — Additional Assistant Secretary; appointment; compensation; duties

1033. § 1507b. Assistant Secretary of Commerce; appointment; compensation; duties

1034. § 1507c. Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere; duties; appointment; compensation

1035. §1508 — General Counsel

1036. §1509 — Designation of officer to sign routine papers

1037. §1510 — Clerical assistants

1038. §1511 — Bureaus in Department

1039. §1511 — Section 304 of Reorg. Plan No. 7 of 1961, eff. Aug. 12, 1961 , 26 F.R. 7315, 75 Stat. 840 , set out in the Appendix to Title 5, abolished Federal Maritime Board, including offices of members of Board. Functions of Board transferred either to Federal Maritime Commission, which was established as an independent body, or to Secretary of Commerce by sections 103 and 202 of Reorg. Plan No. 7 of 1961.

1040. § 1511b. United States fishery trade officers

1041. § 1511c. Estuarine Programs Office

1042. § 1511d. Chesapeake Bay Office

1043. §1512 — Powers and duties of Department

1044. §1512 — Section 1. Policy . Business investment in the United States by both domestic and foreign firms, whether in the form of new equipment or facilities or the expansion of existing facilities, is a major engine of economic growth and job creation. In an era of global capital mobility, the United States faces increasing competition for retaining and attracting industries of the future and the jobs they create. My Administration is committed to enhancing the efforts of the United States to win the growing global competition for business investment by leveraging our advantages as the premier business location in the world.

1045. §1512 — Section 1. Policy . The American spirit of entrepreneurship is one of our most admired values around the world, and the United States has produced many of the world’s most respected businesses and inspiring business creators. At a time when many societies confront extremism, unemployment, and slow economic growth, entrepreneurship holds out the promise of opportunity, prosperity, and security.

1046. §1513 — Duties and powers vested in Department

1047. § 1513a. Cost estimates for National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration programs included in Department budget justification

1048. § 1513b. Cost estimates for National Institute of Standards and Technology construction projects included in Department budget justification

1049. §1514 — Basic authority for performance of certain functions and activities of Department

1050. §1515 — Records, etc., of bureaus transferred to Department of Commerce

1051. §1516 — Statistical information

1052. § 1516a. Statistics relating to social, health, and economic conditions of Americans of Spanish origin or descent

1053. §1517 — Section 1. (a) The following programs and activities are hereby transferred to the Secretary of Commerce:

1054. §1517 — Transfer of statistical or scientific work

1055. §1518 — Custody of buildings; officers transferred

1056. §1519 — Annual and special reports

1057. §1521 — Working capital fund; establishment; amount; uses; reimbursement

1058. § 1521a. Department of Commerce Nonrecurring Expenses Fund

1059. §1522 — Acceptance of gifts and bequests for purposes of the Department; separate fund; disbursements

1060. §1523 — Tax status of gifts and bequests of property

1061. §1524 — Investment and reinvestments of moneys; credit and disbursement of interest

1062. §1525 — Special studies; special compilations, lists, bulletins, or reports; clearinghouse for technical information; transcripts or copies; cost payments for special work; joint projects: cost apportionment, waiver

1063. §1526 — Receipts for work or services; deposit in special accounts; availability for payment of costs, repayment or advances to appropriations or funds, refunds, credits to working capital funds; appropriation limitation of annual expenditures from accounts

1064. §1527 — Fees or charges for services or publications under existing law unaffected

1065. § 1527a. Economics and Statistics Administration Revolving Fund

1066. §1528 — Transferred

1067. §1529 — Relinquishment of legislative jurisdiction over certain lands

1068. §1530 — Awarding of contracts for performance of commercial activity by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

1069. §1531 — Buying Power Maintenance accounts for International Trade Administration, Export Administration, and United States Travel and Tourism Administration

1070. §1532 — Telecommunications; electromagnetic radiation; research, analysis, dissemination of information; other functions of Secretary

1071. §1534 — Assessment of fees for access to environmental data

1072. §1536 — Prohibition against fraudulent use of “Made in America” labels

1073. §1537 — Needs assessment for data management, archival, and distribution

1074. §1538 — Notice of reprogramming

1075. §1539 — Financial assistance

1076. §1540 — Cooperative agreements

1077. §1541 — Administrative Law Judges

1078. §1542 — Establishment of the Ernest F. Hollings Scholarship Program

1079. §1543 — Task force on job repatriation and manufacturing growth

1080. §1544 — Promotion of tourist travel

1081. §1545 — Cooperation with travel agencies; publication of information

1082. §1546 — United States Travel and Tourism Advisory Board

1083. §1547 — Rules and regulations; employees

1084. §1548 — Authorization of appropriations

1085. §1601 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1086. §1602 — Definitions and rules of construction

1087. §1602 — Section 102(b) of Pub. L. 97–25 provided that the amendment made by that section is effective Apr. 10, 1982 .

1088. §1603 — Exempted transactions

1089. §1603 — Section 701(c) of Pub. L. 97–320 , as amended by Pub. L. 97–457, § 31 , Jan. 12, 1983 , 96 Stat. 2511 , provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] and subsection (b) [enacting section 1099 of Title 20 , Education] shall be effective with respect to loans made prior to, on, and after the date of the enactment of this Act [ Oct. 15, 1982 ].”

1090. §1604 — Disclosure guidelines

1091. §1605 — Determination of finance charge

1092. §1606 — Determination of annual percentage rate

1093. §1607 — Administrative enforcement

1094. §1608 — Views of other agencies

1095. §1610 — Effect on other laws

1096. §1610 — Section 1602(aa) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 1602(bb) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1097. §1611 — Criminal liability for willful and knowing violation

1098. §1612 — Effect on government agencies

1099. §1613 — Annual reports to Congress by Bureau

1100. §1615 — Prohibition on use of “Rule of 78’s” in connection with mortgage refinancings and other consumer loans

1101. §1616 — Board review of consumer credit plans and regulations

1102. §1631 — Disclosure requirements

1103. §1631 — Section 1602(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 1602(g) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1104. §1632 — Form of disclosure; additional information

1105. §1633 — Exemption for State-regulated transactions

1106. §1634 — Effect of subsequent occurrence

1107. §1635 — Right of rescission as to certain transactions

1108. §1635 — Section 1602(w) of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was redesignated section 1602(x) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1109. §1637 — Open end consumer credit plans

1110. § 1637a. Disclosure requirements for open end consumer credit plans secured by consumer’s principal dwelling

1111. Section 4 of the Home Equity Loan Consumer Protection Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), is section 4 of Pub. L. 100–709 , which is set out as a note below.

1112. §1638 — Transactions other than under an open end credit plan

1113. § 1638a. Reset of hybrid adjustable rate mortgages

1114. §1639 — Requirements for certain mortgages

1115. §1639 — Section 1602(aa) of this title , referred to in text, was redesignated section 1602(bb) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1116. § 1639a. Duty of servicers of residential mortgages

1117. § 1639b. Residential mortgage loan origination

1118. § 1639c. Minimum standards for residential mortgage loans

1119. Section 1602(aa)(4) of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(5)(C) and (b)(2)(C)(i), was redesignated section 1602(bb)(4) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1120. § 1639d. Escrow or impound accounts relating to certain consumer credit transactions

1121. § 1639e. Appraisal independence requirements

1122. § 1639f. Requirements for prompt crediting of home loan payments

1123. § 1639g. Requests for payoff amounts of home loan

1124. § 1639h. Property appraisal requirements

1125. §1640 — Civil liability

1126. §1641 — Liability of assignees

1127. §1641 — Section 1602(aa) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), (4), was redesignated section 1602(bb) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1128. §1642 — Issuance of credit cards

1129. §1643 — Liability of holder of credit card

1130. §1644 — Fraudulent use of credit cards; penalties

1131. §1645 — Business credit cards; limits on liability of employees

1132. §1646 — Dissemination of annual percentage rates; implementation, etc.

1133. §1647 — Home equity plans

1134. §1648 — Reverse mortgages

1135. §1649 — Certain limitations on liability

1136. §1650 — Preventing unfair and deceptive private educational lending practices and eliminating conflicts of interest

1137. §1651 — Procedure for timely settlement of estates of decedent obligors

1138. §1661 — Catalogs and multiple-page advertisements

1139. §1662 — Advertising of downpayments and installments

1140. §1663 — Advertising of open end credit plans

1141. §1664 — Advertising of credit other than open end plans

1142. §1665 — Nonliability of advertising media

1143. § 1665a. Use of annual percentage rate in oral disclosures; exceptions

1144. § 1665b. Advertising of open end consumer credit plans secured by consumer’s principal dwelling

1145. § 1665c. Interest rate reduction on open end consumer credit plans

1146. § 1665d. Reasonable penalty fees on open end consumer credit plans

1147. § 1665e. Consideration of ability to repay

1148. §1666 — Correction of billing errors

1149. §1666 — Title III of Pub. L. 93–495 , which is classified principally to this part, is known as the “Fair Credit Billing Act”. For complete classification of Title III to the Code, see Short Title of 1974 Amendment note set out under section 1601 of this title and Tables.

1150. § 1666a. Regulation of credit reports

1151. § 1666b. Timing of payments

1152. § 1666c. Prompt and fair crediting of payments

1153. § 1666d. Treatment of credit balances

1154. § 1666e. Notification of credit card issuer by seller of return of goods, etc., by obligor; credit for account of obligor

1155. § 1666f. Inducements to cardholders by sellers of cash discounts for payments by cash, check or similar means; finance charge for sales transactions involving cash discounts

1156. Section 3(c)(2) of Pub. L. 94–222 , as amended by Pub. L. 95–630, title XV, § 1501 , Nov. 10, 1978 , 92 Stat. 3713 ; Pub. L. 97–25, title II, § 201 , July 27, 1981 , 95 Stat. 44 , provided that: “The amendments made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall cease to be effective on February 27, 1984 .”

1157. § 1666g. Tie-in services prohibited for issuance of credit card

1158. § 1666h. Offset of cardholder’s indebtedness by issuer of credit card with funds deposited with issuer by cardholder; remedies of creditors under State law not affected

1159. § 1666i. Assertion by cardholder against card issuer of claims and defenses arising out of credit card transaction; prerequisites; limitation on amount of claims or defenses

1160. § 1666j. Applicability of State laws

1161. §1667 — Definitions

1162. §1667 — Section 1602(g) of this title , referred to in par. (1), was redesignated section 1602(h) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1163. § 1667a. Consumer lease disclosures

1164. § 1667b. Lessee’s liability on expiration or termination of lease

1165. § 1667c. Consumer lease advertising; liability of advertising media

1166. § 1667d. Civil liability of lessors

1167. § 1667e. Applicability of State laws; exemptions by Bureau from leasing requirements

1168. § 1667f. Regulations

1169. Section 2605(a) of div. A of Pub. L. 104–208 provided that: “(1) Findings .— The Congress finds that— “(A) competition among the various financial institutions and other firms engaged in the business of consumer leasing is greatest when there is informed use of leasing; “(B) the informed use of leasing results from an awareness of the cost of leasing by consumers; and “(C) there has been a continued trend toward leasing automobiles and other durable goods for consumer use as an alternative to installment credit sales and that leasing product advances have occurred such that lessors have been unable to provide consistent industry-wide disclosures to fully account for the competitive progress that has occurred. “(2) Purposes .— The purposes of this section are— “(A) to assure a simple, meaningful disclosure of leasing terms so that the consumer will be able to compare more readily the various leasing terms available to the consumer and avoid the uninformed use of leasing, and to protect the consumer against inaccurate and unfair leasing practices; “(B) to provide for adequate cost disclosures that reflect the marketplace without impairing competition and the development of new leasing products; and “(C) to provide the Board with the regulatory authority to assure a simplified, meaningful definition and disclosure of the terms of certain leases of personal property for personal, family, or household purposes so as to— “(i) enable the lessee to compare more readily the various lease terms available to the lessee; “(ii) enable comparison of lease terms with credit terms, as appropriate; and “(iii) assure meaningful and accurate disclosures of lease terms in advertisements.”

1170. Section 2605(b)(2) of div. A of Pub. L. 104–208 provided that: “(A) In general .— Any regulation of the Board, or any amendment or interpretation of any regulation of the Board issued pursuant to section 187 of the Truth in Lending Act [ 15 U.S.C. 1667f ] (as added by paragraph (1) of this subsection), shall become effective on the first October 1 that follows the date of promulgation of that regulation, amendment, or interpretation by not less than 6 months. “(B) Longer period .— The Board may, at the discretion of the Board, extend the time period referred to in subparagraph (A) in accordance with subparagraph (C), to permit lessors to adjust their disclosure forms to accommodate the requirements of section 127 [187] of the Truth in Lending Act (as added by paragraph (1) of this subsection). “(C) Shorter period .— The Board may shorten the time period referred to in subparagraph (A), if the Board makes a specific finding that such action is necessary to comply with the findings of a court or to prevent an unfair or deceptive practice. “(D) Compliance before effective date .— Any lessor may comply with any means of disclosure provided for in section 127 [187] of the Truth in Lending Act (as added by paragraph (1) of this subsection) before the effective date of such requirement. “(E) Definitions .— For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘lessor’ has the same meaning as in section 181 of the Truth in Lending Act [ 15 U.S.C. 1667 ].”

1171. §1671 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1172. §1672 — Definitions

1173. §1673 — Restriction on garnishment

1174. §1674 — Restriction on discharge from employment by reason of garnishment

1175. §1675 — Exemption for State-regulated garnishments

1176. §1676 — Enforcement by Secretary of Labor

1177. §1677 — Effect on State laws

1178. §1679 — Findings and purposes

1179. § 1679a. Definitions

1180. Section 1602(e) of this title , referred to in par. (4), was redesignated section 1602(f) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1181. § 1679b. Prohibited practices

1182. § 1679c. Disclosures

1183. § 1679d. Credit repair organizations contracts

1184. § 1679e. Right to cancel contract

1185. § 1679f. Noncompliance with this subchapter

1186. § 1679g. Civil liability

1187. § 1679h. Administrative enforcement

1188. § 1679i. Statute of limitations

1189. § 1679j. Relation to State law

1190. §1681 — Congressional findings and statement of purpose

1191. § 1681a. Definitions; rules of construction

1192. Section 1602(i) of this title , referred to in subsec. (q)(5), was redesignated section 1602(j) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1193. § 1681b. Permissible purposes of consumer reports

1194. Section 1179 of such Act, referred to in subsec. (g)(3)(B), probably means section 1179 of the Social Security Act, as added by section 262(a) of Pub. L. 104–191 , title II, Aug. 21, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2030 , which is classified to section 1320d–8 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

1195. Section 1681g(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(B), (3)(A)(ii), (B)(ii), was amended generally by Pub. L. 108–159, title II, § 211(c) , Dec. 4, 2003 , 117 Stat. 1970 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a par. (3).

1196. Section 1681m(a)(3) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B)(i), was redesignated section 1681m(a)(4) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100F(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2112 .

1197. § 1681c. Requirements relating to information contained in consumer reports

1198. Section 302(c)(5) of the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(7), (8), is section 302(c)(5) of Pub. L. 115–174 , which is set out as a note below.

1199. § 1681d. Disclosure of investigative consumer reports

1200. § 1681e. Compliance procedures

1201. Section 1681b(b)(4) of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(3)(A), was subsequently amended, and section 1681b(b)(4)(E) no longer defines the term “classified information”. However, such term is defined elsewhere in that section.

1202. § 1681f. Disclosures to governmental agencies

1203. § 1681g. Disclosures to consumers

1204. Section 1681a(w) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B)(vi), was redesignated section 1681a(x) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1088(a)(1) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2086 .

1205. Section 1681b(b)(4) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(C)(i), was subsequently amended, and section 1681b(b)(4)(E) no longer defines the term “classified information”. However, such term is defined elsewhere in that section.

1206. Section 211(c) of the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B)(v), probably means section 211(d) of Pub. L. 108–159 , which is set out as a note under section 1681j of this title and relates to the promulgation of regulations. Section 211(c) of Pub. L. 108–159 amended this section.

1207. § 1681h. Conditions and form of disclosure to consumers

1208. § 1681i. Procedure in case of disputed accuracy

1209. § 1681j. Charges for certain disclosures

1210. Section 1681a(w) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), (C)(i), (iv), was redesignated section 1681a(x) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1088(a)(1) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2086 .

1211. Section 205(b) of the Credit CARD Act of 2009, referred to in subsec. (g), is section 205(b) of Pub. L. 111–24 , which is set out as a note below.

1212. Section 211(c) of the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(B), probably means section 211(d) of Pub. L. 108–159 , which is set out as a note below and relates to the establishment of a centralized source. Section 211(c) of Pub. L. 108–159 amended section 1681g of this title .

1213. § 1681k. Public record information for employment purposes

1214. § 1681l. Restrictions on investigative consumer reports

1215. § 1681m. Requirements on users of consumer reports

1216. § 1681n. Civil liability for willful noncompliance

1217. § 1681o. Civil liability for negligent noncompliance

1218. § 1681p. Jurisdiction of courts; limitation of actions

1219. § 1681q. Obtaining information under false pretenses

1220. § 1681r. Unauthorized disclosures by officers or employees

1221. § 1681s. Administrative enforcement

1222. § 1681t. Relation to State laws

1223. § 1681u. Disclosures to FBI for counterintelligence purposes

1224. § 1681v. Disclosures to governmental agencies for counterterrorism purposes

1225. § 1681w. Disposal of records

1226. § 1681x. Corporate and technological circumvention prohibited

1227. §1691 — Scope of prohibition

1228. §1691 — Section 708, formerly § 707, of title VII of Pub. L. 90–321 , as added by Pub. L. 93–495, title V, § 503 , Oct. 28, 1974 , 88 Stat. 1525 , renumbered and amended by Pub. L. 94–239 , §§ 7, 8, Mar. 23, 1976 , 90 Stat. 255 , provided that: “This title [enacting this subchapter and provisions set out as notes under section 1691 of this title ] takes effect upon the expiration of one year after the date of its enactment [ Oct. 28, 1974 ]. The amendments made by the Equal Credit Opportunity Act Amendments of 1976 [enacting section 1691f of this title , amending this section and sections 1691b, 1691c, 1691d, and 1691e of this title, repealing section 1609 of this title , enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, and repealing provisions set out as a note under this section] shall take effect on the date of enactment thereof [ Mar. 23, 1976 ] and shall apply to any violation occurring on or after such date, except that the amendments made to section 701 of the Equal Credit Opportunity Act [this section] shall take effect 12 months after the date of enactment [ Mar. 23, 1976 ].”

1229. § 1691a. Definitions; rules of construction

1230. § 1691b. Promulgation of regulations by the Bureau

1231. § 1691c. Administrative enforcement

1232. § 1691d. Applicability of other laws

1233. § 1691e. Civil liability

1234. Section 3612 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (i), which related to enforcement of the Fair Housing Act ( 42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.) by private persons, was repealed by Pub. L. 100–430, § 8(2) , Sept. 13, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1625 . See section 3613 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

1235. § 1691f. Annual reports to Congress; contents

1236. §1692 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1237. § 1692a. Definitions

1238. § 1692b. Acquisition of location information

1239. § 1692c. Communication in connection with debt collection

1240. § 1692d. Harassment or abuse

1241. Section 1681b(3) of this title , referred to in par. (3), was redesignated section 1681b(a)(3) of this title by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, § 2403(a)(1) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–430 .

1242. § 1692e. False or misleading representations

1243. § 1692f. Unfair practices

1244. § 1692g. Validation of debts

1245. § 1692h. Multiple debts

1246. § 1692i. Legal actions by debt collectors

1247. § 1692j. Furnishing certain deceptive forms

1248. § 1692k. Civil liability

1249. § 1692l. Administrative enforcement

1250. Section 1089(4) of Pub. L. 111–203 , which directed amendment “in subsection (d)” of the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, was executed in subsec. (d) of this section, which is section 814 of the Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. See 2010 Amendment note below.

1251. § 1692m. Reports to Congress by the Bureau; views of other Federal agencies

1252. § 1692n. Relation to State laws

1253. § 1692o. Exemption for State regulation

1254. § 1692p. Exception for certain bad check enforcement programs operated by private entities

1255. §1693 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1256. § 1693a. Definitions

1257. Section 1602(i) of this title , referred to in par. (2), was redesignated section 1602(j) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1258. § 1693b. Regulations

1259. Section 1693 o of this title, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was in the original “section 917”, and was translated as meaning section 918 of Pub. L. 90–321 to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 917 of Pub. L. 90–321 as section 918 by Pub. L. 111–24, title IV, § 401 , May 22, 2009 , 123 Stat. 1751 .

1260. § 1693c. Terms and conditions of transfers

1261. § 1693d. Documentation of transfers

1262. § 1693e. Preauthorized transfers

1263. § 1693f. Error resolution

1264. Section 1693m of this title , referred to in subsec. (e), was in the original a reference to section 915 of Pub. L. 90–321 , and was translated as meaning section 916 of Pub. L. 90–321 to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 915 of Pub. L. 90–321 as section 916 by Pub. L. 111–24, title IV, § 401(1) , May 22, 2009 , 123 Stat. 1751 .

1265. § 1693g. Consumer liability

1266. Section 1602(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was redesignated section 1602(f) of this title by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

1267. § 1693h. Liability of financial institutions

1268. § 1693i. Issuance of cards or other means of access

1269. § 1693j. Suspension of obligations

1270. § 1693k. Compulsory use of electronic fund transfers

1271. § 1693l. Waiver of rights

1272. § 1693m. Civil liability

1273. Section 1693n of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), was in the original a reference to section 916 of Pub. L. 90–321 , and was translated as meaning section 917 of Pub. L. 90–321 to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 916 of Pub. L. 90–321 as section 917 by Pub. L. 111–24, title IV, § 401(1) , May 22, 2009 , 123 Stat. 1751 .

1274. § 1693n. Criminal liability

1275. § 1693o. Administrative enforcement

1276. § 1693p. Reports to Congress

1277. Section 1693 o of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “ section 917 of this title ”, and was translated as meaning section 918 of title I of Pub. L. 90–321 to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 917 of title I of Pub. L. 90–321 as section 918 by Pub. L. 111–24, title IV, § 401(1) , May 22, 2009 , 123 Stat. 1751 .

1278. § 1693q. Relation to State laws

1279. § 1693r. Exemption for State regulation

1280. §1701 — Definitions

1281. §1702 — Exemptions

1282. §1703 — Requirements respecting sale or lease of lots

1283. §1704 — Registration of subdivisions

1284. §1705 — Information required in statement of record

1285. §1706 — Effective date of statements of record and amendments thereto

1286. §1707 — Property report

1287. §1708 — Certification of substantially equivalent State law

1288. §1709 — Civil liabilities

1289. §1710 — Court review of orders

1290. §1711 — Limitation of actions

1291. §1712 — Contrary stipulations void

1292. §1713 — Additional remedies

1293. §1714 — Investigations, injunctions, and prosecution of offenses

1294. §1715 — Administration

1295. §1716 — Unlawful representations

1296. §1717 — Penalties for violations

1297. § 1717a. Civil money penalties

1298. §1718 — Rules, regulations, and orders

1299. §1719 — Jurisdiction of offenses and suits

1300. §1720 — Authorization of appropriations

1301. §1801 — Congressional declaration of policy

1302. §1802 — Definitions

1303. §1803 — Antitrust exemptions

1304. §1804 — Reinstatement of joint operating arrangements previously adjudged unlawful under antitrust laws

1305. §1821 — Definitions

1306. §1822 — Congressional statement of findings

1307. §1823 — Horse shows and exhibitions

1308. §1824 — Unlawful acts

1309. § 1824a. Export of horses

1310. §1825 — Violations and penalties

1311. §1826 — Notice of violations to Attorney General

1312. §1827 — Utilization of personnel of Department of Agriculture and officers and employees of consenting States; technical and other nonfinancial assistance to State

1313. §1828 — Rules and regulations

1314. §1829 — Preemption of State laws; concurrent jurisdiction; prohibition on certain State action

1315. §1831 — Authorization of appropriations

1316. §1831 — Section 10 of Pub. L. 94–360 provided that the amendment made by that section is effective July 1, 1976 .

1317. §1841 — Emergency Loan Guarantee Board; establishment; membership; voting

1318. §1842 — Authority for loan guarantees; terms and conditions

1319. §1843 — Limitations and conditions of loan guarantees

1320. §1844 — Security for loan guarantees

1321. §1845 — Requirements applicable to loan guarantees

1322. §1845 — Section 68 of the Bankruptcy Act, referred to in subsec. (f)(2), was classified to section 108 of former Title 11, Bankruptcy. The Bankruptcy Act was repealed effective Oct. 1, 1979 , by Pub. L. 95–598 , §§ 401(a), 402(a), Nov. 6, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2682 , section 101 of which enacted revised Title 11. See sections 502(b)(3) and 553 of Title 11.

1323. §1846 — Powers and duties

1324. §1847 — Maximum obligation

1325. §1848 — Emergency loan guarantee fund

1326. §1849 — Federal Reserve banks as fiscal agents

1327. §1850 — Protection of Government’s interest

1328. §1851 — Reports to Congress; recommendations

1329. §1852 — Termination date

1330. §2051 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1331. §2052 — Definitions

1332. §2052 — Section 2079(d) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(5), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–314, title II, § 237 , Aug. 14, 2008 , 122 Stat. 3076 .

1333. §2052 — Section 30102(a)(6) and (7) of title 49, referred to in subsec. (a)(5)(C), was redesignated section 30102(a)(7) and (8) of title 49 by section 24109(b)(2) of Pub. L. 114–94 , div. B, title XXIV, Dec. 4, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1706 .

1334. §2052 — Title 52 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in subsec. (a)(5)(G), consisted of R.S. §§ 4399 to 4500, which were classified to sections 170, 214, 215, 222, 224, 224a, 226, 228, 229, 230 to 234, 239, 240, 361, 362, 364, 371 to 373, 375 to 382, 384, 385, 391, 391a, 392 to 394, 399 to 404, 405 to 416, 435 to 440, 451 to 453, 460, 461 to 463, 464, 466, 467 to 482, and 489 to 498 of former Title 46, Shipping. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 4399 to 4500 to the Code, see Tables. A majority of such sections of the Revised Statutes were repealed and various provisions thereof were reenacted in Title 46, Shipping, by Pub. L. 98–89 , Aug. 26, 1983 , 97 Stat. 500 . For disposition of sections of former Title 46 into revised Title 46, Shipping, see Disposition Table preceding section 101 of Title 46 .

1335. §2053 — Consumer Product Safety Commission

1336. § 2053a. Employee training exchanges

1337. §2054 — Product safety information and research

1338. §2055 — Public disclosure of information

1339. § 2055a. Publicly available consumer product safety information database

1340. §2056 — Consumer product safety standards

1341. Section 2060(g) of this title , as added by section 236 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is section 2060(g) of this title , as added by section 236 of Pub. L. 110–314 .

1342. § 2056a. Standards and consumer registration of durable nursery products

1343. § 2056b. Mandatory toy safety standards

1344. Section 2060(g) of this title , as added by section 236 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (i), is section 2060(g) of this title , as added by section 236 of Pub. L. 110–314 .

1345. § 2056c. Sulfur content in drywall standard

1346. § 2056d. Performance standards to protect against portable fuel container explosions near open flames or other ignition sources

1347. § 2056e. Consumer product safety standard for button cell or coin batteries and consumer products containing such batteries

1348. § 2056f. Consumer product safety standard to protect against tip-over of clothing storage units

1349. §2057 — Banned hazardous products

1350. § 2057a. Banning of butyl nitrite

1351. § 2057b. Banning of isopropal nitrite and other nitrites

1352. § 2057c. Prohibition on sale of certain products containing specified phthalates

1353. § 2057d. Banning of inclined sleepers for infants

1354. § 2057e. Banning of crib bumpers

1355. §2058 — Procedure for consumer product safety rules

1356. §2060 — Judicial review of consumer product safety rules

1357. §2061 — Imminent hazards

1358. §2063 — Product certification and labeling

1359. §2064 — Section 30102(a)(7) of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 30102(a)(8) of title 49 by section 24109(b)(2) of Pub. L. 114–94 , div. B, title XXIV, Dec. 4, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1706 .

1360. §2064 — Substantial product hazards

1361. §2065 — Inspection and recordkeeping

1362. §2066 — Imported products

1363. §2067 — Exemption of exports

1364. §2068 — Prohibited acts

1365. §2069 — Civil penalties

1366. §2070 — Criminal penalties

1367. §2071 — Injunctive enforcement and seizure

1368. §2072 — Suits for damages

1369. §2073 — Additional enforcement of product safety rules and section 2064 orders

1370. §2074 — Private remedies

1371. §2075 — State standards

1372. §2076 — Additional functions of Consumer Product Safety Commission

1373. §2076 — Section 3003 of the Federal Reports Elimination and Sunset Act of 1995, referred to in subsec. (j), is section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66 , which is set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31 , Money and Finance.

1374. § 2076a. Report on civil penalties

1375. § 2076b. Inspector General audits and reports

1376. §2077 — Chronic Hazard Advisory Panels

1377. §2078 — Cooperation with States and other Federal agencies

1378. §2078 — Section 4605(j) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (f)(1)(C), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . For provisions similar to those of former section 4605(j) of title 50 , see section 4813(c) of title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

1379. §2079 — Transfers of functions

1380. §2080 — Limitations on jurisdiction of Consumer Product Safety Commission

1381. §2081 — Authorization of appropriations

1382. §2082 — Interim cellulose insulation safety standard

1383. §2083 — Congressional veto of consumer product safety rules

1384. §2084 — Information reporting

1385. §2085 — Low-speed electric bicycles

1386. §2085 — Section 2052(a)(1) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated section 2052(a)(5) of this title by Pub. L. 110–314, title II, § 235(b)(4) , Aug. 14, 2008 , 122 Stat. 3074 .

1387. §2086 — Prohibition on industry-sponsored travel

1388. §2087 — Whistleblower protection

1389. §2088 — Financial responsibility

1390. §2089 — All-terrain vehicles

1391. §2090 — Grant program for carbon monoxide poisoning prevention

1392. §2101 — Marking requirements

1393. §2102 — Private enforcement

1394. §2103 — Enforcement by Federal Trade Commission

1395. §2104 — Imports

1396. §2105 — Application of other laws

1397. §2106 — Definitions

1398. §2201 — Congressional findings

1399. §2201 — PART I. FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY

1400. §2201 — PART II. TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS

1401. §2201 — PART III. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1402. §2202 — Declaration of purpose

1403. §2203 — Definitions

1404. §2204 — United States Fire Administration

1405. §2205 — Public education

1406. §2206 — National Academy for Fire Prevention and Control

1407. §2207 — Fire technology

1408. §2208 — National Fire Data Center

1409. §2209 — Master plans

1410. §2210 — Reimbursement for costs of firefighting on Federal property

1411. §2211 — Review of fire prevention codes

1412. §2212 — Fire safety effectiveness statements

1413. §2213 — Annual conference

1414. §2214 — Public safety awards

1415. §2214 — Section 1. The Presidential Medal of Valor for Public Safety Officers (Medal) is established for the purpose of recognizing those public safety officers adjudged to have shown extraordinary valor above and beyond the call of duty in the exercise of their official duties. As used in this section, the term “public safety officer” means a person serving a public agency with or without compensation:

1416. §2215 — Reports to Congress and President

1417. §2216 — Authorization of appropriations

1418. §2216 — Section 2220(b)(1) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 106–503, title I, § 110(a)(1)(D) , Nov. 13, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2302 .

1419. §2217 — Public access to information

1420. §2218 — Administrative provisions

1421. §2219 — Assistance to Consumer Product Safety Commission

1422. §2220 — Arson prevention, detection, and control

1423. §2221 — Arson prevention grants

1424. § 2223a. Review

1425. § 2223b. Working group

1426. § 2223c. Report and recommendations

1427. § 2223d. Annual revision of recommendations

1428. § 2223e. “Emergency response personnel” defined

1429. §2224 — Listings of places of public accommodation

1430. §2225 — Fire prevention and control guidelines for places of public accommodation

1431. § 2225a. Prohibiting Federal funding of conferences held at non-certified places of public accommodation

1432. §2226 — Dissemination of fire prevention and control information

1433. §2227 — Fire safety systems in federally assisted buildings

1434. §2227 — Section 1441a(c) of title 12 , referred to in subsec. (a)(5)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–203, title III, § 364(b) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1555 .

1435. §2228 — CPR training

1436. §2229 — Firefighter assistance

1437. Section 203(y) of title 29 , referred to in subsec. (i)(1), was in the original “section 3(y) of the Fair Labor Standards Act” and has been translated as reading “section 3(y) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1438. § 2229a. Staffing for adequate fire and emergency response

1439. §2230 — Surplus and excess Federal equipment

1440. §2231 — Cooperative agreements with Federal facilities

1441. §2232 — Burn research

1442. §2233 — Removal of civil liability barriers that discourage the donation of fire equipment to volunteer fire companies

1443. §2234 — Encouraging adoption of standards for firefighter health and safety

1444. §2235 — Investigation authorities

1445. §2301 — Definitions

1446. §2302 — Rules governing contents of warranties

1447. §2303 — Designation of written warranties

1448. §2304 — Federal minimum standards for warranties

1449. §2305 — Full and limited warranting of a consumer product

1450. §2306 — Service contracts; rules for full, clear and conspicuous disclosure of terms and conditions; addition to or in lieu of written warranty

1451. §2307 — Designation of representatives by warrantor to perform duties under written or implied warranty

1452. §2308 — Implied warranties

1453. §2309 — Procedures applicable to promulgation of rules by Commission

1454. §2310 — Remedies in consumer disputes

1455. §2311 — Applicability to other laws

1456. §2312 — Effective dates

1457. §2312 — Section 2302(a) of this title shall take effect 6 months after the final publication of rules respecting such section; except that the Commission, for good cause shown, may postpone the applicability of such sections until one year after such final publication in order to permit any designated classes of suppliers to bring their written warranties into compliance with rules promulgated pursuant to this chapter.

1458. §2401 — Congressional findings

1459. §2402 — Congressional statement of purpose

1460. §2403 — Congressional declaration of policy

1461. §2404 — Definitions

1462. §2411 — Establishment

1463. §2412 — Board of Directors

1464. §2413 — Executive Director and Deputy Director

1465. §2414 — Functions of the Center

1466. §2415 — Powers of the Center

1467. §2416 — Contracts and other funding arrangements

1468. §2417 — Criteria for participating parties

1469. §2418 — Annual report

1470. §2431 — Liaison with Center

1471. §2432 — Internal review

1472. §2433 — Support of external activities

1473. §2434 — Internal productivity

1474. §2435 — Other statutory obligations

1475. §2451 — Authority of Executive Director

1476. §2461 — Audit, review, and evaluation

1477. §2471 — Authorization of appropriations

1478. §2501 — Congressional findings and policy

1479. §2502 — Definitions

1480. §2503 — Duties of Secretary of Energy

1481. §2503 — Section 2513 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(5), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1051 ( o ), Dec. 21, 1995 , 109 Stat. 717 .

1482. §2504 — Coordination between Secretary of Energy and other agencies

1483. §2505 — Research and development

1484. §2506 — Demonstrations

1485. §2507 — Contracts

1486. §2508 — Encouragement and protection of small business

1487. §2509 — Loan guarantees

1488. §2510 — Use of electric and hybrid vehicles by Federal agencies

1489. §2511 — Patents

1490. §2511 — Section 5908 of title 42 shall apply to any contract (including any assignment, substitution of parties, or subcontract thereunder), entered into, made, or issued by the Secretary of Energy pursuant to section 2507 of this title .

1491. §2512 — Section 2513 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (b) and (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1051 ( o ), Dec. 21, 1995 , 109 Stat. 717 .

1492. §2512 — Section 512(b)(2) of the Motor Vehicle Information and Cost Savings Act ( 15 U.S.C. 2012(b)(2) ), referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b) , July 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1379 , the first section of which enacted subtitles II, III, and V to X of Title 49, Transportation.

1493. §2512 — Studies

1494. §2514 — Authorization for appropriations

1495. §2601 — Findings, policy, and intent

1496. §2602 — Definitions

1497. §2603 — Testing of chemical substances and mixtures

1498. §2604 — Manufacturing and processing notices

1499. §2605 — Prioritization, risk evaluation, and regulation of chemical substances and mixtures

1500. §2606 — Imminent hazards

1501. §2607 — Reporting and retention of information

1502. §2608 — Relationship to other Federal laws

1503. §2609 — Research, development, collection, dissemination, and utilization of information

1504. §2610 — Inspections and subpoenas

1505. §2611 — Exports

1506. §2612 — Entry into customs territory of the United States

1507. §2613 — Confidential information

1508. §2614 — Prohibited acts

1509. §2615 — Penalties

1510. §2616 — Specific enforcement and seizure

1511. §2617 — Preemption

1512. §2617 — Section 2605(b)(4)(D) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(B)(i), (ii), was in the original “section (6)(b)(4)(D)”, and was translated as meaning section 6(b)(4)(D) of title I of Pub. L. 94–469 to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1513. §2618 — Judicial review

1514. §2619 — Citizens’ civil actions

1515. §2620 — Citizens’ petitions

1516. §2621 — National defense waiver

1517. §2622 — Employee protection

1518. §2623 — Employment effects

1519. §2625 — Administration

1520. §2626 — Development and evaluation of test methods

1521. §2627 — State programs

1522. §2628 — Authorization of appropriations

1523. §2629 — Annual report

1524. §2641 — Congressional findings and purpose

1525. §2642 — Definitions

1526. §2643 — EPA regulations

1527. §2644 — Requirements if EPA fails to promulgate regulations

1528. §2645 — Submission to State Governor

1529. §2646 — Contractor and laboratory accreditation

1530. §2647 — Enforcement

1531. §2648 — Emergency authority

1532. §2649 — State and Federal law

1533. §2650 — Asbestos contractors and local educational agencies

1534. §2651 — Public protection

1535. §2652 — Asbestos Ombudsman

1536. §2653 — EPA study of asbestos-containing material in public buildings

1537. §2654 — Transitional rules

1538. §2655 — Worker protection

1539. §2656 — Training grants

1540. §2661 — National goal

1541. §2662 — Definitions

1542. §2662 — Section 241 of title 20 , as in effect before enactment of the Improving America’s Schools Act of 1994, referred to in par. (1)(C), means section 241 of Title 20 , Education, prior to its repeal by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 331(b) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3965 .

1543. §2663 — EPA citizen’s guide

1544. §2664 — Model construction standards and techniques

1545. §2665 — Technical assistance to States for radon programs

1546. §2666 — Grant assistance to States for radon programs

1547. §2667 — Radon in schools

1548. §2668 — Regional radon training centers

1549. §2669 — Study of radon in Federal buildings

1550. §2670 — Regulations

1551. §2671 — Additional authorizations

1552. §2681 — Definitions

1553. §2682 — Lead-based paint activities training and certification

1554. §2683 — Identification of dangerous levels of lead

1555. §2684 — Authorized State programs

1556. §2685 — Lead abatement and measurement

1557. §2686 — Lead hazard information pamphlet

1558. §2687 — Regulations

1559. §2688 — Control of lead-based paint hazards at Federal facilities

1560. §2689 — Prohibited acts

1561. §2690 — Relationship to other Federal law

1562. §2691 — General provisions relating to administrative proceedings

1563. §2692 — Authorization of appropriations

1564. §2695 — Grants for healthy school environments

1565. § 2695a. Model guidelines for siting of school facilities

1566. § 2695b. Public outreach

1567. § 2695c. Environmental health program

1568. § 2695d. Authorization of appropriations

1569. §2697 — Formaldehyde standards

1570. §2701 — Congressional findings and purpose

1571. §2702 — Definitions

1572. §2702 — Section 7525 of title 42 , referred to in par. (4), was in the original “section 206 of the Clean Air Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1857f–5 )”, meaning act July 14, 1955, ch. 360, § 206 , as added Dec. 31, 1970 , Pub. L. 91–604, § 8(a) , 84 Stat. 1694 , which was formerly classified to section 1857f–5 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, and which is classified to section 7525 of Title 42 pursuant to the general revision of the Clean Air Act by Pub. L. 95–95 , Aug. 7, 1977 , 91 Stat. 685 .

1573. §2703 — Advanced systems program implementation by Secretary of Energy

1574. §2704 — Evaluation by Secretary of Transportation on utilization of advanced technology by automobile industry

1575. §2705 — Coordinating and consulting requirements and authorities of Secretary of Energy

1576. §2706 — Informational and testing functions of Secretary of Energy

1577. §2707 — Patents and inventions; statutory provisions applicable; contracts or grants covered

1578. §2707 — Section 5908 of title 42 shall apply to any contract (including any assignment, substitution of parties, or subcontract thereunder) or grant, entered into, made, or issued by the Secretary of Energy under this chapter.

1579. §2708 — Comptroller General audit and examination of books, etc.; statutory provisions applicable; contracts or grants covered

1580. §2708 — Section 5876 of title 42 shall apply with respect to the authority of the Comptroller General to have access to and rights of examination of books, documents, papers, and records of recipients of financial assistance under this chapter; except that for the purposes of this chapter, the term “contract” (as used in section 2206 of title 42 , insofar as it relates to such section 5876 of title 42 ) means “contract or grant”.

1581. §2709 — Reports to Congress by Secretary of Energy

1582. §2709 — Section 5914 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (a), was omitted from the Code.

1583. §2710 — Authorization of appropriations

1584. §2710 — Title I of this Act, referred to in text, is title I (§§ 101–107) of Pub. L. 95–238 , Feb. 25, 1978 , 92 Stat. 47 . For complete classification of this title to the Code, see Tables.

1585. §2801 — Definitions As used in this subchapter: (1)(A) The term "franchise" means any contract-

1586. §2802 — Franchise relationship

1587. §2803 — Trial and interim franchises

1588. §2804 — Notification of termination or nonrenewal of franchise relationship

1589. §2805 — Enforcement provisions

1590. §2806 — Relationship of statutory provisions to State and local laws

1591. §2807 — Prohibition on restriction of installation of renewable fuel pumps

1592. §2821 — Definitions

1593. §2822 — Automotive fuel rating testing and disclosure requirements

1594. §2822 — Section 1503 of Pub. L. 102–486 directed Administrator of Environmental Protection Agency to carry out a study to determine whether the anti-knock characteristics of nonliquid fuels usable as a fuel for motor vehicles could be determined and further directed Federal Trade Commission to carry out a study to determine the need for a uniform national label on devices used to dispense automotive fuel to consumers that would consolidate all information required by Federal law to be posted on such devices, with reports of the results of the studies to be submitted to Congress within one year of Oct. 24, 1992 , together with recommendations and a description of the administrative and legislative actions needed to implement the recommendations.

1595. §2823 — Administration and enforcement provisions

1596. §2824 — Relationship of statutory provisions to State and local laws

1597. §2841 — Study by Secretary of Energy

1598. §2901 — Findings

1599. §2901 — Sec. 2. Climate-Related Financial Risk Strategy . The Assistant to the President for Economic Policy and Director of the National Economic Council (Director of the National Economic Council) and the Assistant to the President and National Climate Advisor (National Climate Advisor), in coordination with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), shall develop, within 120 days of the date of this order [ May 20, 2021 ], a comprehensive, Government-wide strategy regarding:

1600. §2901 — Sec. 3. Assessment of Climate-Related Financial Risk by Financial Regulators . In furtherance of the policy set forth in section 1 of this order and consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations:

1601. §2901 — Sec. 4. Resilience of Life Savings and Pensions . In furtherance of the policy set forth in section 1 of this order and consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations, the Secretary of Labor shall:

1602. §2901 — Sec. 5. Federal Lending, Underwriting, and Procurement . In furtherance of the policy set forth in section 1 of this order and consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations:

1603. §2901 — Sec. 6. Long-Term Budget Outlook . The Federal Government has broad exposure to increased costs and lost revenue as a result of the impacts of unmitigated climate change. In furtherance of the policy set forth in section 1 of this order and consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations:

1604. §2901 — Sec. 7. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1605. §2901 — Section 1. Policy . The intensifying impacts of climate change present physical risk to assets, publicly traded securities, private investments, and companies—such as increased extreme weather risk leading to supply chain disruptions. In addition, the global shift away from carbon-intensive energy sources and industrial processes presents transition risk to many companies, communities, and workers. At the same time, this global shift presents generational opportunities to enhance U.S. competitiveness and economic growth, while also creating well-paying job opportunities for workers. The failure of financial institutions to appropriately and adequately account for and measure these physical and transition risks threatens the competitiveness of U.S. companies and markets, the life savings and pensions of U.S. workers and families, and the ability of U.S. financial institutions to serve communities. In this effort, the Federal Government should lead by example by appropriately prioritizing Federal investments and conducting prudent fiscal management.

1606. §2902 — Purpose

1607. §2903 — Definitions

1608. §2904 — National Climate Program

1609. §2906 — Annual report

1610. §2907 — Contract and grant authority; records and audits

1611. §2908 — Authorization of appropriations

1612. §2921 — Definitions

1613. §2931 — Findings and purpose

1614. §2932 — Committee on Earth and Environmental Sciences

1615. §2933 — United States Global Change Research Program

1616. §2934 — National Global Change Research Plan

1617. §2935 — Budget coordination

1618. §2936 — Scientific assessment

1619. §2938 — Relation to other authorities

1620. §2951 — Findings and purposes

1621. §2952 — International discussions

1622. §2953 — Global Change Research Information Office

1623. §2961 — Study and decision aid

1624. §3001 — Congressional findings and policy

1625. §3002 — Definitions

1626. §3003 — Acceptance of interstate off-track wager

1627. §3004 — Regulation of interstate off-track wagering

1628. §3005 — Liability and damages

1629. §3006 — Civil action

1630. §3007 — Jurisdiction and venue

1631. §3051 — Definitions

1632. §3052 — Recognition of the Horseracing Integrity and Safety Authority

1633. §3053 — Federal Trade Commission oversight

1634. §3054 — Jurisdiction of the Commission and the Horseracing Integrity and Safety Authority

1635. §3055 — Horseracing anti-doping and medication control program

1636. §3056 — Racetrack safety program

1637. §3057 — Rule violations and civil sanctions

1638. §3058 — Review of final decisions of the Authority

1639. §3059 — Unfair or deceptive acts or practices

1640. §3060 — State delegation; cooperation

1641. §3101 — Congressional findings

1642. §3102 — Report to Congressional committees

1643. §3103 — National Employment Conference

1644. §3111 — Congressional statement of purpose

1645. §3112 — Countercyclical employment policies

1646. §3113 — Economic activity coordination

1647. §3114 — Regional and structural employment policies and programs

1648. §3115 — Youth employment policies and programs

1649. §3116 — Job training, counseling and reservoirs of employment projects

1650. §3117 — Capital formation

1651. §3117 — Section 1021(i) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original “section 102(i)” probably meaning section 102 of Pub. L. 95–523 which amended section 2 of the Employment Act of 1946, classified to section 1021 of this title . Subsec. (i) of section 1021 of this title sets out the congressional declaration of policy for private enterprise investments.

1652. §3131 — Congressional statement of purpose

1653. §3132 — Committee review

1654. §3133 — Exercise of rulemaking powers

1655. §3151 — Nondiscrimination

1656. §3152 — Labor standards

1657. §3201 — Purposes; coverage

1658. §3202 — Definitions

1659. §3203 — Adoption of certain standards

1660. §3204 — Special rules for standards

1661. §3205 — Federal participation

1662. §3206 — Gas utility rate design proposals

1663. §3207 — Judicial review and enforcement

1664. §3208 — Relationship to other applicable law

1665. §3209 — Reports respecting standards

1666. §3210 — Prior and pending proceedings

1667. §3211 — Relationship to other authority

1668. §3301 — Definitions

1669. §3301 — Section 6 of the Emergency Natural Gas Act of 1977, referred to in par. (18)(B)(i)(I), is Pub. L. 95–2, § 6 , Feb. 2, 1977 , 91 Stat. 7 , which was formerly set out in a note under section 717 of this title .

1670. §3361 — Declaration of emergency

1671. §3362 — Emergency purchase authority

1672. §3363 — Emergency allocation authority

1673. §3364 — Miscellaneous provisions

1674. §3371 — Authorization of certain sales and transportation

1675. §3372 — Assignment of contractual rights to receive surplus natural gas

1676. §3372 — Section 3(b) of Pub. L. 101–60 provided in part that the amendment by section 3(b)(2) of Pub. L. 101–60 is effective Jan. 1, 1993 .

1677. §3373 — Effect of certain natural gas prices on indefinite price escalator clauses

1678. §3374 — Clauses prohibiting certain sales, transportation, and commingling

1679. §3375 — Filing of contracts and agreements

1680. §3391 — Natural gas for essential agricultural uses

1681. § 3391a. “Essential agricultural use” defined

1682. §3392 — Natural gas for essential industrial process and feedstock uses

1683. §3393 — Establishment and implementation of priorities

1684. §3394 — Limitation on revoking or amending certain pre-1969 certificates of public convenience and necessity

1685. §3411 — General rulemaking authority

1686. §3412 — Administrative procedure

1687. §3414 — Enforcement

1688. §3415 — Intervention

1689. §3416 — Judicial review

1690. §3418 — Applicability of other Federal statutory provisions relating to information-gathering

1691. §3431 — Coordination with the Natural Gas Act

1692. §3432 — Effect on State laws

1693. §3501 — Exclusive territorial licenses to manufacture, distribute, and sell trademarked soft drink products; ultimate resale to consumers; substantial and effective competition

1694. §3502 — Price fixing agreements, horizontal restraints of trade, or group boycotts

1695. §3503 — “Antitrust law” defined

1696. §3601 — Congressional findings and purpose

1697. §3602 — Conversion lending

1698. §3603 — Definitions

1699. §3604 — Exemptions

1700. §3605 — Notice of conversion and opportunity to purchase; responsibility of State and local governments

1701. §3606 — Federal Housing Administration mortgage or loan insurance; expedition of application process and decision

1702. §3607 — Termination of self-dealing contracts

1703. §3608 — Judicial determinations respecting uncon­scionable leases

1704. §3609 — Void lease or contract provisions

1705. §3610 — Relationship of statutory provisions to State and local laws

1706. §3611 — Additional remedies

1707. §3612 — Concurrent State and Federal jurisdiction; venue; removal of cases

1708. §3613 — Limitation of actions

1709. §3614 — Waiver of rights as void

1710. §3615 — Nonexclusion of other statutory rights and remedies

1711. §3616 — Separability

1712. §3701 — Findings

1713. §3701 — Section 1. Principles of the Government-University Partnership . The partnership in science and technology that has evolved between the Federal Government and American universities has yielded benefits that are vital to each. It continues to prove exceptionally productive, successfully promoting the discovery of knowledge, stimulating technological innovation, improving the quality of life, educating and training the next generation of scientists and engineers, and contributing to America’s economic prosperity and national security. In order to reaffirm and strengthen this partnership, this order sets forth the following guiding and operating principles that are fully described in the April 1999 National Science and Technology Council report, “Renewing the Government-University Partnership.” These principles shall provide the framework for the development and analysis of all future Federal policies, rules, and regulations for the Federal Government-University research partnership.

1714. §3702 — Purpose

1715. §3703 — Definitions

1716. §3704 — Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Technology

1717. §3704 — Section 632(p) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(8)(E), was redesignated section 657a(b) of this title by Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(a)(2) , Dec. 12, 2017 , 131 Stat. 1795 .

1718. § 3704a. Clearinghouse for State and Local Initiatives on Productivity, Technology, and Innovation

1719. § 3704b. National Technical Information Service

1720. Section 13(a)(4) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), probably means section 14(a)(4) of the Act, which is classified to section 3710c(a)(4) of this title . Section 13 of the Act was renumbered section 14 by Pub. L. 100–418, title V, § 5122(a)(1) , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1438 .

1721. §3705 — Cooperative Research Centers

1722. §3706 — Grants and cooperative agreements

1723. §3707 — National Science Foundation Cooperative Research Centers

1724. §3708 — Administrative arrangements

1725. §3710 — Section 1. Transfer of Federally Funded Technology.

1726. §3710 — Utilization of Federal technology

1727. § 3710a. Cooperative research and development agreements

1728. Section 203(2) of title 35 , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(C), was redesignated section 203(b) of title 35 by Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title III, § 13206(a)(14)(A)(i) , Nov. 2, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1905 .

1729. Section 3133(d) of Pub. L. 101–189 , as amended by Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title VIII, § 828(a) , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1607 , provided that: “(1) Not later than 150 days after the date of enactment of this Act [ Nov. 29, 1989 ], each agency which has contracted with a non-Federal entity to operate a Government-owned laboratory shall propose for inclusion in that laboratory’s operating contract, to the extent not already included and subject to paragraph (6), appropriate contract provisions that— “(A) establish technology transfer, including cooperative research and development agreements, as a mission for the laboratory under section 11(a)(1) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 [ 15 U.S.C. 3710(a)(1) ]; “(B) describe the respective obligations and responsibilities of the agency and the laboratory with respect to this part [part C (§§ 3131–3133) of title XXXI of div. C of Pub. L. 101–189 , see Short Title of 1989 Amendment note under section 3701 of this title ] and section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 [ 15 U.S.C. 3710a ]; “(C) require that, except as provided in paragraph (2), no employee of the laboratory shall have a substantial role (including an advisory role) in the preparation, negotiation, or approval of a cooperative research and development agreement if, to such employee’s knowledge— “(i) such employee, or the spouse, child, parent, sibling, or partner of such employee, or an organization (other than the laboratory) in which such employee serves as an officer, director, trustee, partner, or employee— “(I) holds a financial interest in any entity, other than the laboratory, that has a substantial interest in the preparation, negotiation, or approval of the cooperative research and development agreement; or “(II) receives a gift or gratuity from any entity, other than the laboratory, that has a substantial interest in the preparation, negotiation, or approval of the cooperative research and development agreement; or “(ii) a financial interest in any entity, other than the laboratory, that has a substantial interest in the preparation, negotiation, or approval of the cooperative research and development agreement, is held by any person or organization with whom such employee is negotiating or has any arrangement concerning prospective employment; “(D) require that each employee of the laboratory who negotiates or approves a cooperative research and development agreement shall certify to the agency that the circumstances described in subparagraph (C)(i) and (ii) do not apply to such employee; “(E) require the laboratory to widely disseminate information on opportunities to participate with the laboratory in technology transfer, including cooperative research and development agreements; and “(F) provides for an accounting of all royalty or other income received under cooperative research and development agreements. “(2) The requirements described in paragraph (1)(C) and (D) shall not apply in a case where the negotiating or approving employee advises the agency that reviewed the applicable joint work statement under section 12(c)(5)(C)(i) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 [ 15 U.S.C. 3710a(c)(5)(C)(i) ] in advance of the matter in which he is to participate and the nature of any financial interest described in paragraph (1)(C), and where the agency employee determines that such financial interest is not so substantial as to be considered likely to affect the integrity of the laboratory employee’s service in that matter. “(3) Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act [ Nov. 29, 1989 ], each agency which has contracted with a non-Federal entity to operate a Government-owned laboratory shall submit a report to the Congress which includes a copy of each contract provision amended pursuant to this subsection. “(4) No Government-owned, contractor-operated laboratory may enter into a cooperative research and development agreement under section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 [ 15 U.S.C. 3710a ] unless— “(A) that laboratory’s operating contract contains the provisions described in paragraph (1)(A) through (F); or “(B) such laboratory agrees in a separate writing to be bound by the provisions described in paragraph (1)(A) through (F). “(5) Any contract for a Government-owned, contractor-operated laboratory entered into after the expiration of 150 days after the date of enactment of this Act [ Nov. 29, 1989 ] shall contain the provisions described in paragraph (1)(A) through (F). “(6) Contract provisions referred to in paragraph (1) shall include only such provisions as are necessary to carry out paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subsection.”

1730. § 3710b. Rewards for scientific, engineering, and technical personnel of Federal agencies

1731. § 3710c. Distribution of royalties received by Federal agencies

1732. Section 202(b)(3) of title 35 , referred to in subsec. (c), was struck out and section 202(b)(4) was redesignated section 202(b)(3) by Pub. L. 111–8, div. G, title I, § 1301(h) , Mar. 11, 2009 , 123 Stat. 829 .

1733. § 3710d. Employee activities

1734. §3711 — National Technology and Innovation Medal

1735. § 3711a. Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award

1736. § 3711b. Conference on advanced automotive technologies

1737. § 3711c. Advanced motor vehicle research award

1738. §3712 — Personnel exchanges

1739. §3713 — Authorization of appropriations

1740. §3714 — Spending authority

1741. §3715 — Section 1141(a) of title 20 , referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–244, § 3 , title I, § 101(b), title VII, § 702, Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1585 , 1616, 1803, effective Oct. 1, 1998 . However, the term “institution of higher education” is defined in section 1001 of Title 20 , Education.

1742. §3715 — Use of partnership intermediaries

1743. §3716 — Critical industries

1744. §3717 — National Quality Council

1745. §3718 — President’s Council on Innovation and Competitiveness

1746. §3719 — Prize competitions

1747. §3720 — Office of Innovation and Entrepreneurship

1748. §3721 — Federal loan guarantees for innovative technologies in manufacturing

1749. §3722 — Regional innovation program

1750. § 3722a. Regional Technology and Innovation Hub Program

1751. Section 308 of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (a)(6)(A), is section 308 of Pub. L. 101–73 , which is set out as a note under section 1463 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

1752. Section 3722(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(4), was in the original “section 27(a) of the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980” and was translated as reading “section 27(a) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1753. § 3722b. Distressed area Recompete Pilot Program

1754. §3723 — STEM apprenticeship programs

1755. §3724 — Crowdsourcing and citizen science

1756. §3801 — Congressional statement of findings and declaration of policy

1757. §3802 — Definitions

1758. §3803 — Duties of Secretary of Energy

1759. §3803 — Section 3808 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(4), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1051(p) , Dec. 21, 1995 , 109 Stat. 717 .

1760. §3804 — Coordination with other Federal departments and agencies

1761. §3805 — Research and development activities

1762. §3806 — Demonstrations

1763. §3807 — Use of methane-fueled vehicles by Federal agencies and departments

1764. §3809 — Authorization of appropriations; required funding

1765. §3810 — Relationship to other laws

1766. §3901 — Definitions

1767. §3902 — Risk retention groups

1768. §3903 — Purchasing groups

1769. §3904 — Securities laws

1770. §3905 — Clarification concerning permissible State authority

1771. §3906 — Injunctive orders issued by United States district courts

1772. §4001 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

1773. §4002 — Definitions

1774. §4003 — Office of Export Trade in Department of Commerce

1775. §4011 — Export trade promotion duties of Secretary of Commerce

1776. §4012 — Application for issuance of certificate of review

1777. §4013 — Issuance of certificate

1778. §4014 — Reporting requirement; amendment of certificate; revocation

1779. §4015 — Judicial review; admissibility

1780. §4016 — Protection conferred by certificate of review

1781. §4017 — Guidelines

1782. §4017 — Section 553 of title 5 shall not apply to the issuance of guidelines under subsection (a).

1783. §4018 — Annual reports

1784. §4019 — Disclosure of information

1785. §4020 — Rules and regulations

1786. §4021 — Definitions

1787. §4051 — Requirement of prior authorization

1788. §4052 — Authorization of appropriations

1789. §4053 — Barter arrangements

1790. §4101 — Congressional findings and declaration of purposes

1791. §4101 — Section 1. Establishment of Arctic Research Commission . There is established the Arctic Research Commission.

1792. §4101 — Section 1. Policy . The Arctic has critical long-term strategic, ecological, cultural, and economic value, and it is imperative that we continue to protect our national interests in the region, which include: national defense; sovereign rights and responsibilities; maritime safety; energy and economic benefits; environmental stewardship; promotion of science and research; and preservation of the rights, freedoms, and uses of the sea as reflected in international law.

1793. §4101 — Section 1. Purpose . As recognized in Executive Order 13689 of January 21, 2015 , (Enhancing Coordination of National Efforts in the Arctic) [set out above], Arctic environmental stewardship is in the national interest. In furtherance of this principle, and as articulated in the March 10, 2016 , U.S.-Canada Joint Statement on Climate, Energy, and Arctic Leadership, the United States has resolved to confront the challenges of a changing Arctic by working to conserve Arctic biodiversity; support and engage Alaska Native tribes; incorporate traditional knowledge into decisionmaking; and build a sustainable Arctic economy that relies on the highest safety and environmental standards, including adherence to national climate goals. The United States is committed to achieving these goals in partnership with indigenous communities and through science-based decisionmaking. This order carries forth that vision in the northern Bering Sea region.

1794. §4102 — Arctic Research Commission

1795. §4103 — Duties of Commission; publication of guidelines; report to Congress

1796. §4104 — Cooperation with Commission

1797. §4105 — Administration

1798. §4106 — Implementation of Arctic research policy

1799. §4107 — Duties of Interagency Committee; report to Congress

1800. §4108 — Arctic research plan

1801. §4109 — Coordination and review of budget requests; Office of Science and Technology Policy; Office of Management and Budget

1802. §4110 — Authorization of appropriations; new spending authority

1803. §4111 — “Arctic” defined

1804. §4112 — Annual agency budget and spending report

1805. §4301 — Definitions

1806. §4301 — Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995, referred to in subsec. (a)(9), is section 12(d) of Pub. L. 104–113 , which is set out as a note under section 272 of this title .

1807. §4302 — Rule of reason standard

1808. §4303 — Limitation on recovery

1809. §4304 — Award of costs, including attorney’s fees, to substantially prevailing party; offset

1810. §4305 — Disclosure of joint venture

1811. §4306 — Application of section 4303 protections to production of products, processes, and services

1812. §4401 — Public education

1813. §4402 — Smokeless tobacco warning

1814. §4403 — Ingredient reporting

1815. §4404 — Enforcement, regulations, and construction

1816. §4405 — Injunctions

1817. §4406 — Preemption

1818. §4408 — Definitions

1819. §4501 — Restitutionary amounts covered

1820. §4501 — Section 155 of Public Law 97–377 , referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 155 of Pub. L. 97–377 , title I, Dec. 21, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1919 , which is not classified to the Code.

1821. §4502 — Identification and disbursement of restitutionary amounts

1822. §4503 — Deposit of remainder of excess amount into Treasury as indirect restitution

1823. §4503 — Section 4502(c) and (d) of this title, referred to in text, was repealed by section 4502(e) of this title .

1824. §4504 — Statute of limitation

1825. §4505 — Reports

1826. §4505 — Section 155 of Public Law 97–377 , referred to in subsecs. (a)(2), (b), is section 155 of Pub. L. 97–377 , title I, Dec. 21, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1919 , which is not classified to the Code.

1827. §4505 — Section 4502(c) and (d) of this title, referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by section 4502(e) of this title .

1828. §4506 — Section 4502(d) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by section 4502(e) of this title .

1829. §4506 — Termination

1830. §4507 — Definitions

1831. §4601 — Findings, purposes, and definitions

1832. §4602 — Grants to Sematech

1833. §4602 — Section 719 of the Defense Production Act of 1950, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 719 of act Sept. 8, 1950, ch. 932, title VII , as added Pub. L. 91–379, title I, § 103 , Aug. 15, 1970 , 84 Stat. 796 , which was formerly classified to section 2168 of the former Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 100–679, § 5(b) , Nov. 17, 1988 , 102 Stat. 4063 .

1834. §4603 — Section 1013 of title 5 shall not apply to the Council.

1835. §4603 — Semiconductor Technology Council

1836. § 4603a. Study and report by Semiconductor Technology Council

1837. §4605 — Export of semiconductor manufacturing

1838. §4606 — Protection of information

1839. §4606 — Section 552 of title 5 shall not apply to information obtained by the Federal Government on a confidential basis under section 4602(b)(5) of this title .

1840. §4621 — Findings

1841. §4622 — Establishment of semiconductor manufacturing technology research initiative

1842. §4623 — Participation of national laboratories of Department of Energy

1843. §4624 — Personnel exchanges

1844. §4625 — Other Department of Energy resources

1845. §4626 — Budgeting for semiconductor manufacturing technology research

1846. §4627 — Cost-sharing agreements

1847. §4628 — Department of Energy oversight of cooperative agreements relating to Initiative

1848. §4629 — Avoidance of duplication

1849. §4630 — Authorization of appropriations

1850. §4631 — Technology transfer

1851. §4632 — Semiconductor research and development

1852. §4651 — Definitions

1853. §4651 — Sec. 2. Implementation Priorities . In implementing the Act, all agencies (as described in section 3502(1) of title 44 , United States Code, except for the agencies described in section 3502(5) of title 44 ) shall, as appropriate and to the extent consistent with law, prioritize:

1854. §4651 — Sec. 3. CHIPS Implementation Steering Council . (a) There is established within the Executive Office of the President the CHIPS Implementation Steering Council (Steering Council). The function of the Steering Council is to coordinate policy development to ensure the effective implementation of the Act within the executive branch.

1855. §4651 — Sec. 4. Effective and Efficient Stewardship and Oversight of Taxpayer Resources . The Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall take appropriate actions to promote and monitor, with respect to execution of the Act, the effective and efficient stewardship and oversight of taxpayer resources, in collaboration with the Steering Council and the heads of agencies responsible for implementing the Act.

1856. §4651 — Sec. 5. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1857. §4651 — Section 1. Background . The Act, known as the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) Act of 2022 [div. A of Pub. L. 117–167 ], will make transformative investments to restore and advance our Nation’s leadership in the research, development, and manufacturing of semiconductors. These investments will strengthen our Nation’s manufacturing and industrial base; create well-paying, high-skilled jobs in construction, manufacturing, and maintenance; catalyze regional economic development throughout the country; bolster United States technology leadership; and reduce our dependence on critical technologies from China and other vulnerable or overly concentrated foreign supply chains.

1858. §4651 — Section 2533c of title 10 , referred to par. (8)(C), was renumbered section 4872 of title 10 by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1870(d)(2) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4286 , as amended by Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(t)(2)(B) , (C), Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat. 2150 .

1859. §4652 — Section 3212 of title 42 shall apply to a construction project that receives financial assistance from the Secretary under this section.

1860. §4652 — Semiconductor incentives

1861. §4653 — Department of Defense

1862. §4653 — Section 224 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(E), is section 224 of Pub. L. 116–92 , which is set out as a note preceding section 4501 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

1863. §4653 — Section 2371 of title 10 , referred to in subsec. (a)(4), was renumbered section 4021 of Title 10 , Armed Forces, by Pub. L. 116–283, § 1841(b)(1) , as amended by Pub. L. 117–81, § 1701(u)(2)(B) , Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat. 2151 .

1864. §4654 — Department of Commerce study on status of microelectronics technologies in the United States industrial base

1865. §4655 — Funding for development and adoption of measurably secure semiconductors and measurably secure semiconductors supply chains

1866. §4656 — Advanced microelectronics research and development

1867. §4656 — Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is section 14 of Pub. L. 92–463 , which was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and was repealed and restated as section 1013 of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286 , §§ 3(a), 7, Dec. 27, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4204 , 4361.

1868. §4656 — Section 231(b)(15) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (as added by section 276 of this Act), referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(A)(ii)(IV), is section 231(b)(15) of Pub. L. 114–328 , as added by section 276 of Pub. L. 116–283 , which is set out in a note under section 2302 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

1869. §4656 — Section 3212 of title 42 shall apply to a construction project that receives financial assistance under this section.

1870. §4657 — Prohibition relating to foreign entities of concern

1871. §4658 — Defense Production Act of 1950 efforts

1872. §4659 — Additional authorities

1873. §4712 — Barter and countertrade

1874. §4721 — United States and Foreign Commercial Service

1875. § 4721a. State trade coordination

1876. §4722 — Transferred

1877. §4723 — Market Development Cooperator Program

1878. § 4723a. United States Commercial Centers

1879. §4724 — Trade shows

1880. §4725 — United States and Foreign Commercial Service Pacific Rim initiative

1881. §4726 — Indian tribes export promotion

1882. §4727 — Section 1. Establishment . The Office of Trade and Manufacturing Policy (OTMP) is hereby established within the White House Office. The OTMP shall consist of a Director selected by the President and such staff as deemed necessary by the Assistant to the President and Chief of Staff.

1883. §4727 — Section 1. Establishment . There is established the “Trade Promotion Coordinating Committee” (“TPCC”). The Committee shall comprise representatives of each of the following:

1884. §4727 — Section 1. Policy . Executive Order 13534 of March 11, 2010 , created the National Export Initiative (NEI), which provides unprecedented Federal support for exports of goods and services by American businesses. Executive Order 13534 also established the Export Promotion Cabinet to develop and coordinate the implementation of the eight priorities of the NEI, which include, but are not limited to, improving advocacy and trade promotion efforts on behalf of U.S. exporters, increasing access to export financing, and removing barriers to trade and enforcing U.S. trade laws and agreements. As part of these responsibilities, the Export Promotion Cabinet, in coordination with the Advocacy Center at the Department of Commerce, is focused on ensuring that the Federal Government’s commercial advocacy effectively promotes exports by U.S. businesses, particularly by those firms competing for international contracts against foreign firms that may benefit from strong home government support. The creation of a new whole-of-government commercial advocacy task force that will provide enhanced Federal support for U.S. businesses competing for international contracts, coordinate the efforts of executive branch leadership in engaging their foreign counterparts on commercial advocacy issues, and increase the availability of information to the U.S. business community about these kinds of export opportunities, will ensure that U.S. exporters have more support for selling their goods and services in global markets.

1885. §4727 — Section 1. Policy . The United States recognizes that Africa is a region of growing economic opportunity and innovation and aims to expand a trade and investment partnership that is grounded in shared interests and mutual responsibility. Africa offers a diverse and broad range of trade and investment opportunities in national and regional markets. The U.S. Government will encourage U.S. companies to seize the trade and investment opportunities offered by Africa’s national and regional markets and help drive inclusive and sustained economic growth and the region’s economic expansion, while also creating jobs here in the United States.

1886. §4727 — Section 1. Policy . The economic and financial crisis has led to the loss of millions of U.S. jobs, and while the economy is beginning to show signs of recovery, millions of Americans remain unemployed or underemployed. Creating jobs in the United States and ensuring a return to sustainable economic growth is the top priority for my Administration. A critical component of stimulating economic growth in the United States is ensuring that U.S. businesses can actively participate in international markets by increasing their exports of goods, services, and agricultural products. Improved export performance will, in turn, create good high-paying jobs.

1887. §4727 — Trade Promotion Coordinating Committee

1888. § 4727a. Implementation of primary objectives of TPCC

1889. §4728 — Environmental trade promotion

1890. §4728 — Section 204(b) of Pub. L. 102–429 directed that, not later than 1 year after Oct. 21, 1992 , chairperson of Trade Promotion Coordinating Committee, after consultation with appropriate departments and agencies of the United States Government, submit a report to Congress that analyzes (1) the extent to which Federal investment insurance and export financing programs sufficiently protect against business failures or default on obligations arising from changes by a foreign government in its environmental laws or regulations, and (2) the advisability and feasibility of expanding coverage of such programs, or creating new programs, to address such risks.

1891. §4728 — Section 4721 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(D), was amended, and section 4721(i)(5) does not define “States”. However, such term is defined elsewhere in that section.

1892. § 4728a. State and Federal Export Promotion Coordination Working Group

1893. §4729 — Report on export policy

1894. §4801 — Findings and purpose

1895. §4802 — Council established

1896. §4803 — Duties of Council

1897. §4804 — Membership

1898. §4805 — Executive Director and staff

1899. §4806 — Powers of Council

1900. §4807 — Annual report

1901. §4808 — Authorization of appropriations

1902. §4809 — Definitions

1903. §4901 — Definitions

1904. §4901 — Section 4906 of this title , referred to in par. (4), was in the original “section 3816”, meaning section 3816 of Pub. L. 100–418 , and was translated as if it read section 5406 of Pub. L. 100–418 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because section 3816 was the provision which established the Data Bank in a predecessor version of H.R. 4848 (which became Pub. L. 100–418 ), Pub. L. 100–418 does not contain a section 3816, and section 5406 of Pub. L. 100–418 is the provision establishing the Data Bank.

1905. §4902 — Interagency Trade Data Advisory Committee

1906. §4903 — Functions of Committee

1907. §4904 — Consultation with private sector and government officials

1908. §4905 — Cooperation among executive agencies

1909. §4906 — Establishment of Data Bank

1910. §4907 — Operation of Data Bank

1911. §4908 — Information on service sector

1912. §4909 — Exclusion of information

1913. §4910 — Nonduplication

1914. §4911 — Collection of data

1915. §4912 — Fees and access

1916. §5001 — Penalties for entering into commerce of imitation firearms

1917. §5101 — Findings and purposes

1918. §5101 — Title II of the Interior and Related Agencies portion of the joint resolution entitled “Joint Resolution making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 1986, and for other purposes”, approved December 19, 1985 ( Public Law 99–190 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is Pub. L. 99–190, § 101(d) [title II] , Dec. 19, 1985 , 99 Stat. 1224 , 1244. The provisions relating to steel research and development are not classified to the Code.

1919. §5102 — Definitions

1920. §5103 — Establishment of scientific research and development program to develop competitive manufacturing technologies and increase energy efficiency in steel and aluminum industries

1921. §5104 — Protection of proprietary rights

1922. §5105 — Coordination

1923. §5107 — Reports

1924. §5108 — Authorization of appropriations

1925. §5109 — Relation of existing program

1926. §5110 — Drug-free workplace

1927. §5201 — Findings and purposes

1928. §5202 — National Action Plan on Advanced Superconductivity Research and Development

1929. §5203 — Department of Energy

1930. §5204 — National Institute of Standards and Technology

1931. §5205 — National Science Foundation

1932. §5206 — National Aeronautics and Space Administration

1933. §5207 — Department of Defense

1934. §5208 — International cooperation

1935. §5209 — Technology transfer

1936. §5301 — Findings

1937. §5302 — Definitions

1938. §5303 — Establishment of program

1939. §5304 — Operation of program

1940. §5305 — Review

1941. §5306 — Industrial Advisory Board

1942. §5307 — Authorization of appropriations

1943. §5308 — Protection of proprietary rights

1944. §5401 — Findings

1945. §5402 — Definitions

1946. §5403 — Sale of fasteners

1947. §5407 — Manufacturers’ insignias

1948. §5408 — Remedies and penalties

1949. §5409 — Recordkeeping requirements

1950. §5410 — Relationship to State laws

1951. §5411 — Construction

1952. § 5411a. Certification and accreditation

1953. § 5411b. Applicability

1954. §5501 — Findings

1955. §5501 — Section 1. Policy . In order to maximize the benefits of HPC for economic competitiveness and scientific discovery, the United States Government must create a coordinated Federal strategy in HPC research, development, and deployment. Investment in HPC has contributed substantially to national economic prosperity and rapidly accelerated scientific discovery. Creating and deploying technology at the leading edge is vital to advancing my Administration’s priorities and spurring innovation. Accordingly, this order establishes the National Strategic Computing Initiative (NSCI). The NSCI is a whole-of-government effort designed to create a cohesive, multi-agency strategic vision and Federal investment strategy, executed in collaboration with industry and academia, to maximize the benefits of HPC for the United States.

1956. §5502 — Purposes

1957. §5503 — Definitions

1958. §5511 — Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program

1959. §5511 — Section 1. Establishment . There is established the “President’s Information Technology Advisory Committee” (“Committee”). The Committee shall consist of not more than 30 nonfederal members appointed by the President, including representatives of the research, education, and library communities, network providers, and representatives from critical industries. Members appointed prior to June 1, 2001 , shall serve until December 1, 2001 , unless reappointed by the President. Members appointed or reappointed on or after June 1, 2001 , shall serve for no more than 2 years from the date of their appointment, unless their period of service is extended by the President. The President shall designate two co-chairs from among the members of the Committee. A co-chair may serve for a term of 2 years or until the end of his or her service as a member of the Committee, whichever is the shorter period.

1960. §5512 — Grand Challenges in areas of national importance

1961. §5521 — National Science Foundation activities

1962. §5522 — National Aeronautics and Space Administration activities

1963. §5523 — Department of Energy activities

1964. §5524 — Department of Commerce activities

1965. §5527 — Miscellaneous provisions

1966. §5541 — Definitions

1967. §5542 — Department of Energy high-end computing research and development program

1968. §5544 — Transferred

1969. §5601 — Transferred

1970. §5701 — Short title; findings

1971. §5711 — Federal Trade Commission regulations

1972. §5712 — Actions by States

1973. §5713 — Administration and applicability of subchapter

1974. §5714 — Definitions

1975. §5721 — Regulations

1976. §5722 — Relation to State laws

1977. §5723 — Enforcement

1978. §5724 — Definitions

1979. §5801 — Transferred

1980. §5901 — Findings

1981. §5902 — State reciprocity of weapons licenses issued to armored car company crew members

1982. §5903 — Relation to other laws

1983. §5904 — Definitions

1984. §6001 — Establishment of program

1985. §6002 — Purposes for grants

1986. §6003 — Report to Congress

1987. §6004 — Section 30(d) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, referred to in subsec. (c), was classified to section 2079(d) of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–314, title II, § 237 , Aug. 14, 2008 , 122 Stat. 3076 .

1988. §6004 — Standards

1989. §6005 — Authorization of appropriations

1990. §6006 — “Approved bicycle helmet” defined

1991. §6101 — Findings

1992. §6102 — Telemarketing rules

1993. §6103 — Actions by States

1994. §6104 — Actions by private persons

1995. §6105 — Administration and applicability of chapter

1996. §6106 — Definitions

1997. §6107 — Enforcement of orders

1998. §6108 — Review

1999. §6151 — National Do-Not-Call Registry

2000. §6152 — Telemarketing Sales Rule; do-not-call registry fees

2001. §6153 — Federal Communications Commission do-not-call regulations

2002. §6154 — Reporting requirements

2003. §6155 — Prohibition of expiration date

2004. §6201 — Disclosure to foreign antitrust authority of antitrust evidence

2005. §6202 — Investigations to assist foreign antitrust authority in obtaining antitrust evidence

2006. §6203 — Jurisdiction of district courts of United States

2007. §6204 — Limitations on authority

2008. §6205 — Exception to certain disclosure restrictions

2009. §6205 — Section 1313 of this title , and sections 46(f) and 57b–2 of this title, shall not apply to prevent the Attorney General or the Commission from providing to a foreign antitrust authority antitrust evidence in accordance with an antitrust mutual assistance agreement in effect under this chapter and in accordance with the other requirements of this chapter.

2010. §6206 — Publication requirements applicable to antitrust mutual assistance agreements

2011. §6207 — Conditions on use of antitrust mutual assistance agreements

2012. §6208 — Limitations on judicial review

2013. §6209 — Preservation of existing authority

2014. §6210 — Report to Congress

2015. §6211 — Definitions

2016. §6212 — Authority to receive reimbursement

2017. §6301 — Definitions

2018. §6302 — Purposes

2019. §6303 — Boxing matches in States without boxing commissions

2020. §6304 — Safety standards

2021. §6305 — Registration

2022. §6306 — Review

2023. §6307 — Reporting

2024. § 6307a. Contract requirements

2025. § 6307b. Protection from coercive contracts

2026. § 6307c. Sanctioning organizations

2027. § 6307d. Required disclosures to State boxing commissions by sanctioning organizations

2028. § 6307e. Required disclosures for promoters

2029. § 6307f. Required disclosures for judges and referees

2030. § 6307g. Confidentiality

2031. § 6307h. Judges and referees

2032. §6308 — Conflicts of interest

2033. §6309 — Enforcement

2034. §6310 — Notification of supervising boxing commission

2035. §6311 — Studies

2036. §6312 — Professional boxing matches conducted on Indian reservations

2037. §6313 — Relationship with State law

2038. §6401 — Findings

2039. §6402 — Definitions

2040. §6403 — Referenda

2041. §6404 — Propane Education and Research Council

2042. §6405 — Assessments

2043. §6406 — Compliance

2044. §6407 — Lobbying restrictions

2045. §6408 — Market survey and consumer protection

2046. §6409 — Pricing

2047. §6410 — Relation to other programs

2048. §6411 — Reports

2049. §6501 — Definitions

2050. §6502 — Regulation of unfair and deceptive acts and practices in connection with collection and use of personal information from and about children on the Internet

2051. §6503 — Safe harbors

2052. §6504 — Actions by States

2053. §6505 — Administration and applicability

2054. §6505 — Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(B), which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, Banks and Banking, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 . Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12.

2055. §6506 — Review

2056. §6551 — Internet safety

2057. §6552 — Public awareness campaign

2058. §6553 — Annual reports

2059. §6553 — Section 6552 of this title , referred to in text, was in the original “section 103” and was translated as reading “section 212”, meaning section 212 of Pub. L. 110–385 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress. See sections 102 and 103 of S. 1965 (110th Cong., 2d Sess.) as passed by the Senate on May 22, 2008 .

2060. §6554 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the working group.

2061. §6554 — Online Safety and Technology working group

2062. §6554 — Section 13032 of title 42 , referred to in the original in subsec. (a)(2), probably should have been a reference to section 227 of Pub. L. 101–647 , which was classified to section 13032 of title 42 , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–401, title V, § 501(b)(1) , Oct. 13, 2008 , 122 Stat. 4251 .

2063. §6555 — Definitions

2064. §6601 — Findings and purposes

2065. §6602 — Definitions

2066. §6603 — Application of chapter

2067. §6604 — Punitive damages limitations

2068. §6605 — Proportionate liability

2069. §6606 — Prelitigation notice

2070. §6606 — Section 3(7) of the Year 2000 Information and Readiness Disclosure Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is section 3(7) of Pub. L. 105–271 , which was formerly set out in a note under section 1 of this title .

2071. §6607 — Pleading requirements

2072. §6608 — Duty to mitigate

2073. §6609 — Application of existing impossibility or commercial impracticability doctrines

2074. §6610 — Damages limitation by contract

2075. §6611 — Damages in tort claims

2076. §6612 — Section 4 of the Year 2000 Information and Readiness Disclosure Act, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 4 of Pub. L. 105–271 , which was formerly set out in a note under section 1 of this title .

2077. §6612 — State of mind; bystander liability; control

2078. §6613 — Appointment of special masters or magistrate judges for Y2K actions

2079. §6614 — Y2K actions as class actions

2080. §6615 — Applicability of State law

2081. §6616 — Admissible evidence ultimate issue in State courts

2082. §6617 — Suspension of penalties for certain year 2000 failures by small business concerns

2083. §6701 — Operation of State law

2084. §6701 — Section 106 of the Bank Holding Company Act Amendments of 1970, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(B)(viii)(I), is Pub. L. 91–607, title I, § 106 , Dec. 31, 1970 , 84 Stat. 1766 , which is classified generally to chapter 22 (§ 1971 et seq.) of Title 12, Banks and Banking.

2085. §6711 — Functional regulation of insurance

2086. §6712 — Insurance underwriting in national banks

2087. §6713 — Title insurance activities of national banks and their affiliates

2088. §6714 — Expedited and equalized dispute resolution for Federal regulators

2089. §6715 — Certain State affiliation laws preempted for insurance companies and affiliates

2090. §6716 — Interagency consultation

2091. §6717 — Definition of State

2092. §6731 — General application

2093. §6732 — Redomestication of mutual insurers

2094. §6733 — Effect on State laws restricting redomestication

2095. §6734 — Other provisions

2096. §6735 — Definitions

2097. §6751 — National Association of Registered Agents and Brokers

2098. §6752 — Purpose

2099. §6753 — Membership

2100. §6754 — Board of directors

2101. §6755 — Bylaws, standards, and disciplinary actions

2102. §6756 — Powers

2103. §6757 — Report by the Association

2104. §6758 — Liability of the Association and the Board members, officers, and employees of the Association

2105. §6759 — Presidential oversight

2106. §6760 — Relationship to State law

2107. §6761 — Coordination with Financial Industry Regulatory Authority

2108. §6762 — Right of action

2109. §6763 — Federal funding prohibited

2110. §6764 — Definitions

2111. §6781 — Standard of regulation for motor vehicle rentals

2112. §6801 — Protection of nonpublic personal information

2113. §6802 — Chapter 2 of title I of Public Law 91–508 , referred to in subsec. (e)(5), is chapter 2 (§§ 121–129) of title I of Pub. L. 91–508 , Oct. 26, 1970 , 84 Stat. 1116 , which is classified generally to chapter 21 (§ 1951 et seq.) of Title 12, Banks and Banking. For complete classification of chapter 2 to the Code, see Tables.

2114. §6802 — Obligations with respect to disclosures of personal information

2115. §6803 — Disclosure of institution privacy policy

2116. §6804 — Rulemaking

2117. §6805 — Enforcement

2118. §6805 — Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(B), is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. Section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12.

2119. §6806 — Relation to other provisions

2120. §6807 — Relation to State laws

2121. §6808 — Study of information sharing among financial affiliates

2122. §6809 — Definitions

2123. §6821 — Privacy protection for customer information of financial institutions

2124. §6822 — Administrative enforcement

2125. §6822 — Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A)(ii), is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. Section 25A of the Federal Reserve Act is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12.

2126. §6823 — Criminal penalty

2127. §6824 — Relation to State laws

2128. §6825 — Agency guidance

2129. §6826 — Reports

2130. §6827 — Definitions

2131. §6851 — Civil action relating to disclosure of intimate images

2132. §6901 — Definitions

2133. §6902 — Establishment of program

2134. §6903 — Uses of assistance

2135. §6904 — Qualified organizations

2136. §6905 — Allocation of assistance; subgrants

2137. §6906 — Matching requirements

2138. §6907 — Applications for assistance

2139. §6908 — Recordkeeping

2140. §6909 — Authorization

2141. §6910 — Implementation

2142. §7001 — General rule of validity

2143. §7002 — Exemption to preemption

2144. §7003 — Specific exceptions

2145. §7004 — Applicability to Federal and State governments

2146. §7005 — Studies

2147. §7006 — Definitions

2148. §7021 — Transferable records

2149. §7031 — Principles governing the use of electronic signatures in international transactions

2150. §7101 — Establishment of the Interagency Committee

2151. §7102 — Duties of the Interagency Committee

2152. §7103 — Membership of the Interagency Committee

2153. §7104 — Reports from the Interagency Committee

2154. §7105 — Establishment of the National Women’s Business Council

2155. §7106 — Duties of the Council

2156. §7107 — Membership of the Council

2157. §7108 — Definitions

2158. §7109 — Studies and other research

2159. §7110 — Authorization of appropriations

2160. §7201 — Definitions

2161. §7201 — Title II, referred to in par. (10)(B), means title II of Pub. L. 107–204 , July 30, 2002 , 116 Stat. 771 , which enacted subchapter II of this chapter and amended sections 78c, 78j–1, 78 l and 78q of this title. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see Tables.

2162. §7202 — Commission rules and enforcement

2163. §7211 — Establishment; administrative provisions

2164. §7212 — Registration with the Board

2165. §7213 — Auditing, quality control, and independence standards and rules

2166. §7213 — Title II of this Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is title II of Pub. L. 107–204 , July 30, 2002 , 116 Stat. 771 , which enacted subchapter II of this chapter and amended sections 78c, 78j–1, 78 l , and 78q of this title. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see Tables.

2167. §7214 — Inspections of registered public accounting firms

2168. § 7214a. Additional disclosure

2169. Section 2 of this Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(4) and (b), means section 2 of Pub. L. 116–222 .

2170. §7215 — Investigations and disciplinary proceedings

2171. §7216 — Foreign public accounting firms

2172. §7217 — Commission oversight of the Board

2173. §7218 — Accounting standards

2174. §7219 — Funding

2175. §7220 — Definitions

2176. §7220 — Section 77s(b) of this title , as amended by this Act, referred to in par. (5)(A)(i), means section 77s(b) of this title , as amended by Pub. L. 107–204 .

2177. §7220 — Title II, referred to in par. (5)(B), means title II of Pub. L. 107–204 , July 30, 2002 , 116 Stat. 771 , which enacted subchapter II of this chapter and amended sections 78c, 78j–1, 78 l and 78q of this title. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see Tables.

2178. §7231 — Exemption authority

2179. §7232 — Study of mandatory rotation of registered public accounting firms

2180. §7233 — Commission authority

2181. §7234 — Considerations by appropriate State regulatory authorities

2182. §7241 — Corporate responsibility for financial reports

2183. §7242 — Improper influence on conduct of audits

2184. §7243 — Forfeiture of certain bonuses and profits

2185. §7244 — Insider trades during pension fund blackout periods

2186. §7245 — Rules of professional responsibility for attorneys

2187. §7246 — Fair funds for investors

2188. §7261 — Disclosures in periodic reports

2189. §7262 — Management assessment of internal controls

2190. §7263 — Exemption

2191. §7264 — Code of ethics for senior financial officers

2192. §7265 — Disclosure of audit committee financial expert

2193. §7266 — Enhanced review of periodic disclosures by issuers

2194. §7301 — National Construction Safety Teams

2195. §7302 — Composition of Teams

2196. §7303 — Authorities

2197. §7304 — Briefings, hearings, witnesses, and subpoenas

2198. §7305 — Additional powers

2199. §7306 — Disclosure of information

2200. §7307 — National Construction Safety Team report

2201. §7308 — National Institute of Standards and Technology actions

2202. §7309 — National Institute of Standards and Technology annual report

2203. §7310 — Advisory committee

2204. §7310 — Section 1013 of title 5 shall not apply to the advisory committee established under this section.

2205. §7311 — Additional applicability

2206. §7312 — Construction

2207. §7313 — Authorization of appropriations

2208. §7401 — Findings

2209. §7402 — Definitions

2210. §7403 — National Science Foundation research

2211. §7404 — National Science Foundation computer and network security programs

2212. §7405 — Consultation

2213. §7406 — National Institute of Standards and Technology programs

2214. §7407 — Authorization of appropriations

2215. §7407 — Section 278g–3 of this title , referred to in par. (2), was amended by Pub. L. 107–347, title III, § 303 , Dec. 17, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2957 , and, as so amended, did not contain a subsec. (f). A later amendment by Pub. L. 113–274, title II, § 204(1) , Dec. 18, 2014 , 128 Stat. 2980 , redesignated subsec. (e) of section 278g–3 of this title , relating to definitions, as (f).

2216. §7408 — National Academy of Sciences study on computer and network security in critical infrastructures

2217. §7409 — Coordination of Federal cyber security research and development

2218. §7410 — Grant eligibility requirements and compliance with immigration laws

2219. §7411 — Report on grant and fellowship programs

2220. §7421 — Definitions

2221. §7421 — Sec. 2. Special Measures for Certain Foreign Jurisdictions or Foreign Persons . (a) Within 180 days of the date of this order, the Secretary shall propose for notice and comment regulations that require United States IaaS providers to take any of the special measures described in subsection (d) of this section if the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Defense, the Attorney General, the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Director of National Intelligence and, as the Secretary deems appropriate, the heads of other executive departments and agencies (agencies), finds:

2222. §7421 — Sec. 3. Recommendations for Cooperative Efforts to Deter the Abuse of United States IaaS Products . (a) Within 120 days of the date of this order, the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security, in coordination with the Secretary and, as the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security deem appropriate, the heads of other agencies, shall engage and solicit feedback from industry on how to increase information sharing and collaboration among IaaS providers and between IaaS providers and the agencies to inform recommendations under subsection (b) of this section.

2223. §7421 — Sec. 4. Ensuring Sufficient Resources for Implementation . The Secretary, in consultation with the heads of such agencies as the Secretary deems appropriate, shall identify funding requirements to support the efforts described in this order and incorporate such requirements into its annual budget submissions to the Office of Management and Budget.

2224. §7421 — Sec. 5. Definitions . For the purposes of this order, the following definitions apply:

2225. §7421 — Sec. 6. Amendment to Reporting Authorizations . [Amended Ex. Ord. No. 13694, listed in a table under section 1701 of Title 50 , War and National Defense.]

2226. §7421 — Sec. 7. General Provisions . (a) The Secretary, in consultation with the heads of such other agencies as the Secretary deems appropriate, is hereby authorized to take such actions, including the promulgation of rules and regulations, and employ all powers granted to the President by IEEPA as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this order. The Secretary may redelegate any of these functions to other officers within the Department of Commerce, consistent with applicable law. All departments and agencies of the United States Government are hereby directed to take all appropriate measures within their authority to carry out the provisions of this order.

2227. §7421 — Section 1. Verification of Identity . Within 180 days of the date of this order [ Jan. 19, 2021 ], the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary) shall propose for notice and comment regulations that require United States IaaS providers to verify the identity of a foreign person that obtains an Account. These regulations shall, at a minimum:

2228. §7422 — No regulatory authority

2229. §7423 — No additional funds authorized

2230. §7431 — Federal cybersecurity research and development

2231. §7431 — Section 5511(a)(3)(B) of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(4) and (f), was redesignated section 5511(a)(3)(C) of this title by Pub. L. 114–329, title I, § 105(f)(2)(D)(i) , Jan. 6, 2017 , 130 Stat. 2979 .

2232. §7432 — National cybersecurity challenges

2233. §7441 — Cybersecurity competitions and challenges

2234. §7441 — Section 3719 of this title (as amended by section 105 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 ( 124 Stat. 3989 )), referred to in subsec. (a)(1), probably means section 3719 of this title as enacted by section 105(a) of Pub. L. 111–358 .

2235. §7442 — Federal Cyber Scholarship-for-Service Program

2236. §7443 — National cybersecurity awareness and education program

2237. §7451 — Transferred

2238. §7461 — Definitions

2239. §7462 — International cybersecurity technical standards

2240. §7463 — Cloud computing strategy

2241. §7464 — Identity management research and development

2242. §7501 — National Nanotechnology Program

2243. §7501 — Section 246 of the Bob Stump National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2003, referred to in subsec. (c)(3), is section 246 of Pub. L. 107–314 , which is set out as a note under section 2358 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

2244. §7502 — Program coordination

2245. §7502 — Section 631 of Public Law 108–7 , referred to in subsec. (b), is section 631 of Pub. L. 108–7 , div. J, title VI, Feb. 20, 2003 , 117 Stat. 471 , which is not classified to the Code.

2246. §7503 — Advisory Panel

2247. §7503 — Section 1013 of title 5 shall not apply to the Advisory Panel.

2248. §7504 — Quadrennial external review of the National Nanotechnology Program

2249. §7505 — Authorization of appropriations

2250. §7506 — Department of Commerce programs

2251. §7507 — Department of Energy programs

2252. §7508 — Additional centers

2253. §7509 — Definitions

2254. §7601 — Availability of contact lens prescriptions to patients

2255. §7602 — Immediate payment of fees in limited circumstances

2256. §7603 — Prescriber verification

2257. §7604 — Expiration of contact lens prescriptions

2258. §7605 — Content of advertisements and other representations

2259. §7606 — Prohibition of certain waivers

2260. §7607 — Rulemaking by Federal Trade Commission

2261. §7608 — Violations

2262. §7609 — Study and report

2263. §7610 — Definitions

2264. §7701 — Congressional findings and policy

2265. §7702 — Definitions

2266. §7703 — Prohibition against predatory and abusive commercial e-mail

2267. §7704 — Other protections for users of commercial electronic mail

2268. §7705 — Businesses knowingly promoted by electronic mail with false or misleading transmission information

2269. §7706 — Enforcement generally

2270. §7707 — Effect on other laws

2271. §7708 — Do-Not-E-Mail registry

2272. §7709 — Study of effects of commercial electronic mail

2273. §7710 — Improving enforcement by providing rewards for information about violations; labeling

2274. §7711 — Regulations

2275. §7712 — Application to wireless

2276. §7713 — Separability

2277. §7801 — Definitions

2278. §7802 — Regulation of unfair and deceptive acts and practices in connection with the contact between an athlete agent and a student athlete

2279. §7803 — Enforcement

2280. §7804 — Actions by States

2281. §7805 — Protection of educational institution

2282. §7806 — Limitation

2283. §7807 — Sense of Congress

2284. §7901 — Findings; purposes

2285. §7902 — Prohibition on bringing of qualified civil liability actions in Federal or State court

2286. §7903 — Definitions

2287. §8001 — Findings

2288. §8002 — Definitions

2289. §8003 — Federal swimming pool and spa drain cover standard

2290. §8004 — Swimming pool safety grant program

2291. §8005 — Minimum State law requirements

2292. §8006 — Education and awareness program

2293. §8007 — CPSC report

2294. §8008 — Applicability

2295. §8101 — Definition

2296. §8111 — Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator

2297. §8111 — Section 1. Senior Intellectual Property Enforcement Advisory Committee .

2298. §8112 — Definition

2299. §8113 — Joint Strategic Plan

2300. §8114 — Reporting

2301. §8115 — Savings and repeals

2302. §8116 — Authorization of appropriations

2303. §8131 — Cyberpiracy protections for individuals

2304. §8201 — Reporting, payment, and allocation of premium taxes

2305. §8202 — Regulation of nonadmitted insurance by insured’s home State

2306. §8203 — Participation in national producer database

2307. §8204 — Uniform standards for surplus lines eligibility

2308. §8205 — Streamlined application for commercial purchasers

2309. §8206 — Definitions

2310. §8221 — Regulation of credit for reinsurance and reinsurance agreements

2311. §8222 — Regulation of reinsurer solvency

2312. §8223 — Definitions

2313. §8231 — Rule of construction

2314. §8232 — Severability

2315. §8301 — Definitions

2316. §8302 — Review of regulatory authority

2317. §8303 — Abusive swaps

2318. §8304 — Authority to prohibit participation in swap activities

2319. §8305 — Prohibition against Federal Government bailouts of swaps entities

2320. §8305 — Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, referred to in subsec. (m), is section 619 of Pub. L. 111–203 , which enacted section 1851 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

2321. §8305 — Title I, referred to in subsec. ( l ), is title I of Pub. L. 111–203 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1391 , known as the Financial Stability Act of 2010, which is classified principally to subchapter I (§ 5311 et seq.) of chapter 53 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5301 of Title 12 and Tables.

2322. §8305 — Title II, referred to in subsec. (g), is title II of Pub. L. 111–203 , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1442 , which is classified principally to subchapter II (§ 5381 et seq.) of chapter 53 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see Tables.

2323. §8306 — Determining status of novel derivative products

2324. §8307 — Studies

2325. §8308 — Memorandum

2326. §8321 — Authority to define terms

2327. §8322 — Authority of FERC

2328. §8323 — Rulemaking on conflict of interest

2329. §8324 — Savings clause

2330. §8325 — International harmonization

2331. §8341 — Authority to further define terms

2332. §8342 — Savings clause

2333. §8343 — Rulemaking on conflict of interest

2334. §8344 — Other authority

2335. §8401 — Findings; declaration of policy

2336. §8402 — Prohibitions against certain unfair and deceptive Internet sales practices

2337. §8403 — Negative option marketing on the Internet

2338. §8404 — Enforcement by Federal Trade Commission

2339. §8405 — Enforcement by State attorneys general

2340. §8501 — Definitions

2341. §8511 — Public safety priority

2342. §8512 — Weather research and forecasting innovation

2343. § 8512a. Learning excellence and good examples from new developers

2344. Section 3719 of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(1)(C), was in the original “section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1990” and was translated as reading “section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2345. §8513 — Tornado warning improvement and extension program

2346. §8514 — Hurricane forecast improvement program

2347. §8515 — Weather research and development planning

2348. §8516 — Observing system planning

2349. §8517 — Observing System Simulation Experiments

2350. §8518 — Computing resource efficiency improvement and annual report

2351. §8519 — Authorization of appropriations

2352. §8520 — United States Weather Research Program

2353. §8521 — Weather and climate information in agriculture

2354. §8531 — National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration satellite and data management

2355. §8532 — Commercial weather data

2356. §8533 — Unnecessary duplication

2357. §8541 — Environmental Information Services Working Group

2358. §8542 — Interagency weather research and forecast innovation coordination

2359. §8543 — Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research and National Weather Service exchange program

2360. §8544 — Visiting fellows at National Weather Service

2361. §8545 — Section 409, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 409 of Pub. L. 115–25 , title IV, Apr. 18, 2017 , 131 Stat. 112 , which is not classified to the Code.

2362. §8545 — Warning coordination meteorologists at weather forecast offices of National Weather Service

2363. §8546 — National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Weather Ready All Hazards Award Program

2364. §8547 — Report on contract positions at National Weather Service

2365. §8548 — Weather enterprise outreach

2366. §8549 — Hurricane hunter aircraft

2367. §8550 — Improvements to Cooperative Observer Program of National Weather Service

2368. §8561 — Study on precipitation estimation

2369. §8562 — Improving probable maximum precipitation estimates

2370. §8563 — Definitions

2371. §8601 — Protections for covered sports medicine professionals

2372. §8701 — Declaration of policy

2373. §8702 — Definitions

2374. §8703 — Issuance of orders

2375. §8704 — Required terms in orders

2376. §8705 — Assessments

2377. §8706 — Referenda

2378. §8707 — Petition and review

2379. §8708 — Enforcement

2380. §8709 — Investigation and power to subpoena

2381. §8710 — Suspension or termination

2382. §8711 — Amendments to orders

2383. §8712 — Effect on other laws

2384. §8713 — Regulations

2385. §8714 — Limitation on expenditures for administrative expenses

2386. §8715 — Limitations on obligation of funds

2387. §8716 — Study and report by the Government Accountability Office

2388. §8717 — Study and report by the Department of Commerce

2389. §8801 — Definitions

2390. §8802 — Purposes

2391. §8811 — National Quantum Initiative Program

2392. §8812 — National Quantum Coordination Office

2393. §8813 — Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science

2394. §8814 — National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee

2395. §8814 — Sec. 2. Establishment . (a) To ensure that the NQI Program and the Nation are informed by evidence, data, and perspectives from a diverse group of experts and stakeholders, the National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee (Committee) is hereby established. Consistent with the NQI Act [ 15 U.S.C. 8801 et seq.], the Committee shall advise the President, the SCQIS, and the ESIX on the NQI Program.

2396. §8814 — Sec. 3. Functions . (a) The Committee shall advise the President and the SCQIS and the ESIX (Subcommittees) and make recommendations for the President to consider when reviewing and revising the NQI Program. The Committee shall also carry out all responsibilities set forth in section 104 of the NQI Act.

2397. §8814 — Sec. 4. Administration . (a) The heads of agencies shall, to the extent permitted by law, provide the Committee with information concerning QIS and its technology applications when requested by a Committee Co-Chair.

2398. §8814 — Sec. 5. Revocation . Executive Order 13885 of August 30, 2019 (Establishing the National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee) [formerly set out above], is hereby revoked.

2399. §8814 — Sec. 6. General Provisions . (a) Insofar as the Federal Advisory Committee Act, as amended [ Pub. L. 92–463 ] ([former] 5 U.S.C. App.) [see 5 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.] (FACA), may apply to the Committee, any functions of the President under the FACA, except for those in section 6 of the FACA [see 5 U.S.C. 1005 ], shall be performed by the Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Director, in accordance with the guidelines and procedures established by the Administrator of General Services.

2400. §8814 — Section 1. Purpose . Quantum information science (QIS) can enable transformative advances in knowledge and technology for industry, academia, and government. Accordingly, the National Quantum Initiative (NQI), which aims to ensure the continued leadership of the United States in QIS and its technology applications, is a substantial and sustained national priority. The NQI Program, established pursuant to section 101 of the NQI Act [ 15 U.S.C. 8811 ], encompasses contributions from across the Federal Government, as exemplified by the QIS research, development, demonstration, and training activities pursued by executive departments and agencies (agencies) with membership on either the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science (SCQIS) or the NSTC Subcommittee on Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Science (ESIX).

2401. §8814 — Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (g), is section 14 of Pub. L. 92–463 , which was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and was repealed and restated as section 1013 of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286 , §§ 3(a), 7, Dec. 27, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4204 , 4361.

2402. § 8814a. Subcommittee on the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Information Science

2403. §8815 — Sunset

2404. §8831 — National Institute of Standards and Technology activities and quantum consortium

2405. §8841 — Quantum information science research and education program

2406. §8842 — Multidisciplinary centers for quantum research and education

2407. §8851 — Quantum information science research program

2408. §8852 — National Quantum Information Science Research Centers

2409. §8853 — Department of Energy quantum network infrastructure research and development program

2410. §8854 — Department of Energy Quantum User Expansion for Science and Technology program

2411. §8901 — Definition of Administrator

2412. §8911 — Monitoring and detection

2413. §8921 — Additions to toxics release inventory

2414. §8931 — Definitions

2415. §8932 — Performance standard for the detection of highly fluorinated compounds

2416. §8933 — Nationwide sampling

2417. §8934 — Data usage

2418. §8935 — Collaboration

2419. §8951 — Definitions

2420. §8952 — Research and coordination plan for enhanced response on emerging contaminants

2421. §8961 — PFAS destruction and disposal guidance

2422. §8962 — PFAS research and development

2423. §8963 — Interagency body on research related to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances

2424. §9001 — Definitions

2425. §9001 — Sec. 2. Providing Relief to Individuals, Families, and Small Businesses; and to State, Local, Tribal, and Territorial Governments . (a) All executive departments and agencies (agencies) shall promptly identify actions they can take within existing authorities to address the current economic crisis resulting from the pandemic. Agencies should specifically consider actions that facilitate better use of data and other means to improve access to, reduce unnecessary barriers to, and improve coordination among programs funded in whole or in part by the Federal Government.

2426. §9001 — Sec. 3. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

2427. §9001 — Section 1. Background . The pandemic caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) has led to an economic crisis marked by the closure of small businesses, job loss, food and housing insecurity, and increased challenges for working families balancing jobs and caregiving responsibilities. The current economic crisis has affected Americans throughout the Nation, but it is particularly dire in communities of color. The problems are exacerbated because State and local governments are being forced to consider steep cuts to critical programs to address revenue shortfalls the pandemic has caused. In addition, many individuals, families, and small businesses have had difficulties navigating relief programs with varying eligibility requirements, and some are not receiving the intended assistance. The economic crisis resulting from the pandemic must be met by the full resources of the Federal Government.

2428. §9002 — Entrepreneurial development

2429. §9003 — State Trade Expansion Program

2430. §9004 — Waiver of matching funds requirement under the Women’s Business Center program

2431. §9005 — Transferred

2432. §9006 — Direct appropriations

2433. §9006 — Section 1102(a) of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), means section 1102(a) of div. A of Pub. L. 116–136 .

2434. §9007 — Minority Business Development Agency

2435. §9008 — Section 1102 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), means section 1102 of div. A of Pub. L. 116–136 .

2436. §9008 — United States Treasury program management authority

2437. §9009 — Emergency EIDL grants

2438. § 9009a. Grants for shuttered venue operators

2439. Section 323(d)(1)(H) of this Act, referred to in subsecs. (b)(2)(B)(iv) and (f)(2), is section 323(d)(1)(H) of title III of div. N of Pub. L. 116–260 , Dec. 27, 2020 , 134 Stat. 2021 , which is not classified to the Code.

2440. Section 636m(a) of this title , as redesignated, transferred, and amended by this Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(A)(i), probably means section 636m(a) of this title , as redesignated, transferred, and amended by title III of div. N of Pub. L. 116–260 .

2441. Section 332 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is section 332 of div. N of Pub. L. 116–260 .

2442. § 9009b. Targeted EIDL advance for small business continuity, adaptation, and resiliency

2443. Section 2301 of the CARES Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(8)(A), is section 2301 of Pub. L. 116–136 , which is set out as a note under section 3111 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

2444. Section 636m(a) of this title (as redesignated, transferred, and amended by section 304(b) of the Economic Aid to Hard-Hit Small Businesses, Nonprofits, and Venues Act ( Public Law 116–260 )), referred to in subsec. (c)(5)(H), probably means section 636m(a) of this title , as redesignated, transferred, and amended by section 304(b) of title III of div. N of Pub. L. 116–260 .

2445. § 9009c. Support for restaurants

2446. §9010 — Resources and services in languages other than English

2447. §9011 — Section 1102, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A)(ii), means section 1102 of Pub. L. 116–136 .

2448. §9011 — Subsidy for certain loan payments

2449. §9012 — Emergency rulemaking authority

2450. §9013 — Community Navigator pilot program

2451. §9021 — Pandemic unemployment assistance

2452. §9022 — Flexibility in paying reimbursement

2453. §9023 — Emergency increase in unemployment compensation benefits

2454. §9023 — Section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970, referred to in subsec. (i)(1), (2)(A), is section 205 of Pub. L. 91–373 , which is set out in a note under section 3304 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

2455. §9024 — Section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970, referred to in subsec. (g), is section 205 of Pub. L. 91–373 , which is set out in a note under section 3304 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

2456. §9024 — Section 905(g) and section 904(a), referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(A), probably mean sections 905(g) and 904(a) of the Social Security Act. However, section 905(g) probably should be a reference to section 904(g) as there is no subsec. (g) in section 905 of the Act, and section 904(g) establishes the Federal unemployment account. Section 904(a) and (g) is classified to section 1104(a) and (g), respectively, of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

2457. §9024 — Temporary full Federal funding of the first week of compensable regular unemployment for States with no waiting week

2458. §9025 — Pandemic emergency unemployment compensation

2459. §9026 — Section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), is section 205 of Pub. L. 91–373 , which is set out in a note under section 3304 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

2460. §9026 — Temporary financing of short-time compensation payments in States with programs in law

2461. §9027 — Section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970, referred to in subsec. (f)(2), is section 205 of Pub. L. 91–373 , which is set out in a note under section 3304 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

2462. §9027 — Temporary financing of short-time compensation agreements

2463. §9028 — Grants for short-time compensation programs

2464. §9028 — Section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970, referred to in subsec. (i)(3), is section 205 of Pub. L. 91–373 , which is set out in a note under section 3304 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

2465. §9029 — Assistance and guidance in implementing programs

2466. §9030 — Waiver of the 7-day waiting period for benefits under the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act

2467. §9031 — Funding for the DOL Office of Inspector General for oversight of unemployment provisions

2468. §9032 — Chapter 35 of title 44 (commonly referred to as the “Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995”), 1 1 So in original. shall not apply to the provisions of, and the amendments made by, this subtitle.

2469. §9032 — Implementation

2470. §9033 — Return to work reporting

2471. §9034 — Funding for fraud prevention, equitable access, and timely payment to eligible workers

2472. §9041 — Definitions

2473. §9042 — Emergency relief and taxpayer protections

2474. §9043 — Limitation on certain employee compensation

2475. §9044 — Continuation of certain air service

2476. §9045 — Coordination with Secretary of Transportation

2477. §9046 — Suspension of certain aviation excise taxes

2478. §9047 — Federal credit union transaction account guarantees

2479. §9048 — Temporary Government in the Sunshine Act relief

2480. §9049 — Temporary hiring flexibility

2481. §9050 — Section 2 of the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 2 of Pub. L. 115–174 , May 24, 2018 , 132 Stat. 1297 , which is set out as a note under section 5365 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

2482. §9050 — Section 201 of the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2), (b)(1), and (c), is section 201 of Pub. L. 115–174 , May 24, 2018 , 132 Stat. 1306 , which is set out as a note under section 5371 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

2483. §9050 — Temporary relief for community banks

2484. §9051 — Temporary relief from troubled debt restructurings

2485. §9052 — Optional temporary relief from current expected credit losses

2486. §9053 — Special Inspector General for Pandemic Recovery

2487. §9054 — Conflicts of interest

2488. §9055 — Congressional Oversight Commission

2489. §9056 — Foreclosure moratorium and consumer right to request forbearance

2490. §9056 — Sec. 2. Policy . It is the policy of the United States to minimize, to the greatest extent possible, residential evictions and foreclosures during the ongoing COVID–19 national emergency.

2491. §9056 — Sec. 3. Response to Public Health Risks of Evictions and Foreclosures . (a) The Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Director of CDC shall consider whether any measures temporarily halting residential evictions of any tenants for failure to pay rent are reasonably necessary to prevent the further spread of COVID–19 from one State or possession into any other State or possession.

2492. §9056 — Sec. 4. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

2493. §9056 — Section 1. Purpose . The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID–19) pandemic, which originated in the People’s Republic of China, continues to pose a significant threat to the health of Americans throughout the United States. As we have since January 2020, with the proactive decision to limit travel from China and the passage of three massive economic relief packages, my Administration will take whatever steps are necessary to reduce the spread of COVID–19 and maintain economic prosperity.

2494. §9057 — Forbearance of residential mortgage loan payments for multifamily properties with Federally backed loans

2495. §9058 — Temporary moratorium on eviction filings

2496. § 9058a. Emergency rental assistance

2497. § 9058b. Funding for water assistance program

2498. § 9058c. Emergency rental assistance

2499. § 9058d. Homeowner Assistance Fund

2500. §9059 — Protection of collective bargaining agreement

2501. §9060 — Reports

2502. §9061 — Direct appropriation

2503. §9062 — Rule of construction

2504. §9063 — Termination of authority

2505. §9071 — Definitions

2506. §9072 — Pandemic relief for aviation workers

2507. §9073 — Procedures for providing payroll support

2508. §9074 — Required assurances

2509. §9075 — Protection of collective bargaining agreement

2510. §9076 — Limitation on certain employee compensation

2511. §9077 — Tax payer protection

2512. §9078 — Reports

2513. §9079 — Coordination

2514. §9080 — Direct appropriation

2515. §9091 — Definitions

2516. §9092 — Pandemic relief for aviation workers

2517. §9093 — Procedures for providing payroll support

2518. §9094 — Required assurances

2519. §9094 — Title IV of the CARES Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is title IV of div. A of Pub. L. 116–136 , Mar. 27, 2020 , 134 Stat. 469 , which is classified principally to parts A (§ 9041 et seq.) and B (§ 9071 et seq.) of this subchapter. For complete classification of title IV to the Code, see Tables.

2520. §9095 — Protection of collective bargaining agreements

2521. §9096 — Limitation on certain employee compensation

2522. §9097 — Minimum air service guarantees

2523. §9098 — Taxpayer protection

2524. §9099 — Reports

2525. §9100 — Coordination

2526. §9101 — Funding

2527. §9111 — Assistance for providers of transportation services affected by COVID–19

2528. §9111 — Section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970, referred to in subsec. (e)(2)(B), is section 205 of Pub. L. 91–373 , which is set out as a note under section 3304 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

2529. §9121 — Relief for airports

2530. §9121 — Section 47114(c)(2)(E) of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(B)(ii), was redesignated section 47114(c)(2)(D) of title 49 by Pub. L. 118–63, title VII, § 712(a)(2)(C) , May 16, 2024 , 138 Stat. 1255 .

2531. §9131 — Definitions

2532. §9132 — Payroll support program

2533. §9132 — Section 2301 of the CARES Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 2301 of Pub. L. 116–136 , which is set out as a note under section 3111 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

2534. §9141 — Air transportation payroll support program extension

2535. §9201 — Findings

2536. §9202 — NSF support of research on manipulated or synthesized content and information security

2537. §9203 — NIST support for research and standards on generative adversarial networks

2538. §9204 — Generative adversarial network defined

2539. §9301 — National coordinating entity for sustainable chemistry

2540. §9302 — Strategic plan for sustainable chemistry

2541. §9303 — Agency activities in support of sustainable chemistry

2542. §9304 — Partnerships in sustainable chemistry

2543. §9305 — Prioritization

2544. §9306 — Rule of construction

2545. §9401 — Definitions

2546. §9401 — Sec. 2. Policy and Principles . It is the policy of my Administration to advance and govern the development and use of AI in accordance with eight guiding principles and priorities. When undertaking the actions set forth in this order, executive departments and agencies (agencies) shall, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, adhere to these principles, while, as feasible, taking into account the views of other agencies, industry, members of academia, civil society, labor unions, international allies and partners, and other relevant organizations:

2547. §9401 — Sec. 3. Definitions . For purposes of this order:

2548. §9401 — Sec. 4. Ensuring the Safety and Security of AI Technology .

2549. §9401 — Sec. 5. Promoting Innovation and Competition .

2550. §9401 — Section 1. Purpose . Artificial intelligence (AI) holds extraordinary potential for both promise and peril. Responsible AI use has the potential to help solve urgent challenges while making our world more prosperous, productive, innovative, and secure. At the same time, irresponsible use could exacerbate societal harms such as fraud, discrimination, bias, and disinformation; displace and disempower workers; stifle competition; and pose risks to national security. Harnessing AI for good and realizing its myriad benefits requires mitigating its substantial risks. This endeavor demands a society-wide effort that includes government, the private sector, academia, and civil society.

2551. §9411 — National Artificial Intelligence Initiative

2552. §9412 — National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Office

2553. §9413 — Coordination by Interagency Committee

2554. §9414 — National Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee

2555. §9415 — National AI Research Resource Task Force

2556. §9431 — National Artificial Intelligence Research Institutes

2557. §9431 — Section 5301 of this division, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(A), means section 5301 of div. E of Pub. L. 116–283 , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4536 .

2558. §9441 — Section 278h–1 of this title as amended by title III of this Act, referred to in text, probably means section 278h–1 of this title as added by title LIII of Pub. L. 116–283, div. E , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4536 .

2559. §9441 — Stakeholder outreach

2560. §9442 — National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Artificial Intelligence Center

2561. §9451 — Artificial intelligence research and education

2562. §9451 — Section 5301 of this division, referred to in subsec. (b)(7), means section 5301 of div. E of Pub. L. 116–283 , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4536 .

2563. §9461 — Department of Energy artificial intelligence research program

2564. §9461 — Section 5301 of this division, referred to in subsecs. (f) and (g), means section 5301 of div. E of Pub. L. 116–283 , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4536 .

2565. §9462 — Veterans’ health initiative

2566. §9501 — Definitions

2567. §9502 — Minority Business Development Agency

2568. §9511 — Private sector development

2569. §9512 — Public sector development

2570. §9513 — Research and information

2571. §9521 — Definition

2572. §9522 — Purpose

2573. §9523 — Establishment

2574. §9524 — Chapter 142 of that title, referred to in subsec. (h)(3)(B)(iii), was repealed by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1872(b)(1) , Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4289 , effective Jan. 1, 2022 , in conjunction with the transfer and reorganization of acquisition provisions in Title 10, Armed Forces, by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII , Jan. 1, 2022 , 134 Stat. 4149 .

2575. §9524 — Grants and cooperative agreements

2576. §9524 — Section 2411 of title 10 , referred to in subsec. (h)(3)(B)(iii), was renumbered section 4951 of Title 10 , Armed Forces, by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1872(a)(1)(B) , (2), Jan. 1, 2021 , 134 Stat. 4287 , as amended by Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(m)(1)(A) , (3), Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat. 2144 , 2145.

2577. §9525 — Minimizing disruptions to existing MBDA Business Center program

2578. §9526 — Publicity

2579. §9541 — Annual diverse business forum on capital formation

2580. §9542 — Agency study on alternative financing solutions

2581. §9543 — Educational development relating to management and entrepreneurship

2582. §9551 — Definitions

2583. §9552 — Business Centers

2584. §9553 — Report to Congress

2585. §9554 — Study and report

2586. §9561 — Grants to nonprofit organizations that support minority business enterprises

2587. §9571 — Purpose

2588. §9572 — Composition and term

2589. §9573 — Duties

2590. §9573 — Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 14 of Pub. L. 92–463 , which was set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and was repealed and restated as section 1013 of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286 , §§ 3(a), 7, Dec. 27, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4204 , 4361.

2591. §9581 — General duties

2592. §9582 — Participation of Federal departments and agencies

2593. §9591 — Administrative powers

2594. §9592 — Federal assistance

2595. §9593 — Recordkeeping

2596. §9594 — Review and report by Comptroller General

2597. §9595 — Biannual reports; recommendations

2598. §9596 — Separability

2599. §9597 — Executive Order 11625

2600. §9598 — Authorization of appropriations

2601. §9701 — Definitions

2602. §9702 — National Integrated Flood Information System

2603. §9703 — Observations and modeling for total water prediction

2604. §9704 — Section 409 of the Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 409 of Pub. L. 115–25 , title IV, Apr. 18, 2017 , 131 Stat. 112 , which is not classified to the Code.

2605. §9704 — Service coordination hydrologists at River Forecast Centers of the National Weather Service

2606. §9705 — Improving National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration communication of future flood risks and hazardous flash flood events

2607. §9706 — Freshwater monitoring along the coast

2608. §9707 — Estimates of precipitation frequency in the United States

2609. §9708 — Interagency Committee on Water Management and Infrastructure

2610. §9709 — National Weather Service hydrologic research fellowship program

2611. §9710 — Identification and support of consistent, Federal set of forward-looking, long-term meteorological information

2612. §9711 — Gap analysis on availability of snow-related data to assess and predict flood and flood impacts

2613. §9712 — Availability to the public of flood-related data

2614. §9801 — Defined term

2615. §9802 — Purposes

2616. §9803 — Responsibilities of the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Travel and Tourism

2617. §9804 — Travel and tourism strategy

2618. §9805 — Data on domestic travel and tourism

2619. §9901 — Prohibition on transfer of personally identifiable sensitive data of United States individuals to foreign adversaries

2620. §9901 — Sec. 2. (a) There is established a Committee for the Review of Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications (Committee), composed of the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Defense, the Attorney General, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Director of National Intelligence. Not later than 180 days after the date of this memorandum [ July 24, 2024 ], the members of the Committee, through a process convened by National Security Council staff consistent with National Security Memorandum 2 of February 4, 2021 (Renewing the National Security Council System), shall determine rules and procedures sufficient for the Committee to exercise the authorities delegated to the Attorney General under section 1 of this memorandum. Upon conclusion of the 180-day period, the Committee shall exercise those authorities in accordance with such rules and procedures.

2621. §9901 — Sec. 3. The Attorney General is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

2622. §9901 — Section 1. (a) I hereby delegate to the Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of Homeland Security, all authorities vested in the President by the Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act (Division H of Public Law 118–50 ) [set out as a note above].

Title 16

1. §18 — Transferred

2. § 18a. Transferred

3. § 18b. Transferred

4. § 18c. Transferred

5. § 18d. Transferred

6. §21 — Establishment; boundaries; trespassers

7. § 21a. Revision of boundaries; contiguous national forests; jurisdiction of forests

8. § 21b. Extension of certain laws to park

9. § 21c. Section 485 as extending to revised boundaries; lands acquired by exchange

10. § 21d. Existing claims, locations, and entries as affected by revised boundaries

11. §22 — Control of park by Secretary of the Interior; removal of trespassers

12. §23 — Detail of troops for protection of park

13. §24 — Jurisdiction over park; fugitives from justice

14. §24 — Section 2 of act May 7, 1894 , provided that the Yellowstone National Park should be part of the judicial district of Wyoming, and that the courts of the United States for the district should have jurisdiction of all offenses committed within the park. It was superseded by act Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 115 , 36 Stat. 1130 , constituting the State of Wyoming and Yellowstone National Park the judicial district of Wyoming, that section being in turn superseded by act June 5, 1924, ch. 260 , 43 Stat. 388 . Provisions of that act are covered by section 131 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

15. §26 — Regulations for hunting and fishing in park; punishment for violations; forfeitures

16. §30 — Jail building; office of magistrate judge

17. §30 — Section 9 of the act of May 7, 1894 , contained the added clause, “the cost of such building not to exceed five thousand dollars, to be paid out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated upon certificate of the Secretary as a voucher therefor,” which was superseded by the provisions contained in section 451 of this title .

18. § 30a. Existing laws as affected

19. §32 — Lease of lands within park

20. §33 — Mortgages by lessees within the park

21. §34 — Road extensions

22. §35 — Private use of electricity from lighting and power plant

23. §36 — Disposition of surplus elk, buffalo, bear, beaver, and predatory animals

24. § 36a. Disposition of surplus elk

25. §37 — Provision of feed and range facilities for game animals

26. §38 — Exchange for State or private lands authorized

27. §39 — Reservation of timber, minerals, or easements by owners on exchange

28. §40 — Additions to park; entry under other acts

29. § 40a. Educational facilities for dependents of employees; payments to school districts; limitation on amount

30. § 40b. Cooperative agreements with States or local agencies; expansion; Federal contributions

31. § 40c. Creation of special fund; expenditure

32. §41 — Sequoia National Park; establishment; boundaries; trespassers

33. §43 — Sequoia National Park; rules and regulations; leases; fish and game; trespassers

34. §45 — Section 44, act Oct. 1, 1890, ch. 1263, § 1 , 26 Stat. 650 , which related to lands in California set aside as reserved forest lands, was transferred to section 471c of this title .

35. §45 — Section 45, act Oct. 1, 1890, ch. 1263, § 3 , 26 Stat. 651 , which related to additional forest reserves in California, was transferred to section 471d of this title .

36. §45 — Transferred

37. § 45a. Sequoia National Park; revision of boundaries

38. § 45b. Rules and regulations; leases; fish and game

39. § 45c. Prior claims, locations, and entries; permits for use of natural resources

40. § 45d. Exclusive privileges within park prohibited

41. § 45e. Violations of park regulations; penalty

42. § 45f. Mineral King Valley addition authorized

43. § 45g. Addition to Sequoia National Park

44. §46 — Yosemite National Park; lands segregated from and included in Sierra National Forest; rights-of-way over

45. §47 — Additional lands excluded from Yosemite National Park and added to Sierra National Forest

46. § 47a. Addition of certain lands to park authorized

47. § 47b. Inapplicability of certain laws to lands acquired under section 47a

48. § 47c. Acquisition of certain lands for preservation and consolidation of timber stands

49. § 47d. Acquisition of certain lands for protection of park deer

50. § 47e. Purchase of private lands for park authorized

51. § 47f. Inapplicability of certain laws to lands acquired under section 47e

52. §48 — Yosemite Valley and Mariposa Big Tree Grove reserved and made part of Yosemite National Park

53. §49 — Rights of claimants and owners of lands included; laws and regulations applicable within park

54. §51 — Yosemite National Park; exchange of privately owned lands in park

55. §52 — Values of lands and timber to be exchanged; lands added to park

56. §53 — Cutting and removal of timber

57. §54 — Sale of matured, dead, or down timber

58. §55 — Leases of land in park; mortgages by lessees

59. §57 — Yosemite, Sequoia, and General Grant National Parks; exclusive jurisdiction of United States; jurisdiction remaining in and taxation by California

60. §58 — Laws applicable; fugitives from justice

61. §60 — Hunting or fishing prohibited

62. §61 — Rules and regulations in parks

63. §62 — Possession of dead bodies of birds or animals

64. §63 — Section 3 of the Act of Congress approved August 25, 1916 (Thirty-ninth Statutes, page 535), entitled “An Act to establish a National Park Service, and for other purposes”, referred to in text, is section 3 of act Aug. 25, 1916, ch. 408 , 39 Stat. 535 , which enacted section 3 of this title . Section 3 of the Act was repealed and restated as section 1865(a) of Title 18 , Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and sections 100751(a), 100752, 100753, and 102101 of Title 54, National Park Service and Related Programs, by Pub. L. 113–287 , §§ 3, 4(a)(1), 7, Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3094 , 3260, 3272.

65. §63 — Transportation of birds, animals, or fish; violations of statute or rules or regulations for management, care, and preservation of parks; damage or spoliation; punishment

66. §64 — Sale or disposal of timber; destruction of detrimental animal or plant life

67. §65 — Seizure and forfeiture of guns, traps, teams, horses, etc.

68. §78 — Detail of troops to Sequoia, Yosemite, and General Grant Parks

69. § 79a. Establishment; statement of purposes

70. § 79b. Park area

71. § 79c. Acquisition of land

72. Section 4(b) of the Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), probably means section 5(b), formerly section 4(b), of Pub. L. 88–578 , Sept. 3, 1964 , 78 Stat. 900 , which was classified to section 460 l –7(b) of this title and which related to advance appropriations. Section 5(b) was repealed by Pub. L. 94–422, title I , §101(2), Sept. 28, 1976 , 90 Stat. 1314 . The remainder of section 5 was repealed and restated as section 200304 of Title 54 , National Park Service and Related Programs, by Pub. L. 113–287 , §§ 3, 7, Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3094 , 3272.

73. Section 79b(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was in the original “section 101(a)(2) of this amendment”, meaning section 101(a)(2) of Pub. L. 95–250 , which amended section 79b(a) of this title .

74. § 79d. Acquisition of lands

75. § 79e. Exchange of property; cash equalization payments; commercial operations, minimum economic dislocation and disruption

76. § 79f. Transfer of property from Federal agency to administrative jurisdiction of Secretary

77. § 79g. Contract authorization within prescribed cost limits; installments: duration, interest; provisions for payment of judgments and compromise settlements applicable to judgments against United States

78. § 79h. Memorial groves named for benefactors

79. § 79i. Administration

80. § 79j. Authorization of appropriations

81. § 79k. Mitigation of adverse economic impacts to local economy resulting from additional lands; analysis of Federal actions necessary or desirable; consultations and considerations by Secretaries concerned; reports to Congress; implementation of programs; funding requirements

82. § 79l. Employment of personnel for rehabilitation, protection, and improvements of additional lands

83. § 79m. Annual reporting requirements; contents; comprehensive general management plan; submission date and scope

84. Section 79 l of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “section 102 of this amendment”, meaning section 103 of Pub. L. 95–250 , which enacted section 79 l of this title.

85. Section 79b of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “section 101(a)(2) of this amendment”, meaning section 101(a)(2) of Pub. L. 95–250 , which amended subsecs. (a) and (b), and added subsec. (c), of section 79b of this title .

86. Section 79c(b)(1) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “section 101(a)(4) . . . of this amendment”, meaning section 101(a)(4) of Pub. L. 95–250 , which amended section 79c(b)(1) of this title .

87. Section 79c(b)(2) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “section 101(a)(5) of this amendment”, meaning section 101(a)(5) of Pub. L. 95–250 , which amended section 79c(b)(2) of this title .

88. Section 79c(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “section 101(a)(6) . . . of this amendment”, meaning section 101(a)(6) of Pub. L. 95–250 , which amended section 79c(e) of this title .

89. Section 79k(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “section 102(b) of this amendment”, meaning section 102(b) of Pub. L. 95–250 , which enacted section 79k(b) of this title .

90. § 79n. Authorization of appropriations for rehabilitation programs

91. § 79p. Community services and employment opportunities of Redwoods United, Inc. to be maintained at present rate of employment

92. § 79q. Pledge of full faith and credit of United States for payment of compensation for lands, etc., taken

93. §80 — Establishment; boundaries; preservation of rights of citizens

94. § 80a. General Grant National Park abolished; lands added to Kings Canyon National Park

95. § 80b. Administration for public recreational purposes

96. § 80c. Motor-vehicle licenses for Sequoia National Park as applicable; limitation of privileges within park

97. § 80d. Administration, protection, and development

98. §81 — Establishment; statement of purposes

99. § 81a. Location and boundaries

100. § 81b. Revision of boundaries

101. § 81c. Addition of lands

102. § 81d. Addition of lands

103. § 81e. Acquisition of property; condemnation proceedings

104. § 81f. Authorization of appropriation

105. § 81g. Administration, protection, and development

106. § 81h. Civil and criminal jurisdiction; legislative authority of State over park

107. § 81i. Donation of buildings thereafter revenue producing; disposition of proceeds

108. § 81j. Transfer of lands to Secretary of Navy

109. § 81k. Exchange of lands

110. § 81l. Additional exchange of lands

111. § 81m. Additional exchange of lands

112. § 81n. Transfer of lands for State Park

113. § 81o. Transfer of administrative jurisdiction over land

114. § 81p. Property transfers

115. §90 — Establishment; statement of purposes; description of area

116. § 90a. Ross Lake National Recreation Area; establishment; statement of purposes; description of area

117. § 90b. Land acquisition; authority of Secretary; manner and place; donation of State lands; transfer to administrative jurisdiction of Secretary; elimination of lands from national forests

118. § 90c. Administration

119. § 90d. Distributive share of counties of receipts for schools and roads unaffected

120. § 90e. Pasayten Wilderness, Okanogan and Mount Baker National Forests; designation; abolition of North Cascades Primitive Area classification

121. §91 — Establishment; boundaries; trespassers

122. §92 — Control; regulations; grants for buildings; rights-of-way; fish and game; removal of trespassers

123. § 92a. Rights-of-way for railways, tramways, and cable lines

124. §93 — Grant of prior lands to Northern Pacific Railroad; lieu lands to settlers

125. §94 — Location of mining claims

126. §95 — Jurisdiction by the United States; fugitives from justice

127. §98 — Protection of game and fish; forfeitures and punishments

128. §99 — Forfeitures and seizures of guns, traps, teams, etc.

129. §107 — Boundary changed

130. §108 — Other laws extended to added lands

131. §109 — Additional lands

132. §110 — Laws and regulations applicable to added lands; free use of roads maintained by State

133. § 110a. Headquarters site; acquisition of lands

134. § 110b. Administration of headquarters site

135. § 110c. Boundary adjustments

136. § 110d. Mount Rainier National Park Boundary Adjustment

137. §111 — Establishment; boundaries

138. § 111a. Authorization for acquisition of additional lands

139. § 111b. Donations or exchanges of lands

140. § 111c. Revision of boundaries; vested rights; administration

141. § 111d. Acquisition of lands within boundaries of park

142. § 111e. Authorization of appropriations

143. §112 — Control; regulations; prehistoric ruins

144. §113 — Examinations, excavations, and gathering objects of interest

145. §114 — Removal, disturbance, destruction, or molestation of ruins

146. §115 — Leases and permits; prehistoric ruins not included

147. § 115a. Mineral resources; exploitation

148. §117 — Exclusive jurisdiction ceded to United States by Colorado; saving provisions; fugitives from justice

149. § 117c. Hunting and fishing; general rules and regulations; protection of property; violation of statutes and rules; penalties

150. § 117d. Forfeiture of property used for unlawful purpose

151. §118 — Appropriations; availability for operation of Aileen Nusbaum Hospital

152. §119 — Establishment; notice in Federal Register; administration; exchange and acquisition of lands; remaining funds

153. § 119a. Boundaries

154. §121 — Establishment; boundaries

155. §122 — Control; regulations

156. § 122a. Water quality of Crater Lake; studies and investigations; report to Congress

157. §123 — Section 3 of Pub. L. 94–429 provided in part that this section was amended as indicated in order to close area to entry and location under the Mining Law of 1872, subject to valid existing rights.

158. §123 — Settlement, residence, lumbering, or business within park punishable; admission of visitors

159. §124 — Jurisdiction by the United States; fugitives from justice

160. §127 — Hunting and fishing; rules and regulations; punishment

161. §128 — Forfeitures or seizures of guns, traps, teams, etc., for violating regulations

162. §141 — Establishment; boundaries

163. § 141a. Revision of boundaries

164. Section 672 of this title , referred to in text, was omitted from the Code.

165. § 141b. Wind Cave National Game Preserve transferred to park

166. § 141c. Disposal of surplus buffalo and elk

167. §142 — Control; regulations

168. §145 — Exchange of lands

169. §146 — Offenses within park

170. §151 — Acquisition; payment

171. §151 — Section 38 of act June 25, 1948 , provided that the amendment made by that act is effective Sept. 1, 1948 .

172. §152 — Additional land withdrawn; payment; management and control; regulations; sale of improvements; penalties; town lots

173. §153 — Existing laws unaffected by admission of Oklahoma; rights and jurisdiction of United States; indemnity school lands

174. §156 — Establishment; boundaries

175. §157 — Acquisition of lands

176. § 157a. Additional lands; aggregate cost

177. § 157b. Additional lands within park boundaries

178. § 157c. Boundary revision; acquisition of lands and interests; authorization of appropriations

179. § 157d. Additional boundary revision; acquisition of lands and interests

180. §158 — Administration, protection, and development

181. §159 — Establishment; boundaries

182. § 159a. Acceptance of donations

183. § 159b. Administration, protection, and development

184. § 159c. Completion of establishment

185. § 159d. Acceptance of General Philip Schuyler Mansion property

186. § 159e. Revision of boundary; additional acreage; authorization of appropriations

187. § 159f. Enactment of revision

188. § 159g. Acquisition of lands

189. §160 — Congressional declaration of purpose

190. § 160a. Establishment; notice in Federal Register; donation of lands; acquisition by purchase of other lands

191. § 160b. Land acquisitions

192. § 160c. Acquisition of improved property

193. § 160d. Concession contracts with former owners of commercial, recreational, resort, or similar properties within park boundaries

194. § 160e. Payment of value differential by Secretary to owner of commercial timberlands exchanging lands for State lands outside of park; determination of value; prerequisites

195. § 160f. Administration

196. § 160g. Designation by Secretary of recreational fishing zones; consultation with appropriate State agency; continuation of seining of fish to secure eggs for propagation

197. § 160h. Programs for development of area for recreational sports activities

198. § 160i. Applicability to treaties, orders, or agreements

199. § 160j. Roads accessible to public facilities

200. § 160k. Funding and other requirements

201. §161 — Establishment; boundaries; trespassers; claims and rights under land laws not affected; reclamation projects; indemnity selections of lands

202. § 161a. Part of Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park

203. § 161b. Designation for purposes of administration, promotion, development, and support

204. § 161c. Addition of land; establishment of fish hatchery

205. § 161d. Elimination of fish hatchery; transfer of administration of hatchery to Fish and Wildlife Service

206. § 161e. Additional lands, buildings, or other real and personal property

207. Section 11 of the Act approved February 22, 1889 ( 25 Stat. 676 ), referred to in text, was not classified to the Code.

208. §162 — Control; regulations; leases; sale and removal of timber

209. § 162a. Summer homes and cottages

210. §163 — Jurisdiction by the United States; fugitives from justice

211. §164 — Eliminating private holdings of lands; timber or public lands of equal value in exchange

212. §165 — Value of lands sought to be exchanged

213. §166 — Exchange of timber for private holdings; valuations

214. §167 — Removal of timber

215. § 167a. Exchange of lands and other property

216. §170 — Hunting and fishing; regulations; punishment

217. §171 — Forfeitures and seizures of guns, traps, teams, etc.

218. §178 — Hotel regulations

219. §179 — Donations of buildings and other property

220. §191 — Establishment; boundaries; reclamation project

221. §192 — Boundaries enlarged

222. § 192a. Boundaries revised; excluded lands transferred

223. § 192b. Addition of lands

224. Sec. 33, S½NE¼, SE¼SE¼, and N½SE¼;

225. Sec. 34, N½SW¼NE¼, N½SE¼NW¼, SW¼NW¼, and NW¼SW¼.

226. § 192c. Vested rights

227. §193 — Claims and rights under land laws not affected; rights-of-way for irrigation and other purposes

228. §194 — Lands held in private, municipal, or State ownership not affected

229. §195 — Control; regulations; leases; sale and removal of timber

230. § 195a. North St. Vrain Creek and adjacent lands

231. §196 — Use for Arbuckle Reservoir

232. §197 — Applicability of other laws

233. §198 — Exclusive jurisdiction; assumption by United States; saving provisions

234. § 198c. Prohibited acts; rules and regulations; penalties for offenses

235. § 198d. Forfeiture of property used in commission of offenses

236. §201 — Establishment; boundaries; trespassers; entries under land laws; indemnity lands

237. § 201a. Revision of boundaries

238. § 201b. Sections applicable to lands within revised boundaries

239. §202 — Control; rules and regulations; fish and game; leases; automobiles; stock grazing

240. § 202a. Summer homes and cottages

241. §203 — Sale and removal of timber; charges for leases and privileges

242. §204 — Exclusive jurisdiction ceded to United States by California

243. § 204c. Hunting and fishing; general rules and regulations; protection of property; violation of statutes and rules; penalties

244. § 204d. Forfeiture of property used for unlawful purposes

245. § 204k. Addition of lands

246. § 204l. Application of Federal Power Act

247. § 204m. Vested rights

248. §205 — Additional lands for administrative headquarters site

249. § 205a. Sections made applicable to additional lands

250. §206 — Exchange of lands within exterior boundaries; removal of timber

251. §207 — Exchange of certain lands; adjustment of boundary

252. § 207a. Application of Federal Power Act to lands acquired under section 207

253. § 207b. Exchange of lands with California; adjustment of boundary

254. § 207c. Additional lands from Lassen National Forest; authorization for road

255. §211 — Acceptance of title; terms and conditions; admission fees

256. §212 — Endowment fund; protection and preservation

257. §213 — Execution of instruments necessary to carry out purposes of gift

258. §214 — Rules and regulations

259. §215 — Improvements and preservation of lands and buildings

260. §216 — Authorization of appropriation

261. §217 — Change in name of Abraham Lincoln National Park

262. § 217a. Change in name of Abraham Lincoln National Historical Park

263. § 217b. Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park

264. §218 — Addition of land

265. § 218a. Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park, Kentucky

266. §221 — Establishment; boundaries

267. § 221a. Boundary changed

268. § 221b. Various laws made applicable to added lands

269. § 221c. Exchange of lands

270. § 221d. Relinquishment of interest in road

271. § 221e. Additional lands

272. §222 — Administration, concessions, and privileges; contracts for sale of water

273. §224 — Entries under land laws; toll road

274. §225 — Laws applicable; easements and rights-of-way

275. §227 — Utilization of areas for Government reclamation projects

276. §228 — Buildings on privately owned lands

277. § 228a. Enlargement of boundaries; statement of purpose

278. § 228b. Composition of park

279. § 228c. Acquisition of lands within enlarged boundaries by donation, purchase, or exchange; transfer of jurisdiction over Federal lands

280. § 228d. Acquisition of State of Arizona or local lands by donation or exchange; approval for transfer to United States of Indian trust lands

281. § 228e. Cooperative agreements for protection and unified interpretation of enlarged park; scope of agreements

282. § 228f. Preservation and renewal of existing grazing rights within enlarged boundaries; term of re­newal

283. § 228g. Aircraft or helicopter regulation within enlarged boundaries; procedure for promulgation of administrative rules and regulations

284. § 228h. Construction with existing Colorado River system reclamation provisions

285. § 228i. Havasupai Indian Reservation

286. § 228j. Authorization of appropriations; availability of sums

287. §230 — Establishment; description of area

288. § 230a. Acquisition of property

289. § 230b. Owner’s retention of right of use and occupancy for residential purposes for life or fixed term of years; election of term; fair market value; transfer, assignment or termination; “improved property” defined

290. § 230c. Cooperative agreements; specific provisions

291. § 230d. Hunting, fishing, and trapping; public safety; consultation

292. § 230e. Establishment; notice in Federal Register; administration

293. § 230f. Delta Region Preservation Commission

294. § 230g. Authorization of appropriations; general management plan; submission to Congressional committees

295. § 230h. Change in name of Chalmette National Historical Park

296. § 230i. Report to Congressional committees

297. §231 — Establishment; description of area

298. § 231a. Additional lands

299. § 231b. Acceptance of donations

300. § 231c. Administration, protection, and development

301. § 231d. Repeal of inconsistent laws

302. §241 — Establishment; boundaries; maintenance of roads

303. § 241a. Extension of boundaries

304. § 241b. Exchange of lands

305. § 241c. Additional extension of lands

306. § 241d. Exclusion of lands

307. § 241e. Authority to make further adjustments

308. § 241f. Extension of exchange authority

309. § 241g. Change in name of Theodore Roosevelt National Memorial Park

310. §242 — Condemnation of land; acceptance of donations

311. §243 — Exchange of lands

312. §244 — Construction of log buildings; limitation on cost

313. §245 — Administration, protection, and development

314. §247 — Homestead, mineral, and other rights un­affected

315. §251 — Establishment; boundaries

316. § 251a. Additional lands

317. § 251b. Exchange of lands

318. § 251c. Administration of acquired lands

319. § 251d. Applicability to privately owned lands

320. § 251e. Boundary revision

321. § 251f. Consultation by Secretary with Governor, local officials, and affected landowners; notice to Congressional committees; publication in Federal Register

322. § 251g. Land acquisition; study and investigation of use of private lands; transmittal to President and Congress; transfer of lands to Secretary of Agriculture; excluded property within Indian reservation; continuation of concession contracts; termination of concession contracts and purchase of possessory interest; Indian hunting and fishing rights

323. § 251h. Property retention rights; compensation at fair market value; “improved property” defined

324. § 251i. Land acquisition of privately owned land; report to Congress; condemnation proceedings; compensation

325. § 251j. Property retention rights of landowners; use and occupancy improvements; plan to be submitted to Secretary; approval evidenced by issuance of permit and certificate; limitation on acquisition power of Secretary

326. § 251k. Economic dislocation in land acquisition; exchange of lands; transfers of land within a national forest; concurrence of Secretary of Agriculture

327. § 251l. Retrocession of lands to State; Quileute Indian Reservation jurisdiction; concurrent legislative jurisdiction with State

328. Section 251e of this title and sections 251e to 251m of this title, referred to in text, were in the original “subsection 1(a) of this Act” and “this Act”, respectively. “This Act” means Pub. L. 94–578 .

329. § 251m. Authorization of appropriations

330. § 251n. Additional boundary revision

331. §252 — Disposal of mineral rights

332. §253 — Apportionment of income among counties

333. §254 — Administration, protection, and development

334. §255 — Effect on existing homestead, mineral, etc., entries; revision of boundaries

335. §256 — Acceptance of land ceded by State of Washington; assumption of jurisdiction

336. § 256b. Hunting and fishing; general rules and regulations; protection of property; violation of statutes or rules; penalties

337. § 256c. Forfeiture of property used in hunting, fishing, etc.

338. § 256i. Notice to Governor of Washington; application of laws to subsequently accepted lands

339. §261 — Establishment; description of area

340. §262 — Total area; consent of Congress to acquisition of lands and property and transfer thereof to United States

341. §263 — Acceptance of donations

342. §264 — Administration, protection, and development

343. §265 — Addition of lands

344. §265 — Section 2 of Pub. L. 87–111 authorized to be appropriated such sums, but not more than $30,000, as were necessary to carry out the provisions of this section.

345. §266 — Authorization of appropriations for acquisition of additional lands

346. §267 — Authority of Secretary to acquire additional lands

347. §268 — Authority of Secretary to acquire lands for trailheads

348. § 268a. Acquisition of Fern Lake watershed

349. §271 — Establishment; description of area

350. § 271a. Acquisition of lands; authority of Secretary; exchange of property; cash equalization payments; transfer from Federal agency to administrative jurisdiction of Secretary; lands subject to reclamation and power withdrawals

351. § 271b. Grazing privileges; right of occupancy or use for fixed term of years; renewal

352. § 271c. Access roads

353. § 271d. Administration, protection, and development

354. § 271e. Report to President

355. § 271g. Authorization of appropriations

356. §272 — Establishment of park

357. § 272a. Acquisition of property

358. § 272b. Livestock grazing

359. § 272c. Livestock trails, watering rights; driveway designation and regulation

360. § 272d. Administration, protection, and development; report to President

361. § 272f. Authorization of appropriations

362. § 272g. Land exchange involving school trust land

363. §273 — Establishment

364. § 273a. Acquisition of property; authority of Secretary; State property

365. § 273b. Grazing privileges; right of occupancy or use for fixed term of years; renewal

366. § 273c. Livestock trails, watering rights; driveway regulations

367. § 273d. Administration, protection, and development

368. § 273f. Authorization of appropriations

369. §281 — Purpose

370. § 281a. Designation

371. § 281b. Acquisition of lands; restrictions; tribal-owned lands

372. § 281c. Inclusion of lands

373. § 281d. Establishment; notice in Federal Register; administration

374. § 281e. Contracts and cooperative agreements with State of Idaho, and others

375. § 281f. Authorization of appropriations

376. §282 — Acquisition of property; purpose; authority of Secretary; manner and place; donation of State lands

377. § 282a. Designation; administration, protection, and development

378. § 282b. Cooperative agreements with State of Washington and others; erection and maintenance of tablets or markers

379. § 282c. Authorization of appropriations

380. §283 — Establishment; purposes; boundaries

381. § 283a. Acquisition of lands

382. § 283b. Establishment; notice in Federal Register; property rights

383. § 283c. Administration

384. § 283d. Availability of funds

385. § 283e. Authorization of appropriations; expenditure for improvements limitation

386. §284 — Establishment; statement of purposes; description; acquisition of property; acreage limitation

387. §284 — Section 12 of Pub. L. 89–671 , as added by Pub. L. 97–310 , Oct. 14, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1458 , and amended by Pub. L. 107–219, § 1(a)(1) , Aug. 21, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1330 , provided that: “This Act [enacting this subchapter] may be referred to as the ‘Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts Act’.”

388. § 284a. Administration

389. § 284b. Authorization of appropriations

390. § 284c. Financial assistance for reconstruction of Center

391. Section 4 of Pub. L. 101–636 , as amended by Pub. L. 89–671, § 14(c) , as added Pub. L. 107–219, § 1(a)(3) , Aug. 21, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1330 , provided that: “(a) The amendments made by sections 1 and 2 [amending this section and section 284d of this title ] shall take effect on the date on which the Wolf Trap Foundation for the Performing Arts modifies its agreements entered into pursuant to the Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts Act [this subchapter] in a manner which is consistent with and takes into account the amendments made by this Act [amending this section and section 284d of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 284 of this title ], as determined by the Secretary of the Interior. “(b) The amendment made by section 3 [enacting provisions set out as a note under section 284 of this title ] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [ Nov. 28, 1990 ].”

392. § 284d. Cooperative agreement with Foundation for presentation of programs

393. § 284e. Vested property of United States; status of Foundation

394. § 284g. Cooperation of government agencies

395. § 284h. General management plan; preparation and revision; submittal to Congressional committees

396. § 284i. Authorization of additional appropriations

397. § 284j. Definitions

398. § 284k. References

399. §291 — Establishment; acceptance of land

400. § 291a. Cooperative agreements with property owners of non-Federal property

401. § 291b. Administration, protection, development, and maintenance

402. §341 — Establishment; description of area

403. §342 — Administration, protection, and promotion

404. § 342b. Lafayette National Park name changed to Acadia National Park; land unaffected by Federal Power Act

405. § 343a. Naval radio station, Seawall, Maine, as addition to park

406. § 343b. Addition of lands

407. Section 1136 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in the second par., was repealed and reenacted as sections 4774(d) and 9774(d) of Title 10, Armed Forces, by act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041 , 70A Stat. 1 . Sections 4774(d) and 9774(d) were redesignated as entire sections 4774 and 9774 by Pub. L. 93–166, title V, § 509(c) , (e), Nov. 29, 1973 , 87 Stat. 677 , 678, and subsequently were repealed by Pub. L. 97–214, § 7(1) , July 12, 1982 , 96 Stat. 173 .

408. Section 1463 of title 12 , referred to in the last par., was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 648 .

409. § 343c. Exchange of lands; Jackson Memorial Laboratory

410. § 343d. Exclusion of lands; disposal as surplus property

411. §344 — Establishment; maintenance

412. §345 — Administration, protection, and promotion

413. §346 — Exchange of lands

414. § 346a. Extension of boundaries

415. § 346b. Consolidation of Zion National Park and Zion National Monument

416. § 346c. Administration

417. § 346d. Use of funds

418. § 346e. Authorization for park facilities to be located outside the boundaries of Zion National Park and Yosemite National Park

419. §347 — Establishment; boundaries

420. §348 — Entries under land laws not affected

421. §349 — Rights-of-way

422. §351 — Control; rules and regulations

423. §352 — Game refuge; killing game

424. §353 — Leases

425. §354 — Offenses; punishment

426. §355 — Change of boundaries

427. § 355a. Laws applicable to added lands

428. Section 355 of this title , referred to in text, was in the original referred to by the word “hereby”, meaning section 1 of act Mar. 19, 1932, ch. 88 , 47 Stat. 68 , which is classified to section 355 of this title .

429. §361 — Establishment; supply of water; free baths for indigent; dedication to United States

430. § 361a. Additions to park

431. § 361b. Additions to park

432. § 361c. Additions to park

433. § 361d. Additions to park

434. § 361e. Acceptance of donations

435. § 361f. Exchange of lands

436. § 361g. Modification of park boundary

437. §362 — Leases of bathhouses and sites; supply of water

438. §362 — Section 2 of act Mar. 3, 1891 , authorized the leasing of the Arlington Hotel site for a term which has expired. Provision for leasing this property was made by act Aug. 24, 1912, ch. 355, § 1 , 37 Stat. 459 .

439. §363 — Rules and regulations

440. §364 — Investigation of applicant for lease or contract

441. §365 — Taxation, under State laws

442. §366 — Collection of water on reservation

443. §367 — Sale of lots

444. §368 — Operation of bathhouse in connection with hotel

445. §369 — Charges assessable against bath attendants and masseurs and physicians prescribing use of hot waters

446. § 370a. Retention of Arlington Hotel site for park and landscape purposes

447. §371 — Use of free bathhouses limited

448. §372 — Laws operative within judicial district of Arkansas

449. §372 — Section 38 of act June 25, 1948 , provided that the amendment made by that act is effective Sept. 1, 1948 .

450. § 372a. Acceptance of jurisdiction over part of park; application of laws

451. Section 376 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 39 , 62 Stat. 992 , eff. Sept. 1, 1948 . See section 636 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

452. §373 — Injuries to property

453. §374 — Taking or use of or bathing in water in violation of rules and regulations

454. §391 — Establishment; boundaries

455. § 391a. Boundary on island of Maui changed

456. § 391b. Extension of boundaries

457. § 391c. Withdrawal of lands for use as bombing target range

458. § 391d. Change in name of part of Hawaii National Park

459. §392 — Acquisition of privately owned lands

460. §392 — Section 1 of act Feb. 27, 1920 , is the source of that portion of this section preceding “but the provisions of section 73”; remainder being from section 2 of that Act.

461. §392 — Section 73 of an Act approved April 30, 1900 , referred to in text, was classified to sections 663, 664, 665 to 677b, 1509 to 1512 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions. Those sections were omitted from the Code as obsolete.

462. § 392a. Provisions of section 392 extended to additional lands

463. § 392b. Conveyance of added lands to United States by Governor

464. § 392c. Addition to Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park

465. §393 — Entries under land laws; rights-of-way; lands excluded

466. §394 — Control; rules and regulations; leases; appropriations

467. §395 — Exclusive jurisdiction in United States; exceptions; laws applicable; fugitives from justice

468. § 395c. Hunting and fishing; general rules and regulations; protection of property; violation of statutes and rules; penalties

469. § 395d. Forfeiture of property used for unlawful purposes

470. §396 — Additional lands; acceptance of title

471. § 396a. Lease of lands to native Hawaiians, residence requirements; fishing

472. § 396b. Establishment; boundaries; administration

473. § 396c. Land acquisition; authorization of appropriations

474. § 396d. Establishment

475. Section 503(a) of title V of div. I of Pub. L. 104–333 , as amended by Pub. L. 106–510, § 3(c)(2) , Nov. 13, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2364 , provided that: “Notwithstanding section 505(f)(7) of Public Law 95–625 ( 16 U.S.C. 396d(f)(7) ), the Na Hoa Pili O Kaloko-Honoko̅hau, the Advisory Commission for Kaloko-Honoko̅hau National Historical Park, is hereby re-established in accordance with section 505(f), as amended by paragraph (2) of this subsection [probably should be ‘subsection (b) of this section’, amending this section].”

476. § 396e. Exchange of lands

477. § 396f. Acquisition of private lands; creation of surplus property accounts; transfer and sale of accounts

478. §397 — Establishment; boundaries

479. § 397a. Establishment; notice in Federal Register

480. § 397b. Procurement of lands

481. § 397c. Acquisition of lands by Governor of the Territory of Hawaii

482. § 397d. Administration

483. §398 — Establishment; administration

484. § 398a. Conditions and limitations

485. § 398c. Addition of lands

486. § 398d. Acquisition of lands, waters, and interests therein

487. § 398e. Bathing and fishing rights protected

488. § 398f. Authorization of appropriations for acquisitions, grants, etc.

489. §401 — Establishment; boundaries; administration

490. §402 — Existing claims, locations, or entries not affected; exchange of lands

491. § 402a. Utah National Park; change of name to Bryce Canyon National Park

492. § 402b. Additions to park

493. § 402c. Further additions to park

494. § 402d. Extension of boundaries; laws applicable

495. § 402e. Application of Federal Power Act

496. § 402f. Further additions to park

497. § 402g. Elimination of lands

498. §403 — Establishment; boundaries

499. § 403a. Acceptance of title to lands

500. § 403b. Administration, protection, and development; Federal Power Act inapplicable; minimum area

501. § 403d. Lease of lands within Shenandoah National Park and Great Smoky Mountains National Park

502. § 403e. Acceptance of title to lands; reservations; leases; rights-of-way and easements

503. § 403f. Great Smoky Mountains National Park; extension of boundaries

504. § 403g. Establishment; minimum area

505. § 403h. Inclusion of acquired lands

506. § 403i. Secretary of the Interior authorized to purchase necessary lands

507. § 403j. Authorization of appropriation

508. § 403k. Boundary between Great Smoky Mountains National Park and Cherokee-Pisgah-Nantahala National Forests

509. §404 — Establishment; boundaries

510. § 404a. Acceptance of title to lands

511. § 404b. Administration, protection, and development; Federal Power Act inapplicable; minimum area

512. § 404d. Acceptance of title to lands; reservations; leases; rights-of-way and easements

513. § 404e. Donations of money; acquisition of title to lands

514. § 404f. Acquisition of additional lands

515. §405 — Reservation for park and camp sites

516. § 405a. Rules and regulations; fees

517. §407 — Establishment; description of area

518. § 407a. Administration, protection, and development

519. § 407aa. Findings and purposes

520. § 407b. Applicability of Federal Power Act

521. § 407bb. Establishment

522. § 407cc. Acquisition of site for and operation of Center

523. § 407d. Admission and guide fees exempt from tax

524. § 407dd. Directives to Secretary

525. § 407e. Boundaries

526. § 407ee. Authorization of appropriations

527. § 407f. Exchange of lands

528. § 407g. State right-of-way for park-type road; reconveyance of interest upon completion of road

529. § 407h. Authorization of appropriations

530. § 407m. Establishment; acquisition of land; property involved

531. § 407n. Cooperative agreements between Secretary of the Interior and City of Philadelphia; contents

532. § 407o. Construction of buildings; acceptance of donations

533. § 407p. Establishment of advisory commission; composition, appointment, and duties

534. § 407q. Administration, protection, and development

535. § 407r. Authorization of appropriations

536. § 407s. Administration and operation of properties; use of funds; contracts

537. §408 — Establishment; acquisition of land

538. § 408a. Acceptance of title to lands

539. § 408b. Administration, protection, and development

540. § 408c. Acceptance of title to lands; reservations; leases; rights-of-way and easements

541. § 408d. Addition of lands purchased within boundaries for conservation or forestation purposes

542. § 408e. Addition of lands; Passage Island

543. § 408f. Former Siskiwit Islands Bird Reservation

544. § 408g. Submerged lands surrounding islands

545. § 408h. Federally owned lands within park boundaries

546. § 408i. Acceptance of territory ceded by Michigan; jurisdiction

547. § 408k. Hunting and fishing; general rules and regulations; protection of property; violation of statutes or rules; penalties

548. § 408l. Forfeiture of property used in hunting, fishing, etc.

549. §409 — Establishment; acquisition of land

550. § 409a. Acceptance of title to lands

551. § 409b. George Washington headquarters; maintenance

552. § 409c. Board of advisers

553. § 409d. Employees of Washington Association of New Jersey

554. § 409e. Administration, protection, and development

555. § 409f. Jurisdiction of New Jersey in civil, criminal and legislative matters retained; citizenship unaffected

556. § 409g. Additional lands

557. Section 3 of Pub. L. 88–601 , as amended by Pub. L. 93–477, title I, § 101(8) , Oct. 26, 1974 , 88 Stat. 1445 , provided that: “There are authorized to be appropriated such sums, but not more than $2,111,000 for acquisition of lands and interests in land, as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act [sections 409g and 409h of this title].”

558. § 409h. Administration of additional lands

559. § 409i. Acquisition of Warren Property for Morristown National Historical Park

560. §410 — Establishment; acquisition of land When title to all the lands within boundaries to be determined by the Secretary of the Interior within the area of approximately two thousand square miles in the region of the Everglades of Dade, Monroe, and Collier Counties, in the State of Florida, recommended by said Secretary, in his report to Congress of December 3, 1930, pursuant to the Act of March 1, 1929 (45 Stat. 1443), shall have been vested in the United States, said lands shall be, and are, established, dedicated, and set apart as a public park for the benefit and enjoyment of the people and shall be known as the Everglades National Park: Provided, That the United States shall not purchase by appropriation of public moneys any land within the aforesaid area, but such lands shall be secured by the United States only by public or private donation. (May 30, 1934, ch. 371, §1, 48 Stat. 816 .)

561. § 410a. Acceptance of title to lands

562. § 410aa. Establishment

563. § 410aaa. Findings

564. § 410aaaa. Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie National Historical Park

565. § 410b. Administration, protection, and development

566. § 410bb. Establishment

567. § 410bbb. Findings and purpose

568. § 410bbbb. Reconstruction Era National Historical Park and Reconstruction Era National Historic Network

569. § 410c. Preservation of primitive condition

570. § 410cc. Congressional statement of findings and purpose

571. § 410ccc. Findings and purposes

572. § 410cccc. Acquisition of lands

573. § 410d. Acceptance and protection of property pending establishment of park; publication of establishment order

574. § 410dd. Establishment

575. § 410ddd. New Bedford Whaling National Historical Park

576. Section 101(e) of title 10 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was redesignated section 101(f) of title 10 , and a new subsec. 101(e) of title 10 was added, by Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVII, § 1713(a) , Dec. 22, 2023 , 137 Stat. 625 .

577. § 410dddd. White Sands National Park

578. § 410e. Acquisition of additional lands; reservation of oil, gas, and mineral rights; reservation of royalty rights

579. § 410ee. San Antonio Missions National Historical Park

580. § 410eee. Findings and purposes

581. § 410eeee. New River Gorge National Park and Preserve Designation

582. Section 402 of the West Virginia National Interest River Conservation Act of 1987, referred to in subsec. (c)(4), is section 402 of Pub. L. 100–534 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 460m–15 of this title prior to transfer and is now set out as a note below.

583. § 410f. Limitation of Federal action during reservation period

584. § 410ff. Establishment

585. § 410fff. Findings

586. § 410ffff. Definitions

587. § 410g. Rules and regulations governing reservation rights

588. § 410gg. Establishment; description of boundary; minor boundary revisions; publication in Federal Register

589. § 410ggg. Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park

590. § 410gggg. Homestead National Historical Park; establishment

591. § 410h. Ascertainment of owners’ election regarding reservation rights

592. § 410hh. Establishment of new areas

593. § 410hhh. Findings

594. § 410hhhh. Establishment of Jimmy Carter National Historic Site 1 1 So in original. Probably should be “Historical Park”. See Codification note below.

595. § 410i. Exterior boundaries; administration

596. § 410ii. Findings and purpose

597. § 410iii. Purpose

598. § 410iiii. Definitions

599. § 410j. Acquisition of land, water, and interests therein; consent of owner; reservations

600. § 410jj. Establishment

601. § 410jjj. Establishment

602. § 410jjjj. Designation of Pullman National Historical Park

603. § 410k. Limitation of Federal action during reservation period

604. § 410kk. Establishment

605. § 410kkk. Definitions

606. § 410l. Rules and regulations governing reservation rights

607. § 410ll. Establishment

608. Section 501 of Pub. L. 96–607 directed Secretary of the Interior, within three complete fiscal years from Dec. 28, 1980 , to submit to Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, comprehensive general management plans for the areas established pursuant to titles XII and XVI of Pub. L. 96–607 , pursuant to the provisions of former section 1a–7(b) of this title .

609. § 410lll. Paterson Great Falls National Historical Park, New Jersey

610. § 410m. Ascertainment of owners’ election regarding reservation rights

611. § 410mm. Establishment

612. § 410mmm. Thomas Edison National Historical Park, New Jersey

613. § 410n. Drainage of lands; right-of-way

614. § 410nn. Establishment

615. § 410nnn. Findings

616. Section 506(b) of Pub. L. 95–625 , referred to in par. (1), is set out as a note under section 410nnn–1 of this title .

617. § 410o. Exchange of land, water, and interests therein

618. § 410oo. Purposes

619. § 410ooo. Findings

620. § 410p. Authorization of appropriations

621. § 410ppp. Blackstone River Valley National Historical Park

622. § 410q. Exchange of lands

623. § 410qq. Findings and purpose

624. § 410qqq. Coltsville National Historical Park

625. § 410r. Lands acquired as part of park; rules and regulations

626. § 410rr. Purpose

627. § 410rrr. First State National Historical Park

628. § 410s. Establishment

629. § 410ss. Establishment

630. § 410sss. Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Historical Park, Maryland

631. § 410t. Acquisition and transfer of lands; private owner’s retention of right of use and occupancy

632. § 410tt. Findings

633. § 410ttt. Harriet Tubman National Historical Park, Auburn, New York

634. § 410u. Preservation of historic sites

635. § 410uu. Renaming

636. § 410uuu. Manhattan Project National Historical Park

637. § 410v. Appointment and composition of advisory commission

638. § 410vv. Purposes

639. § 410vvv. Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve

640. § 410w. Administration, protection, and development

641. § 410ww. Establishment

642. § 410www. Establishment of Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historical Park

643. § 410x. Authorization of appropriations

644. § 410xx. Establishment

645. Section 201 of Public Law 96–287 , referred to in subsec. (b), appears in a table under the heading “National Monuments Established Under Presidential Proclamation”, set out as a note under section 320301 of Title 54 , National Park Service and Related Programs.

646. § 410xxx. Ste. Genevieve National Historical Park

647. § 410y. Definitions

648. § 410yy. Findings and purposes

649. § 410yyy. Establishment; acquisition of property

650. § 410z. Establishment

651. § 410zz. Findings and purpose

652. § 410zzz. Acquisition of lands

653. §419 — Transferred

654. §422 — Moores Creek National Battlefield; establishment

655. § 422a. Acceptance of lands

656. § 422b. Duties of Secretary of the Interior

657. § 422c. Ascertaining and marking of lines of battle

658. § 422d. Monuments, etc., protected

659. §423 — Petersburg National Battlefield; establishment

660. § 423a. Acceptance of donations of lands

661. § 423b. Commission; organization

662. § 423c. Duties of commission

663. § 423d. Acceptance and disposition of gifts

664. § 423e. Ascertaining and marking lines of battle

665. § 423f. Protection of monuments, etc.

666. § 423g. Rules and regulations

667. § 423h. Report of completion; superintendent of battlefield

668. § 423m. Eutaw Springs Battlefield Site; establishment; purpose

669. § 423n. Acceptance of lands and funds; acquisition of lands

670. § 423o. Administration, protection, and development

671. §424 — Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park

672. § 424a. Acceptance of donations of lands

673. § 424b. Application of laws to donated lands

674. § 424c. Moccasin Bend National Archeological District

675. §425 — Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania County Battle Fields Memorial; establishment

676. § 425a. Acquisition of lands

677. § 425b. Leasing lands for memorial

678. § 425c. Commission; organization

679. § 425d. Duties of commission

680. § 425e. Acceptance and distribution of gifts

681. § 425f. Ascertaining and marking lines of battle

682. § 425g. Protection of monuments, etc.

683. § 425h. Rules and regulations

684. § 425i. Report of completion of acquisition of land and work of commission; superintendent of park

685. § 425j. Authorization of appropriation

686. § 425k. Revision of park boundaries

687. § 425l. Acquisitions and conveyances

688. § 425m. Retained rights

689. § 425n. Interpretation

690. § 425o. Authorization of appropriations

691. §426 — Stones River National Battlefield; establishment; appointment of commission

692. § 426a. Qualifications of members of commission

693. § 426b. Duties of commission

694. § 426c. Assistants to commission; expenses of commission

695. § 426d. Receipt of report of commission by Secretary of the Interior; acquisition of land for battlefield; other duties of Secretary

696. § 426e. Lands acquired declared national battlefield; name

697. § 426f. Control of battlefield; regulations

698. § 426g. Occupation of lands by former owners

699. § 426h. Ascertaining and marking lines of battle

700. § 426i. Protection of monuments, etc.

701. § 426j. Authorization of appropriation; fixing of boundaries as condition to purchase of lands

702. § 426k. Acquisition of additional lands

703. § 426l. Redesignation; availability of appropriations

704. § 426m. Administration, protection, and development

705. § 426n. Boundary revision of Stones River National Battlefield

706. § 426o. Agreement with Murfreesboro, Tennessee, respecting battlefield

707. § 426p. Authorization of appropriations

708. §427 — Site of battle with Sioux Indians; purchase; erection of monument

709. §428 — Fort Donelson National Battlefield; establishment; appointment of commission

710. § 428a. Qualifications of members of commission

711. § 428b. Duties of commission

712. § 428c. Assistants to commission; expenses of commission

713. § 428d. Receipt of report of commission by Secretary of the Interior; acquisition of land for battlefield; other duties of Secretary

714. § 428e. Lands acquired declared national battlefield; name

715. § 428f. Control of battlefield; regulations

716. § 428g. Occupation of lands by former owners

717. § 428h. Ascertaining and marking line of battle

718. § 428i. Protection of monuments, etc.

719. § 428k. Addition of lands

720. § 428l. Acquisition of lands; agreement for transfer of jurisdiction

721. § 428m. Authorization of appropriation

722. § 428n. Change in name to Fort Donelson National Battlefield

723. § 428o. Administration, protection, and development

724. § 428p. Fort Donelson National Battlefield

725. §429 — Brices Cross Roads and Tupelo battlefields in Mississippi; establishment

726. § 429a. Jurisdiction and control; authorization of annual appropriation

727. § 429b. Manassas National Battlefield Park

728. §430 — Kings Mountain National Military Park; establishment

729. § 430a. Acquisition of land

730. § 430aa. Pea Ridge National Military Park; establishment

731. § 430b. Control; regulations for care and management

732. § 430bb. Determination of desirable areas

733. § 430c. Permits to occupy land

734. § 430cc. Administration, protection, and development; improvements

735. § 430d. Repair of roads; historical markers

736. § 430dd. Dedication

737. § 430e. Monuments and tablets within park; approval

738. § 430ee. Authorization of appropriations

739. § 430f. Shiloh National Military Park

740. § 430ff. Horseshoe Bend National Military Park; establishment

741. § 430g. Gettysburg National Military Park

742. § 430gg. Determination of desirable areas

743. § 430h. Vicksburg National Military Park

744. § 430hh. Administration, protection, and development; improvements

745. § 430i. Guilford Courthouse National Military Park

746. § 430ii. Dedication

747. Section 14, township 23 north, range 23 east; west half of northwest quarter and northeast quarter of northwest quarter of section 23, township 23 north, range 23 east; section 15 and section 22, township 23 north, range 23 east, less and except the following described parts of said sections 15 and 22, township 23 north, range 23 east, known as Alabama Power Company lands, described as follows: Northeast quarter (NE¼), northeast quarter of northwest quarter (NE¼ of NW¼), northeast quarter of southeast quarter (NE¼ of SE¼), fractions A, B, C and E of section 15; fractions B, D, and E of section 22; all in township 23 north, range 23 east; also one-half acre known as the Ferry Landing on the south side of the Tallapoosa River in section 15, more particularly described as follows: Commence at the southwest corner of section 15, township 23 north, range 23 east, Tallapoosa County, Alabama; thence south 89 degrees 00 minutes east 1968 feet to a point; thence north 1 degree 00 minutes west 1267 feet to a point on the southerly bank of the Tallapoosa River and the point of beginning of the parcel herein intended to be described; thence south 52 degrees 00 minutes west 147.6 feet to a point; thence north 38 degrees 00 minutes west 147.6 feet to a point; thence north 52 degrees 00 minutes east 147.6 feet to a point on the southerly bank of said river; thence upstream along the southerly bank of the river south 38 degrees 00 minutes east 147.6 feet to the point of beginning, and being situated in the east half of the southwest quarter of section 15, township 23 north, range 23 east, Tallapoosa County, Alabama; also a parcel of land known as Miller’s Island in the Tallapoosa River just south of the river bridge more particularly described as follows: Commencing at the southwest corner of said section 15, township 23 north, range 23 east, Tallapoosa County, Alabama; thence south 89 degrees 00 minutes east 2605 feet to a point on the west bank of said island, which is the point of beginning; thence north 5 degrees 00 minutes east 220 feet to a point; thence north 8 degrees 00 minutes west 510 feet to a point; thence north 82 degrees 00 minutes east 350 feet to a point; thence north 55 degrees 30 minutes east 75 feet to a point; thence north 82 degrees 00 minutes east 115 feet to a point; thence south 17 degrees 00 minutes east 330 feet to a point; thence south 8 degrees 00 minutes east 270 feet to a point; thence south 77 degrees 45 minutes west 270 feet to a point; thence south 59 degrees 35 minutes west 160 feet to a point; thence south 36 degrees 06 minutes west 650 feet to a point; thence north 5 degrees 00 minutes east 530 feet to the point of beginning, containing 14.11 acres, more or less, and being situated in sections 15 and 22, township 23 north, range 23 east, Tallapoosa County, Alabama. Less and except 5.1 acres in said section 15, township 23 north, range 23 east, previously conveyed by Nora E. Miller to Horseshoe Bend Battle Park Commission, described as follows: Beginning at a point which is 13 chains and 51 links south 75 degrees 30 minutes west of a point on the west line of section 14, township 23 north, range 23 east, which is 69 chains south of the northwest corner of said section 14; thence west 8 chains and 50 links, thence south 6 chains, thence east 8 chains and 50 links, thence north 6 chains to the point of beginning. Said 5.1-acre exception in said section 15 has heretofore been conveyed to the United States of America by patent from the State of Alabama.

748. § 430j. Monocacy National Battlefield; establishment

749. § 430jj. Authorization of appropriations

750. § 430k. Condemnation proceedings; purchase without condemnation; acceptance of donations of land

751. § 430kk. Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield: establishment and acquisition of lands

752. § 430l. Leases with preceding owners of acquired lands; conditions

753. § 430ll. Designation

754. § 430m. Administration

755. § 430mm. Authorization of appropriations

756. § 430nn. Antietam Battlefield site; acquisition of lands, buildings, structures, and other property

757. § 430o. Gifts and donations; acceptance by Secretary

758. § 430oo. Acquisition of lands for preservation, protection and improvement; limitation

759. § 430p. Right of States to enter and mark battle lines

760. § 430pp. Fort Necessity National Battlefield; acquisition of land

761. § 430q. Offenses

762. § 430qq. Exchange of lands

763. § 430r. Rules and regulations

764. § 430rr. Change in name to Fort Necessity National Battlefield

765. § 430s. Authorization of appropriations

766. § 430ss. Administration, protection, and development

767. § 430t. Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park; establishment

768. § 430tt. Authorization of appropriation

769. § 430u. Donations of land; purchase and condemnation

770. § 430uu. Big Hole National Battlefield; redesignation of monument

771. § 430v. Monuments and memorials; regulations; historical markers

772. § 430vv. River Raisin National Battlefield Park

773. § 430w. Administration, protection, and development

774. § 430x. Authorization of appropriations; authorization to expand boundaries

775. § 430y. Spanish War Memorial Park; establishment

776. § 430z. Monument within park; construction authorized

777. § 433a. Perry’s Victory and International Peace Memorial; establishment

778. § 433b. Administration, protection, and development

779. § 433c. Acceptance of donations of lands and funds; acquisition of land

780. § 433f. Inconsistent laws repealed

781. § 433g. Fort Frederica National Monument; establishment

782. § 433h. Donation of property; acquisition of lands

783. § 433i. Museum; historical markers

784. § 433j. Administration, protection, and development

785. § 433k. Whitman Mission National Historic Site; acquisition of land; establishment, supervision and maintenance

786. § 433l. Erection of monuments and tablets

787. § 433m. Authorization of appropriation

788. § 433n. Change in name of Whitman National Monument

789. §434 — National monument in Riverside County, California

790. §435 — Acquiring reservation land

791. §437 — Fort McHenry; restoration and preservation

792. §438 — Repairs and improvements; how made

793. §439 — Land for use of Secretary of the Treasury

794. §440 — Closure in times of national emergency

795. § 440a. Change in name of Fort McHenry Park

796. §441 — Badlands National Park; establishment

797. § 441a. Boundaries

798. § 441b. Construction of highway by State of South Dakota

799. § 441c. Administration, protection, and promotion; franchises for hotel and lodge accommodations

800. § 441d. Examinations, excavations, and gathering of objects of interest within park

801. § 441e. Effective date of sections 441 to 441d

802. § 441f. Adjustment and redefinition of boundaries

803. § 441g. Orders to effectuate revision of boundaries; publication

804. Section 441f of this title , referred to in text, was in the original “sections 1 and 5 of this Act”. Section 1 of the Act is classified to section 441f of this title . Section 5 is probably a reference to section 5 of the original bill, which would have authorized the inclusion of up to 4,000 acres of the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation within the Badlands National Monument. Such section 5 was stricken from the bill by Senate amendment, and as enacted the Act contained only four sections.

805. § 441h. Jurisdiction of mining and mineral rights; patents

806. § 441i. Exchanges of land

807. § 441j. Revision of boundaries

808. § 441k. Acquisition of property for park

809. § 441l. Exchange of lands; transfer from Federal agency to administrative jurisdiction of Secretary; terms and conditions of purchase

810. § 441m. Disposition of excess gunnery range lands and reservation lands; purchase; terms and conditions; life estates and use restrictions

811. § 441n. Lands outside gunnery range; exchange of lands; reservation of mineral rights; grazing and mineral development rights of Indians; execution of instruments; trust title

812. § 441o. Facilities for interpretation of park and history of Sioux Nation; conveyance of reservation lands; submission of terms to Congressional committees

813. §442 — George Washington Birthplace National Monument

814. §444 — Petrified Forest National Monument; elimination of private holdings of land within boundaries; exchange of lands

815. § 444a. Ascertainment of value of lands offered for exchange; evidence of title

816. §445 — Canyon De Chelly National Monument; establishment; boundaries

817. § 445a. Rights and privileges of Navajo Indians in canyons

818. § 445b. Administration by National Park Service; powers and duties

819. § 445c. Pipestone National Monument

820. § 445d. Acquisition of additional lands, Pipestone School Reserve and non-Federal land; redefining of boundaries; quarry rights of Indians

821. §446 — Sites for tablets at Antietam; care and supervision

822. §448 — Pioneer National Monument; establishment

823. §449 — Acceptance of donations of land and funds; acquisition of land

824. §450 — Administration, protection, and development

825. § 450a. Chalmette, Louisiana, Monument

826. § 450aa. George Washington Carver National Monument; acquisition of land

827. Section 4 of act July 14, 1943 , as amended Sept. 9, 1950, ch. 940 , 64 Stat. 829 , provided that: “There are authorized to be appropriated such sums not to exceed $150,000 as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act [sections 450aa to 450aa–2 of this title].”

828. § 450bb. Harpers Ferry National Historical Park

829. § 450cc. Castle Clinton National Monument; establishment

830. § 450dd. De Soto National Memorial; establishment

831. Section 3 of act Mar. 11, 1948 , as amended Aug. 21, 1950, ch. 768 , 64 Stat. 469 ; Sept. 8, 1960 , Pub. L. 86–728, § 1B , 74 Stat. 856 ; Nov. 10, 1978 , Pub. L. 95–625, title I, § 101(8) , 92 Stat. 3471 ; Oct. 12, 1979 , Pub. L. 96–87, title IV, § 401(a) , 93 Stat. 665 , provided that: “There is hereby authorized to be appropriated such sums, not to exceed $292,000, as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act [sections 450dd and 450dd–1 of this title].”

832. § 450ee. Fort Sumter National Monument; establishment

833. § 450ff. Fort Vancouver National Historic Site; establishment

834. § 450hh. Saint Croix Island International Historic Site; establishment; acceptance of land; size

835. § 450ii. Joshua Tree National Monument; revision of boundaries

836. § 450jj. Jefferson National Expansion Memorial; authorization

837. Section 11, formerly section 4, of act May 17, 1954 , as amended by Pub. L. 85–936 , Sept. 6, 1958 , 72 Stat. 1794 ; Pub. L. 89–269 , Oct. 19, 1965 , 79 Stat. 991 ; Pub. L. 94–578, title II, § 201(6) , Oct. 21, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2733 ; and renumbered § 11 and amended by Pub. L. 98–398, title II, § 201(b) , Aug. 24, 1984 , 98 Stat. 1471 ; Pub. L. 102–355, § 1(3) , Aug. 26, 1992 , 106 Stat. 947 , provided that: “(a) There is hereby authorized to be appropriated not to exceed $32,750,000 to carry out the purposes of this Act [sections 450jj to 450jj–9 of this title]: Provided , That funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act shall be expended by the United States for construction of the memorial in the ratio of $3 of Federal funds for each $1 of money contributed hereafter by the city of Saint Louis or other non-Federal source for purposes of the memorial, and for such purposes the Secretary is authorized to accept from the said city or other non-Federal sources, and to utilize for purposes of this Act, any money so contributed: Provided further , That the value of any land hereafter contributed by the city of Saint Louis shall be excluded from the computation of the city’s share. “(b) (1) For the purposes of the East St. Louis portion of the memorial, there are authorized to be appropriated $2,000,000 for land acquisition and, subject to the provisions of paragraphs (2) and (3), such sums as may be necessary for development: Provided , That such authorization shall not include any sums for the acquisition, removal, or relocation of the grain elevator and business located within the East St. Louis unit of the Memorial. Such development shall be consistent with the level of development described in phase one of the draft Development and Management Plan and Environmental Assessment, East St. Louis Addition to Jefferson National Expansion Memorial—Illinois/Missouri, dated August 1987. “(2) Federal funds expended under paragraph (1) for development may not exceed 75 percent of the actual cost of such development. The remaining share of such actual costs shall be provided from non-Federal funds, services, or materials, or a combination thereof, fairly valued as determined by the Secretary. Any non-Federal expenditures for the acquisition, removal, or relocation of the grain elevator and business shall be included as part of the non-Federal cost share: Provided , That credit shall not be given for any such expenditures which exceed the cost of acquisition, removal, or relocation of the grain elevator and business located within the East St. Louis unit of the Memorial if such action had been accomplished by the Federal Government as determined by the Secretary under existing law: Provided further , That only those non-Federal funds expended at least sixty days after the transmission of the report referred to in paragraph (3) for the removal of such grain elevator shall be credited towards the non-Federal cost share. For the purposes of this paragraph, the Secretary may accept and utilize for such purposes any non-Federal funds, services, and materials so contributed. “(3) Within one year after the date of enactment of this paragraph [ Aug. 26, 1992 ], the Secretary, in direct consultation with the city of East St. Louis, Gateway Arch Park Expansion, and the Southwestern Illinois Development Authority, shall develop and transmit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the United States Senate and the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs [now Committee on Natural Resources] of the United States House of Representatives a study of alternatives to, and costs associated with, the removal of the grain elevator located within the East St. Louis unit of the Memorial. The study shall contain, but need not be limited to, at least one alternative which would incorporate and retain the existing grain elevator into the draft development and management plan and environmental assessment referred to in paragraph (1). “(c) Funds appropriated under subsection (b) of this section shall remain available until expended.”

838. § 450kk. Fort Union National Monument; acquisition of site and other lands; reversions and reservations

839. § 450l. Fort Stanwix National Monument; establishment

840. § 450ll. Booker T. Washington National Monument; acquisition of site

841. Section 4 of act Apr. 2, 1956 , as amended by Pub. L. 92–272, title II, § 201(2) , Apr. 11, 1972 , 86 Stat. 120 , provided that: “There are authorized to be appropriated such sums not to exceed $600,000 as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this act [sections 450 ll to 450 ll –2 of this title].”

842. § 450m. Acceptance of donations of lands and funds; acquisition of land

843. § 450n. Administration, protection, and development

844. § 450nn. General Grant National Memorial; establishment

845. § 450o. Andrew Johnson National Historic Site; authorization

846. § 450oo. Grand Portage National Monument; establishment; effective date

847. § 450p. Acquisition of property; donations

848. § 450pp. Roger Williams National Memorial; acquisition of site

849. § 450q. Administration, protection, and development

850. § 450r. Ackia Battleground National Monument; establishment

851. § 450rr. R.M.S. Titanic; international maritime memorial; findings and purposes

852. § 450ss. Findings and purposes

853. § 450t. Administration, protection, and development

854. § 450u. Transferred

855. Section 450w, act Mar. 19, 1936, ch. 157, § 3 , 49 Stat. 1184 , which related to administration of The Homestead National Monument of America and establishment of a museum, was transferred to section 410gggg–1 of this title .

856. Section 450x, act Mar. 19, 1936, ch. 157, § 4 , 49 Stat. 1184 , which authorized annual appropriations, was transferred to section 410gggg–2 of this title .

857. § 450x. Transferred

858. § 450y. Coronado National Memorial; establishment

859. §453 — Donations of land for park purposes near or adjacent to National Forest Reserve in North Carolina

860. §459 — Cape Hatteras National Seashore Recreational Area; conditional establishment; acquisition of lands

861. § 459a. Acceptance of donations; acquisition of property by purchase and condemnation

862. § 459b. Cape Cod National Seashore; description of area

863. § 459c. Point Reyes National Seashore; purposes; authorization for establishment

864. § 459d. Padre Island National Seashore; description of land and waters

865. § 459e. Fire Island National Seashore

866. § 459f. Assateague Island National Seashore; purposes; description of area

867. § 459g. Cape Lookout National Seashore; purposes; authorization for establishment; description of area

868. § 459h. Gulf Islands National Seashore

869. § 459i. Cumberland Island National Seashore; establishment; boundary revisions: notification of Congressional committees, publication in Federal Register

870. § 459j. Canaveral National Seashore; establishment; boundary; boundary revisions; limitation on area

871. § 459r. Disposition of recreational demonstration projects

872. § 459s. Lands for certain projects added to certain projects

873. § 459t. Secretary of the Interior authorized to execute deeds and leases for project lands; inclusion of conditional covenants

874. § 459u. Exchange of recreational demonstration project lands by grantee

875. §460 — Natchez Trace Parkway

876. § 460a. Licenses or permits for right-of-way over parkway lands

877. § 460aa. Establishment

878. § 460aaa. Establishment

879. § 460aaaa. Nellis Dunes Off-Highway Vehicle Recreation Area

880. § 460bb. Establishment

881. § 460bbb. Findings

882. § 460bbbb. Ashley Karst National Recreation and Geologic Area

883. Section 460bbbb, Pub. L. 96–428, § 1 , Oct. 10, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1839 ; Pub. L. 102–575, title XL, § 4024(a) , Oct. 30, 1992 , 106 Stat. 4768 ; Pub. L. 115–108, § 2(1) –(3), Jan. 8, 2018 , 131 Stat. 2267 , related to establishment of Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historical Park.

884. Section 460bbbb–1, Pub. L. 96–428, § 2 , Oct. 10, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1839 ; Pub. L. 108–314, § 3 , Oct. 5, 2004 , 118 Stat. 1199 ; Pub. L. 115–108, § 2(2) , (3), Jan. 8, 2018 , 131 Stat. 2267 , related to administration of the Park.

885. Section 460bbbb–2, Pub. L. 96–428, § 3 , Oct. 10, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1840 ; Pub. L. 115–108, § 2(3) , (4), Jan. 8, 2018 , 131 Stat. 2267 , related to authority of Secretary regarding property and concessions.

886. Section 460bbbb–3, Pub. L. 96–428, § 4 , Oct. 10, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1841 , related to establishment of the Martin Luther King, Junior, National Historic Site Advisory Commission.

887. Section 460bbbb–4, Pub. L. 96–428, § 5 , Oct. 10, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1842 ; Pub. L. 115–108, § 2(3) , Jan. 8, 2018 , 131 Stat. 2267 , related to prohibition of entrance or admission fees.

888. Section 460bbbb–5, Pub. L. 96–428, § 6 , Oct. 10, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1842 ; Pub. L. 102–575, title XL, § 4024(b) , Oct. 30, 1992 , 106 Stat. 4768 , related to authorization of appropriations and limitation on authority to enter into contracts, incur obligations, or make payments.

889. Section 460bbbb–6, Pub. L. 96–428, § 7 , Oct. 10, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1842 , related to minimization of adverse impacts on preservation district.

890. Section 460bbbb–7, Pub. L. 96–428, § 8 , Oct. 10, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1843 , related to submission of comprehensive general management plan.

891. § 460cc. Establishment

892. § 460ccc. Definitions

893. § 460cccc. John Wesley Powell National Conservation Area

894. § 460d. Construction and operation of public parks and recreational facilities in water resource development projects; lease of lands; preference for use; penalty; application of section 3401 of title 18 ; citations and arrests with and without process; limitations; disposition of receipts

895. § 460dd. Establishment; boundaries; publication in Federal Register

896. § 460ddd. Establishment

897. § 460dddd. Establishment of Recreation Area

898. § 460e. Authorization for sale of public lands; rights of lessee

899. § 460ee. Establishment

900. Section 218 of the Flood Control Act of 1968, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 218 of Pub. L. 90–483 , Aug. 13, 1968 , 82 Stat. 749 , which was not classified to the Code.

901. § 460eee. Establishment

902. Section 103 of Pub. L. 103–433 provided in part that in this subchapter “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Interior.

903. § 460eeee. Vinagre Wash Special Management Area

904. § 460f. Notice and method of sale; price; conveyance

905. § 460ff. Establishment

906. § 460fff. Establishment

907. § 460ffff. Definitions

908. § 460g. Transfer to State, etc., for roadway purposes

909. § 460gg. Establishment

910. Section 3 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 3 of Pub. L. 94–199 . Subsec. (a) of section 3 added pars. (11) and (12) of section 1274(a) of this title , relating to components of the national wild and scenic rivers system. Subsec. (b) of section 3, relating to the administration of those segments of the Snake and Rapid Rivers designated as wild or scenic river areas, is set out as a note under section 1274 of this title .

911. Section 2(2) of the Georgia Wilderness Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is section 2(2) of Pub. L. 99–555 , Oct. 27, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3129 , which enacted provisions listed in a table of Wilderness Areas set out under section 1132 of this title .

912. § 460ggg. Wilderness

913. § 460gggg. Numu Newe Special Management Area

914. Section 2981(c)(2) of the Military Land Withdrawals Act of 2013 (as added by section 2901 of this title ), referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(B), is section 2981(c)(2) of title XXIX of div. B of Pub. L. 113–66 , as added by Pub. L. 117–263, div. B, title XXIX, § 2901 , Dec. 23, 2022 , 136 Stat. 3016 , which is not classified to the Code.

915. § 460h. Costs of surveys or relocation of boundaries

916. § 460hh. Establishment; boundaries; publication in Federal Register

917. § 460hhh. Definitions

918. § 460hhhh. Numunaa Nobe National Conservation Area

919. § 460i. Delegation of powers; regulations

920. § 460ii. Establishment; boundaries; publication in Federal Register

921. § 460iii. Findings

922. § 460iiii. Pistone-Black Mountain National Conservation Area

923. § 460j. Disposition of proceeds

924. § 460jj. Establishment

925. § 460jjj. Establishment

926. § 460k. Public recreation use of fish and wildlife conservation areas; compatibility with conservation purposes; appropriate incidental or secondary use; consistency with other Federal operations and primary objectives of particular areas; curtailment; forms of recreation not directly related to primary purposes of individual areas; repeal or amendment of provisions for particular areas

927. § 460kk. Establishment

928. § 460kkk. Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area

929. § 460ll. Findings and declaration of policy

930. § 460lll. Definitions

931. Section 101(a) of title 23 , referred to in par. (6), was subsequently amended, and section 101(a) no longer defines “forest highway”.

932. § 460m. Establishment

933. § 460mm. Establishment of conservation area

934. § 460mmm. Findings and purpose

935. § 460n. Administration

936. § 460nn. Findings and purpose

937. § 460nnn. Definitions

938. Part D, referred to in par. (1), was in the original “title IV”, meaning title IV of Pub. L. 106–399 , but probably should have been a reference to subtitle D of title I of that Act, which is classified generally to subpart 4 of part A of this subchapter. Part D of this subchapter does not relate to the Steens Mountain Advisory Council.

939. § 460o. Establishment

940. § 460oo. Establishment

941. § 460ooo. Definitions

942. § 460p. Establishment

943. § 460pp. Establishment

944. § 460ppp. Findings

945. § 460q. Establishment; boundaries; administration; integrated management policies

946. § 460qq. Establishment

947. § 460qqq. Purpose

948. § 460r. Establishment

949. § 460rr. Establishment

950. § 460rrr. Definitions

951. § 460s. Establishment

952. § 460ss. Findings

953. Section 8 of Pub. L. 99–552 , as added by Pub. L. 100–653, title VI, § 604 , Nov. 14, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3830 , provided that: “This Act [enacting this subchapter] may be cited as the ‘Klamath River Basin Fishery Resources Restoration Act’.”

954. § 460sss. Cow Mountain Recreation Area, Lake and Mendocino Counties, California

955. § 460t. Establishment

956. § 460tt. Cross Florida Barge Canal

957. § 460ttt. Designation

958. § 460u. Establishment; description of area

959. § 460uu. Establishment; description of area

960. § 460uuu. Mount Hood National Recreation Area

961. Section 1202, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is section 1202 of Pub. L. 111–11 , which enacted provisions listed in a table of National Memorials set out under section 320301 of Title 54 , National Park Service and Related Programs, and enacted and amended provisions listed in a table of Wilderness Areas set out under section 1132 of this title .

962. § 460v. Establishment

963. § 460vv. Findings and purposes

964. § 460vvv. Bridgeport Winter Recreation Area

965. § 460w. Establishment; boundaries

966. § 460ww. Establishment

967. § 460www. Red Cliffs National Conservation Area

968. § 460x. Establishment

969. § 460xx. Establishment

970. § 460xxx. Beaver Dam Wash National Conservation Area

971. § 460y. Establishment; boundaries

972. § 460yy. Establishment

973. § 460yyy. Definitions

974. § 460z. Establishment

975. § 460zz. Findings and purposes

976. § 460zzz. Definitions

977. § 469d. Ice Age National Scientific Reserve; statement of purpose

978. § 469e. Plan for continental glaciation

979. § 469g. Ice Age National Scientific Reserve; recommendations for Federal and State participation in financing public facilities and services

980. § 469h. Comprehensive plan for Reserve Development

981. § 469n. Preserve America Program

982. §470 — Transferred or Omitted

983. § 470aa. Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

984. § 470aaa. Definitions

985. § 470bb. Definitions

986. § 470cc. Excavation and removal

987. § 470dd. Custody of archaeological resources

988. § 470ee. Prohibited acts and criminal penalties

989. § 470ff. Civil penalties

990. § 470gg. Enforcement

991. § 470hh. Confidentiality of information concerning nature and location of archaeological resources

992. § 470ii. Rules and regulations; intergovernmental coordination

993. § 470jj. Cooperation with private individuals

994. § 470kk. Savings provisions

995. § 470ll. Annual report to Congress

996. Section 469a–3 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed and restated as section 312504 of Title 54 , National Park Service and Related Programs, by Pub. L. 113–287 , §§ 3, 7, Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3094 , 3272. Prior to repeal of section 469a–3, language in subsec. (c) of that section that required submission of an annual report was struck out by Pub. L. 104–333 .

997. § 470mm. Surveying of lands; reporting of violations

998. § 471a. Forest reserves in New Mexico and Arizona restricted

999. § 471c. Lands in California set aside as reserved forest lands

1000. § 471d. Additional forest reserves in California

1001. § 471e. Extension of boundaries of Sequoia National Forest

1002. § 471f. Cradle of Forestry in America in Pisgah National Forest; establishment; statement of purposes; publication in Federal Register

1003. § 471g. Administration, protection, and development; use of natural resources

1004. § 471h. Cooperation with public and private agencies, organizations, and individuals; acceptance of contributions and gifts

1005. § 471i. Pinelands National Reserve

1006. § 471j. Headwaters Forest and Elk River Property acquisition

1007. §472 — Laws affecting national forest lands

1008. §472 — Section 471 of this title , referred to in text, was in the original a reference to section 24 of act Mar. 3, 1891, ch. 561 , 26 Stat. 1103 , and was repealed by Pub. L. 94–579, title VII, § 704(a) , Oct. 21, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2792 .

1009. § 472a. Timber sales on National Forest System lands

1010. §473 — Revocation, modification, or vacation of orders or proclamations establishing national forests

1011. §473 — Section 471 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 94–579, title VII, § 704(a) , Oct. 21, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2792 .

1012. §474 — Surveys; plats and field notes; maps; effect under Act June 4, 1897

1013. §475 — Purposes for which national forests may be established and administered

1014. §475 — Section 471 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 94–579, title VII, § 704(a) , Oct. 21, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2792 .

1015. §477 — Use of timber and stone by settlers

1016. §478 — Egress or ingress of actual settlers; prospecting

1017. § 478a. Townsites

1018. §479 — Sites for schools and churches

1019. § 479a. Conveyance of National Forest System lands for educational purposes

1020. §480 — Civil and criminal jurisdiction

1021. §481 — Use of waters All waters within the boundaries of national forests may be used for domestic, mining, milling, or irrigation purposes, under the laws of the State wherein such national forests are situated, or under the laws of the United States and the rules and regulations established thereunder. (June 4, 1897, ch. 2, §1, 30 Stat. 36 .)

1022. §482 — Mineral lands; restoration to public domain; location and entry

1023. § 482a. Mining rights in Prescott National Forest

1024. § 482b. Mount Hood National Forest; mining rights

1025. § 482c. Patents affecting forest lands

1026. § 482d. Perfection of claims within forest

1027. § 482e. Lincoln National Forest; mining rights

1028. § 482f. Patents affecting forest lands

1029. § 482g. Perfection of claims within forest

1030. § 482h. Coronado National Forest; mining rights

1031. § 482i. Plumas National Forest; offer of lands; additions; mining rights

1032. § 482j. Santa Fe National Forest; mining rights; protection of scenic values

1033. § 482k. Patents affecting forest lands

1034. § 482l. Perfection of mining claims within forest

1035. § 482m. Teton National Forest in Wyoming; additional lands

1036. § 482n. Coconino National Forest; mining rights; protection of scenic values

1037. § 482o. Kaibab National Forest; mining rights; protection of scenic values

1038. § 482p. Patents affecting lands within forest

1039. § 482q. Perfection of mining claims within forest

1040. § 484a. Exchange of lands in national forests; public schools; deposit of funds by school authority with insufficient exchange land; limitations on use

1041. §485 — Exchange of lands in national forests; cutting timber in national forests in exchange for lands therein

1042. §486 — Exchange of lands in national forests; reservations of timber, minerals, or easements

1043. §487 — Cutting timber on land added to Siskiyou National Forest

1044. §487 — Section 1 hereof, referred to in text, means section 1 of act Sept. 22, 1922, ch. 407 , 42 Stat. 1019 , which related to exchanges of lands in or adjacent to Siskiyou National Forest and was not classified to the Code. See Codification note set out under sections 486a to 486w of this title.

1045. § 487a. Cutting timber on lands added to Rogue River National Forest

1046. §488 — Establishment of exterior boundaries of national forests

1047. §490 — Deposits from timber purchasers to defray cost of disposing of debris

1048. §492 — Earth, stone, and timber for Departments of the Army and Navy, and Government works in Alaska

1049. §494 — Calaveras Bigtree National Forest

1050. §495 — Leases of lands for sanitariums or hotels

1051. §496 — Disposition of funds

1052. §497 — Use and occupation of lands for hotels, resorts, summer homes, stores, and facilities for industrial, commercial, educational or public uses

1053. § 497a. Occupancy and use under permit of lands in Alaska for various purposes; period of permit; size of allotment; prohibitions; termination

1054. § 497b. Ski area permits

1055. § 497c. Ski area permit rental charge

1056. § 497d. Recreation residence fees

1057. § 497e. Enhancing Forest Service administration of rights-of-way and land uses

1058. §498 — Cooperative work agreements: disposal of moneys received; refund of excess; payment from appropriation; conflict of interest

1059. §499 — Disposal of money received by or on account of Forest Service; refund of excess and moneys erroneously collected; receipts from permits

1060. §499 — Section 471(b) of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by section 704(a) of Pub. L. 94–579 , title VII, Oct. 21, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2792 . For further details, see Codification note below.

1061. §500 — Payment and evaluation of receipts to State or Territory for schools and roads; moneys received; projections of revenues and estimated payments

1062. §501 — Expenditures from receipts for roads and trails; cooperation with State authorities; evaluation of receipts

1063. §502 — Rental of property for Forest Service; forage, care, and housing of animals; storage of vehicles and other equipment; pack stock; loss, damage, or destruction of horses, vehicles, and other equipment

1064. §504 — Purchases of tree seeds, cones, forage plant seed, and nursery stock for national forests

1065. § 504a. Sale of forest-tree seed and nursery stock to States and political subdivisions; disposition of moneys; exchanges; limitation

1066. §505 — Use of national forests established on land reserved for purposes of national defense; maintenance available

1067. § 505a. Interchange of lands between Department of Agriculture and military departments of Department of Defense; report to Congress

1068. § 505b. Laws applicable

1069. § 508b. National forests in Minnesota; authority to prospect, develop, mine, remove, and utilize mineral resources

1070. §511 — Reinstatement of entries canceled or relinquished

1071. §515 — Examination, location, and purchase of forested, cut-over, or denuded lands; consent of State legislature to acquisition of land by the United States

1072. §516 — Exchange of lands in the public interest; equal value; cutting and removing timber; publication of contemplated exchange

1073. §517 — Title to lands to be acquired

1074. § 517a. Payment of awards in condemnation proceedings

1075. §518 — Acquisition of lands not defeated by rights-of-way, easements, and reservations

1076. §519 — Agricultural lands included in tracts acquired; sale for homesteads

1077. § 519a. Transfer of forest reservation lands for military purposes

1078. §520 — Regulations as to mineral resources

1079. §521 — Lands acquired to be reserved, held, and administered as national forest lands; designation

1080. §521 — Section 471 of this title , referred to in text, was in the original a reference to section 24 of act Mar. 3, 1891, ch. 561 , 26 Stat. 1103 , and was repealed by Pub. L. 94–579, title VII, § 704(a) , Oct. 21, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2792 .

1081. § 521a. Administration, management, and consolidation of certain lands

1082. § 521b. Report of Secretary of Agriculture prior to purchase or exchange of land; contents; waiting period

1083. § 521c. Definitions

1084. § 521d. Sale, exchange, or interchange of National Forest System land

1085. § 521e. Small parcels and road rights-of-way

1086. § 521f. Costs of conveyance and value of improvements

1087. § 521g. Road rights-of-way subject to State or local law

1088. § 521h. Regulations; contents

1089. § 521i. Unaffected lands

1090. §524 — Rights-of-way for dams, reservoirs, or water plants for municipal, mining, and milling purposes

1091. §525 — Rights-of-way for wagon roads or railroads

1092. §526 — Establishment and protection of water rights

1093. §527 — Use of Forest Service funds for administration of certain lands

1094. §528 — Development and administration of renewable surface resources for multiple use and sustained yield of products and services; Congressional declaration of policy and purpose

1095. §528 — Section 5 of Pub. L. 86–517 , as added Pub. L. 94–588, § 19 , Oct. 22, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2962 , provided that: “This Act [enacting this section and sections 529 to 531 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960’.”

1096. §529 — Authorization of development and administration consideration to relative values of resources; areas of wilderness

1097. §530 — Cooperation for purposes of development and administration with State and local governmental agencies and others

1098. §531 — Definitions

1099. §532 — Roads and trails system; Congressional findings and declaration of policy

1100. §533 — Grant of easements for road rights-of-way; authority of Secretary of Agriculture; regulations

1101. §534 — Termination and cancellation of easements; notice; hearing

1102. §535 — Forest development roads; acquisition, construction, and maintenance; maximum economy; methods of financing; cost arrangements for construction standards; transfer of unused effective purchaser credit for road construction

1103. § 535a. Forest development roads: prohibition on credits; inclusion of construction costs in notice of sale; special election by small business concerns; construction standards; authorization of harvesting; treatment of road value

1104. §536 — Recording of instruments; furnishing of instruments affecting public domain lands to Secretary of the Interior

1105. §537 — Maintenance and reconstruction by road users; funds for maintenance and reconstruction; availability of deposits until expended, transfer of funds, and refunds

1106. §538 — User fees fund for delayed payments to grantors

1107. § 538a. Forest Service Legacy Road and Trail Remediation Program

1108. §539 — Additions to existing national forests; administration

1109. § 539a. Mining and mineral leasing on certain national forest lands

1110. § 539b. Fisheries on national forest lands in Alaska

1111. § 539c. Cooperative fisheries planning; report to Congress

1112. § 539d. National forest timber utilization program

1113. § 539e. Reports

1114. Section 501 of Pub. L. 101–626 directed the Secretary, no later than one year after Nov. 28, 1990 , to complete a study regarding feasibility of acquiring private lands located within boundary of the Tongass National Forest, which have been significantly harvested and to transmit the study to specific committees of Congress.

1115. § 539f. Nonprofit organization user of national forest lands

1116. § 539g. Kings River Special Management Area

1117. § 539h. Greer Spring Special Management Area

1118. § 539i. Fossil Ridge Recreation Management Area

1119. § 539j. Bowen Gulch Protection Area

1120. § 539k. Kelly Butte Special Management Area

1121. § 539l. Designation of James Peak Protection Area, Colorado

1122. § 539m. Findings and purposes

1123. § 539n. Crystal Springs Watershed Special Resources Management Unit

1124. Section 1202, referred to in par. (1)(B), is section 1202 of Pub. L. 111–11 , which enacted provisions listed in a table of National Memorials set out under section 320301 of Title 54 , National Park Service and Related Programs, and enacted and amended provisions listed in a table of Wilderness Areas set out under section 1132 of this title .

1125. Section 1206(a)(2), referred to in par. (1)(A), is section 1206(a)(2) of Pub. L. 111–11 , title I, Mar. 30, 2009 , 123 Stat. 1018 , which is not classified to the Code.

1126. § 539o. Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest

1127. § 539p. Southeast Arizona land exchange and conservation

1128. § 539q. Hermosa Creek watershed protection

1129. Section 2(a)(22) of the Colorado Wilderness Act of 1993, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), (3), is section 2(a)(22) of Pub. L. 103–77 , as added by Pub. L. 113–291, div. B, title XXX, § 3062(c)(1) , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3823 , which is listed in a table of Wilderness Areas set out under section 1132 of this title .

1130. § 539r. Rocky Mountain Front Conservation Management Area and wilderness additions

1131. § 539s. Frank and Jeanne Moore Wild Steelhead Special Management Area

1132. §541 — Cascade Head Scenic-Research Area; establishment

1133. § 541a. Administration, protection, development, and regulation of use

1134. § 541b. Boundaries of scenic-research area; adjustments to subarea boundaries; development of management plan; establishment of subareas; management objectives

1135. § 541c. Extension of boundaries of Siuslaw National Forest; transfer of Federal property to Secretary

1136. § 541d. Acquisition of property within the scenic-research area; consent of owner; substantial change in use or maintenance of property

1137. § 541e. Availability of funds for acquisition of lands, etc., within added area

1138. § 541f. Withdrawal from location, entry and patent under mining laws; withdrawal from disposition under mineral leasing laws

1139. § 541g. Advisory council for scenic-research area; membership; designation of chairman; compensation; consultation by Secretary

1140. § 541h. Cooperation with State of Oregon in administration and protection of lands; civil and criminal jurisdiction; power of taxation

1141. §542 — Langmuir Research Site; establishment

1142. § 542a. Congressional findings

1143. § 542b. Administration, protection, and regulation of use

1144. § 542c. Land use agreement

1145. § 542d. Comprehensive management plan

1146. §543 — Mono Basin National Forest Scenic Area; establishment

1147. § 543a. Extension of National Forest boundary

1148. § 543b. Acquisition of lands

1149. § 543c. Administration

1150. § 543d. Ecological studies; reports to Congressional committees and to Chief of Forest Service; progress reports

1151. § 543e. Scenic Area Advisory Board

1152. § 543f. Traditional Native American uses

1153. § 543g. Authorization of appropriations

1154. § 543h. New spending authority

1155. Section 651 of title 2 , referred to in text, was amended by Pub. L. 105–33, title X, § 10116(a)(3) , (5), Aug. 5, 1997 , 111 Stat. 691 , by striking out subsec. (c) and redesignating former subsec. (d) as (c).

1156. §544 — Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area; definitions

1157. § 544a. Purposes

1158. § 544b. Establishment of scenic area

1159. § 544c. Columbia River Gorge Commission

1160. § 544d. Scenic area management plan

1161. § 544e. Administration of scenic area

1162. § 544f. Administration of special management areas

1163. § 544g. Land acquisition

1164. § 544h. Interim management

1165. § 544i. Economic development

1166. § 544j. Old Columbia River Highway

1167. Section 13 of Pub. L. 99–663 , which enacted this section, consisted of subsecs. (a) to (d). Subsecs. (a) and (b) of section 13 were classified to this section, and subsecs. (c) and (d) of section 13 amended sections 1274 and 1276 of this title, respectively.

1168. § 544k. Tributary rivers and streams

1169. § 544l. Implementation measures

1170. Section 1362 of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 ( 42 U.S.C. 4103 ), referred to in subsec. (e)(3)(D)(v), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–325, title V, § 551(a) , Sept. 23, 1994 , 108 Stat. 2269 .

1171. § 544m. Enforcement

1172. § 544n. Authorization of appropriations

1173. § 544o. Savings provisions

1174. Section 13(c), referred to in subsec. (a)(2) to (4), is section 13(c) of Pub. L. 99–663 , Nov. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 4294 , which amended section 1274(a) of this title .

1175. § 544p. Severability

1176. §545 — Mount Pleasant National Scenic Area; purposes

1177. § 545a. Establishment of Mount Pleasant National Scenic Area

1178. § 545b. Opal Creek Wilderness and Scenic Recreation Area

1179. §546 — Establishment of Saint Helena Island National Scenic Area, Michigan

1180. §546 — Section 1001 of the Coast Guard Authorization Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 1001 of Pub. L. 104–324 , title X, Oct. 19, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3948 , which is not classified to the Code.

1181. § 546a. Boundaries

1182. § 546b. Seng Mountain and Bear Creek Scenic Areas, Jefferson National Forest, Virginia

1183. §551 — Protection of national forests; rules and regulations

1184. §551 — Section 471 of this title , referred to in text, was in the original a reference to act Mar. 3, 1891 , 26 Stat. 1103 , and was repealed by Pub. L. 94–579, title VII, § 704(a) , Oct. 21, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2792 .

1185. § 551a. Cooperation by Secretary of Agriculture with States and political subdivisions in law enforcement

1186. § 551c. Planning for fire protection

1187. § 551d. Wildland firefighter safety

1188. §552 — Consent to agreement by States for conservation of forests and water supply

1189. § 552a. Restoration of withdrawn national forest lands to appropriation

1190. Section 704(a) of Pub. L. 94–579 provided in part that this section is amended effective on and after Oct. 21, 1976 .

1191. § 552b. Administration of withdrawn lands; rules and regulations

1192. § 552c. Reimbursement of United States for loss of revenue

1193. § 552d. Punishment of violations of regulations

1194. §553 — Duties of officials of Forest Service; stock laws; protection of fish and game

1195. §554 — Forest supervisors and rangers

1196. § 554a. Employees to be appointed without regard to political affiliations

1197. § 554b. Medical care for employees engaged in hazardous work; notification and transportation of employees

1198. § 554c. Care of employees’ graves

1199. § 554d. Recreation facilities for employees of Forest Service and their immediate families

1200. § 554e. Employment of workers for emergencies

1201. §555 — Forest headquarters, ranger stations, dwellings, or other needed sites

1202. § 555a. Exchange of lands

1203. § 555b. Street improvements; availability of Forest Service funds

1204. §556 — Appropriations for Forest Service; use for transportation or traveling expenses; preparation or publication of newspaper or magazine articles

1205. § 556b. Use of appropriations for expenses of transporting automobiles of employees between points in Alaska

1206. § 556c. Reimbursement of employees for property losses resulting from fires, floods, or other casualties

1207. § 556d. Advances of public moneys to Forest Service for fighting forest fires in emergency cases

1208. § 556e. Emergency appropriations for rehabilitation and wildfire suppression

1209. Section 901 of title 2 , referred to in text, was amended, and as so amended, section 901(b)(2)(D) no longer refers to “emergency requirements”. However, “emergency requirements” are referred to elsewhere in section 901.

1210. § 556f. Expenses of student interns

1211. § 556g. Reimbursement of employee license costs and certification fees

1212. § 556h. Recognition of private contributors to Forest Service programs

1213. § 556i. Transfer of funds made available to Forest Service

1214. §557 — Employees of Forest Service; subsistence furnished to; personal equipment; supplies, and medical attention

1215. § 557a. Field season contracts; authority to make prior to appropriation

1216. § 558a. Purpose

1217. § 558b. Definition of Secretaries

1218. § 558c. Authorization

1219. § 558d. Incidental expenses

1220. § 558e. Consideration as Federal employee

1221. § 558f. Promotion of volunteer opportunities

1222. § 558g. Liability insurance

1223. §559 — Arrests by employees of Forest Service for violations of laws and regulations

1224. § 559a. Reward for information leading to arrest and conviction for violating laws and regulations

1225. § 559b. Prevention of manufacture, etc., of marijuana and other controlled substances

1226. § 559c. Powers of officers and employees of Forest Service

1227. § 559d. Cooperation with other Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies

1228. § 559e. Forest Service authorization

1229. § 559f. Approval of Secretary of Agriculture and Attorney General

1230. § 559g. Designation authority of Secretary of Agriculture

1231. §560 — Use of timber for telephone lines for fire protection

1232. §562 — Forest experiment station in California

1233. § 562a. Forest experiment station in Ohio and Mississippi Valleys

1234. § 562b. Forest experiment station in Pennsylvania

1235. §563 — Cooperation with States for fire protection on private or State forest lands upon the watersheds of navigable rivers

1236. § 565a. Cooperation by Secretary of Agriculture with Territories

1237. § 565b. Transfer of fire lookout towers and other improvements for fire control to States, political subdivisions or agencies; reversion

1238. § 566b. Annual appropriations; limitation on use of other funds for the purposes of sections 564, 565, and 566 1 1 See References in Text note below.

1239. § 567a. Cooperation by Secretary of Agriculture with States in acquisition and administration of State forests

1240. § 567b. Conditions and requirements for cooperation in acquisition and management of State forests

1241. § 567c. Authorization of appropriation for cooperation in acquisition and management of State forests

1242. §568 — Cooperation by Secretary of Agriculture with States in establishing, etc., wood lots, shelter belts, windbreaks, etc.; limitation on expenditure; authorization of appropriations

1243. § 568a. Cooperation by Secretary of Agriculture with Territories and other possessions

1244. §569 — Donations to United States of lands for timber purposes

1245. §570 — Ascertainment by Secretary of Agriculture of public lands valuable for stream-flow protection and report thereof

1246. § 571c. Erection of permanent facilities on land not owned by United States; long term leases

1247. §572 — Cooperation between Secretary of Agriculture and public or private agencies in working land under State or private ownership

1248. § 572a. Deposits from timber purchasers to defray cost of scaling services

1249. §574 — Damages caused private property in protection, administration, and improvement of national forests; reimbursement

1250. §575 — Search for lost persons, and transportation of sick, injured, or dead persons, within national forests; authorization to incur expense

1251. §576 — Reforestation; establishment of forest tree nurseries; tree planting; seed sowing and forest improvement work

1252. § 576a. Authorization of appropriation for reforestation

1253. § 576b. Purchasers of national-forest timber; deposits of money in addition to payments for timber; use of deposits; seedlings and young trees for burned-over areas in national parks

1254. § 576c. Supplemental National Forest Reforestation Fund; establishment; duration; authorization of appropriations

1255. § 576d. Expenditure of Supplemental National Forest Reforestation Fund moneys; availability of moneys from other sources unaffected

1256. Section 576e of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 96–470, title I, § 102(b) , Oct. 19, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2237 .

1257. §577 — Public lands in northern Minnesota; withdrawal from entry and appropriation

1258. § 577a. Conserving shore line beauty for recreational use of public lands in northern Minnesota; regulation of logging

1259. § 577b. Preserving water level of lakes and streams of public lands in northern Minnesota; reservoirs; water power

1260. § 577c. Acquisition of additional lands in northern Minnesota

1261. § 577d. Boundary limits of additional lands acquired in northern Minnesota

1262. § 577e. Approval by National Forest Reservation Commission for acquisition of additional lands

1263. § 577f. Exchange of lands

1264. § 577g. Payment for additional lands acquired in northern Minnesota

1265. § 577h. Authorization of appropriations; limitation on amount for purchase of additional lands, water or interests therein; availability of other funds; annual report to Congress

1266. § 579a. Operation of aerial facilities and services

1267. § 579b. Working capital fund; establishment; availability; transfer; capitalization; advance payments credited

1268. § 579c. Availability of funds received from forfeitures, judgments, compromises, or settlements

1269. § 579d. Indirect expenditures; future budget justifications

1270. § 579e. Forest service budget restructure

1271. § 579f. Forest Service Nonrecurring Expenses Fund

1272. §580 — Use of Forest Service appropriations for repair, etc. of equipment; rental of fire control equipment to non-Federal agencies

1273. § 580a. Sale and distribution of supplies, equipment, and materials to other Government activities and to cooperating State and private agencies; reimbursement

1274. § 580b. Forest Service telephone lines; correction of inductive interference

1275. § 580c. Purchases of experimental materials, special devices, test models, etc.

1276. § 580d. Use of Forest Service structures or improvements and land by public and private agencies, etc.; terms

1277. § 580e. Services furnished persons attending Forest Service demonstrations and users of national forest resources and recreational facilities; rate of charges; disposition of moneys

1278. § 580f. Telephones for official use in private residences

1279. § 580g. Seeding leased range land; conditions and limitations

1280. § 580h. Range improvements from appropriated funds

1281. § 580i. Acquisition of winter range, land, and helicopter landing site

1282. § 580j. Injury benefits for temporary employees

1283. § 580k. Grazing advisory boards

1284. Section 581 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 95–307, § 8(a) , June 30, 1978 , 92 Stat. 356 .

1285. § 580l. Permits for grazing livestock on national forests

1286. § 580m. Development of reservoir areas for future resources of timber; Congressional declaration of policy

1287. § 580n. Protection and development of forest or other vegetative cover; establishment and maintenance of conservation measures; coordination of programs and policies

1288. § 580o. Forest Service appropriations

1289. § 580p. “Woodsy Owl” and “Smokey Bear” characters and names; definitions

1290. § 580q. National Tree Seed Laboratory; disposition of fees

1291. § 581j. Congressional declaration of policy on reforestation and revegetation

1292. § 581k. Authorization of appropriations for reforestation and revegetation

1293. §582 — Puerto Rico; application of forest protection laws

1294. § 582a. Congressional findings

1295. §583 — Establishment of sustained-yield units to stabilize forest industries, employment, communities and taxable wealth

1296. § 583a. Cooperative agreements with private owners; privileges of private owners; recordation of agreements

1297. § 583b. Establishment of sustained-yield units to stabilize sale of timber and forest products

1298. § 583c. Agreements between Secretaries of Agriculture and the Interior, or with other Federal agencies having jurisdiction over forest land

1299. § 583d. Notice; registered mail and publication; costs; contents; request for hearing; time; determination and record available for inspection

1300. § 583e. Remedies against private owners; jurisdiction; final orders; “owner” defined

1301. § 583f. “Federally owned or administered forest land” defined

1302. § 583g. Rules and regulations; delegation of powers and duties

1303. § 583h. Prior acts as affecting or affected by subchapter

1304. § 583i. Authorization of appropriations

1305. § 583j. Establishment and purposes of Foundation

1306. § 583k. Findings

1307. § 590a. Purpose

1308. § 590b. Lands on which preventive measures may be taken

1309. § 590c. Conditions under which benefits of law extended to nongovernment controlled lands

1310. § 590d. Cooperation of governmental agencies; officers and employees, appointment and compensation; expenditures for personal services and supplies

1311. § 590f. Authorization of appropriations and conservation technical assistance funds

1312. § 590g. Additional policies and purposes of chapter

1313. § 590h. Payments and grants of aid

1314. § 590i. Surveys and investigations; publication of information

1315. § 590j. Definitions

1316. § 590k. Availability of funds

1317. § 590l. Expansion of domestic and foreign markets for agricultural commodities; advances for crop insurance; transfer of funds to corporation

1318. § 590m. Execution of powers of Secretary by Production and Marketing Administration

1319. § 590n. Payments reviewable only by Secretary

1320. § 590o. Authorization of appropriations; distribution of appropriated funds

1321. § 590q. Coverage; “State” defined; short title

1322. Section 3 of act July 26, 1947 , repealed all laws in conflict therewith.

1323. § 590y. Authorization and purpose of investigation, construction, and maintenance of projects; title to projects; limitation on costs

1324. § 590z. Utilization of services, materials, funds, etc., of Federal, State, or municipal agencies, or of individuals

1325. §593 — Protection of timber in Florida

1326. §594 — Protection of timber owned by United States from fire, disease, or insect ravages

1327. §601 — Disposition of moneys collected for depredations

1328. §602 — Seizure of timber cut

1329. §604 — Cutting timber on certain mineral lands; permits to corporations; railroad corporations

1330. §605 — Unlawful cutting on mineral lands; notice to Secretary

1331. §606 — Offense for unlawful cutting on mineral lands; punishment

1332. §607 — Cutting and removal of timber on certain public lands for certain purposes

1333. § 607a. Cutting and use of timber in Alaska by settlers, residents, miners, etc.

1334. §608 — Permits to cut and remove timber; citizens of Malheur County, Oregon

1335. §609 — Permits to cut and remove timber; citizens of Modoc County, California

1336. §610 — Permits to cut and remove timber; citizens of Washington County and Kane County, Utah

1337. §611 — Permits to cut and remove timber; citizens of Idaho and Wyoming

1338. § 611a. Permits to cut and remove timber; citizens of Bear Lake County, Idaho

1339. §612 — Permits to cut and remove timber to certain corporations

1340. §613 — Limitations of use of timber taken not to apply to certain territory

1341. § 615a. Sale of timber in Alaska; appraisal; local consumption; accounting; deposit in Treasury

1342. § 615b. Exportation of timber pulp wood and wood pulp from Alaska

1343. §616 — Exportation of timber cut on national forest or public land in Alaska

1344. §617 — Exportation of unprocessed timber from Federal lands

1345. §618 — Timber contract payment modification

1346. §619 — Emergency stumpage rate redeterminations in Alaska

1347. §620 — Findings and purposes

1348. § 620a. Restrictions on exports of unprocessed timber originating from Federal lands

1349. § 620b. Limitations on substitution of unprocessed Federal timber for unprocessed timber exported from private lands

1350. § 620c. Restriction on exports of unprocessed timber from State and other public lands

1351. Section 4606(i) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (f), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1352. § 620d. Monitoring and enforcement

1353. § 620e. Definitions

1354. § 620f. Regulations and review

1355. § 620g. Authorization of appropriations

1356. § 620h. Savings provision

1357. § 620i. Eastern hardwoods study

1358. § 620j. Authority of Export Administration Act of 1979

1359. Section 7 of the Export Administration Act of 1979, referred to in text, is section 7 of Pub. L. 96–72 , Sept. 29, 1979 , 93 Stat. 515 , which was classified to section 4606 of Title 50 , War and National Defense, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1360. section 7 1 1 See References in Text note below. of the Export Administration Act of 1979 with respect to the export of unprocessed timber.

1361. §655 — Agents to be disinterested

1362. §656 — Agents; administering oaths and taking testimony

1363. §659 — Sea lions; acts prohibiting killing repealed

1364. §661 — Section 1 of H.R. 5608, One Hundred Seventeenth Congress, as engrossed in the House of Representatives on Dec. 8, 2021 , which was enacted into law by Pub. L. 117–328, div. HH, title V, § 603 , Dec. 29, 2022 , 136 Stat. 5996 , provided that: “This Act [probably means H.R. 5608 as enacted into law by Pub. L. 117–328 , enacting section 667i of this title , amending section 8302 of Title 7 , Agriculture, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 667i of this title ] may be cited as the ‘Chronic Wasting Disease Research and Management Act’.”

1365. §661 — Section 1. Purpose . The purpose of this order is to direct Federal agencies that have programs and activities that have a measurable effect on public land management, outdoor recreation, and wildlife management, including the Department of the Interior and the Department of Agriculture, to facilitate the expansion and enhancement of hunting opportunities and the management of game species and their habitat.

1366. §661 — Short title; authorization

1367. §662 — Impounding, diverting, or controlling of waters

1368. §663 — Impoundment or diversion of waters

1369. §664 — Administration; rules and regulations; availability of lands to State agencies

1370. §665 — Investigations as to effect of sewage, industrial wastes; reports

1371. § 665a. Maintenance of adequate water levels in upper Mississippi River

1372. §666 — Authorization of appropriations

1373. § 666a. Penalties

1374. § 666b. Definitions

1375. § 666c. Applicability to Tennessee Valley Authority

1376. § 666d. Skagit National Wildlife Refuge; exchange of lands

1377. § 666e. Administration of acquired lands

1378. § 666f. Wildlife conservation and agricultural, industrial, recreational, and related uses for certain Federal lands; transfer of lands to Secretary of the Interior; administration, development, and disposition

1379. § 666g. Classification of lands; industrial leases; moneys subject to section 715s of this title ; administration; jurisdiction of Federal agencies

1380. Section 715s of this title , referred to in text, was in the original “the Act of June 15, 1935 , as amended ( 49 Stat. 383 ; 16 U.S.C. 715s )”.

1381. §667 — Game management supply depots; appropriations

1382. § 667b. Transfer of certain real property for wildlife conservation purposes; reservation of rights

1383. § 667c. Publication of designating order

1384. § 667d. Reports to Congress

1385. § 667f. Availability of grain to prevent waterfowl depredations; payment of packaging, transporting, handling, and other charges

1386. § 667g. Requisition of surplus grain; prevention of starvation of resident game birds and other resident wildlife; utilization by State agencies; reimbursement for packaging and transporting

1387. § 667h. Chronic Wasting Disease Task Force

1388. § 667i. Chronic wasting disease research and management program

1389. Section 2 of H.R. 5608, One Hundred Seventeenth Congress, as engrossed in the House of Representatives on Dec. 8, 2021 , which was enacted into law by Pub. L. 117–328, div. HH, title V, § 603 , Dec. 29, 2022 , 136 Stat. 5996 , provided that: “Congress finds the following: “(1) Chronic wasting disease, the fatal neurological disease found in cervids, is a fundamental threat to the health and vibrancy of deer, elk, and moose populations, and the increased occurrence of chronic wasting disease in regionally diverse locations necessitates an escalation in research, surveillance, monitoring, and management activities focused on containing and managing chronic wasting disease. “(2) A focus on research into the transmission of, resistance to, diagnosis of, and epidemiology of chronic wasting disease is needed to inform future policies to combat the disease and ensure the health of cervid populations. “(3) Because States and Tribes have diverse policies for addressing chronic wasting disease, the Federal Government, in consultation with the Chronic Wasting Disease Task Force established by section 104 of America’s Conservation Enhancement Act ( Public Law 116–188 ) [ 16 U.S.C. 667h ], should coordinate financial and technical support to States and Tribes, State and Tribal departments of agriculture, State and Tribal wildlife agencies, institutions of higher education, and research centers conducting scientific research on chronic wasting disease. “(4) Pursuant to State and Federal law, the States retain primacy and policymaking authority with regard to wildlife management. “(5) Under current policies, chronic wasting disease remains a systemic threat to cervids. “(6) Scientific advances that lead to the ability to stop transmission of chronic wasting disease are needed to ensure the long-term viability of cervids.”

1390. §668 — Bald and golden eagles

1391. § 668a. Taking and using of the bald and golden eagle for scientific, exhibition, and religious purposes

1392. § 668b. Enforcement provisions

1393. § 668c. Definitions

1394. § 668d. Availability of appropriations for Migratory Bird Treaty Act

1395. § 668dd. National Wildlife Refuge System

1396. § 668ee. Definitions

1397. §669 — Cooperation of Secretary of the Interior with States; conditions

1398. § 669a. Definitions

1399. Section 669c(d) of this title , referred to in par. (9), was in the original “section 304(d)”, and was translated as reading “section 4(d)”, meaning section 4(d) of Act Sept. 2, 1937, ch. 899 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because Act Sept. 2, 1937, ch. 899 , does not contain a section 304(d), and section 4(d) relates to wildlife conservation and restoration programs. Section 669c(d) of this title was redesignated section 669c(e) of this title by Pub. L. 116–94, div. P, title V, § 501(d)(2)(A) , Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 3192 .

1400. § 669b. Authorization of appropriations

1401. § 669c. Allocation and apportionment of available amounts

1402. § 669d. Apportionment; certification to States and Secretary of the Treasury; acceptance by States; disposition of funds not accepted

1403. § 669e. Submission and approval of plans and projects

1404. § 669f. Payment of funds to States; laws governing construction and labor

1405. § 669g. Maintenance of projects; expenditures for management of wildlife areas and resources

1406. § 669h. Requirements and restrictions concerning use of amounts for expenses for administration

1407. § 669i. Rules and regulations

1408. § 669k. Reports and certifications

1409. § 669l. Value of land

1410. §670 — Definitions

1411. § 670a. Cooperative plan for conservation and rehabilitation

1412. § 670b. Migratory game birds; hunting permits

1413. § 670c. Program for public outdoor recreation

1414. § 670d. Liability for funds; accounting to Comptroller General

1415. § 670e. Applicability to other laws; national forest lands

1416. Section 9 of the Act of June 7, 1924 [ch. 348, 43 Stat. 655 ], referred to in text, was classified to the code as follows: The first and fifth sentences were classified to section 471(b) of this title , which was repealed by section 704(a) of Pub. L. 94–579 ; the second and third sentences were classified to section 505 of this title ; and the fourth sentence was classified to section 499 of this title .

1417. § 670f. Appropriations and expenditures

1418. § 670g. Wildlife, fish, and game conservation and rehabilitation programs

1419. § 670h. Comprehensive plans for conservation and rehabilitation programs

1420. § 670i. Public land management area stamps for hunting, trapping, and fishing on public lands subject to programs

1421. § 670j. Enforcement provisions

1422. § 670k. Definitions

1423. § 670l. Stamp requirements not applicable to Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management lands; authorized fees

1424. § 670m. Indian rights; State or Federal jurisdiction regulating Indian rights

1425. § 670o. Authorization of appropriations

1426. §673 — Wyoming Elk Reserve

1427. § 673a. Addition to the Wyoming Elk Reserve

1428. § 673b. National Elk Refuge in Wyoming

1429. § 673c. Conservation of elk in Wyoming

1430. § 673d. Restoration and conservation of elk in California

1431. § 673e. Cooperation of Secretaries of the Interior, Agriculture and Defense with State of California

1432. § 673g. Plan for elk restoration and conservation; coordination of Secretary of the Interior with Federal, State and other officers; integration with State plans

1433. §674 — White Horse Hill National Game Preserve

1434. § 674a. Sullys Hill National Park; transfer of control; change of name to White Horse Hill National Game Preserve; boundaries; use by public; hunting

1435. § 674b. White Horse Hill National Game Preserve; acquisition of additional lands

1436. § 674c. Boundary and division fences for White Horse Hill National Game Preserve; buildings and improvements; supplies; employees

1437. § 674d. Authorization of appropriations

1438. §675 — Norbeck Wildlife Preserve; establishment

1439. §676 — Hunting, trapping, killing, or capturing game on Norbeck Wildlife Preserve unlawful

1440. §676 — Section 20 of act June 25, 1948 , provided that the amendment made by that act is effective Sept. 1, 1948 .

1441. §677 — Inclosure of Norbeck Wildlife Preserve

1442. §678 — Exchange of lands with State of South Dakota and Norbeck Wildlife Preserve

1443. § 678a. Mining locations in Norbeck Wildlife Preserve; rules and regulations

1444. § 678b. Redefinition of western boundary of Norbeck Wildlife Preserve

1445. §679 — Patents to State of South Dakota of certain lands in Custer State Park; reservation of coal, oil, gas, and other mineral rights

1446. §680 — Game animal and bird refuge in South Dakota; establishment

1447. §681 — Erection of fence by South Dakota for game animal and bird refuge

1448. §682 — Game refuge in Ozark National Forest

1449. §682 — Section 20 of act June 25, 1948 , provided that the amendment made by that act is effective Sept. 1, 1948 .

1450. §683 — Areas set aside for protection of game and fish; unlawfully taking game or fish

1451. §683 — Section 20 of act June 25, 1948 , provided that the amendment made by that act is effective Sept. 1, 1948 .

1452. §684 — Game breeding areas in Wichita and Grand Canyon National Forests

1453. §685 — Hunting, trapping, killing, or capturing game in designated breeding areas unlawful

1454. §685 — Section 20 of act June 25, 1948 , provided that the amendment made by that act is effective Sept. 1, 1948 .

1455. §686 — Operation of local game laws not affected

1456. §687 — Grand Canyon Game Preserve included in park

1457. §689 — Tahquitz National Game Preserve

1458. § 689a. Other uses of land permitted in Tahquitz National Game Preserve

1459. § 689b. Hunting, pursuing, capturing in Tahquitz National Game Preserve unlawful

1460. Section 20 of act June 25, 1948 , provided that the amendment made by that act is effective Sept. 1, 1948 .

1461. § 689c. Rules and regulations for administration of the Tahquitz Preserve; predatory animals

1462. § 689d. Acceptance of title to privately owned lands within Tahquitz Preserve

1463. §690 — Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge; establishment; acquisition of lands

1464. § 690a. Maintenance of lands acquired as refuge and breeding place for migratory birds

1465. Section 690i, included within the reference to sections 690 to 690i, was omitted from the Code.

1466. § 690b. Consent of Utah to acquisition of lands for Bear River Refuge; approval of title to lands acquired

1467. § 690c. Existence of easements, reservations, or exceptions as barring acquisition of lands

1468. Section 690i, included within the reference to sections 690 to 690i, was omitted from the Code.

1469. § 690d. Injuries to property on Bear River Refuge; disturbance of birds, etc.; violation of regulations for use of refuge

1470. Section 690i, included within the reference to sections 690 to 690i, was omitted from the Code.

1471. § 690e. Enforcement of laws and regulations; warrants and processes; jurisdiction of courts; forfeiture of property captured, injured, killed or removed

1472. Section 690i, included within the reference to sections 690 to 690i, was omitted from the Code.

1473. § 690f. Expenditures by Secretary of the Interior for construction, maintenance, etc., of Bear River Refuge; employment of necessary means to execute functions imposed on him

1474. Section 690i, included within the reference to sections 690 to 690i, was omitted from the Code.

1475. Section 690i, included within the reference to sections 690 to 690i, was omitted from the Code.

1476. § 690g. Violation of laws and regulations; penalties

1477. Section 690i, included within the reference to sections 690 to 690i, was omitted from the Code.

1478. § 690h. “Person” defined

1479. §691 — Cheyenne Bottoms Migratory Bird Refuge; location; acquisition of land

1480. § 691a. Establishment of Cheyenne Bottoms Migratory Bird Refuge; purpose

1481. § 691c. Acquisition of areas for Cheyenne Bottoms Refuge; title; rights-of-way, easements, and reservations

1482. § 691d. Applicability of certain statutes

1483. §692 — Game sanctuaries or refuges in Ocala National Forest; creation

1484. § 692a. Hunting, pursuing, capturing, etc., in Ocala National Forest unlawful

1485. Section 20 of act June 25, 1948 , provided that the amendment made by that act is effective Sept. 1, 1948 .

1486. §693 — Game sanctuaries and refuges in Ouachita National Forest

1487. § 693a. Rules and regulations for administration of Ouachita National Forest; violations; penalties

1488. § 693b. Robert S. Kerr Memorial Arboretum and Nature Center in Ouachita National Forest; authority to establish

1489. § 693c. Administration by Secretary of Agriculture of the Robert S. Kerr Center

1490. § 693d. Cooperation with public and private agencies; contributions and gifts for Robert S. Kerr Center

1491. §694 — Fish and game sanctuaries in national forests; establishment by President

1492. § 694a. Hunting, pursuing, capturing, etc., in sanctuaries in national forests unlawful

1493. Section 10 of act June 25, 1948 , provided that the amendment made by that act is effective Sept. 1, 1948 .

1494. § 694b. Rules and regulations for administration of sanctuaries in national forests; jurisdiction of States

1495. §695 — Migratory waterfowl and other wildlife refuge in California; participation by State of California

1496. § 695a. Title in United States of California refuge areas; existence of easements, reservations, etc.; affecting acquisition

1497. § 695b. Applicability of certain statutes

1498. § 695c. Availability of funds for construction of dams, buildings, etc., for California refuge

1499. § 695d. Development of water supplies for waterfowl management in California; reauthorization of Central Valley Project

1500. § 695e. Construction, operation, and maintenance of water supply development works

1501. § 695f. Construction, etc., authorized by section 695e as not reimbursable or returnable under reclamation laws

1502. § 695g. Authorization of appropriations

1503. § 695h. Ownership by State of California of works constructed

1504. § 695i. Authorization of Secretary of the Interior to contract for water delivery; nonreimbursable or nonreturnable basis of delivery

1505. § 695j. Conformity of water use with California laws; construction of sections 695d to 695j–1

1506. § 695k. Congressional declaration of policy for preservation of habitat for migratory waterfowl and prevention of depredations on agricultural crops

1507. § 695l. Dedication of lands within boundaries of refuges to wildlife conservation; administration of lands for waterfowl management and optimum agricultural use; homestead entry prohibition; inclusion of other public lands; property of the United States

1508. § 695m. Annual percentage payments of net revenues from leases of Klamath project lands on pro rata basis; limitation on payments; priority of use of net revenues

1509. § 695n. Leases of Lower Klamath and Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge reserved lands; management of other reserved public lands for waterfowl purposes

1510. § 695o. Limitation on reduction of areas by diking or other construction

1511. § 695p. Regulation of waters to maintain sump levels

1512. § 695q. Research studies on Clear Lake Refuge; report to Congress

1513. § 695r. Regulations by Secretary

1514. §696 — National Key Deer Refuge; establishment; acquisition of property: exchanges, cash equalization payments; administration

1515. § 696a. Acquisition of title to properties for National Key Deer Refuge; rights-of-way and easements

1516. § 696b. Authorization of appropriations; limitation

1517. §698 — Big Thicket National Preserve

1518. § 698a. Acquisition of property for Big Thicket Preserve

1519. § 698b. Right of use and occupancy of improved property on Big Thicket Preserve

1520. § 698c. Administration of Big Thicket Preserve

1521. § 698d. Review of Big Thicket Preserve area by Secretary; report to President

1522. § 698e. Authorization of appropriations for Big Thicket Preserve

1523. § 698f. Big Cypress National Preserve; Big Cypress National Preserve Addition

1524. § 698g. Acquisition of lands for Big Cypress Preserve

1525. § 698h. Right of use and occupancy of improved property on Big Cypress Preserve and Addition

1526. § 698i. Administration of Big Cypress Preserve; applicability of other laws; rules and regulations for use of lands and waters; transportation facilities; consultation and cooperation with Secretary of Transportation

1527. § 698j. Hunting, fishing, and trapping in Big Cypress Preserve and Addition authorized in accordance with applicable Federal and State laws; consultation with appropriate State agency prior to implementation of regulations restricting activities; land use and retention rights of Miccosukee and Seminole Indian Tribes

1528. § 698k. Contracts for providing visitor services in Big Cypress Preserve and Addition; right of first refusal to Miccosukee and Seminole Tribes

1529. § 698l. Review of Big Cypress Preserve area and Addition area by Secretary; report to President

1530. § 698m. Authorization of appropriations for Big Cypress Preserve and Addition

1531. § 698n. Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve

1532. § 698o. Protection of significant historic assets

1533. § 698p. Integrated administration and interpretation

1534. Section 2 of the Act of September 21, 1950 , referred to in text, is section 2 of act Sept. 21, 1950, ch. 973 , 64 Stat. 897 , which is not classified to the Code.

1535. § 698q. Little River Canyon National Preserve; establishment

1536. § 698r. Administration

1537. § 698s. Acquisition

1538. § 698t. Authorization of appropriations

1539. Section 101 of the National Historic Preservation Act ( 16 U.S.C. 470a ), referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(A), is section 101 of Pub. L. 89–665 , which was repealed and restated as chapters 3021 to 3027 and sections 302902(a), 302903(a), 302904 to 302909, 303902, 303903, and 306101(b) and (c) of Title 54, National Park Service and Related Programs, by Pub. L. 113–287 , §§ 3, 7, Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3094 , 3272.

1540. § 698u. Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve: findings and purposes

1541. § 698w. Special management requirements for Federal lands recently added to Craters of the Moon National Monument, Idaho

1542. §701 — Game and wild birds; preservation

1543. §701 — Section 1. Policy . Migratory birds are of great ecological and economic value to this country and to other countries. They contribute to biological diversity and bring tremendous enjoyment to millions of Americans who study, watch, feed, or hunt these birds throughout the United States and other countries. The United States has recognized the critical importance of this shared resource by ratifying international, bilateral conventions for the conservation of migratory birds. Such conventions include the Convention for the Protection of Migratory Birds with Great Britain on behalf of Canada 1916, the Convention for the Protection of Migratory Birds and Game Mammals-Mexico 1936, the Convention for the Protection of Birds and Their Environment-Japan 1972, and the Convention for the Conservation of Migratory Birds and Their Environment-Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 1978.

1544. §702 — Importation of eggs of game birds for propagation

1545. §703 — Taking, killing, or possessing migratory birds unlawful

1546. §704 — Determination as to when and how migratory birds may be taken, killed, or possessed

1547. §705 — Transportation or importation of migratory birds; when unlawful

1548. §706 — Arrests; search warrants

1549. §707 — Violations and penalties; forfeitures

1550. §708 — State or Territorial laws or regulations

1551. § 709a. Authorization of appropriations

1552. §710 — Partial invalidity; short title

1553. §711 — Breeding and sale for food supply

1554. §712 — Treaty and convention implementing regulations; seasonal taking of migratory birds for essential needs of indigenous Alaskans to preserve and maintain stocks of the birds; protection and conservation of the birds

1555. §715 — Short title

1556. § 715a. Migratory Bird Conservation Commission; creation; composition; duties; approval of areas of land and water recommended for purchase or rental

1557. § 715b. Annual report

1558. § 715c. Areas recommended for approval; character

1559. § 715d. Purchase or rental of approved areas or interests therein; gifts and devises; United States lands

1560. § 715e. Examination of title; easements and reservations

1561. § 715f. Consent of State to conveyance in fee

1562. § 715g. Jurisdiction of State over areas acquired

1563. § 715h. Operation of State game laws

1564. § 715i. Administration

1565. § 715j. “Migratory birds” defined

1566. § 715k. Authorization of appropriations for purposes of subchapter; disposal; reservation protectors

1567. § 715n. “Take” defined

1568. § 715o. National forest and power sites; use for migratory bird reservations

1569. § 715p. Cooperation of State in enforcement of provisions

1570. § 715q. Expenses of commission; authorization of appropriations

1571. § 715r. Partial invalidity; validity of remainder

1572. § 715s. Participation of local governments in revenue from areas administered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service

1573. § 718a. Prohibition on taking

1574. § 718b. Sales; fund disposition; unsold stamps

1575. § 718c. Authorization and exemption

1576. § 718d. Expenditure of funds

1577. § 718e. Loans and transfers, alteration, and reproduction of stamps

1578. § 718f. Enforcement

1579. § 718g. Violations

1580. § 718h. Cooperation

1581. § 718i. Use of contest fees

1582. § 718j. Definitions

1583. § 718k. Use of fees collected for Federal migratory bird permits

1584. § 718o. Definitions

1585. § 718p. Authority to issue electronic duck stamps

1586. § 718q. State application

1587. § 718r. State obligations and authorities

1588. § 718s. Electronic stamp requirements; recognition of electronic stamp

1589. § 718t. Termination of State participation

1590. §719 — Establishment of Program

1591. § 719a. Junior Duck Stamp

1592. § 719b. Acceptance of gifts, devises, and bequests

1593. § 719c. Authorization of appropriations

1594. §721 — Short title; “person” defined

1595. §722 — Acquisition of lands and water

1596. §723 — Purposes of refuge; regulations by Secretary of the Interior

1597. §724 — Consent of States to acquisition; existing rights-of-way, easements, etc.

1598. §725 — Regulations, etc., by Secretary of the Interior

1599. §726 — Acts prohibited in refuge; commercial fishing

1600. §727 — Powers of employees of Department of the Interior

1601. §728 — Expenditures

1602. §729 — Price per acre

1603. §730 — Violations of law or regulations; punishment

1604. §731 — Effect on other laws

1605. § 742a. Declaration of policy

1606. § 742b. United States Fish and Wildlife Service

1607. § 742c. Loans for financing or refinancing of cost of purchasing, constructing, equipping, maintaining, repairing, or operating commercial fishing vessels or gear

1608. § 742d. Investigations; preparation and dissemination of information; reports

1609. § 742e. Transfer of functions to Secretary

1610. § 742f. Powers of Secretaries of the Interior and Commerce

1611. § 742g. Cooperation with State Department

1612. § 742h. Reports on fishery products

1613. Section 1364 of title 19 , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 87–794, title II, § 257(e)(1) , Oct. 11, 1962 , 76 Stat. 882 .

1614. § 742i. Effect on rights of States and international commissions

1615. § 742j. Authorization of appropriations

1616. § 742k. Management and disposition of vessels and other property acquired and arising out of fishery loans or related type of activities

1617. § 742l. Enforcement authority for the protection of fish and wildlife resources

1618. § 742m. Relinquishment of exclusive legislative jurisdiction

1619. § 743a. Detail of personnel and loan of equipment to Director of Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife

1620. §744 — Investigations; fish propagation; investigations of damages by predacious fishes; executive assistance

1621. §745 — Powers of Secretary

1622. §746 — Vessels of Fish and Wildlife Service

1623. § 746a. Operation and maintenance fees for the M/V Tiglax and other vessels

1624. §748 — Expenditure of appropriations for propagation of food fishes

1625. §750 — Station on Mississippi River for rescue of fishes and propagation of mussels

1626. §751 — Personnel

1627. §753 — Cooperative work

1628. § 753a. Cooperative research and training programs for fish and wildlife resources

1629. § 753b. Authorization of appropriations

1630. §754 — Commutation of rations for officers and crews of vessels of Service

1631. § 754a. Appropriations for United States Fish and Wildlife Service; purchases from

1632. § 754b. Funds from private entities credited to Resource Management account

1633. § 754c. Work under reimbursable agreements; recording obligations and crediting amounts received

1634. § 754d. Fee schedule for forensic laboratory services

1635. § 754e. Funds for contaminant sample analyses

1636. §755 — Salmon-cultural stations; establishment; expenditure of funds

1637. §756 — Investigations, surveys, and experiments; construction and installation of conservation devices, etc.

1638. §757 — Utilization of State services; expenditure of funds

1639. § 757a. Anadromous, Great Lakes, and Lake Champlain fisheries

1640. Section 8, formerly section 7, of Pub. L. 89–304 , as added by Pub. L. 91–249, § 3 , May 14, 1970 , 84 Stat. 214 , and renumbered by Pub. L. 96–118, § 4 , Nov. 16, 1979 , 93 Stat. 859 , provided that: “This Act [enacting this section and sections 757b to 757g of this title] may be cited as the ‘Anadromous Fish Conservation Act’.”

1641. § 757b. Authority of the Secretary with regards to Anadromous and Great Lakes fisheries; development and management

1642. § 757c. Approval for activities on land administered by other Federal departments or agencies

1643. § 757d. Authorization of appropriations

1644. § 757e. Application to Columbia River basin

1645. § 757f. Studies on pollution; recommendations to Secretary of Health and Human Services

1646. §758 — Exploration, investigation, development, and maintenance of fishing resources and industry of Pacific Ocean

1647. § 758a. Conduct of explorations and related work in Pacific Ocean

1648. § 758b. Cooperation with agencies, organizations, and others

1649. § 758c. Authorization of appropriations for research laboratory, experiment stations, dock and storehouse facilities, vessels, etc., for activities in the Pacific Ocean; transfer of surplus vessels

1650. § 758d. Pacific Ocean activities; future appropriations

1651. Section 5 of act Aug. 4, 1947 , authorized appropriation of additional sums for expenses during the fiscal year 1947–1948 to carry out the purposes of sections 758 to 758d of this title.

1652. § 758e. Central, Western, and South Pacific Ocean fisheries development program

1653. §760 — Establishment of rearing ponds and fish hatchery in Kentucky

1654. § 760a. Atlantic Coast fish study for development and protection of fish resources

1655. § 760aa. Findings and purposes

1656. § 760b. Equipment for studies; cooperation of Federal departments and agencies

1657. § 760c. Studies; authorization of appropriations

1658. § 760d. Grants for education and training of personnel in the field of commercial fishing

1659. § 760e. Study of migratory game fish; waters; research; purpose

1660. § 760f. Migratory game fish study; authorization to acquire facilities, employ officers and employees, cooperate with State and other agencies, and to publish results

1661. § 760g. Authorization of appropriations for migratory game fish study

1662. §773 — Definitions

1663. §773 — Section 1811 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), which established the fishery conservation zone, was amended generally by Pub. L. 99–659, title I, § 101(b) , Nov. 14, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3706 , and now relates to United States sovereign rights to fish and fishery management authority within the exclusive economic zone.

1664. § 773a. International Pacific Halibut Commission

1665. § 773b. Acceptance or rejection of Commission recommendations

1666. § 773c. General responsibility

1667. § 773d. Cooperation of Federal agencies

1668. § 773e. Prohibited acts

1669. § 773f. Civil penalties

1670. § 773g. Crimes and criminal penalties

1671. § 773h. Forfeitures

1672. § 773i. Administration and enforcement

1673. § 773j. Authorization of appropriations

1674. § 773k. Location of office space and other facilities on or near University of Washington campus in State of Washington

1675. §777 — Federal-State relationships

1676. § 777a. Definitions

1677. § 777b. Authorization of appropriations

1678. § 777c. Division of annual appropriations

1679. Section 5604(c) of the Clean Vessel Act of 1992, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(A), is section 5604(c) of Pub. L. 102–587 , which is set out as a note under section 1322 of Title 33 , Navigation and Navigable Waters.

1680. Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178 , as in effect on day before July 22, 1998 , that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206 , set out as a note under section 101 of Title 23 , Highways.

1681. § 777d. Certification of funds deducted for expenses and amounts apportioned to States

1682. § 777e. Submission and approval of plans and projects

1683. § 777f. Payments by United States

1684. § 777g. Maintenance of projects

1685. Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178 , as in effect on day before July 22, 1998 , that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206 , set out as a note under section 101 of Title 23 , Highways.

1686. § 777h. Requirements and restrictions concerning use of amounts for expenses for administration

1687. § 777i. Rules and regulations

1688. § 777k. Payments of funds to and cooperation with Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Guam, American Samoa, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and Virgin Islands

1689. § 777l. State use of contributions

1690. Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to any activity carried out under this section.

1691. § 777m. Multistate conservation grant program

1692. §778 — Establishment of experiment stations; purpose of research

1693. § 778a. Acquisition of lands; construction of buildings; employment of personnel; cooperation with other agencies; publication of results

1694. § 778b. Cooperation with Secretary of the Interior

1695. § 778c. Authorization of appropriations

1696. §781 — Taking or catching, in waters of Gulf or Straits of Florida, commercial sponges of less than prescribed size, and landing or possession of same

1697. §782 — Sponges of less than prescribed size; possession prima facie evidence

1698. §783 — Punishment for violations of law; liability of vessels

1699. §784 — Jurisdiction of prosecutions

1700. §785 — Enforcement of law prohibiting taking of sponges of specified sizes; employment of Coast Guard vessels and Customs Service employees

1701. §791 — Repealed. Aug. 26, 1935, ch. 687, title II, §212, 49 Stat. 847 Section, act June 10, 1920, ch. 285, §30, 41 Stat. 1077 , designated the act as The Federal Water Power Act.

1702. § 791a. Short title

1703. §792 — Federal Power Commission; creation; number; appointment; term; qualifications; vacancies; quorum; chairman; salary; place of holding sessions

1704. §793 — Appointment of officers and employees of Commission; duties, and salaries; detail of officers and employees from other departments; expenditures authorized

1705. §796 — Definitions

1706. §796 — Section 79z–5a of title 15 , referred to in par. (25), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–58, title XII, § 1263 , Aug. 8, 2005 , 119 Stat. 974 .

1707. §797 — General powers of Commission

1708. § 797a. Congressional authorization for permits, licenses, leases, or authorizations for dams, conduits, reservoirs, etc., within national parks or monuments

1709. § 797b. Duty to keep Congress fully and currently informed

1710. § 797c. Dams in National Park System units

1711. § 797d. Third party contracting by FERC

1712. §798 — Purpose and scope of preliminary permits; transfer and cancellation

1713. §799 — License; duration, conditions, revocation, alteration, or surrender

1714. §800 — Issuance of preliminary permits or licenses

1715. §801 — Transfer of license; obligations of transferee

1716. §802 — Information to accompany application for license; landowner notification

1717. §803 — Conditions of license generally

1718. §804 — Project works affecting navigable waters; requirements insertable in license

1719. §805 — Participation by Government in costs of locks, etc.

1720. §806 — Time limit for construction of project works; extension of time; termination or revocation of licenses for delay

1721. §807 — Right of Government to take over project works

1722. §808 — New licenses and renewals

1723. §809 — Temporary use by Government of project works for national safety; compensation for use

1724. §810 — Disposition of charges arising from licenses

1725. §811 — Operation of navigation facilities; rules and regulations; penalties

1726. §812 — Public-service licensee; regulations by State or by commission as to service, rates, charges, etc.

1727. §813 — Power entering into interstate commerce; regulation of rates, charges, etc.

1728. §814 — Exercise by licensee of power of eminent domain

1729. §815 — Contract to furnish power extending beyond period of license; obligations of new licensee

1730. §816 — Preservation of rights vested prior to June 10, 1920

1731. §817 — Projects not affecting navigable waters; necessity for Federal license, permit or right-of-way; unauthorized activities

1732. §818 — Public lands included in project; reservation of lands from entry

1733. §820 — Proceedings for revocation of license or to prevent violations of license

1734. §821 — State laws and water rights unaffected

1735. §822 — Reservation of right to alter or repeal chapter

1736. §823 — Repeal of inconsistent laws

1737. § 823a. Conduit hydroelectric facilities

1738. § 823b. Enforcement

1739. § 823c. Alaska State jurisdiction over small hydroelectric projects

1740. § 823d. Alternative conditions and prescriptions

1741. § 823e. Promoting hydropower development at existing nonpowered dams

1742. § 823f. Closed-loop pumped storage projects

1743. § 823g. Considerations for relicensing terms

1744. §824 — Declaration of policy; application of subchapter

1745. § 824a. Interconnection and coordination of facilities; emergencies; transmission to foreign countries

1746. § 824b. Disposition of property; consolidations; purchase of securities

1747. § 824c. Issuance of securities; assumption of liabilities

1748. § 824d. Rates and charges; schedules; suspension of new rates; automatic adjustment clauses

1749. Section 207(b) of Pub. L. 95–617 directed chairman of Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, in consultation with Secretary, to conduct a study of legal requirements and administrative procedures involved in consideration and resolution of proposed wholesale electric rate increases under Federal Power Act, section 791a et seq. of this title, for purposes of providing for expeditious handling of hearings consistent with due process, preventing imposition of successive rate increases before they have been determined by Commission to be just and reasonable and otherwise lawful, and improving procedures designed to prohibit anticompetitive or unreasonable differences in wholesale and retail rates, or both, and that chairman report to Congress within nine months from Nov. 9, 1978 , on results of study, on administrative actions taken as a result of this study, and on any recommendations for changes in existing law that will aid purposes of this section.

1750. § 824e. Power of Commission to fix rates and charges; determination of cost of production or transmission

1751. § 824f. Ordering furnishing of adequate service

1752. § 824g. Ascertainment of cost of property and depreciation

1753. § 824h. References to State boards by Commission

1754. § 824i. Interconnection authority

1755. § 824j. Wheeling authority

1756. § 824k. Orders requiring interconnection or wheeling

1757. § 824l. Information requirements

1758. § 824m. Sales by exempt wholesale generators

1759. Section 16451 of title 42 , referred to in text, was in the original “section 2(a) of the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 2005” and was translated as reading “section 1262” of that Act, meaning section 1262 of subtitle F of title XII of Pub. L. 109–58 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because subtitle F of title XII of Pub. L. 109–58 does not contain a section 2 and section 1262 of subtitle F of title XII of Pub. L. 109–58 defines terms.

1760. § 824o. Electric reliability

1761. § 824p. Siting of interstate electric transmission facilities

1762. § 824q. Native load service obligation

1763. § 824r. Protection of transmission contracts in the Pacific Northwest

1764. § 824s. Transmission infrastructure investment

1765. § 824t. Electricity market transparency rules

1766. § 824u. Prohibition on filing false information

1767. § 824v. Prohibition of energy market manipulation

1768. § 824w. Joint boards on economic dispatch

1769. §825 — Accounts and records

1770. § 825a. Rates of depreciation; notice to State authorities before fixing

1771. § 825b. Requirements applicable to agencies of United States

1772. § 825c. Periodic and special reports; obstructing filing reports or keeping accounts, etc.

1773. § 825d. Officials dealing in securities

1774. § 825e. Complaints

1775. § 825f. Investigations by Commission

1776. § 825g. Hearings; rules of procedure

1777. § 825h. Administrative powers of Commission; rules, regulations, and orders

1778. § 825i. Appointment of officers and employees; compensation

1779. § 825j. Investigations relating to electric energy; reports to Congress

1780. § 825k. Publication and sale of reports

1781. § 825l. Review of orders

1782. § 825m. Enforcement provisions

1783. § 825n. Forfeiture for violations; recovery; applicability

1784. § 825o. Penalties for violations; applicability of section

1785. § 825p. Jurisdiction of offenses; enforcement of liabilities and duties

1786. § 825r. Separability

1787. § 825s. Sale of electric power from reservoir projects; rate schedules; preference in sale; construction of transmission lines; disposition of moneys

1788. § 825t. Utilization of power revenues

1789. § 825u. Interest rate on power bonds held by Administrator of General Services

1790. §828 — Facilitation of development and construction of water conservation facilities; exemption from certain Federal requirements

1791. § 828a. Definitions

1792. § 828b. Exemption from formula, books and records, and project cost statement requirements; annual charges

1793. Section 807 of this title pertaining to the taking over by the United States of any project upon or after the expiration of a license, and sections 825 and 825a of this title requiring certain records and accounting procedures and section 797(b) of this title requiring the preparation and filing of the statement of actual legitimate original cost of a project, shall not be applicable to any project owned by a State or municipality, and such rights and requirements shall not exist under any license heretofore or hereafter granted to any State or municipality. The Secretary of Energy in determining the amount of annual charges applicable to any such project may determine the annual charges with reference to the actual cost of services incurred by the Secretary with respect to the project.

1794. § 828c. Applicability of this subchapter

1795. §831 — Creation; short title

1796. § 831a. Membership, operation, and duties of the Board of Directors

1797. § 831aa. Laws repealed

1798. § 831b. Officers and employees; wages of laborers and mechanics; application of employees’ compensation provisions

1799. § 831bb. Reservation of right to amend or repeal

1800. § 831c. Corporate powers generally; eminent domain; construction of dams, transmission lines, etc.

1801. § 831cc. Separability

1802. § 831d. Directors; maintenance and operation of plant for production, sale, and distribution of fertilizer and power

1803. Section 6 of Joint Res. July 3, 1952, ch. 570 , 66 Stat. 334 , repealed Joint Res. Apr. 14, 1952, ch. 204 , 66 Stat. 54 , as amended by Joint Res. May 28, 1952, ch. 339 , 66 Stat. 96 ; Joint Res. June 14, 1952, ch. 437 , 66 Stat. 137 ; Joint Res. June 30, 1952, ch. 526 , 66 Stat. 296 , which continued provisions of subsection (m) relating to sales to allies until July 3, 1952 . This repeal was to take effect as of June 16, 1952 , by section 7 of Joint Res. July 3, 1952 .

1804. § 831dd. Liberal construction of chapter; sale of surplus lands

1805. § 831e. Officers and employees; nonpolitical appointment; removal for violation

1806. § 831ee. Essential stewardship activities

1807. § 831f. Control of plants and property vested in Corporation; transfer of other property to Corporation

1808. § 831g. Principal office of Corporation; books; directors’ oath

1809. § 831h. Annual financial statement; purchases and contracts; audit by Comptroller General

1810. § 831i. Sale of surplus power; preferences; experimental work; acquisition of existing electric facilities

1811. § 831j. Equitable distribution of surplus power among States and municipalities; improvement in production of fertilizer

1812. § 831k. Transmission lines; construction or lease; sale of power over other than Government lines; rates when sold for resale at profit

1813. § 831l. Financial assistance to States and local governments in lieu of taxation; apportionment; limitation on contracts for sale of power to municipalities; report to Congress

1814. § 831m. Allocation and charge of value and cost of plants to particular objects; cost accounting; reports of costs of operation; sale of surplus power at profit

1815. § 831n. Bonds for future construction; amount, terms, and conditions

1816. Section 8 of the Act of June 28, 1902 , chapter 1302, as amended by the Act of December 21, 1905 (ch. 3, sec. 1, 34 Stat. 5 ), referred to in text, was classified to sections 743, 744, and 744 note of former Title 31 and was repealed in part by Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(b) , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1068 , the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance, and in part by Pub. L. 97–452, § 4(b) , Jan. 12, 1983 , 96 Stat. 2480 .

1817. § 831o. Completion of unfinished plants authorized

1818. § 831q. Eminent domain; contracts for relocation of railroads, highways, industrial plants, etc.

1819. § 831r. Patents; access to Patent and Trademark Office and right to copy patents; compensation to patentees

1820. § 831s. Possession by Government in time of war; damages to contract holders

1821. § 831t. Offenses; fines and punishment

1822. § 831u. Surveys; cooperation with States or other agencies

1823. § 831v. Legislation to carry out purposes of chapter; recommendation by President

1824. § 831w. Acquisition of real or personal property; payment by delivery of power; sale or lease of vacant land for industrial purposes

1825. § 831x. Condemnation proceedings; institution by Corporation; venue

1826. § 831y. Net proceeds over expense payable into Treasury

1827. § 831z. Authorization of appropriations

1828. §832 — Completion and maintenance of project; generation of electricity

1829. § 832a. General administrative provisions

1830. § 832b. Definitions

1831. § 832c. Distribution of electricity; preference to public bodies and cooperatives

1832. § 832d. Contracts for sale of electricity

1833. § 832e. Rate schedules

1834. § 832f. Elements in determining rates

1835. § 832g. Purchase of supplies and services

1836. § 832h. Miscellaneous administrative provisions

1837. § 832i. Employment of personnel

1838. § 832j. Deposit of receipts; authorization of appropriations

1839. § 832k. Authority of Administrator

1840. § 832l. Separability

1841. § 832m. Sale of excess Federal power; fish and wildlife conservation within Federal Columbia River Power System; residential exchange; personnel flexibility

1842. §833 — Completion and maintenance of project; generation of electricity

1843. § 833a. Administration of project

1844. § 833b. Definitions

1845. § 833c. Preference to public bodies and cooperatives

1846. § 833d. Rate schedules; preparation, approval, and uniformity

1847. § 833e. Factors in determining rate schedules

1848. § 833f. Purchase of supplies and services

1849. § 833g. Miscellaneous administrative provisions

1850. § 833h. Personnel; appointment and compensation

1851. § 833i. Deposit of receipts; establishment of continuing fund; authorization of appropriations

1852. § 833j. Suits for and against project; legal representation

1853. § 833k. Separability

1854. § 833l. Acquisition of Indian lands

1855. § 833m. Determination of compensation for acquisition of Indian lands; funds payable from; disposition of moneys

1856. § 833n. Use of deposits by allottees; nontaxability of lands

1857. § 833o. Authority of Secretary of the Interior for acquisition of Indian land

1858. § 833p. Reversion of title

1859. § 833q. Educational costs of dependents of employees; payments to school districts; reimbursement from continuing fund

1860. §835 — Project authorized; laws applicable

1861. § 835c. Duties of Secretary of the Interior

1862. § 835d. Acquisition of Indian lands, Spokane and Colville Reservations

1863. § 835e. Payment for lands acquired from Spokane and Colville Reservations

1864. § 835f. Use of funds deposited to allottees; land and improvements

1865. § 835g. Relocation of Indian cemeteries

1866. § 835h. Acts and regulations by Secretary of the Interior

1867. § 835i. Contracts with State of Washington for maintenance and operation of fish hatcheries

1868. § 835j. Projects marketing commercial power and energy; consolidated financial statement to President and Congress; adjustment of rates to assure return of reimbursable construction costs within prescribed period

1869. § 835k. Return of construction costs from marketing revenues in event of inability of irrigation water users to repay within repayment period and lack of other sources of revenue

1870. § 835l. Congressional declaration of financial policy; limitations on assistance; analyses and studies; “net revenues” defined

1871. § 835m. Recommendations for changes in limitations on financial assistance; time and frequency of submission

1872. §836 — Authorization to license construction and operation; licensing conditions

1873. § 836a. Rules governing issuance of license

1874. §837 — Definitions

1875. § 837a. Limitation of sale, delivery, and exchange of electric energy and electric peaking capacity for use outside Pacific Northwest to surplus energy and surplus peaking capacity; notice to customers; inspection of contract drafts

1876. § 837b. Contract terms and conditions for use of electric energy outside Pacific Northwest

1877. § 837c. Contract limitations and conditions for use of electric energy and peaking capacity of plants in other marketing areas for use within Pacific Northwest

1878. § 837d. Exchange contracts

1879. § 837e. Transmission lines for other electric energy; rates

1880. § 837f. Purchaser priority on Pacific Northwest power; amendment of existing contracts and new contracts to include priority provisions

1881. § 837g. Transmission lines between Pacific Northwest and Pacific Southwest; prohibition against construction of lines or related facilities; exceptions of lines and facilities recommended by Secretary or authorized by Congress; authority of Secretary to construct other transmission lines unaffected

1882. § 837h. Provisions not applicable to Canyon Ferry project or benefits and exchanges under Treaty between Canada and United States; preference of power users in Montana not modified

1883. §838 — Congressional findings; authority and duties of Secretary of Energy relating to Federal Columbia River Power System unaffected

1884. § 838a. Definitions

1885. § 838b. Operation and maintenance of Federal transmission system; construction of improvements, betterments, additions and replacements; criteria

1886. § 838c. Acquisition by condemnation of transmission facilities

1887. § 838d. Transmission of non-Federal power

1888. § 838e. Acquisition of property

1889. § 838f. Marketing of Federal power; sales agent

1890. § 838g. Schedules of rates and charges for sale of Federal power and transmission of non-Federal power; confirmation and approval; criteria for modification and establishment

1891. § 838h. Uniform schedules of rates and charges for sale of Federal power and transmission of non-Federal power; allocation of cost recovery

1892. § 838i. Bonneville Power Administration fund

1893. Section 9105 of title 31 , referred to in subsec. (c), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–576, title III, § 305 , Nov. 15, 1990 , 104 Stat. 2853 , and, as so amended, does not contain a subsec. (d).

1894. § 838j. Investment of excess moneys; deposit of moneys

1895. § 838k. Bonneville Power Administration bonds

1896. § 838l. Bonneville Power Administration refinancing

1897. § 838m. Power marketing administration transmission borrowing authority

1898. § 838n. Columbia Basin power management

1899. §839 — Congressional declaration of purpose

1900. § 839a. Definitions

1901. § 839b. Regional planning and participation

1902. § 839c. Sale of power

1903. § 839d. Conservation and resource acquisition

1904. § 839e. Rates

1905. § 839f. Administrative provisions

1906. Chapter 2C of title 15, referred to in subsec. (h), contained the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, act Aug. 26, 1935, ch. 687, title I , 49 Stat. 803 , and consisted of section 79 et seq. of Title 15, Commerce and Trade, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 109–58, title XII, § 1263 , Aug. 8, 2005 , 119 Stat. 974 . For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.

1907. Section 103 of title 26 , referred to in subsec. (f), which related to interest on certain governmental obligations was amended generally by Pub. L. 99–514, title XIII, § 1301(a) , Oct. 22, 1986 , 100 Stat. 2602 , and as so amended relates to interest on State and local bonds. Section 103(b)(3), which prior to the general amendment defined exempt persons, relates to the applicability of the interest exclusion to bonds not in registered form, etc.

1908. § 839g. Savings provisions

1909. § 839h. Separability

1910. §916 — Definitions

1911. § 916a. United States Commissioner

1912. § 916b. Acceptance or rejection by United States Government of regulations, etc.; acceptance of reports, recommendations, etc., of Commission

1913. § 916c. Unlawful acts

1914. § 916d. Licenses

1915. § 916e. Failure to keep returns, records, reports

1916. § 916f. Violations; fines and penalties

1917. § 916g. Enforcement

1918. § 916h. Cooperation between Federal and State and private agencies and organizations in scientific and other programs

1919. § 916i. Taking of whales for biological experiments

1920. § 916j. Allocation of responsibility for administration and enforcement

1921. § 916k. Regulations; submission; publication; effectiveness

1922. § 916l. Authorization of appropriations

1923. §917 — Congressional findings

1924. Section 1802(8) of this title , referred to in text, which defined “fishery conservation zone”, was repealed and section 1802(6) of this title , defining “exclusive economic zone”, was added by Pub. L. 99–659, title I, § 101(a) , Nov. 14, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3706 . Section 1802 was subsequently amended and the term “exclusive economic zone” is defined elsewhere in that section.

1925. § 917a. Study by Secretary of Commerce; report to Congress

1926. § 917b. Cooperation of other Federal agencies

1927. § 917c. Negotiations with Mexico and Canada

1928. § 917d. Authorization of appropriations

1929. §931 — Definitions

1930. §932 — Commissioners; appointment, number, and compensation; term of office; vacancy

1931. §933 — Advisory Committee

1932. §935 — Acquisition of real property; construction and operation of lamprey control works; entry into agreements for construction and operation of works

1933. §936 — Secretary of the Interior; authority to transfer lamprey control projects and act on behalf of United States Section

1934. §937 — United States Section as agency of United States

1935. §938 — Notice of proposals

1936. §939 — Transmission of recommendations

1937. § 939a. Cooperation with other agencies

1938. § 939b. State laws and regulations

1939. § 939c. Authorization of appropriations

1940. §941 — Findings

1941. § 941a. Purpose

1942. Title I of Pub. L. 101–537 and title II of Pub. L. 101–646 enacted identical sections. Title II of Pub. L. 101–646 was repealed by Pub. L. 105–265, § 3(b) .

1943. § 941b. Definitions

1944. Title I of Pub. L. 101–537 and title II of Pub. L. 101–646 enacted substantially identical sections. Title II of Pub. L. 101–646 was repealed by Pub. L. 105–265, § 3(b) .

1945. § 941c. Identification, review, and implementation of proposals and regional projects

1946. Title I of Pub. L. 101–537 and title II of Pub. L. 101–646 enacted substantially identical sections. Title II of Pub. L. 101–646 was repealed by Pub. L. 105–265, § 3(b) .

1947. § 941d. Goals of United States Fish and Wildlife Service programs related to Great Lakes fish and wildlife resources

1948. Title I of Pub. L. 101–537 and title II of Pub. L. 101–646 enacted identical sections. Title II of Pub. L. 101–646 was repealed by Pub. L. 105–265 .

1949. § 941e. Establishment of offices

1950. Title I of Pub. L. 101–537 and title II of Pub. L. 101–646 enacted substantially identical sections. Title II of Pub. L. 101–646 was repealed by Pub. L. 105–265 .

1951. § 941f. Reports

1952. Title I of Pub. L. 101–537 and title II of Pub. L. 101–646 enacted substantially identical sections. Title II of Pub. L. 101–646 was repealed by Pub. L. 105–265, § 3(b) .

1953. § 941g. Authorization of appropriations

1954. Title I of Pub. L. 101–537 and title II of Pub. L. 101–646 enacted substantially identical provisions of subsec. (a), but Pub. L. 101–537 did not enact a subsec. (b). Title II of Pub. L. 101–646 was repealed by Pub. L. 105–265, § 3(b) .

1955. § 941h. Great Lakes monitoring, assessment, science, and research

1956. §943 — Tissue bank

1957. § 943a. Data base

1958. § 943b. Definitions

1959. § 943c. Authorization of appropriations

1960. §951 — Definitions

1961. §952 — Commissioners

1962. §953 — General Advisory Committee and Scientific Advisory Subcommittee

1963. §955 — Rulemaking

1964. §956 — Inspection of returns, records, or other reports

1965. §957 — Violations; fines and forfeitures; application of related laws

1966. §958 — Cooperation with other agencies

1967. §959 — Enforcement

1968. §960 — Commissions’ functions not restrained by this chapter or State laws

1969. §961 — Authorization of appropriations

1970. §962 — Reduction of bycatch in eastern tropical Pacific Ocean

1971. §962 — Section 7(c) of Pub. L. 105–42 , which directed the addition of this section at the end of the Tuna Conventions Act, was executed by adding this section at the end of the Tuna Conventions Act of 1950, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1972. §971 — Definitions

1973. § 971a. Commissioners

1974. § 971b. Advisory committee

1975. § 971c. Authority of Secretary of State; cooperative enforcement agreements

1976. § 971d. Administration

1977. Section 3 of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(1), was subsequently amended, and section 3(16) no longer defines the term “large-scale driftnet fishing”. However, such term is defined elsewhere in that section.

1978. Section 971d(d) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–627, title II, § 207 , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 4461 . Prior to amendment, subsec. (d) related to Commission recommendations concerning bluefin tuna and issuance of regulations in that regard.

1979. § 971e. Violations

1980. § 971f. Enforcement

1981. § 971g. Cooperation in carrying out Convention

1982. § 971h. Authorization of appropriations

1983. Section 971i(b)(2)(H) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was in the original “section 3(b)(2)(H) of that section” and was translated as reading “section 3(b)(2)(H) of that Act”, meaning Pub. L. 96–339 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1984. § 971i. Research on Atlantic highly migratory species

1985. § 971k. Savings clause

1986. §973 — Definitions

1987. § 973a. Application to other laws

1988. § 973b. Regulations

1989. § 973c. Prohibited acts

1990. § 973d. Exceptions

1991. § 973e. Criminal offenses

1992. § 973f. Civil penalties

1993. § 973g. Licenses

1994. Section 1 of the Act of August 26, 1983 ( 97 Stat. 587 ; 46 U.S.C. 12108 ), referred to in subsec. (h)(1), probably should be a reference to section 12108 of Title 46 , Shipping, which was enacted by section 1 of act Aug. 26, 1983 , Pub. L. 98–89 , 97 Stat. 587 . Section 12108 of Title 46 was subsequently omitted, and its provisions restated, in the general amendment of chapter 121 of Title 46 by Pub. L. 109–304, § 5 , Oct. 6, 2006 , 120 Stat. 1491 . See sections 12102, 12113, and 12116 of Title 46 and Prior Provisions note under section 12107 of Title 46 .

1995. § 973h. Enforcement

1996. Section 89 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (d)(3), redesignated section 522 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 105(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4200 , and references to section 89 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

1997. § 973i. Findings by Secretary

1998. § 973j. Reporting requirements; disclosure of information

1999. § 973k. Closed Area stowage requirements

2000. § 973l. Observers

2001. § 973m. Technical assistance

2002. § 973n. Arbitration

2003. § 973o. Disposition of fees, penalties, forfeitures, and other moneys

2004. § 973p. Additional agreements

2005. § 973q. Secretary of State to act for United States

2006. § 973r. Authorization of appropriations

2007. §1001 — Declaration of policy

2008. §1002 — Definitions

2009. §1003 — Assistance to local organizations

2010. §1003 — Section 13 of the Act of December 22, 1944 ( 58 Stat. 887 ), as amended and supplemented, referred to in par. (6), is section 13 of act Dec. 22, 1944, ch. 665 , 58 Stat. 887 , which was not classified to the Code.

2011. § 1003a. Cost share assistance

2012. §1004 — Conditions for Federal assistance

2013. §1005 — Section 1. Scope of order . This order shall apply (a) to the planning, construction, operation, and maintenance of all works of improvement under the authority of the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act (Public Law 566, as approved August 4, 1954 , as amended; U.S.C. 1001 et seq.) [this chapter], hereinafter referred to as the Act, and (b) to other programs and projects of the Department of Agriculture, and to programs and projects of the Department of the Interior, the Department of the Army, and other Federal agencies to the extent that such programs or projects affect, or are affected significantly by, works of improvement provided for in the Act.

2014. §1005 — Works of improvement

2015. §1006 — Cooperative programs

2016. § 1006a. Loans or advancements for financing local share of costs; repayment; interest; maximum amount

2017. Section 13 of the Act of December 22, 1944 ( 58 Stat. 887 ), as amended and supplemented, referred to in text, is section 13 of act Dec. 22, 1944, ch. 665 , 58 Stat. 887 , which was not classified to the Code.

2018. § 1006b. Territorial application

2019. §1007 — Authorization of appropriations

2020. §1007 — Section 13 of the Act of December 22, 1944 ( 58 Stat. 887 ), as amended and supplemented, referred to in text, is section 13 of act Dec. 22, 1944, ch. 665 , 58 Stat. 887 , which was not classified to the Code.

2021. §1008 — Notification of Secretary of the Interior of approval of assistance; surveys and investigations; report and recommendations; consideration; cost of surveys, investigations and reports

2022. §1009 — Joint investigations and surveys by Secretary of the Army and Secretary of Agriculture; reports to Congress

2023. §1010 — Data

2024. §1011 — Watershed restoration and enhancement agreements

2025. Chapter 63 of title 31 shall not apply to—

2026. § 1011a. Watershed agreements

2027. §1012 — Rehabilitation of structural measures near, at, or past their evaluated life expectancy

2028. §1012 — Section 13 of the Act of December 22, 1944 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), is section 13 of act Dec. 22, 1944, ch. 665 , 58 Stat. 905 , which is not classified to the Code.

2029. § 1012a. Funding

2030. §1015 — Definitions

2031. § 1015a. Program

2032. § 1015b. Effect of chapter

2033. §1028 — Transferred

2034. §1051 — Authorization of Administrator of General Services

2035. §1052 — Authorization of Secretary of the Interior

2036. §1053 — Delegation of responsibility for operation

2037. §1054 — Advisory Board; establishment; meetings; functions; quorum; executive secretary

2038. §1055 — Members of Advisory Board

2039. §1056 — Compensation of Advisory Board

2040. §1057 — Preparation of annual report by Director

2041. §1058 — Limitation on appropriations and expenditures; charges for visitation and use

2042. §1101 — Definitions

2043. §1102 — Joint United States-Canadian Commission; establishment; functions

2044. §1103 — Powers of Commission

2045. §1104 — Membership of Commission

2046. §1105 — Compensation

2047. §1106 — Employees

2048. §1107 — Meetings and reports; inspection of records

2049. §1108 — Insurance

2050. §1109 — Court action; service of process

2051. §1110 — Liability

2052. §1111 — Exemption from taxation

2053. §1112 — Tax treatment of any gift, devise or bequest to the Commission

2054. §1113 — Authorization of appropriations

2055. §1131 — National Wilderness Preservation System

2056. §1132 — Extent of System

2057. §1133 — Use of wilderness areas

2058. §1134 — State and private lands within wilderness areas

2059. §1135 — Gifts, bequests, and contributions

2060. §1136 — Annual reports to Congress

2061. §1151 — Definitions

2062. §1152 — Prohibitions

2063. §1153 — Sealing permitted by Aleuts, Eskimos, and Indians

2064. §1154 — Scientific research on fur seal resources; use of fur seals for educational, scientific, or exhibition purposes

2065. §1155 — Authority of Secretary of Commerce

2066. §1156 — Enforcement provisions

2067. §1157 — North Pacific Fur Seal Commission; appointment of United States Commissioner, Deputy Commissioner, and Advisors; duties, compensation, and travel expenses

2068. §1158 — Acceptance or rejection by Secretaries of State and Commerce of Commission recommendations

2069. §1159 — Federal agency consultations with and technical assistance to Secretary of Commerce or Commission; reimbursement for assistance

2070. §1161 — Administration of fur seal rookeries and other Federal real and personal property on Pribilof Islands

2071. §1161 — Section 1417 of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 96–487, title XIV, § 1417 , Dec. 2, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2500 , which is not classified to the Code.

2072. §1162 — Authority of Secretary to operate, maintain, and repair Government-owned property; necessary facilities, services, and equipment for Federal employees and dependents

2073. §1163 — Responsibility of Alaska to meet educational needs of Pribilof Islands citizens

2074. §1164 — Responsibility of Secretary of Health and Human Services to provide medical and dental care to Pribilof Islands natives

2075. §1165 — Disposal of Federal property on Pribilof Islands

2076. §1166 — Financial assistance

2077. §1167 — Leases, permits, agreements, and contracts with public or private agencies or persons

2078. §1168 — Civil service retirement benefits

2079. §1169 — Regulations

2080. § 1169a. Annuities and survivor annuities; recomputation

2081. § 1169b. Use of local entities

2082. §1171 — Seizure and forfeiture of vessels

2083. §1172 — Practice and procedure

2084. §1173 — Regulations

2085. §1174 — Penalties

2086. §1175 — Authorization of appropriations

2087. §1201 — Declaration of purposes; Secretary’s cooperation with and assistance to States

2088. §1202 — Authority of Secretary; studies, research, and investigations; control measures; execution of program; other actions; costs

2089. §1203 — Authorization of appropriations

2090. §1204 — Compacts

2091. §1205 — General authority of Secretary for conducting studies, research, and investigations unaffected

2092. §1211 — Congressional statement of purpose

2093. §1212 — Investigation and control of crown of thorns starfish

2094. §1213 — Authorization of appropriations

2095. §1220 — State applications for obsolete ships for use as offshore reefs

2096. Section 1220(c)(1) of this title , referred to in par. (4), probably means section 7 of Pub. L. 92–402 , which is classified to section 1220c–1 of this title .

2097. § 1220a. Transfer of title; terms and conditions

2098. § 1220b. Obsolete ships available; number; equitable administration

2099. § 1220c. Denial of applications; finality of decision

2100. § 1220d. “Obsolete ship” defined

2101. §1221 — Congressional declaration of policy

2102. §1222 — General study and inventory of estuaries and their natural resources

2103. §1222 — Section 5(g) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, referred to in text, was originally classified to section 466c(g) of Title 33 , Navigation and Navigable Waters. Section 5(g) of the Act was redesignated as section 5(m) by sec. 105( l ) of Pub. L. 91–224 , Apr. 3, 1970 , 84 Stat. 111 , and was reclassified to section 1155(m) of Title 33 . The Federal Water Pollution Control Act was amended generally by sec. 2 of Pub. L. 92–500 , Oct. 18, 1972 , 86 Stat. 816 , and the provisions relating to comprehensive estuarine pollution study are contained in section 104(n), which is classified to section 1254(n) of Title 33 .

2104. §1223 — Agreements with States and subdivisions; equitable sharing of costs; development improvements; availability of appropriations; State hunting and fishing laws applicable

2105. §1224 — Commercial and industrial development considerations; reports to Congress; recommendations

2106. §1225 — State consideration of protection and restoration of estuaries in State comprehensive planning and proposals for financial assistance under certain Federal laws; grants: terms and conditions, prohibition against disposition of lands without approval of the Secretary

2107. §1226 — Federal agency authority to carry out Federal project within an estuary unaffected

2108. §1241 — Congressional statement of policy and declaration of purpose

2109. §1241 — Section 1. Federal Agency Duties . Federal agencies will, to the extent permitted by law and where practicable—and in cooperation with Tribes, States, local governments, and interested citizen groups—protect, connect, promote, and assist trails of all types throughout the United States. This will be accomplished by:

2110. §1242 — National trails system

2111. §1243 — National recreation trails; establishment and designation; prerequisites

2112. §1244 — National scenic and national historic trails

2113. §1245 — Connecting or side trails; establishment, designation, and marking as components of national trails system; location

2114. §1246 — Administration and development of national trails system

2115. §1246 — Section 6 of Public Law 96–541 , referred to in subsec. (k), is section 6 of Pub. L. 96–541 , Dec. 17, 1980 , 94 Stat. 3206 , which amended section 170 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code, and enacted and amended provisions set out as notes under section 170 of Title 26 .

2116. §1247 — Section 701 of the Housing Act of 1954, referred to in subsec. (b), was classified to section 461 of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 97–35, title III, § 313(b) , Aug. 13, 1981 , 95 Stat. 398 .

2117. §1247 — State and local area recreation and historic trails

2118. §1248 — Easements and rights-of-way

2119. §1249 — Authorization of appropriations

2120. §1250 — Volunteer trails assistance

2121. §1251 — Definitions

2122. §1262 — National Recreational Trails Advisory Committee

2123. §1262 — Section 1261 of this title , referred to in subsec. (h), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–178, title I, § 1112(c) , June 9, 1998 , 112 Stat. 151 .

2124. §1271 — Congressional declaration of policy

2125. §1272 — Congressional declaration of purpose

2126. §1273 — National wild and scenic rivers system

2127. §1274 — Component rivers and adjacent lands

2128. §1275 — Additions to national wild and scenic rivers system

2129. §1276 — Rivers constituting potential additions to national wild and scenic rivers system

2130. §1276 — Section 3183 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(6), was in the original “section 1204 of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act” and has been editorially translated as section 3183 of this title , which is section 1203 of that Act, as the probable intent of Congress, in view of that Act being enacted without a section 1204 and section 1203 of that Act relating to the Bristol Bay Cooperative Region Plan.

2131. §1276 — Section 5 of the Michigan Scenic Rivers Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (b)(13), probably means section 5 of Pub. L. 102–249 , Mar. 3, 1992 , 106 Stat. 50 , known as the Michigan Scenic Rivers Act of 1991, which is not classified to the Code.

2132. §1277 — Land acquisition

2133. §1278 — Restrictions on water resources projects

2134. §1279 — Withdrawal of public lands from entry, sale, or other disposition under public land laws

2135. §1280 — Federal mining and mineral leasing laws

2136. §1281 — Administration

2137. §1282 — Assistance to State and local projects

2138. §1283 — Management policies

2139. §1284 — Existing State jurisdiction and responsibilities

2140. §1285 — Claim and allowance of charitable deduction for contribution or gift of easement

2141. § 1285a. Lease of Federal lands

2142. § 1285b. Establishment of boundaries for certain component rivers in Alaska; withdrawal of minerals

2143. §1286 — Definitions

2144. §1287 — Authorization of appropriations

2145. §1301 — Congressional declaration of policy; authority of Secretary

2146. §1302 — Conservation agreements to effectuate water bank program; duration and renewal; adjustment of payment rate for renewal period; “wetlands” defined; duration of ownership or control of land as determining eligibility for agreements; protection of and compensation for tenants and sharecroppers; participation by owner or operator in other Federal or State programs

2147. §1303 — Terms of agreement; required provisions

2148. §1304 — Annual payment; adjustment

2149. §1305 — Renewal or extension of agreement; participation of subsequent owner or operator in program

2150. §1306 — Termination or modification of agreements

2151. §1307 — Utilization of services and facilities

2152. §1308 — Advisory Board; appointment; functions; membership; reimbursement for expenses

2153. §1309 — Consultation with Secretary of the Interior; conformity of program with wetlands programs administered by Secretary of the Interior; consultation with and utilization of technical services of appropriate local, State, Federal, and private conservation agencies; coordination of programs

2154. §1310 — Authorization of appropriations; maximum amount of payments pursuant to agreements

2155. §1311 — Rules and regulations

2156. §1331 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

2157. §1332 — Definitions

2158. §1333 — Powers and duties of Secretary

2159. §1333 — Section 1902 of title 43 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was in the original “section 2 of the Public Range Lands Improvement Act of 1978” (classified to 43 U.S.C. 1901 ) and was changed to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2160. §1334 — Private maintenance; numerical approximation; strays on private lands: removal; destruction by agents

2161. §1335 — Recovery rights

2162. §1336 — Cooperative agreements; regulations

2163. §1337 — Joint advisory board; appointment; membership; functions; qualifications; reimbursement limitation

2164. §1338 — Criminal provisions

2165. § 1338a. Transportation of captured animals; procedures and prohibitions applicable

2166. §1339 — Limitation of authority

2167. §1340 — Joint report to Congress; consultation and coordination of implementation, enforcement, and departmental activities; studies

2168. §1361 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

2169. §1362 — Definitions For the purposes of this chapter-

2170. §1371 — Moratorium on taking and importing marine mammals and marine mammal products

2171. §1372 — Prohibitions

2172. §1373 — Regulations on taking of marine mammals

2173. §1374 — Permits

2174. §1375 — Penalties

2175. § 1375a. Use of fines for protection and recovery of manatees, polar bears, sea otters, and walruses

2176. §1376 — Seizure and forfeiture of cargo

2177. §1377 — Enforcement

2178. §1378 — International program

2179. §1379 — Section 1362(14) of this title , referred to in subsecs. (b)(3)(B)(i) and (d), was redesignated section 1362(15) by Pub. L. 102–582, title IV, § 401(a) , Nov. 2, 1992 , 106 Stat. 4909 .

2180. §1379 — Transfer of management authority

2181. §1380 — Marine mammal research grants

2182. §1380 — Section 1404 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(3), was omitted from the Code.

2183. §1381 — Commercial fisheries gear development

2184. §1382 — Regulations and administration

2185. §1383 — Application to other treaties and conventions

2186. § 1383a. Interim exemption for commercial fisheries

2187. Section 1802 of this title , referred to in subsec. ( o )(1), (4), was subsequently amended, and section 1802(8) and (27) no longer defines the terms “fishery” and “vessel of the United States”. However, such terms are defined elsewhere in that section.

2188. § 1383b. Status review; conservation plans

2189. §1384 — Authorization of appropriations

2190. §1385 — Dolphin protection

2191. §1386 — Stock assessments

2192. §1387 — Taking of marine mammals incidental to commercial fishing operations

2193. §1388 — Marine mammal cooperative agreements in Alaska

2194. §1389 — Pacific Coast Task Force; Gulf of Maine

2195. §1390 — Assistance to ports to reduce impacts of vessel traffic and port operations on marine mammals

2196. §1391 — Near real-time monitoring and mitigation program for large cetaceans

2197. §1392 — Monitoring ocean soundscapes

2198. §1393 — Conservation and mitigation assistance

2199. §1401 — Establishment

2200. §1402 — Duties of Commission

2201. §1402 — Section 1404 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was omitted from the Code.

2202. §1403 — Committee of Scientific Advisors on Marine Mammals

2203. §1405 — Coordination with other Federal agencies

2204. §1406 — Administration

2205. §1407 — Authorization of appropriations

2206. §1411 — Findings and policy

2207. §1412 — International Dolphin Conservation Program

2208. §1413 — Regulatory authority of Secretary

2209. § 1414a. Research

2210. §1415 — Reports by Secretary

2211. §1416 — Permits

2212. §1417 — Prohibitions

2213. §1421 — Establishment of Program

2214. § 1421a. Determination; data collection and dissemination

2215. § 1421b. Stranding or entanglement response agreements

2216. § 1421c. Unusual mortality event response

2217. § 1421d. Unusual mortality event activity funding

2218. § 1421e. Liability

2219. § 1421f. National Marine Mammal Tissue Bank and tissue analysis

2220. § 1421g. Authorization of appropriations

2221. § 1421h. Definitions

2222. §1423 — Definitions

2223. § 1423a. Prohibitions

2224. § 1423b. Administration

2225. § 1423c. Cooperative management agreement; authority to delegate enforcement authority

2226. § 1423d. Commission appointments; compensation, travel expenses, and claims

2227. § 1423e. Votes taken by the United States section on matters before the Commission

2228. § 1423f. Implementation of actions taken by the Commission

2229. § 1423g. Application with other subchapters of chapter

2230. § 1423h. Authorization of appropriations

2231. §1431 — Findings, purposes, and policies; establishment of system

2232. §1431 — Sec. 2. Collaboration on Conservation . The Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce (Secretaries) shall collaborate, as appropriate, regarding conservation of the lands and surrounding waters of the Pacific Remote Islands.

2233. §1431 — Sec. 3. Collaborative Process on Naming . In recognition of the deep and enduring cultural significance of this region to the oceanic cultures of the Pacific, the Secretaries shall develop and implement a process to collaborate with Indigenous language experts, Native Hawaiian Organizations, and other representatives from Indigenous Peoples with ancestral, historical, and cultural connections to the area to develop names and naming conventions reflecting ancestral, historical, and cultural connections for the National Wildlife Refuges and any National Marine Sanctuary designated in the area of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument and for the islands, atolls, reefs, and other natural features in the area. Within 2 years of the date of this memorandum and through the process they develop, the Secretaries shall identify appropriate names for the National Wildlife Refuges within the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument and any National Marine Sanctuary that is designated in the area, provide a recommendation to the President on the potential renaming of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument, and identify appropriate naming conventions and processes for naming natural features within the boundaries of the Monument and any National Marine Sanctuary that is designated in the area.

2234. §1431 — Sec. 4. Recommendations on Appropriate Cultural Recognition . Within 2 years of the date of this memorandum, the Secretaries shall engage with Native Hawaiian Organizations and relevant Pacific Island Indigenous communities and coordinate with other executive departments and agencies, as appropriate, to provide the President with recommendations on honoring the heritage, traditional practices, ancestral pathways, and stopping points for Pacific Island voyagers and on providing posthumous recognition for the Hui Panala’au, who were Native Hawaiians sent to the Pacific Remote Islands between 1935 and 1942, many of whom were young men from the Kamehameha Schools.

2235. §1431 — Sec. 5. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

2236. §1431 — Section 1. Initiating National Marine Sanctuary Designation . (a) Within 30 days of the date of this memorandum [ Mar. 24, 2023 ], the Secretary of Commerce should consider initiating designation of a National Marine Sanctuary pursuant to the National Marine Sanctuaries Act, 16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq ., to provide the most comprehensive and lasting protections to the significant natural and cultural resources of the submerged lands and waters surrounding the seven islands, atolls, and reefs of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument—both within and outside the Monument boundary, to the full extent of the seaward limit of the United States Exclusive Economic Zone—including marine life, shoals, seamounts, reefs, banks, and sediments high in minerals and sequestered carbon dioxide for the benefit of present and future generations.

2237. §1431 — Section 1. Purpose . This Executive Order will help protect the significant natural and cultural resources within the marine environment for the benefit of present and future generations by strengthening and expanding the Nation’s system of marine protected areas (MPAs). An expanded and strengthened comprehensive system of marine protected areas throughout the marine environment would enhance the conservation of our Nation’s natural and cultural marine heritage and the ecologically and economically sustainable use of the marine environment for future generations. To this end, the purpose of this order is to, consistent with domestic and international law: (a) strengthen the management, protection, and conservation of existing marine protected areas and establish new or expanded MPAs; (b) develop a scientifically based, comprehensive national system of MPAs representing diverse U.S. marine ecosystems, and the Nation’s natural and cultural resources; and (c) avoid causing harm to MPAs through federally conducted, approved, or funded activities.

2238. §1432 — Definitions

2239. §1432 — Section 1434(a)(1)(C) of this title , referred to in par. (1), was amended generally by Pub. L. 106–513, § 6(a) , Nov. 13, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2383 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a cl. (v).

2240. §1433 — Sanctuary designation standards

2241. §1434 — Procedures for designation and implementation

2242. §1435 — Application of regulations; international negotiations and cooperation

2243. §1436 — Prohibited activities

2244. §1437 — Enforcement

2245. §1437 — Section 89 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (i), was redesignated section 522 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 105(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4200 , and references to section 89 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

2246. §1439 — Regulations

2247. §1440 — Research, monitoring, and education

2248. §1441 — Special use permits

2249. §1442 — Cooperative agreements, donations, and acquisitions

2250. §1442 — Section 2204 of title II of Pub. L. 102–587 , which was formerly set out as a note under this section, was renumbered section 316 of Pub. L. 92–532 , The National Marine Sanctuaries Act, by Pub. L. 104–283, § 6(a) , Oct. 11, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3364 , and is classified to section 1445b of this title .

2251. §1443 — Destruction or loss of, or injury to, sanctuary resources

2252. §1444 — Authorization of appropriations

2253. §1445 — U.S.S. Monitor artifacts and materials

2254. § 1445a. Advisory Councils

2255. § 1445b. Enhancing support for national marine sanctuaries

2256. § 316 of Pub. L. 92–532

2257. § 1445c. Dr. Nancy Foster Scholarship Program

2258. §1447 — Purposes

2259. § 1447a. Definitions

2260. § 1447b. Regional Marine Research Boards

2261. § 1447c. Regional research plans

2262. § 1447d. Research grant program

2263. § 1447e. Report on research program

2264. § 1447f. Authorization of appropriations

2265. §1451 — Congressional findings

2266. §1452 — Congressional declaration of policy

2267. §1453 — Definitions

2268. §1453 — Sec. 2. Implementation . The Secretary of State (Secretary) shall have lead responsibility for implementing this proclamation, in consultation with relevant executive departments and agencies (agencies) and with the Ocean Policy Committee established in Executive Order 13840 (Ocean Policy Committee).

2269. §1453 — Sec. 3. Intelligence . The Intelligence Community of the Federal Government shall support the implementation of this proclamation, as appropriate.

2270. §1453 — Sec. 4. Information Sharing . To facilitate the process for reviewing applications for marine scientific research, agencies not part of the Intelligence Community shall share information related to marine scientific research with the Department of State, to the maximum extent authorized by law.

2271. §1453 — Sec. 5. Termination . This proclamation shall remain in effect until terminated by the President. At any time, but not less frequently than every 2 years from the date of this proclamation [ Sept. 9, 2020 ], the Secretary may recommend that the President modify or terminate this proclamation. Any such recommendation by the Secretary shall be coordinated with the National Security Council staff and the Ocean Policy Committee.

2272. §1453 — Sec. 6. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this proclamation shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

2273. §1453 — Section 1 of the Act of November 20, 1963 , referred to in par. (1), is section 1 of Pub. L. 88–183 , Nov. 20, 1963 , 77 Stat. 338 , which was classified to section 1701 of Title 48 , Territories and Insular Possessions, and was repealed by Pub. L. 93–435, § 5 , Oct. 5, 1974 , 88 Stat. 1212 . See section 1705 of Title 48 .

2274. §1453 — Section 1. Policy . The United States will exercise its right to regulate, authorize, and conduct marine scientific research, with a specific requirement to authorize, in advance, all instances of foreign marine scientific research, in the United States EEZ and on its continental shelf to the extent permitted under international law.

2275. §1453 — Section 1502 of title 33 , referred to in par. (5)(iii), was subsequently amended, and section 1502(10) no longer defines the term “deepwater port”. However, such term is defined elsewhere in that section.

2276. §1454 — Submittal of State program for approval

2277. §1455 — Administrative grants

2278. § 1455a. Coastal resource improvement program

2279. § 1455b. Protecting coastal waters

2280. Section 318(a) of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, referred to in subsec. (h)(2)(A), which is classified to section 1464(a) of this title , was amended by Pub. L. 104–150, § 4(1) , June 3, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1381 , and, as so amended, does not contain a par. (4).

2281. §1456 — Coordination and cooperation

2282. § 1456a. Coastal Zone Management Fund

2283. § 1456b. Coastal zone enhancement grants

2284. § 1456c. Technical assistance

2285. § 1456d. Coastal and Estuarine Land Conservation Program

2286. §1457 — Public hearings

2287. §1458 — Review of performance

2288. §1459 — Records and audit

2289. §1460 — Walter B. Jones excellence in coastal zone management awards

2290. §1461 — National Estuarine Research Reserve System

2291. §1462 — Coastal zone management reports

2292. §1463 — Rules and regulations

2293. § 1463b. National Coastal Resources Research and Development Institute

2294. §1464 — Authorization of appropriations

2295. §1465 — Appeals to the Secretary

2296. §1466 — Appeals relating to offshore mineral development

2297. §1467 — Establishment of the Digital Coast

2298. §1468 — Regional Ocean Partnerships

2299. §1531 — Congressional findings and declaration of purposes and policy

2300. §1532 — Definitions

2301. §1533 — Determination of endangered species and threatened species

2302. §1534 — Land acquisition

2303. §1535 — Cooperation with States

2304. §1536 — Interagency cooperation

2305. §1537 — International cooperation

2306. § 1537a. Convention implementation

2307. §1538 — Prohibited acts

2308. §1538 — Section 668cc–4 of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 93–205, § 14 , Dec. 28, 1973 , 87 Stat. 903 .

2309. §1539 — Exceptions

2310. §1539 — Section 668cc–3 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 93–205, § 14 , Dec. 28, 1973 , 87 Stat. 903 .

2311. §1540 — Penalties and enforcement

2312. §1541 — Endangered plants

2313. §1542 — Authorization of appropriations

2314. §1543 — Construction with Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972

2315. §1544 — Annual cost analysis by Fish and Wildlife Service

2316. §1600 — Congressional findings

2317. §1601 — Renewable Resource Assessment

2318. §1602 — Renewable Resource Program; preparation by Secretary and transmittal to President; purpose and development of program; time of preparation, updating and contents

2319. §1603 — National Forest System resource inventories; development, maintenance, and updating by Secretary as part of Assessment

2320. §1604 — National Forest System land and resource management plans

2321. §1605 — Protection, use and management of renewable resources on non-Federal lands; utilization of Assessment, surveys and Program by Secretary to assist States, etc.

2322. §1606 — Budget requests by President for Forest Service activities

2323. §1606 — Section 15, formerly section 12 of Pub. L. 95–313 , renumbered § 15, Pub. L. 101–624, title XII, § 1215(1) , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3525 , provided in part that the amendment of subsec. (c) of this section by Pub. L. 95–313 is to insure that Congress has adequate information to implement its oversight responsibilities and to provide accountability for expenditures and activities under the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978. See Short Title note set out under section 2101 of this title for classification of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 in the Code.

2324. § 1606a. Reforestation Trust Fund

2325. §1607 — National Forest System renewable resources; development and administration by Secretary in accordance with multiple use and sustained yield concepts for products and services; target year for operational posture of resources; budget requests

2326. §1608 — National Forest Transportation System

2327. §1609 — National Forest System

2328. §1609 — Section 471 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 94–579, title VII, § 704(a) , Oct. 21, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2792 .)

2329. §1610 — Implementation of provisions by Secretary; utilization of information and data of other organizations; avoidance of duplication of planning, etc.; “renewable resources” defined

2330. §1611 — Timber

2331. §1612 — Public participation

2332. §1613 — Promulgation of regulations

2333. §1614 — Severability

2334. §1641 — Findings and purpose

2335. §1642 — Investigations, experiments, tests, and other activities

2336. §1643 — Implementation of provisions

2337. §1644 — Forestry and rangeland competitive research grants

2338. §1645 — General provisions

2339. §1646 — Authorization of appropriations

2340. §1647 — Other Federal programs

2341. §1650 — Hardwood technology transfer and applied research

2342. §1671 — Congressional statement of findings

2343. §1672 — General program authorization

2344. §1673 — State programs

2345. §1674 — Renewable Resources Extension Program plan

2346. § 1674a. Expanded programs

2347. § 1674b. Sustainable Forestry Outreach Initiative

2348. §1675 — Authorization of appropriations; criteria for eligibility of States for funds

2349. §1676 — Issuance of rules and regulations for implementation of provisions and coordination with agricultural, research, extension, and teaching provisions

2350. §1681 — Congressional statement of purpose

2351. §1682 — Pilot projects and demonstrations

2352. §1683 — Pilot projects; requirements; residue removal credits as compensation; implementation guidelines

2353. §1684 — Annual reports

2354. §1685 — Regulations

2355. §1686 — Definitions

2356. §1687 — Authorization of appropriations

2357. §1701 — Congressional declaration of policy and purpose

2358. §1702 — Establishment

2359. §1703 — Duties and functions of Secretary of the Interior and Secretary of Agriculture

2360. §1704 — Grants to States

2361. §1706 — Authorization of appropriations

2362. §1721 — Congressional findings and purpose

2363. §1722 — Definitions

2364. §1722 — Section 4 of Public Law 86–3 , referred to in par. (4), is set out as a note preceding section 491 of Title 48 .

2365. §1723 — Public Lands Corps program

2366. §1724 — Conservation centers and program support

2367. §1725 — Resource assistants

2368. § 1725a. Direct hire authority

2369. § 1725b. Forest Service hire authority

2370. Section 203 of the Public Land Corps Act, referred to in subsec. (b), probably means section 203 of the Public Lands Corps Act of 1993, title II of Pub. L. 91–378 , which is classified to section 1722 of this title .

2371. §1726 — Compensation and terms of service

2372. §1727 — National service educational awards

2373. § 1727a. Reporting and data collection

2374. § 1727b. Indian Youth Service Corps

2375. §1728 — Nondisplacement

2376. §1729 — Funding

2377. §1730 — Authorization of appropriations

2378. §1801 — Findings, purposes and policy

2379. §1801 — Sec. 10. Promoting Aquatic Animal Health . (a) Within 30 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Commerce, other appropriate Federal officials, and States, as appropriate, shall consider whether to terminate the 2008 National Aquatic Animal Health Plan and to replace it with a new National Aquatic Animal Health Plan.

2380. §1801 — Sec. 11. International Seafood Trade . (a) In furtherance of fair and reciprocal trade in seafood products, within 30 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce shall establish an Interagency Seafood Trade Task Force (Seafood Trade Task Force) to be co-chaired by the Secretary of Commerce and the United States Trade Representative (Co-Chairs), or their designees. The Secretary of Commerce shall, to the extent permitted by law and within existing appropriations, provide administrative support and funding for the Seafood Trade Task Force.

2381. §1801 — Sec. 12. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

2382. §1801 — Sec. 2. Policy . It is the policy of the Federal Government to:

2383. §1801 — Sec. 3. Definitions . For purposes of this order:

2384. §1801 — Sec. 4. Removing Barriers to American Fishing . (a) The Secretary of Commerce shall request each Regional Fishery Management Council to submit, within 180 days of the date of this order [ May 7, 2020 ], a prioritized list of recommended actions to reduce burdens on domestic fishing and to increase production within sustainable fisheries, including a proposal for initiating each recommended action within 1 year of the date of this order.

2385. §1801 — Sec. 5. Combating Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing . (a) Within 90 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), shall issue, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, a notice of proposed rulemaking further implementing the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter, and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing, which entered into force on June 5, 2016 (the Port State Measures Agreement).

2386. §1801 — Sec. 6. Removing Barriers to Aquaculture Permitting . (a) For aquaculture projects that require environmental review or authorization by two or more agencies in order to proceed with the permitting of an aquaculture facility, when the lead agency has determined that it will prepare an environmental impact statement (EIS) under NEPA, the agencies shall undertake to complete all environmental reviews and authorization decisions within 2 years, measured from the date of the publication of a notice of intent to prepare an EIS to the date of issuance of the Record of Decision (ROD), and shall use the “One Federal Decision” process enhancements described in section 5(b) of Executive Order 13807 of August 15, 2017 (Establishing Discipline and Accountability in the Environmental Review and Permitting Process for Infrastructure Projects) [ 42 U.S.C. 4370m note], and in subsections (a)(ii) and (iii) of this section. For such projects:

2387. §1801 — Sec. 7. Aquaculture Opportunity Areas . (a) The Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, other appropriate Federal officials, and appropriate Regional Fishery Management Councils, and in coordination with appropriate State and tribal governments, shall:

2388. §1801 — Sec. 8. Improving Regulatory Transparency for Aquaculture . (a) Within 240 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with other appropriate Federal and State officials, shall prepare and place prominently on the appropriate NOAA web page a single guidance document that:

2389. §1801 — Sec. 9. Updating National Aquaculture Development Plan . (a) Within 180 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, and the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Joint Subcommittee on Aquaculture, established pursuant to the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 ( 16 U.S.C. 2801 et seq .), shall assess whether to revise the National Aquaculture Development Plan, consistent with 16 U.S.C. 2803(a)(2) and (d), in order to strengthen our Nation’s domestic aquaculture production and improve the efficiency and predictability of aquaculture permitting, including permitting for aquaculture projects located outside of the waters of any State or Territory and within the exclusive economic zone of the United States.

2390. §1801 — Section 1. Federal Agency Duties . Federal agencies shall, to the extent permitted by law and where practicable, and in cooperation with States and Tribes, improve the quantity, function, sustainable productivity, and distribution of U.S. aquatic resources for increased recreational fishing opportunities by: (a) developing and encouraging partnerships between governments and the private sector to advance aquatic resource conservation and enhance recreational fishing opportunities;

2391. §1801 — Section 1. Purpose . America needs a vibrant and competitive seafood industry to create and sustain American jobs, put safe and healthy food on American tables, and contribute to the American economy. Despite America’s bountiful aquatic resources, by weight our Nation imports over 85 percent of the seafood consumed in the United States. At the same time, illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing undermines the sustainability of American and global seafood stocks, negatively affects general ecosystem health, and unfairly competes with the products of law-abiding fishermen and seafood industries around the world. More effective permitting related to offshore aquaculture and additional streamlining of fishery regulations have the potential to revolutionize American seafood production, enhance rural prosperity, and improve the quality of American lives. By removing outdated and unnecessarily burdensome regulations; strengthening efforts to combat illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing; improving the transparency and efficiency of environmental reviews; and renewing our focus on long-term strategic planning to facilitate aquaculture projects, we can protect our aquatic environments; revitalize our Nation’s seafood industry; get more Americans back to work; and put healthy, safe food on our families’ tables.

2392. §1802 — Definitions

2393. §1803 — Authorization of appropriations

2394. §1811 — United States sovereign rights to fish and fishery management authority

2395. §1812 — Highly migratory species

2396. §1821 — Foreign fishing

2397. §1822 — International fishery agreements

2398. §1823 — Congressional oversight of international fishery agreements

2399. §1824 — Permits for foreign fishing

2400. §1824 — Section 112(b) of the Sustainable Fisheries Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(4)(A)(v), is section 112(b) of Pub. L. 104–297 , which amended section 1856 of this title . The reference probably should have been to section 111(b) of Pub. L. 104–297 which relates to western Pacific demonstration projects and is set out as a note under section 1855 of this title .

2401. §1825 — Import prohibitions

2402. §1826 — Large-scale driftnet fishing

2403. § 1826a. Denial of port privileges and sanctions for high seas large-scale driftnet fishing

2404. § 1826b. Duration of denial of port privileges and sanctions

2405. § 1826c. Definitions

2406. § 1826d. Prohibition

2407. § 1826e. Negotiations

2408. § 1826f. Certification

2409. § 1826g. Enforcement

2410. § 1826h. Biennial report on international compliance

2411. § 1826i. Action to strengthen international fishery management organizations

2412. § 1826j. Illegal, unreported, or unregulated fishing

2413. Section 11329 of the Don Young Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2022, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(D), is section 11329 of div. K of Pub. L. 117–263 , which is set out as a note under section 1885a of this title .

2414. § 1826k. Equivalent conservation measures

2415. Section 1826a(a) and section 1826a(b)(3) and (4) of this title, referred to in subsec. (c)(5), was in the original “section 101(a) and section 101(b)(3) and (4) of this Act ( 16 U.S.C. 1826a(a) , (b)(3), and (b)(4))” and was translated as meaning section 101(a) and section 101(b)(3) and (4) of the High Seas Driftnet Fisheries Enforcement Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2416. §1827 — Observer program regarding certain foreign fishing

2417. §1827 — Section 101 of the Act of 1976 [ 16 U.S.C. 1811 ], referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), which established the fishery conservation zone, was amended generally by Pub. L. 99–659, title I, § 101(b) , Nov. 14, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3706 , and now relates to United States sovereign rights to fish and fishery management authority within the exclusive economic zone.

2418. § 1827a. Prohibition on sale of billfish

2419. §1828 — Foreign fishing incursions

2420. §1829 — International monitoring and compliance

2421. §1851 — National standards for fishery conservation and management

2422. §1852 — Regional Fishery Management Councils

2423. §1852 — Section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act for Fiscal year 2001, referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(E), is section 1(a)(3) [title V, § 515] of Pub. L. 106–554 , which is set out as a note under section 3516 of Title 44 , Public Printing and Documents.

2424. §1853 — Contents of fishery management plans

2425. § 1853a. Limited access privilege programs

2426. §1854 — Action by Secretary

2427. §1855 — Other requirements and authority

2428. §1856 — State jurisdiction

2429. §1857 — Prohibited acts

2430. §1858 — Civil penalties and permit sanctions

2431. §1859 — Criminal offenses

2432. §1860 — Civil forfeitures

2433. §1861 — Enforcement

2434. § 1861a. Transition to sustainable fisheries

2435. § 1861b. Fisheries enforcement plans and reporting

2436. §1862 — North Pacific fisheries conservation

2437. §1863 — Northwest Atlantic Ocean Fisheries Reinvestment Program

2438. §1865 — Bycatch reduction engineering program

2439. §1866 — Shark feeding

2440. §1867 — Cooperative research and management program

2441. §1868 — Herring study

2442. §1869 — Restoration study

2443. §1870 — Required possession of descending devices

2444. §1881 — Registration and information management

2445. § 1881a. Information collection

2446. Section 11329 of the Don Young Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2022, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(I), is section 11329 of div. K of Pub. L. 117–263 , which is set out as a note under section 1885a of this title .

2447. § 1881b. Observers

2448. Section 11329 of the Don Young Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2022, referred to in subsec. (b)(4), is section 11329 of div. K of Pub. L. 117–263 , which is set out as a note under section 1885a of this title .

2449. § 1881c. Fisheries research

2450. § 1881d. Incidental harvest research

2451. §1882 — Fisheries systems research

2452. §1883 — Gulf of Mexico red snapper research

2453. §1884 — Deep sea coral research and technology program

2454. §1885 — Seafood import monitoring program

2455. § 1885a. Report on Seafood Import Monitoring Program

2456. §1891 — Investment in United States seafood processing facilities

2457. § 1891a. Community-based restoration program for fishery and coastal habitats

2458. § 1891b. Fisheries Conservation and Management Fund

2459. § 1891c. United States catch history

2460. § 1891d. Secretarial representative for international fisheries

2461. §2001 — Congressional findings

2462. §2002 — Definitions

2463. §2003 — Congressional policy and declaration of purpose

2464. §2004 — Continuing appraisal of soil, water, and related resources

2465. §2005 — Soil and water conservation program

2466. §2006 — Reports to Congress

2467. §2007 — Authorization of appropriations

2468. §2008 — Utilization of available information and data

2469. §2009 — Termination of program

2470. §2101 — Findings, purpose, and policy

2471. §2101 — Sec. 2. United States One Trillion Trees Interagency Council . There is hereby established a United States One Trillion Trees Interagency Council (Council). The Council shall be charged with developing, coordinating, and promoting Federal Government interactions with the Initiative with respect to tree growing, restoration, and conservation, and with coordinating with key stakeholders to help advance the Initiative. The Council shall remain independent from the Initiative.

2472. §2101 — Sec. 3. Agency Roles and Responsibilities . All members of the Council who are heads of agencies shall:

2473. §2101 — Sec. 4. Council Mission and Functions . The mission of the Council shall be to promote an increase in Federal Government activities and other national efforts that further the Initiative by growing, restoring, and conserving trees. The Council shall:

2474. §2101 — Sec. 5. Termination . The Council shall terminate on December 31, 2030 .

2475. §2101 — Sec. 6. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

2476. §2101 — Section 1. Purpose . As I declared in Executive Order 13855 of December 21, 2018 (Promoting Active Management of America’s Forests, Rangelands, and Other Federal Lands To Improve Conditions and Reduce Wildfire Risk) [ 43 U.S.C. 1748b note], it is the policy of the United States to promote healthy and resilient forests, rangelands, and other Federal lands by actively managing them through partnerships with States, tribes, communities, non-profit organizations, and the private sector.

2477. §2101 — Section 17, formerly section 14, of Pub. L. 95–313 , as renumbered § 17 by Pub. L. 101–624, title XII, § 1215(1) , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3525 , provided that: “The provisions of this Act [see Short Title note below] shall become effective October 1, 1978 .”

2478. § 2101a. State-wide assessment and strategies for forest resources

2479. §2102 — Rural forestry assistance

2480. § 2103a. Forest Stewardship Program

2481. § 2103c. Forest Legacy Program

2482. § 2103d. Community forest and open space conservation program

2483. §2104 — Forest health protection

2484. § 2104a. Pest and Disease Revolving Loan Fund

2485. §2105 — Urban and community forestry assistance

2486. §2106 — Rural fire prevention and control

2487. §2106 — Section 1926(a)(7) of title 7 , referred to in subsec. (b)(3), was repealed by Pub. L. 107–171, title VI, § 6020(b)(1) , May 13, 2002 , 116 Stat. 363 .

2488. § 2106a. Emergency reforestation assistance

2489. Section 1308 of title 7 (before the amendment made by section 1603(a) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008), referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(A), means section 1308 of title 7 before the amendment made by section 1603(a) of Pub. L. 110–246 , which amended the definition of “covered commodity” in section 1308(a)(1). Section 1603(b) of Pub. L. 110–246 amended section 1308 by, among other things, adding subsec. (a)(4) which defined “person” and striking out subsec. (e) which related to issuance of regulations defining “person”. The amendments made by section 1603 of Pub. L. 110–246 to section 1308 were effective May 22, 2008 .

2490. § 2106b. Use of money collected from States for fire suppression assistance

2491. § 2106c. Enhanced community fire protection

2492. §2107 — Financial, technical, and related assistance to States

2493. §2108 — Consolidation of payments

2494. §2108 — Section 2103 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed and a new section 2103 enacted by Pub. L. 107–171, title VIII , §§ 8001(a), 8002(b), May 13, 2002 , 116 Stat. 468 . Section 2103, as enacted by Pub. L. 107–171 , was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title VIII, § 8001(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 913 .

2495. §2109 — General provisions

2496. §2109 — Section 2104(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (h), was in the original a reference to section 7(b), meaning section 7(b) of Pub. L. 95–313 , which has been translated as reading section 8(b) of Pub. L. 95–313 as the probable intent of Congress. Section 7(b) of Pub. L. 95–313 , which is classified to section 2103c of this title , does not contain pars. (1) to (5).

2497. § 2109a. State and private forest landscape-scale restoration program

2498. §2110 — Statement of limitation

2499. §2111 — Other Federal programs

2500. §2111 — Section 1010 of the Agricultural Act of 1970, as added by the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973, referred to in subsec. (a)(7), was classified to section 1510 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–127, title III, § 336(d)(1) , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1006 .

2501. §2113 — Federal, State, and local coordination and cooperation

2502. § 2113a. Good neighbor authority

2503. §2114 — Administration

2504. §2201 — Emergency conservation program

2505. §2202 — Payments to agricultural producers for carrying out water conservation or water enhancing measures; criteria

2506. § 2202a. Cost-share requirement

2507. § 2202b. Payment limitation

2508. §2203 — Emergency watershed program

2509. §2204 — Funding and administration

2510. §2205 — Regulations for implementation of provisions

2511. §2206 — Emergency forest restoration program

2512. §2401 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

2513. §2402 — Definitions

2514. §2403 — Prohibited acts

2515. § 2403a. Environmental impact assessment

2516. §2404 — Permits

2517. §2404 — Section 1362(5) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(A), was redesignated section 1362(6) by Pub. L. 102–582, title IV, § 401(a) , Nov. 2, 1992 , 106 Stat. 4909 .

2518. §2405 — Regulations

2519. §2406 — Notification of travel to Antarctica

2520. §2407 — Civil penalties

2521. §2408 — Criminal offenses

2522. §2409 — Enforcement

2523. §2410 — Jurisdiction of district courts

2524. §2411 — Federal agency cooperation

2525. §2412 — Relationship to existing treaties

2526. §2413 — Saving provisions

2527. §2431 — Findings and purpose

2528. §2432 — Definitions

2529. §2433 — Representatives

2530. §2434 — Conservation measures; system of observation and inspection

2531. §2435 — Unlawful activities

2532. §2436 — Regulations

2533. §2437 — Civil penalties

2534. §2438 — Criminal offenses

2535. §2439 — Enforcement

2536. §2440 — Jurisdiction of courts

2537. §2441 — Federal agency cooperation

2538. §2442 — Relationship to existing treaties and statutes

2539. §2443 — Authorization of appropriations

2540. §2444 — Severability

2541. §2461 — Findings and purpose

2542. §2462 — Definitions

2543. §2463 — Prohibition of Antarctic mineral resource activities

2544. §2465 — Enforcement

2545. §2502 — Transferred

2546. §2601 — Findings The Congress finds that the protection of the public health, safety, and welfare, the preservation of national security, and the proper exercise of congressional authority under the Constitution to regulate interstate commerce require-

2547. §2602 — Definitions

2548. §2603 — Relationship to antitrust laws

2549. §2611 — Purposes

2550. §2612 — Coverage

2551. §2613 — Federal contracts

2552. §2621 — Consideration and determination respecting certain ratemaking standards

2553. §2621 — Section 79z–5a of title 15 , referred to in subsec. (d)(10)(A)(ii), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–58, title XII, § 1263 , Aug. 8, 2005 , 119 Stat. 974 .

2554. §2622 — Obligations to consider and determine

2555. §2623 — Adoption of certain standards

2556. §2624 — Lifeline rates

2557. §2624 — Section 2634 of this title shall not apply to the requirements of this section.

2558. §2625 — Special rules for standards

2559. §2626 — Reports respecting standards

2560. §2627 — Relationship to State law

2561. §2631 — Intervention in proceedings

2562. §2632 — Consumer representation

2563. §2633 — Judicial review and enforcement

2564. §2634 — Prior and pending proceedings

2565. §2641 — Voluntary guidelines

2566. §2642 — Responsibilities of Secretary

2567. §2643 — Gathering information on costs of service

2568. §2644 — Relationship to other authority

2569. §2645 — Utility regulatory institute

2570. §2701 — Establishment of program

2571. §2702 — Loans for feasibility studies

2572. §2703 — Loans for project costs

2573. §2704 — Loan rates and repayment

2574. §2705 — Simplified and expeditious licensing procedures

2575. §2706 — New impoundments

2576. §2707 — Authorizations

2577. §2708 — Definitions

2578. §2801 — Congressional findings, purpose, and policy

2579. §2802 — Definitions

2580. §2803 — National Aquaculture Development Plan

2581. §2804 — Functions and powers of Secretaries

2582. §2805 — Coordination of national activities regarding aquaculture

2583. §2806 — Contracts and grants

2584. §2807 — Capital requirements for aquaculture

2585. §2808 — Regulatory constraints on aquaculture

2586. §2809 — Authorizations for appropriations

2587. §2810 — Disclaimer

2588. §2901 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

2589. §2902 — Definitions

2590. §2902 — Section 1362(5) of this title , referred to in par. (6)(C), was redesignated section 1362(6), by Pub. L. 102–582, title IV, § 401(a) , Nov. 2, 1992 , 106 Stat. 4909 .

2591. §2903 — Conservation plans

2592. §2904 — Approval of conservation plans and certain nongame fish and wildlife conservation actions

2593. §2905 — Reimbursement of State costs for developing, revising, and implementing conservation plans and implementing certain nongame fish and wildlife conservation actions

2594. §2906 — Terms and conditions of reimbursement

2595. §2907 — Allocation of funds for administration and reimbursement of States

2596. §2908 — Other Federal assistance and actions

2597. §2909 — Disclaimers

2598. §2910 — Authorization of appropriations

2599. §2911 — Study on most equitable and effective mechanism for funding State conservation plans; report to Congressional committees

2600. §2912 — Federal conservation of migratory nongame birds

2601. §3101 — Congressional statement of purpose

2602. §3102 — Definitions

2603. §3103 — Maps

2604. §3111 — Congressional declaration of findings

2605. §3112 — Congressional statement of policy

2606. §3113 — Definitions

2607. §3114 — Preference for subsistence uses

2608. §3115 — Local and regional participation

2609. §3116 — Federal monitoring; reports to State and Congressional committees

2610. §3117 — Judicial enforcement

2611. §3118 — Park and park monument subsistence resource commissions

2612. §3119 — Cooperative agreements

2613. §3120 — Subsistence and land use decisions

2614. §3121 — Rural residents engaged in subsistence uses

2615. §3122 — Research

2616. §3123 — Periodic reports

2617. §3124 — Regulations

2618. §3125 — Limitations and savings clauses

2619. §3126 — Closure to subsistence uses

2620. §3141 — Overall study program

2621. §3142 — Arctic National Wildlife Refuge coastal plain resource assessment

2622. §3143 — Production of oil and gas from Arctic National Wildlife Refuge prohibited

2623. §3144 — Wilderness portion of study

2624. §3145 — Wildlife resources portion of study and impact of potential oil spills in Arctic Ocean

2625. §3146 — Transportation alternatives portion of study

2626. §3147 — Arctic research study

2627. §3148 — Oil and gas leasing program for non-North Slope Federal lands

2628. §3149 — Oil and gas lease applications

2629. §3150 — Alaska mineral resource assessment program

2630. §3161 — Congressional declaration of findings

2631. §3162 — Definitions

2632. §3163 — Effect on other laws

2633. §3164 — Procedural requirements

2634. §3165 — Standards for granting certain authorizations

2635. §3166 — Agency, Presidential, and Congressional actions

2636. §3167 — Rights-of-way terms and conditions

2637. §3168 — Injunctive relief

2638. §3169 — Valid existing right of access

2639. §3170 — Special access and access to inholdings

2640. §3171 — Temporary access

2641. §3172 — North Slope Haul Road

2642. §3173 — Stikine River region; Presidential study and report to Congress

2643. §3181 — Alaska Land Use Council

2644. §3181 — Section 5703 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (e)(3), was amended generally by Pub. L. 94–22, § 4 , May 19, 1975 , 89 Stat. 85 , and, as so amended, does not contain a subsec. (b).

2645. §3182 — Federal Coordination Committee

2646. §3183 — Bristol Bay Cooperative Region

2647. §3183 — Section 6 of the Alaska Statehood Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(4), is section 6 of Pub. L. 85–508 , July 7, 1958 , 72 Stat. 399 , which is set out as a note preceding section 21 of Title 48 , Territories and Insular Possessions.

2648. §3191 — Management plans

2649. §3192 — Land acquisition authority

2650. §3192 — Section 6(i) of the Alaska Statehood Act, referred to in subsec. (h)(1), is section 6(i) of Pub. L. 85–508 , July 7, 1958 , 72 Stat. 339 , which is set out as a note preceding section 21 of Title 48 , Territories and Insular Possessions.

2651. § 3192a. Restrictions on use of appropriated funds

2652. §3193 — Use of cabins and other sites of occupancy on conservation system units

2653. §3194 — Archeological and paleontological sites

2654. §3195 — Cooperative information and education centers

2655. §3196 — Administrative sites and visitor facilities

2656. §3197 — Revenue-producing visitor services

2657. §3197 — Section 12 of the Act of January 2, 1976 ( Public Law 94–204 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is section 12 of Pub. L. 94–204 , Jan. 2, 1976 , 89 Stat. 1150 , which is set out as a note under section 1611 of Title 43 , Public Lands.

2658. §3198 — Local hire

2659. §3199 — Navigation aids and other facilities

2660. §3200 — Denali Scenic Highway study

2661. §3201 — Administration of national preserves

2662. §3202 — Taking of fish and wildlife

2663. §3203 — Wilderness management

2664. §3204 — Allowed uses

2665. §3205 — General wilderness review

2666. §3206 — Statewide cultural assistance program

2667. §3207 — Effect on existing rights; water resources

2668. §3208 — Authorization of appropriations; contract authority

2669. §3209 — Effect on prior withdrawals

2670. §3210 — Access by owner to nonfederally owned land

2671. §3211 — Yukon Flats National Wildlife Refuge agricultural use

2672. §3212 — Terror Lake Hydroelectric Project in Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge

2673. §3213 — Future executive branch actions

2674. §3214 — Alaska gas pipeline

2675. §3215 — Public land entries in Alaska

2676. §3231 — Areas subject to national need recommendation process

2677. §3232 — Recommendations of President to Congress

2678. §3233 — Expedited Congressional review

2679. §3301 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

2680. §3301 — Sec. 2. Federal Implementation . (a) All executive departments and agencies (agencies) with applicable authorities and responsibilities, including the Department of the Interior, including the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Bureau of Land Management, the Bureau of Reclamation, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and the United States Geological Survey; the Department of Agriculture, including the United States Forest Service and the Natural Resources Conservation Service; the Department of Commerce, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; the Department of Energy, including the Bonneville Power Administration; the Department of the Army, including the United States Army Corps of Engineers; and the Environmental Protection Agency, are directed to utilize their authorities and available resources to advance the policy established in section 1 of this memorandum.

2681. §3301 — Sec. 3. Intergovernmental Partnership . The Chair of the Council on Environmental Quality (Chair) and the Director shall explore opportunities and mechanisms to develop an intergovernmental partnership, including through a memorandum of understanding, to advance the policy established in section 1 of this memorandum within the United States; the States of Oregon, Washington, Montana, and Idaho; the Tribal Nations of the Basin, including the Columbia Basin Treaty Tribes (the Nez Perce Tribe, the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Indian Nation, the Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon, and the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation); the Upper Columbia United Tribes (the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, the Coeur d’Alene Tribe of Indians, the Spokane Tribe of Indians, the Kalispel Tribe of Indians, and the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho); the Upper Snake River Tribes (the Burns Paiute Tribe, the Fort McDermitt Paiute-Shoshone Tribe, the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of the Fort Hall Reservation, and the Shoshone-Paiute Tribes of the Duck Valley Reservation); and other Tribal Nations, as appropriate. Within 120 days of the date of this memorandum, the Chair and the Director shall submit a report to the President with an update on progress in developing this intergovernmental partnership.

2682. §3301 — Sec. 4. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect the ability of heads of agencies to meet the requirements of sections 2 and 3 of this memorandum before the deadlines in those sections or to produce additional materials not specifically requested in this memorandum.

2683. §3301 — Sec. 5. Publication . The Chair is hereby authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

2684. §3301 — Section 1. Policy . It is a priority of my Administration to honor Federal trust and treaty responsibilities to Tribal Nations—including to those Tribal Nations harmed by the construction and operation of Federal dams that are part of the Columbia River System (CRS)—and to carry out the requirement of the Pacific Northwest Electric Power Planning and Conservation Act ( Public Law 96–501 ) [ 16 U.S.C. 839 et seq.] to operate, manage, and regulate the CRS to adequately protect, mitigate, and enhance fish and wildlife affected by the Federal dams in the Basin in a manner that provides equitable treatment for fish and wildlife with the other purposes for which the Federal dams are managed and operated.

2685. §3302 — Definitions

2686. §3311 — Salmon and Steelhead Advisory Commission

2687. §3312 — Eligibility for financial assistance under approved enhancement plans

2688. §3313 — Grants for reports and plans for coordinated research, enforcement, etc.

2689. §3314 — Discontinuance of funding

2690. §3315 — Authorization of appropriations

2691. §3321 — Grants for projects under approved enhancement plans

2692. §3322 — Enhancement project proposals

2693. §3323 — Approval and funding of projects

2694. §3324 — Monitoring and evaluation of enhancement projects

2695. §3325 — Authorization of appropriations

2696. §3331 — Fleet adjustment program

2697. §3332 — State program for reduction of overall fishing capacity

2698. §3333 — Program approval

2699. §3334 — Review of State program by Secretary

2700. §3335 — Authorization of appropriations

2701. §3336 — Special provision

2702. §3341 — Regulations

2703. §3342 — Annual status reports on programs; monitoring

2704. §3343 — Construction with fishery conservation and management provisions

2705. §3344 — Construction with other laws

2706. §3345 — Authorization of additional appropriations

2707. §3371 — Definitions

2708. §3372 — Prohibited acts

2709. §3373 — Penalties and sanctions

2710. §3374 — Forfeiture

2711. §3375 — Enforcement

2712. §3376 — Administration

2713. §3377 — Exceptions

2714. §3377 — Section 3 of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was subsequently amended, and pars. (13) and (14) of section 3 no longer define the terms “high seas” and “highly migratory species”. However, such terms are defined elsewhere in that section.

2715. §3378 — Miscellaneous provisions

2716. §3451 — Definitions

2717. §3452 — Resource conservation and development program

2718. §3453 — Selection of designated areas

2719. §3454 — Powers of the Secretary

2720. §3455 — Eligibility; terms and conditions

2721. §3456 — Resource Conservation and Development Policy Advisory Board

2722. §3458 — Limitation on assistance

2723. §3459 — Supplemental authority of the Secretary

2724. §3460 — Authorization of appropriations

2725. §3460 — Section 3460, Pub. L. 97–98, title XV, § 1537 , Dec. 22, 1981 , 95 Stat. 1340 , related to supplemental authority of Secretary.

2726. §3460 — Section 3461, Pub. L. 97–98, title XV, § 1538 , Dec. 22, 1981 , 95 Stat. 1341 ; Pub. L. 101–624, title XIV, § 1452(b) , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3611 ; Pub. L. 104–127, title III, § 383 , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1016 , authorized appropriations for each of the fiscal years 1996 through 2002.

2727. §3471 — Payments for land removed from production for conservation purposes; authorization of appropriations

2728. §3472 — Conservation tillage; Congressional findings, etc.

2729. §3473 — Regulations

2730. §3474 — Conservation incentives landowner education program

2731. §3501 — Congressional statement of findings and purpose

2732. §3502 — Definitions

2733. §3503 — Establishment of John H. Chafee Coastal Barrier Resources System

2734. §3503 — Section 201 of the Bolstering Ecosystems Against Coastal Harm Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is section 201 of Pub. L. 118–117 , which is listed in a table of Revision of Maps for Units of System set out below.

2735. §3503 — Section 4 of the Coastal Barrier Improvement Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(B), is section 4 of Pub. L. 101–591 , which is set out as a note below.

2736. §3503 — Section 6 of Pub. L. 101–591 directed Secretary of the Interior, not later than 6 months after Nov. 16, 1990 , to prepare and submit to Congress a study examining the need for protecting undeveloped coastal barriers along the Pacific coast of the United States south of 49 degrees north latitude through inclusion in the System; as soon as practicable after Nov. 16, 1990 , to prepare maps identifying the boundaries of those undeveloped coastal barriers (as that term is defined in 16 U.S.C. 3502(1) ) of the United States bordering the Pacific Ocean south of 49 degrees north latitude; and, not later than 12 months after Nov. 16, 1990 , to submit to Congress maps identifying the boundaries of those undeveloped coastal barriers of the United States bordering the Pacific Ocean south of 49 degrees north latitude which the Secretary and the appropriate Governor consider to be appropriate for inclusion in the System.

2737. §3504 — Limitations on Federal expenditures affecting the System

2738. §3505 — Exceptions to limitations on expenditures

2739. §3506 — Certification of compliance

2740. §3507 — Priority of laws

2741. §3508 — Separability

2742. §3510 — Authorization of appropriations

2743. §3601 — Definitions

2744. §3601 — Section 3 of the Act of 1976 ( 16 U.S.C. 1802 ), referred to in pars. (6) and (8), was subsequently amended, and section 3(10) and (19) no longer defines the terms “fishing” and “person”. However, such terms are defined elsewhere in that section.

2745. §3601 — Section 3602 of this title , referred to in par. (3), was in the original “ section 403 of this title ”, meaning section 403 of title III of Pub. L. 97–389 , and has been translated as section 3602 of this title , section 303 of title III of Pub. L. 97–389 , as the probable intent of Congress, because title III of Pub. L. 97–389 does not contain a section 403 and section 3602 of this title relates to appointment of a United States Commissioner.

2746. §3602 — United States representation on Council and Commissions

2747. §3603 — Receipt of Organization communications by Secretary of State

2748. §3604 — Regulations and reports

2749. §3605 — Cooperation with other agencies and institutions

2750. §3606 — Violations and penalties

2751. §3607 — Enforcement

2752. §3608 — Authorization of appropriations

2753. §3631 — Definitions

2754. §3632 — United States Section

2755. §3633 — Authority and responsibility

2756. §3634 — Interagency cooperation

2757. §3635 — Preemption

2758. §3636 — Rulemaking

2759. §3637 — Prohibited acts and penalties

2760. §3638 — General standard

2761. §3638 — Section 3632(g) of this title , referred to in text, was redesignated section 3632(h) of this title by Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(4) [div. B, title I, § 144(c)(5)(B)] , Dec. 21, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2763 , 2763A–239.

2762. §3639 — Advisory committee

2763. §3640 — Administrative matters

2764. §3641 — Authorization of appropriations

2765. §3642 — Disposition of property of International Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission

2766. §3643 — Savings provision

2767. §3644 — Restriction on spending authority

2768. §3645 — Northern and Southern Funds; treaty implementation; additional authorization of appropriations

2769. §3701 — Establishment and purposes of Foundation

2770. §3702 — Board of Directors of Foundation

2771. §3703 — Rights and obligations of Foundation

2772. §3704 — Administrative services and support

2773. §3705 — Volunteer status

2774. §3706 — Audits, report requirements, and petition of Attorney General for equitable relief

2775. §3707 — United States release from liability

2776. §3708 — Reservation of right to amend or repeal chapter

2777. §3709 — Authorization of appropriations

2778. §3710 — Limitation on authority

2779. §3741 — Findings

2780. §3742 — Purposes

2781. §3743 — Definitions

2782. §3744 — Wildlife partnership program

2783. §3771 — Findings and purpose

2784. §3772 — Definitions

2785. §3773 — Partners for Fish and Wildlife Program

2786. §3774 — Authorization of appropriations

2787. §3801 — Definitions

2788. §3801 — Section 2279(e)(2) of title 7 , referred to in subsec. (a)(23), was redesignated section 2279(a)(5) of title 7 by section 12301(b)(3), (5)(B) of Pub. L. 115–334 .

2789. §3811 — Program ineligibility

2790. §3812 — Exemptions

2791. §3812 — Section 2611(a) of the Agricultural Act of 2014, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(C)(i), is section 2611(a) of Pub. L. 113–79 , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 762 , which amended this section and sections 3811 and 3812a of this title.

2792. §3812 — Section 3811 of this title shall not apply to a loan described in section 3811 of this title made before December 23, 1985 .

2793. §3812 — Section 3811 of this title shall not apply to the noncommercial production of agricultural commodities on a farm if such production is limited to two acres or less and if the Secretary determines that such production is not intended to circumvent the conservation requirements otherwise applicable to lands under this subchapter.

2794. § 3812a. Development and implementation of conservation plans and conservation systems

2795. §3813 — Soil surveys

2796. §3814 — Notice and investigation of possible compliance deficiencies

2797. §3821 — Program ineligibility

2798. §3821 — Section 2611(b) of the Agricultural Act of 2014, referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(B), is section 2611(b) of Pub. L. 113–79 , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 763 , which amended this section.

2799. §3822 — Delineation of wetlands; exemptions

2800. §3822 — Section 3843 of this title , referred to in subsec. (g), was omitted and a new section 3843 was added in the general amendment of subchapter V of this chapter by Pub. L. 104–127, title III, § 341 , Apr. 4, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1008 . The new section 3843, which did not relate to appeal procedures, was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title II, § 2710(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 770 .

2801. §3823 — Affiliated persons

2802. §3824 — Fairness of compliance

2803. §3831 — Conservation reserve

2804. § 3831a. Conservation reserve enhancement program

2805. § 3831b. Farmable wetland program

2806. § 3831c. Pilot programs

2807. §3832 — Duties of owners and operators

2808. §3833 — Duties of the Secretary

2809. §3834 — Payments

2810. §3835 — Contracts

2811. §3835 — Section 2279(e) of title 7 , referred to in subsec. (f)(1), was redesignated section 2279(a) of title 7 by Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, § 12301(b)(3) , Dec. 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4951 .

2812. § 3839aa. Purposes

2813. § 3839bb. Conservation of private grazing land

2814. §3841 — Commodity Credit Corporation

2815. §3841 — Part IV of subchapter IV, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), was in the original “chapter 4” or “that chapter”, and was translated as meaning “chapter 4 of subtitle D”, meaning chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of Pub. L. 99–198 , which is classified generally to part IV (§ 3839aa et seq.) of subchapter IV of this chapter, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2816. §3841 — Section 2279(e) of title 7 , referred to in subsec. (h)(4), was redesignated section 2279(a) of Title 7 , Agriculture, by Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, § 12301(b)(3) , Dec. 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4951 .

2817. §3841 — Section 2611 of the Agricultural Act of 2014, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 2611 of Pub. L. 113–79 , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 762 , which amended sections 3811, 3812, 3812a, and 3821 of this title.

2818. §3841 — Section 2701 of Pub. L. 107–171 , which directed that subtitle E of the Food Security Act of 1985 be amended by striking section 1241 and adding a new section 1241 (this section), was executed by striking section 1241 of subtitle E of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 and adding the new section 1241 in lieu thereof, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2819. §3842 — Delivery of technical assistance

2820. §3842 — Section 2701 of Pub. L. 107–171 , which directed that subtitle E of the Food Security Act of 1985 be amended by striking section 1242 and adding a new section 1242 (this section), was executed by striking section 1242 of subtitle E of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 and adding the new section 1242 in lieu thereof, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2821. §3844 — Administrative requirements for conservation programs

2822. §3844 — Section 2279(e) of title 7 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(E), was redesignated section 2279(a) of title 7 by Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, § 12301(b)(3) , Dec. 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4951 .

2823. §3845 — Environmental services markets

2824. §3846 — Regulations

2825. §3847 — Data on conservation practices

2826. §3851 — Experienced services program

2827. § 3851a. Forest Service participation in ACES Program

2828. §3861 — Establishment of State technical committees

2829. §3862 — Responsibilities

2830. §3865 — Establishment and purposes

2831. § 3865a. Definitions

2832. § 3865b. Agricultural land easements

2833. § 3865c. Wetland reserve easements

2834. § 3865d. Administration

2835. §3871 — Establishment and purposes

2836. § 3871a. Definitions

2837. § 3871b. Regional conservation partnerships

2838. § 3871c. Assistance to producers

2839. § 3871d. Funding

2840. § 3871e. Administration

2841. § 3871f. Critical conservation areas

2842. §3901 — Findings and statement of purpose

2843. §3902 — Definitions

2844. §3902 — Section 3911 of this title , referred to in par. (2), was repealed by Pub. L. 108–447, div. J, title VIII, § 813(c) , Dec. 8, 2004 , 118 Stat. 3390 .

2845. §3912 — Transfers to Migratory Bird Conservation Fund

2846. §3921 — National wetlands priority conservation plan

2847. §3922 — Federal acquisition

2848. §3923 — Restriction on use of eminent domain in acquisitions

2849. §3931 — National wetlands inventory project

2850. §3932 — Reports to Congress

2851. §3951 — Definitions

2852. §3952 — Priority Louisiana coastal wetlands restoration projects

2853. §3953 — Louisiana coastal wetlands conservation planning

2854. §3954 — National coastal wetlands conservation grants

2855. §3955 — Distribution of appropriations

2856. §3956 — General provisions

2857. §3957 — Environmental banks

2858. §3957 — Section 404 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(4), is section 404 of act June 30, 1948, ch. 758 , which is classified to section 1344 of Title 33 , Navigation and Navigable Waters. Section 1342 of Title 33 is section 402 of the Act.

2859. §4001 — Congressional findings

2860. §4002 — Congressional statement of purpose

2861. §4003 — Definitions

2862. §4004 — Establishment of National Council

2863. §4005 — Functions and duties of National Council

2864. §4006 — Duties of Secretary with regard to National Council

2865. §4007 — Voluntary payments

2866. §4008 — Establishment of Fisheries Promotional Fund

2867. §4009 — Establishment of seafood marketing councils

2868. §4010 — Functions and powers of councils

2869. §4011 — Functions and powers of Secretary

2870. §4012 — Assessments

2871. §4013 — Petitions

2872. §4014 — Refunds

2873. §4015 — Termination of a council

2874. §4016 — Enforcement

2875. §4017 — Investigations

2876. §4101 — Congressional statement of purposes

2877. §4102 — Definitions

2878. §4103 — Apportionment

2879. §4103 — Section 4107 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a) and (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 117–328, div. S, title II, § 204(a) , Dec. 29, 2022 , 136 Stat. 5270 .

2880. §4104 — Section 4107 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 117–328, div. S, title II, § 204(a) , Dec. 29, 2022 , 136 Stat. 5270 .

2881. §4104 — State projects

2882. §4105 — Property

2883. §4106 — Reports to Congress

2884. §4201 — Statement of purpose

2885. §4202 — Findings

2886. §4203 — Statement of policy

2887. §4211 — Provision of assistance

2888. §4212 — Acceptance and use of donations

2889. §4214 — Advisory group

2890. §4214 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the advisory group.

2891. §4221 — Review of African elephant conservation programs

2892. §4222 — Moratoria

2893. §4223 — Prohibited acts

2894. §4224 — Penalties and enforcement

2895. §4225 — Rewards

2896. §4241 — Relationship to Endangered Species Act of 1973

2897. §4242 — Certification under Pelly amendment

2898. §4244 — Definitions

2899. §4245 — Authorization of appropriations

2900. §4246 — Multinational Species Conservation Fund

2901. §4261 — Findings

2902. §4262 — Purposes

2903. §4263 — Definitions

2904. §4264 — Asian elephant conservation assistance

2905. §4265 — Acceptance and use of donations

2906. § 4265a. Advisory group

2907. Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the advisory group.

2908. §4266 — Authorization of appropriations

2909. §4301 — Findings, purposes, and policy

2910. §4302 — Definitions

2911. §4303 — Management actions

2912. §4304 — Confidentiality of information concerning nature and location of significant caves

2913. §4305 — Collection and removal from Federal caves

2914. §4306 — Prohibited acts and criminal penalties

2915. §4307 — Civil penalties

2916. §4308 — Miscellaneous provisions

2917. §4309 — Savings provision

2918. §4310 — Establishment of Cave Research Program

2919. §4401 — Findings and statement of purpose

2920. §4402 — Definitions

2921. §4403 — Establishment of North American Wetlands Conservation Council

2922. §4404 — Approval of wetlands conservation projects

2923. §4405 — Conditions relating to wetlands conservation projects

2924. §4406 — Amounts available to carry out this chapter

2925. §4407 — Allocation of amounts available to carry out this chapter

2926. §4408 — Restoration, management, and protection of wetlands and habitat for migratory birds on Federal lands

2927. §4409 — Report to Congress

2928. §4409 — Section 4413 of this title , referred to in par. (1)(C), was in the original a reference to section 16 of Pub. L. 101–233 which enacted section 4413 of this title and amended section 2912 of this title .

2929. §4410 — Revisions to Plan

2930. §4411 — Relationship to other authorities

2931. §4412 — Limitation on assessments against Migratory Bird Conservation Fund

2932. §4413 — Other agreements

2933. §4414 — Assessment of progress in wetlands conservation

2934. §4501 — Forestry and related natural resource assistance

2935. §4502 — Tropical deforestation assessment and assistance

2936. § 4502a. Tropical forestry research and assistance

2937. §4503 — Institute of Tropical Forestry in Puerto Rico

2938. § 4503a. Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry

2939. Section 5(b) of the Hawaii Tropical Forest Recovery Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), probably means section 4(b) of that Act, Pub. L. 102–574 , which contains provisions regarding an action plan, and which is set out as a note below. Section 5 of that Act, which is set out as a note under section 4502a of this title , does not contain a subsec. (b).

2940. § 4503b. Hawaii Experimental Tropical Forest

2941. § 4503d. Definitions

2942. §4504 — Administrative provisions

2943. §4505 — Authorization of appropriations

2944. §4601 — Establishment of Take Pride in America Program

2945. §4602 — Gifts and bequests

2946. §4603 — Administrative services

2947. §4604 — Volunteers

2948. §4605 — Authority to execute contracts

2949. §4606 — Distribution of appropriate items

2950. §4607 — Slogan and logo

2951. §4608 — Authorization of appropriations

2952. §4701 — Findings and purposes

2953. §4702 — Definitions

2954. §4712 — National ballast water management information

2955. §4712 — Section 4711 of this title (as in effect on the day before December 4, 2018 ), referred to in subsecs. (c)(1) and (f)(1)(B), means section 4711 of this title as in effect prior to repeal by Pub. L. 115–282, title IX, § 903(a)(2)(A)(i) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4354 .

2956. §4713 — Armed services ballast water programs

2957. §4714 — Ballast water management demonstration program

2958. §4721 — Establishment of Task Force

2959. §4722 — Aquatic nuisance species program

2960. §4723 — Regional coordination

2961. §4724 — Section 141 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (c), was redesignated section 701 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 106(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4203 , and references to section 141 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

2962. §4724 — State aquatic nuisance species management plans

2963. §4725 — Relationship to other laws

2964. §4726 — International cooperation

2965. §4727 — Intentional introductions policy review

2966. §4728 — Brown tree snake control program

2967. §4729 — Coastal Aquatic Invasive Species Mitigation Grant Program and Mitigation Fund

2968. §4730 — Great Lakes and Lake Champlain Invasive Species Program

2969. §4741 — Authorization of appropriations

2970. §4741 — Section 4711 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), (3), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–282, title IX, § 903(a)(2)(A)(i) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4354 .

2971. §4751 — Environmental impact analyses

2972. §4901 — Findings

2973. §4902 — Statement of purpose

2974. §4903 — Definitions

2975. §4904 — Moratoria on imports of exotic birds covered by Convention

2976. §4905 — List of approved species

2977. §4906 — Qualifying facilities

2978. §4907 — Moratoria for species not covered by Convention

2979. §4908 — Call for information

2980. §4909 — Petitions

2981. §4910 — Prohibited acts

2982. §4911 — Exemptions

2983. §4912 — Penalties and regulations

2984. §4913 — Exotic bird conservation assistance

2985. §4914 — Marking and recordkeeping

2986. §4915 — Authorization of appropriations

2987. §4916 — Relationship to State law

2988. §5001 — Purpose

2989. §5001 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–567 and Pub. L. 102–587 enacted identical sections. Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–587 was repealed by Pub. L. 106–562 .

2990. §5002 — Definitions

2991. §5002 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–567 and Pub. L. 102–587 enacted substantially identical sections. Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–587 was repealed by Pub. L. 106–562 .

2992. §5003 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–567 and Pub. L. 102–587 enacted identical sections. Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–587 was repealed by Pub. L. 106–562 .

2993. §5003 — United States Commissioners

2994. §5004 — Advisory Panel

2995. §5004 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–567 and Pub. L. 102–587 enacted identical sections. Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–587 was repealed by Pub. L. 106–562 .

2996. §5005 — Commission recommendations

2997. §5005 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–567 and Pub. L. 102–587 enacted identical sections. Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–587 was repealed by Pub. L. 106–562 .

2998. §5006 — Administration and enforcement of Convention

2999. §5006 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–567 and Pub. L. 102–587 enacted identical sections. Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–587 was repealed by Pub. L. 106–562 .

3000. §5007 — Cooperation with other agencies

3001. §5007 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–567 and Pub. L. 102–587 enacted identical sections. Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–587 was repealed by Pub. L. 106–562 .

3002. §5008 — Enforcement provisions

3003. §5008 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–567 and Pub. L. 102–587 enacted substantially identical sections. Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–587 was repealed by Pub. L. 106–562 .

3004. §5009 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–567 and Pub. L. 102–587 enacted substantially identical sections. Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–587 was repealed by Pub. L. 106–562 .

3005. §5009 — Unlawful activities

3006. §5010 — Additional prohibitions and enforcement

3007. §5010 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–567 and Pub. L. 102–587 enacted substantially identical sections. Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–587 was repealed by Pub. L. 106–562 .

3008. §5011 — Funding requirements

3009. §5011 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–567 and Pub. L. 102–587 enacted substantially identical sections. Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–587 was repealed by Pub. L. 106–562 .

3010. §5012 — Disposition of property

3011. §5012 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–567 and Pub. L. 102–587 enacted identical sections. Title VIII of Pub. L. 102–587 was repealed by Pub. L. 106–562 .

3012. §5101 — Findings and purpose

3013. §5102 — Definitions

3014. §5103 — State-Federal cooperation in Atlantic coastal fishery management

3015. §5104 — State implementation of coastal fishery management plans

3016. §5105 — State noncompliance with coastal fishery management plans

3017. §5106 — Secretarial action

3018. §5107 — Financial assistance

3019. § 5107a. State permits valid in certain waters

3020. § 5107b. Transition to management of American lobster fishery by Commission

3021. §5108 — Authorization of appropriations

3022. §5151 — Findings and purposes

3023. §5151 — Section 1. Policy . It shall be the policy of the United States to conserve striped bass and red drum for the recreational, economic, and environmental benefit of the present and future generations of Americans, based on sound science and in cooperation with State, territorial, local, and tribal governments, the private sector, and others, as appropriate.

3024. §5152 — Definitions

3025. §5152 — Section 3(6) of the Magnuson Act, referred to in par. (6), was redesignated section 3(11) of that Act, by Pub. L. 104–297, title I, § 102(1) , (3), Oct. 11, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3561 .

3026. §5153 — Monitoring of implementation and enforcement by coastal States

3027. §5154 — Moratorium

3028. §5155 — Continuing studies of striped bass populations

3029. §5156 — Authorization of appropriations; cooperative agreements

3030. §5157 — Public participation in preparation of management plans and amendments

3031. §5158 — Protection of striped bass in the exclusive economic zone

3032. §5201 — Obstruction of a lawful hunt

3033. §5202 — Civil penalties

3034. §5203 — Other relief

3035. §5204 — Relationship to State and local law and civil actions

3036. §5205 — Regulations

3037. §5206 — Rule of construction

3038. §5207 — Definitions

3039. §5301 — Findings

3040. §5302 — Purposes

3041. §5303 — Definitions

3042. §5304 — Rhinoceros and tiger conservation assistance

3043. §5305 — Acceptance and use of donations

3044. § 5305a. Prohibition on sale, importation, or exportation of products labeled or advertised as rhinoceros or tiger products

3045. § 5305b. Educational outreach program

3046. § 5305c. Advisory group

3047. Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the advisory group.

3048. §5306 — Authorization of appropriations

3049. §5501 — Purpose

3050. §5502 — Definitions

3051. §5503 — Permitting

3052. §5504 — Responsibilities of Secretary

3053. §5505 — Unlawful activities

3054. §5506 — Enforcement provisions

3055. §5507 — Civil penalties and permit sanctions

3056. §5508 — Criminal offenses

3057. §5509 — Forfeitures

3058. §5601 — Representation of United States under Convention

3059. §5602 — Requests for scientific advice

3060. §5603 — Authorities of Secretary of State with respect to Convention

3061. §5604 — Interagency cooperation

3062. §5605 — Rulemaking

3063. §5606 — Prohibited acts and enforcement

3064. §5607 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the consultative committee established under this section.

3065. §5607 — Consultative committee

3066. §5608 — Administrative matters

3067. §5609 — Definitions

3068. §5610 — Authorization of appropriations

3069. §5701 — Purposes

3070. §5702 — Definitions

3071. §5703 — Panel

3072. §5704 — Advisory Committee

3073. §5705 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the Panel, the Yukon River Joint Technical Committee, or the Advisory Committee created under section 5704 of this title .

3074. §5705 — Exemption

3075. §5706 — Authority and responsibility

3076. §5707 — Continuation of Agreement

3077. §5708 — Administrative matters

3078. §5709 — Authorization of appropriations

3079. §5721 — Yukon River Salmon Panel

3080. §5722 — Advisory committee

3081. §5723 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the Panel or to an advisory committee established under section 5722 of this title .

3082. §5723 — Exemption

3083. §5724 — Authority and responsibility

3084. §5725 — Administrative matters

3085. §5726 — Yukon River salmon stock restoration and enhancement projects

3086. §5727 — Authorization of appropriations

3087. §6101 — Findings

3088. §6102 — Purposes

3089. §6103 — Definitions

3090. §6104 — Financial assistance

3091. §6105 — Duties of the Secretary

3092. §6106 — Cooperation

3093. §6107 — Report to Congress

3094. §6108 — Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Fund

3095. §6109 — Authorization of appropriations

3096. §6214 — Cabin user and transfer fees

3097. §6231 — Findings, purpose, and definitions

3098. §6232 — Fees for occupancy and use of National Forest System lands and facilities by organizational camps

3099. §6233 — Implementation

3100. §6234 — Relationship to other laws

3101. §6235 — Deposit and expenditure of use fees

3102. §6236 — Ministerial issuance, or amendment authorization

3103. §6301 — Findings and purposes

3104. §6302 — Definitions

3105. §6302 — Title I of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999, referred to in par. (5), is Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(e) [title I] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–231 , 2681–232. Provisions under the heading “ multinational species conservation fund ” in Pub. L. 105–277, § 101(e) [title I] appear at 112 Stat. 2681–237 , and are classified in part to section 4246 of this title .

3106. §6303 — Great ape conservation assistance

3107. §6304 — Great Ape Conservation Fund

3108. §6305 — Authorization of appropriations

3109. §6401 — Purposes

3110. §6401 — Section 1. Definitions . (a) “U.S. coral reef ecosystems” means those species, habitats, and other natural resources associated with coral reefs in all maritime areas and zones subject to the jurisdiction or control of the United States (e.g., Federal, State, territorial, or commonwealth waters), including reef systems in the south Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and Pacific Ocean. (b) “U.S. Coral Reef Initiative” is an existing partnership between Federal agencies and State, territorial, commonwealth, and local governments, nongovernmental organizations, and commercial interests to design and implement additional management, education, monitoring, research, and restoration efforts to conserve coral reef ecosystems for the use and enjoyment of future generations. The existing U.S. Islands Coral Reef Initiative strategy covers approximately 95 percent of U.S. coral reef ecosystems and is a key element of the overall U.S. Coral Reef Initiative. (c) “International Coral Reef Initiative” is an existing partnership, founded by the United States in 1994, of governments, intergovernmental organizations, multilateral development banks, nongovernmental organizations, scientists, and the private sector whose purpose is to mobilize governments and other interested parties whose coordinated, vigorous, and effective actions are required to address the threats to the world’s coral reefs.

3111. §6401 — Section 1. Preamble . The world’s coral reefs—the rain forests of the sea—are in serious decline. These important and sensitive areas of biodiversity warrant special protection. While United States waters contain approximately 3 percent of the world’s coral reefs, approximately 70 percent of U.S. coral reefs are in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. The 3.5 million acres of coral reefs around the remote, mostly uninhabited Northwestern Hawaiian Islands are spectacular and almost undisturbed by humans. The approximately 1,200 mile stretch of coral islands, seamounts, banks, and shoals are unquestionably some of the healthiest and most extensive coral reefs in the United States. In their own right, the spectacular coral reefs and lands provide an amazing geological record of volcanic and erosive powers that have shaped this area. This vast area supports a dynamic reef ecosystem that supports more than 7,000 marine species, of which approximately half are unique to the Hawaiian Island chain. This incredibly diverse ecosystem is home to many species of coral, fish, birds, marine mammals, and other flora and fauna including the endangered Hawaiian monk seal, the threatened green sea turtle, and the endangered leatherback and hawksbill sea turtles. In addition, this area has great cultural significance to Native Hawaiians as well as linkages to early Polynesian culture—making it additionally worthy of protection and understanding. This is truly a unique and special place, a coral reef ecosystem like no place on earth, and a source of pride, inspiration, and satisfaction for all Americans, especially the people of Hawaii. It is fully worthy of our best efforts to preserve a legacy of America’s natural wonders for future generations. Due to the special significance of this area, I have determined that it is in the best interest of our Nation, and of future generations, to provide strong and lasting protection for the coral reef ecosystem of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.

3112. §6402 — Federal coral reef management and restoration activities

3113. §6403 — National coral reef resilience strategy

3114. §6403 — Section 6412 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (b)(2)(C) and (c)(3), probably should be a reference to section 6411 of this title which relates to reef research coordination institutes and coral reef research centers. Subsec. (b)(1)(B) of section 6412 of this title probably should be a reference to section 6411(a)(1) of this title which requires the designation of reef research coordination institutes. Section 6412(b) does not contain a par. (1)(B).

3115. §6404 — Coral reef action plans

3116. §6405 — Coral reef stewardship partnerships

3117. §6406 — Block grants

3118. §6407 — Coral Reef Stewardship Fund

3119. §6408 — Emergency assistance

3120. §6409 — Coral Reef Disaster Fund

3121. §6410 — Ruth D. Gates Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program

3122. §6411 — Coral reef research

3123. §6412 — Coral reef prize competitions

3124. §6413 — Reports on administration

3125. §6414 — Authorization of appropriations

3126. §6415 — Definitions

3127. §6451 — Establishment

3128. §6452 — Duties

3129. §6452 — Section 6404 of this title , referred to in par. (4)(B), was in the original “section 205 of that Act” and was translated as meaning section 205 of title II of Pub. L. 106–562 , known as the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

3130. §6453 — Membership

3131. §6454 — Responsibilities of Federal agency members

3132. §6455 — Working groups

3133. §6456 — Definitions

3134. §6471 — Coral reef conservation and restoration assistance

3135. §6481 — Susan L. Williams National Coral Reef Management Fellowship

3136. §6501 — Purposes

3137. §6501 — Sec. 2. Restoring and Conserving the Nation’s Forests, Including Mature and Old-Growth Forests . My Administration will manage forests on Federal lands, which include many mature and old-growth forests, to promote their continued health and resilience; retain and enhance carbon storage; conserve biodiversity; mitigate the risk of wildfires; enhance climate resilience; enable subsistence and cultural uses; provide outdoor recreational opportunities; and promote sustainable local economic development. Science-based reforestation is one of the greatest opportunities both globally and in the United States for the land sector to contribute to climate and biodiversity goals. To further conserve mature and old-growth forests and foster long-term United States forest health through climate-smart reforestation for the benefit of Americans today and for generations to come, the following actions shall be taken, in consultation with State, local, Tribal, and territorial governments and the public, and to the extent consistent with applicable law:

3138. §6501 — Sec. 3. Stopping International Deforestation . As described in the Plan to Conserve Global Forests: Critical Carbon Sinks , my Administration has committed to deliver, by 2030, on collective global goals to end natural forest loss and to restore at least an additional 200 million hectares of forests and other ecosystems, while showcasing new economic models that reflect the services provided by critical ecosystems around the world. The plan recognizes that conserving and restoring global forest and peatland ecosystems, particularly in the Amazon, Congo Basin, and Southeast Asia, can provide significant global greenhouse gas emissions mitigation, both by preventing the emissions caused by deforestation and by increasing the amount of carbon dioxide captured from the atmosphere and stored in soils and forest biomass. My Administration is also committed to combating illegal logging and stopping trade in illegally sourced wood products pursuant to the Lacey Act, as amended, [see] 16 U.S.C. 3371 et seq ., and to addressing the related importation of commodities sourced from recently deforested land. To further advance these commitments, conserve these critical ecosystems, and address drivers of global deforestation—including illegal forest clearing to produce agricultural commodities—the following actions shall be taken:

3139. §6501 — Sec. 4. Deploying Nature-Based Solutions to Tackle Climate Change and Enhance Resilience . Just as forest conservation, restoration, and adaptation generate broad benefits related to climate change and other areas, other nature-based solutions can advance multiple benefits. These solutions include actions that protect coasts and critical marine ecosystems, reduce flooding, moderate extreme heat, replenish groundwater sources, capture and store carbon dioxide, conserve biodiversity, and improve the productivity of agricultural and forest lands to produce food and fiber. To ensure that agencies pursue nature-based solutions, to the extent consistent with applicable law and supported by science, the following actions shall be taken:

3140. §6501 — Sec. 5. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

3141. §6501 — Section 1. Policy . Strengthening America’s forests, which are home to cherished expanses of mature and old-growth forests on Federal lands, is critical to the health, prosperity, and resilience of our communities—particularly in light of the threat of catastrophic wildfires. Forests provide clean air and water, sustain the plant and animal life fundamental to combating the global climate and biodiversity crises, and hold special importance to Tribal Nations. We go to these special places to hike, camp, hunt, fish, and engage in recreation that revitalizes our souls and connects us to history and nature. Many local economies thrive because of these outdoor and forest management activities, including in the sustainable forest product sector.

3142. §6502 — Definitions

3143. §6511 — Definitions

3144. §6512 — Authorized hazardous fuel reduction projects

3145. §6513 — Prioritization

3146. §6514 — Environmental analysis

3147. §6515 — Special administrative review process

3148. §6516 — Judicial review in United States district courts

3149. §6517 — Effect of subchapter

3150. §6518 — Authorization of appropriations

3151. §6542 — Water Source Protection Program

3152. §6543 — Watershed Condition Framework

3153. §6551 — Findings and purpose

3154. §6552 — Definitions

3155. §6553 — Accelerated information gathering regarding forest-damaging insects

3156. §6554 — Applied silvicultural assessments

3157. §6555 — Relation to other laws

3158. §6556 — Termination of effectiveness

3159. §6571 — Establishment of healthy forests reserve program

3160. §6572 — Eligibility and enrollment of lands in program

3161. §6573 — Restoration plans

3162. §6574 — Financial assistance

3163. §6575 — Technical assistance

3164. §6576 — Protections and measures

3165. §6577 — Involvement by other agencies and organizations

3166. §6578 — Funding

3167. §6591 — Forest stands inventory and monitoring program to improve detection of and response to environmental threats

3168. § 6591a. Designation of treatment areas

3169. § 6591b. Administrative review

3170. Section 490 of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(1), was in the original “the Act of August 11, 1916 ( 16 U.S.C. 490 )”, and was translated as referring to the undesignated provisions appearing in act Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313 , 39 Stat. 462 , which are classified to section 490 of this title .

3171. Section 498 of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(2), was in the original “the Act of June 30, 1914 ( 16 U.S.C. 498 )”, and was translated as referring to the undesignated provisions appearing in act June 30, 1914, ch. 131 , 38 Stat. 430 , which are classified to section 498 of this title .

3172. § 6591c. Stewardship end result contracting projects

3173. Section 6511(2) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 ( 16 U.S.C. 6511(2) )” and was translated as referring to section 101(2) of that Act, which is classified to section 6511(2) of this title and defines “authorized hazardous fuel reduction project”.

3174. § 6591d. Wildfire resilience projects

3175. § 6591e. Categorical exclusion for greater sage-grouse and mule deer habitat

3176. §6592 — Section 456(e) of H.R. 8998, from the 118th Congress, as passed by the House of Representatives on July 24, 2024 , which was enacted into law by Pub. L. 119–4, div. A, title VIII, § 1807 , Mar. 15, 2025 , 139 Stat. 30 , provided that: “Notwithstanding section 40803(d)(4)(B) of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act ( 16 U.S.C. 6592(d)(4)(B) ) and authority provided under the headings ‘Wildland Fire Management–Forest Service’ [H.R. 8998 page 121] and ‘Wildland Fire Management–Department of the Interior’ [H.R. 8998 page 47] in fiscal years 2024 and 2025, the salary increase in such section and under such headings shall not apply to the positions described in such section 40803(d)(4)(B) [ 16 U.S.C. 6592(d)(4)(B) ] for service performed on or after the effective date described in subsection (d) of this section [see Effective Date note set out under section 5332a of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees].”

3177. §6592 — Wildfire risk reduction

3178. § 6592a. Ecosystem restoration

3179. § 6592b. Establishment of fuel breaks in forests and other wildland vegetation

3180. § 6592c. Emergency actions

3181. § 6592d. Joint Chiefs Landscape Restoration Partnership program

3182. §6601 — Findings and purposes

3183. §6602 — Definitions

3184. §6602 — Title I of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999, referred to in par. (7), is Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(e) [title I] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–231 , 2681–232. Provisions under the heading “ multinational species conservation fund ” in Pub. L. 105–277, § 101(e) [title I] appear at 112 Stat. 2681–237 and are classified in part to section 4246 of this title .

3185. §6603 — Conservation assistance

3186. §6604 — Marine Turtle Conservation Fund

3187. §6605 — Advisory group

3188. §6605 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the advisory group.

3189. §6606 — Authorization of appropriations

3190. §6607 — Report to Congress

3191. §6701 — Findings

3192. §6702 — Purposes

3193. §6703 — Definitions

3194. §6704 — Establishment of Institutes

3195. §6705 — Cooperation between Institutes and Federal agencies

3196. §6706 — Monitoring and evaluation

3197. §6707 — Authorization of appropriations

3198. §6801 — Definitions

3199. §6802 — Recreation fee authority

3200. §6802 — Section 101 of title 23 , referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(G), was subsequently amended, and section 101 no longer defines “Federal-aid System”.

3201. §6803 — Public participation

3202. §6804 — Recreation passes

3203. §6804 — Section 6805 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(6)(B), was in the original a reference to section 6, and was translated as meaning section 806 of title VIII of div. J of Pub. L. 108–447 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

3204. § 6804a. Availability of Federal, State, and local recreation passes

3205. §6805 — Cooperative agreements

3206. §6806 — Section 6804 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (d) and (e), was in the original a reference to section 5, and was translated as meaning section 805 of title VIII of div. J of Pub. L. 108–447 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

3207. §6806 — Special account and distribution of fees and revenues

3208. §6807 — Expenditures

3209. §6808 — Reports

3210. §6809 — Sunset provision

3211. §6810 — Section 6804 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (b) to (d), was in the original a reference to section 5, and was translated as meaning section 805 of title VIII of div. J of Pub. L. 108–447 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

3212. §6810 — Volunteers

3213. §6811 — Enforcement and protection of receipts

3214. §6812 — Repeal of superseded admission and use fee authorities

3215. §6812 — Section 315 1 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1996 (as contained in section 101(c) of Public Law 104–134 ), is repealed.

3216. §6812 — Section 315 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1996, referred to in subsecs. (b) and (e)(3), is Pub. L. 104–134, title I, § 101(c) [title III, § 315] , Apr. 26, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1321–156 , 1321–200, which was set out as a note under former section 460 l –6a of this title, prior to repeal by subsec. (b) of this section.

3217. §6812 — Section 3911 of this title is repealed.

3218. §6812 — Section 4 of the Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of 1965, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (e)(1), was section 4 of Pub. L. 88–578 , title I, as added by Pub. L. 92–347, § 2 , July 11, 1972 , 86 Stat. 459 , which was classified to former section 460 l –6a of this title. Subsecs. (a) to (g) and (i) (except par. (1)(C)) of section 4 were repealed by subsec. (a) of this section. Subsec. (h) of section 4 was previously repealed by Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1081(f) , Dec. 21, 1995 , 109 Stat. 721 . Subsecs. (i)(1)(C) and (j) to (n) of section 4 were repealed and restated as section 100904 of Title 54 , National Park Service and Related Programs, by Pub. L. 113–287 , §§ 3, 7, Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3094 , 3272.

3219. §6813 — Relation to other laws and fee collection authorities

3220. §6813 — Section 4(e) of the Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act of 1998, referred to in subsec. (b)(14), is section 4(e) of Pub. L. 105–263 , Oct. 19, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2345 , which is not classified to the Code.

3221. §6813 — Section 5(a) of the Lincoln County Land Act of 2000, referred to in subsec. (b)(15), is section 5(a) of Pub. L. 106–298 , Oct. 13, 2000 , 114 Stat. 1047 , which is not classified to the Code.

3222. §6813 — Section 6805 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original a reference to section 6, and was translated as meaning section 806 of title VIII of div. J of Pub. L. 108–447 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

3223. §6814 — Limitation on use of fees for employee bonuses

3224. §6851 — Definitions

3225. §6852 — Interagency data standardization

3226. §6853 — Digitization and publication of easements

3227. §6854 — Data consolidation and publication of route and area data for public recreational use

3228. §6855 — Cooperation and coordination

3229. §6856 — Reports

3230. §6857 — Authorization of appropriations

3231. §6901 — Definitions

3232. §6902 — Appointment of United States Commissioners

3233. §6903 — Authority and responsibility of the Secretary of State

3234. §6904 — Rulemaking authority of the Secretary of Commerce

3235. §6905 — Enforcement

3236. §6906 — Prohibited acts

3237. §6907 — Cooperation in carrying out convention

3238. §6908 — Territorial participation

3239. §6909 — Exclusive Economic Zone notification

3240. § 6909a. United States conservation, management, and enforcement objectives

3241. §6910 — Authorization of appropriations

3242. §7001 — Definitions

3243. §7002 — United States representation on joint management committee

3244. §7003 — United States representation on the scientific review group

3245. §7004 — United States representation on joint technical committee

3246. §7005 — United States representation on advisory panel

3247. §7006 — Responsibilities of the Secretary

3248. §7007 — Rulemaking

3249. §7008 — Administrative matters

3250. §7009 — Enforcement

3251. §7010 — Authorization of appropriations

3252. §7101 — Purposes

3253. §7102 — Definitions

3254. §7111 — Secure payments for States containing Federal land

3255. §7112 — Payments to States and counties

3256. §7113 — Transition payments to States

3257. §7121 — Definitions

3258. §7122 — General limitation on use of project funds

3259. §7123 — Submission of project proposals

3260. §7124 — Evaluation and approval of projects by Secretary concerned

3261. §7125 — Resource advisory committees

3262. §7126 — Use of project funds

3263. §7127 — Availability of project funds

3264. §7128 — Termination of authority

3265. §7141 — Definitions

3266. §7142 — Use

3267. §7143 — Certification

3268. § 7143a. Amounts obligated but unspent; prohibition on use of funds

3269. §7144 — Termination of authority

3270. §7151 — Regulations

3271. §7152 — Authorization of appropriations

3272. §7153 — Treatment of funds and revenues

3273. §7201 — Definitions

3274. §7202 — Establishment of the National Landscape Conservation System

3275. §7203 — Authorization of appropriations

3276. §7301 — Purpose

3277. §7302 — Definitions

3278. §7303 — Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Program

3279. §7303 — Section 7125 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B)(ii), was in the original “ section 205 of Public Law 106–393 ( 16 U.S.C. 500 note)” and was translated as referring to section 205 of Pub. L. 106–393 as added by Pub. L. 110–343, div. C, title VI, § 601(a) , Oct. 3, 2008 , 122 Stat. 3905 , which is classified to section 7125 of this title . A prior section 205 of Pub. L. 106–393 containing substantially similar provisions was set out in a note under section 500 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 110–343, div. C, title VI, § 601(a) , Oct. 3, 2008 , 122 Stat. 3893 .

3280. §7304 — Authorization of appropriations

3281. §7401 — Purpose

3282. §7402 — Definitions

3283. §7403 — Duties and authorities of the Secretary

3284. §7403 — Section 1433 of title 19 , referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original a reference to “ section 1433 of title 19 , United States Code” but probably should have been a reference to section 433 of the Tariff Act of 1930, act June 17, 1930, ch. 497 , which is classified to section 1433 of Title 19 , Customs Duties.

3285. §7404 — Authorization or denial of port entry

3286. §7405 — Inspections

3287. §7406 — Prohibited acts

3288. §7406 — Section 707(a) of the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Convention Implementation Act, referred to in par. (4), probably means section 507(a) of title V of Pub. L. 109–479 , which is classified to section 6906(a) of this title .

3289. §7407 — Enforcement

3290. §7408 — International cooperation and assistance

3291. §7409 — Relationship to other laws

3292. §7501 — Definitions

3293. §7502 — Purposes and agreements

3294. §7503 — National Oceans and Coastal Security Fund

3295. §7504 — Eligible uses

3296. §7505 — Grants

3297. §7505 — Section 7503 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original “section 904”, meaning section 904 of div. O of Pub. L. 114–113 , which is classified to section 7503 of this title , but probably should have been a reference to section 905 of div. O of Pub. L. 114–113 , which is classified to section 7504 of this title . See subsec. (c)(1) of this section.

3298. §7506 — Annual report

3299. §7507 — Funding

3300. §7601 — Definitions

3301. §7611 — Purposes

3302. §7612 — Statement of United States policy

3303. §7621 — Report

3304. §7631 — Presidential Task Force on Wildlife Trafficking

3305. §7641 — Anti-poaching programs

3306. §7642 — Anti-trafficking programs

3307. §7643 — Engagement of United States diplomatic missions

3308. §7644 — Community conservation

3309. §7701 — Definitions

3310. §7702 — United States participation in the North Pacific Fisheries Convention

3311. §7703 — Authority and responsibility of the Secretary of State

3312. §7704 — Authority of the Secretary of Commerce

3313. §7705 — Enforcement

3314. §7706 — Prohibited acts

3315. §7707 — Cooperation in carrying out Convention

3316. §7708 — Territorial participation

3317. §7709 — Exclusive economic zone notification

3318. §7710 — Authorization of appropriations

3319. §7801 — Definitions

3320. §7802 — Appointment or designation of United States Commissioners

3321. §7803 — Authority and responsibility of the Secretary of State

3322. §7804 — Responsibility of the Secretary and rulemaking authority

3323. §7805 — Enforcement

3324. §7806 — Prohibited acts.

3325. §7807 — Cooperation in carrying out the Convention

3326. §7808 — Territorial participation

3327. §7809 — Exclusive economic zone notification

3328. §7810 — Authorization of appropriations

3329. §7901 — Congressional declaration of national policy

3330. §7911 — Definitions

3331. §7912 — Federal land open to hunting, fishing, and recreational shooting

3332. §7913 — Closure of Federal land to hunting, fishing, and recreational shooting

3333. §7914 — Shooting ranges

3334. §7915 — Identifying opportunities for recreation, hunting, and fishing on Federal land

3335. §7931 — Respect for treaties and rights

3336. §7932 — No priority

3337. §7933 — State authority for fish and wildlife

3338. §8001 — Definitions

3339. §8002 — Purposes

3340. §8003 — Statement of policy

3341. §8011 — Coordination with international organizations

3342. §8012 — Engagement of diplomatic missions of the United States

3343. §8013 — Assistance by Federal agencies to improve law enforcement within priority regions and priority flag states

3344. §8014 — Expansion of existing mechanisms to combat IUU fishing

3345. §8015 — Improvement of transparency and traceability programs

3346. §8016 — Technology programs

3347. §8017 — Savings clause

3348. §8018 — Capacity building in foreign fisheries

3349. §8031 — Interagency Working Group on IUU fishing

3350. §8032 — Strategic plan

3351. §8033 — Reports

3352. §8034 — Gulf of Mexico IUU Fishing Subworking Group

3353. §8041 — Authorization of appropriations

3354. §8101 — Findings and purposes

3355. §8102 — Nutria eradication program

3356. §8201 — Purpose

3357. §8202 — Definitions

3358. §8203 — National Fish Habitat Board

3359. §8204 — Fish Habitat Partnerships

3360. §8205 — Fish habitat conservation projects

3361. §8206 — Technical and scientific assistance

3362. §8207 — Coordination with States and Indian Tribes

3363. §8208 — Interagency operational plan

3364. §8209 — Accountability and reporting

3365. §8210 — Effect of this chapter

3366. §8211 — Chapter 10 of title 5 (commonly known as the “Federal Advisory Committee Act”), shall not apply to—

3367. §8211 — Nonapplicability of Federal Advisory Committee Act

3368. §8212 — Funding

3369. §8213 — Prohibition against implementation of regulatory authority by Federal agencies through partnerships

3370. §8301 — Purpose

3371. §8302 — Definitions

3372. §8303 — Coastal Program

3373. §8304 — Reports

3374. §8305 — Authorization of appropriations

3375. §8401 — Definitions

3376. §8411 — Congressional declaration of policy

3377. §8412 — Identifying opportunities for recreation

3378. §8413 — Recreation budget crosscut

3379. §8421 — Biking on long-distance trails

3380. §8422 — Protecting America’s rock climbing

3381. §8423 — Range access

3382. §8424 — Restoration of overnight campsites

3383. §8425 — Motorized and nonmotorized access

3384. §8426 — Aquatic resource activities assistance

3385. §8441 — Gateway communities

3386. §8441 — Section 5(b)(1)(B), referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(D)(ii), probably means section 8442(b)(1)(B) of this title . Section 5(b)(1)(B) probably referred to section 5(b)(1)(B) of H.R. 3200 introduced in the House in the 118th Congress on May 10, 2023 . A later version of H.R. 3200 was enacted as subtitle C of title I of Pub. L. 118–234 , and, as enacted, does not contain a section 5. However, section 132(b)(1)(B) of Pub. L. 118–234 , which is classified to section 8442(b)(1)(B) of this title , contains provisions identical to those in section 5(b)(1)(B) of H.R. 3200.

3387. §8442 — Improved recreation visitation data

3388. §8443 — Monitoring for improved recreation decision making

3389. §8451 — Connect our parks

3390. §8452 — Broadband internet connectivity at developed recreation sites

3391. §8453 — Public lands telecommunications cooperative agreements

3392. §8461 — Partnership agreements to modernize federally owned campgrounds, resorts, cabins, and visitor centers on Federal recreational lands and waters

3393. §8462 — Parking and restroom opportunities for Federal recreational lands and waters

3394. §8463 — Pay-for-performance projects

3395. §8464 — Outdoor Recreation Legacy Partnership Program

3396. §8471 — Definitions

3397. §8481 — Accessible recreation inventory

3398. §8481 — Section 794 of title 29 , referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (c), was in the original a reference to section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, and was translated as meaning section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Pub. L. 93–112 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

3399. §8482 — Section 794 of title 29 , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), was in the original a reference to section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, and was translated as meaning section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Pub. L. 93–112 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

3400. §8482 — Trail inventory

3401. §8483 — Trail pilot program

3402. §8484 — Accessible trails

3403. §8484 — Section 794 of title 29 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B), (C), was in the original a reference to section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, and was translated as meaning section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Pub. L. 93–112 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

3404. §8484 — Section 794d of title 29 , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), was in the original a reference to section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act, and was translated as meaning section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Pub. L. 93–112 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

3405. §8485 — Accessible recreation opportunities

3406. §8485 — Section 794 of title 29 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B), (C), was in the original a reference to section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, and was translated as meaning section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Pub. L. 93–112 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

3407. §8485 — Section 794d of title 29 , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was in the original a reference to section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act, and was translated as meaning section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Pub. L. 93–112 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

3408. §8486 — Assistive technology

3409. §8487 — Savings clause

3410. §8487 — Section 794 of title 29 , referred to in text, was in the original a reference to section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, and was translated as meaning section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Pub. L. 93–112 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

3411. §8501 — Promotion of outdoor recreation for military servicemembers and veterans

3412. §8502 — Military Veterans Outdoor Recreation Liaisons

3413. §8502 — Section 203 of the Veterans Comprehensive Prevention, Access to Care, and Treatment Act of 2020, also known as the Veterans COMPACT Act of 2020, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 203 of Pub. L. 116–214 , Dec. 5, 2020 , 134 Stat. 1036 , which is not classified to the Code.

3414. §8503 — Partnerships to promote military and veteran recreation

3415. §8504 — National strategy for military and veteran recreation

3416. §8504 — Section 113, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 113 of Pub. L. 118–234 , Jan. 4, 2025 , 138 Stat. 2839 , which amended sections 200102 and 200104 of Title 54, National Park Service and Related Programs. As amended, section 200104 of Title 54 establishes the Federal Interagency Council on Outdoor Recreation.

3417. §8505 — Career and volunteer opportunities for veterans

3418. §8521 — Increasing youth recreation visits to Federal land

3419. §8531 — Definitions

3420. §8531 — Section 311, referred to in pars. (3) and (4), means section 311 of Pub. L. 118–234 .

3421. §8541 — Permitting process improvements

3422. §8542 — Permit flexibility

3423. §8543 — Permit administration

3424. §8544 — Service First Initiative; permits for multijurisdictional trips

3425. §8545 — Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management temporary special recreation permits for outfitting and guiding

3426. §8546 — Reviews for long-term permits

3427. §8547 — Adjustment of allocated visitor-use days

3428. §8548 — Liability

3429. §8549 — Cost recovery reform

3430. §8550 — Savings provision

3431. §8561 — Extension of seasonal recreation opportunities

3432. §8571 — Good neighbor authority for recreation

3433. §8572 — Permit relief for picnic areas

3434. §8573 — Interagency report on special recreation permits for underserved communities

3435. §8574 — Savings provision

Title 17

1. §101 — Definitions

2. §101 — Section 1011(d) of the Intellectual Property and Communications Omnibus Reform Act of 1999, referred to in definition of “work made for hire”, is section 1000(a)(9) [title I, § 1011(d)] of Pub. L. 106–113 , which amended par. (2) of that definition. See 1999 Amendment note below.

3. §101 — Section 2 of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act, referred to in definitions of “WTO Agreement” and “WTO member country”, is classified to section 3501 of Title 19 , Customs Duties.

4. §101 — Section 2(a)(1) of the Work Made For Hire and Copyright Corrections Act of 2000, referred to in definition of “work made for hire”, is section 2(a)(1) of Pub. L. 106—379, which amended par. (2) of that definition. See 2000 Amendment note below.

5. §102 — Subject matter of copyright: In general

6. §103 — Section 103 complements section 102: A compilation or derivative work is copyrightable if it represents an “original work of authorship” and falls within one or more of the categories listed in section 102. Read together, the two sections make plain that the criteria of copyrightable subject matter stated in section 102 apply with full force to works that are entirely original and to those containing preexisting material. Section 103(b) is also intended to define, more sharply and clearly than does section 7 of the present law [section 7 of former title 17], the important interrelationship and correlation between protection of preexisting and of “new” material in a particular work. The most important point here is one that is commonly misunderstood today: copyright in a “new version” covers only the material added by the later author, and has no effect one way or the other on the copyright or public domain status of the preexisting material.

7. §103 — Subject matter of copyright: Compilations and derivative works

8. §104 — Section 104 of the bill [this section], which sets forth the basic criteria under which works of foreign origin can be protected under the U.S. copyright law, divides all works coming within the scope of sections 102 and 103 into two categories: unpublished and published. Subsection (a) imposes no qualifications of nationality and domicile with respect to unpublished works. Subsection (b) would make published works subject to protection under any one of four conditions:

9. §104 — Subject matter of copyright: National origin

10. § 104A. Copyright in restored works

11. Section 101(d)(15) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(1)(D)(i), is classified to section 3511(d)(15) of Title 19 , Customs Duties.

12. §105 — Subject matter of copyright: United States Government works

13. §106 — Exclusive rights in copyrighted works

14. § 106A. Rights of certain authors to attribution and integrity

15. Section 610(a) of the Visual Artists Rights Act of 1990 [ Pub. L. 101–650 ], referred to in subsec. (d), is set out as an Effective Date note below.

16. §107 — Limitations on exclusive rights: Fair use

17. §108 — Limitations on exclusive rights: Reproduction by libraries and archives

18. §109 — Limitations on exclusive rights: Effect of transfer of particular copy or phonorecord

19. §109 — Section 109(b) adopts the general principle that the lawful owner of a copy of a work should be able to put his copy on public display without the consent of the copyright owner. As in cases arising under section 109(a), this does not mean that contractual restrictions on display between a buyer and seller would be unenforceable as a matter of contract law.

20. §109 — Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is classified to section 45 of Title 15 .

21. §110 — Limitations on exclusive rights: Exemption of certain performances and displays

22. §111 — Limitations on exclusive rights: Secondary transmissions of broadcast programming by cable

23. §111 — Section 111(c)(2) provides that the “willful or repeated” carriage of signals not permissible under the rules and regulations of the FCC subjects a cable system to full copyright liability. The words “willful or repeated” are used to prevent a cable system from being subjected to severe penalties for innocent or casual acts (“Repeated” does not mean merely “more than once,” of course; rather, it denotes a degree of aggravated negligence which borders on willfulness. Such a condition would not exist in the case of an innocent mistake as to what signals or programs may properly be carried under the FCC’s complicated rules). Section 111(c)(2) also provides that a cable system is subject to full copyright liability where the cable system has not recorded the notice, deposited the statement of account, or paid the royalty fee required by subsection (d). The Committee does not intend, however, that a good faith error by the cable system in computing the amount due would subject it to full liability as an infringer. The Committee expects that in most instances of this type the parties would be able to work out the problem without resort to the courts.

24. §112 — Limitations on exclusive rights: Ephemeral recordings

25. §112 — Section 112 of the bill concerns itself with a special problem that is not dealt with in the present statutes but is the subject of provisions in a number of foreign statutes and in the revisions of the Berne Convention since 1948. This is the problem of what are commonly called “ephemeral recordings”: copies or phonorecords of a work made for purposes of later transmission by a broadcasting organization legally entitled to transmit the work. In other words, where a broadcaster has the privilege of performing or displaying a work either because he is licensed or because the performance or display is exempted under the statute, the question is whether he should be given the additional privilege of recording the performance or display to facilitate its transmission. The need for a limited exemption in these cases because of the practical exigencies of broadcasting has been generally recognized, but the scope of the exemption has been a controversial issue.

26. §113 — Scope of exclusive rights in pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works

27. §113 — Section 113 deals with the extent of copyright protection in “works of applied art.” The section takes as its starting point the Supreme Court’s decision in Mazer v. Stein , 347 U.S. 201 (1954) [74 S.Ct. 460, 98 L.Ed. 630, rehearing denied 74 S.Ct. 637, 347 U.S. 949, 98 L.Ed. 1096], and the first sentence of subsection (a) restates the basic principle established by that decision. The rule of Mazer , as affirmed by the bill, is that copyright in a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work will not be affected if the work is employed as the design of a useful article, and will afford protection to the copyright owner against the unauthorized reproduction of his work in useful as well as nonuseful articles. The terms “pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works” and “useful article” are defined in section 101, and these definitions are discussed above in connection with section 102.

28. §113 — Section 113(c) provides that it would not be an infringement of copyright, where a copyright work has been lawfully published as the design of useful articles, to make, distribute or display pictures of the articles in advertising, in feature stories about the articles, or in the news reports.

29. §113 — Section 610(a) of the Visual Artists Rights Act of 1990 [ Pub. L. 101–650 ], referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(B), is set out as an Effective Date note under section 106A of this title .

30. §114 — Scope of exclusive rights in sound recordings

31. §114 — Section 114(c) states explicitly that nothing in the provisions of section 114 should be construed to “limit or impair the exclusive right to perform publicly, by means of a phonorecord, any of the works specified by section 106(4).” This principle is already implicit in the bill, but it is restated to avoid the danger of confusion between rights in a sound recording and rights in the musical composition or other work embodied in the recording.

32. §114 — Section 602(12) of the Communications Act of 1934, referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(C)(iii), was subsequently amended, and section 602(12) no longer defines “multichannel video programming distributor”. However, such term is defined elsewhere in that section.

33. §115 — Scope of exclusive rights in nondramatic musical works: Compulsory license for making and distributing phonorecords

34. §116 — Negotiated licenses for public performances by means of coin-operated phonorecord players

35. §117 — Limitations on exclusive rights: Computer programs

36. §118 — Scope of exclusive rights: Use of certain works in connection with noncommercial broadcasting

37. §118 — Section 118(f) is intended to make clear that this section does not permit unauthorized use, beyond the limits of section 107, of individual frames from a filmstrip or any other portion of any audiovisual work. Additionally, the application of this section to pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works does not extend to the production of transmission programs drawn to any substantial extent from a compilation of such works.

38. §118 — Section 118(f) makes it clear that the rights of performance and other activities specified in subsection (d) do not extend to the unauthorized dramatization of a nondramatic musical work.

39. §119 — Limitations on exclusive rights: Secondary transmissions of distant television programming by satellite

40. §120 — Scope of exclusive rights in architectural works

41. §121 — Limitations on exclusive rights: Reproduction for blind or other people with disabilities

42. § 121A. Limitations on exclusive rights: reproduction for blind or other people with disabilities in Marrakesh Treaty countries

43. §122 — Limitations on exclusive rights: Secondary transmissions of local television programming by satellite

44. §122 — Section 397 of the Communications Act of 1934, referred to in subsec. (j)(5), is classified to section 397 of Title 47 , Telecommunications.

45. §201 — Ownership of copyright

46. §202 — Ownership of copyright as distinct from ownership of material object

47. §203 — Section 203 would not prevent the parties to a transfer or license from voluntarily agreeing at any time to terminate an existing grant and negotiating a new one, thereby causing another 35-year period to start running. However, the bill seeks to avoid the situation that has arisen under the present renewal provision, in which third parties have bought up contingent future interests as a form of speculation. Section 203(b)(4) would make a further grant of rights that revert under a terminated grant valid “only if it is made after the effective date of the termination.” An exception, in the nature of a right of “first refusal,” would permit the original grantee or a successor of such grantee to negotiate a new agreement with the persons effecting the termination at any time after the notice of termination has been served.

48. §203 — Section 203(b)(6) provides that, unless and until termination is effected under this section, the grant, “if it does not provide otherwise,” continues for the term of copyright. This section means that, if the agreement does not contain provisions specifying its term or duration, and the author has not terminated the agreement under this section, the agreement continues for the term of the copyright, subject to any right of termination under circumstances which may be specified therein. If, however, an agreement does contain provisions governing its duration—for example, a term of fifty years—and the author has not exercised his or her right of termination under the statute, the agreement will continue according to its terms—in this example, for only fifty years. The quoted language is not to be construed as requiring agreements to reserve the right of termination.

49. §203 — Termination of transfers and licenses granted by the author

50. §204 — Execution of transfers of copyright ownership

51. §204 — Section 204 is a somewhat broadened and liberalized counterpart of sections 28 and 29 of the present statute [sections 28 and 29 of former title 17]. Under subsection (a), a transfer of copyright ownership (other than one brought about by operation of law) is valid only if there exists an instrument of conveyance, or alternatively a “note or memorandum of the transfer,” which is in writing and signed by the copyright owner “or such owner’s duly authorized agent.” Subsection (b) makes clear that a notarial or consular acknowledgment is not essential to the validity of any transfer, whether executed in the United States or abroad. However, the subsection would liberalize the conditions under which certificates of acknowledgment of documents executed abroad are to be accorded prima facie weight, and would give the same weight to domestic acknowledgments under appropriate circumstances.

52. §205 — Recordation of transfers and other documents

53. §301 — Preemption with respect to other laws

54. §301 — Section 610(a) of the Visual Artists Rights Act of 1990 [ Pub. L. 101–650 ], referred to in subsec. (f)(1), (2)(A), is set out as an Effective Date note under section 106A of this title .

55. §302 — Duration of copyright: Works created on or after January 1, 1978

56. §302 — Section 302(c) provides that the 75- and 100-year terms for an anonymous or pseudonymous work can be converted to the ordinary life-plus-50 term if “the identity of one or more authors * * * is revealed” in special records maintained for this purpose in the Copyright Office. The term in such cases would be “based on the life of the author or authors whose identity has been revealed.” Instead of forcing a user to search through countless Copyright Office records to determine if an author’s identity has been revealed, the bill sets up a special registry for the purpose, with requirements concerning the filing of identifying statements that parallel those of the following subsection (d) with respect to statements of the date of an author’s death.

57. §303 — Duration of copyright: Works created but not published or copyrighted before January 1, 1978

58. §304 — Duration of copyright: Subsisting copyrights

59. §304 — Section 304(c)(6)(E) provides that, unless and until termination is effected under this section, the grant, “if it does not provide otherwise,” continues for the term of copyright. This section means that, if the agreement does not contain provisions specifying its term or duration, and the author has not terminated the agreement under this section, the agreement continues for the term of the copyright, subject to any right of termination under circumstances which may be specified therein. If, however, an agreement does contain provisions governing its duration—for example, a term of sixty years—and the author has not exercised his or her right of termination under the statute, the agreement will continue according to its terms—in this example, for only sixty years. The quoted language is not to be construed as requiring agreements to reserve the right of termination.

60. §305 — Duration of copyright: Terminal date

61. §305 — Section 305 applies only to “terms of copyright provided by sections 302 through 304,” which are the sections dealing with duration of copyright. It therefore has no effect on the other time periods specified in the bill; and, since they do not involve “terms of copyright,” the periods provided in section 304(c) with respect to termination of grants are not affected by section 305.

62. §401 — Notice of copyright: Visually perceptible copies

63. §402 — Notice of copyright: Phonorecords of sound recordings

64. §403 — Notice of copyright: Publications incorporating United States Government works

65. §403 — Section 403 is aimed at a publishing practice that, while technically justified under the present law, has been the object of considerable criticism. In cases where a Government work is published or republished commercially, it has frequently been the practice to add some “new matter” in the form of an introduction, editing, illustrations, etc., and to include a general copyright notice in the name of the commercial publisher. This in no way suggests to the public that the bulk of the work is uncopyrightable and therefore free for use.

66. §404 — Notice of copyright: Contributions to collective works

67. §405 — Notice of copyright: Omission of notice on certain copies and phonorecords

68. §405 — Section 405(a) takes a middle-ground approach in an effort to encourage use of a copyright notice without causing unfair and unjustifiable forfeitures on technical grounds. Clause (1) provides that, as long as the omission is from “no more than a relatively small number of copies or phonorecords,” there is no effect upon the copyright owner’s rights except in the case of an innocent infringement covered by section 405(b); there is no need for registration or for efforts to correct the error if this clause is applicable. The phrase “relatively small number” is intended to be less restrictive than the phrase “a particular copy or copies” now in section 21 of the present law [section 21 of former title 21].

69. §406 — Notice of copyright: Error in name or date on certain copies and phonorecords

70. §407 — Deposit of copies or phonorecords for Library of Congress

71. §408 — Copyright registration in general

72. §408 — Section 408(c)(3) provides under certain conditions an alternative to the separate renewal registrations of subsection (a). If the specified conditions are met, a single renewal registration may be made for a group of works by the same individual author, all first published as contributions to periodicals, including newspapers, upon the filing of a single application and fee. It is required that the renewal claimant or claimants, and the basis of claim or claims under section 304(a), is the same for each of the works; that the works were all copyrighted upon their first publication, either through separate copyright notice and registration or by virtue of a general copyright notice in the periodical issue as a whole; that the renewal application and fee are received not more than twenty-eight or less than twenty-seven years after December 31 of the calendar year in which all of the works were first published; and that the renewal application identifies each work separately, including the periodical containing it and its date of first publication.

73. §409 — Application for copyright registration

74. §410 — Registration of claim and issuance of certificate

75. §410 — Section 410(d), which is in accord with the present practice of the Copyright Office, makes the effective date of registration the day when an application, deposit, and fee “which are later determined by the Register of Copyrights or by a court of competent jurisdiction to be acceptable for registration” have all been received. Where the three necessary elements are received at different times the date of receipt of the last of them is controlling, regardless of when the Copyright Office acts on the claim. The provision not only takes account of the inevitable timelag between receipt of the application and other material and the issuance of the certificate, but it also recognizes the possibility that a court might later find the Register wrong in refusing registration.

76. §411 — Registration and civil infringement actions

77. §412 — Registration as prerequisite to certain remedies for infringement In any action under this title, other than an action brought for a violation of the rights of the author under section 106A(a), an action for infringement of the copyright of a work that has been preregistered under section 408(f) before the commencement of the infringement and that has an effective date of registration not later than the earlier of 3 months after the first publication of the work or 1 month after the copyright owner has learned of the infringement, or an action instituted under section 411(c), no award of statutory damages or of attorney's fees, as provided by sections 504 and 505, shall be made for-

78. §501 — Infringement of copyright

79. §501 — Section 338(a) of the Communications Act of 1934, referred to in subsec. (f)(2), is classified to section 338(a) of Title 47 , Telecommunications.

80. §501 — Section 501 contains two provisions conferring standing to sue under the statue upon broadcast stations in specific situations involving secondary transmissions by cable systems. Under subsection (c), a local television broadcaster licensed to transmit a work can sue a cable system importing the same version of the work into the broadcaster’s local service area in violation of section 111(c). Subsection (d) deals with cases arising under section 111(c)(3), the provision dealing with substitution or alteration by a cable system of commercials or other programming; in such cases standing to sue is also conferred on: (1) the primary transmitter whose transmission has been altered by the cable system, and (2) any broadcast stations within whose local service area the secondary transmission occurs. These provisions are linked to section 509, a new provision on remedies for alteration of programming by cable systems, discussed below.

81. §502 — Remedies for infringement: Injunctions

82. §502 — Section 502(a) [subsec. (a) of this section] reasserts the discretionary power of courts to grant injunctions and restraining orders, whether “preliminary,” “temporary,” “interlocutory,” “permanent,” or “final,” to prevent or stop infringements of copyright. This power is made subject to the provisions of section 1498 of title 28 dealing with infringement actions against the United States. The latter reference in section 502(a) makes it clear that the bill would not permit the granting of an injunction against an infringement for which the Federal Government is liable under section 1498.

83. §503 — Remedies for infringement: Impounding and disposition of infringing articles

84. §504 — Remedies for infringement: Damages and profits

85. §505 — Remedies for infringement: Costs and attorney’s fees

86. §506 — Criminal offenses

87. §506 — Section 506(a) contains a special provision applying to any person who infringes willfully and for purposes of commercial advantage the copyright in a sound recording or a motion picture. For the first such offense a person shall be fined not more than $25,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both. For any subsequent offense a person shall be fined not more than $50,000 or imprisoned not more than two years, or both.

88. §507 — Limitations on actions

89. §507 — Section 507, which is substantially identical with section 115 of the present law [section 115 of former title 17], establishes a three-year statute of limitations for both criminal proceedings and civil actions. The language of this section, which was adopted by the act of September 7, 1957 ( 71 Stat. 633 ) [ Pub. L. 85–313, § 1 , Sept. 7, 1957 , 71 Stat. 633 ], represents a reconciliation of views, and has therefore been left unaltered.

90. §508 — Notification of filing and determination of actions

91. §508 — Section 508, which corresponds to some extent with a provision in the patent law ( 35 U.S.C. 290 ), is intended to establish a method for notifying the Copyright Office and the public of the filing and disposition of copyright cases. The clerks of the Federal courts are to notify the Copyright Office of the filing of any copyright actions and of their final disposition, and the Copyright Office is to make these notifications a part of its public records.

92. §510 — Remedies for alteration of programming by cable systems

93. §510 — Section 509(b) specifies a new discretionary remedy for alteration of programming by cable systems in violation of section 111(c)(3): the court in such cases may decree that, “for a period not to exceed thirty days, the cable system shall be deprived of the benefit of a compulsory license for one or more distant signals carried by such cable system.” The term “distant signals” in this provision is intended to have a meaning consistent with the definition of “distant signal equivalent” in section 111.

94. §511 — Liability of States, instrumentalities of States, and State officials for infringement of copyright

95. §512 — Limitations on liability relating to material online

96. §513 — Determination of reasonable license fees for individual proprietors

97. §602 — Infringing importation or exportation of copies or phonorecords

98. §602 — Section 602(a) first states the general rule that unauthorized importation is an infringement merely if the copies or phonorecords “have been acquired outside the United States”, but then enumerates three specific exceptions: (1) importation under the authority or for the use of a governmental body, but not including material for use in schools or copies of an audiovisual work imported for any purpose other than archival use; (2) importation for the private use of the importer of no more than one copy or phonorecord of a work at a time, or of articles in the personal baggage of travelers from abroad; or (3) importation by nonprofit organizations “operated for scholarly, educational, or religious purposes” of “no more than one copy of an audiovisual work solely for archival purposes, and no more than five copies or phonorecords of any other work for its library lending or archival purposes.” The bill specifies that the third exception does not apply if the importation “is part of an activity consisting of systematic reproduction or distribution, engaged in by such organization in violation of the provisions of section 108(g)(2).”

99. §603 — Importation prohibitions: Enforcement and disposition of excluded articles

100. §701 — The Copyright Office: General responsibilities and organization

101. §702 — Copyright Office regulations

102. §703 — Effective date of actions in Copyright Office

103. §704 — Retention and disposition of articles deposited in Copyright Office

104. §705 — Copyright Office records: Preparation, maintenance, public inspection, and searching

105. §706 — Copies of Copyright Office records

106. §707 — Copyright Office forms and publications

107. §708 — Copyright Office fees

108. §709 — Delay in delivery caused by disruption of postal or other services

109. §710 — Emergency relief authority

110. §801 — Copyright Royalty Judges; appointment and functions

111. §801 — Section 111(d)(1)(D) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(D), was amended generally by Pub. L. 111–175, title I, § 104(c)(1)(C) , May 27, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1232 , and, as so amended, no longer relates to gross receipts limitations.

112. §802 — Copyright Royalty Judgeships; staff

113. §803 — Proceedings of Copyright Royalty Judges

114. §803 — Section 307 of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1994, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), is section 307 of Pub. L. 103–69 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 60–1 of Title 2 , The Congress.

115. §804 — Institution of proceedings

116. §804 — Section 115(c), referred to in subsec. (b)(4), was amended generally by Pub. L. 115–264, title I, § 102(a)(3) , Oct. 11, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3679 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a par. (3).

117. §805 — General rule for voluntarily negotiated agreements

118. §805 — Section 805, Pub. L. 94–553, title I, § 101 , Oct. 19, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2598 , related to staff of Copyright Royalty Tribunal.

119. §805 — Section 806, Pub. L. 94–553, title I, § 101 , Oct. 19, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2598 , related to administrative support of Tribunal.

120. §805 — Section 807, Pub. L. 94–553, title I, § 101 , Oct. 19, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2598 , related to deduction of costs of proceedings involving distribution of royalty fees.

121. §805 — Section 808, Pub. L. 94–553, title I, § 101 , Oct. 19, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2598 , related to reporting requirements of the Tribunal.

122. §805 — Section 809, Pub. L. 94–553, title I, § 101 , Oct. 19, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2598 , related to effective date of final determinations of Tribunal.

123. §805 — Section 810, Pub. L. 94–553, title I, § 101 , Oct. 19, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2598 , related to judicial review of final decisions of Tribunal.

124. §901 — Definitions

125. §902 — Subject matter of protection

126. §903 — Ownership, transfer, licensing, and recordation

127. §904 — Duration of protection

128. §905 — Exclusive rights in mask works

129. §906 — Limitation on exclusive rights: reverse engineering; first sale

130. §907 — Limitation on exclusive rights: innocent infringement

131. §908 — Registration of claims of protection

132. §909 — Mask work notice

133. §910 — Enforcement of exclusive rights

134. §910 — Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(A), is classified to section 1337 of Title 19 , Customs Duties.

135. §911 — Civil actions

136. §912 — Relation to other laws

137. §913 — Transitional provisions

138. §914 — International transitional provisions

139. §1001 — Definitions

140. §1001 — Section 482 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in par. (12)(B), is classified to section 482 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

141. §1002 — Incorporation of copying controls

142. §1003 — Obligation to make royalty payments

143. §1004 — Royalty payments

144. §1005 — Deposit of royalty payments and deduction of expenses

145. §1006 — Entitlement to royalty payments

146. §1007 — Procedures for distributing royalty payments

147. §1008 — Prohibition on certain infringement actions

148. §1009 — Civil remedies

149. §1010 — Determination of certain disputes

150. §1101 — Section 2320 of title 18 , referred to in subsec. (b), was amended generally by Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title VIII, § 818(h) , Dec. 31, 2011 , 125 Stat. 1497 , and, as so amended, provisions similar to those formerly appearing in subsec. (e) are now contained in subsec. (f).

151. §1101 — Unauthorized fixation and trafficking in sound recordings and music videos

152. §1201 — Circumvention of copyright protection systems

153. §1202 — Integrity of copyright management information

154. §1203 — Civil remedies

155. §1204 — Criminal offenses and penalties

156. §1205 — Savings clause

157. §1301 — Designs protected

158. §1302 — Designs not subject to protection

159. §1303 — Revisions, adaptations, and rearrangements

160. §1304 — Commencement of protection

161. §1305 — Term of protection

162. §1306 — Design notice

163. §1307 — Effect of omission of notice

164. §1308 — Exclusive rights

165. §1309 — Infringement

166. §1310 — Application for registration

167. §1311 — Benefit of earlier filing date in foreign country

168. §1312 — Oaths and acknowledgments

169. §1313 — Examination of application and issue or refusal of registration

170. §1314 — Certification of registration

171. §1315 — Publication of announcements and indexes

172. §1316 — Fees

173. §1317 — Regulations

174. §1318 — Copies of records

175. §1319 — Correction of errors in certificates

176. §1320 — Ownership and transfer

177. §1321 — Remedy for infringement

178. §1322 — Injunctions

179. §1323 — Recovery for infringement

180. §1324 — Power of court over registration

181. §1325 — Liability for action on registration fraudulently obtained

182. §1326 — Penalty for false marking

183. §1327 — Penalty for false representation

184. §1328 — Enforcement by Treasury and Postal Service

185. §1328 — Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is classified to section 1337 of Title 19 , Customs Duties.

186. §1329 — Relation to design patent law

187. §1330 — Common law and other rights unaffected

188. §1331 — Administrator; Office of the Administrator

189. §1332 — No retroactive effect

190. §1401 — Unauthorized use of pre-1972 sound recordings

191. §1501 — Definitions

192. §1502 — Copyright Claims Board

193. §1503 — Authority and duties of the Copyright Claims Board

194. §1504 — Nature of proceedings

195. §1505 — Registration requirement

196. §1506 — Conduct of proceedings

197. §1507 — Effect of proceeding

198. §1508 — Review and confirmation by district court

199. §1509 — Relationship to other district court actions

200. §1510 — Implementation by Copyright Office

201. §1511 — Funding

Title 18

1. §2 — Principals

2. §2 — Section 2(a) comprises section 550 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., without change except in minor matters of phraseology.

3. §2 — Section 2(b) is added to permit the deletion from many sections throughout the revision of such phrases as “causes or procures”.

4. §3 — Accessory after the fact

5. §4 — Misprision of felony

6. §5 — United States defined

7. §6 — Department and agency defined

8. §6 — Section 1 of Title 5 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8 , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 632 , and reenacted by the first section thereof as section 101 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

9. §7 — Section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in par. (9), is classified to section 1101 of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

10. §7 — Special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States defined

11. §8 — Obligation or other security of the United States defined

12. §9 — Vessel of the United States defined

13. §10 — Interstate commerce and foreign commerce defined

14. §11 — Foreign government defined

15. §12 — United States Postal Service defined

16. §13 — Laws of States adopted for areas within Federal jurisdiction

17. §15 — Obligation or other security of foreign government defined

18. §16 — Crime of violence defined The term "crime of violence" means-

19. §17 — Insanity defense

20. §18 — Organization defined

21. §19 — Petty offense defined

22. §20 — Financial institution defined

23. §20 — Section 1(b) of the International Banking Act of 1978, referred to in par. (9), is classified to section 3101 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

24. §20 — Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in par. (8), is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 .

25. §20 — Section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, referred to in pars. (1) and (6), is classified to section 1813 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

26. §20 — Section 3 of the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act of 1974, referred to in par. (10), is classified to section 2602 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

27. §20 — Section 5.35(3) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971, referred to in par. (4), is classified to section 2271(3) of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

28. §21 — Stolen or counterfeit nature of property for certain crimes defined

29. §23 — 1 Court of the United States defined As used in this title, except where otherwise expressly provided 2 the term "court of the United States" includes the District Court of Guam, the District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands, and the District Court of the Virgin Islands. (Added Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXII, §320914(a), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2128 .) 1 So in original. No section 22 has been enacted. 2 So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma.

30. §24 — Definitions relating to Federal health care offense

31. §25 — Use of minors in crimes of violence

32. §26 — Definition of seaport

33. §27 — Mortgage lending business defined

34. §31 — Definitions

35. §32 — Destruction of aircraft or aircraft facilities

36. §32 — Section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to section 1101(a)(22) of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

37. §33 — Destruction of motor vehicles or motor vehicle facilities

38. §34 — Penalty when death results

39. §35 — Imparting or conveying false information

40. §36 — Drive-by shooting

41. §37 — Violence at international airports

42. §38 — Fraud involving aircraft or space vehicle parts in interstate or foreign commerce

43. §39 — Traffic signal preemption transmitters

44. § 39A. Aiming a laser pointer at an aircraft

45. § 39B. Unsafe operation of unmanned aircraft

46. §40 — Commercial motor vehicles required to stop for inspections

47. § 40A. Operation of unauthorized unmanned aircraft over wildfires

48. §41 — Hunting, fishing, trapping; disturbance or injury on wildlife refuges

49. §42 — Importation or shipment of injurious mammals, birds, fish (including mollusks and crustacea), amphibia, and reptiles; permits, specimens for museums; regulations

50. §43 — Force, violence, and threats involving animal enterprises

51. §47 — Use of aircraft or motor vehicles to hunt certain wild horses or burros; pollution of watering holes

52. §48 — Animal crushing

53. §49 — Enforcement of animal fighting prohibitions

54. §81 — Arson within special maritime and territorial jurisdiction

55. §111 — Assaulting, resisting, or impeding certain officers or employees

56. §112 — Protection of foreign officials, official guests, and internationally protected persons

57. §113 — Assaults within maritime and territorial jurisdiction

58. §114 — Maiming within maritime and territorial jurisdiction

59. §115 — Influencing, impeding, or retaliating against a Federal official by threatening or injuring a family member

60. §116 — Female genital mutilation

61. §117 — Domestic assault by an habitual offender

62. §118 — Interference with certain protective functions

63. §119 — Protection of individuals performing certain official duties

64. §151 — Definition

65. §152 — Concealment of assets; false oaths and claims; bribery A person who-

66. §153 — Embezzlement against estate

67. §154 — Adverse interest and conduct of officers

68. §155 — Fee agreements in cases under title 11 and receiverships

69. §156 — Knowing disregard of bankruptcy law or rule

70. §157 — Bankruptcy fraud

71. §158 — Designation of United States attorneys and agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation to address abusive reaffirmations of debt and materially fraudulent statements in bankruptcy schedules

72. §175 — Prohibitions with respect to biological weapons

73. § 175a. Requests for military assistance to enforce prohibition in certain emergencies

74. Section 382 of title 10 , referred to in text, was renumbered section 282 of title 10 , Armed Forces, by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

75. § 175b. Possession by restricted persons

76. Section 212 of the Agricultural Bioterrorism Protection Act of 2002, referred to in subsecs. (b)(2) and (c)(2), is classified to section 8401 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

77. Section 351A of the Public Health Service Act, referred to in subsecs. (b)(1) and (c)(1), is classified to section 262a of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

78. Section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(G)(i), was classified to section 2405(j) of the former Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as section 4605(j) of Title 50 , and was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . For provisions similar to those of former section 4605(j) of Title 50 , see section 4813(c) of Title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

79. § 175c. Variola virus

80. §176 — Seizure, forfeiture, and destruction

81. §177 — Injunctions

82. §178 — Definitions

83. §201 — Bribery of public officials and witnesses

84. §202 — Definitions

85. §203 — Compensation to Members of Congress, officers, and others in matters affecting the Government

86. §204 — Practice in United States Court of Federal Claims or the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by Members of Congress

87. §205 — Activities of officers and employees in claims against and other matters affecting the Government

88. §206 — Exemption of retired officers of the uniformed services

89. §207 — Restrictions on former officers, employees, and elected officials of the executive and legislative branches

90. §207 — Section 1(e) and (f) of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, referred to in subsec. (f)(3), is classified to section 611(e) and (f) of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

91. §207 — Section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (j)(2)(B), is classified to section 1001 of Title 20 , Education.

92. §207 — Section 102(a) of the Ethics Reform Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (e)(9)(L), (M), is section 102(a) of Pub. L. 101–194 , which is set out below.

93. §207 — Section 104(j) of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act ( 25 U.S.C. 450i(j) ), referred to in subsec. (j)(1)(B), was formerly classified to section 450i(j) of Title 25 , Indians, prior to editorial reclassification as section 5323(j) of Title 25 .

94. §207 — Section 1102 of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(A), is classified to section 2902 of Title 19 , Customs Duties.

95. §207 — Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (j)(2)(B), is classified to section 501(c)(3) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

96. §208 — Acts affecting a personal financial interest

97. §209 — Salary of Government officials and employees payable only by United States

98. §209 — Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (f), is classified to section 501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

99. §210 — Offer to procure appointive public office

100. §211 — Acceptance or solicitation to obtain appointive public office

101. §212 — Offer of loan or gratuity to financial institution examiner

102. §213 — Acceptance of loan or gratuity by financial institution examiner

103. §214 — Offer for procurement of Federal Reserve bank loan and discount of commercial paper

104. §215 — Receipt of commissions or gifts for procuring loans

105. §216 — Penalties and injunctions

106. §217 — Acceptance of consideration for adjustment of farm indebtedness

107. §218 — Section 1. The head of each Executive department, Military department and Executive agency is hereby delegated the authority vested in the President to declare void and rescind the transactions set forth in section 218 of title 18 of the United States Code in relation to which there has been a final conviction for any violation of chapter 11 of title 18.

108. §218 — Voiding transactions in violation of chapter; recovery by the United States

109. §219 — Officers and employees acting as agents of foreign principals

110. §220 — Illegal remunerations for referrals to recovery homes, clinical treatment facilities, and laboratories

111. §220 — Section 1833(z)(3)(C) of the Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(7), is classified to section 1395 l (z)(3)(C) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

112. §224 — Bribery in sporting contests

113. §225 — Continuing financial crimes enterprise

114. §226 — Bribery affecting port security

115. §227 — Wrongfully influencing a private entity’s employment decisions by a Member of Congress or an officer or employee of the legislative or executive branch

116. §228 — Failure to pay legal child support obligations

117. §228 — Section 102 of the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 ( 25 U.S.C. 479a ), referred to in subsec. (f)(1), was classified to section 479a of Title 25 , Indians, prior to editorial reclassification as section 5130 of Title 25 .

118. §229 — Prohibited activities

119. § 229A. Penalties

120. § 229B. Criminal forfeitures; destruction of weapons

121. § 229C. Individual self-defense devices

122. § 229D. Injunctions

123. § 229E. Requests for military assistance to enforce prohibition in certain emergencies

124. Section 382 of title 10 , referred to in text, was renumbered section 282 of title 10 , Armed Forces, by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

125. § 229F. Definitions

126. §231 — Civil disorders

127. §232 — Definitions

128. §233 — Preemption

129. §241 — Conspiracy against rights If two or more persons conspire to injure, oppress, threaten, or intimidate any person in any State, Territory, Commonwealth, Possession, or District in the free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege secured to him by the Constitution or laws of the United States, or because of his having so exercised the same; or If two or more persons go in disguise on the highway, or on the premises of another, with intent to prevent or hinder his free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege so secured- They shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both; and if death results from the acts committed in violation of this section or if such acts include kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or an attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, they shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or for life, or both, or may be sentenced to death. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 696 ; Pub. L. 90–284, title I, §103(a), Apr. 11, 1968, 82 Stat. 75 ; Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, §7018(a), (b)(1), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4396 ; Pub. L. 103–322, title VI, §60006(a), title XXXII, §§320103(a), 320201(a), title XXXIII, §330016(1)(L), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1970 , 2109, 2113, 2147; Pub. L. 104–294, title VI, §§604(b)(14)(A), 607(a), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3507 , 3511.)

130. §242 — Deprivation of rights under color of law

131. §243 — Exclusion of jurors on account of race or color

132. §244 — Discrimination against person wearing uniform of armed forces

133. §245 — Federally protected activities

134. §246 — Deprivation of relief benefits

135. §247 — Damage to religious property; obstruction of persons in the free exercise of religious beliefs

136. §248 — Freedom of access to clinic entrances

137. §249 — Hate crime acts

138. §250 — Penalties for civil rights offenses involving sexual misconduct

139. §285 — Taking or using papers relating to claims

140. §286 — Conspiracy to defraud the Government with respect to claims

141. §287 — False, fictitious or fraudulent claims

142. §287 — Section 80 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., was divided into two parts. That portion making it a crime to present false claims was retained as this section. The part relating to false statements is now section 1001 of this title .

143. §288 — False claims for postal losses

144. §289 — False claims for pensions

145. §290 — Discharge papers withheld by claim agent

146. §291 — Purchase of claims for fees by court officials

147. §292 — Solicitation of employment and receipt of unapproved fees concerning Federal employees’ compensation

148. §331 — Mutilation, diminution, and falsification of coins

149. §332 — Debasement of coins; alteration of official scales, or embezzlement of metals

150. §333 — Mutilation of national bank obligations

151. §334 — Issuance of Federal Reserve or national bank notes

152. §335 — Circulation of obligations of expired corporations

153. §336 — Issuance of circulating obligations of less than $1

154. §337 — Coins as security for loans

155. §341 — Definitions

156. §342 — Operation of a common carrier under the influence of alcohol or drugs

157. §343 — Presumptions

158. §351 — Congressional, Cabinet, and Supreme Court assassination, kidnapping, and assault; penalties

159. §371 — Conspiracy to commit offense or to defraud United States If two or more persons conspire either to commit any offense against the United States, or to defraud the United States, or any agency thereof in any manner or for any purpose, and one or more of such persons do any act to effect the object of the conspiracy, each shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. If, however, the offense, the commission of which is the object of the conspiracy, is a misdemeanor only, the punishment for such conspiracy shall not exceed the maximum punishment provided for such misdemeanor. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 701 ; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, §330016(1)(L), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147 .)

160. §372 — Conspiracy to impede or injure officer

161. §373 — Solicitation to commit a crime of violence

162. §401 — Power of court

163. §402 — Contempts constituting crimes

164. §402 — Section 21 of the Clayton Act, section 386 of title 28 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Judicial Code and Judiciary, is here consolidated with parts of sections 1, 22, and 24 of the same act. Section 1 of said act, section 390a of title 28 U.S.C., 1940 ed., Judicial Code and Judiciary, defined person or persons. Section 22 of said act, section 387 of title 28 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Judicial Code and Judiciary, regulated the procedure and provided for the punishment of contempts. Section 24 of said act, section 389 of title 28 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Judicial Code and Judiciary, limited the application of these sections to certain kinds of contempt.

165. §403 — Protection of the privacy of child victims and child witnesses

166. §431 — Contracts by Member of Congress

167. §432 — Officer or employee contracting with Member of Congress

168. §433 — Exemptions with respect to certain contracts

169. §435 — Contracts in excess of specific appropriation

170. §436 — Convict labor contracts

171. §440 — Mail contracts

172. §441 — Postal supply contracts

173. §442 — Government Publishing Office

174. §443 — Section 103 of Title 41 , referred to in text, probably means section 3 of act July 1, 1944, ch. 358 , 58 Stat. 650 , which was classified to section 103 of former Title 41, Public Contracts, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 111–350, § 7(b) , Jan. 4, 2011 , 124 Stat. 3855 . For disposition of sections of former Title 41, see Disposition Table preceding section 101 of Title 41 .

175. §443 — War contracts

176. §470 — Counterfeit acts committed outside the United States

177. §471 — Obligations or securities of United States

178. §472 — Uttering counterfeit obligations or securities

179. §473 — Dealing in counterfeit obligations or securities

180. §474 — Plates, stones, or analog, digital, or electronic images for counterfeiting obligations or securities

181. § 474A. Deterrents to counterfeiting of obligations and securities

182. §475 — Imitating obligations or securities; advertisements

183. §476 — Taking impressions of tools used for obligations or securities

184. §477 — Possessing or selling impressions of tools used for obligations or securities

185. §478 — Foreign obligations or securities

186. §479 — Uttering counterfeit foreign obligations or securities

187. §480 — Possessing counterfeit foreign obligations or securities

188. §481 — Plates, stones, or analog, digital, or electronic images for counterfeiting foreign obligations or securities

189. §482 — Foreign bank notes

190. §483 — Uttering counterfeit foreign bank notes

191. §484 — Connecting parts of different notes

192. §485 — Coins or bars

193. §486 — Uttering coins of gold, silver or other metal

194. §487 — Making or possessing counterfeit dies for coins

195. §488 — Making or possessing counterfeit dies for foreign coins

196. §489 — Making or possessing likeness of coins

197. §490 — Minor coins

198. §491 — Tokens or paper used as money

199. §492 — Forfeiture of counterfeit paraphernalia

200. §493 — Bonds and obligations of certain lending agencies

201. §493 — Section 1138d(f) of title 12 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Banks and Banking, was omitted from this revision and recommended for repeal. It provides as follows: “Whoever conspires with another to accomplish any of the acts made unlawful by the preceding provisions of this section shall, on conviction thereof, be subject to the same fine or imprisonment, or both, as is applicable in the case of conviction for doing such unlawful act.”

202. §494 — Contractors’ bonds, bids, and public records

203. §495 — Contracts, deeds, and powers of attorney

204. §496 — Customs matters

205. §497 — Letters patent

206. §498 — Military or naval discharge certificates

207. §499 — Military, naval, or official passes

208. §500 — Money orders

209. §501 — Postage stamps, postage meter stamps, and postal cards

210. §502 — Postage and revenue stamps of foreign governments

211. §503 — Postmarking stamps

212. §504 — Printing and filming of United States and foreign obligations and securities

213. §505 — Seals of courts; signatures of judges or court officers

214. §506 — Seals of departments or agencies

215. §507 — Ship’s papers

216. §508 — Transportation requests of Government

217. §509 — Possessing and making plates or stones for Government transportation requests

218. §510 — Forging endorsements on Treasury checks or bonds or securities of the United States

219. §511 — Altering or removing motor vehicle identification numbers

220. §512 — Forfeiture of certain motor vehicles and motor vehicle parts

221. §513 — Section 916 of the Electronic Fund Transfer Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(A), was renumbered section 917 by Pub. L. 111–24, title IV, § 401(1) , May 22, 2009 , 123 Stat. 1751 , and is classified to section 1693n of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

222. §513 — Securities of the States and private entities

223. §514 — Fictitious obligations

224. §521 — Criminal street gangs

225. §541 — Entry of goods falsely classified

226. §542 — Entry of goods by means of false statements

227. §543 — Entry of goods for less than legal duty

228. §544 — Relanding of goods

229. §545 — Smuggling goods into the United States

230. §546 — Smuggling goods into foreign countries

231. §547 — Depositing goods in buildings on boundaries

232. §548 — Removing or repacking goods in warehouses

233. §549 — Removing goods from customs custody; breaking seals

234. §550 — False claim for refund of duties

235. §551 — Concealing or destroying invoices or other papers

236. §552 — Officers aiding importation of obscene or treasonous books and articles

237. §553 — Importation or exportation of stolen motor vehicles, off-highway mobile equipment, vessels, or aircraft

238. §554 — Smuggling goods from the United States

239. §555 — Border tunnels and passages

240. §592 — Troops at polls

241. §593 — Interference by armed forces

242. §594 — Intimidation of voters

243. §595 — Interference by administrative employees of Federal, State, or Territorial Governments Whoever, being a person employed in any administrative position by the United States, or by any department or agency thereof, or by the District of Columbia or any agency or instrumentality thereof, or by any State, Territory, or Possession of the United States, or any political subdivision, municipality, or agency thereof, or agency of such political subdivision or municipality (including any corporation owned or controlled by any State, Territory, or Possession of the United States or by any such political subdivision, municipality, or agency), in connection with any activity which is financed in whole or in part by loans or grants made by the United States, or any department or agency thereof, uses his official authority for the purpose of interfering with, or affecting, the nomination or the election of any candidate for the office of President, Vice President, Presidential elector, Member of the Senate, Member of the House of Representatives, Delegate from the District of Columbia, or Resident Commissioner, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. This section shall not prohibit or make unlawful any act by any officer or employee of any educational or research institution, establishment, agency, or system which is supported in whole or in part by any state or political subdivision thereof, or by the District of Columbia or by any Territory or Possession of the United States; or by any recognized religious, philanthropic or cultural organization. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 720 ; Pub. L. 91–405, title II, §204(d)(6), Sept. 22, 1970, 84 Stat. 853 ; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, §330016(1)(H), (L), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147 .)

244. §596 — Polling armed forces

245. §597 — Expenditures to influence voting

246. §598 — Coercion by means of relief appropriations

247. §599 — Promise of appointment by candidate

248. §600 — Promise of employment or other benefit for political activity

249. §601 — Deprivation of employment or other benefit for political contribution

250. §602 — Section 301(8) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, referred to in subsec. (a)(4), is classified to section 30101(8) of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

251. §602 — Solicitation of political contributions

252. §603 — Making political contributions

253. §603 — Section 301(8) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 30101(8) of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

254. §603 — Section 302(e)(1) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to section 30102(e)(1) of Title 52 .

255. §604 — Solicitation from persons on relief

256. §605 — Disclosure of names of persons on relief

257. §606 — Intimidation to secure political contributions

258. §607 — Place of solicitation

259. §607 — Section 302(e) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to section 30102(e) of Title 52 , Voting and Elections.

260. §608 — Absent uniformed services voters and overseas voters

261. §609 — Use of military authority to influence vote of member of Armed Forces

262. §610 — Coercion of political activity It shall be unlawful for any person to intimidate, threaten, command, or coerce, or attempt to intimidate, threaten, command, or coerce, any employee of the Federal Government as defined in section 7322(1) of title 5, United States Code, to engage in, or not to engage in, any political activity, including, but not limited to, voting or refusing to vote for any candidate or measure in any election, making or refusing to make any political contribution, or working or refusing to work on behalf of any candidate. Any person who violates this section shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. (Added Pub. L. 103–94, §4(c)(1), Oct. 6, 1993, 107 Stat. 1005 ; amended Pub. L. 104–294, title VI, §601(a)(1), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3497 .)

263. §611 — Voting by aliens

264. §641 — Public money, property or records

265. §642 — Tools and materials for counterfeiting purposes

266. §643 — Accounting generally for public money

267. §644 — Banker receiving unauthorized deposit of public money

268. §645 — Court officers generally

269. §646 — Court officers depositing registry moneys

270. §647 — Receiving loan from court officer

271. §648 — Custodians, generally, misusing public funds

272. §648 — Section 1(b) of the International Banking Act of 1978, referred to in text, is classified to section 3101 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

273. §649 — Custodians failing to deposit moneys; persons affected

274. §650 — Depositaries failing to safeguard deposits

275. §651 — Disbursing officer falsely certifying full payment

276. §652 — Disbursing officer paying lesser in lieu of lawful amount

277. §653 — Disbursing officer misusing public funds

278. §654 — Officer or employee of United States converting property of another

279. §655 — Section 1(b) of the International Banking Act of 1978, referred to in text, is classified to section 3101 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

280. §655 — Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in text, is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12. Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 .

281. §655 — Theft by bank examiner

282. §656 — Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in text, is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 .

283. §656 — Section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, referred to in text, is classified to section 1813 of Title 12 .

284. §656 — Section 592 of title 12 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Banks and Banking, was separated into three sections the first of which, embracing provisions relating to embezzlement, abstracting, purloining, or willfully misapplying moneys, funds, or credits, constitutes part of the basis for this section. Of the other two sections, one section, 334 of this title, relates only to the issuance and circulation of Federal Reserve notes and the other, section 1005 of this title , to false entries or the wrongful issue of bank obligations.

285. §656 — Section 597 of title 12 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Banks and Banking, likewise was separated into two parts, one of which was combined with the embezzlement provisions of said section 592 to form this section. The other part was combined with the related provisions of said section 592 to form section 1005 of this title .

286. §656 — Theft, embezzlement, or misapplication by bank officer or employee

287. §657 — Lending, credit and insurance institutions

288. §658 — Property mortgaged or pledged to farm credit agencies

289. §658 — Section 1131 of Title 12 , included within the reference to sections 1131 to 1134m of Title 12, was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 648 .

290. §659 — Interstate or foreign shipments by carrier; State prosecutions

291. §660 — Carrier’s funds derived from commerce; State prosecutions

292. §661 — Within special maritime and territorial jurisdiction

293. §662 — Receiving stolen property within special maritime and territorial jurisdiction

294. §663 — Solicitation or use of gifts

295. §664 — Theft or embezzlement from employee benefit plan

296. §665 — Section 711(a) of Pub. L. 93–203 , cited as a credit to this section, was omitted in the general revision of Pub. L. 93–203 by Pub. L. 95–524 .

297. §665 — Theft or embezzlement from employment and training funds; improper inducement; obstruction of investigations

298. §666 — Theft or bribery concerning programs receiving Federal funds

299. §667 — Theft of livestock

300. §668 — Theft of major artwork

301. §669 — Theft or embezzlement in connection with health care

302. §670 — Section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(3), is classified to section 321 of Title 21 , Food and Drugs.

303. §670 — Section 351 of the Public Health Service Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(4), is classified to section 262 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

304. §670 — Section 5(b) of the Orphan Drug Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(5), is classified to section 360ee(b) of Title 21 .

305. §670 — Theft of medical products

306. §700 — Desecration of the flag of the United States; penalties

307. §701 — Official badges, identification cards, other insignia

308. §702 — Uniform of armed forces and Public Health Service

309. §703 — Uniform of friendly nation

310. §704 — Military medals or decorations

311. §705 — Badge or medal of veterans’ organizations

312. §706 — Red Cross

313. § 706a. Geneva distinctive emblems

314. §709 — Chapter 7 of Title 12, referred to in text, which contained the Federal Farm Loan Act ( act July 17, 1916, ch. 245 , 39 Stat. 360 ) was classified principally to section 641 et seq. of Title 12. The Federal Farm Loan Act, as amended, was repealed by section 5.26(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971, Pub. L. 92–181 , Dec. 10, 1971 , 85 Stat. 624 . Section 5.26(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 also provided that all references in other legislation to the Acts repealed thereby “shall be deemed to refer to comparable provisions of this Act”. For further details, see notes under section 2001 of Title 12 . For complete classification of the Federal Farm Loan Act to the Code prior to such repeal, see Tables.

315. §709 — False advertising or misuse of names to indicate Federal agency

316. §710 — Cremation urns for military use

317. §712 — Misuse of names, words, emblems, or insignia

318. §713 — Section 1. Except as otherwise provided by law, the knowing manufacture, reproduction, sale, or purchase for resale of the Seals or Coats of Arms of the President or the Vice President of the United States, or any likeness or substantial part thereof, shall be permitted only for the following uses:

319. §713 — Use of likenesses of the great seal of the United States, the seals of the President and Vice President, the seal of the United States Senate, the seal of the United States House of Representatives, and the seal of the United States Congress

320. §716 — Public employee insignia and uniform

321. §751 — Prisoners in custody of institution or officer

322. §752 — Instigating or assisting escape

323. §753 — Rescue to prevent execution

324. §755 — Officer permitting escape

325. §756 — Internee of belligerent nation

326. §757 — Prisoners of war or enemy aliens

327. §758 — High speed flight from immigration checkpoint

328. §792 — Harboring or concealing persons

329. §793 — Gathering, transmitting or losing defense information

330. §794 — Gathering or delivering defense information to aid foreign government

331. §794 — Section 101(a) of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 1801(a) of Title 50 , War and National Defense.

332. §795 — Photographing and sketching defense installations

333. §796 — Use of aircraft for photographing defense installations

334. §797 — Publication and sale of photographs of defense installations

335. §798 — Disclosure of classified information

336. §798 — Section 1402 of the Victims of Crime Act of 1984, referred to in subsec. (d)(4), is section 1402 of chapter XIV of title II of Pub. L. 98–473 , which was classified to section 10601 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification as section 20101 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

337. Section 1(a)(29) of the Emergency Powers Continuation Act ( 66 Stat. 333 ) as further amended by Public Law 12, Eighty-third Congress, referred to in text, was formerly set out as a note under section 791 of this title and was repealed by section 7 of act June 30, 1953 .

338. § 798A. Temporary extension of section 794

339. §799 — Violation of regulations of National Aeronautics and Space Administration

340. §831 — Prohibited transactions involving nuclear materials

341. §832 — Participation in nuclear and weapons of mass destruction threats to the United States

342. §832 — Section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(3), is classified to section 1189 of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

343. §832 — Section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (d)(3), was classified to section 4605(j) of Title 50 , War and National Defense, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . For provisions similar to those of former section 4605(j) of Title 50 , see section 4813(c) of Title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

344. §832 — Section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in subsec. (d)(3), is classified to section 2371 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

345. §832 — Section 831(f)(1), referred to in subsec. (d)(4), was redesignated section 831(g)(1) by Pub. L. 114–23, title VIII, § 812(d) , June 2, 2015 , 129 Stat. 312 .

346. §836 — Transportation of fireworks into State prohibiting sale or use

347. §841 — Definitions

348. §841 — Section 102 of the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 ( 25 U.S.C. 479a ), referred to in subsec. (t), was classified to section 479a of Title 25 , Indians, prior to editorial reclassification as section 5130 of Title 25 .

349. §842 — Section 101(a)(20) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsecs. (d)(7)(A) and (i)(5)(A), is classified to section 1101(a)(20) of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

350. §842 — Unlawful acts

351. §843 — Licenses and user permits

352. §844 — Penalties

353. §844 — Section 5845(a) of that Code, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 5845(a) of Title 26 .

354. §845 — Exceptions; relief from disabilities

355. §846 — Additional powers of the Attorney General

356. §847 — Rules and regulations

357. §848 — Effect on State law

358. §871 — Threats against President and successors to the Presidency

359. §872 — Extortion by officers or employees of the United States

360. §873 — Blackmail

361. §874 — Kickbacks from public works employees

362. §875 — Interstate communications

363. §876 — Mailing threatening communications

364. §877 — Mailing threatening communications from foreign country Whoever knowingly deposits in any post office or authorized depository for mail matter of any foreign country any communication addressed to any person within the United States, for the purpose of having such communication delivered by the post office establishment of such foreign country to the Postal Service and by it delivered to such addressee in the United States, and as a result thereof such communication is delivered by the post office establishment of such foreign country to the Postal Service and by it delivered to the address to which it is directed in the United States, and containing any demand or request for ransom or reward for the release of any kidnapped person, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than twenty years, or both. Whoever, with intent to extort from any person any money or other thing of value, so deposits as aforesaid, any communication for the purpose aforesaid, containing any threat to kidnap any person or any threat to injure the person of the addressee or of another, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than twenty years, or both. Whoever knowingly so deposits as aforesaid, any communication, for the purpose aforesaid, containing any threat to kidnap any person or any threat to injure the person of the addressee or of another, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. Whoever, with intent to extort from any person any money or other thing of value, knowingly so deposits as aforesaid, any communication, for the purpose aforesaid, containing any threat to injure the property or reputation of the addressee or of another, or the reputation of a deceased person, or any threat to accuse the addressee or any other person of a crime, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than two years, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 741 ; Pub. L. 91–375, §6(j)(8), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 777 ; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, §§330016(1)(G), (H), (K), 330021(2), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147 , 2150.)

365. §878 — Threats and extortion against foreign officials, official guests, or internationally protected persons

366. §879 — Threats against former Presidents and certain other persons

367. §880 — Receiving the proceeds of extortion

368. §891 — Definitions and rules of construction

369. §892 — Making extortionate extensions of credit

370. §893 — Financing extortionate extensions of credit

371. §894 — Collection of extensions of credit by extortionate means

372. §896 — Effect on State laws

373. §911 — Citizen of the United States

374. §912 — Officer or employee of the United States

375. §913 — Impersonator making arrest or search

376. §914 — Creditors of the United States

377. §915 — Foreign diplomats, consuls or officers

378. §916 — 4–H Club members or agents

379. §916 — Section 76c of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., was incorporated in this section and section 707 of this title .

380. §917 — Red Cross members or agents

381. §917 — Section 4 of title 36 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Patriotic Societies and Observances, was divided into this section and section 706 of this title .

382. §921 — Definitions

383. §922 — Unlawful acts

384. §923 — Licensing

385. §924 — Penalties (a)(1) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, subsection (b), (c), (f), or (p) of this section, or in section 929, whoever-

386. §925 — Exceptions: Relief from disabilities

387. §925 — Section 4308 of title 10 before the repeal of such section by section 1624(a) of the Corporation for the Promotion of Rifle Practice and Firearms Safety Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), means section 4308 of Title 10 , Armed Forces, prior to repeal by section 1624(a)(1) of Pub. L. 104–106 , div. A, title XVI, Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 522 .

388. §925 — Section 5845(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (d)(3), is classified to section 5845(a) of Title 26 .

389. §925 — Section 5845(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is classified to section 5845(b) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

390. § 925A. Remedy for erroneous denial of firearm

391. Section 103 of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, referred to in par. (1), is section 103 of Pub. L. 103–159 , which is classified to section 40901 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

392. § 925B. Reporting of background check denials to State authorities

393. § 925C. Annual report to Congress

394. § 925D. Special assistant U.S. attorneys and cross-deputized attorneys

395. §926 — Rules and regulations

396. § 926A. Interstate transportation of firearms

397. § 926B. Carrying of concealed firearms by qualified law enforcement officers

398. § 926C. Carrying of concealed firearms by qualified retired law enforcement officers

399. §927 — Effect on State law

400. §928 — Separability

401. §929 — Use of restricted ammunition

402. §930 — Possession of firearms and dangerous weapons in Federal facilities

403. §931 — Prohibition on purchase, ownership, or possession of body armor by violent felons

404. §932 — Straw purchasing of firearms

405. §933 — Trafficking in firearms

406. §934 — Forfeiture and fines

407. §951 — Agents of foreign governments

408. §951 — Section 11 of the Export Administration Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (e)(2)(B), was classified to section 4610 of Title 50 , War and National Defense, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . Provisions relating to penalties are covered generally in section 4819 of Title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

409. §952 — Diplomatic codes and correspondence

410. §953 — Private correspondence with foreign governments

411. §954 — False statements influencing foreign government

412. §955 — Financial transactions with foreign governments

413. §956 — Conspiracy to kill, kidnap, maim, or injure persons or damage property in a foreign country

414. §957 — Possession of property in aid of foreign government

415. §958 — Commission to serve against friendly nation

416. §959 — Enlistment in foreign service

417. §960 — Expedition against friendly nation

418. §961 — Strengthening armed vessel of foreign nation

419. §962 — Arming vessel against friendly nation

420. §963 — Detention of armed vessel

421. §964 — Delivering armed vessel to belligerent nation

422. §965 — Verified statements as prerequisite to vessel’s departure

423. §966 — Departure of vessel forbidden for false statements

424. §967 — Departure of vessel forbidden in aid of neutrality

425. §970 — Protection of property occupied by foreign governments

426. §981 — Civil forfeiture

427. §981 — Section 104(a) of the North Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement Act of 2016, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(I), is classified to section 9214(a) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

428. §981 — Section 3 of the Anti Drug Abuse Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (e), is section 3 of Pub. L. 99–570 , which is set out as a note under section 801 of Title 21 , Food and Drugs.

429. §981 — Section 481(h) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in subsec. (i)(1)(C), was classified to section 2291(h) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse, prior to repeal of subsec. (h) by Pub. L. 102–583, § 6(b)(2) , Nov. 2, 1992 , 106 Stat. 4932 . Reference to section 481(h) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 probably should be to section 490(a)(1) of the Act, which is classified to section 2291j(a)(1) of Title 22 .

430. §981 — Section 8(e)(7)(D) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(7), is classified to section 1818(e)(7)(D) of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

431. §982 — Criminal forfeiture

432. §983 — General rules for civil forfeiture proceedings

433. §984 — Civil forfeiture of fungible property

434. §984 — Section 1(b)(7) of the International Banking Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A), is classified to section 3101(7) of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

435. §985 — Civil forfeiture of real property

436. §986 — Section 985 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was enacted by Pub. L. 106–185 , and relates to civil forfeitures of real property and not to procedures and limitations for subpoenas. The reference to section 985 was included in this section when it was enacted by Pub. L. 102–550 , but at that time there was no section 985 of this title .

437. §986 — Subpoenas for bank records

438. §987 — Anti-terrorist forfeiture protection

439. §1001 — Section 80 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., was divided into two parts.

440. §1001 — Statements or entries generally

441. §1002 — Possession of false papers to defraud United States

442. §1003 — Demands against the United States

443. §1004 — Certification of checks

444. §1004 — Section 1(b) of the International Banking Act of 1978, referred to in text, is classified to section 3101 of Title 12 .

445. §1004 — Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in text, is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12. Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 .

446. §1004 — Section 3(h) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, referred to in text, is classified to section 1813(h) of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

447. §1005 — Bank entries, reports and transactions

448. §1005 — Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in text, is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 .

449. §1005 — Section 3(w)(1) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, referred to in text, is classified to section 1813(w)(1) of Title 12 .

450. §1006 — Federal credit institution entries, reports and transactions

451. §1007 — Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation transactions

452. §1010 — Department of Housing and Urban Development and Federal Housing Administration transactions

453. §1011 — Federal land bank mortgage transactions

454. §1012 — Department of Housing and Urban Development transactions

455. §1013 — Farm loan bonds and credit bank debentures

456. §1014 — Loan and credit applications generally; renewals and discounts; crop insurance

457. §1014 — Section 1(b) of the International Banking Act of 1978, referred to in text, is classified to section 3101 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

458. §1014 — Section 1138d(f) of Title 12 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Banks and Banking, relating to conspiracy, was not added to this consolidated section for reasons given in reviser’s note under section 493 of this title .

459. §1014 — Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in text, is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 .

460. §1014 — Section 3 of the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act of 1974, referred to in text, is classified to section 2602 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

461. §1015 — Naturalization, citizenship or alien registry

462. §1016 — Acknowledgment of appearance or oath

463. §1017 — Government seals wrongfully used and instruments wrongfully sealed

464. §1018 — Official certificates or writings

465. §1019 — Certificates by consular officers

466. §1020 — Highway projects

467. §1021 — Title records

468. §1022 — Delivery of certificate, voucher, receipt for military or naval property

469. §1023 — Insufficient delivery of money or property for military or naval service

470. §1024 — Purchase or receipt of military, naval, or veteran’s facilities property

471. §1025 — False pretenses on high seas and other waters

472. §1026 — Compromise, adjustment, or cancellation of farm indebtedness

473. §1027 — False statements and concealment of facts in relation to documents required by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974

474. §1028 — Fraud and related activity in connection with identification documents, authentication features, and information

475. § 1028A. Aggravated identity theft

476. §1029 — Fraud and related activity in connection with access devices

477. §1029 — Section 413 of the Controlled Substances Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is classified to section 853 of Title 21 , Food and Drugs.

478. §1030 — Fraud and related activity in connection with computers

479. §1030 — Section 1(b) of the International Banking Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (e)(4)(H), is classified to section 3101 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

480. §1030 — Section 11 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is classified to section 2014 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

481. §1030 — Section 15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, referred to in subsec. (e)(4)(F), is classified to section 78 o of Title 15, Commerce and Trade.

482. §1030 — Section 1602(n) of title 15 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), was redesignated section 1602( o ) of title 15 by Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(1)(A) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .

483. §1030 — Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(4)(I), is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12. Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 .

484. §1031 — Major fraud against the United States

485. §1032 — Concealment of assets from conservator, receiver, or liquidating agent

486. §1033 — Crimes by or affecting persons engaged in the business of insurance whose activities affect interstate commerce

487. §1034 — Civil penalties and injunctions for violations of section 1033

488. §1035 — False statements relating to health care matters

489. §1036 — Entry by false pretenses to any real property, vessel, or aircraft of the United States or secure area of any airport or seaport

490. §1037 — Fraud and related activity in connection with electronic mail

491. §1037 — Section 3 of the CAN-SPAM Act of 2003, referred to in subsec. (d)(4), is classified to section 7702 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

492. §1038 — False information and hoaxes

493. §1039 — Fraud and related activity in connection with obtaining confidential phone records information of a covered entity

494. §1039 — Section 222(d) of the Communications Act of 1934, referred to in subsecs. (b)(2) and (c)(2), is classified to section 222(d) of Title 47 , Telecommunications.

495. §1040 — Fraud in connection with major disaster or emergency benefits

496. §1071 — Concealing person from arrest

497. §1071 — Section 246 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., was divided. Part is in this section and the remainder is incorporated in section 752 of this title .

498. §1072 — Concealing escaped prisoner

499. §1073 — Flight to avoid prosecution or giving testimony

500. §1074 — Flight to avoid prosecution for damaging or destroying any building or other real or personal property

501. §1081 — Definitions

502. §1081 — Section 4472 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in text, is classified to section 4472 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

503. §1082 — Gambling ships

504. §1083 — Transportation between shore and ship; penalties

505. §1084 — Transmission of wagering information; penalties

506. §1091 — Genocide

507. §1092 — Exclusive remedies

508. §1093 — Definitions

509. §1111 — Murder

510. §1112 — Manslaughter

511. §1113 — Attempt to commit murder or manslaughter

512. §1114 — Protection of officers and employees of the United States

513. §1115 — Misconduct or neglect of ship officers

514. §1116 — Murder or manslaughter of foreign officials, official guests, or internationally protected persons

515. §1117 — Conspiracy to murder

516. §1118 — Murder by a Federal prisoner

517. §1119 — Foreign murder of United States nationals

518. §1120 — Murder by escaped prisoners

519. §1121 — Killing persons aiding Federal investigations or State correctional officers

520. §1122 — Protection against the human immunodeficiency virus

521. §1122 — Section 377E of the Public Health Service Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 274f–5 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

522. §1151 — Indian country defined Except as otherwise provided in sections 1154 and 1156 of this title, the term "Indian country", as used in this chapter, means (a) all land within the limits of any Indian reservation under the jurisdiction of the United States Government, notwithstanding the issuance of any patent, and, including rights-of-way running through the reservation, (b) all dependent Indian communities within the borders of the United States whether within the original or subsequently acquired territory thereof, and whether within or without the limits of a state, and (c) all Indian allotments, the Indian titles to which have not been extinguished, including rights-of-way running through the same. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 757 ; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, §25, 63 Stat. 94 .)

523. §1152 — Laws governing

524. §1153 — Offenses committed within Indian country

525. §1153 — Section 549 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., conferred special jurisdiction on the United States District Court for South Dakota of all crimes of murder, manslaughter, rape, assault with intent to kill, assault with a dangerous weapon, arson, burglary, and larceny committed within the limits of any Indian reservation within the State, whether by or against Indians or non-Indians. The Act of February 2, 1903 , 32 Stat. 793 , from which said section 549 was derived, accepted the cession by South Dakota of such jurisdiction.

526. §1154 — Intoxicants dispensed in Indian country

527. §1154 — Section 254 of title 25 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Indians, was omitted as covered by this section and section 1156 of this title . That section was enacted in 1934 and excluded from the Indian liquor laws lands outside reservations where the land was no longer held by Indians under a trust patent or a deed or patent containing restrictions against alienation. Such enactment was prior to the June 15, 1938 , amendment of section 241 of title 25 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Indians, in which the term “Indian country” was defined as including allotments where the title was held in trust by the Government or where it was inalienable without the consent of the United States. This provision, by implication, excluded cases where there was no trust or restriction on alienation and thereby achieved the same result as section 254 of title 25 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Indians. That amendment also repealed the act of Jan. 30, 1897 , referred to in section 254 of title 25 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Indians. Insofar as the reference in section 254 of said title to “special Indian liquor laws” included section 244 of title 25 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Indians, the definition of Indian country in section 1151 of this title covers section 254 of title 25 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Indians.

528. §1155 — Intoxicants dispensed on school site

529. §1156 — Intoxicants possessed unlawfully

530. §1158 — Counterfeiting Indian Arts and Crafts Board trade mark

531. §1159 — Misrepresentation of Indian produced goods and products

532. §1159 — Section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act ( 25 U.S.C. 450b ), referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(A), was classified to section 450b of Title 25 , Indians, prior to editorial reclassification as section 5304 of Title 25 .

533. §1160 — Property damaged in committing offense

534. §1161 — Application of Indian liquor laws

535. §1162 — State jurisdiction over offenses committed by or against Indians in the Indian country

536. §1163 — Embezzlement and theft from Indian tribal organizations

537. §1164 — Destroying boundary and warning signs

538. §1165 — Hunting, trapping, or fishing on Indian land

539. §1166 — Gambling in Indian country

540. §1167 — Theft from gaming establishments on Indian lands

541. §1168 — Theft by officers or employees of gaming establishments on Indian lands

542. §1169 — Reporting of child abuse

543. §1170 — Illegal trafficking in Native American human remains and cultural items

544. §1201 — Kidnapping

545. §1202 — Ransom money

546. §1203 — Hostage taking

547. §1204 — International parental kidnapping

548. §1231 — Transportation of strikebreakers

549. §1261 — Enforcement, regulations, and scope

550. §1262 — Transportation into State prohibiting sale

551. §1263 — Marks and labels on packages

552. §1264 — Delivery to consignee

553. §1265 — C.O.D. shipments prohibited

554. §1301 — Importing or transporting lottery tickets

555. §1302 — Mailing lottery tickets or related matter

556. §1303 — Postmaster or employee as lottery agent 1 1 Section catchline was not amended to conform to change made in the text by Pub. L. 91–375 .

557. §1304 — Broadcasting lottery information

558. §1305 — Fishing contests

559. §1306 — Participation by financial institutions

560. §1306 — Section 20 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, referred to in text, is classified to section 1829a of Title 12 .

561. §1306 — Section 5136A of the Revised Statutes of the United States, referred to in text, was renumbered section 5136B and a new section 5136A was added by Pub. L. 106–102, title I, § 121(a) , Nov. 12, 1999 , 113 Stat. 1373 . Sections 5136A and 5136B of the Revised Statutes are classified to sections 24a and 25a, respectively, of Title 12, Banks and Banking.

562. §1306 — Section 9A of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in text, is classified to section 339 of Title 12 .

563. §1307 — Exceptions relating to certain advertisements and other information and to State-conducted lotteries

564. §1307 — Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (d), is classified to section 501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

565. §1308 — Limitation of applicability

566. §1341 — Frauds and swindles Whoever, having devised or intending to devise any scheme or artifice to defraud, or for obtaining money or property by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises, or to sell, dispose of, loan, exchange, alter, give away, distribute, supply, or furnish or procure for unlawful use any counterfeit or spurious coin, obligation, security, or other article, or anything represented to be or intimated or held out to be such counterfeit or spurious article, for the purpose of executing such scheme or artifice or attempting so to do, places in any post office or authorized depository for mail matter, any matter or thing whatever to be sent or delivered by the Postal Service, or deposits or causes to be deposited any matter or thing whatever to be sent or delivered by any private or commercial interstate carrier, or takes or receives therefrom, any such matter or thing, or knowingly causes to be delivered by mail or such carrier according to the direction thereon, or at the place at which it is directed to be delivered by the person to whom it is addressed, any such matter or thing, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If the violation occurs in relation to, or involving any benefit authorized, transported, transmitted, transferred, disbursed, or paid in connection with, a presidentially declared major disaster or emergency (as those terms are defined in section 102 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5122)), or affects a financial institution, such person shall be fined not more than $1,000,000 or imprisoned not more than 30 years, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 763 ; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, §34, 63 Stat. 94 ; Pub. L. 91–375, §(6)(j)(11), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 778 ; Pub. L. 101–73, title IX, §961(i), Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 500 ; Pub. L. 101–647, title XXV, §2504(h), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4861 ; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXV, §250006, title XXXIII, §330016(1)(H), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2087 , 2147; Pub. L. 107–204, title IX, §903(a), July 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 805 ; Pub. L. 110–179, §4, Jan. 7, 2008, 121 Stat. 2557 .)

567. §1342 — Fictitious name or address

568. §1343 — Fraud by wire, radio, or television Whoever, having devised or intending to devise any scheme or artifice to defraud, or for obtaining money or property by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises, transmits or causes to be transmitted by means of wire, radio, or television communication in interstate or foreign commerce, any writings, signs, signals, pictures, or sounds for the purpose of executing such scheme or artifice, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If the violation occurs in relation to, or involving any benefit authorized, transported, transmitted, transferred, disbursed, or paid in connection with, a presidentially declared major disaster or emergency (as those terms are defined in section 102 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5122)), or affects a financial institution, such person shall be fined not more than $1,000,000 or imprisoned not more than 30 years, or both. (Added July 16, 1952, ch. 879, §18(a), 66 Stat. 722 ; amended July 11, 1956, ch. 561, 70 Stat. 523 ; Pub. L. 101–73, title IX, §961(j), Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 500 ; Pub. L. 101–647, title XXV, §2504(i), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4861 ; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, §330016(1)(H), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147 ; Pub. L. 107–204, title IX, §903(b), July 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 805 ; Pub. L. 110–179, §3, Jan. 7, 2008, 121 Stat. 2557 .)

569. §1344 — Bank fraud

570. §1345 — Injunctions against fraud

571. §1346 — Definition of "scheme or artifice to defraud" For the purposes of this chapter, the term "scheme or artifice to defraud" includes a scheme or artifice to deprive another of the intangible right of honest services. (Added Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, §7603(a), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4508 .)

572. §1347 — Health care fraud

573. §1348 — Securities and commodities fraud

574. §1349 — Attempt and conspiracy

575. §1350 — Failure of corporate officers to certify financial reports

576. §1351 — Fraud in foreign labor contracting

577. §1352 — Demands by foreign officials for bribes

578. §1361 — Government property or contracts

579. §1362 — Communication lines, stations or systems

580. §1363 — Buildings or property within special maritime and territorial jurisdiction

581. §1364 — Interference with foreign commerce by violence

582. §1365 — Tampering with consumer products

583. §1366 — Destruction of an energy facility

584. §1367 — Interference with the operation of a satellite

585. §1368 — Harming animals used in law enforcement

586. §1369 — Destruction of veterans’ memorials

587. §1381 — Enticing desertion and harboring deserters

588. §1382 — Entering military, naval, or Coast Guard property

589. §1384 — Prostitution near military and naval establishments

590. §1385 — Use of Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Space Force as posse comitatus

591. §1386 — Keys and keyways used in security applications by the Department of Defense

592. §1387 — Demonstrations at cemeteries under the control of the National Cemetery Administration and at Arlington National Cemetery

593. §1388 — Prohibition on disruptions of funerals of members or former members of the Armed Forces

594. §1389 — Prohibition on attacks on United States servicemen on account of service

595. §1421 — Accounts of court officers

596. §1422 — Fees in naturalization proceedings

597. §1423 — Misuse of evidence of citizenship or naturalization

598. §1424 — Personation or misuse of papers in naturalization proceedings

599. §1425 — Procurement of citizenship or naturalization unlawfully

600. §1426 — Reproduction of naturalization or citizenship papers

601. §1427 — Sale of naturalization or citizenship papers

602. §1428 — Surrender of canceled naturalization certificate

603. §1429 — Penalties for neglect or refusal to answer subpena

604. §1460 — Possession with intent to sell, and sale, of obscene matter on Federal property

605. §1461 — Mailing obscene or crime-inciting matter Every obscene, lewd, lascivious, indecent, filthy or vile article, matter, thing, device, or substance; and- Every article or thing designed, adapted, or intended for producing abortion, or for any indecent or immoral use; and Every article, instrument, substance, drug, medicine, or thing which is advertised or described in a manner calculated to lead another to use or apply it for producing abortion, or for any indecent or immoral purpose; and Every written or printed card, letter, circular, book, pamphlet, advertisement, or notice of any kind giving information, directly or indirectly, where, or how, or from whom, or by what means any of such mentioned matters, articles, or things may be obtained or made, or where or by whom any act or operation of any kind for the procuring or producing of abortion will be done or performed, or how or by what means abortion may be produced, whether sealed or unsealed; and Every paper, writing, advertisement, or representation that any article, instrument, substance, drug, medicine, or thing may, or can, be used or applied for producing abortion, or for any indecent or immoral purpose; and Every description calculated to induce or incite a person to so use or apply any such article, instrument, substance, drug, medicine, or thing- Is declared to be nonmailable matter and shall not be conveyed in the mails or delivered from any post office or by any letter carrier. Whoever knowingly uses the mails for the mailing, carriage in the mails, or delivery of anything declared by this section or section 3001(e) of title 39 to be nonmailable, or knowingly causes to be delivered by mail according to the direction thereon, or at the place at which it is directed to be delivered by the person to whom it is addressed, or knowingly takes any such thing from the mails for the purpose of circulating or disposing thereof, or of aiding in the circulation or disposition thereof, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five years, or both, for the first such offense, and shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both, for each such offense thereafter. The term "indecent", as used in this section includes matter of a character tending to incite arson, murder, or assassination. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 768 ; June 28, 1955, ch. 190, §§1, 2, 69 Stat. 183 ; Pub. L. 85–796, §1, Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 962 ; Pub. L. 91–662, §§3, 5(b), 6(3), Jan. 8, 1971, 84 Stat. 1973 , 1974; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, §330016(1)(K), (L), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147 .)

606. §1462 — Importation or transportation of obscene matters

607. §1462 — Section 230(e)(2) of the Communications Act of 1934, referred to in text, was redesignated section 230(f)(2) of the Communications Act of 1934 by Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title XIV, § 1404(a)(2) , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–739 , and is classified to section 230(f)(2) of Title 47 , Telecommunications.

608. §1463 — Mailing indecent matter on wrappers or envelopes

609. §1464 — Broadcasting obscene language Whoever utters any obscene, indecent, or profane language by means of radio communication shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than two years, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 769 ; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, §330016(1)(L), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147 .)

610. §1465 — Production and transportation of obscene matters for sale or distribution

611. §1465 — Section 230(e)(2) of the Communications Act of 1934, referred to in text, was redesignated section 230(f)(2) of the Communications Act of 1934 by Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title XIV, § 1404(a)(2) , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–739 , and is classified to section 230(f)(2) of Title 47 , Telecommunications.

612. §1466 — Engaging in the business of selling or transferring obscene matter

613. § 1466A. Obscene visual representations of the sexual abuse of children

614. §1467 — Criminal forfeiture

615. §1468 — Distributing obscene material by cable or subscription television

616. §1469 — Presumptions

617. §1470 — Transfer of obscene material to minors

618. §1501 — Assault on process server

619. §1502 — Resistance to extradition agent

620. §1503 — Influencing or injuring officer or juror generally

621. §1504 — Influencing juror by writing

622. §1505 — Obstruction of proceedings before departments, agencies, and committees

623. §1506 — Theft or alteration of record or process; false bail

624. §1507 — Picketing or parading

625. §1508 — Recording, listening to, or observing proceedings of grand or petit juries while deliberating or voting

626. §1509 — Obstruction of court orders

627. §1510 — Obstruction of criminal investigations

628. §1511 — Obstruction of State or local law enforcement

629. §1512 — Tampering with a witness, victim, or an informant (a)(1) Whoever kills or attempts to kill another person, with intent to-

630. §1513 — Retaliating against a witness, victim, or an informant

631. §1514 — Civil action to restrain harassment of a victim or witness

632. § 1514A. Civil action to protect against retaliation in fraud cases

633. §1515 — Definitions for certain provisions; general provision

634. §1516 — Obstruction of Federal audit

635. §1517 — Obstructing examination of financial institution

636. §1518 — Obstruction of criminal investigations of health care offenses

637. §1519 — Destruction, alteration, or falsification of records in Federal investigations and bankruptcy

638. §1520 — Destruction of corporate audit records

639. §1521 — Retaliating against a Federal judge or Federal law enforcement officer by false claim or slander of title

640. §1531 — Partial-birth abortions prohibited

641. §1541 — Issuance without authority

642. §1542 — False statement in application and use of passport

643. §1543 — Forgery or false use of passport Whoever falsely makes, forges, counterfeits, mutilates, or alters any passport or instrument purporting to be a passport, with intent that the same may be used; or Whoever willfully and knowingly uses, or attempts to use, or furnishes to another for use any such false, forged, counterfeited, mutilated, or altered passport or instrument purporting to be a passport, or any passport validly issued which has become void by the occurrence of any condition therein prescribed invalidating the same- Shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 25 years (if the offense was committed to facilitate an act of international terrorism (as defined in section 2331 of this title)), 20 years (if the offense was committed to facilitate a drug trafficking crime (as defined in section 929(a) of this title)), 10 years (in the case of the first or second such offense, if the offense was not committed to facilitate such an act of international terrorism or a drug trafficking crime), or 15 years (in the case of any other offense), or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 771 ; Pub. L. 103–322, title XIII, §130009(a)(2), title XXXIII, §330016(1)(I), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2030 , 2147; Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title II, §211(a)(2), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–569 ; Pub. L. 107–273, div. B, title IV, §4002(a)(3), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1806 .)

644. §1544 — Misuse of passport

645. §1545 — Safe conduct violation

646. §1546 — Fraud and misuse of visas, permits, and other documents

647. §1547 — Alternative imprisonment maximum for certain offenses

648. §1581 — Peonage; obstructing enforcement

649. §1582 — Vessels for slave trade

650. §1583 — Enticement into slavery

651. §1584 — Sale into involuntary servitude

652. §1585 — Seizure, detention, transportation or sale of slaves

653. §1586 — Service on vessels in slave trade

654. §1587 — Possession of slaves aboard vessel

655. §1588 — Transportation of slaves from United States

656. §1589 — Forced labor

657. §1590 — Trafficking with respect to peonage, slavery, involuntary servitude, or forced labor

658. §1591 — Sex trafficking of children or by force, fraud, or coercion

659. §1592 — Section 103 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, referred to in subsecs. (a)(3) and (b), is classified to section 7102 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

660. §1592 — Unlawful conduct with respect to documents in furtherance of trafficking, peonage, slavery, involuntary servitude, or forced labor

661. §1593 — Mandatory restitution

662. § 1593A. Benefitting financially from peonage, slavery, and trafficking in persons

663. §1594 — General provisions

664. §1595 — Civil remedy

665. § 1595A. Civil injunctions

666. §1596 — Additional jurisdiction in certain trafficking offenses

667. §1597 — Unlawful conduct with respect to immigration documents

668. §1621 — Perjury generally Whoever-

669. §1622 — Subornation of perjury

670. §1623 — False declarations before grand jury or court

671. §1651 — Piracy under law of nations

672. §1652 — Citizens as pirates

673. §1653 — Aliens as pirates

674. §1654 — Arming or serving on privateers

675. §1655 — Assault on commander as piracy

676. §1656 — Conversion or surrender of vessel

677. §1657 — Corruption of seamen and confederating with pirates

678. §1658 — Plunder of distressed vessel

679. §1659 — Attack to plunder vessel

680. §1660 — Receipt of pirate property

681. §1661 — Robbery ashore

682. §1691 — Laws governing postal savings All the safeguards provided by law for the protection of public moneys, and all statutes relating to the embezzlement, conversion, improper handling, retention, use, or disposal of postal and money-order funds, false returns of postal and money-order business, forgery, counterfeiting, alteration, improper use or handling of postal and money-order blanks, forms, vouchers, accounts, and records, and the dies, plates, and engravings therefor, with the punishments provided for such offenses are extended and made applicable to postal savings depository business and funds and related matters. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 776 .)

683. §1692 — Foreign mail as United States mail

684. §1693 — Carriage of mail generally

685. §1694 — Carriage of matter out of mail over post routes

686. §1695 — Carriage of matter out of mail on vessels

687. §1696 — Private express for letters and packets

688. §1697 — Transportation of persons acting as private express

689. §1698 — Prompt delivery of mail from vessel

690. §1699 — Certification of delivery from vessel

691. §1700 — Desertion of mails

692. §1701 — Obstruction of mails generally

693. §1702 — Obstruction of correspondence

694. §1702 — Section 317 of said title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., was incorporated in this and section 1708 of this title .

695. §1703 — Delay or destruction of mail or newspapers

696. §1704 — Keys or locks stolen or reproduced

697. §1705 — Destruction of letter boxes or mail

698. §1706 — Injury to mail bags

699. §1707 — Theft of property used by Postal Service

700. §1708 — Theft or receipt of stolen mail matter gen­erally

701. §1709 — Theft of mail matter by officer or employee

702. §1710 — Theft of newspapers

703. §1711 — Misappropriation of postal funds

704. §1712 — Falsification of postal returns to increase compensation

705. §1713 — Issuance of money orders without payment

706. §1715 — Firearms as nonmailable; regulations

707. §1716 — Injurious articles as nonmailable

708. § 1716A. Nonmailable locksmithing devices and motor vehicle master keys

709. § 1716B. Nonmailable plants

710. § 1716C. Forged agricultural certifications

711. § 1716D. Nonmailable injurious animals, plant pests, plants, and illegally taken fish, wildlife, and plants

712. Section 1 of the Act of October 19, 1949 , commonly referred to as the Jenkins Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is classified to section 375 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

713. Section 2A(e) of the Jenkins Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), is classified to section 376a of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

714. Section 3(d) of the Prevent All Cigarette Trafficking Act of 2009, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(B)(ii)(V), is unidentifiable because section 3 of that Act, Pub. L. 111–154 , Mar. 31, 2010 , 124 Stat. 1103 , does not contain a subsec. (d).

715. § 1716E. Tobacco products as nonmailable

716. §1717 — Letters and writings as nonmailable

717. §1717 — Section 346 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., defining “United States” was omitted. It is incorporated, however, in section 5 of this title .

718. §1719 — Franking privilege

719. §1720 — Canceled stamps and envelopes

720. §1721 — Sale or pledge of stamps

721. §1722 — False evidence to secure second-class rate

722. §1723 — Avoidance of postage by using lower class matter

723. §1724 — Postage on mail delivered by foreign vessels

724. §1725 — Postage unpaid on deposited mail matter

725. §1726 — Postage collected unlawfully

726. §1728 — Weight of mail increased fraudulently

727. §1729 — Post office conducted without authority

728. §1730 — Uniforms of carriers

729. §1731 — Vehicles falsely labeled as carriers

730. §1732 — Approval of bond or sureties by postmaster

731. §1733 — Mailing periodical publications without prepayment of postage

732. §1734 — Editorials and other matter as “advertisements”

733. §1735 — Sexually oriented advertisements

734. §1736 — Restrictive use of information

735. §1737 — Manufacturer of sexually related mail matter

736. §1751 — Presidential and Presidential staff assassination, kidnapping, and assault; penalties

737. §1752 — Restricted building or grounds

738. §1761 — Transportation or importation

739. §1762 — Marking packages

740. §1791 — Providing or possessing contraband in prison

741. §1792 — Mutiny and riot prohibited

742. §1793 — Trespass on Bureau of Prisons reservations and land

743. §1801 — Video voyeurism

744. §1831 — Economic espionage

745. §1832 — Theft of trade secrets

746. §1833 — Exceptions to prohibitions

747. §1834 — Criminal forfeiture

748. §1835 — Orders to preserve confidentiality

749. §1836 — Civil proceedings

750. §1837 — Applicability to conduct outside the United States

751. §1838 — Construction with other laws

752. §1839 — Definitions

753. §1841 — Protection of unborn children

754. §1841 — Section 202 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 ( 42 U.S.C. 2283 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(3), probably means section 235 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, act Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, title I , as added by Pub. L. 96–295, title II, § 202(a) , June 30, 1980 , 94 Stat. 786 , which is classified to section 2283 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare. Section 202 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, which related to the authority of the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, was classified to section 2252 of Title 42 and was repealed by act Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, title I, § 302(a) , as added Pub. L. 95–110, § 1 , Sept. 20, 1977 , 91 Stat. 884 ; renumbered title I, Pub. L. 102–486, title IX, § 902(a)(8) , Oct. 24, 1992 , 106 Stat. 2944 .

755. §1851 — Coal depredations

756. §1852 — Timber removed or transported

757. §1853 — Trees cut or injured

758. §1854 — Trees boxed for pitch or turpentine

759. §1855 — Timber set afire

760. §1856 — Fires left unattended and unextinguished

761. §1857 — Fences destroyed; livestock entering

762. §1858 — Survey marks destroyed or removed

763. §1859 — Surveys interrupted

764. §1860 — Bids at land sales

765. §1861 — Deception of prospective purchasers

766. §1863 — Trespass on national forest lands

767. §1864 — Hazardous or injurious devices on Federal lands

768. §1865 — National Park Service

769. §1866 — Historic, archeologic, or prehistoric items and antiquities

770. §1901 — Collecting or disbursing officer trading in public property

771. §1902 — Disclosure of crop information and speculation thereon

772. §1903 — Speculation in stocks or commodities affecting crop insurance

773. §1905 — Disclosure of confidential information generally

774. §1906 — Disclosure of information from a bank examination report

775. §1906 — Section 1(b) of the International Banking Act of 1978, referred to in text, is classified to section 3101 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

776. §1906 — Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in text, is classified to subchapter I (§ 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12. Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is classified to subchapter II (§ 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, was renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 142(e)(2) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2281 .

777. §1906 — Section 3(s) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, referred to in text, is classified to section 1813(s) of Title 12 .

778. §1907 — Disclosure of information by farm credit examiner

779. §1907 — Section 1124 of title 12 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Banks and Banking, which was taken from a chapter in that title dealing with Federal intermediate credit banks, also relates to farm credit examiners as is indicated by section 1093 thereof. Even so, it was deemed advisable to retain the reference to any examiner “public or private,” as used in said section 1124.

780. §1907 — Section 983 of title 12 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Banks and Banking, does not include the term “farm credit examiner,” as used in this section, but it relates thereto as is indicated by sections 951 and 952 of said title.

781. §1909 — Examiner performing other services

782. §1909 — Section 594 of title 12 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Banks and Banking, first paragraph, related to national-bank examiners and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation examiners, and provided punishment for several offenses including the offense of performing services, for compensation, other than their regular duties. Section 656a of said title 12 is authority for the designation “farm credit examiner” included in this section, and section 1093 of said title authorizes farm credit examiners to conduct examinations in connection with contemplated transactions of Federal intermediate credit banks, to which section 1124 of said title relates.

783. §1910 — Nepotism in appointment of receiver or trustee

784. §1911 — Receiver mismanaging property

785. §1912 — Unauthorized fees for inspection of vessels

786. §1913 — Lobbying with appropriated moneys

787. §1915 — Compromise of customs liabilities

788. §1916 — Unauthorized employment and disposition of lapsed appropriations

789. §1917 — Interference with civil service examinations

790. §1918 — Disloyalty and asserting the right to strike against the Government

791. §1919 — False statement to obtain unemployment compensation for Federal service

792. §1920 — False statement or fraud to obtain Federal employees’ compensation

793. §1922 — False or withheld report concerning Federal employees’ compensation

794. §1923 — Fraudulent receipt of payments of missing persons

795. §1924 — Unauthorized removal and retention of classified documents or material

796. §1951 — Interference with commerce by threats or violence

797. §1952 — Interstate and foreign travel or transportation in aid of racketeering enterprises

798. §1952 — Section 102(6) of the Controlled Substances Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(i)(1), is classified to section 802(6) of Title 21 , Food and Drugs.

799. §1953 — Interstate transportation of wagering paraphernalia

800. §1954 — Offer, acceptance, or solicitation to influence operations of employee benefit plan

801. §1954 — Section 3(4) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, referred to in text, is classified to section 1002(4) of Title 29 .

802. §1955 — Prohibition of illegal gambling businesses

803. §1956 — Laundering of monetary instruments (a)(1) Whoever, knowing that the property involved in a financial transaction represents the proceeds of some form of unlawful activity, conducts or attempts to conduct such a financial transaction which in fact involves the proceeds of specified unlawful activity- (A)(i) with the intent to promote the carrying on of specified unlawful activity; or

804. §1957 — Engaging in monetary transactions in property derived from specified unlawful activity

805. §1958 — Use of interstate commerce facilities in the commission of murder-for-hire

806. §1959 — Violent crimes in aid of racketeering activity

807. §1960 — Prohibition of unlicensed money transmitting businesses

808. §1961 — Definitions As used in this chapter-

809. §1962 — Prohibited activities

810. §1963 — Criminal penalties

811. §1964 — Civil remedies

812. §1965 — Venue and process

813. §1966 — Expedition of actions

814. §1967 — Evidence

815. §1968 — Civil investigative demand

816. §1991 — Entering train to commit crime

817. §1992 — Section 5302 of title 49 , referred to in subsec. (d)(7), was amended generally by Pub. L. 112–141, div. B, § 20004 , July 6, 2012 , 126 Stat. 623 , and, as so amended, no longer defines the term “mass transportation”.

818. §1992 — Terrorist attacks and other violence against railroad carriers and against mass transportation systems on land, on water, or through the air

819. §2071 — Concealment, removal, or mutilation generally

820. §2072 — False crop reports

821. §2073 — False entries and reports of moneys or securities

822. §2074 — False weather reports

823. §2075 — Officer failing to make returns or reports

824. §2076 — Clerk of United States District Court

825. §2101 — Riots

826. §2102 — Definitions

827. §2111 — Special maritime and territorial jurisdiction

828. §2112 — Personal property of United States

829. §2113 — Bank robbery and incidental crimes

830. §2114 — Mail, money, or other property of United States

831. §2115 — Post office

832. §2116 — Railway or steamboat post office

833. §2117 — Breaking or entering carrier facilities

834. §2118 — Robberies and burglaries involving controlled substances

835. §2118 — Section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), is classified to section 802 of Title 21 , Food and Drugs.

836. §2119 — Motor vehicles

837. §2151 — Definitions

838. §2152 — Fortifications, harbor defenses, or defensive sea areas

839. §2153 — Destruction of war material, war premises, or war utilities

840. §2154 — Production of defective war material, war premises, or war utilities

841. §2155 — Destruction of national-defense materials, national-defense premises, or national-defense utilities

842. §2156 — Production of defective national-defense material, national-defense premises, or national-defense utilities

843. §2191 — Cruelty to seamen

844. §2192 — Incitation of seamen to revolt or mutiny

845. §2193 — Revolt or mutiny of seamen

846. §2194 — Shanghaiing sailors

847. §2195 — Abandonment of sailors

848. §2196 — Drunkenness or neglect of duty by seamen

849. §2197 — Misuse of Federal certificate, license or document

850. §2199 — Stowaways on vessels or aircraft

851. §2231 — Assault or resistance

852. §2231 — Section 253 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., enumerated United States marshals, deputies, and assistants, Federal Bureau of Investigation agents, and numerous other officers, the killing of whom is denounced as a Federal offense.

853. §2231 — Section 254 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., denounced the assaulting of such officers and prescribed punishment therefor without regard to nature of duties involved or performed.

854. §2232 — Destruction or removal of property to prevent seizure

855. §2233 — Rescue of seized property

856. §2234 — Authority exceeded in executing warrant

857. §2235 — Search warrant procured maliciously

858. §2236 — Searches without warrant

859. §2237 — Criminal sanctions for failure to heave to, obstruction of boarding, or providing false information

860. §2237 — Section 274 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(4), is classified to section 1324 of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

861. §2241 — Aggravated sexual abuse

862. §2242 — Sexual abuse

863. §2243 — Sexual abuse of a minor, a ward, or an individual in Federal custody

864. §2244 — Abusive sexual contact

865. §2245 — Offenses resulting in death

866. §2246 — Definitions for chapter

867. §2247 — Repeat offenders

868. §2248 — Mandatory restitution

869. §2250 — Failure to register

870. §2251 — Sexual exploitation of children

871. § 2251A. Selling or buying of children

872. §2252 — Certain activities relating to material involving the sexual exploitation of minors

873. § 2252A. Certain activities relating to material constituting or containing child pornography

874. § 2252B. Misleading domain names on the Internet

875. § 2252C. Misleading words or digital images on the Internet

876. §2253 — Criminal forfeiture

877. §2253 — Section 413 of the Controlled Substances Act ( 21 U.S.C. 853 ) with the exception of subsections (a) and (d), applies to the criminal forfeiture of property pursuant to subsection (a).

878. §2254 — Civil forfeiture

879. §2255 — Civil remedy for personal injuries

880. §2256 — Definitions for chapter For the purposes of this chapter, the term-

881. §2257 — Record keeping requirements

882. § 2257A. Record keeping requirements for simulated sexual conduct

883. §2258 — Failure to report child abuse

884. §2258 — Section 226 of the Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990, referred to in text, is classified to section 20341 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

885. § 2258A. Reporting requirements of providers

886. § 2258B. Limited liability for the reporting, storage, and handling of certain visual depictions of apparent child pornography to the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children

887. § 2258C. Use to combat child pornography of technical elements relating to reports made to the CyberTipline

888. § 2258D. Limited liability for NCMEC

889. § 2258E. Definitions

890. Section 1101 of the Internet Tax Freedom Act, referred to in par. (4), is section 1101 of title XI of div. C of Pub. L. 105–277 , which is set out in a note under section 151 of Title 47 , Telecommunications.

891. §2259 — Mandatory restitution

892. § 2259A. Assessments in child pornography cases

893. § 2259B. Child pornography victims reserve

894. §2260 — Production of sexually explicit depictions of a minor for importation into the United States

895. § 2260A. Penalties for registered sex offenders

896. §2261 — Interstate domestic violence

897. § 2261A. Stalking

898. § 2261B. Enhanced penalty for stalkers of children

899. §2262 — Interstate violation of protection order

900. §2263 — Pretrial release of defendant

901. §2264 — Restitution

902. §2265 — Full faith and credit given to protection orders

903. § 2265A. Repeat offenders

904. §2266 — Definitions

905. §2271 — Conspiracy to destroy vessels

906. §2272 — Destruction of vessel by owner

907. §2273 — Destruction of vessel by nonowner

908. §2274 — Destruction or misuse of vessel by person in charge

909. §2275 — Firing or tampering with vessels

910. §2276 — Breaking and entering vessel

911. §2277 — Explosives or dangerous weapons aboard vessels

912. §2277 — Section 191 of Title 50 , referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated and transferred to section 70051 of Title 46 , Shipping, by Pub. L. 115–282, title IV, § 407(b)(1) , (5), Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4267 .

913. §2278 — Explosives on vessels carrying steerage passengers

914. §2278 — Section 151 of Title 46 , referred to in text, which was based on section 1 of act Aug. 2, 1882, ch. 374 , 22 Stat. 186 , was repealed by Pub. L. 98–89 , Aug. 26, 1983 , § 4(b), 97 Stat. 599 .

915. §2279 — Boarding vessels before arrival

916. §2280 — Section 831(f)(3) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(8), was redesignated section 831(g)(3) by Pub. L. 114–23, title VIII, § 812(d) , June 2, 2015 , 129 Stat. 312 .

917. §2280 — Violence against maritime navigation

918. § 2280a. Violence against maritime navigation and maritime transport involving weapons of mass destruction

919. §2281 — Violence against maritime fixed platforms

920. § 2281a. Additional offenses against maritime fixed platforms

921. § 2282A. Devices or dangerous substances in waters of the United States likely to destroy or damage ships or to interfere with maritime commerce

922. Section 81 of title 14 , referred to in text, was redesignated section 541 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 105(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4200 , and references to section 81 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

923. § 2282B. Violence against aids to maritime navigation

924. §2283 — Section 831(f)(1), referred to in subsec. (c)(5), was redesignated section 831(g)(1) by Pub. L. 114–23, title VIII, § 812(d) , June 2, 2015 , 129 Stat. 312 .

925. §2283 — Transportation of explosive, biological, chemical, or radioactive or nuclear materials

926. §2284 — Transportation of terrorists

927. §2285 — Operation of submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel without nationality

928. §2290 — Jurisdiction and scope

929. §2290 — Section 2 of the Maritime Drug Law Enforcement Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(C), probably means section 3 of the Maritime Drug Law Enforcement Act, Pub. L. 96–350 , which was classified to section 1903 of former Title 46, Appendix, Shipping, and was repealed and restated in sections 70502 to 70506 of Title 46, Shipping, by Pub. L. 109–304 , §§ 10(2), 19, Oct. 6, 2006 , 120 Stat. 1683 , 1710. Section 70502(b) of Title 46 defines “vessel of the United States”.

930. §2291 — Destruction of vessel or maritime facility

931. §2292 — Imparting or conveying false information

932. §2293 — Bar to prosecution

933. §2311 — Definitions

934. §2312 — Transportation of stolen vehicles

935. §2313 — Sale or receipt of stolen vehicles

936. §2314 — Section 413 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., providing the short title “National Stolen Property Act,” was omitted as not appropriate in a revision.

937. §2314 — Section 414 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., containing definitions of “interstate or foreign commerce,” “securities,” and “money,” is incorporated in sections 10 and 2311 of this title.

938. §2314 — Section 417 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., relating to indictments and determination of “value” of goods, wares, merchandise, securities, and money referred to in indictments, is also incorporated in section 2311 of this title .

939. §2314 — Section 418 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., relating to venue, was omitted as completely covered by section 3237 of this title .

940. §2314 — Section 418a of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., relating to conspiracy, was omitted as covered by section 371 of this title , the general conspiracy section.

941. §2314 — Section 419 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., providing that nothing contained in the National Stolen Property Act should be construed to repeal, modify, or amend any part of the National Motor Vehicle Theft Act, was omitted as unnecessary, in view of this revision and reenactment of the provisions of the latter act (sections 10, 2311–2313 of this title).

942. §2314 — Transportation of stolen goods, securities, moneys, fraudulent State tax stamps, or articles used in counterfeiting

943. §2315 — Sale or receipt of stolen goods, securities, moneys, or fraudulent State tax stamps

944. §2316 — Transportation of livestock

945. §2317 — Sale or receipt of livestock

946. §2318 — Trafficking in counterfeit labels, illicit labels, or counterfeit documentation or packaging

947. §2319 — Criminal infringement of a copyright

948. Section 2320 of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(2), was amended generally by Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title VIII, § 818(h) , Dec. 31, 2011 , 125 Stat. 1497 , and, as so amended, provisions similar to those formerly appearing in subsec. (e) are now contained in subsec. (f).

949. § 2319A. Unauthorized fixation of and trafficking in sound recordings and music videos of live musical performances

950. § 2319B. Unauthorized recording of Motion pictures in a Motion picture exhibition facility

951. § 2319C. Illicit digital transmission services

952. §2320 — Trafficking in counterfeit goods or services

953. §2321 — Trafficking in certain motor vehicles or motor vehicle parts

954. §2322 — Chop shops

955. §2323 — Forfeiture, destruction, and restitution

956. §2325 — Definition

957. §2326 — Enhanced penalties

958. §2327 — Mandatory restitution

959. §2328 — Mandatory forfeiture

960. §2331 — Definitions

961. §2331 — Section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in par. (2), is classified to section 1101(a)(22) of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

962. §2332 — Criminal penalties

963. § 2332a. Use of weapons of mass destruction

964. § 2332b. Acts of terrorism transcending national boundaries

965. Section 1010A of the Controlled Substances Import and Export Act, referred to in subsec. (g)(5)(B)(iv), is classified to section 960a of Title 21 , Food and Drugs.

966. Section 1365(g)(3), referred to in subsec. (g)(3), was redesignated section 1365(h)(3) by Pub. L. 107–307, § 2(1) , Dec. 2, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2445 .

967. § 2332d. Financial transactions

968. Section 6(j) of the Export Administration Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (a), was classified to section 2405(j) of the former Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as section 4605(j) of Title 50 , and was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . For provisions similar to those of former section 4605(j) of Title 50 , see section 4813(c) of Title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

969. § 2332e. Requests for military assistance to enforce prohibition in certain emergencies

970. Section 382 of title 10 , referred to in text, was renumbered section 282 of title 10 , Armed Forces, by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

971. § 2332f. Bombings of places of public use, government facilities, public transportation systems and infrastructure facilities

972. Section 1365(g)(3), referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was redesignated section 1365(h)(3) by Pub. L. 107–307, § 2(1) , Dec. 2, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2445 .

973. § 2332g. Missile systems designed to destroy aircraft

974. § 2332h. Radiological dispersal devices

975. § 2332i. Acts of nuclear terrorism

976. Section 1502(19) of title 33 , referred to in subsec. (e)(13), probably should be a reference to section 3(19) of the Deepwater Port Act of 1974, which is classified to section 1502(19) of Title 33 , Navigation and Navigable Waters.

977. Section 831(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(3), (7), (9), was redesignated section 831(g) by Pub. L. 114–23, title VIII, § 812(d) , June 2, 2015 , 129 Stat. 312 .

978. §2333 — Civil remedies

979. §2333 — Section 201 of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (e), is section 201 of Pub. L. 107–297 , of which subsecs. (a), (b), and (d) are set out as a note under section 1610 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure. For complete classification of section 201 to the Code, see Tables.

980. §2334 — Jurisdiction and venue

981. §2335 — Limitation of actions

982. §2336 — Other limitations

983. §2337 — Suits against Government officials

984. §2338 — Exclusive Federal jurisdiction

985. §2339 — Harboring or concealing terrorists

986. § 2339A. Providing material support to terrorists

987. § 2339B. Providing material support or resources to designated foreign terrorist organizations

988. Section 1(a) of the Classified Information Procedures Act, referred to in subsec. (g)(1), is section 1(a) of Pub. L. 95–456 , which is set out in the Appendix to this title.

989. Section 140(d)(2) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is classified to section 2656f(d)(2) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

990. Section 212(a)(3)(B) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (j), is classified to section 1182(a)(3)(B) of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

991. Section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsec. (g)(6), is classified to section 1189 of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

992. § 2339C. Prohibitions against the financing of terrorism

993. Section 1365(g)(3), referred to in subsec. (e)(11), was redesignated section 1365(h)(3) by Pub. L. 107–307, § 2(1) , Dec. 2, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2445 .

994. § 2339D. Receiving military-type training from a foreign terrorist organization

995. Section 140(d)(2) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 2656f(d)(2) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

996. §2340 — Definitions

997. § 2340A. Torture

998. § 2340B. Exclusive remedies

999. §2341 — Chapter 52 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in pars. (2)(A) and (7)(A), is classified generally to chapter 52 (§ 5701 et seq.) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

1000. §2341 — Definitions

1001. §2342 — Unlawful acts

1002. §2343 — Recordkeeping, reporting, and inspection

1003. §2344 — Penalties

1004. §2345 — Effect on State and local law

1005. §2346 — Chapter 52 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is classified generally to chapter 52 (§ 5701 et seq.) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

1006. §2346 — Enforcement and regulations

1007. §2381 — Treason

1008. §2382 — Misprision of treason

1009. §2383 — Rebellion or insurrection

1010. §2384 — Seditious conspiracy

1011. §2385 — Advocating overthrow of Government

1012. §2386 — Registration of certain organizations

1013. §2387 — Activities affecting armed forces generally

1014. §2388 — Activities affecting armed forces during war

1015. §2389 — Recruiting for service against United States

1016. §2390 — Enlistment to serve against United States

1017. §2421 — Transportation generally

1018. § 2421A. Promotion or facilitation of prostitution and reckless disregard of sex trafficking

1019. §2422 — Coercion and enticement

1020. §2423 — Transportation of minors

1021. §2424 — Filing factual statement about alien individual

1022. §2425 — Use of interstate facilities to transmit information about a minor

1023. §2426 — Repeat offenders

1024. §2427 — Inclusion of offenses relating to child pornography in definition of sexual activity for which any person can be charged with a criminal offense

1025. §2428 — Forfeitures

1026. §2429 — Mandatory restitution

1027. §2441 — War crimes

1028. §2442 — Recruitment or use of child soldiers

1029. §2510 — Definitions

1030. §2510 — Section 3 of the Communications Act of 1934, referred to in par. (10), is classified to section 153 of Title 47 , Telecommunications.

1031. §2511 — Interception and disclosure of wire, oral, or electronic communications prohibited

1032. §2512 — Manufacture, distribution, possession, and advertising of wire, oral, or electronic communication intercepting devices prohibited

1033. §2513 — Confiscation of wire, oral, or electronic communication intercepting devices

1034. §2515 — Prohibition of use as evidence of intercepted wire or oral communications

1035. §2516 — Authorization for interception of wire, oral, or electronic communications

1036. §2516 — Section 5861 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in par. (1)( o ), is classified to section 5861 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1037. §2517 — Authorization for disclosure and use of intercepted wire, oral, or electronic communications

1038. §2518 — Procedure for interception of wire, oral, or electronic communications

1039. §2519 — Reports concerning intercepted wire, oral, or electronic communications

1040. §2520 — Recovery of civil damages authorized

1041. §2521 — Injunction against illegal interception

1042. §2522 — Enforcement of the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act

1043. §2523 — Executive agreements on access to data by foreign governments

1044. §2701 — Unlawful access to stored communications

1045. §2702 — Voluntary disclosure of customer communications or records

1046. §2703 — Required disclosure of customer communications or records

1047. §2704 — Backup preservation

1048. §2705 — Delayed notice

1049. §2706 — Cost reimbursement

1050. §2707 — Civil action

1051. §2708 — Exclusivity of remedies

1052. §2709 — Counterintelligence access to telephone toll and transactional records

1053. §2710 — Wrongful disclosure of video tape rental or sale records

1054. §2711 — Definitions for chapter

1055. §2712 — Civil actions against the United States

1056. §2713 — Required preservation and disclosure of communications and records

1057. §2721 — Prohibition on release and use of certain personal information from State motor vehicle records

1058. §2722 — Additional unlawful acts

1059. §2723 — Penalties

1060. §2724 — Civil action

1061. §2725 — Definitions

1062. §2725 — Section 106(5) of Public Law 106–229 , referred to in par. (5), is classified to section 7006(5) of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

1063. §3001 — Procedure governed by rules; scope, purpose and effect; definition of terms; local rules; forms—(Rule)

1064. §3002 — Courts always open—(Rule)

1065. §3003 — Calendars—(Rule)

1066. §3004 — Decorum in court room—(Rule)

1067. §3005 — Counsel and witnesses in capital cases

1068. §3006 — Assignment of counsel-(Rule) See Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure Appointment by court, rule 44. Accused to be informed of right to counsel, rules 5 and 44. (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 814 .)

1069. § 3006A. Adequate representation of defendants

1070. Section 5305 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–509, title V, § 529 [title I, § 101(a)(1)] , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1427 , 1436, and, as so amended, does not relate to adjustments in the rate of pay under the General Schedule. See section 5303 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

1071. §3007 — Motions—(Rule)

1072. §3008 — Service and filing of papers—(Rule)

1073. §3009 — Records—(Rule)

1074. §3010 — Exceptions unnecessary—(Rule)

1075. §3011 — Computation of time—(Rule)

1076. §3013 — Special assessment on convicted persons

1077. §3014 — Additional special assessment

1078. §3014 — Section 101(d) of division G of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024, referred to in subsec. (h)(4), is section 101(d) of Pub. L. 118–42 , div. G, title I, Mar. 9, 2024 , 138 Stat. 398 , which related to application of amounts appropriated pursuant to the amendments made by that section and is not classified to the Code.

1079. §3014 — Section 101(d) of the Further Additional Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024, referred to in subsec. (h)(4), is section 101(d) of Pub. L. 118–35 , div. B, title I, Jan. 19, 2024 , 138 Stat. 4 , which related to application of amounts appropriated pursuant to the amendments made by that section and is not classified to the Code.

1080. §3014 — Section 1201(d) of the Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2021, and Other Extensions Act, referred to in subsec. (h)(4), is section 1201(d) of Pub. L. 116–215 , div. B, title II, Dec. 11, 2020 , 134 Stat. 1044 , which related to application of amounts appropriated pursuant to the amendments made by that section and is not classified to the Code.

1081. §3014 — Section 201(d) of the Further Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024, referred to in subsec. (h)(4), is section 201(d) of Pub. L. 118–22 , div. B, title II, Nov. 17, 2023 , 137 Stat. 120 , which related to application of amounts appropriated pursuant to the amendments made by that section and is not classified to the Code.

1082. §3014 — Section 2101 of the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2021 and Other Extensions Act, referred to in subsec. (h)(4), is section 2101 of Pub. L. 116–159 , div. C, title I, Oct. 1, 2020 , 134 Stat. 728 , which amended this section and sections 254b–2 and 256h of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and contained provisions related to application of amounts appropriated pursuant to the amendments made by that section which are not classified to the Code.

1083. §3014 — Section 2101(d) of division B of the Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025, referred to in subsec. (h)(4), is section 2101(d) of Pub. L. 119–4 , div. B, title I, Mar. 15, 2025 , 139 Stat. 40 , which related to application of amounts appropriated pursuant to the amendments made by that section and is not classified to the Code.

1084. §3014 — Section 214(b) of the Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (h)(2)(C), (3), is section 214(b) of title II of Pub. L. 101–647 , which was classified to section 13002(b) of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification as section 20304(b) of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

1085. §3014 — Section 221 of the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015, referred to in subsec. (h)(4), is section 221 of Pub. L. 114–10 , title II, Apr. 16, 2015 , 129 Stat. 154 . Section 221(c) of the Act provided for a condition on certain appropriations and is not classified to the Code.

1086. §3014 — Section 2321(d) of the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act, referred to in subsec. (h)(4), is section 2321(d) of Pub. L. 118–15 , div. B, title III, Sept. 30, 2023 , 137 Stat. 95 , which related to application of amounts appropriated pursuant to the amendments made by that section and is not classified to the Code.

1087. §3014 — Section 301(d) of division BB of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, referred to in subsec. (h)(4), is section 301(d) of Pub. L. 116–260 , div. BB, title III, Dec. 27, 2020 , 134 Stat. 2922 , which related to application of amounts appropriated pursuant to the amendments made by that section and is not classified to the Code.

1088. §3014 — Section 3101(d) of the Health Extensions and Other Matters Act, 2025, referred to in subsec. (h)(4), is section 101(d) of Pub. L. 118–158 , div. C, title I, Dec. 21, 2024 , 138 Stat. 1763 , which related to application of amounts appropriated pursuant to the amendments made by that section and is not classified to the Code.

1089. §3014 — Section 3831 of the CARES Act, referred to in subsec. (h)(4), is section 3831 of Pub. L. 116–136 , div. A, title III, Mar. 27, 2020 , 134 Stat. 433 , which amended this section and sections 254b–2 and 256h of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and contained provisions related to application of amounts appropriated pursuant to the amendments made by that section which are not classified to the Code.

1090. §3014 — Section 50901(e) of the Advancing Chronic Care, Extenders, and Social Services Act, referred to in subsec. (h)(4), is section 50901(e) of Pub. L. 115–123 , div. E, title IX, Feb. 9, 2018 , 132 Stat. 289 . Section 50901(e) of the Act related to application of amounts appropriated pursuant to that section and is not classified to the Code.

1091. §3041 — Power of courts and magistrates

1092. §3042 — Extraterritorial jurisdiction

1093. §3042 — Section 3041 of this title shall apply in any country where the United States exercises extraterritorial jurisdiction for the arrest and removal therefrom to the United States of any citizen or national of the United States who is a fugitive from justice charged with or convicted of the commission of any offense against the United States, and shall also apply throughout the United States for the arrest and removal therefrom to the jurisdiction of any officer or representative of the United States vested with judicial authority in any country in which the United States exercises extraterritorial jurisdiction, of any citizen or national of the United States who is a fugitive from justice charged with or convicted of the commission of any offense against the United States in any country where it exercises extraterritorial jurisdiction. Such fugitive first mentioned may, by any officer or representative of the United States vested with judicial authority in any country in which the United States exercises extraterritorial jurisdiction and agreeably to the usual mode of process against offenders subject to such jurisdiction, be arrested and detained or conditionally released pursuant to section 3142 of this title , as the case may be, pending the issuance of a warrant for his removal, which warrant the principal officer or representative of the United States vested with judicial authority in the country where the fugitive shall be found shall seasonably issue, and the United States marshal or corresponding officer shall execute. Such marshal or other officer, or the deputies of such marshal or officer, when engaged in executing such warrant without the jurisdiction of the court to which they are attached, shall have all the powers of a marshal of the United States so far as such powers are requisite for the prisoner’s safekeeping and the execution of the warrant.

1094. §3044 — Complaint—(Rule)

1095. §3045 — Internal revenue violations

1096. §3046 — Warrant or summons—(Rule)

1097. §3047 — Multiple warrants unnecessary

1098. §3048 — Commitment to another district; removal—(Rule)

1099. §3049 — Warrant for removal

1100. §3050 — Bureau of Prisons employees’ powers

1101. §3051 — Powers of Special Agents 1 1 So in original. The words “Special Agents” probably should not be capitalized. of Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives

1102. §3051 — Section 5872(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (c)(3), is classified to section 5872(b) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1103. §3052 — Powers of Federal Bureau of Investigation

1104. §3053 — Powers of marshals and deputies

1105. §3055 — Officers’ powers to suppress Indian liquor traffic

1106. §3056 — Powers, authorities, and duties of United States Secret Service

1107. §3056 — Section 216 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 1107(b) , Oct. 12, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2146 .

1108. § 3056A. Powers, authorities, and duties of United States Secret Service Uniformed Division

1109. Section 1. There is transferred to the Secretary of State authority to determine the need for and to approve terms and conditions of the provision of reimbursable extraordinary protective activities for foreign diplomatic missions pursuant to [former] section 202(7), and the authority to make reimbursements to State and local governments for services, personnel, equipment, and facilities pursuant to [former] section 208(a) of Title 3 , United States Code;

1110. Title II of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956, referred to in subsec. (d), is title II of act Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 841 , as added Aug. 24, 1982 , Pub. L. 97–241, title II, § 202(b) , 96 Stat. 283 , known as the Foreign Missions Act, which is classified principally to chapter 53 (§ 4301 et seq.) of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4301 of Title 22 and Tables.

1111. §3057 — Bankruptcy investigations

1112. §3058 — Interned belligerent nationals

1113. §3060 — Preliminary examination

1114. §3061 — Investigative powers of Postal Service personnel

1115. §3062 — General arrest authority for violation of release conditions

1116. §3063 — Powers of Environmental Protection Agency

1117. §3064 — Powers of Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

1118. §3071 — Information for which rewards authorized

1119. §3072 — Determination of entitlement; maximum amount; Presidential approval; conclusiveness

1120. §3073 — Protection of identity

1121. §3074 — Exception of governmental officials

1122. §3076 — Eligibility for witness security program

1123. §3076 — Section 36 of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956, referred to in text, is classified to section 2708 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

1124. §3077 — Definitions

1125. §3077 — Section 4 of the Subversive Activities Control Act of 1950, referred to in par. (8)(B), is classified to section 783 of Title 50 , War and National Defense.

1126. §3101 — Effect of rules of court—(Rule)

1127. §3102 — Authority to issue search warrant—(Rule)

1128. §3103 — Grounds for issuing search warrant—(Rule)

1129. § 3103a. Additional grounds for issuing warrant

1130. §3104 — Issuance of search warrant; contents—(Rule)

1131. §3105 — Persons authorized to serve search warrant

1132. §3106 — Officer authorized to serve search warrant—(Rule)

1133. §3107 — Section 300a of title 5 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees, was used as the basis for this section and section 3052 of this title .

1134. §3107 — Service of warrants and seizures by Federal Bureau of Investigation

1135. §3108 — Execution, service, and return—(Rule)

1136. §3109 — Breaking doors or windows for entry or exit

1137. §3110 — Property defined—(Rule)

1138. §3111 — Property seizable on search warrant—(Rule)

1139. §3113 — Liquor violations in Indian country

1140. §3114 — Return of seized property and suppression of evidence; motion—(Rule)

1141. §3115 — Inventory upon execution and return of search warrant—(Rule)

1142. §3116 — Records of examining magistrate judge; return to clerk of court—(Rule)

1143. §3116 — Section 627 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., relating to the filing of search warrants and companion papers, was omitted as unnecessary in view of Rule 41(f) of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure.

1144. §3117 — Mobile tracking devices

1145. §3118 — Implied consent for certain tests

1146. §3121 — General prohibition on pen register and trap and trace device use; exception

1147. §3122 — Application for an order for a pen register or a trap and trace device

1148. §3123 — Issuance of an order for a pen register or a trap and trace device

1149. §3124 — Assistance in installation and use of a pen register or a trap and trace device

1150. §3125 — Emergency pen register and trap and trace device installation

1151. §3126 — Reports concerning pen registers and trap and trace devices

1152. §3127 — Definitions for chapter

1153. §3141 — Release and detention authority generally

1154. §3142 — Release or detention of a defendant pending trial

1155. §3143 — Release or detention of a defendant pending sentence or appeal

1156. §3144 — Release or detention of a material witness

1157. §3145 — Review and appeal of a release or detention order

1158. §3146 — Penalty for failure to appear

1159. §3147 — Penalty for an offense committed while on release

1160. §3148 — Sanctions for violation of a release condition

1161. §3149 — Surrender of an offender by a surety

1162. §3150 — Applicability to a case removed from a State court

1163. §3151 — Refund of forfeited bail

1164. §3152 — Establishment of pretrial services

1165. §3153 — Organization and administration of pretrial services

1166. §3154 — Functions and powers relating to pretrial services

1167. §3155 — Annual reports

1168. §3156 — Definitions

1169. §3161 — Time limits and exclusions

1170. §3162 — Sanctions

1171. §3163 — Effective dates

1172. §3164 — Persons detained or designated as being of high risk

1173. §3165 — District plans—generally

1174. §3166 — District plans—contents

1175. §3167 — Reports to Congress

1176. §3168 — Planning process

1177. §3169 — Federal Judicial Center

1178. §3170 — Speedy trial data

1179. §3171 — Planning appropriations

1180. §3172 — Definitions

1181. §3173 — Sixth amendment rights

1182. §3174 — Judicial emergency and implementation

1183. §3181 — Scope and limitation of chapter

1184. §3182 — Fugitives from State or Territory to State, District, or Territory

1185. §3183 — Fugitives from State, Territory, or Possession into extraterritorial jurisdiction of United States

1186. §3184 — Fugitives from foreign country to United States

1187. §3185 — Fugitives from country under control of United States into the United States

1188. §3186 — Secretary of State to surrender fugitive

1189. §3187 — Provisional arrest and detention within extra­territorial jurisdiction

1190. §3188 — Time of commitment pending extradition

1191. §3189 — Place and character of hearing

1192. §3190 — Evidence on hearing

1193. §3191 — Witnesses for indigent fugitives

1194. §3192 — Protection of accused

1195. §3193 — Receiving agent’s authority over offenders

1196. §3193 — Section 1. The Secretary of State is hereby designated and empowered to issue and sign all warrants appointing agents to receive, in behalf of the United States, the delivery in extradition by a foreign government of any person accused of a crime committed within the United States, and to convey such person to the place of his trial.

1197. §3194 — Transportation of fugitive by receiving agent

1198. §3195 — Payment of fees and costs

1199. §3196 — Extradition of United States citizens

1200. §3231 — District courts

1201. §3232 — District of offense—(Rule)

1202. §3233 — Transfer within district—(Rule)

1203. §3234 — Change of venue to another district—(Rule)

1204. §3235 — Venue in capital cases

1205. §3236 — Murder or manslaughter

1206. §3237 — Offenses begun in one district and completed in another

1207. §3238 — Offenses not committed in any district

1208. §3239 — Optional venue for espionage and related offenses

1209. §3240 — Creation of new district or division

1210. §3240 — Section 121 of title 28 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Judicial Code and Judiciary, was divided into two sections. Only the portion relating to venue in civil cases was left in title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Judicial Code and Judiciary.

1211. §3241 — Jurisdiction of offenses under certain sections

1212. §3242 — Indians committing certain offenses; acts on reservations

1213. §3242 — Section 549 of said title 18, relating to crimes in Indian reservations in South Dakota, was omitted as covered by section 1153 of this title . Accordingly the last sentence of said section 548, extending this section to prosecutions of Indians in South Dakota, was also omitted as unnecessary because this section is sufficient and applicable. Other provisions of said section 548 are incorporated in sections 1151 and 1153 of this title.

1214. §3243 — Jurisdiction of State of Kansas over offenses committed by or against Indians on Indian reservations

1215. §3244 — Jurisdiction of proceedings relating to transferred offenders

1216. §3261 — Criminal offenses committed by certain members of the Armed Forces and by persons employed by or accompanying the Armed Forces outside the United States

1217. §3262 — Arrest and commitment

1218. §3263 — Delivery to authorities of foreign countries

1219. §3264 — Limitation on removal

1220. §3265 — Initial proceedings

1221. §3266 — Regulations

1222. §3267 — Definitions

1223. §3271 — Trafficking in persons offenses committed by persons employed by or accompanying the Federal Government outside the United States

1224. §3272 — Definitions

1225. §3273 — Offenses committed by certain United States personnel stationed in Canada in furtherance of border security initiatives

1226. §3281 — Capital offenses

1227. §3282 — Offenses not capital

1228. §3282 — Section 582 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., and section 746(g) of title 8 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., Aliens and Nationality, were consolidated. “Except as otherwise expressly provided by law” was inserted to avoid enumeration of exceptive provisions.

1229. §3283 — Offenses against children

1230. §3284 — Concealment of bankrupt’s assets

1231. §3285 — Criminal contempt

1232. §3286 — Extension of statute of limitation for certain terrorism offenses

1233. §3287 — Section 103 of title 41 , referred to in text, probably means section 3 of act July 1, 1944, ch. 358 , 58 Stat. 650 , which was classified to section 103 of former Title 41, Public Contracts, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 111–350, § 7(b) , Jan. 4, 2011 , 124 Stat. 3855 . For disposition of sections of former Title 41, see Disposition Table preceding section 101 of Title 41 .

1234. §3287 — Wartime suspension of limitations

1235. §3288 — Indictments and information dismissed after period of limitations

1236. §3289 — Indictments and information dismissed before period of limitations

1237. §3290 — Fugitives from justice

1238. §3291 — Nationality, citizenship and passports

1239. §3292 — Suspension of limitations to permit United States to obtain foreign evidence

1240. §3293 — Financial institution offenses

1241. §3294 — Theft of major artwork

1242. §3295 — Arson offenses

1243. §3296 — Counts dismissed pursuant to a plea agreement

1244. §3297 — Cases involving DNA evidence

1245. §3298 — Section 274(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in text, is classified to section 1324(a) of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

1246. §3298 — Trafficking-related offenses

1247. §3299 — Child abduction and sex offenses

1248. §3300 — Recruitment or use of child soldiers

1249. §3301 — Securities fraud offenses

1250. §3321 — Number of grand jurors; summoning additional jurors

1251. §3322 — Disclosure of certain matters occurring before grand jury

1252. §3322 — Section 951 of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 1833a of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

1253. §3331 — Summoning and term

1254. §3332 — Powers and duties

1255. §3333 — Reports

1256. §3334 — General provisions

1257. §3361 — Form and contents—(Rule)

1258. §3362 — Waiver of indictment and prosecution on information—(Rule)

1259. §3363 — Joinder of offenses—(Rule)

1260. §3364 — Joinder of defendants—(Rule)

1261. §3365 — Amendment of information—(Rule)

1262. §3366 — Bill of particulars—(Rule)

1263. §3367 — Dismissal—(Rule)

1264. §3401 — Misdemeanors; application of probation laws

1265. §3402 — Rules of procedure, practice and appeal 1 1 Section catchline was not amended to conform to change made in text by Pub. L. 100–702 .

1266. §3431 — Term of court; power of court unaffected by expiration—(Rule)

1267. §3432 — Indictment and list of jurors and witnesses for prisoner in capital cases

1268. §3433 — Arraignment—(Rule)

1269. §3434 — Presence of defendant—(Rule)

1270. §3435 — Receiver of stolen property triable before or after principal

1271. §3436 — Consolidation of indictments or informations—(Rule)

1272. §3437 — Severance—(Rule)

1273. §3438 — Pleas—(Rule)

1274. §3439 — Demurrers and special pleas in bar or abatement abolished; relief on motion—(Rule)

1275. §3440 — Defenses and objections determined on motion—(Rule)

1276. §3441 — Jury; number of jurors; waiver—(Rule)

1277. §3442 — Jurors, examination, peremptory challenges; alternates—(Rule)

1278. §3443 — Instructions to jury—(Rule)

1279. §3444 — Disability of judge—(Rule)

1280. §3445 — Motion for judgment of acquittal—(Rule)

1281. §3446 — New trial—(Rule)

1282. §3481 — Competency of accused

1283. §3482 — Evidence and witnesses—(Rule)

1284. §3483 — Indigent defendants, process to produce evidence—(Rule)

1285. §3484 — Subpoenas—(Rule)

1286. §3485 — Expert witnesses—(Rule)

1287. §3486 — Administrative subpoenas

1288. §3487 — Refusal to pay as evidence of embezzlement

1289. §3488 — Intoxicating liquor in Indian country as evidence of unlawful introduction

1290. §3489 — Discovery and inspection—(Rule)

1291. §3490 — Official record or entry—(Rule)

1292. §3491 — Foreign documents

1293. §3492 — Commission to consular officers to authenticate foreign documents

1294. §3493 — Deposition to authenticate foreign documents

1295. §3494 — Certification of genuineness of foreign document

1296. §3495 — Fees and expenses of consuls, counsel, interpreters and witnesses

1297. §3495 — Section 1201 of Title 22 , referred to in subsec. (a), was transferred to section 4219 of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

1298. §3496 — Regulations by President as to commissions, fees of witnesses, counsel and interpreters

1299. §3497 — Account as evidence of embezzlement

1300. §3498 — Depositions—(Rule)

1301. §3499 — Contempt of court by witness—(Rule)

1302. §3500 — Demands for production of statements and reports of witnesses

1303. §3501 — Admissibility of confessions

1304. §3502 — Admissibility in evidence of eye witness testimony

1305. §3504 — Litigation concerning sources of evidence

1306. §3505 — Foreign records of regularly conducted ac­tivity

1307. §3506 — Service of papers filed in opposition to official request by United States to foreign government for criminal evidence

1308. §3507 — Special master at foreign deposition

1309. §3508 — Custody and return of foreign witnesses

1310. §3509 — Child victims’ and child witnesses’ rights

1311. §3510 — Rights of victims to attend and observe trial

1312. §3510 — Section 503(e)(2) of the Victims’ Rights and Restitution Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (c), is classified to section 20141(e)(2) of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

1313. §3511 — Judicial review of requests for information

1314. §3511 — Section 1114(a)(5)(A) of the Right to Financial Privacy Act, referred to in subsecs. (a), (c), and (d), probably means section 1114(a)(5)(A) of the Right to Financial Privacy Act of 1978, which is classified to section 3414(a)(5)(A) of Title 12 , Banks and Banking.

1315. §3511 — Section 802(a) of the National Security Act of 1947, referred to in subsecs. (a), (c), and (d), is classified to section 3162(a) of Title 50 , War and National Defense.

1316. §3512 — Foreign requests for assistance in criminal investigations and prosecutions

1317. §3521 — Witness relocation and protection

1318. §3522 — Chapter 311 of this title, referred to in subsec. (c), which consisted of sections 4201 to 4218 of this title, was repealed effective Nov. 1, 1987 , by Pub. L. 98–473, title II , §§ 218(a)(5), 235(a)(1), (b)(1), Oct. 12, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2027 , 2031, 2032, subject to remaining effective for five years after Nov. 1, 1987 , in certain circumstances.

1319. §3522 — Probationers and parolees

1320. §3523 — Civil judgments

1321. §3524 — Child custody arrangements

1322. §3525 — Section 3579(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), was renumbered section 3663(b) of this title by Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 212(a)(1) , Oct. 12, 1984 , 98 Stat. 1987 .

1323. §3525 — Victims Compensation Fund

1324. §3526 — Cooperation of other Federal agencies and State governments; reimbursement of expenses

1325. §3527 — Additional authority of Attorney General

1326. §3528 — Definition

1327. §3531 — Return; several defendants; conviction of less offense; poll of jury—(Rule)

1328. §3532 — Setting aside verdict of guilty; judgment notwithstanding verdict—(Rule)

1329. §3551 — Authorized sentences

1330. §3552 — Presentence reports

1331. §3553 — Imposition of a sentence

1332. §3554 — Order of criminal forfeiture

1333. §3555 — Order of notice to victims

1334. §3556 — Order of restitution

1335. §3557 — Review of a sentence

1336. §3558 — Implementation of a sentence The implementation of a sentence imposed pursuant to section 3551 is governed by the provisions of chapter 229. (Added Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §212(a)(2), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 1991 .)

1337. §3559 — Sentencing classification of offenses

1338. §3561 — Sentence of probation

1339. §3562 — Imposition of a sentence of probation

1340. §3563 — Conditions of probation

1341. §3563 — Section 238(d)(5) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(21), is classified to section 1228(d)(5) of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

1342. §3563 — Section 3 of the DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000, referred to in subsec. (a)(9), is section 3 of Pub. L. 106–546 , which is classified to section 40702 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

1343. §3564 — Running of a term of probation

1344. §3565 — Revocation of probation

1345. §3565 — Section 3563(a)(4), referred to in subsec. (b)(3), probably means the par. (4) of section 3563(a) added by section 20414(b)(3) of Pub. L. 103–322 , which was renumbered par. (5) by Pub. L. 104–132, title II, § 203(1)(C) , Apr. 24, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1227 .

1346. §3566 — Implementation of a sentence of probation

1347. §3571 — Sentence of fine

1348. §3572 — Imposition of a sentence of fine and related matters

1349. §3573 — Petition of the Government for modification or remission

1350. §3574 — Implementation of a sentence of fine

1351. §3581 — Sentence of imprisonment

1352. §3582 — Imposition of a sentence of imprisonment

1353. §3583 — Inclusion of a term of supervised release after imprisonment

1354. §3584 — Multiple sentences of imprisonment

1355. §3585 — Calculation of a term of imprisonment

1356. §3586 — Implementation of a sentence of imprisonment

1357. §3591 — Sentence of death

1358. §3592 — Mitigating and aggravating factors to be considered in determining whether a sentence of death is justified

1359. §3592 — Section 1992 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was repealed and a new section 1992 enacted by Pub. L. 109–177, title I, § 110(a) , Mar. 9, 2006 , 120 Stat. 205 , and, as so enacted, section 1992 no longer relates only to the crime of wrecking trains.

1360. §3593 — Special hearing to determine whether a sentence of death is justified

1361. §3594 — Imposition of a sentence of death

1362. §3595 — Review of a sentence of death

1363. §3596 — Implementation of a sentence of death

1364. §3597 — Use of State facilities

1365. §3598 — Special provisions for Indian country

1366. §3599 — Counsel for financially unable defendants (a)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, in every criminal action in which a defendant is charged with a crime which may be punishable by death, a defendant who is or becomes financially unable to obtain adequate representation or investigative, expert, or other reasonably necessary services at any time either-

1367. §3600 — DNA testing

1368. § 3600A. Preservation of biological evidence

1369. §3601 — Supervision of probation

1370. §3602 — Appointment of probation officers

1371. §3603 — Duties of probation officers

1372. §3604 — Transportation of a probationer

1373. §3605 — Transfer of jurisdiction over a probationer

1374. §3606 — Arrest and return of a probationer

1375. §3607 — Special probation and expungement procedures for drug possessors

1376. §3608 — Drug testing of Federal offenders on post-conviction release

1377. §3608 — Section 3563(a)(4), referred to in text, probably means the par. (4) of section 3563(a) added by section 20414(b)(3) of Pub. L. 103–322 , which was renumbered par. (5) by Pub. L. 104–132, title II, § 203(1)(C) , Apr. 24, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1227 .

1378. §3611 — Payment of a fine or restitution

1379. §3612 — Collection of unpaid fine or restitution

1380. §3613 — Civil remedies for satisfaction of an unpaid fine

1381. §3613 — Section 207 of the Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 407 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

1382. § 3613A. Effect of default

1383. §3614 — Resentencing upon failure to pay a fine or restitution

1384. §3615 — Criminal default

1385. §3621 — Imprisonment of a convicted person

1386. §3622 — Section 1. (a) All contracts involving the use of appropriated funds which shall hereafter be entered into by any department or agency of the executive branch for performance in any State, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, or the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands shall, unless otherwise provided by law, contain a stipulation forbidding in the performance of such contracts, the employment of persons undergoing sentences of imprisonment which have been imposed by any court of a State, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, or the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. This limitation, however, shall not prohibit the employment by a contractor in the performance of such contracts of persons on parole or probation to work at paid employment during the term of their sentence or persons who have been pardoned or who have served their terms. Nor shall it prohibit the employment by a contractor in the performance of such contracts of persons confined for violation of the laws of any of the States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, or the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands who are authorized to work at paid employment in the community under the laws of such jurisdiction, if

1387. §3622 — Temporary release of a prisoner

1388. §3623 — Transfer of a prisoner to State authority

1389. §3624 — Release of a prisoner

1390. §3625 — Inapplicability of the Administrative Procedure Act

1391. §3626 — Appropriate remedies with respect to prison conditions

1392. §3631 — Duties of the Attorney General

1393. §3632 — Development of risk and needs assessment system

1394. §3633 — Evidence-based recidivism reduction program and recommendations

1395. §3634 — Report

1396. §3635 — Definitions

1397. §3661 — Use of information for sentencing No limitation shall be placed on the information concerning the background, character, and conduct of a person convicted of an offense which a court of the United States may receive and consider for the purpose of imposing an appropriate sentence. (Added Pub. L. 91–452, title X, §1001(a), Oct. 15, 1970, 84 Stat. 951 , §3577; renumbered §3661, Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §212(a)(1), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 1987 .)

1398. §3662 — Conviction records

1399. §3663 — Order of restitution (a)(1)(A) The court, when sentencing a defendant convicted of an offense under this title, section 401, 408(a), 409, 416, 420, or 422(a) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 841, 848(a), 849, 856, 861, 863) (but in no case shall a participant in an offense under such sections be considered a victim of such offense under this section), or section 5124, 46312, 46502, or 46504 of title 49, other than an offense described in section 3663A(c), may order, in addition to or, in the case of a misdemeanor, in lieu of any other penalty authorized by law, that the defendant make restitution to any victim of such offense, or if the victim is deceased, to the victim's estate. The court may also order, if agreed to by the parties in a plea agreement, restitution to persons other than the victim of the offense. (B)(i) The court, in determining whether to order restitution under this section, shall consider-

1400. § 3663A. Mandatory restitution to victims of certain crimes

1401. Section 3 of the Rodchenkov Anti-Doping Act of 2019, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(A)(iii), is classified to section 2402 of Title 21 , Food and Drugs.

1402. §3664 — Procedure for issuance and enforcement of order of restitution

1403. §3665 — Firearms possessed by convicted felons

1404. §3666 — Bribe moneys

1405. §3667 — Liquors and related property; definitions

1406. §3668 — Remission or mitigation of forfeitures under liquor laws; possession pending trial

1407. §3669 — Conveyances carrying liquor

1408. §3670 — Disposition of conveyances seized for violation of the Indian liquor laws

1409. §3671 — Vessels carrying explosives and steerage passengers

1410. §3672 — Duties of Director of Administrative Office of the United States Courts

1411. §3672 — Section 2 of the Public Health Service Act, referred to in the seventh undesignated par., is classified to section 201 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

1412. §3673 — Definitions for sentencing provisions

1413. §3681 — Order of special forfeiture

1414. §3682 — Notice to victims of order of special forfeiture

1415. §3691 — Jury trial of criminal contempts

1416. §3692 — Jury trial for contempt in labor dispute cases

1417. §3693 — Summary disposition or jury trial; notice—(Rule)

1418. §3731 — Appeal by United States

1419. §3732 — Taking of appeal; notice; time—(Rule)

1420. §3733 — Assignment of errors—(Rule)

1421. §3734 — Bill of exceptions abolished—(Rule)

1422. §3735 — Bail on appeal or certiorari—(Rule)

1423. §3736 — Certiorari—(Rule)

1424. §3737 — Record—(Rule)

1425. §3738 — Docketing appeal and record—(Rule)

1426. §3739 — Supervision—(Rule)

1427. §3740 — Argument—(Rule)

1428. §3741 — Harmless error and plain error—(Rule)

1429. §3742 — Review of a sentence

1430. §3771 — Crime victims’ rights

1431. §3771 — Section 503(c) of the Victims’ Rights and Restitution Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (a)(10), is section 503(c) of title V of Pub. L. 101–647 , which was classified to section 10607(c) of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification as section 20141(c) of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

1432. §3772 — Section 1402(d)(3)(A)(i) of the Victims of Crime Act of 1984, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 1402(d)(3)(A)(i) of chapter XIV of title II of Pub. L. 98–473 , which was classified to section 10601(d)(3)(A)(i) of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification as section 20101(d)(3)(A)(i) of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

1433. §3772 — Sexual assault survivors’ rights

1434. §4001 — Limitation on detention; control of prisons

1435. §4002 — Federal prisoners in State institutions; employment

1436. §4003 — Federal institutions in States without appropriate facilities

1437. §4004 — Oaths and acknowledgments

1438. §4005 — Medical relief; expenses

1439. §4006 — Subsistence for prisoners

1440. §4007 — Expenses of prisoners

1441. §4008 — Transportation expenses

1442. §4009 — Appropriations for sites and buildings

1443. §4010 — Acquisition of additional land

1444. §4011 — Disposition of cash collections for meals, laundry, etc.

1445. §4012 — Summary seizure and forfeiture of prison contraband

1446. §4013 — Sec. 2. Contracts with Privately Operated Criminal Detention Facilities . The Attorney General shall not renew Department of Justice contracts with privately operated criminal detention facilities, as consistent with applicable law.

1447. §4013 — Sec. 3. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1448. §4013 — Section 1. Policy . More than two million people are currently incarcerated in the United States, including a disproportionate number of people of color. There is broad consensus that our current system of mass incarceration imposes significant costs and hardships on our society and communities and does not make us safer. To decrease incarceration levels, we must reduce profit-based incentives to incarcerate by phasing out the Federal Government’s reliance on privately operated criminal detention facilities.

1449. §4013 — Support of United States prisoners in non-Federal institutions

1450. §4014 — Testing for human immunodeficiency virus

1451. §4041 — Bureau of Prisons; director and employees

1452. §4042 — Duties of Bureau of Prisons

1453. §4042 — Section 1. Implementation of the DOJ Report . (a) DOJ shall promptly undertake to revise its regulations and policies, consistent with the direction of the Attorney General, to implement the policy recommendations in the DOJ Report concerning the use of restrictive housing. DOJ shall provide me with an update on the status of these efforts not later than 180 days after the date of this memorandum.

1454. §4043 — Acceptance of gifts and bequests to the Commissary Funds, Federal Prisons

1455. §4043 — Section 108 of H.R. 2076, One Hundred Fourth Congress, as passed by the House of Representatives on Dec. 6, 1995 , and as enacted into law by Pub. L. 104–91, title I, § 101(a) , Jan. 6, 1996 , 110 Stat. 11 , as amended by Pub. L. 104–99, title II, § 211 , Jan. 26, 1996 , 110 Stat. 37 , provided that: “For fiscal year 1996 and each fiscal year thereafter, amounts in the Federal Prison System’s Commissary Fund, Federal Prisons, which are not currently needed for operations, shall be kept on deposit or invested in obligations of, or guaranteed by, the United States and all earnings on such investment shall be deposited in the Commissary Fund.”

1456. §4044 — Donations on behalf of the Bureau of Prisons

1457. §4045 — Authority to conduct autopsies

1458. §4046 — Shock incarceration program

1459. §4047 — Prison impact assessments

1460. §4048 — Fees for health care services for prisoners

1461. §4049 — Officers and employees of the Bureau of Prisons authorized to carry oleoresin capsicum spray

1462. §4050 — Secure firearms storage

1463. §4051 — Treatment of primary caretaker parents and other individuals

1464. §4081 — Classification and treatment of prisoners

1465. §4082 — Commitment to Attorney General; residential treatment centers; extension of limits of confinement; work furlough

1466. §4083 — Penitentiary imprisonment; consent

1467. §4086 — Temporary safe-keeping of federal offenders by marshals

1468. §4100 — Scope and limitation of chapter

1469. §4101 — Definitions

1470. §4102 — Authority of the Attorney General

1471. §4103 — Applicability of United States laws

1472. §4104 — Transfer of offenders on probation

1473. §4105 — Transfer of offenders serving sentence of imprisonment

1474. §4106 — Section 235 of the Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 1984, referred to in subsec. (d), is set out as an Effective Date note under section 3551 of this title .

1475. §4106 — Transfer of offenders on parole; parole of offenders transferred

1476. § 4106A. Transfer of offenders on parole; parole of offenders transferred

1477. §4107 — Verification of consent of offender to transfer from the United States

1478. §4108 — Verification of consent of offender to transfer to the United States

1479. §4109 — Right to counsel, appointment of counsel

1480. §4110 — Transfer of juveniles

1481. §4111 — Prosecution barred by foreign conviction

1482. §4112 — Loss of rights, disqualification

1483. §4113 — Section 240 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsecs. (b) and (c), is classified to section 1229a of Title 8 .

1484. §4113 — Section 240B of the Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 1229c of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

1485. §4113 — Status of alien offender transferred to a foreign country

1486. §4114 — Return of transferred offenders

1487. §4115 — Execution of sentences imposing an obligation to make restitution or reparations

1488. §4121 — Federal Prison Industries; board of directors

1489. §4122 — Administration of Federal Prison Industries

1490. §4123 — New industries

1491. §4124 — Purchase of prison-made products by Federal departments

1492. §4125 — Public works; prison camps

1493. §4125 — Section 851 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., was superseded except for the proviso which formed the basis for the added words “elsewhere than upon Indian reservations”.

1494. §4125 — Section 853 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., was added as subsection (d) of this section, although its retention may be unnecessary.

1495. §4125 — Section 854 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., was added as a part of subsection (c).

1496. §4125 — Section 855 of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., was superseded by section 744b of title 18 , U.S.C., 1940 ed., except as to the specific mention in section 855 of said title of expense for maintenance and operation of camps. Hence a reference to operation was added in subsection (c) of this section.

1497. §4126 — Prison Industries Fund; use and settlement of accounts

1498. §4127 — Prison Industries report to Congress

1499. §4128 — Enforcement by Attorney General

1500. §4129 — Authority to borrow and invest

1501. §4130 — Additional markets

1502. §4130 — Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(4), is classified to section 501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1503. §4241 — Determination of mental competency to stand trial to undergo postrelease proceedings 1

1504. §4242 — Determination of the existence of insanity at the time of the offense

1505. §4243 — Hospitalization of a person found not guilty only by reason of insanity

1506. §4244 — Hospitalization of a convicted person suffering from mental disease or defect

1507. §4245 — Hospitalization of an imprisoned person suffering from mental disease or defect

1508. §4246 — Hospitalization of a person due for release but suffering from mental disease or defect

1509. §4247 — General provisions for chapter

1510. §4248 — Civil commitment of a sexually dangerous person

1511. §4282 — Arrested but unconvicted persons

1512. §4285 — Persons released pending further judicial proceedings

1513. §4321 — Board of Advisers

1514. §4322 — Use of restraints on prisoners during the period of pregnancy, labor, and postpartum recovery prohibited

1515. §4351 — Establishment; Advisory Board; appointment of members; compensation; officers; committees; delegation of powers; Director, appointment and powers 1 1 Section catchline editorially supplied.

1516. §4352 — Authority of Institute; time; records of recipients; access; scope of section 1 1 Section catchline editorially supplied.

1517. §5001 — Surrender to State authorities; expenses

1518. §5003 — Custody of State offenders

1519. §5003 — Section 4082(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), was repealed, and section 4082(f) was redesignated section 4082(b), by Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 218(a) , Oct. 12, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2027 .

1520. §5031 — Definitions For the purposes of this chapter, a "juvenile" is a person who has not attained his eighteenth birthday, or for the purpose of proceedings and disposition under this chapter for an alleged act of juvenile delinquency, a person who has not attained his twenty-first birthday, and "juvenile delinquency" is the violation of a law of the United States committed by a person prior to his eighteenth birthday which would have been a crime if committed by an adult or a violation by such a person of section 922(x). (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 857 ; Pub. L. 93–415, title V, §501, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1133 ; Pub. L. 103–322, title XI, §110201(c)(1), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2012 .)

1521. §5032 — Delinquency proceedings in district courts; transfer for criminal prosecution

1522. §5033 — Custody prior to appearance before magistrate judge

1523. §5034 — Duties of magistrate judge

1524. §5035 — Detention prior to disposition

1525. §5036 — Speedy trial

1526. §5037 — Dispositional hearing

1527. §5037 — Section 3624 is applicable to an order placing a juvenile under detention.

1528. §5038 — Section 401 of the Controlled Substances Act, referred to in subsecs. (d) and (f), is classified to section 841 of Title 21 , Food and Drugs.

1529. §5038 — Use of juvenile records

1530. §5039 — Commitment

1531. §5040 — Support

1532. §5042 — Revocation of probation

1533. §5043 — Juvenile solitary confinement

1534. §6001 — Definitions

1535. §6002 — Immunity generally

1536. §6003 — Court and grand jury proceedings

1537. §6004 — Certain administrative proceedings

1538. §6005 — Congressional proceedings

Title 19

1. §1 — Organization of customs service

2. §2 — Rearrangement and limitation of districts; changing locations

3. §3 — Superintendence of collection of import duties

4. §6 — Designation of customs officers for foreign service; status; rejection of designated customs officer; applicability of civil service laws

5. § 6e. Overtime compensation based on standard or daylight saving time

6. §52 — Payment of compensation and expenses

7. §52 — Section 13 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by act Aug. 2, 1956, ch. 887, § 4(a)(2) , 70 Stat. 947 .

8. §52 — Section 48 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by act Aug. 2, 1946, ch. 744, § 2 , 60 Stat. 807 , eff. Nov. 1, 1946 . See section 5724 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

9. §52 — Section 51 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 645 . See, also, Additional Repeal note set out thereunder.

10. § 58a. Fees for services of customs officers

11. § 58b. User fee for customs services at certain small airports and other facilities

12. § 58c. Fees for certain customs services

13. Section 112 of the Customs and Trade Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (b)(11), is section 112 of Pub. L. 101–382 , which is set out below.

14. Section 202 of the United States-Bahrain Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(16), is section 202 of Pub. L. 109–169 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

15. Section 202 of the United States-Canada Free-Trade Agreement Implementation Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (b)(10)(A), is section 202 of Pub. L. 100–449 , which is set out as a note under section 2112 of this title .

16. Section 202 of the United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(12), is section 202 of Pub. L. 108–77 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

17. Section 202 of the United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(17), is section 202 of Pub. L. 109–283 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

18. Section 202 of the United States-Singapore Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(13), is section 202 of Pub. L. 108–78 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

19. Section 202 of the United States–Korea Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(19), is section 202 of Pub. L. 112–41 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

20. Section 203 of the United States-Australia Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(14), is section 203 of Pub. L. 108–286 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

21. Section 203 of the United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(18), is section 203 of Pub. L. 110–138 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

22. Section 203 of the United States–Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(20), is section 203 of Pub. L. 112–42 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

23. Section 203 of the United States–Panama Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(21), is section 203 of Pub. L. 112–43 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

24. Section 267 of this title , as amended by section 13811 of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993, referred to in subsec. (f)(3)(C)(iii)(II), means section 267 of this title as amended by section 13811 of Pub. L. 103–66 .

25. Section 8331(3) of title 5 , as amended by section 13812(a)(1) of such Act of 1993, referred to in subsec. (f)(3)(C)(iii)(II), means section 8331(3) of title 5 , as amended by section 13812(a)(1) of Pub. L. 103–66 .

26. §60 — Penalty for extortion

27. §64 — Laws imposing fines applicable to persons acting under customs laws

28. §66 — Rules and forms prescribed by Secretary

29. §68 — Enforcement of customs and immigration laws in Guam and the Virgin Islands and along Canadian and Mexican borders; cooperation by Secretary of the Treasury and Attorney General; erection of buildings

30. §69 — Erection of protective gates and fences across and around roads crossing borders

31. §70 — Obstruction of revenue officers by masters of vessels

32. § 81a. Definitions

33. § 81b. Establishment of zones

34. Chapter 15

35. Chapter 16

36. Chapter 17

37. Chapter 21

38. Chapter 23

39. Chapter 24

40. Chapter 25

41. Chapter 26

42. Chapter 32

43. § 81c. Exemption from customs laws of merchandise brought into foreign trade zone

44. Section 203(a) of the United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 203(a) of Pub. L. 108–77 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

45. Section 204 of the United States-Canada Free-Trade Agreement Implementation Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 204 of Pub. L. 100–449 , which is set out in a note under section 2112 of this title .

46. § 1807

47. § 4501 et seq.

48. § 4591 et seq., § 4811 et seq.

49. § 4701 et seq.

50. § 4801 et seq.

51. § 4831 et seq.

52. § 5001 et seq.

53. § 5701 et seq.

54. § 81d. Customs officers and guards

55. § 81e. Vessels entering or leaving zone; coastwise trade

56. § 81f. Application for establishment and expansion of zone

57. § 81g. Granting of application

58. § 81h. Rules and regulations

59. § 81i. Cooperation of Board with other agencies

60. § 81j. Cooperation of other agencies with Board

61. § 81k. Agreements as to use of property

62. § 81l. Facilities to be provided and maintained

63. § 81m. Permission to others to use zone

64. § 81n. Operation of zone as public utility; cost of customs service

65. § 81o. Residents of zone

66. § 81p. Accounts and recordkeeping

67. § 81q. Transfer of grant

68. § 81r. Revocation of grants

69. § 81s. Offenses

70. § 81t. Separability

71. § 81u. Right to alter, amend, or repeal chapter

72. § 123a. Transferred

73. §126 — Imports from Canal Zone

74. §129 — Discriminating duties

75. § 144a. Entry under bond of exhibits of arts, sciences, and industries, and products of soil, mine, and sea

76. §151 — Bonded warehouses for storage and cleansing of imported garbanzo; withdrawals

77. §181 — Exclusion of imports from countries making discriminations

78. §197 — Duties, how payable

79. §198 — Certified checks; receivable for all public dues; lien for payment of

80. §199 — Judgments, how payable

81. §232 — Title 34 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original “this Title”, meaning title 34 of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 2517 to 3129. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 2517 to 3129 to the Code, see Tables.

82. §232 — “Port” defined

83. §233 — Departure from prescribed forms

84. §233 — Title 34 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original “this Title”, meaning title 34 of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 2517 to 3129. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 2517 to 3129 to the Code, see Tables.

85. §240 — Value at date of shipment

86. §267 — Overtime and premium pay for customs officers

87. § 267a. Foreign language proficiency awards

88. §283 — Duty on saloon stores

89. §288 — Documented vessels

90. §293 — Documented vessels touching at foreign ports

91. §294 — No duty by reason of documented vessel touching at foreign port

92. §338 — Indorsement upon invoice; port of entry

93. §339 — Restriction on consular certificates

94. §340 — Consuls to exact proof of invoice

95. §341 — Fraudulent practices; consul’s report

96. §391 — Ascertainment of duties on grain

97. §460 — Retention of distilled spirits, wines, etc., in warehouse during prohibitory period

98. §467 — Imported distilled spirits, wines, or malt liquors; regulations for marks, brands, and stamps or devices on bulk containers; forfeitures

99. §468 — Stamps and brands effaced on emptying packages of imported liquors

100. §469 — Dealing in or using empty stamped imported liquor containers

101. §482 — Search of vehicles and persons

102. §507 — Officers to make character known; assistance for officers

103. §508 — Persons making seizures pleading general issue and proving special matter

104. §527 — Sums received from fines and other receipts covered into Treasury

105. §528 — Appropriate customs officer to receive amount recovered

106. §535 — Compulsory production of books, invoices, or papers

107. §537 — Officers, informers, and defendants as witnesses

108. §537 — Section 4 of Act June 22, 1874 , referred to in text, providing for compensation to officers of the customs or other persons detecting goods being smuggled, was repealed by act Sept. 21, 1922, ch. 356, title IV, § 643 , 42 Stat. 989 . For corresponding provisions in the Tariff Act of 1930, see section 1619 of this title .

109. §540 — President may use suitable vessels for enforcing customs laws

110. §574 — Exemption from taking other oaths

111. §574 — Title 34 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original “this Title”, meaning title 34 of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 2517 to 3129. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 2517 to 3129 to the Code, see Tables.

112. §580 — Interest in suits on bonds for recovery of duties

113. §1202 — Harmonized Tariff Schedule

114. §1304 — Marking of imported articles and containers

115. § 1304a. Technical assistance to U.S. Customs and Border Protection

116. §1305 — Immoral articles; importation prohibited

117. §1307 — Convict-made goods; importation prohibited

118. §1308 — Prohibition on importation of dog and cat fur products

119. §1309 — Supplies for certain vessels and aircraft

120. §1310 — Free importation of merchandise recovered from sunken and abandoned vessels

121. §1311 — Bonded manufacturing warehouses

122. §1311 — Section 203(a) of the United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in text, is section 203(a) of Pub. L. 108–77 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

123. §1311 — Section 204 of the United States-Canada Free-Trade Agreement Implementation Act of 1988, referred to in text, is section 204 of Pub. L. 100–449 , which is set out in a note under section 2112 of this title .

124. §1311 — Section IV, M, of the act of 1913 superseded previous similar provisions of the Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act of Aug. 5, 1909, ch. 6, § 23 , 36 Stat. 88 , which superseded those of the Dingley Tariff Act of July 24, 1897, ch. 11, § 15 , 30 Stat. 207 . Similar provisions were contained in the Wilson Tariff Act of Aug. 27, 1894, ch. 349, § 9 , 28 Stat. 548 .

125. §1312 — Bonded smelting and refining warehouses

126. §1312 — Section 203(a) of the United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsecs. (b)(1)(B), (4)(B) and (d)(2), is section 203(a) of Pub. L. 108–77 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

127. §1313 — Drawback and refunds

128. §1313 — Section 203(a) of the United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsecs. (j)(4)(B), (n)(1)(D), and ( o )(3)(B), is section 203(a) of Pub. L. 108–77 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

129. §1313 — Section 204 of the United States-Canada Free-Trade Agreement Implementation Act of 1988, referred to in subsecs. (n)(3) and ( o )(2), is section 204 of Pub. L. 100–449 , which is set out in a note under section 2112 of this title .

130. §1313 — Section 642 of the act of Sept. 21, 1922 , also repealed sections 3015 to 3026, inclusive, 3028 to 3047, inclusive, and 3049 to 3057, inclusive of the Revised Statutes, which were concerned with the subject of drawback.

131. § 1313a. Appropriations for refunds, drawbacks, bounties, etc.

132. §1315 — Effective date of rates of duty

133. §1317 — Section 2197(a) of title 26 , referred to in subsec. (a), is a reference to section 2197(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, which was repealed by section 7851 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

134. §1317 — Tobacco products; supplies for certain vessels and aircraft

135. §1318 — Emergencies

136. §1318 — Sec. 2. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

137. §1318 — Section 1. Emergency Authority . (a) To provide additional authority to the Secretary of the Treasury (Secretary) to respond to the national emergency declared by Proclamation 9994, the authority at section 1318(a) of title 19 , United States Code, to extend during the continuance of such emergency the time prescribed therein for the performance of any act is invoked and made available, according to its terms, to the Secretary.

138. §1319 — Duty on coffee imported into Puerto Rico

139. § 1319a. Duty on coffee; ratification of duties imposed by Legislature of Puerto Rico

140. §1321 — Administrative exemptions

141. §1321 — Title I of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), means title I of act June 17, 1930 , which contained the Tariff Schedules of the United States and which formerly were set out under section 1202 of this title . The Tariff Schedules of the United States were replaced by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States. See Publication of Harmonized Tariff Schedule note set out under section 1202 of this title .

142. §1322 — International traffic and rescue work; United States-Mexico Boundary Treaty of 1970

143. §1323 — Conservation of fishery resources

144. §1330 — Organization of Commission

145. §1330 — Section 203(a) of the Trade Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (d)(4), is classified to section 2253(a) of this title .

146. §1331 — General powers

147. §1332 — Investigations

148. § 1332a. Importation of red cedar shingles

149. Section 1001 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was struck out by Pub. L. 87–456, title I, § 101(a) , May 24, 1962 , 76 Stat. 72 .

150. §1333 — Testimony and production of papers

151. §1334 — Cooperation with other agencies

152. §1335 — Rules and regulations

153. §1336 — Equalization of costs of production

154. §1337 — Section 1340 of this title , referred to in subsec. (m), was omitted from the Code.

155. §1337 — Unfair practices in import trade

156. §1338 — Discrimination by foreign countries

157. §1339 — Trade Remedy Assistance Office

158. §1341 — Interference with functions of Commission

159. §1351 — Foreign trade agreements

160. §1351 — Section 1362 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A), related to suspension or withdrawal of concessions from Communistic areas and was repealed by Pub. L. 87–794, title II, § 257(e)(1) , Oct. 11, 1962 , 76 Stat. 882 .

161. §1351 — Section 2(e) of act Aug. 2, 1956 , effective only as to articles entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after thirtieth day following publication of the final list provided for in section 6(a) of said act Aug. 2, 1956 , set out in note under section 1402 of this title , see note set out under section 1401a of this title .

162. §1352 — Equalization of costs of production

163. §1352 — Section 1351 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was in the original “section 1 of this Act”, meaning section 1 of act June 12, 1934 , and was translated as referring to section 350 of act June 17, 1930 , which was enacted by section 1 of act June 12, 1934 , and is classified to section 1351 of this title .

164. §1353 — Indebtedness of foreign countries, effect on

165. §1354 — Notice of intention to negotiate agreement; opportunity to be heard; President to seek information and advice

166. § 1356k. Importation of coffee under International Coffee Agreement, 1983; Presidential powers and duties

167. § 1356l. “Coffee” defined

168. §1360 — Investigation before trade negotiations

169. §1361 — Action by President; reports to Congress

170. §1366 — General Agreement on Tariff and Trade un­affected

171. §1401 — Miscellaneous

172. §1401 — Section III of the Underwood Tariff Act of Oct. 3, 1913, ch. 16 , 38 Stat. 181 , amending the Customs Administrative Act of June 10, 1890, ch. 407 , 26 Stat. 131 , was repealed by section 643 of the act of Sept. 21, 1922, ch. 356 , title IV, 42 Stat. 989 .

173. §1401 — Section III, by subdivision A thereof, amended the Customs Administrative Act of June 10, 1890, ch. 407 , 26 Stat. 131 , as previously amended, to read as set forth in section III, subdivisions B–CC. By that amendment and reenactment, the Customs Administrative Act of June 10, 1890 , and the amendments thereof by act July 24, 1897, ch. 11, § 32 , 30 Stat. 211 , act May 17, 1898, ch. 341 , 30 Stat. 417 , Act Dec. 15, 1902, ch. 1 , 32 Stat. 753 , act May 27, 1908, ch. 205 , 35 Stat. 403 , and the Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act of Aug. 5, 1909, ch. 6, § 28 , 36 Stat. 91 , were superseded, except the provisions thereof mentioned in a proviso of section IV, S, of that act.

174. § 1401a. Value

175. §1411 — National Customs Automation Program

176. §1411 — Section 1. Policy . The United States is the world’s largest economy and the largest trading Nation. Trade is critical to the Nation’s prosperity—fueling economic growth, supporting good jobs at home, raising living standards, and helping Americans provide for their families with affordable goods and services. It is the policy of the United States to promote commerce through the effective implementation of an ambitious 21st century trade agenda and vigorous enforcement of our Nation’s laws relating to trade, security, public health and safety, the environment, and natural resources. In support of these goals, and to ensure that our Nation is well-positioned to compete in an open, fair, and growing world economy, the Federal Government must increase efforts to improve the technologies, policies, and other controls governing the movement of goods across our national borders.

177. §1412 — Program goals

178. §1413 — Implementation and evaluation of Program

179. §1414 — Remote location filing

180. §1415 — Mandatory advance electronic information for cargo and other improved customs reporting procedures

181. §1431 — Manifests

182. § 1431a. Documentation of waterborne cargo

183. Section 3(14) of the Shipping Act of 1984 (46 U.S.C. App. 1702(14)), referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 3(14) of Pub. L. 98–237 , which was classified to section 1702(14) of the former Appendix to Title 46, Shipping, prior to repeal and restatement as section 40102(14) of Title 46 by Pub. L. 109–304 , §§ 7, 19, Oct. 6, 2006 , 120 Stat. 1523 , 1710. Par. (14) of section 40102 was redesignated par. (15) by Pub. L. 115–282, title VII, § 704(1) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4294 .

184. Section 3(17)(B) of the Shipping Act of 1984 (46 U.S.C. App. 1702(17)(B)), referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 3(17)(B) of Pub. L. 98–237 , which was classified to section 1702(17)(B) of the former Appendix to Title 46, Shipping, prior to repeal and restatement as section 40102(16) of Title 46 by Pub. L. 109–304 , §§ 7, 19, Oct. 6, 2006 , 120 Stat. 1523 , 1710. Par. (16) of section 40102 was redesignated par. (17) by Pub. L. 115–282, title VII, § 704(1) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4294 .

185. §1433 — Report of arrival of vessels, vehicles, and aircraft

186. §1434 — Entry; vessels

187. § 1435a. Transferred

188. §1436 — Penalties for violations of arrival, reporting, entry, and clearance requirements

189. § 1436a. Report on violations of arrival, reporting, entry, and clearance requirements and falsity or lack of manifest

190. Section 1436 of this title , as amended by section 8007, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 1436 of this title as amended by section 8007 of Pub. L. 115–271 .

191. §1438 — Unlawful return of foreign vessel’s papers

192. §1441 — Exceptions to vessel entry and clearance requirements

193. §1442 — Residue cargo

194. §1446 — Supplies and stores retained on board

195. §1447 — Place of entry and unlading

196. §1448 — Unlading

197. §1449 — Unlading at port of entry

198. §1450 — Unlading on Sundays, holidays, or during overtime hours

199. §1451 — Extra compensation 1 1 See Codification note below.

200. §1452 — Lading on Sundays, holidays, or at night

201. §1453 — Lading and unlading of merchandise or baggage; penalties

202. §1454 — Unlading of passengers; penalty

203. §1455 — Boarding and discharging inspectors

204. §1456 — Compensation and expenses of inspectors between ports; reimbursement

205. §1457 — Time for unlading

206. §1458 — Bulk cargo, time for unlading

207. §1459 — Reporting requirements for individuals

208. §1461 — Inspection of merchandise and baggage 1 1 See Codification note below.

209. §1462 — Forfeiture 1 1 See Codification note below.

210. §1463 — Sealed vessels and vehicles 1 1 See Codification note below.

211. §1464 — Penalties in connection with sealed vessels and vehicles 1 1 See Codification note below.

212. §1466 — Equipment and repairs of vessels

213. §1467 — Special inspection, examination, and search

214. §1481 — Invoice; contents

215. §1484 — Entry of merchandise

216. § 1484a. Articles returned from space not to be construed as importation

217. § 1484b. Deferral of duty on large yachts imported for sale at United States boat shows

218. §1485 — Declaration

219. §1486 — Administration of oaths; verification of documents

220. §1487 — Value in entry; amendment

221. §1490 — General orders

222. §1491 — Unclaimed merchandise; disposition of forfeited distilled spirits, wines and malt liquor

223. §1492 — Destruction of abandoned or forfeited merchandise

224. §1492 — Section 901 of Revenue Act of 1926, referred to in text, is covered by section 5243 of Title 26 .

225. §1493 — Proceeds of sale

226. §1494 — Expense of weighing and measuring

227. §1495 — Partnership bond

228. §1496 — Examination of baggage

229. § 1496a. Clearance restrictions of individuals returning from abroad; special circumstances; “baggage and effects” defined

230. §1497 — Penalties for failure to declare

231. §1498 — Entry under regulations

232. §1498 — Section 1201 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(12), which comprised the free list for articles imported into the United States, was repealed by Pub. L. 87–456, title I, § 101(a) , May 24, 1962 , 76 Stat. 72 , which act also revised the Tariff Schedules of the United States. See notes under section 1202 of this title .

233. §1498 — Section 1465 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(10), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–182, title VI, § 690(b)(7) , Dec. 8, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2223 .

234. §1499 — Examination of merchandise

235. §1500 — Appraisement, classification, and liquidation procedure

236. §1501 — Voluntary reliquidations by U.S. Customs and Border Protection

237. §1502 — Regulations for appraisement and classification

238. §1503 — Dutiable value

239. §1503 — Section 1520(c) of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 108–429, title II, § 2105 , Dec. 3, 2004 , 118 Stat. 2598 .

240. §1504 — Limitation on liquidation

241. §1505 — Payment of duties and fees

242. §1506 — Allowance for abandonment and damage

243. §1507 — Tare and draft

244. §1508 — Recordkeeping

245. §1509 — Examination of books and witnesses

246. §1509 — Title I, referred to in subsec. (g)(2)(C), means title I of act June 17, 1930, ch. 497 , which contains the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States and which is not set out in the Code. See notes preceding section 1202 of this title and Publication of Harmonized Tariff Schedule note set out under section 1202 of this title .

247. §1510 — Judicial enforcement

248. §1512 — Deposit of duty receipts

249. §1513 — Customs officer’s immunity

250. §1514 — Protest against decisions of Customs Service

251. §1514 — Section 1303 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), is defined in section 1677(26) of this title to mean section 1303 as in effect on the day before Jan. 1, 1995 .

252. §1514 — Section 202 of the United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (g), is section 202 of Pub. L. 108–77 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

253. §1514 — Section 202 of the United States-Korea Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (j), is section 202 of Pub. L. 112–41 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

254. §1514 — Section 203 of the United States-Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (k), is section 203 of Pub. L. 112–42 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

255. §1514 — Section 203 of the United States-Panama Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. ( l ), is section 203 of Pub. L. 112–43 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

256. §1514 — Section 203 of the United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (i), is section 203 of Pub. L. 110–138 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

257. §1515 — Review of protests

258. §1516 — Petitions by domestic interested parties

259. § 1516a. Judicial review in countervailing duty and antidumping duty proceedings

260. Section 1303 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), is defined in section 1677(26) of this title to mean section 1330 as in effect on the day before Jan. 1, 1995 .

261. §1517 — Procedures for investigating claims of evasion of antidumping and countervailing duty orders

262. §1520 — Refunds and errors

263. §1520 — Section 202 of the United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 202 of Pub. L. 108–77 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

264. §1520 — Section 202 of the United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 202 of Pub. L. 109–283 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

265. §1520 — Section 202 of the United States–Korea Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 202 of Pub. L. 112–41 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

266. §1520 — Section 203 of the United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 203 of Pub. L. 110–138 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

267. §1520 — Section 203 of the United States–Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 203 of Pub. L. 112–42 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

268. §1520 — Section 203 of the United States–Panama Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 203 of Pub. L. 112–43 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

269. §1523 — Examination of accounts

270. §1524 — Deposit of reimbursable charges

271. §1526 — Merchandise bearing American trade-mark

272. §1526 — Section 106 of title 15 , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by act July 15, 1946, ch. 540, § 46(a) , 60 Stat. 444 . See section 1124 of Title 15 .

273. §1527 — Importation of wild mammals and birds in violation of foreign law

274. §1528 — Taxes not to be construed as duties

275. §1529 — Collection of fees on behalf of other agencies

276. §1551 — Bonding of carriers

277. § 1551a. Bonded cartmen or lightermen

278. §1552 — Entry for immediate transportation

279. §1553 — Entry for transportation and exportation; lottery material from Canada

280. § 1553a. Recordkeeping for merchandise transported by pipeline

281. §1554 — Section 4347 of the Revised Statutes, as amended, referred to in text, was not classified to the Code. It was superseded by act Feb. 17, 1898, ch. 26, § 1 , 30 Stat. 248 , which was classified to section 290 of former Title 46, Shipping, and was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 109–304, § 19 , Oct. 6, 2006 , 120 Stat. 1710 . Provisions similar to those in section 1 of act Feb. 17, 1898, ch. 26 , were also contained in section 27 of act June 5, 1920, ch. 250 , 41 Stat. 999 , and were classified to section 883 of the former Appendix to Title 46, Shipping. For disposition of sections of the former Appendix to Title 46, see Disposition Table preceding section 101 of Title 46 .

282. §1554 — Transportation through contiguous countries

283. §1555 — Bonded warehouses

284. §1556 — Bonded warehouses; regulations for establishing

285. §1557 — Entry for warehouse

286. §1558 — No remission or refund after release of merchandise

287. §1559 — Warehouse goods deemed abandoned after 5 years

288. §1560 — Leasing of warehouses

289. §1561 — Public stores

290. §1562 — Manipulation in warehouse

291. §1562 — Section 203(a) of the United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in par. (6), is section 203(a) of Pub. L. 108–77 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

292. §1562 — Section 204 of the United States-Canada Free-Trade Agreement Implementation Act of 1988, referred to in par. (4)(B), is section 204 of Pub. L. 100–449 , which is set out in a note under section 2112 of this title .

293. §1563 — Allowance for loss; abandonment of warehouse goods

294. §1564 — Liens

295. §1565 — Cartage

296. §1581 — Boarding vessels

297. §1582 — Search of persons and baggage; regulations

298. §1583 — Examination of outbound mail

299. §1583 — Section 2332a(b) of title 18 , referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B), does not define the term “weapon of mass destruction”. However, that term is defined elsewhere in that section.

300. § 1583a. Development of technology to detect illicit narcotics

301. §1584 — Falsity or lack of manifest; penalties

302. §1586 — Unlawful unlading or transshipment

303. §1587 — Examination of hovering vessels

304. §1588 — Transportation between American ports via foreign ports

305. § 1589a. Enforcement authority of customs officers

306. §1590 — Aviation smuggling

307. §1592 — Penalties for fraud, gross negligence, and negligence

308. §1592 — Section 202 of the United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsecs. (c)(6) and (g)(1), is section 202 of Pub. L. 108–77 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

309. §1592 — Section 202 of the United States-Singapore Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(7)(A), is section 202 of Pub. L. 108–78 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

310. §1592 — Section 202 of the United States–Korea Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsecs. (c)(11) and (j)(1), is section 202 of Pub. L. 112–41 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

311. §1592 — Section 203 of the United States-Australia Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(8)(A), is section 203 of Pub. L. 108–286 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

312. §1592 — Section 203 of the United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsecs. (c)(10) and (i)(1), is section 203 of Pub. L. 110–138 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

313. §1592 — Section 203 of the United States–Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsecs. (c)(12) and (k)(1), is section 203 of Pub. L. 112–42 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

314. §1592 — Section 203 of the United States–Panama Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsecs. (c)(13) and ( l )(1), is section 203 of Pub. L. 112–43 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

315. § 1592a. Special provisions regarding certain violations

316. § 1593a. Penalties for false drawback claims

317. §1594 — Seizure of conveyances

318. §1595 — Searches and seizures

319. § 1595a. Aiding unlawful importation

320. §1599 — Officers not to be interested in vessels or cargo

321. §1600 — Application of the customs laws to other seizures by customs officers

322. §1602 — Seizure; report to customs officer

323. §1603 — Seizure; warrants and reports

324. §1604 — Seizure; prosecution 1 1 See Codification note below.

325. §1605 — Seizure; custody; storage

326. §1606 — Seizure; appraisement

327. §1607 — Seizure; value $500,000 or less, prohibited merchandise, transporting conveyances

328. §1608 — Seizure; claims; judicial condemnation

329. §1609 — Seizure; summary forfeiture and sale

330. §1610 — Seizure; judicial forfeiture proceedings

331. §1611 — Seizure; sale unlawful

332. §1612 — Seizure; summary sale

333. §1613 — Disposition of proceeds of forfeited property

334. § 1613b. Customs Forfeiture Fund

335. §1614 — Release of seized property

336. §1615 — Burden of proof in forfeiture proceedings

337. § 1616a. Disposition of forfeited property

338. §1617 — Compromise of Government claims by Secretary of the Treasury

339. §1618 — Remission or mitigation of penalties

340. §1619 — Award of compensation to informers

341. §1619 — Section 2 of the act of June 22, 1874, ch. 391 , repealed all provisions under which moieties of fines, etc., were paid to informers, etc., and required the proceeds of all fines, penalties, and forfeitures to be paid into the Treasury. This last provision was omitted from the Code as superseded by section 527 of this title ( act Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2918, § 1 , 34 Stat. 1315 ).

342. §1619 — Section 26 of that Act repealed inconsistent laws and saved existing rights. It was omitted from the Code as temporary and executed.

343. §1620 — Acceptance of money by United States officers 1 1 See Codification note below.

344. §1621 — Limitation of actions

345. §1622 — Foreign landing certificates

346. §1623 — Bonds and other security

347. §1624 — General regulations

348. §1625 — Interpretive rulings and decisions; public information

349. §1626 — Steel products trade enforcement

350. § 1627a. Unlawful importation or exportation of certain vehicles; inspections

351. §1628 — Exchange of information

352. § 1628a. Exchange of information related to trade enforcement

353. §1629 — Inspections and preclearance in foreign countries

354. §1630 — Authority to settle claims

355. §1631 — Use of private collection agencies

356. §1641 — Customs brokers

357. §1643 — Application of customs reorganization act

358. §1644 — Application of the Federal Aviation Act and section 1518(d) of title 33

359. § 1644a. Ports of entry

360. §1645 — Section 601 of the Merchant Marine Act, 1928, referred to in subsec. (b), was classified to section 891r of former Title 46, Shipping, and was repealed by the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 (approved June 29, 1936, ch. 858, § 903(c) , 49 Stat. 2016 ), but was reenacted in substance by section 901 of that Act, which was classified to section 1241 of the former Appendix to Title 46, Shipping. Section 901 of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 was subsequently repealed and restated in sections 55302, 55303, and 55305 of Title 46, Shipping, by Pub. L. 109–304 , §§ 8(c), 19, Oct. 6, 2006 , 120 Stat. 1586 , 1710. For disposition of sections of the former Appendix to Title 46, see Disposition Table preceding section 101 of Title 46 .

361. §1645 — Transportation and interment of remains of deceased employees in foreign countries; travel or shipping expenses incurred on foreign ships

362. § 1646a. Supervision by customs officers

363. § 1646b. Random customs inspections for stolen automobiles being exported

364. § 1646c. Export reporting requirement

365. §1648 — Uncertified checks, United States notes, and national bank notes receivable for customs duties

366. §1649 — Change in designation of customs attachés

367. §1650 — Transferred

368. §1651 — Repeals

369. §1651 — Section 16 of the act approved June 26, 1884 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is section 16 of act June 26, 1884, ch. 121 , 23 Stat. 57 , and was classified, prior to its repeal, to section 145 of this title . See section 1309 of this title .

370. §1651 — Section 2804 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in subsec. (a)(4), was classified, prior to its repeal, to section 192 of this title .

371. §1651 — Section 296 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (d)(3), was repealed in the general revision of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, by Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a) , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 636 . The office of the Assistant Attorney General in charge of customs matters was abolished by Reorg. Plan No. 4 of 1953, § 2, eff. June 20, 1953 .

372. §1652 — Separability

373. §1653 — Effective date of chapter

374. § 1653a. Transferred

375. §1654 — Short title

376. §1671 — Countervailing duties imposed

377. § 1671a. Procedures for initiating a countervailing duty investigation

378. § 1671b. Preliminary determinations

379. § 1671c. Termination or suspension of investigation

380. § 1671d. Final determinations

381. § 1671e. Assessment of duty

382. § 1671f. Treatment of difference between deposit of estimated countervailing duty and final assessed duty under countervailing duty order

383. § 1671g. Effect of derogation of Export-Import Bank financing

384. § 1671h. Conditional payment of countervailing duty

385. §1673 — Antidumping duties imposed If-

386. § 1673a. Procedures for initiating an antidumping duty investigation

387. § 1673b. Preliminary determinations

388. § 1673c. Termination or suspension of investigation

389. § 1673d. Final determinations

390. § 1673e. Assessment of duty

391. § 1673f. Treatment of difference between deposit of estimated antidumping duty and final assessed duty under antidumping duty order

392. § 1673g. Conditional payment of antidumping duty

393. § 1673h. Establishment of product categories for short life cycle merchandise

394. §1675 — Administrative review of determinations

395. §1675 — Section 1303 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(1), (b)(1)(A), and (c)(1)(A), (6)(C)(i), is defined in section 1677(26) of this title to mean section 1330 as in effect on the day before Jan. 1, 1995 .

396. § 1675a. Special rules for section 1675(b) and 1675(c) reviews

397. Section 1303 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(2) and (c), is defined in section 1677(26) of this title to mean section 1303 as in effect on the day before Jan. 1, 1995 .

398. § 1675b. Special rules for injury investigations for certain section 1303 or section 1671(c) countervailing duty orders and investigations

399. §1676 — Required consultations

400. § 1676a. Required determinations

401. §1677 — Definitions; special rules

402. §1677 — Section 1303 of this title ,

403. § 1677a. Export price and constructed export price

404. § 1677b. Normal value

405. § 1677c. Hearings

406. § 1677d. Countervailable subsidy practices discovered during a proceeding

407. § 1677e. Determinations on basis of facts available

408. § 1677f. Access to information

409. § 1677g. Interest on certain overpayments and underpayments

410. Section 1303 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is defined in section 1677(26) of this title to mean section 1330 as in effect on the day before Jan. 1, 1995 .

411. § 1677h. Drawback treatment

412. § 1677i. Downstream product monitoring

413. Section 1303 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(2)(B)(ii), (iii) and (d)(1)(A)(i), (ii), is defined in section 1677(26) of this title to mean section 1330 as in effect on the day before Jan. 1, 1995 .

414. Section 804 of the Trade and Tariff Act of 1984, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B)(i), is section 804 of Pub. L. 98–573 , which is set out as a note under section 2253 of this title .

415. § 1677j. Prevention of circumvention of antidumping and countervailing duty orders

416. Section 1303 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(1)(A)(iii), (b)(1)(A)(iii), (c)(1)(D), and (d)(1), is defined in section 1677(26) of this title to mean section 1330 as in effect on the day before Jan. 1, 1995 .

417. § 1677k. Third-country dumping

418. § 1677m. Conduct of investigations and administrative reviews

419. § 1677n. Antidumping petitions by third countries

420. Section 1677f of this title shall apply to investigations under this section, to the extent specified by the Trade Representative, after consultation with the administering authority and the Commission.

421. §1681 — Definitions

422. § 1681a. Requirements for entry of certain cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products

423. Chapter 52 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 5701 et seq. of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

424. § 1681b. Enforcement

425. §1683 — Definitions

426. § 1683a. Establishment of softwood lumber importer declaration program

427. Section 1683 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A), was in the original section “802”, and was translated as meaning the section 802 of act June 17, 1930 , as added by section 3301(a) of Pub. L. 110–246 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

428. § 1683b. Scope of softwood lumber importer declaration program

429. Section 1683a of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a) to (c), was in the original section “803”, and was translated as meaning the section 803 of act June 17, 1930 , as added by section 3301(a) of Pub. L. 110–246 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

430. § 1683c. Export charge determination and publication

431. § 1683d. Reconciliation

432. Section 1683a of this title , referred to in pars. (1) and (2), was in the original section “803”, and was translated as meaning the section 803 of act June 17, 1930 , as added by section 3301(a) of Pub. L. 110–246 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

433. Section 1683a, referred to in text, was in the original section “803”, and was translated as meaning the section 803 of act June 17, 1930 , as added by section 3301(a) of Pub. L. 110–246 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

434. § 1683e. Verification

435. § 1683f. Penalties

436. Section 1683a of this title , referred to in subsec. (f), was in the original section “803”, and was translated as meaning the section 803 of act June 17, 1930 , as added by section 3301(a) of Pub. L. 110–246 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

437. § 1683g. Reports

438. §1701 — Customs-enforcement area

439. §1703 — Seizure and forfeiture of vessels

440. §1704 — Refusal or revocation of registry, enrollment, license or number on evidence that vessel engaging in smuggling; appeal; immunity from liability

441. §1705 — Destruction of forfeited vessel or vehicle

442. §1706 — Importation in vessels under thirty tons and aircraft; licenses; labels as prima facie evidence of foreign origin of merchandise

443. § 1706a. Civil penalties for trading without required certificate of documentation

444. §1709 — Definitions

445. §1710 — Separability

446. §1711 — Citation of chapter

447. §1751 — Designation of fairs

448. §1752 — Entry of articles for fairs

449. §1753 — Disposition of articles entered for fairs

450. §1754 — Chapter 51 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to section 5001 et seq. of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

451. §1754 — Marking, packaging, and labeling requirements

452. §1755 — Responsibilities of fair operator

453. §1756 — Regulations

454. §1801 — Statement of purposes

455. §1806 — Definitions

456. §1821 — Basic authority for trade agreements

457. §1823 — Waiver of limitation on decrease in duty and negotiation and staging requirements for dicyandiamide and limestone

458. §1862 — Safeguarding national security

459. §1862 — Section 1. Proclamation No. 3279, as amended, is revoked.

460. §1862 — Section 1. The Oil Policy Committee, as reconstituted by this order, is hereby continued.

461. §1862 — Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(B), is classified to this section.

462. §1864 — Import sanctions for export violations

463. §1864 — Section 4604 of title 50 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

464. §1872 — Interagency trade organization

465. §1872 — Section 2251 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was amended generally by Pub. L. 100–418, title I, § 1401(a) , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1225 , and as so amended does not contain a subsec. (d). See section 2252(f) of this title .

466. §1872 — Section 2412 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(3), was amended generally by Pub. L. 100–418, title I, § 1301(a) , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1168 , and as so amended the provisions of subsec. (b)(2) of section 2412 are contained in subsec. (a)(4).

467. §1881 — Normal trade relations

468. §1881 — Section 401(a) of the Tariff Classification Act of 1962, referred to in text, is set out as a note under section 1351 of this title .

469. §1885 — Termination of proclamations

470. §1887 — Limitation on imports under section 624 of title 7

471. §1888 — References in other laws

472. §1888 — Section 350 of the Tariff Act of 1930, referred to in text, is classified to section 1351 of this title .

473. §1916 — Administration of financial assistance; recording of mortgages

474. §1916 — Section 1914 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 93–618, title VI, § 602(e) , Jan. 3, 1975 , 88 Stat. 2072 .

475. §1918 — Protective provisions

476. §1918 — Section 1917 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a) to (c), was in the original “section 317”, meaning section 317 of Pub. L. 87–794 , which enacted section 1917 of this title and amended sections 172(b), 6501(h), and 6511(d)(2)(A) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

477. §1919 — Penalties

478. §1920 — Suits by and against Secretary of Commerce

479. §1981 — General authority

480. §1981 — Section 1886 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 93–618, title VI, § 602(d) , Jan. 3, 1975 , 88 Stat. 2072 . See section 2481 of this title .

481. §1981 — Section 1901 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 93–618, title VI, § 602(d) , (e), Jan. 3, 1975 , 88 Stat. 2072 . See section 2251 et seq. of this title.

482. §1981 — Section 7 of the Trade Agreements Extension Act of 1951, referred to in subsecs. (c)(1) and (d)(1), (2), was classified to section 1364 of this title , and was repealed by section 257(e)(1) of Pub. L. 87–794 .

483. §1982 — Marketing agreements

484. §1982 — Section 1901 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 93–618, title VI, § 602(d) , (e), Jan. 3, 1975 , 88 Stat. 2072 . See section 2251 et seq. of this title.

485. §2001 — Congressional declaration of purposes

486. §2011 — Implementation of the Agreement

487. §2011 — Title IV of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a), means title IV of Pub. L. 89–283 which amended section 1202 of this title and Schedules 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7 of the Tariff Schedules of the United States, and enacted provisions set out as a note preceding section 1202 of this title .

488. §2013 — Effective date of proclamations

489. §2014 — Termination of proclamations

490. §2015 — Special reports to Congress

491. §2021 — General authority

492. §2021 — Section 2012 of this title , referred to in text, was omitted from the Code.

493. §2021 — Section 301 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, referred to in text, was classified to section 1901 of this title and was repealed by Pub. L. 93–618, title VI, § 602(d) , (e), Jan. 3, 1975 , 88 Stat. 2072 . See section 2251 et seq. of this title.

494. §2024 — Authorization of appropriations

495. §2031 — Authorities; delegation of functions; rules and regulations

496. §2032 — Annual report to Congress

497. §2033 — Applicability of antidumping provisions and antitrust laws

498. §2051 — Implementation of the Agreement; executive designation and duty of Federal agencies

499. §2052 — Assistance from other Federal agencies; facilities and personnel

500. §2071 — Establishment of Service; Commissioner; appointment

501. §2072 — Officers and employees

502. §2072 — Section 9503(c) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), is section 9503(c) of Pub. L. 100–203 , which was set out as a note under section 2071 of this title , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–125, title I, § 109(g)(1) , Feb. 24, 2016 , 130 Stat. 137 . For establishment of successor committee, see section 4316(a) of this title .

503. §2073 — Transfer of personnel, etc., to Service

504. §2074 — Establishment of revolving fund

505. §2075 — Appropriations authorization

506. §2076 — Advances in foreign countries

507. §2076 — Section 3648 of the Revised Statutes ( 31 U.S.C. 529b ) 1 1 See References in Text note below. shall not apply to payments made for the Bureau of Customs 2 2 See Change of Name note below. in foreign countries.

508. §2076 — Section 3648 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was classified to section 529 (not 529b) of former Title 31, Money and Finance, and subsequently repealed and restated as section 3324(a), (b) of Title 31 by Pub. L. 97–258 , §§ 1, 5(b), Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 950 , 1068.

509. §2077 — Advances for enforcement of customs provisions

510. §2078 — Certification of reason for advance

511. §2079 — Payments in foreign countries; claims for reimbursement

512. §2080 — Advances from available appropriations; rules and regulations

513. §2081 — Undercover investigative operations of Customs Service

514. §2082 — Customs Service administration

515. §2083 — Annual national trade and customs law violation estimates and enforcement strategy

516. §2084 — Office of Trade

517. §2091 — List of stone carvings and wall art; promulgation and revision; criteria for classification

518. §2092 — Export certification requirement

519. §2093 — Forfeiture of unlawful imports

520. §2094 — Rules and regulations

521. §2095 — Definitions

522. §2101 — Short title

523. §2102 — Congressional statement of purpose

524. §2111 — Basic authority for trade agreements

525. §2111 — Part 1

526. §2111 — Part 2

527. §2111 — Part 3

528. §2111 — Part 4

529. §2111 — Part 5

530. §2111 — Part 6

531. §2111 — Section 1. The Trade Agreements Program.

532. §2112 — Barriers to and other distortions of trade

533. §2112 — Section 1402 of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 96–39 .

534. §2113 — Overall negotiating objective

535. §2114 — Sector negotiating objective

536. § 2114a. Negotiating objectives with respect to trade in services, foreign direct investment, and high technology products

537. § 2114b. Provisions relating to international trade in services

538. § 2114c. Trade in services: development, coordination, and implementation of Federal policies; staff support and other assistance; specific service sector authorities unaffected; executive functions

539. § 2114d. Foreign export requirements; consultations and negotiations for reduction and elimination; restrictions on and exclusion from entry of products or services; savings provision; compensation authority applicable

540. § 2114e. Negotiation of agreements concerning high technology industries

541. §2115 — Bilateral trade agreements

542. §2116 — Agreements with developing countries

543. §2117 — International safeguard procedures

544. §2118 — Access to supplies

545. §2119 — Staging requirements and rounding authority

546. §2131 — Authorization of appropriation for GATT revision

547. §2132 — Balance-of-payments authority

548. §2133 — Compensation authority

549. §2134 — Two-year residual authority to negotiate duties

550. §2135 — Termination and withdrawal authority

551. §2136 — Reciprocal nondiscriminatory treatment

552. §2137 — Reservation of articles for national security or other reasons

553. §2151 — Advice from International Trade Commission

554. §2152 — Advice from executive departments and other sources

555. §2153 — Public hearings

556. §2154 — Prerequisites for offers

557. §2155 — Information and advice from private and public sectors

558. §2155 — Section 1. Establishment . There is established in the Office of the United States Trade Representative (“Trade Representative”[)] the “Trade and Environment Policy Advisory Committee” (“Committee”).

559. §2171 — Structure, functions, powers, and personnel

560. §2191 — Bills implementing trade agreements on nontariff barriers and resolutions approving commercial agreements with Communist countries

561. §2192 — Resolutions disapproving certain actions

562. §2192 — Section 203 of the Trade Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), is section 203 of Pub. L. 93–618 , title II, Jan. 3, 1975 , 88 Stat. 2015 , which is classified to section 2253 of this title .

563. §2193 — Resolutions relating to extension of waiver authority under section 402 of the Trade Act of 1974

564. §2193 — Section 402 of the Trade Act of 1974, referred to in catchline and subsec. (a), is classified to section 2432 of this title .

565. §2194 — Special rules relating to Congressional procedures

566. §2211 — Congressional advisers for trade policy and negotiations

567. §2212 — Transmission of agreements to Congress

568. §2213 — Reports

569. §2231 — Change of name

570. §2232 — Independent budget and authorization of appropriations

571. §2241 — Estimates of barriers to market access

572. §2241 — Section 1104(3) of the Internet Tax Freedom Act, referred to in subsec. (d), was redesignated section 1105(3) of the Act by Pub. L. 108–435, § 3(1) , Dec. 3, 2004 , 118 Stat. 2616 , and is set out in a note under section 151 of Title 47 , Telecommunications.

573. §2242 — Identification of countries that deny adequate protection, or market access, for intellectual property rights

574. §2251 — Action to facilitate positive adjustment to import competition

575. §2251 — Section 1. Whenever the United States International Trade Commission, in connection with investigations pursuant to Section 201 of the Trade Act of 1974 ( 19 U.S.C. 2251 ), collects factual data from firms on their sales, production, employment, and financial experience, the Commission shall provide such information to the Secretaries of Commerce and Labor.

576. §2252 — Investigations, determinations, and recommendations by Commission

577. §2252 — Title II of the United States-Jordan Free Trade Area Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(8), is title II of Pub. L. 107–43 , Sept. 28, 2001 , 115 Stat. 243 , which is set out in a note under section 2112 of this title .

578. §2252 — Title III of the United States-Australia Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(8), is title III of Pub. L. 108–286 , Aug. 3, 2004 , 118 Stat. 941 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

579. §2252 — Title III of the United States-Bahrain Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(8), is title III of Pub. L. 109–169 , Jan. 11, 2006 , 119 Stat. 3593 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

580. §2252 — Title III of the United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(8), is title III of Pub. L. 108–77 , Sept. 3, 2003 , 117 Stat. 909 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

581. §2252 — Title III of the United States-Morocco Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(8), is title III of Pub. L. 108–302 , Aug. 17, 2004 , 118 Stat. 1116 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

582. §2252 — Title III of the United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(8), is title III of Pub. L. 109–283 , Sept. 26, 2006 , 120 Stat. 1203 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

583. §2252 — Title III of the United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(8), is title III of Pub. L. 110–138 , Dec. 14, 2007 , 121 Stat. 1455 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

584. §2252 — Title III of the United States-Singapore Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(8), is title III of Pub. L. 108–78 , Sept. 3, 2003 , 117 Stat. 948 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

585. §2252 — Title III of the United States–Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(8), is title III of Pub. L. 112–42 , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 487 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

586. §2252 — Title III of the United States–Korea Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(8), is title III of Pub. L. 112–41 , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 451 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

587. §2252 — Title III of the United States–Panama Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(8), is title III of Pub. L. 112–43 , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 523 , which is set out in a note under section 3805 of this title .

588. §2253 — Action by President after determination of import injury

589. §2253 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 98–573 , as amended by Pub. L. 100–418, title I, § 1322 , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1195 ; Pub. L. 101–221 , §§ 2, 3(a), 4–6(a), Dec. 12, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1886–1889 , known as the Steel Import Stabilization Act, endorsed principles and goals of steel trade liberalization program as announced by the President on July 25, 1989 , and provided for its implementation, granted specific enforcement powers to President to carry out terms and conditions of bilateral arrangements entered into for purposes of implementing that program, made continuation of those powers subject to condition that steel industry continue to modernize its plant and equipment and provide for appropriate worker retraining, directed Secretary of Labor to prepare and submit to Congress plan of action for assisting workers in communities adversely affected by imports of steel products, and provided that section 805 which provided enforcement authority for President would terminate Mar. 31, 1992 .

590. §2254 — Monitoring, modification, and termination of action

591. §2255 — Trade monitoring

592. §2271 — Petitions

593. §2271 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding this section, which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

594. §2271 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

595. §2271 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding this section, which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

596. §2271 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

597. §2272 — Group eligibility requirements

598. §2272 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

599. §2272 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

600. §2272 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

601. §2272 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

602. §2273 — Determinations by Secretary of Labor

603. §2273 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

604. §2273 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

605. §2273 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

606. §2273 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

607. §2274 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

608. §2274 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

609. §2274 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

610. §2274 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

611. §2274 — Study by Secretary of Labor when International Trade Commission begins investigation

612. §2275 — Benefit information to workers

613. §2275 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

614. §2275 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

615. §2275 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

616. §2275 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

617. §2291 — Qualifying requirements for workers

618. §2291 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

619. §2291 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111—5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

620. §2291 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

621. §2291 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

622. §2292 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

623. §2292 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

624. §2292 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

625. §2292 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

626. §2292 — Weekly amounts

627. §2293 — Limitations on trade readjustment allowances

628. §2293 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

629. §2293 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

630. §2293 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

631. §2293 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

632. §2294 — Application of State laws

633. §2294 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

634. §2294 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111—5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

635. §2294 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

636. §2294 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

637. §2295 — Employment services

638. §2295 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

639. §2295 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111—5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

640. §2295 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

641. §2295 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

642. §2296 — Section 102 of such Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(5)(C), originally meaning section 102 of the Job Training Partnership Act, was classified to section 1512 of Title 29 , Labor, and was repealed by Pub. L. 105–220, title I, § 199(b)(2) , (c)(2)(B), Aug. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1059 , effective July 1, 2000 . Pursuant to former section 2940(b) of Title 29 , references to a provision of the Job Training Partnership Act, effective Aug. 7, 1998 , were deemed to refer to that provision or the corresponding provision of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998, Pub. L. 105–220 , Aug. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 936 , and, effective July 1, 2000 , were deemed to refer to the corresponding provision of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998. The Workforce Investment Act of 1998 was repealed by Pub. L. 113–128, title V , §§ 506, 511(a), July 22, 2014 , 128 Stat. 1703 , 1705, effective July 1, 2015 . Pursuant to section 3361(a) of Title 29 , references to a provision of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 are deemed to refer to the corresponding provision of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act, Pub. L. 113–128 , July 22, 2014 , 128 Stat. 1425 , effective July 1, 2015 . For complete classification of the Job Training Partnership Act and the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 to the Code, see Tables. For complete classification of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3101 of Title 29 and Tables.

643. §2296 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

644. §2296 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and Pub. L. 111–344 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009, 2010, and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, Effective Date of 2010 Amendment note, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

645. §2296 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

646. §2296 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

647. §2296 — Training

648. §2297 — Job search allowances

649. §2297 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

650. §2297 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

651. §2297 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

652. §2297 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

653. §2298 — Relocation allowances

654. §2298 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

655. §2298 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

656. §2298 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

657. §2298 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

658. §2311 — Agreements with States

659. §2311 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

660. §2311 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

661. §2311 — Section 2291(c)(2) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(3), was amended by Pub. L. 107–210, div. A, title I, § 115(a) , Aug. 6, 2002 , 116 Stat. 939 , and, as so amended, no longer contains provisions relating to certifications.

662. §2311 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

663. §2311 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

664. §2312 — Administration absent State agreement

665. §2313 — Payments to States

666. §2314 — Liabilities of certifying and disbursing officers

667. §2315 — Fraud and recovery of overpayments

668. §2315 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

669. §2315 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

670. §2315 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

671. §2315 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

672. §2316 — Penalties

673. §2316 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

674. §2316 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

675. §2316 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

676. §2316 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

677. §2317 — Authorization of appropriations

678. §2317 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

679. §2317 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and Pub. L. 111–344 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009, 2010, and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, Effective Date of 2010 Amendment note, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

680. §2317 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

681. §2317 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

682. §2318 — Demonstration project for alternative trade adjustment assistance for older workers

683. §2318 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

684. §2318 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and Pub. L. 111–344 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009, 2010, and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, Effective Date of 2010 Amendment note, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

685. §2318 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

686. §2318 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

687. §2319 — Definitions

688. §2319 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

689. §2319 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

690. §2319 — Section 205 of the Federal-State Extended Unemployment Compensation Act of 1970, referred to in par. (12), is section 205 of title II of Pub. L. 91–373 , which is set out in a note under section 3304 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

691. §2319 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

692. §2319 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

693. §2320 — Regulations

694. §2320 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

695. §2320 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

696. §2320 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

697. §2320 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

698. §2321 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

699. §2321 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

700. §2321 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

701. §2321 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

702. §2321 — Subpena power

703. §2341 — Petitions and determinations

704. §2341 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

705. §2341 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

706. §2341 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

707. §2341 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

708. §2342 — Approval of adjustment proposals

709. §2343 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

710. §2343 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

711. §2343 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

712. §2343 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

713. §2343 — Technical assistance

714. §2344 — Financial assistance

715. §2345 — Conditions for financial assistance

716. §2346 — Delegation of functions to Small Business Administration; authorization of appropriations

717. §2346 — Section 1912 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 93–618, title VI, § 602(e) , Jan. 3, 1975 , 88 Stat. 2072 . Section 1912(d) of this title authorized appropriations to the Secretary of Commerce to carry out functions under part II of subchapter III of chapter 7 of this title in connection with furnishing adjustment assistance to firms. See section 2341 et seq. of this title for successor provisions.

718. §2346 — Section 2342(d) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated section 2342(c) of this title by Pub. L. 99–272, title XIII, § 13006(a)(2) , Apr. 7, 1986 , 100 Stat. 304 .

719. §2347 — Administration of financial assistance

720. §2348 — Protective provisions

721. §2348 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

722. §2348 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

723. §2348 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

724. §2348 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

725. §2349 — Penalties

726. §2349 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

727. §2349 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

728. §2349 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

729. §2349 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

730. §2350 — Civil actions

731. §2350 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

732. §2350 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

733. §2350 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

734. §2350 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

735. §2351 — Definitions

736. §2351 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

737. §2351 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

738. §2351 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

739. §2351 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

740. §2352 — Regulations

741. §2352 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of renumbering by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the renumbering of this section by Pub. L. 111–5 was temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

742. §2352 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

743. §2352 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of the numbering of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the renumbering of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , was temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

744. §2354 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of renumbering by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the renumbering of this section by Pub. L. 111–5 was temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

745. §2354 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

746. §2354 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of the numbering of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the renumbering of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , was temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

747. §2354 — Study by Secretary of Commerce when International Trade Commission begins investigation; action where there is affirmative finding

748. §2355 — Assistance to industries

749. §2355 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of renumbering by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the renumbering of this section by Pub. L. 111–5 was temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

750. §2355 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

751. §2355 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of the numbering of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the renumbering of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , was temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

752. §2371 — Community College and Career Training Grant Program

753. §2371 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of section, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and this section, as added by Pub. L. 111–5 , as amended by Pub. L. 111–344 , and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , was revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , by Pub. L. 112–40, § 201(b) , (c). See 2010 and 2011 Amendment and Effective and Termination Dates notes below.

754. §2371 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, this section and the general amendment of this part not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this part be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if this section and the general amendment of this part had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 . See Codification note above.

755. §2372 — Authorization of appropriations

756. §2372 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of section, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and this section, as added by Pub. L. 111–5 , as amended by Pub. L. 111–152 , and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , was revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , by Pub. L. 112–40, § 201(b) , (c). See 2010 and 2011 Amendment and Effective and Termination Dates notes below.

757. §2372 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, this section and the general amendment of this part not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and this part to be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if this section and the general amendment of this part had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 . See Codification note above.

758. § 2372a. Transferred

759. §2391 — GAO study and report

760. §2392 — Adjustment Assistance Coordinating Committee

761. §2393 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

762. §2393 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

763. §2393 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

764. §2393 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

765. §2393 — Trade monitoring system

766. §2394 — Firms relocating in foreign countries

767. §2395 — Judicial review

768. §2395 — Section 1256 of title 28 , referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 123 , Apr. 2, 1982 , 96 Stat. 36 .

769. §2395 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

770. §2395 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

771. §2395 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

772. §2395 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

773. §2395 — Section 2371 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), means section 271 of Pub. L. 93–618 , which related to determinations by the Secretary of Commerce for community eligibility for adjustment assistance and was omitted from the Code as terminated Sept. 30, 1982 , pursuant to section 285 of Pub. L. 93–618 , set out as a Termination Date note preceding section 2271 of this title . Section 285 of Pub. L. 93–618 was amended generally by Pub. L. 107–210, div. A, title I, § 111(c) , Aug. 6, 2002 , 116 Stat. 936 , after which it no longer contained such termination provisions. Another section 271 of Pub. L. 93–618 , added as section 278 by Pub. L. 111–5 and renumbered as section 271 by Pub. L. 112–40 , relates to a Community College and Career Training Grant Program and is classified to section 2371 of this title .

774. §2401 — Definitions

775. §2401 — Section 1703(a) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, referred to in par. (2), probably should be a reference to section 1603 of Pub. L. 110–246 , because Pub. L. 110–246 does not contain a section 1703, and subsec. (b)(3) of section 1603 of Pub. L. 110–246 amended section 1308 of Title 7 , Agriculture, by striking out subsec. (e), which had related to issuance of regulations defining “person”.

776. §2401 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

777. §2401 — Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

778. §2401 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

779. §2401 — Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

780. § 2401a. Petitions; group eligibility

781. Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

782. Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

783. Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

784. Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

785. § 2401b. Determinations by Secretary of Agriculture

786. Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

787. Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

788. Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

789. Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

790. § 2401c. Study by Secretary of Agriculture when International Trade Commission begins investigation

791. § 2401d. Benefit information to agricultural commodity producers

792. § 2401e. Qualifying requirements for agricultural commodity producers

793. Section 1308(c) of title 7 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), was struck out, and new subsecs. (b) and (c) containing provisions relating to counter-cyclical payments were added, by Pub. L. 110–246, § 1603(b)(2) . Those subsecs. (b) and (c) were subsequently struck out, and new subsecs. (b) and (c) relating to limitations on total amount of payments were added, by Pub. L. 113–79, § 1603(a) .

794. Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

795. Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

796. Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

797. Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

798. § 2401f. Fraud and recovery of overpayments

799. Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

800. Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009 and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

801. Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

802. Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

803. § 2401g. Authorization of appropriations

804. Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , formerly set out as a Termination Date of 2009 Amendment note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided that, except as otherwise provided, amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 not applicable on or after Feb. 13, 2011 , and that this section be applied and administered beginning Feb. 13, 2011 , as if amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 had never been enacted, was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , effective Oct. 21, 2011 . See Codification note above.

805. Section 1893 of Pub. L. 111–5 , which provided for Feb. 13, 2011 , termination of amendment by Pub. L. 111–5 , was repealed by Pub. L. 112–40, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 21, 2011 , 125 Stat. 403 , and the provisions of this section, as amended by Pub. L. 111–5 and Pub. L. 111–344 and as in effect on Feb. 12, 2011 , were temporarily revived, effective Oct. 21, 2011 , until Jan. 1, 2014 , by Pub. L. 112–40 , §§ 201(b), (c), 233. See 2009, 2010, and 2011 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment notes, Effective Date of 2010 Amendment note, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes below.

806. Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , formerly set out as a note preceding section 2271 of this title , which provided for the reversion, beginning on Jan. 1, 2014 , of the provisions of this section to those in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , subject to certain exceptions, was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , effective June 29, 2015 . See Codification note above.

807. Section 233 of Pub. L. 112–40 , which provided for the Jan. 1, 2014 , revival of this section as in effect on Feb. 13, 2011 , was repealed by Pub. L. 114–27, title IV, § 402(a) , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 374 , and the provisions of this section, as in effect on Dec. 31, 2013 , were temporarily revived, effective June 29, 2015 , until July 1, 2021 , by Pub. L. 114–27 , §§ 402(b), (c), 406. See 2011 and 2015 Amendment notes, Effective and Termination Dates of 2011 Revival notes, and Effective and Termination Dates of 2015 Revival notes below.

808. §2411 — Actions by United States Trade Representative

809. §2411 — Section 1. Policy . (a) In administering sections 301–310 of the Trade Act of 1974 [ 19 U.S.C. 2411–242 0], the United States shall not seek, through negotiation or otherwise, the revocation or revision of any intellectual property law or policy of a beneficiary sub-Saharan African country, as determined by the President, that regulates HIV/AIDS pharmaceuticals or medical technologies if the law or policy of the country:

810. §2411 — Section 2416(c)(2) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(9), was redesignated section 2416(d)(2) of this title by Pub. L. 114–125, title VI, § 602(a)(1) , Feb. 24, 2016 , 130 Stat. 184 .

811. §2412 — Initiation of investigations

812. §2413 — Consultation upon initiation of investigation

813. §2414 — Determinations by Trade Representative

814. §2415 — Implementation of actions

815. §2416 — Monitoring of foreign compliance

816. §2417 — Modification and termination of actions

817. §2418 — Request for information

818. §2419 — Administration

819. §2420 — Section 1. Identification . (a) Within 6 months of the submission of the National Trade Estimate Report (required by section 181(b) of the Act ( 19 U.S.C. 2241 )) for 1996 and 1997, the United States Trade Representative (“Trade Representative”) shall review United States trade expansion priorities and identify priority foreign country practices, the elimination of which is likely to have the most significant potential to increase United States exports, either directly or through the establishment of a beneficial precedent. The Trade Representative shall submit to the Committee on Finance of the Senate and the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives, and shall publish in the Federal Register, a report on the priority foreign country practices identified.

820. §2420 — Section 1. Identification and Annual Report . (a) Within 30 days of the submission of the National Trade Estimate Report for 1999, 2000, and 2001, the Trade Representative shall submit to the Committees on Finance and on Governmental Affairs [now Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs] of the Senate and the Committees on Ways and Means and Government Reform and Oversight [now Committee on Oversight and Accountability] of the House of Representatives, and shall publish in the Federal Register, a report on the extent to which foreign countries discriminate against U.S. products or services in making government procurements.

821. §2420 — Section 1. Identification and Annual Report . (a) Within 30 days of the submission of the National Trade Estimate Report required by section 181(b) of the Act ( 19 U.S.C. 2241(b) ) for 1999, 2000, and 2001, the United States Trade Representative (Trade Representative) shall review United States trade expansion priorities and identify priority foreign country practices, the elimination of which is likely to have the most significant potential to increase United States exports, either directly or through the establishment of a beneficial precedent. The Trade Representative shall submit to the Committee on Finance of the Senate and the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives, and shall publish in the Federal Register, a report on the priority foreign country practices identified.

822. §2420 — Section 1. Presidential Direction . The authorities delegated pursuant to this order shall be exercised subject to any subsequent direction by the President in a particular matter.

823. §2420 — Trade enforcement priorities

824. §2431 — Exception of products of certain countries or areas

825. §2432 — Freedom of emigration in East-West trade

826. §2433 — United States personnel missing in action in Southeast Asia

827. §2434 — Extension of nondiscriminatory treatment

828. §2435 — Commercial agreements

829. §2436 — Market disruption

830. §2436 — Section 1401 of such Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 1401 of Pub. L. 100–418 , known as the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988, which enacted section 2254 of this title , amended sections 1330, 2133, 2251 to 2253, 2274, 2354, and 2703 of this title, enacted a provision set out as a note under section 2251 of this title , and amended a provision set out as a note under section 2112 of this title .

831. §2437 — Procedure for Congressional approval or disapproval of extension of nondiscriminatory treatment and Presidential reports

832. §2438 — Payment by Czechoslovakia of amounts owed United States citizens and nationals

833. §2439 — Freedom to emigrate to join a very close relative in United States

834. §2461 — Authority to extend preferences

835. §2462 — Designation of beneficiary developing countries

836. §2462 — Section 4605(j)(1)(A) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(F), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . For provisions similar to those of former section 4605(j)(1)(A) of title 50 , see section 4813(c)(1)(A)(i) of title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

837. §2463 — Designation of eligible articles

838. §2464 — Review and report to Congress

839. §2465 — Date of termination

840. §2466 — Agricultural exports of beneficiary developing countries

841. § 2466a. Designation of sub-Saharan African countries for certain benefits

842. Section 1. Authorities and Functions under the Act . (a) Except as provided in subsections (b), (c), and (d) of this section, the authorities granted to and functions specifically assigned to the President under title I of the Act are delegated and assigned, respectively, to the United States Trade Representative (U.S. Trade Representative).

843. Section 2466a(c) of this title , referred to in text, was redesignated section 2466a(e) of this title by Pub. L. 114–27, title I, § 105(b) , (c), June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 366 .

844. § 2466b. Termination of benefits for sub-Saharan African countries

845. §2467 — Definitions

846. §2481 — Definitions

847. §2481 — Section 1402 of this title , referred to in par. (4), was repealed by Pub. L. 96–39, title II, § 201(b) , July 26, 1979 , 93 Stat. 201 .

848. §2482 — Exercise of functions of International Trade Commission

849. §2483 — Consequential changes in Tariff Schedules of the United States

850. §2484 — International drug control

851. §2485 — Voluntary limitations on exports of steel to United States

852. §2486 — Trade relations with North American countries

853. §2491 — Short title

854. §2492 — Tariff treatment of products of uncooperative major drug producing or drug-transit countries

855. §2493 — Sugar quota

856. §2494 — Progress reports

857. §2495 — Definitions

858. §2497 — Section 1001(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (as amended by section 1603 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008), referred to in subsecs. (f)(4)(A) and (h)(1), means section 1001(a) of Pub. L. 99–198 , as amended by section 1603 of Pub. L. 110–246 , which is classified to section 1308(a) of Title 7 , Agriculture.

859. §2497 — Section 1105 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, referred to in subsec. (b)(4)(A)(iii), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1103(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 658 .

860. §2497 — Section 2279(e) of title 7 , referred to in subsec. (a)(18), was redesignated section 2279(a) of title 7 by Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, § 12301(b)(3) , Dec. 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4951 .

861. §2497 — Supplemental agricultural disaster assistance

862. § 2497a. Agricultural Disaster Relief Trust Fund

863. § 2497b. Jurisdiction

864. §2501 — Short title

865. §2502 — Purposes

866. §2503 — Approval of trade agreements

867. §2503 — Section 2136(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B), was repealed, and section 2136(d) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(3), which defined the term “major industrial country” was redesignated section 2136(c), by Pub. L. 105–362, title XIV, § 1401(b)(1) , Nov. 10, 1998 , 112 Stat. 3294 .

868. §2504 — Relationship of trade agreements to United States law

869. §2511 — General authority to modify discriminatory purchasing requirements

870. §2511 — Section 1. In applying the provisions of the Buy American Act, the heads of the agencies listed in Annex 1, Parts A and B, of this order are requested, as of the date of this order, to apply no price differential between articles, materials, or supplies of U.S. origin and those originating in the member states of the EC.

871. §2512 — Authority to encourage reciprocal competitive procurement practices

872. §2513 — Waiver of discriminatory purchasing requirements with respect to purchases of civil aircraft

873. §2514 — Expansion of the coverage of the Agreement

874. §2514 — Section 2516 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–355, title VII, § 7206(c) , Oct. 13, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3382 , and Pub. L. 103–465, title III, § 342(d) , Dec. 8, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4953 .

875. §2515 — Monitoring and enforcement

876. §2517 — Availability of information to Members of Congress designated as official advisers

877. §2518 — Definitions

878. §2518 — Section 601(a)(2), referred to in par. (2), is section 601(a)(2) of Pub. L. 96–39 title VI, July 26, 1979 , 93 Stat. 267 , which directed a duty rate of “Free” in the rate column numbered 1 of the Tariff Schedules of the United States for articles classified under specified items between 518.51 and 772.65 which the President determines would provide coverage comparable to that provided by foreign countries in the Annex to the Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft if such articles were certified for use in civil aircraft in accordance with headnote 3 to schedule 6, part 6, subpart C of the Tariff Schedules of the United States. The Tariff Schedules of the United States were replaced by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, which is not set out in the Code. See Publication of Harmonized Tariff Schedule note set out under section 1202 of the title.

879. §2531 — Certain standards-related activities

880. §2532 — Federal standards-related activities

881. §2532 — Section 2571(6)(A) of this title , referred to in par. (2)(B)(ii), was amended generally by Pub. L. 103–465, title III, § 351(e)(4) , Dec. 8, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4956 , and, as so amended, no longer contains clauses.

882. §2533 — State and private standards-related activities

883. §2541 — Functions of Trade Representative

884. §2542 — Establishment and operation of technical offices

885. §2543 — Representation of United States interests before international standards organizations

886. §2544 — Standards information center

887. §2545 — Contracts and grants

888. §2546 — Technical assistance

889. §2547 — Consultations with representatives of domestic interests

890. §2551 — Right of action

891. §2552 — Representations

892. §2553 — Action after receipt of representations

893. §2554 — Procedure after finding by international forum

894. §2561 — Findings of reciprocity required in administrative proceedings

895. §2562 — Consideration of standards-related activities by an international forum

896. §2571 — Chapter 2 of part I of title 5, referred to in par. (3), probably means chapter 1 of part I of title 5, which is classified to section 101 et seq. of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and which relates to organization of agencies.

897. §2571 — Definitions

898. §2572 — Exemptions

899. §2573 — Reports to Congress on operation of agreement

900. §2575 — General

901. § 2575a. Inquiry point

902. § 2575b. Subpart definitions

903. §2576 — General

904. § 2576a. Inquiry point

905. § 2576b. Subpart definitions

906. §2577 — Definitions

907. §2578 — Notice of United States participation in international standard-setting activities

908. § 2578a. Equivalence determinations

909. § 2578b. Definitions

910. §2581 — Auction of import licenses

911. §2601 — Definitions

912. §2601 — Section 1483 of this title , referred to in par. (4), was repealed by Pub. L. 97–446, title II, § 201(c) , Jan. 12, 1983 , 96 Stat. 2349 . Prior to repeal, section 1483 read: “For the purposes of this subtitle— “(1) All merchandise imported into the United States shall be held to be the property of the person to whom the same is consigned; and the holder of a bill of lading or the holder of an air waybill duly indorsed by the consignee therein named, or, in the case of a bill of lading if consigned to order, by the consignor, shall be deemed the consignee thereof; except that this section shall not limit in any way the rights of the consignor, as prescribed by article 12 of the Warsaw Convention ( 49 Stat. 3017 ). The underwriters of abandoned merchandise and the salvors of merchandise saved from a wreck at sea or on or along a coast of the United States may be regarded as the consignees. “(2) A person making entry of merchandise under the provisions of subdivision (h) or (i) of section 1484 of this title (relating to entry on carrier’s certificate and on duplicate bill of lading, respectively) shall be deemed the sole consignee thereof.”

913. §2601 — Section 2605 of this title , referred to in par. (3), was in original “section 206” and was translated as section 2605 of this title , which is section 306 of Pub. L. 97–446 , as the probable intent of Congress.

914. §2602 — Agreements to implement Article 9 of the convention

915. §2602 — Section 1. United States Information Agency . The following functions conferred upon the President by the Act are hereby delegated to the Director of the United States Information Agency, acting in consultation with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security:

916. §2602 — Section 2603 of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(B), was in the original “section 204”, and was translated as section 2603 of this title , which is section 304 of Pub. L. 97–446 , as the probable intent of Congress.

917. §2603 — Emergency implementation of import restrictions

918. §2603 — Section 2602 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(4), was in the original “section 203”, and was translated as section 2602 of this title , which is section 303 of Pub. L. 97–446 , as the probable intent of Congress.

919. §2604 — Designation of materials covered by agreements or emergency actions

920. §2605 — Cultural Property Advisory Committee

921. §2606 — Import restrictions

922. §2607 — Stolen cultural property

923. §2608 — Temporary disposition of materials and articles subject to this chapter

924. §2609 — Section 2607 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was in the original “section 208”, and was translated as section 2607 of this title , which is section 308 of Pub. L. 97–446 , as the probable intent of Congress.

925. §2609 — Seizure and forfeiture

926. §2610 — Evidentiary requirements

927. §2611 — Certain material and articles exempt from this chapter

928. §2612 — Regulations

929. §2613 — Enforcement

930. §2701 — Authority to grant duty-free treatment

931. §2702 — Beneficiary country

932. §2703 — Eligible articles

933. §2703 — Section 108(b)(5) of Public Law 103–182 , referred to in subsec. (b)(5)(D)(ii), was classified to section 3317(b)(5) of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 116–113, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 29, 2020 , 134 Stat. 78 , effective on the date the USMCA entered into force ( July 1, 2020 ).

934. §2703 — Section 2701 of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(5)(A), was in the original “ section 101 of this title ” which has been translated as the probable intent of Congress as meaning section 211 of this title .

935. §2703 — Section 423 of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 423 of Pub. L. 99–514 , title IV, Oct. 22, 1986 , 100 Stat. 2230 , which amended this section and General Headnote 3(a)(i) of the Tariff Schedules of the United States formerly set out under section 1202 of this title , and enacted provisions set out as a note below.

936. § 2703a. Special rules for Haiti

937. §2704 — International Trade Commission reports on impact of Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Program

938. §2705 — Impact study by Secretary of Labor

939. §2706 — Effective date

940. §2707 — Center for the Study of Western Hemispheric Trade

941. §2801 — Congressional findings and purposes

942. §2802 — Definitions

943. §2803 — Designation of major wine trading countries

944. §2803 — Section 854(a) of the Trade Agreements Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 854(a) of Pub. L. 96–39 , title VIII, July 26, 1979 , 93 Stat. 294 , which is set out as a note under section 2135 of this title .

945. §2804 — Actions to reduce or eliminate tariff and nontariff barriers affecting United States wine

946. §2804 — Section 854(a) of the Trade Agreements Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 854(a) of Pub. L. 96–39 , title VIII, July 26, 1979 , 93 Stat. 294 , which is set out as a note under section 2135 of this title .

947. §2805 — Required consultations

948. §2806 — Section 135 of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1982, referred to in par. (1), is section 135 of Pub. L. 97–253 , title I, Sept. 8, 1982 , 96 Stat. 772 , which is set out as a note under section 612c of Title 7 , Agriculture.

949. §2806 — United States wine export promotion

950. §2901 — Overall and principal trade negotiating objectives of the United States

951. §2901 — Section 1–101. Accession of State Trading Regimes to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade . The functions vested in the President by sections 1106(a), (b) and (d) of the Omnibus Trade Act [ 19 U.S.C. 2905(a) , (b), (d)], regarding the accession of state trading regimes to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, are delegated to the United States Trade Representative.

952. §2902 — Trade agreement negotiating authority

953. §2903 — Implementation of trade agreements

954. §2903 — Section 151 of the Trade Act of 1974, referred to in subsecs. (b)(5)(A) and (c)(1)(E), is classified to section 2191 of this title .

955. §2904 — Termination and reservation authority; reciprocal nondiscriminatory treatment

956. §2905 — Accession of state trading regimes to General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade or WTO

957. §2906 — Definitions

958. §3001 — Purposes

959. §3002 — Definitions

960. §3002 — Title I of the Tariff Act of 1930 ( 19 U.S.C. 1202 ) as in effect on the day before the effective date of the amendment to such title under section 1204(a), referred to in par. (5), is title I of act June 17, 1930, ch. 497 , 46 Stat. 590 , as in effect on the day before Jan. 1, 1989 . Title I of the Tariff Act of 1930 which comprised the Tariff Schedules of the United States was not set out in the Code.

961. §3003 — Congressional approval of United States accession to the Convention

962. §3004 — Enactment of Harmonized Tariff Schedule

963. §3005 — Commission review of, and recommendations regarding, Harmonized Tariff Schedule

964. §3006 — Presidential action on Commission recommendations

965. §3007 — Publication of Harmonized Tariff Schedule

966. §3008 — Import and export statistics

967. §3009 — Coordination of trade policy and Convention

968. §3010 — United States participation on Customs Cooperation Council regarding Convention

969. §3011 — Transition to Harmonized Tariff Schedule

970. §3012 — Reference to Harmonized Tariff Schedule

971. §3101 — Findings and purposes

972. §3102 — Definitions

973. §3103 — Investigation of foreign telecommunications trade barriers

974. §3104 — Chapter 17 of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “part 1 of subtitle A”, meaning part 1 (§§ 1101–1117) of subtitle A of title I of Pub. L. 100–418 , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1121 , which enacted chapter 17 (§ 2901 et seq.) of this title and amended sections 2131, 2133, and 2191 of this title. For complete classification of part 1 to the Code, see Tables.

975. §3104 — Negotiations in response to investigation

976. §3105 — Actions to be taken if no agreement obtained

977. §3106 — Review of trade agreement implementation by Trade Representative

978. §3107 — Compensation authority

979. §3108 — Consultations

980. §3109 — Chapter 17 of this title, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), was in the original “part 1 of subtitle A”, meaning part 1 (§§ 1101–1117) of subtitle A of title I of Pub. L. 100–418 , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1121 , which enacted chapter 17 (§ 2901 et seq.) of this title and amended sections 2131, 2133, and 2191 of this title. For complete classification of part 1 to the Code, see Tables.

981. §3109 — Submission of data; action to ensure compliance

982. §3110 — Study on telecommunications competitiveness in United States

983. §3111 — International obligations

984. §3201 — Authority to grant duty-free treatment

985. §3202 — Beneficiary country

986. §3203 — Eligible articles

987. §3203 — Section 223 of the Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Expansion Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (a)(4), is section 223 of Pub. L. 101–382 , title II, Aug. 20, 1990 , 104 Stat. 659 , which is not classified to the Code.

988. §3204 — International Trade Commission reports on impact of this chapter

989. §3206 — Termination of preferential treatment

990. §3372 — Section 3371, Pub. L. 103–182, title III, § 311 , Dec. 8, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2106 , which related to NAFTA article impact in import relief cases under the Trade Act of 1974, was renumbered as section 301 of subtitle A of title III of Pub. L. 116–113 by Pub. L. 116–113, title V, § 502(b)(1) –(3), Jan. 29, 2020 , 134 Stat. 70 , and transferred to section 4551 of this title .

991. §3372 — Section 3372, Pub. L. 103–182, title III, § 312 , Dec. 8, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2107 , which related to presidential actions regarding NAFTA imports, was renumbered as section 302 of subtitle A of title III of Pub. L. 116–113 by Pub. L. 116–113, title V, § 502(c)(1) –(3), Jan. 29, 2020 , 134 Stat. 70 , and transferred to section 4552 of this title .

992. §3372 — Transferred

993. §3401 — Transferred

994. §3472 — Agreement on Environmental Cooperation

995. §3472 — Section 1. POLICY. (a) The North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (“Environmental Cooperation Agreement”) shall be implemented consistent with United States policy for the protection of human, animal or plant life or health, and the environment. The Environmental Cooperation Agreement shall also be implemented to advance sustainable development, pollution prevention, environmental justice, ecosystem protection, and biodiversity preservation and in a manner that promotes transparency and public participation in accordance with the North American Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”) and the Environmental Cooperation Agreement.

996. §3473 — Agreement on Border Environment Cooperation Commission

997. §3473 — Section 1. The Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the United Mexican States Concerning the Establishment of a Border Environment Cooperation Commission and a North American Development Bank, as amended by the Protocol of Amendment done at Washington and Mexico City, November 25 and 26, 2002 (“Agreement”) shall be implemented consistent with United States policy for the protection of human, animal or plant life or health, and the environment. The Agreement shall also be implemented to advance sustainable development, pollution prevention, environmental justice, ecosystem protection, and biodiversity preservation and in a manner that promotes transparency and public participation in accordance with the North American Free Trade Agreement and the Agreement.

998. §3501 — Definitions

999. §3511 — Approval and entry into force of Uruguay Round Agreements

1000. §3511 — Section 1. The provisions of the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies (U.N. General Assembly Resolution 179 (II) of November 21, 1947 , 33 U.N.T.S. 261) shall apply to the World Trade Organization, its officials, and the representatives of its members, provided: (1) sections 19(b) and 15, regarding immunity from taxation, and sections 13(d) and section 20, regarding immunity from national service obligations, shall not apply to U.S. nationals and aliens admitted for permanent residence; (2) with respect to section 13(d) and section 19(c), regarding exemption from immigration restrictions and alien registration requirements, World Trade Organization officials and representatives of its members shall be entitled to the same, and no greater, privileges, exemptions, and immunities as are accorded under similar circumstances to officers and employees of foreign governments, and members of their families; (3) with respect to section 9(a) regarding exemption from taxation, such exemption shall not extend to taxes levied on real property, or that portion of real property, which is not used for the purposes of the World Trade Organization. The leasing or renting by the World Trade Organization of its property to another entity or person to generate revenue shall not be considered a use for the purposes of the World Trade Organization. Whether property or portions thereof are used for the purposes of the World Trade Organization shall be determined within the sole discretion of the Secretary of State or the Secretary’s designee; (4) with respect to section 25(2)(II) regarding approval of orders to leave the United States, “Foreign Minister” shall mean the Secretary of State or the Secretary’s designee.

1001. §3512 — Relationship of agreements to United States law and State law

1002. §3513 — Implementing actions in anticipation of entry into force; regulations

1003. §3521 — Tariff modifications

1004. §3522 — Liquidation or reliquidation and refund of duty paid on certain entries

1005. §3523 — Duty free treatment for octadecyl isocyanate and 5-Chloro-2-(2,4-dichloro-phenoxy)phenol

1006. §3524 — Consultation and layover requirements for, and effective date of, proclaimed actions

1007. §3531 — Definitions

1008. §3532 — Implementation of Uruguay Round Agreements

1009. §3533 — Dispute settlement panels and procedures

1010. §3534 — Annual report on WTO

1011. §3535 — Review of participation in WTO

1012. §3536 — Increased transparency

1013. §3537 — Access to WTO dispute settlement process

1014. §3538 — Administrative action following WTO panel reports

1015. §3539 — Fund for WTO dispute settlements

1016. §3551 — Working party on worker rights

1017. §3552 — Implementation of Rules of Origin work program

1018. §3553 — Membership in WTO of boycotting countries

1019. §3553 — Section 4607(a) of title 50 (as in effect on August 20, 1994 ), referred to in text, means section 4607(a) of Title 50 , War and National Defense, prior to its repeal by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1020. §3554 — Africa trade and development policy

1021. §3555 — Objectives for extended negotiations

1022. §3556 — Certain nonrubber footwear

1023. §3571 — Subsidies enforcement

1024. §3572 — Review of Subsidies Agreement

1025. §3581 — Objectives in intellectual property

1026. §3591 — Textile product integration

1027. §3592 — Rules of origin for textile and apparel products

1028. §3601 — Administration of tariff-rate quotas

1029. §3602 — Special agricultural safeguard authority

1030. §3621 — Tobacco proclamation authority

1031. §3623 — Study of milk marketing order system

1032. §3624 — Additional program funding

1033. §3701 — Findings

1034. §3702 — Statement of policy

1035. §3703 — Eligibility requirements

1036. §3704 — United States-Sub-Saharan Africa Trade and Economic Cooperation Forum

1037. §3705 — Reporting requirement

1038. §3706 — Sub-Saharan Africa defined

1039. §3707 — Activities in support of transparency

1040. §3721 — Section 2466a(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated section 2466a(e) of this title by Pub. L. 114–27, title I, § 105(b) , (c), June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 366 .

1041. §3721 — Treatment of certain textiles and apparel

1042. §3722 — Protections against transshipment

1043. §3723 — Free trade agreements with sub-Saharan African countries

1044. §3724 — Assistant United States Trade Representative for African Affairs

1045. §3731 — Sense of the Congress regarding comprehensive debt relief for the world’s poorest countries

1046. §3732 — Executive branch initiatives

1047. §3733 — Overseas Private Investment Corporation initiatives

1048. §3733 — Section 2193(e) of title 22 , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title VI, § 1464(2) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3513 .

1049. §3734 — Export-Import Bank initiatives

1050. §3735 — Expansion of the United States and Foreign Commercial Service in sub-Saharan Africa

1051. §3736 — Donation of air traffic control equipment to eligible sub-Saharan African countries

1052. §3737 — Additional authorities and increased flexibility to provide assistance under the Development Fund for Africa

1053. §3738 — Assistance from United States private sector to prevent and reduce HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa

1054. §3739 — Sense of the Congress relating to HIV/AIDS crisis in sub-Saharan Africa

1055. §3740 — Study on improving African agricultural practices

1056. §3741 — Sense of the Congress regarding efforts to combat desertification in Africa and other countries

1057. §3801 — Section 1. Trade Promotion . (a) Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, the authorities granted to and functions specifically assigned to the President under Division B of the Act [ 19 U.S.C. 3801 et seq.] are delegated and assigned, respectively, to the United States Trade Representative (U.S. Trade Representative).

1058. §3801 — Short title and findings

1059. §3802 — Trade negotiating objectives

1060. §3803 — Trade agreements authority

1061. §3804 — Consultations and assessment

1062. §3805 — Implementation of trade agreements

1063. §3806 — Treatment of certain trade agreements for which negotiations have already begun

1064. §3807 — Congressional Oversight Group

1065. §3808 — Additional implementation and enforcement requirements

1066. §3809 — Committee staff

1067. §3810 — Application of certain provisions

1068. §3810 — Section 2137 of this title , referred to in text, was in the original a reference to section 127 of the Trade Act of 1974, Pub. L. 93–618 , which enacted section 2137 of this title and amended section 1862 of this title .

1069. §3811 — Report on impact of trade promotion authority

1070. §3812 — Interests of small business

1071. §3813 — Definitions

1072. §3901 — Findings

1073. §3901 — Section 1. Prohibitions . Notwithstanding the existence of any rights or obligations conferred or imposed by any contract entered into or any license or permit granted prior to July 30, 2003 , the following are, except to the extent a waiver issued under section 4(b) of the Act [ 19 U.S.C. 3903(b) ] applies, prohibited:

1074. §3902 — Definitions

1075. §3903 — Measures for the importation and exportation of rough diamonds

1076. §3904 — Regulatory and other authority

1077. §3905 — Importing and exporting authorities

1078. §3906 — Statement of policy

1079. §3907 — Enforcement

1080. §3908 — Technical assistance

1081. §3909 — Sense of Congress

1082. §3910 — Kimberley Process Implementation Coordinating Committee

1083. §3911 — Reports

1084. §3912 — GAO report

1085. §3913 — Delegation of authorities

1086. §4001 — Purposes

1087. §4002 — Definitions

1088. §4011 — Approval and entry into force of the Agreement

1089. §4012 — Relationship of the Agreement to United States and State law

1090. §4013 — Implementing actions in anticipation of entry into force and initial regulations

1091. §4014 — Consultation and layover provisions for, and effective date of, proclaimed actions

1092. §4015 — Administration of dispute settlement proceedings

1093. §4016 — Arbitration of claims

1094. §4031 — Tariff modifications

1095. §4032 — Additional duties on certain agricultural goods

1096. §4032 — Part A of subchapter III of this chapter, referred to in subsec. (a)(5)(A), was in the original “subtitle A of title III of this Act”, meaning subtitle A (§§ 311–316) of title III of Pub. L. 109–53 , Aug. 2, 2005 , 119 Stat. 488 , which enacted part A of subchapter III (§ 4061 et seq.) of this chapter and amended section 2252 of this title . For complete classification of subtitle A to the Code, see Tables.

1097. §4033 — Rules of origin

1098. §4034 — Retroactive application for certain liquidations and reliquidations of textile or apparel goods

1099. §4035 — Enforcement relating to trade in textile or apparel goods

1100. §4036 — Regulations

1101. §4036 — Section 204, referred to in par. (2), is section 204 of Pub. L. 109–53 , which amended section 58c of this title .

1102. §4051 — Definitions

1103. §4061 — Commencing of action for relief

1104. §4062 — Commission action on petition

1105. §4063 — Provision of relief

1106. §4064 — Termination of relief authority

1107. §4065 — Compensation authority

1108. §4081 — Commencement of action for relief

1109. §4082 — Determination and provision of relief

1110. §4083 — Period of relief

1111. §4084 — Articles exempt from relief

1112. §4084 — Part A, referred to in par. (2)(A), was in the original “subtitle A”, meaning subtitle A (§§ 311–316) of title III of Pub. L. 109–53 , Aug. 2, 2005 , 119 Stat. 488 , which enacted part A of this subchapter and amended section 2252 of this title . For complete classification of subtitle A to the Code, see Tables.

1113. §4085 — Rate after termination of import relief

1114. §4086 — Termination of relief authority

1115. §4087 — Compensation authority

1116. §4088 — Confidential business information

1117. §4101 — Findings and action on goods of CAFTA–DR countries

1118. §4111 — Periodic reports and meetings on labor obligations and labor capacity-building provisions

1119. §4112 — Earned import allowance program

1120. §4201 — Section 1. Authorities and Functions under the Act . (a) Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, the authorities granted to and functions specifically assigned to the President under title I of the Act are delegated and assigned, respectively, to the United States Trade Representative (U.S. Trade Representative).

1121. §4201 — Trade negotiating objectives

1122. §4202 — Trade agreements authority

1123. §4203 — Congressional oversight, consultations, and access to information

1124. §4204 — Notice, consultations, and reports

1125. §4205 — Implementation of trade agreements

1126. §4206 — Treatment of certain trade agreements for which negotiations have already begun

1127. §4207 — Sovereignty

1128. §4208 — Interests of small businesses

1129. §4209 — Application of certain provisions

1130. §4210 — Definitions

1131. §4301 — Definitions

1132. §4301 — Sec. 2. Criteria for the Importer of Record Program, Including Exclusion of Trade Violators . (a) The Secretary of Homeland Security shall issue a notice of proposed rulemaking to establish criteria importers must meet in order to obtain an importer of record number.

1133. §4301 — Sec. 3. Responsibilities of Express Consignment Operators, Carriers, Hub Facilities, and Licensed Customs Brokers . (a) Consistent with applicable law, the Secretary of Homeland Security, through the Commissioner of CBP, shall take steps to ensure that, within 60 days of the publication in the System for Award Management by CBP of the name of any debarred or suspended person, express consignment operators, carriers, hub facilities, and licensed customs brokers notify CBP of any attempt, of which they know or have reason to believe, by any persons who may not obtain an importer of record number based on any criteria established by the Secretary under section 2 of this order, to re-establish business activity requiring an importer of record number through a different name or address associated with the debarred or suspended person.

1134. §4301 — Sec. 4. Items Sent to the United States through the International Postal Network . (a) The United States Postal Service (USPS) should collaborate with the Secretary of State to notify the international postal network, via circular or the functional equivalent, of the policy of the United States Government set forth in section 1 of this order and the key provisions of this order. USPS should make all reasonable efforts to include provisions regarding any criteria for participating in the importer of record program established under section 2 of this order in any new contractual instruments it executes with international posts.

1135. §4301 — Sec. 5. Non-Compliant International Posts . (a) The Secretary of Homeland Security, through the Commissioner of CBP, and in consultation with the United States Trade Representative, shall develop an International Mail Non-Compliance metric, based on relevant factors, to formulate an overall compliance score for each international post. This score shall take into account rates of trafficking of counterfeit goods, narcotics (including synthetic opioids such as fentanyl), and other contraband through a particular international post, effectiveness of the international post in reducing such trafficking, including cooperation with CBP, as well as such other factors the Secretary, through the Commissioner, determines advisable. The Secretary shall update overall compliance scores on a quarterly basis. The Secretary shall determine a minimum threshold compliance score for each quarter and shall deem non-compliant any international post that scores below such threshold in that quarter.

1136. §4301 — Sec. 6. Publication of Violation Information; Enhanced Enforcement Efforts . (a) On a periodic basis, and consistent with Federal law and executive branch policy reflecting non-disclosure of sensitive information, the Secretary of Homeland Security, through the Commissioner of CBP and the Director of United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement, shall publish information about seizures arising in the international mail and express consignment environments that involve intellectual property rights violations, illegal drugs and other contraband, incorrect country of origin, under-valuation, or other violations of law of particular concern. In determining which information to publish, the Secretary shall give greatest consideration to repeat offenses affecting priority trade issues as defined in 19 U.S.C. 4322 .

1137. §4301 — Sec. 7. Report on Sufficiency of Fees . Within 210 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Homeland Security, in coordination with the heads of other executive departments and agencies, as appropriate, shall submit a report to the President, through the Director of the Office of Management and Budget:

1138. §4301 — Sec. 8. Definitions . For the purposes of this order:

1139. §4301 — Sec. 9. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1140. §4301 — Section 1. Policy . E-commerce, including transactions involving smaller express-carrier or international mail packages, is being exploited by traffickers to introduce contraband into the United States, and by foreign exporters and United States importers to avoid applicable customs duties, taxes, and fees.

1141. §4301 — Section 1. Policy . Every trade agreement and investment agreement entered into by the United States, and all trade relations and trade preference programs of the United States, should enhance our economic growth, contribute favorably to our balance of trade, and strengthen the American manufacturing base. Many United States free trade agreements, investment agreements, and trade relations have failed, in whole or in part, to meet these criteria. The result has been large and persistent trade deficits, a lack of reciprocal treatment of American goods and investment, the offshoring of factories and jobs, the loss of American intellectual property and reduced technological innovation, downward pressure on wage and income growth, and an impaired tax base. It is the policy of the United States to negotiate new trade agreements, investment agreements, and trade relations that benefit American workers and domestic manufacturers, farmers, and ranchers; protect our intellectual property; and encourage domestic research and development. It is also the policy of the United States to renegotiate or terminate any existing trade agreement, investment agreement, or trade relation that, on net, harms the United States economy, United States businesses, United States intellectual property rights and innovation rate, or the American people.

1142. §4301 — Section 1. Policy . Importers that unlawfully evade antidumping and countervailing duties expose United States employers to unfair competition and deprive the Federal Government of lawful revenue. As of May 2015, $2.3 billion in antidumping and countervailing duties owed to the Government remained uncollected, often from importers that lack assets located in the United States. It is therefore the policy of the United States to impose appropriate bonding requirements, based on risk assessments, on entries of articles subject to antidumping and countervailing duties, when necessary to protect the revenue of the United States.

1143. §4311 — Improving partnership programs

1144. §4312 — Priorities and performance standards for customs modernization, trade facilitation, and trade enforcement functions and programs

1145. §4313 — Educational seminars to improve efforts to classify and appraise imported articles, to improve trade enforcement efforts, and to otherwise facilitate legitimate international trade

1146. §4314 — Joint strategic plan

1147. §4315 — Consultations with respect to mutual recognition arrangements

1148. §4316 — Commercial Customs Operations Advisory Committee

1149. §4316 — Section 1013(a) of title 5 shall not apply to the Advisory Committee.

1150. §4316 — Section 9503(c) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987, referred to in subsecs. (b)(3) and (g)(2), is section 9503(c) of title IX of Pub. L. 100–203 , which was set out as a note under section 2071 of this title , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–125, title I, § 109(g)(1) , Feb. 24, 2016 , 130 Stat. 137 . See Codification note below.

1151. §4317 — Centers of Excellence and Expertise

1152. §4318 — Commercial risk assessment targeting and trade alerts

1153. §4319 — Report on oversight of revenue protection and enforcement measures

1154. §4320 — Importer of record program

1155. §4321 — Establishment of importer risk assessment program

1156. §4322 — Priority trade issues

1157. §4323 — Appropriate congressional committees defined

1158. §4331 — Interagency Import Safety Working Group

1159. §4332 — Joint import safety rapid response plan

1160. §4333 — Training

1161. §4341 — Definition of intellectual property rights

1162. §4342 — Notification of persons injured by circumvention devices

1163. §4343 — Enforcement by U.S. Customs and Border Protection of works for which copyright registration is pending

1164. §4344 — National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center

1165. §4345 — Joint strategic plan for the enforcement of intellectual property rights

1166. §4346 — Personnel dedicated to the enforcement of intellectual property rights

1167. §4347 — Training with respect to the enforcement of intellectual property rights

1168. §4348 — International cooperation and information sharing

1169. §4349 — Report on intellectual property rights enforcement

1170. §4350 — Information for travelers regarding violations of intellectual property rights

1171. §4361 — Definitions

1172. §4362 — Application to Canada and Mexico

1173. §4371 — Trade Remedy Law Enforcement Division

1174. §4372 — Collection of information on evasion of trade remedy laws

1175. §4373 — Additional information

1176. §4374 — Cooperation with foreign countries on preventing evasion of trade remedy laws

1177. §4375 — Trade negotiating objectives

1178. §4391 — Allocation and training of personnel

1179. §4392 — Annual report on prevention and investigation of evasion of antidumping and countervailing duty orders

1180. §4401 — Inclusion of interest in certain distributions of antidumping duties and countervailing duties

1181. §4401 — Section 1675c of this title (repealed by subtitle F of title VII of the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005), referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), means section 1675c of this title , which was repealed by Pub. L. 109–171, title VII, § 7601(a) , Feb. 8, 2006 , 120 Stat. 154 , and which related to an annual distribution to certain domestic producers known as the “continued dumping and subsidy offset”. Subsec. (e) of section 1675c related to special accounts established in the Treasury of the United States for certain antidumping and countervailing duty orders and findings.

1182. §4401 — Section 822 of the Claims Resolution Act of 2010, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 822 of Pub. L. 111–291 , which is set out as a note under section 1675c of this title .

1183. §4402 — Illicitly imported, exported, or trafficked cultural property, archaeological or ethnological materials, and fish, wildlife, and plants

1184. §4403 — Honey transshipment

1185. §4404 — Report on actions taken by United States Trade Representative

1186. §4405 — Trade Enforcement Trust Fund

1187. §4421 — Enhancement of engagement on currency exchange rate and economic policies with certain major trading partners of the United States

1188. §4421 — Section 1. Authorities and Functions under the Act . (a) The functions of the President under section 2313A(b) of the Export Enhancement Act of 1988, as added by section 504 of the Act, are assigned to the Secretary of Commerce. In carrying out its functions, the State and Federal Export Promotion Coordination Working Group established by the Secretary of Commerce under this section shall also coordinate with local and municipal governments representing regionally diverse areas.

1189. §4422 — Advisory Committee on International Exchange Rate Policy

1190. §4431 — Definitions

1191. §4432 — Establishment of preclearance operations

1192. §4432 — Section 44901(d)(4)(B) of title 49 , referred to in text, was redesignated section 44901(d)(2)(B) of title 49 by Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, title I, § 1991(d)(1)(C)(iii) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3628 .

1193. §4433 — Notification and certification to Congress

1194. §4434 — Lost and stolen passports

1195. §4435 — Recovery of initial U.S. Customs and Border Protection preclearance operations costs

1196. §4436 — Application to new and existing preclearance operations

1197. §4451 — Report on certain U.S. Customs and Border Protection agreements

1198. §4451 — Section 560 of the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2013 (division D of Public Law 113–6 ; 127 Stat. 378 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is not classified to the Code.

1199. §4452 — United States-Israel trade and commercial enhancement

1200. §4453 — Report on compliance with prohibition on importation of goods made with convict, forced, or indentured labor

1201. §4454 — Section 3703(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), was amended and the subsection (a) designation struck out by Pub. L. 114–27, title I, § 111 , June 29, 2015 , 129 Stat. 370 .

1202. §4454 — Trade preferences for Nepal

1203. §4501 — Purpose

1204. §4502 — Definitions

1205. §4502 — Section 101(a)(1) of the North American Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in par. (6), is section 101(a)(1) of Pub. L. 103–182 , title I, Dec. 8, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2061 , which was classified to section 3511 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 116–113, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 29, 2020 , 134 Stat. 78 , effective on the date on which the USMCA entered into force ( July 1, 2020 ).

1206. §4511 — Approval and entry into force of the USMCA

1207. §4512 — Relationship of the USMCA to United States and State law

1208. §4513 — Implementing actions in anticipation of entry into force; initial regulations; tariff proclamation authority

1209. §4514 — Consultation and layover provisions for, and effective date of, proclaimed actions

1210. §4515 — Administration of dispute settlement proceedings

1211. §4515 — Section 411(c)(2), referred to in subsec. (a)(2), means section 411(c)(2) of Pub. L. 116–113 , but probably should be a reference to section 412(c)(2) of that Act, which establishes an interagency group and is classified to section 4582(c)(2) of this title .

1212. §4516 — Trade Representative authority

1213. §4531 — Rules of origin

1214. §4531 — Section 202 of the North American Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. ( o )(2), is section 202 of Pub. L. 103–183 , title II, Dec. 8, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2069 , which was classified to section 3332 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 116–113, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 29, 2020 , 134 Stat. 78 , effective on the date the USMCA entered into force ( July 1, 2020 ).

1215. §4532 — Sec. 2. Membership . The Committee shall be composed of the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Labor, the United States Trade Representative (USTR), the Chairman of the United States International Trade Commission, and the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection in the Department of Homeland Security. Members of the Committee may designate an officer of the United States within their respective executive department, agency, or component to serve as their representative on the Committee. The USTR shall serve as Chair of the Committee. The USTR may invite representatives from other executive departments or agencies, as the USTR determines are necessary, to participate as members or observers, and shall include the Secretary of the Treasury as a member of the Committee. Each executive department, agency, and component represented on the Committee shall ensure that the necessary staff are available to assist in performing the responsibilities of the Committee.

1216. §4532 — Sec. 3. Committee Decision-making . The Committee shall endeavor to make any recommendation on an action or determination under section 202A of the Act by consensus, which shall be deemed to exist where no Committee member objects to the proposed action or determination. If the Committee is unable to reach a consensus on a proposed action or determination, the Committee may decide the matter by majority vote of its members if the Chair determines that allotting further time will unduly delay implementation of provisions of the Agreement that relate to automotive goods. The Chair, in addition to voting, may also break any tie vote.

1217. §4532 — Sec. 4. Implementing Measures . The Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Labor, and the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, are directed to issue, in consultation with the USTR (and with each other, as directed in the Act), such regulations and other measures as are necessary or appropriate to implement section 202A of the Act.

1218. §4532 — Sec. 5. General Provisions . (a) Each executive department and agency shall bear its own expenses incurred in connection with the Committee’s functions described in section 202A of the Act.

1219. §4532 — Section 1. Establishment of Interagency Committee . The Interagency Committee on Trade in Automotive Goods (Committee) is hereby established to provide advice, as appropriate, on the implementation, enforcement, and modification of provisions of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (Agreement) that relate to automotive goods, including the automotive rules of origin and the alternative staging regime that are part of such rules. The Committee shall also review the operation of the Agreement with respect to trade in automotive goods, including the economic effects of the automotive rules of origin on the United States economy, workers, and consumers, and the impact of new technology on such rules.

1220. §4532 — Special rules for automotive goods

1221. §4533 — Actions regarding verification of claims under the USMCA

1222. §4534 — Drawback

1223. §4534 — Section 202, referred to in subsec. (a)(5), is section 202 of Pub. L. 103–182 , title II, Dec. 8, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2069 , which was classified to section 3332 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 116–113, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 29, 2020 , 134 Stat. 78 , effective on the date the USMCA entered into force ( July 1, 2020 ).

1224. §4535 — Regulations

1225. §4551 — USMCA article impact in import relief cases under Trade Act of 1974

1226. §4551 — § 301 of Pub. L. 116–113

1227. §4552 — Presidential action regarding USMCA imports

1228. §4552 — § 302 of Pub. L. 116–113

1229. §4561 — Temporary entry

1230. §4561 — § 311 of Pub. L. 116–113

1231. §4571 — Definitions

1232. §4572 — Investigations and determinations by Commission

1233. §4573 — Commission recommendations and report

1234. §4574 — Action by President with respect to affirmative determination

1235. §4581 — References in part

1236. §4581 — § 411 of Pub. L. 116–113

1237. §4582 — Organizational and administrative provisions

1238. §4582 — Section 105, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B)(3), is section 105 of Pub. L. 103–182 , title I, Dec. 8, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2064 , which was classified to section 3315 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 116–113, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 29, 2020 , 134 Stat. 78 , effective on the date on which the USMCA entered into force ( July 1, 2020 ), and which related to the United States Section of NAFTA Secretariat. See section 4515(a) of this title .

1239. §4582 — § 412 of Pub. L. 116–113

1240. §4583 — Testimony and production of papers in extraordinary challenges

1241. §4583 — § 413 of Pub. L. 116–113

1242. §4584 — Requests for review of determinations by competent investigating authorities

1243. §4584 — § 414 of Pub. L. 116–113

1244. §4585 — Rules of procedure for panels and committees

1245. §4585 — § 415 of Pub. L. 116–113

1246. §4586 — Subsidy negotiations

1247. §4586 — § 416 of Pub. L. 116–113

1248. §4587 — Identification of industries facing subsidized imports

1249. §4587 — § 417 of Pub. L. 116–113

1250. §4588 — Treatment of amendments to antidumping and countervailing duty law

1251. §4588 — § 418 of Pub. L. 116–113

1252. §4601 — Effect of termination of USMCA country status

1253. §4611 — Participation in joint reviews with Canada and Mexico regarding extension of the term of the USMCA and other action regarding the USMCA

1254. §4621 — Termination of USMCA

1255. §4631 — Definitions

1256. §4641 — Interagency Labor Committee for Monitoring and Enforcement

1257. §4641 — Sec. 2. Membership . The Committee shall be co-chaired by the United States Trade Representative and the Secretary of Labor, and shall include representatives of the Department of State, the Department of the Treasury, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce, the Department of Homeland Security, and the United States Agency for International Development. The Co-Chairs may invite representatives from other executive departments or agencies, as appropriate, to participate as members or observers. Each executive department, agency, and component represented on the Committee shall ensure that the necessary staff are available to assist their respective representatives in performing the responsibilities of the Committee. The Committee, by consensus, may designate members to assist it in carrying out the functions described in the Act.

1258. §4641 — Sec. 3. Committee Decision-Making . The Committee shall endeavor to make any decision on an action or determination under sections 712 through 719 of the Act [ 19 U.S.C. 4642 to 4649] by consensus, which shall be deemed to exist where no member objects to the proposed action or determination.

1259. §4641 — Sec. 4. Funding . Each executive department and agency participating in the Committee shall bear its own expenses incurred in connection with the Committee’s functions described in sections 711 through 719 of the Act. The Department of Labor will provide funding for the hotline required under section 717 of the Act [ 19 U.S.C. 4647 ].

1260. §4641 — Sec. 5. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1261. §4641 — Section 1. Establishment of the Interagency Labor Committee for Monitoring and Enforcement . The Interagency Labor Committee for Monitoring and Enforcement (Committee) is hereby established to coordinate the efforts of the United States to monitor the implementation and maintenance of the labor obligations of Canada and Mexico, to monitor the implementation and maintenance of Mexico’s labor reform, and to recommend enforcement actions with respect to Canada or Mexico, as provided for in section 715 of the Act [ 19 U.S.C. 4645 ].

1262. §4642 — Duties

1263. §4643 — Enforcement priorities

1264. §4644 — Assessments

1265. §4645 — Recommendation for enforcement action

1266. §4646 — Petition process

1267. §4647 — Hotline

1268. §4648 — Reports

1269. §4649 — Consultations on appointment and funding of rapid response labor panelists

1270. §4661 — Establishment

1271. §4662 — Duties

1272. §4663 — Status

1273. §4671 — Establishment

1274. §4672 — Membership; term

1275. §4673 — Funding

1276. §4674 — Reports

1277. §4681 — Forced Labor Enforcement Task Force

1278. §4681 — Sec. 2. Membership . The Task Force shall be chaired by the Secretary of Homeland Security and shall be composed of representatives from the Department of State, the Department of the Treasury, the Department of Justice, the Department of Labor, and the Office of the United States Trade Representative. The Chair may invite representatives from other executive departments or agencies, as appropriate, to participate as members or observers. Members of the Task Force may designate an officer of the United States within their respective executive department or agency to serve as their representative on the Task Force. Each executive department or agency represented on the Task Force shall ensure that the necessary staff are available to assist their respective representatives in performing the responsibilities of the Task Force.

1279. §4681 — Sec. 3. Task Force Decision-making . The Task Force shall endeavor to make any decision on an action under sections 742 through 744 of the Act [ 19 U.S.C. 4682 to 4684] by consensus, which shall be deemed to exist where no Task Force member objects to the proposed action. If the Task Force is unable to reach a consensus on a proposed action, and the Chair determines that allotting further time will cause a decision to be unduly delayed, the Task Force shall decide the matter by majority vote of its members. The Chair, in addition to voting, may also break any tie vote.

1280. §4681 — Sec. 4. Funding . Each executive department and agency shall bear its own expenses incurred in connection with the Task Force’s functions described in sections 741 through 744 of the Act.

1281. §4681 — Sec. 5. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1282. §4681 — Section 1. Establishment of Forced Labor Enforcement Task Force . The Forced Labor Enforcement Task Force (Task Force) is hereby established to monitor United States enforcement of the prohibition under section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930 ( 19 U.S.C. 1307 ).

1283. §4681 — Section 1307 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was in the original “section 307 of the Tariff Act”, and was translated as reading “section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1284. §4682 — Timeline required

1285. §4683 — Reports required

1286. §4684 — Duties related to Mexico

1287. §4684 — Section 1307 of this title , referred to in par. (2), was in the original “section 307 of the Tariff Act”, and was translated as reading “section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1288. §4691 — Transmission of reports

1289. §4692 — Suspension of liquidation

1290. §4693 — Final remedies

1291. §4701 — Definitions

1292. §4711 — Establishment

1293. §4711 — Sec. 2. Membership . The Committee shall be composed of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) and representatives of the Department of State, the Department of the Treasury, the Department of Justice, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in the Department of the Interior, the U.S. Forest Service and the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service in the Department of Agriculture, the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration in the Department of Commerce, U.S. Customs and Border Protection in the Department of Homeland Security, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the United States Agency for International Development, and representatives from other Federal agencies, as the President determines to be appropriate. The USTR shall serve as Chair. The Chair may invite representatives from other executive departments or agencies, as appropriate, to participate as members or observers. Each executive department, agency, and component represented on the Committee shall ensure that the necessary staff are available to assist their respective representatives in performing the responsibilities of the Committee.

1294. §4711 — Sec. 3. Committee Decision-making . The Committee shall endeavor to make any decision on an action or determination under sections 812, 813, and 814 of the Act [ 19 U.S.C. 4712 , 4713, and 4714] by consensus, which shall be deemed to exist where no Committee member objects to the proposed action or determination. If the Committee is unable to reach a consensus on a proposed action or determination and the Chair determines that allotting further time will cause a decision to be unduly delayed, the Committee shall decide the matter by majority vote of its members.

1295. §4711 — Sec. 4. Implementing Measures . The heads of the executive departments and agencies set forth in section 2 of this order, in consultation with the Committee, may prescribe such regulations as are necessary to carry out the authorities of the respective department or agency as provided for under subtitle A of title VIII of the Act [ 19 U.S.C. 4711 et seq.].

1296. §4711 — Sec. 5. General Provisions . (a) Each executive department and agency shall bear its own expenses incurred in connection with the Committee’s functions described in sections 811, 812, 813, 814, and 816 of the Act [ 19 U.S.C. 4711 , 4712, 4713, 4714, and 4716].

1297. §4711 — Section 1. Establishment of Interagency Environment Committee . The Interagency Environment Committee for Monitoring and Enforcement (Committee) is hereby established to coordinate United States efforts to monitor and enforce environmental obligations consistent with title VIII of the Act [ 19 U.S.C. 4701 et seq.] and, with respect to Mexico and Canada, to carry out assessments of their environmental laws and policies, to carry out monitoring actions with respect to the implementation and maintenance of their environmental obligations, and to request enforcement actions as provided for in section 814 of the Act [ 19 U.S.C. 4714 ].

1298. §4712 — Assessment

1299. §4713 — Monitoring actions

1300. §4714 — Enforcement actions

1301. §4715 — Other monitoring and enforcement actions

1302. §4716 — Report to Congress

1303. §4717 — Regulations

1304. §4731 — Border water infrastructure improvement authority

1305. §4732 — Detail of personnel to Office of the United States Trade Representative

Title 20

1. §41 — Incorporation of institution

2. §42 — Board of Regents; members

3. §43 — Appointment of regents; terms of office; vacancies

4. §44 — Organization of board; expenses; gratuitous services

5. §45 — Special meetings of members

6. §46 — Duties of Secretary

7. § 46a. Employment of aliens by Secretary

8. §47 — Acting Secretary

9. §48 — Salary and removal of Secretary and assistants

10. §50 — Reception and arrangement of specimens and objects of art

11. § 50a. Gellatly art collection; estimates of sums needed for preservation and maintenance

12. §51 — Library

13. §52 — Evidence of title to site and buildings

14. §53 — Protection of property

15. § 53a. Authorization of appropriations

16. §54 — Appropriation of interest

17. §55 — Acceptance of other sums

18. §56 — Disposal of unappropriated money

19. §57 — Disbursements

20. §59 — Collections of National Ocean Survey, United States Geological Survey, and others deposited in National Museum

21. §60 — Army articles furnished to National Museum

22. § 65a. Director of the National Museum

23. §67 — Right of repeal

24. §69 — Anthropological researches; cooperation of Institution with States, educational institutions, or scientific organizations

25. §70 — Authorization of appropriations; cooperative work

26. §71 — Designation of site

27. § 71a. Additions; payment of construction costs from trust funds

28. § 71b. Status of completed addition

29. §72 — Board of Trustees

30. §73 — Acceptance of gift from A. W. Mellon

31. §74 — Maintenance

32. § 74a. Permanent loan of funds by Board of Trustees to Treasury; semiannual interest payments to Board

33. §75 — Authority and functions of the board

34. § 75a. Definitions

35. § 75b. Establishment of National Portrait Gallery; functions

36. § 75c. Creation of National Portrait Gallery Commission; members; functions; powers

37. § 75d. Acceptance of gifts; title to property

38. § 75e. Powers of Board

39. § 75f. Director; appointment and compensation; officers and employees

40. § 75g. Authorization of appropriations

41. § 76aa. Site for museum and sculpture garden

42. § 76b. Functions of Regents

43. § 76bb. Joseph H. Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden

44. § 76c. Policy to foster appreciation of past and contemporary art

45. § 76cc. Board of Trustees

46. § 76d. Donations of works of art from Government agencies

47. § 76dd. Director, administrator, curators, and other personnel; appointment, compensation, and duties

48. § 76e. Housing or exhibiting objects of art possessed by Smithsonian Institution

49. § 76ee. Authorization of appropriations

50. § 76f. Appointment, compensation, and duties of Director of Gallery; personnel

51. § 76g. Authorization of appropriations

52. § 76h. Board of Trustees

53. Section 1(a), formerly § 1, of Pub. L. 85–874 , as amended by Pub. L. 88–260, § 1(1) , Jan. 23, 1964 , 78 Stat. 4 ; redesignated § 1(a), Pub. L. 103–279, § 2(a)(1) , July 21, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1409 , provided that: “This Act [enacting this subchapter] may be cited as the ‘John F. Kennedy Center Act’.”

54. Section 1(b) of Pub. L. 85–874 , as added by Pub. L. 103–279, § 2(a)(2) , July 21, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1409 , provided that: “Congress finds that— “(1) the late John Fitzgerald Kennedy served with distinction as President of the United States and as a Member of the Senate and the House of Representatives; “(2) by the untimely death of John Fitzgerald Kennedy the United States and the world have suffered a great loss; “(3) the late John Fitzgerald Kennedy was particularly devoted to education and cultural understanding and the advancement of the performing arts; “(4) it is fitting and proper that a living institution of the performing arts, designated as the National Center for the Performing Arts, named in the memory and honor of this great leader, shall serve as the sole national monument to his memory within the District of Columbia and its environs; “(5) such a living memorial serves all of the people of the United States by preserving, fostering, and transmitting the performing arts traditions of the people of the United States and other countries by producing and presenting music, opera, theater, dance, and other performing arts; and “(6) such a living memorial should be housed in the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, located in the District of Columbia.”

55. § 76i. John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts

56. § 76j. Duties of Board

57. § 76k. Powers of Board

58. § 76l. Official seal, Board vacancies and quorum, trustee powers and obligations, reports, support services, and review and audit

59. Section 76r of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), was in the original a reference to section 12 of Pub. L. 85–874 . Section 12 of Pub. L. 85–874 was renumbered as section 13, and a new section 12 was added, by Pub. L. 107–224, § 2 , Sept. 18, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1340 . Sections 12 and 13 are classified to sections 76q–1 and 76r, respectively, of this title.

60. § 76m. Photovoltaic system

61. § 76o. Borrowing authority to finance parking facilities

62. § 76p. Acceptance and disposition of gifts to the United States contributed in honor or memory of the late President John F. Kennedy

63. § 76q. Sole national memorial to the late John F. Kennedy within the city of Washington and environs

64. § 76r. Authorization of appropriations

65. § 76s. Definitions

66. §77 — National Air and Space Museum

67. § 77a. Functions of museum

68. § 77c. Museum board

69. § 77d. Transfer or loan of aeronautical or space flight equipment to museum

70. §78 — Cooperation of Smithsonian Institution with State institutions for continuing paleontological investigations

71. § 78a. Authorization of appropriations; availability of funds; limit on use of funds during fiscal year; supervision; rules and regulations

72. §79 — Barro Colorado Island in Gatun Lake to be set aside

73. § 79a. Preservation of natural features for scientific observation and investigation

74. § 79b. Functions of Smithsonian Institution

75. § 79c. Resident manager; powers and duties; compensation

76. § 79d. Deposit of receipts into Treasury; disbursements

77. § 79e. Authorization of appropriations

78. §80 — National Armed Forces Museum Advisory Board

79. § 80a. Display of contributions of Armed Forces

80. § 80b. Selection of site

81. § 80c. Transfer or loan of objects, equipment and rec­ords to Smithsonian Institution

82. § 80d. Authorization of appropriations

83. § 80e. Congressional declaration of policy

84. § 80f. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars; Board of Trustees of the Center

85. § 80g. Powers and duties of Board

86. § 80h. Administration; quorum

87. § 80i. Authorization of appropriations; limitations

88. § 80j. Audit of accounts

89. § 80k. Donation and transfer of lands and improvements, works of art, and other assets and property of Museum of African Art to Smithsonian Institution

90. § 80l. Establishment of Museum of African Art; functions

91. § 80m. Powers of Board

92. § 80n. Commission for the Museum of African Art

93. § 80o. Director, officers, and employees; appointment, compensation, and duties

94. § 80p. Funding

95. § 80q. Findings

96. § 80r. Findings

97. § 80s. Findings; purpose

98. § 80t. Findings

99. § 80u. National Museum of the American Latino

100. Section 333 of the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008, referred to in subsecs. (g)(1)(B) and (h), is section 333 of Pub. L. 110–229 , title III, May 8, 2008 , 122 Stat. 784 , which is not classified to the Code.

101. §81 — Administration by Regents of Smithsonian Institution

102. §82 — Aid in acquisition of collections

103. §84 — Plans for buildings and bridges

104. §85 — Concessions

105. §91 — Literary and scientific collections accessible to investigators and students

106. §92 — Admissions to marine biological station for pursuit of investigations

107. §101 — Annual appropriations

108. §102 — Application of appropriations

109. §103 — Publications for National Library for the Blind

110. §104 — Annual reports by trustees

111. §105 — Books for Library of Congress

112. §106 — Purchases through the General Services Administration

113. § 106a. Financial and program audit by Secretary

114. §107 — Operation of vending facilities

115. § 107a. Federal and State responsibilities

116. § 107b. Application for designation as State licensing agency; cooperation with Secretary; furnishing initial stock

117. § 107d. Expenditures

118. § 107e. Definitions

119. § 107f. Authorization of appropriations

120. §111 — Study in certain schools of effect of alcoholic drinks and narcotics

121. §112 — Enforcement of section 111

122. §113 — Teachers’ certificates dependent on passing examination on effect of alcoholic drinks and narcotics

123. §121 — Annual report of president and directors

124. §122 — Limitation on use of appropriations

125. §123 — Annual appropriations; inspection by Secretary of Education

126. §124 — Transfer of Freedmen’s Hospital to Howard University

127. §125 — Employees of hospital

128. §126 — Authorization of appropriations for construction of hospital facilities

129. §127 — Transfer of facilities by University or cessation of operation as teaching hospital facilities; recovery of value by United States

130. §128 — Authorization of appropriations for partial support of operation of facilities; separate account

131. §129 — Financial policy; report to Congress

132. §130 — Purchases through the General Services Administration

133. § 130a. Financial and program audit by Secretary

134. § 130aa. Definitions

135. §191 — Establishment; site; acquisition of land

136. §193 — Administration of arboretum

137. §194 — Advisory council

138. §195 — Gifts, bequests, or devises for benefit of National Arboretum; separate fund in the Treasury

139. §196 — Concessions, fees, and voluntary services

140. §197 — Construction of Chinese Garden at the National Arboretum

141. §221 — Instructions of citizens from American republics; Government maintained professional educational institutions

142. § 221a. Instructions of citizens from American republics; United States Military Academy; restrictions; saving provision

143. §225 — Fund for education of Iranian students in United States

144. §226 — Cooperative public and private sector program for providing scholarships to students from the Caribbean and Central America

145. § 244a. Transferred

146. §686 — Transferred

147. Section 691h, R.S. § 441; Mar. 4, 1911, ch. 285 , 36 Stat. 1422 ; 1940 Reorg. Plan No. IV, § 11, eff. June 30, 1940 , 5 F.R. 2421, 54 Stat. 1234 ; 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 1, eff. Apr. 11, 1953 , 18 F.R. 2053, 67 Stat. 631 ; June 18, 1954, ch. 324, § 1 , 68 Stat. 265 ; Oct. 17, 1979 , Pub. L. 96–88, title III, § 301(a)(2)(M) , title V, § 507, 93 Stat. 677 , 692, which charged Secretary of Education with supervision of public business of Gallaudet College, was transferred to section 4361 of this title .

148. Section 691i, Pub. L. 95–355, title I, § 100 , Sept. 8, 1978 , 92 Stat. 531 , which authorized Gallaudet College to make purchases through General Services Administration, was transferred to section 4362 of this title .

149. § 691i. Transferred

150. §801 — Congressional findings and purpose

151. §802 — Fellowships for city planning, management, housing specialists, and persons with general capacity in urban affairs and problems

152. §803 — Matching grants to States

153. § 803a. Project grants and contracts

154. §804 — Limitation on grants to any one State

155. §805 — Technical assistance, studies, and publication of information

156. §806 — Authorization of appropriations; availability of funds

157. §807 — Definitions; authorization of appropriations for administrative and other expenses

158. §881 — Transferred

159. § 887e. Transferred

160. §901 — Definitions

161. §902 — Regulations of Secretary of Defense

162. §903 — Administration

163. §904 — Leave

164. §905 — Quarters, quarters allowances, and storage

165. §906 — Entitlements in addition to basic compensation

166. §907 — Applicability of other laws

167. §907 — section 5533 of title 5 shall not apply to such teacher by reason of any such employment during a recess period or any such receipt of quarters, allowances, or additional compensation, or both, as the case may be.

168. §921 — Defense dependents’ education system

169. §922 — Administration of defense dependents’ education system

170. §923 — Space-available enrollment of students; tuition

171. § 923a. Enrollment of certain additional children on tuition-free basis

172. §924 — Annual educational assessment

173. §925 — Budget request for school construction funds for Director of Dependents’ Education

174. §926 — School system for dependents in overseas areas

175. §927 — Allotment formula

176. §928 — School advisory committees

177. §930 — Section 929 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title V, § 576 , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2143 .

178. §930 — Study of defense dependents’ education system

179. §931 — Regulations; issuance and contents

180. §932 — Definitions

181. §951 — Declaration of findings and purposes

182. §952 — Definitions

183. §953 — National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities

184. §954 — National Endowment for the Arts

185. § 954a. Access to the arts through support of education

186. §955 — National Council on the Arts

187. § 955b. National Medal of Arts

188. §956 — National Endowment for the Humanities

189. § 956a. National Capital arts and cultural affairs; grant programs

190. §957 — National Council on the Humanities

191. §958 — Federal Council on the Arts and the Humanities

192. §959 — Administrative provisions

193. § 959a. Gifts, bequests, and devises

194. §960 — Authorization of appropriations

195. §960 — Section 954( l )(2) of this title, referred to in subsec. (a)(4), was redesignated section 954(p)(3) by Pub. L. 101–512, title III, § 318 [title I, §§ 103(g)(1), (h)(1), 104(2)] , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1960 , 1964, 1965, 1966.

196. §971 — Agreements to indemnify against loss or damage

197. §972 — Items eligible for indemnity agreements

198. §973 — Application for indemnity agreements

199. §974 — Indemnity limits

200. §975 — Claims for losses

201. §976 — Authorization of appropriations

202. §1001 — General definition of institution of higher education

203. §1002 — Definition of institution of higher education for purposes of student assistance programs

204. §1002 — Section 1091( l ) of this title, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(A), (B), was struck out and a new section 1091( l ) was added by Pub. L. 110–315, title IV, § 485(a)(5) , Aug. 14, 2008 , 122 Stat. 3288 . As so amended, section 1091( l ) no longer contains a par. (4) or a definition of “telecommunications”.

205. §1002 — Section 1101 of the Higher Education Opportunity Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B)(iii)(II)(gg), is section 1101 of title XI of 110–315, Aug. 14, 2008 , 122 Stat. 3490 , which is not classified to the Code.

206. §1003 — Additional definitions

207. §1003 — Section 1007, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 108 , formerly § 107, Nov. 8, 1965 , 79 Stat. 1222 , renumbered Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 102(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 236 , and amended Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 101(g)(2) , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2086 , related to disapproval of State plans, notice and hearing, findings of Commissioner of Education, and notification to State of noneligibility.

208. §1003 — Section 1008, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 109 , formerly § 108, Nov. 8, 1965 , 79 Stat. 1222 , renumbered Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 102(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 236 , and amended Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 101(d) , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2085 , provided for judicial review of actions of Commissioner of Education and scope of that review.

209. §1003 — Section 1008a, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 110 , as added Pub. L. 93–29, title VIII, § 803 , May 3, 1973 , 87 Stat. 59 , and amended Pub. L. 94–135, title II, § 201 , Nov. 28, 1975 , 89 Stat. 726 ; Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 101(g)(2) , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2086 , provided for programs and projects relating to problems of the elderly.

210. §1003 — Section 1008b, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 111 , as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 101(e) , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2085 , related to technical assistance and administration.

211. §1003 — Section 1009, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 112 , formerly § 109, Nov. 8, 1965 , 79 Stat. 1223 ; Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(h)(4) , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 174 , renumbered § 110, Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 102(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 236 , renumbered § 111, Pub. L. 93–29, title VIII, § 803 , May 3, 1973 , 87 Stat. 59 ; Pub. L. 93–380, title VIII, § 831 , Aug. 21, 1974 , 88 Stat. 603 ; Pub. L. 93–644, § 9(a) , Jan. 4, 1975 , 88 Stat. 2310 , renumbered § 112 and amended Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 101(e) , (f)(1), (g)(2), Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2085 , 2086; 1977 Reorg. Plan No. 2, § 7(a)(13), 42 F.R. 62461, 91 Stat. 1637 , provided for creation of a National Advisory Council on Extension and Continuing Education.

212. §1003 — Section 1010, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 113 , formerly § 110, Nov. 8, 1965 , 79 Stat. 1224 , renumbered § 111, Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 102(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 236 , renumbered § 112, Pub. L. 93–29, title VIII, § 803 , May 3, 1973 , 87 Stat. 59 , renumbered § 113 and amended Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 101(e) , (f)(2), Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2085 , 2086, directed that nothing in the section be held to modify any authority under the Smith-Lever Act, section 341 et seq. of Title 7, Agriculture.

213. §1003 — Section 12511(23) of title 42 , referred to in par. (18), was redesignated section 12511(40) by Pub. L. 111–13, title I, § 1102(b)(1) , Apr. 21, 2009 , 123 Stat. 1467 .

214. §1003 — Section 212(d) of the Education for Economic Security Act, referred to in par. (3), is section 212(d) of title II of Pub. L. 98–377 , Aug. 11, 1984 , 98 Stat. 1282 , which was classified to section 3972(d) of this title , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 100–297, title II, § 2303 , Apr. 28, 1988 , 102 Stat. 324 .

215. §1011 — Antidiscrimination

216. § 1011a. Protection of student speech and association rights

217. § 1011b. Territorial waiver authority

218. § 1011c. National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity

219. § 1011d. Student representation

220. § 1011e. Financial responsibility of foreign students

221. § 1011f. Disclosures of foreign gifts

222. § 1011g. Application of peer review process

223. § 1011h. Binge drinking on college campuses

224. § 1011i. Drug and alcohol abuse prevention

225. Part C of subchapter VII, as such part was in effect during the period after the effective date of the Higher Education Amendments of 1992 and prior to October 7, 1998 , referred to in subsecs. (a)(2) and (b)(2), probably means part C (§ 1132d et seq.) of subchapter VII of this chapter, as in effect during the period after the effective date of Pub. L. 102–325 and before it was amended by Pub. L. 105–244 . For effective date of Pub. L. 102–325 , see section 2 of Pub. L. 102–325 , set out as an Effective Date of 1992 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title . Pub. L. 105–244, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1786 , amended subchapter VII of this chapter generally, effective Oct. 1, 1998 , omitting part C which related to loans for construction, reconstruction, and renovation of academic housing, and other educational facilities and adding a new part C (§ 1139 et seq.) relating to urban community service.

226. § 1011j. Prior rights and obligations

227. § 1011k. Recovery of payments

228. § 1011l. Diploma mills

229. § 1011m. Certification regarding the use of certain Federal funds

230. §1015 — Improvements in market information and public accountability in higher education

231. § 1015a. Transparency in college tuition for consumers

232. § 1015b. Textbook information

233. § 1015c. Database of student information prohibited

234. § 1015d. In-State tuition rates for members of qualifying Federal service

235. § 1015e. State higher education information system pilot program

236. § 1015f. State commitment to affordable college education

237. §1018 — Performance-Based Organization for delivery of Federal student financial assistance

238. § 1018a. Procurement flexibility

239. § 1018b. Administrative simplification of student aid delivery

240. Section 1018b, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 143 , as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6201 , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1515 , related to use of funds.

241. Section 1018c, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 144 , as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6201 , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1515 ; Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 221(a) , (b), Nov. 16, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3180 , related to applications.

242. Section 1018d, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 145 , as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6201 , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1516 , related to technical assistance and coordination contracts.

243. Section 1018e, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 146 , as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6201 , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1516 ; Pub. L. 101–305, § 5 , May 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 258 ; Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 221(c) , Nov. 16, 1990 , 104 Stat. 3180 , related to authorization of appropriations.

244. Section 1018f, Pub. L. 89–329, title I, § 147 , as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6201 , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1516 , defined “public community agency”, “institution of higher education” and “Secretary”.

245. §1019 — Definitions

246. § 1019a. Responsibilities of covered institutions, institution-affiliated organizations, and lenders

247. § 1019b. Loan information to be disclosed and model disclosure form for covered institutions, institution-affiliated organizations, and lenders participating in preferred lender arrangements

248. Section 1638(e) of title 15 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B)(ii), was in the original “section 128(e)”, and was translated as meaning section 128(e) of Pub. L. 90–321 , which is classified to section 1638(e) of title 15 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

249. § 1019c. Loan information to be disclosed and model disclosure form for institutions participating in the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program

250. § 1019d. Self-certification form for private education loans

251. §1021 — Definitions

252. §1021 — Section 6368 of this title as such section was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015 , referred to in par. (7), means section 6368 of this title prior to being omitted in the general amendment of part B of subchapter I of chapter 70 of this title by Pub. L. 114–95, title I, § 1201 , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1879 .

253. §1021 — Section 7801 of this title as such section was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015 , referred to in par. (8), means section 7801 of this title prior to amendment by Pub. L. 114–95, title VIII , §§ 8001(a)(1), (b)(2), (3), 8002, Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2088 , 2089.

254. §1022 — Purposes

255. § 1022a. Partnership grants

256. § 1022b. Administrative provisions

257. § 1022c. Accountability and evaluation

258. § 1022d. Accountability for programs that prepare teachers

259. § 1022e. Teacher development

260. § 1022f. State functions

261. § 1022g. General provisions

262. § 1022h. Authorization of appropriations

263. §1031 — Authorization of appropriations

264. §1032 — Program authorized

265. § 1032a. Uses of funds

266. § 1032b. Application requirements

267. § 1032c. Evaluation

268. §1033 — Definitions

269. § 1033a. Augustus F. Hawkins centers of excellence

270. §1034 — Teach to reach grants

271. §1035 — Adjunct teacher corps

272. §1036 — Graduate fellowships to prepare faculty in high-need areas at colleges of education

273. §1041 — Limitations

274. §1041 — Section 1045, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 235 , as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 107 , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2091 , set out limitations on grants as regards sectarian or religious use.

275. §1041 — Section 1046, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 236 , as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 107 , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2091 , required consultations by grantees with State agencies.

276. §1041 — Section 1047, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 241 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1386 , stated congressional declaration of purpose.

277. §1041 — Section 1047a, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 242 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1387 , established National Periodical System Corporation.

278. §1041 — Section 1047b, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 243 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1387 , related to functions of National Periodical System Corporation.

279. §1041 — Section 1047c, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 244 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1387 , related to board of directors of National Periodical System Corporation.

280. §1041 — Section 1047d, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 245 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1388 , related to director and staff of National Periodical System Corporation.

281. §1041 — Section 1047e, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 246 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1388 , related to nonprofit nature of National Periodical System Corporation.

282. §1041 — Section 1047f, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 247 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1388 , related to authority of National Periodical System Corporation.

283. §1041 — Section 1047g, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 248 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1389 , related to congressional approval of design for national periodical system.

284. §1041 — Section 1047h, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 249 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1389 , related to effect of former part D of this subchapter on copyright law.

285. §1041 — Section 1047i, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 250 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1389 , defined terms used in former part D of this subchapter.

286. §1041 — Section 1047j, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 251 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1390 , authorized appropriations to carry out former part D of this subchapter.

287. §1051 — Findings and purpose

288. §1051 — Section 1052, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 302 , Nov. 8, 1965 , 79 Stat. 1229 ; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 121(a) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 241 ; Pub. L. 93–380, title VIII, § 832 , Aug. 21, 1974 , 88 Stat. 603 ; Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 112 , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2091 , related to eligibility for special assistance.

289. §1051 — Section 1053, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 303 , Nov. 8, 1965 , 79 Stat. 1230 ; Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(h)(4) , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 174 ; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 121(a) , title III, § 301(a)(1), June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 242 , 326, provided for the establishment of an Advisory Council on Developing Institutions.

290. §1051 — Section 1054, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 304 , Nov. 8, 1965 , 79 Stat. 1230 ; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 121(a) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 243 , authorized the Commissioner of Education to make grants and awards.

291. §1051 — Section 1055, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 305 , Nov. 8, 1965 , 79 Stat. 1231 ; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 121(a) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 244 , related to assistance to developing institutions under other programs.

292. §1051 — Section 1056, Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 306 , as added Pub L. 90–575, title II, § 223(a), Oct. 16, 1968 , 82 Stat. 1038 ; amended Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 121(a) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 245 , prohibited the use of funds for religious activities.

293. §1057 — Program purpose

294. §1058 — Definitions; eligibility

295. §1059 — Duration of grant

296. § 1059a. Applications

297. § 1059b. Goals for financial management and academic program

298. § 1059c. American Indian tribally controlled colleges and universities

299. Section 532 of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(B), is section 532 of Pub. L. 103–382 , which is set out in a note under section 301 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

300. § 1059d. Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian-serving institutions

301. § 1059e. Predominantly Black Institutions

302. Section 1068b of this title shall not apply to applications under this section.

303. § 1059f. Native American-serving, nontribal institutions

304. § 1059g. Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institutions

305. §1060 — Findings and purposes

306. §1060 — Sec. 2. White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity through Historically Black Colleges and Universities . (a) In furtherance of the policy set out in section 1 of this order, there is established in the Department of Education (Department), the White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity through Historically Black Colleges and Universities (Initiative), led by an Executive Director designated by the President and appointed consistent with applicable law. The Executive Director shall manage the day-to-day operations of the Initiative, in consultation with the Assistant to the President and Director of the White House Office of Public Engagement as appropriate, and coordinate with senior officials across the Executive Office of the President, who shall lend their expertise and advice to the Initiative.

307. §1060 — Sec. 3. President’s Board of Advisors on Historically Black Colleges and Universities . (a) There is established in the Department the President’s Board of Advisors on Historically Black Colleges and Universities (Board). The Board shall fulfill the mission and functions established in section 5(c) of the PARTNERS Act [ 20 U.S.C. 1063e(c) ]. The Board shall include sitting HBCU presidents as well as leaders from a variety of sectors, including education, philanthropy, business, finance, entrepreneurship, innovation, science and technology, and private foundations.

308. §1060 — Sec. 4. Administrative Provisions. (a) This order supersedes Executive Order 13779 of February 28, 2017 (White House Initiative To Promote Excellence and Innovation at Historically Black Colleges and Universities) [formerly set out above], which is hereby revoked. To the extent that there are other Executive Orders that may conflict with or overlap with the provisions in this order, the provisions in this order supersede those prior Executive Orders on these subjects.

309. §1060 — Sec. 5. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

310. §1060 — Section 1. Policy . HBCUs have a proud history and legacy of achievement. In the face of discrimination against Black Americans by many institutions of higher education, HBCUs created pathways to opportunity and educational excellence for Black students throughout our Nation. That legacy continues. Today, more than 100 HBCUs, located in 19 States, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, serve nearly 300,000 students annually. HBCUs vary in size and academic focus and serve a range of diverse students and communities in urban, rural, and suburban settings.

311. §1061 — Definitions

312. §1062 — Grants to institutions

313. §1063 — Allotments to institutions

314. § 1063a. Applications

315. Section 1058(b)(1)(E) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed and section 1058(b)(1)(F) was redesignated section 1058(b)(1)(E) by Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 302(a)(1)(B) , (C), July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 472 .

316. § 1063b. Professional or graduate institutions

317. § 1063c. Reporting and audit requirements

318. § 1063d. Strengthening HBCUs through Federal agency plans

319. § 1063e. President’s Board of Advisors on HBCUs

320. §1065 — Endowment challenge grants

321. §1066 — Findings

322. § 1066a. Definitions

323. § 1066b. Federal insurance for bonds

324. Section 1066e of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 306(d) , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1647 .

325. § 1066c. Limitations on Federal insurance for bonds issued by designated bonding authority

326. § 1066d. Authority of Secretary

327. § 1066f. HBCU Capital Financing Advisory Board

328. § 1066g. Minority business enterprise utilization

329. §1067 — Findings

330. § 1067a. Purpose; authority

331. § 1067b. Grant recipient selection

332. § 1067c. Use of funds

333. § 1067e. YES partnerships grant program

334. § 1067g. Eligibility for grants

335. § 1067h. Grant application

336. § 1067i. Cross program and cross agency cooperation

337. § 1067j. Administrative provisions

338. § 1067k. Definitions

339. § 1067q. Investment in historically Black colleges and universities and other minority-serving institutions

340. §1068 — Applications for assistance

341. Section 1058(b)(1)(E) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(3), was repealed and section 1058(b)(1)(F) was redesignated section 1058(b)(1)(E) by Pub. L. 102–325, title III, § 302(a)(1)(B) , (C), July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 472 .

342. Section 209 of the Higher Education Hurricane Relief Act of 2005, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B), is section 209 of title IV of div. B of Pub. L. 109–148 , Dec. 30, 2005 , 119 Stat. 2808 , which is not classified to the Code.

343. § 1068a. Waiver authority and reporting requirement

344. § 1068b. Application review process

345. § 1068c. Cooperative arrangements

346. § 1068d. Assistance to institutions under other programs

347. § 1068e. Limitations

348. § 1068f. Penalties

349. § 1068g. Continuation awards

350. § 1068h. Authorization of appropriations

351. §1070 — Statement of purpose; program authorization

352. § 1070a. Federal Pell Grants: amount and determinations; applications

353. § 1070b. Purpose; appropriations authorized

354. § 1070c. Purpose; appropriations authorized

355. § 1070e. Child care access means parents in school

356. § 1070g. Definitions

357. §1071 — Statement of purpose; nondiscrimination; and appropriations authorized

358. §1072 — Advances for reserve funds of State and nonprofit private loan insurance programs

359. § 1072a. Federal Student Loan Reserve Fund

360. Section 1078(c)(6)(A) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A), was redesignated section 1078(c)(6)(A)(i) of this title by Pub. L. 109–171, title VIII, § 8014(d)(3)(A) , (B), Feb. 8, 2006 , 120 Stat. 170 .

361. § 1072b. Agency Operating Fund

362. Section 1078(c)(6)(B) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(5), was redesignated section 1078(c)(6)(A)(ii) of this title by Pub. L. 109–171, title VIII, § 8014(d)(3)(A) , (B), Feb. 8, 2006 , 120 Stat. 170 .

363. §1073 — Effects of adequate non-Federal programs

364. §1074 — Scope and duration of Federal loan insurance program

365. §1075 — Limitations on individual federally insured loans and on Federal loan insurance

366. §1075 — Section 1078–1 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–66, title IV, § 4047(b) –(d), Aug. 10, 1993 , 107 Stat. 364 , eff. July 1, 1994 , except with respect to loans provided under that section as it existed prior to Aug. 10, 1993 . Subsequently, a new section 1078–1, relating to voluntary flexible agreements with guaranty agencies, was enacted by Pub. L. 105–244, title IV, § 418 , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1691 .

367. §1076 — Sources of funds

368. §1077 — Eligibility of student borrowers and terms of federally insured student loans

369. § 1077a. Applicable interest rates

370. Section 1078–1 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (c) to (e)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–66, title IV, § 4047(b) –(d), Aug. 10, 1993 , 107 Stat. 364 , eff. July 1, 1994 , except with respect to loans provided under that section as it existed prior to Aug. 10, 1993 . Subsequently, a new section 1078–1, relating to voluntary flexible agreements with guaranty agencies, was enacted by Pub. L. 105–244, title IV, § 418 , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1691 .

371. §1078 — Federal payments to reduce student interest costs

372. §1079 — Certificate of Federal loan insurance—effective date of insurance

373. §1080 — Default of student under Federal loan insurance program

374. § 1080a. Reports to consumer reporting agencies and institutions of higher education

375. §1081 — Insurance fund

376. §1082 — Legal powers and responsibilities

377. §1083 — Student loan information by eligible lenders

378. § 1083a. Consumer education information

379. §1084 — Participation by Federal credit unions in Federal, State, and private student loan insurance programs

380. §1085 — Definitions for student loan insurance program

381. §1085 — Section 1078(h) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(H), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–315, title IV, § 438(a)(2)(B) , Aug. 14, 2008 , 122 Stat. 3258 .

382. §1085 — Section 1078–1 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(4)(B) and (m)(1)(A), (2)(D), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–66, title IV, § 4047(b) –(d), Aug. 10, 1993 , 107 Stat. 364 , eff. July 1, 1994 , except with respect to loans provided under that section as it existed prior to Aug. 10, 1993 . Subsequently, a new section 1078–1, relating to voluntary flexible agreements with guaranty agencies, was enacted by Pub. L. 105–244, title IV, § 418 , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1691 .

383. §1086 — Delegation of functions

384. §1087 — Repayment by Secretary of loans of bankrupt, deceased, or disabled borrowers; treatment of borrowers attending schools that fail to provide a refund, attending closed schools, or falsely certified as eligible to borrow

385. §1087 — Section 1. Policy . It shall be the policy of the Federal Government to facilitate—in a manner that is quick, efficient, and minimally burdensome—the discharge of Federal student loan debt for totally and permanently disabled veterans.

386. §1087 — Section 1078–1 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–66, title IV, § 4047(b) –(d), Aug. 10, 1993 , 107 Stat. 364 , eff. July 1, 1994 , except with respect to loans provided under that section as it existed prior to Aug. 10, 1993 . Subsequently, a new section 1078–1, relating to voluntary flexible agreements with guaranty agencies, was enacted by Pub. L. 105–244, title IV, § 418 , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1691 .

387. § 1087a. Program authority

388. § 1087aa. Appropriations authorized

389. § 1087b. Funds for origination of direct student loans

390. § 1087bb. Allocation of funds

391. Section 1087aa of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (b)(1), (2)(A)(i), was amended by Pub. L. 114–105, § 2(a)(1)(B) , Dec. 18, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2219 , which struck out subsec. (b) authorizing appropriations and added a new subsec. (b) authorizing institutions of higher education to make loans.

392. § 1087c. Selection of institutions for participation and origination

393. § 1087cc. Agreements with institutions of higher education

394. § 1087d. Agreements with institutions

395. Section 1087cc(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(G), was amended by Pub. L. 105–244, title IV, § 463(a)(3) , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1724 , which redesignated pars. (6) and (7) as (5) and (6), respectively.

396. § 1087dd. Terms of loans

397. § 1087e. Terms and conditions of loans

398. § 1087ee. Cancellation of loans for certain public service

399. Section 1087aa of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was amended by Pub. L. 114–105, § 2(a)(1)(B) , Dec. 18, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2219 , which struck out subsec. (b) authorizing appropriations and added a new subsec. (b) authorizing institutions of higher education to make loans.

400. § 1087f. Contracts

401. § 1087ff. Distribution of assets from student loan funds

402. § 1087gg. Collection of defaulted loans: Perkins Loan Revolving Fund

403. § 1087h. Funds for administrative expenses

404. § 1087hh. General authority of Secretary

405. § 1087i. Authority to sell loans

406. § 1087ii. Definitions

407. § 1087j. Loan cancellation for teachers

408. Section 9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsecs. (b)(1)(B) and (g)(3), was amended by Pub. L. 114–95 and, as so amended, is now section 8101 of the Act and no longer defines “highly qualified”. A reference in this section to the term “highly qualified” as defined in section 9101 of the Act is to be treated as a reference to such term under such section 9101 as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of Pub. L. 114–95 . See section 9214(a)(1) of Pub. L. 114–95 , set out as a Use of the Term “Highly Qualified” in Other Laws note under section 1070g–2 of this title .

409. § 1087kk. Amount of need

410. § 1087ll. Cost of attendance

411. § 1087mm. Special rules for student aid index

412. § 1087nn. Determination of student aid index

413. § 1087oo. Student aid index for dependent students

414. § 1087pp. Student aid index for independent students without dependents other than a spouse

415. § 1087qq. Student aid index for independent students with dependents other than a spouse

416. § 1087rr. Regulations; updated tables

417. § 1087ss. Eligible applicants exempt from asset reporting

418. § 1087tt. Discretion of student financial aid administrators

419. § 1087uu. Disregard of student aid in other programs

420. § 1087vv. Definitions

421. Section 156(b) of the “Joint Resolution making further continuing appropriations and providing for productive employment for the fiscal year 1983, and for other purposes”, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(K), is section 156(b) of Pub. L. 97–377 , which is set out as a note under section 402 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

422. Section 903 of the Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1981, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(J), is section 903 of Pub. L. 96–342 , which is set out as a note under section 2141 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

423. §1088 — Definitions

424. §1088 — Section 3005(c) of Pub. L. 101–508 , which provided that the amendments made by section 3005 (amending this section and section 1091 of this title ) were to apply to any grant, loan, or work assistance to cover the cost of instruction for periods of enrollment beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1991 , was repealed by section 2(d)(2)(A) of Pub. L. 102–26 . See Construction of 1991 Amendment note below.

425. § 1088a. Clock and credit hour treatment of diploma nursing schools

426. Section 1088a, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 492 , formerly § 462, as added Pub. L. 90–575, title I, § 151 , Oct. 16, 1968 , 82 Stat. 1032 ; renumbered § 492, Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 137(b) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 272 , related to the eligibility of residents of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. See section 1091(b) of this title .

427. Section 1088b, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 493 , formerly § 463, as added Pub. L. 90–575, title I, § 152 , Oct. 16, 1968 , 82 Stat. 1033 ; renumbered § 493, Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 137(b) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 272 ; amended Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 131(a) , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2147 ; Pub. L. 95–43, § 1(a)(40) , June 15, 1977 , 91 Stat. 217 , related to administration expenses. See section 1096 of this title .

428. Section 1088b–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 493A , as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 131(b) , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2148 , related to institutional and financial assistance information for students. See section 1092 of this title .

429. Section 1088b–2, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 493B , as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 131(b) , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2149 , related to student aid information services.

430. Section 1088b–3, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 493C , as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 131(b) , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2149 , related to the student financial assistance training program.

431. Section 1088c, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 494 , formerly § 464, as added Pub. L. 90–575, title I, § 152 , Oct. 16, 1968 , 82 Stat. 1033 ; renumbered § 494 and amended Pub. L. 92–318, title I , §§ 137(b), 138(a), June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 272 , 280, related to maintenance of effort requirement.

432. Section 1088d, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 495 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 139 , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 280 ; amended S. Res. 4, Feb. 4, 1977 ; S. Res. 30, Mar. 7, 1979 , related to requirement that copies of rules, regulations, instructions, and application forms be supplied to Congressional committees.

433. Section 1088e, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 496 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 139A(a) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 281 , related to transfer of funds between programs. See section 1095 of this title .

434. Section 1088f, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 497 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 139B(a) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 281 ; amended Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 132 , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2150 ; Pub. L. 95–566, § 7 , Nov. 1, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2404 , related to eligibility for student assistance. See section 1091 of this title .

435. Section 1088f–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 497A , as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 133(a) , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2150 ; amended Pub. L. 95–43, § 1(a)(41) , June 15, 1977 , 91 Stat. 217 ; Pub. L. 95–561, title XII, § 1231(b) , Nov. 1, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2346 , related to fiscal eligibility of institutions.

436. Section 1088g, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 498 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 139C(a) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 282 , related to requirement of an affidavit of educational purpose.

437. §1089 — Master calendar

438. §1089 — Section 1090 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(B), (C), was generally amended by Pub. L. 116–260, div. FF, title VII, § 702(m)(1) , Dec. 27, 2020 , 134 Stat. 3168 . For a similar provision to former subsec. (a)(5), see subsec. (a)(6) of section 1090 of this title .

439. §1090 — Free Application for Federal Student Aid

440. §1091 — Section 1078–1 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–66, title IV, § 4047(b) –(d), Aug. 10, 1993 , 107 Stat. 364 , eff. July 1, 1994 , except with respect to loans provided under that section as it existed prior to Aug. 10, 1993 . Subsequently, a new section 1078–1, relating to voluntary flexible agreements with guaranty agencies, was enacted by Pub. L. 105–244, title IV, § 418 , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1691 .

441. §1091 — Section 171, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(B), may have been intended as a reference to section 171 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act, Pub. L. 113–128 , which is classified to section 3226 of Title 29 , Labor. Neither the National Apprenticeship Act nor the Higher Education Act of 1965 contains a section 171.

442. §1091 — Student eligibility

443. § 1091a. Statute of limitations, and State court judgments

444. § 1091b. Institutional refunds

445. § 1091c. Readmission requirements for servicemembers

446. Section 1091c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 504 , as added Pub. L. 90–35, § 2(c) , June 29, 1967 , 81 Stat. 83 ; amended Pub. L. 90–575, title II, § 231(a) , Oct. 16, 1968 , 82 Stat. 1039 ; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 141(a)(1)(B) , (c)(1)(B), June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 284 , 285, authorized the Commissioner to make grants or contracts with State or local educational agencies for attracting qualified persons to the field of education.

447. Section 1091d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 505 , as added Pub. L. 90–35, § 2(c) , June 29, 1967 , 81 Stat. 84 , required the Commissioner to consult with the National Science Foundation and the National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities in development and review of programs.

448. Section 1091e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 506 , as added Pub. L. 90–35, § 2(c) , June 29, 1967 , 81 Stat. 84 , authorized transfer of funds for programs for education professions development.

449. Section 1091f, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 507 , as added Pub. L. 90–35, § 2(c) , June 29, 1967 , 81 Stat. 84 , authorized employment of experts and consultants and set forth provisions for compensation and travel expenses.

450. §1092 — Institutional and financial assistance information for students

451. § 1092a. Combined payment plan

452. § 1092b. National Student Loan Data System

453. § 1092c. Simplification of lending process for borrowers

454. § 1092d. Scholarship fraud assessment and awareness activities

455. § 1092e. College access initiative

456. § 1092f. Early awareness and outreach of financial aid eligibility

457. §1093 — Distance education demonstration programs

458. §1093 — Section 1087 ll of this title, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was generally amended by Pub. L. 116–260, div. FF, title VII, § 702(b) , Dec. 27, 2020 , 134 Stat. 3138 . For a similar provision to former par. (5), see subsec. (a)(6) of section 1087 ll of this title.

459. § 1093a. Articulation agreements

460. §1094 — Program participation agreements

461. § 1094a. Regulatory relief and improvement

462. § 1094b. Assignment of identification numbers

463. §1095 — Transfer of allotments

464. § 1095a. Wage garnishment requirement

465. §1096 — Administrative expenses

466. §1097 — Criminal penalties

467. § 1097a. Administrative subpoenas

468. §1098 — Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance

469. §1098 — Section 1233g of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–382, title II, § 212(a)(2) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3913 .

470. Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to activities carried out under this section.

471. § 1098a. Regional meetings and negotiated rulemaking

472. § 1098aa. Short title; findings; reference

473. § 1098b. Authorization of appropriations for administrative expenses

474. § 1098bb. Waiver authority for response to military contingencies and national emergencies

475. § 1098cc. Tuition refunds or credits for members of armed forces

476. § 1098d. Procedures for cancellations and deferments for eligible disabled veterans

477. § 1098dd. Use of professional judgment

478. § 1098e. Income-based repayment

479. § 1098ee. Definitions

480. § 1098f. Deferral of loan repayment following active duty

481. § 1098g. Exemption from State disclosure requirements

482. § 1098h. Procedure and requirements for requesting tax return information from the Internal Revenue Service

483. §1099 — Transferred

484. Section 1099a, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 494 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IV, § 499 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 635 , authorized State postsecondary review program.

485. Section 1099a–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 494A , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IV, § 499 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 635 , related to State postsecondary review entity agreements.

486. Section 1099a–2, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 494B , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IV, § 499 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 637 , related to Federal reimbursement of State postsecondary review costs.

487. Section 1099a–3, Pub. L. 89–329, title IV, § 494C , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IV, § 499 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 637 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(i)(1) , (2), Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2478 , related to functions of State review entities.

488. § 1099a. State responsibilities

489. § 1099b. Recognition of accrediting agency or association

490. § 1099c. Eligibility and certification procedures

491. § 1099d. Competitive loan auction pilot program

492. §1101 — Findings; purpose; and program authority

493. § 1101a. Definitions; eligibility

494. § 1101b. Authorized activities

495. § 1101c. Duration of grant

496. § 1101d. Special rule

497. §1102 — Purposes

498. § 1102a. Program authority and eligibility

499. § 1102b. Authorized activities

500. § 1102c. Application and duration

501. Section 1102d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 505 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 663 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(1) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2480 , related to State Academies for teachers.

502. Section 1102e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 506 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 666 , related to State Academies for school leaders.

503. Section 1102f, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 507 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 669 , related to uses of funds by institutions of higher education.

504. Section 1102g, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 508 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 670 , related to professional development academies.

505. Section 1102h, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 509 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 673 , required that Federal funds supplement, not supplant, regular non-Federal funds.

506. Section 1102i, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 510 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 673 , related to coordination with other programs.

507. Section 1102j, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 510A , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 674 , authorized appropriations for State and local programs for teacher excellence.

508. §1103 — Eligibility; applications

509. § 1103a. Waiver authority and reporting requirement

510. § 1103b. Application review process

511. § 1103c. Cooperative arrangements

512. § 1103d. Assistance to institutions under other programs

513. § 1103e. Limitations

514. § 1103f. Penalties

515. § 1103g. Authorizations of appropriations

516. Section 1104, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 521 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 677 , related to purpose of Paul Douglas Teacher Scholarship program and provided that scholarships be referred to as “Paul Douglas Teacher Scholarships”.

517. Section 1104a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 522 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 677 , related to allocation among States.

518. Section 1104b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 523 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 678 , related to State applications for grants.

519. Section 1104c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 524 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 680 , related to amount and duration of scholarships and relation to other assistance.

520. Section 1104d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 525 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 680 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(2) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2480 , related to selection of Paul Douglas Teacher Scholars.

521. Section 1104e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 526 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 681 , related to scholarship conditions.

522. Section 1104f, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 527 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 681 , related to scholarship repayment provisions.

523. Section 1104g, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 528 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 681 , related to exceptions to repayment provisions.

524. Section 1104h, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 529 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 682 , related to Federal administration of State programs and judicial review.

525. Section 1104i, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 530 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 682 , related to evaluation of scholarship recipients.

526. Section 1104j, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 530A , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 683 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(3) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2481 , related to designation of shortage areas.

527. Section 1104k, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 530B , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 683 , authorized appropriations for Paul Douglas Teacher Scholarship program.

528. Section 1105, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 531 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 684 , related to purpose of Christa McAuliffe fellowship program and provided that fellowship recipients be known as “Christa McAuliffe fellows”.

529. Section 1105a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 532 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 684 , authorized grants to State education agencies for Christa McAuliffe fellowship program.

530. Section 1105b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 533 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 684 , related to award and use of Christa McAuliffe fellowships.

531. Section 1105c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 534 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 685 , related to selection of Christa McAuliffe fellows.

532. Section 1105d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 535 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 685 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(4) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2481 , related to evaluation of applications.

533. Section 1105e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 536 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 686 , related to fellowship repayment provisions.

534. Section 1105f, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 537 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 686 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(5) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2481 , related to Secretary’s responsibilities.

535. Section 1105g, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 538 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 686 , related to State applications for grants.

536. Section 1105h, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 539 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 687 , related to evaluation of Christa McAuliffe fellows and their impact.

537. Section 1105i, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 540 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 687 , authorized appropriations to carry out Christa McAuliffe fellowship program.

538. Section 1106, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 541 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 687 , authorized Teacher Corps program.

539. Section 1106a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 542 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 688 , related to use of funds.

540. Section 1106b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 543 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 689 , related to selection of Teacher Corps members.

541. Section 1106c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 544 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 690 , related to State applications for funds.

542. Section 1106d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 545 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 690 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(6) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2481 , related to Teacher Corps scholarships.

543. Section 1106e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 546 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 691 , related to scholarship conditions.

544. Section 1106f, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 547 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 693 , related to publication and recruitment.

545. Section 1106g, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 548 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 693 , authorized appropriations for Teacher Corps program.

546. Section 1107, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 551 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 693 ; amended Pub. L. 103–227, title X, § 1013 , Mar. 31, 1994 , 108 Stat. 265 , related to National Board for Professional Teaching Standards.

547. Section 1107a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 532 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title V, § 501(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1501 , related to geographical distribution of grants to establish and operate professional development resource centers.

548. Section 1107b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 533 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title V, § 501(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1501 , related to grant requirements for professional development resource centers.

549. Section 1107c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 534 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title V, § 501(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1502 , related to requirement for professional development policy boards.

550. Section 1107d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 535 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title V, § 501(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1502 , related to submission and approval of applications for grants to establish and operate professional development resource centers.

551. Section 1108, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 552 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 698 , provided that subpart 2 of former part D of this subchapter could be cited as the “Alternative Routes to Teacher Certification and Licensure Act of 1992”.

552. Section 1108a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 553 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 698 , provided congressional findings concerning alternative teacher certification and licensure.

553. Section 1108b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 554 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 698 , stated purpose of subpart 2 of former part D of this subchapter.

554. Section 1108c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 555 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 699 , provided for allotments of funds to States.

555. Section 1108d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 556 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 699 ; amended Pub. L. 103–382, title II, § 261(i)(2) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3929 , related to State applications for grants under subpart 2 of former part D of this subchapter.

556. Section 1108e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 557 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 700 , outlined permissible uses of funds.

557. Section 1108f, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 558 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 700 , defined “State” for purposes of subpart 2 of former part D of this subchapter.

558. Section 1108g, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 559 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 700 , authorized appropriations for fiscal year 1993 to carry out subpart 2 of former part D of this subchapter.

559. Section 1109, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 561 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 700 , set forth purpose of class size demonstration grant program.

560. Section 1109a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 562 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 700 , authorized program of grants for demonstration projects that demonstrate methods of reducing class size.

561. Section 1109b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 563 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 701 , related to program requirements.

562. Section 1109c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 564 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 701 , related to applications for grants.

563. Section 1109d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 565 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 702 , related to evaluation of demonstration projects and dissemination of information.

564. Section 1109e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 565A , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 702 , authorized appropriations for class size demonstration grant program.

565. Section 1110, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 566 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 703 , stated purpose of middle school teaching demonstration grant program.

566. Section 1110a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 567 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 703 , defined “developmentally appropriate” and “middle school”.

567. Section 1110b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 568 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 703 , authorized program of grants for development of model programs with specialized focus on teaching grades 6 through 9.

568. Section 1110c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 569 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 703 , related to applications for grants.

569. Section 1110d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 570 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 704 , related to submission of reports and other information by grant recipients.

570. Section 1110e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 570A , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 704 , authorized appropriations for middle school teaching demonstration grant program.

571. Section 1111, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 571 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 704 , stated purpose of new teaching careers grant program.

572. Section 1111a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 572 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 704 ; amended Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 391(e)(5) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4022 , authorized grants to States.

573. Section 1111b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 573 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 705 , related to agreements with grant recipients.

574. Section 1111c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 574 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 705 , related to applications for grants.

575. Section 1111d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 575 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 706 , related to requirements of recipients of student financial assistance under programs.

576. Section 1111e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 576 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 707 , related to special considerations in awarding grants.

577. Section 1111f, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 576A , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 707 , related to use of funds by grant recipients.

578. Section 1111g, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 576B , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 707 , defined terms.

579. Section 1111h, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 576C , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 708 , authorized appropriations for new teaching careers grant program.

580. Section 1112, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 577 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 708 , stated purpose of grant program to encourage minority students to become teachers.

581. Section 1112a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 578 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 708 , authorized grants for partnerships.

582. Section 1112b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 579 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 708 , related to partnership agreements.

583. Section 1112c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 580 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 709 , related to applications for teacher partnership program grants.

584. Section 1112d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 580A , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 710 , authorized grants for teacher training and placement programs.

585. Section 1112e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 580B , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 710 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(7) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2481 , authorized appropriations for programs under sections 1112a and 1112d of this title.

586. Section 1113, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 581 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 711 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(8) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2481 ; Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 391(e)(6) , (7), Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4022 , 4023, authorized grants for partnerships to carry out National Mini Corps Program.

587. Section 1113a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 562 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title V, § 501(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1511 , related to use of funds for Christa McAuliffe fellowship program.

588. Section 1113b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 563 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title V, § 501(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1511 , related to award, distribution, and use of Christa McAuliffe fellowships.

589. Section 1113c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 564 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title V, § 501(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1511 , related to selection of Christa McAuliffe teacher fellowships.

590. Section 1113d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 565 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title V, § 501(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1511 , related to evaluation of applications for Christa McAuliffe fellowships.

591. Section 1113e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 566 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title V, § 501(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1512 , related to repayment of Christa McAuliffe fellowships.

592. Section 1114, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 586 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 712 ; amended Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 391(e)(8) , (9), Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4023 , authorized demonstration grants for critical language and area studies.

593. Section 1114a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 587 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 714 , related to development of foreign language and culture instructional materials.

594. Section 1115, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 591 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 714 , authorized grants for development of model programs for educational excellence, teacher training, and educational reform.

595. Section 1116, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 593 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 715 , authorized grants for development of model programs of development and training of faculty who teach students with disabilities.

596. Section 1117, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 596 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 716 , authorized grants for programs to recruit and train students for careers in early childhood education and violence counseling.

597. Section 1117a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 597 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 717 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(9) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2481 , authorized grants for early childhood staff training and professional enhancement.

598. Section 1117b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 598 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 719 , required reports by grant recipients.

599. Section 1117c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 599 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title V, § 501(a) , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 719 , authorized appropriations for activities described in sections 1117 and 1117a of this title.

600. Section 1119 Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 531 , as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 153 , formerly § 153(a), Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2154 , renumbered Pub. L. 95–43, § 1(b)(5) , June 15, 1977 , 91 Stat. 218 ; amended Pub. L. 95–561, title XIII, § 1321(a) , Nov. 1, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2362 ; Pub. L. 96–49, § 6(b) , Aug. 13, 1979 , 93 Stat. 353 ; Pub. L. 96–374, title V , §§ 501(b), 503(a), Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1459 , authorized appropriations for fiscal years 1981 to 1985 to carry out teacher training programs.

601. Section 1119a, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 532 , as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 153 , formerly § 153(a), Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2154 , renumbered Pub. L. 95–43, § 1(b)(5) , June 15, 1977 , 91 Stat. 218 ; amended Pub. L. 95–561, title XIII, § 1321(b) , Nov. 1, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2363 ; Pub. L. 96–374, title V, § 503(b) , (c), title XIII, § 1391(a)(1), (2), Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1459 , 1460, 1503, related to grants, functions, etc., of teacher centers, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 97–35, title V, § 587(a)(2) , Aug. 13, 1981 , 95 Stat. 480 , eff. Oct. 1, 1982 .

602. Section 1119a–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 533 , as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 153 , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2155 ; amended Pub. L. 95–43, § 1(a)(42) , (b)(5), June 15, 1977 , 91 Stat. 217 , 218; Pub. L. 96–374, title V, § 504 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1460 ; Pub. L. 97–300, title I, § 183 , Oct. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1357 , related to grants for training higher education personnel.

603. Section 1119b, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 541 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title V, § 505(a) , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1461 , authorized grants to State educational agencies to train teachers for handicapped children.

604. Section 1119b–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 542 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title V, § 505(a) , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1462 , related to applications for grants for training teachers for handicapped children.

605. Section 1119b–2, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 543 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title V, § 505(a) , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1462 , provided for stipends and allowances for participants in program of training teachers for handicapped children.

606. Section 1119b–3, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 544 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title V, § 505(a) , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1463 , set out conditions for maintaining fellowships in training teachers for handicapped children.

607. Section 1119b–4, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 545 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title V, § 505(a) , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1463 , defined “special education”.

608. Section 1119b–5, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 546 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title V, § 505(a) , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1463 , authorized appropriations for fiscal years 1981 to 1985 to carry out grant program for training teachers for handicapped children.

609. Section 1119c, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 551 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title V, § 506 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1463 , stated Congressional findings concerning Federal programs to train education professionals.

610. Section 1119c–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 552 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title V, § 506 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1464 , stated Congressional declaration of policy concerning Federal programs to support education professional development.

611. Section 1119c–2, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 553 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title V, § 506 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1464 ; amended Pub. L. 99–386, title I, § 103(b) , Aug. 22, 1986 , 100 Stat. 821 , established Office of Education Professional Development.

612. Section 1119c–3, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 554 , as added Pub. L. 90–576, title II, § 201 , Oct. 16, 1968 , 82 Stat. 1094 , related to familiarizing teachers with new curricular methods, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 151(a)(4)(C) , title II, § 204(c)(1), Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2152 , 2215.

613. Section 1119c–4, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 555 , as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 151(a)(4)(B) , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2152 , authorized appropriation for the fiscal years ending prior to Oct. 1, 1977 , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 151(a)(4)(C) , title II, § 204(c)(1), Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2152 , 2215.

614. Section 1119d, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 561 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2894 , stated purpose and authorized appropriations for Carl D. Perkins Scholarship program.

615. Section 1119d–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 562 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2894 , provided for allocation among States of funds appropriated for Carl D. Perkins Scholarship program.

616. Section 1119d–2, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 563 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2894 , provided for form, content, and processing of applications for grants to States under Carl D. Perkins Scholarship program.

617. Section 1119d–3, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 564 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2896 , related to amount and duration of Carl D. Perkins Scholarships and the relationship of Scholarships to other forms of assistance.

618. Section 1119d–4, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 565 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2896 , provided for selection of Carl D. Perkins Scholars.

619. Section 1119d–5, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 566 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2897 , provided conditions for continued receipt of Carl D. Perkins Scholarship assistance.

620. Section 1119d–6, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 567 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2897 , provided for repayment of Carl D. Perkins Scholarship assistance in case of noncompliance with program agreement.

621. Section 1119d–7, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 568 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2897 , provided exceptions to repayment requirements.

622. Section 1119d–8, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 569 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2898 , related to Federal administration of State programs to make available Carl D. Perkins Scholarships and judicial review thereof.

623. Section 1119e, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 571 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2898 , stated purpose of establishing national fellowship program for outstanding teachers.

624. Section 1119e–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 572 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2898 , authorized appropriations for fiscal years 1986 to 1989 for fellowships to outstanding teachers.

625. Section 1119e–2, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 573 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2899 , provided for program of talented teacher fellowships.

626. Section 1119e–3, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 574 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2899 , provided for selection of recipients of talented teacher fellowships.

627. Section 1119e–4, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 575 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2899 , provided for submission and evaluation of applications for talented teacher fellowship assistance.

628. Section 1119e–5, Pub. L. 89–329, title V, § 576 , as added Pub. L. 98–558, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 30, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2900 , provided for repayment of awards to Federal Government in case of fraud or gross noncompliance.

629. §1121 — Findings; purposes; consultation; survey

630. §1122 — Graduate and undergraduate language and area centers and programs

631. §1123 — Language resource centers

632. §1124 — Undergraduate international studies and foreign language programs

633. §1125 — Research; studies; annual report

634. §1125 — Section 1125a, Pub. L. 89–329, title VI, § 607 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title VI, § 607 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1518 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title VI, § 601 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 726 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(13) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2481 , related to periodicals and other research materials published outside the United States.

635. §1125 — Section 1125b, Pub. L. 89–329, title VI, § 608 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title VI, § 608 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1518 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title VI, § 601 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 727 , related to selection of certain grant recipients.

636. §1126 — Technological innovation and cooperation for foreign information access

637. §1127 — Selection of certain grant recipients

638. §1128 — Equitable distribution of certain funds

639. § 1128a. American overseas research centers

640. § 1128b. Authorization of appropriations

641. Section 1129, Pub. L. 89–329, title VI, § 609 , Nov. 8, 1965 , 79 Stat. 1266 ; Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 131(d)(2)(D) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 260 , prohibited equipment grants for sectarian instruction or religious worship.

642. Section 1129a, Pub. L. 89–329, title VI, § 610 , as added Pub. L. 90–575, title II, § 243 , Oct. 16, 1968 , 82 Stat. 1041 , provided for consultation with the National Science Foundation in regard to the purchase of laboratory equipment.

643. §1130 — Findings and purposes

644. § 1130a. Education and training programs

645. § 1130b. Authorization of appropriations

646. §1131 — Minority foreign service professional development program

647. § 1131a. Study abroad program

648. § 1131b. Advanced degree in international relations

649. § 1131c. Internships

650. § 1131d. Report

651. § 1131e. Gifts and donations

652. § 1131f. Authorization of appropriations

653. §1132 — Definitions

654. §1133 — Purpose

655. §1133 — Section 1133, Pub. L. 89–329, title VIII, § 801 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title VIII, § 801 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1546 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title VIII, § 801 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 755 , stated purpose of former subchapter VIII of this chapter and defined “cooperative education”.

656. §1133 — Section 1133a, Pub. L. 89–329, title VIII, § 802 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title VIII, § 801 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1546 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title VIII, § 801 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 755 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(24) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2482 , authorized appropriations for former subchapter VIII of this chapter.

657. §1133 — Section 1133b, Pub. L. 89–329, title VIII, § 803 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title VIII, § 801 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1548 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title VIII, § 801 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 756 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(25) , (26), Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2482 , authorized grants for cooperative education.

658. §1133 — Section 1133c, Pub. L. 89–329, title VIII, § 804 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title VIII, § 801 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 759 , authorized grants and contracts for demonstration and innovation projects, training and resource centers, and research.

659. §1134 — Award of Jacob K. Javits fellowships

660. § 1134a. Allocation of fellowships

661. § 1134b. Stipends

662. § 1134c. Fellowship conditions

663. Section 1134c–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 914 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 762 , related to information collection.

664. Section 1134c–2, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 915 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 762 , authorized appropriations for part A of former subchapter IX of this chapter.

665. § 1134d. Authorization of appropriations

666. Section 1134 l , Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 941 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1555 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 768 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(37) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2484 , stated purpose of graduate assistance in areas of national need grant program.

667. Section 1134 o , Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 944 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1556 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 770 , related to criteria for applications for grants. See section 1135b of this title .

668. Section 1134e, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 922 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1550 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 763 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(28) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2482 , authorized Patricia Roberts Harris Fellowship program.

669. Section 1134f, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 923 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1552 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 764 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(29) –(31), Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2482 , 2483, related to award of fellowships.

670. Section 1134g, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 924 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 765 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(32) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2483 , authorized appropriations for Patricia Roberts Harris Fellowship program.

671. Section 1134h, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 931 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1552 ; amended Pub. L. 100–50, § 20(1) , June 3, 1987 , 101 Stat. 360 ; Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 765 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(33) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2483 , authorized award of Jacob K. Javits fellowships and provided that award recipients be known as “Jacob K. Javits Fellows”. See section 1134 of this title .

672. Section 1134i, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 932 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1553 ; amended Pub. L. 100–50, § 20(2) , (3), June 3, 1987 , 101 Stat. 360 ; Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 766 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(34) , (35), Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2483 , related to Jacob K. Javits Fellows Program Fellowship Board and to allocation of fellowships. See section 1134a of this title .

673. Section 1134j, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 933 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1554 ; amended Pub. L. 100–50, § 20(4) , June 3, 1987 , 101 Stat. 360 ; Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 767 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(36) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2483 , related to payment of stipends to award recipients. See section 1134b of this title .

674. Section 1134k, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 934 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1554 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 767 , related to fellowship conditions. See section 1134c of this title .

675. Section 1134k–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 935 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 768 , authorized appropriations for Jacob K. Javits Fellowship program. See section 1134d of this title .

676. Section 1134m, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 942 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1555 ; amended Pub. L. 100–369, § 7(c) , July 18, 1988 , 102 Stat. 837 ; Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 768 , authorized grants to academic departments and programs to provide assistance to graduate students. See section 1135 of this title .

677. Section 1134n, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 943 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1556 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 769 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(38) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2484 , related to institutional eligibility for grants. See section 1135a of this title .

678. Section 1134p, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 945 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1557 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 770 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(39) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2484 , related to awards to graduate students. See section 1135c of this title .

679. Section 1134q, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 946 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1558 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 771 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(40) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2484 , related to additional assistance for cost of education. See section 1135d of this title .

680. Section 1134q–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 947 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 771 , authorized appropriations for graduate assistance in areas of national need grant program.

681. Section 1134r, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 951 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1558 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 772 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(41) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2484 , authorized grants for faculty development fellowship awards and provided that fellowship recipients be known as “Faculty Development Fellows”.

682. Section 1134r–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 952 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 773 , related to amount of fellowships.

683. Section 1134r–2, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 953 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 773 , related to applications required for grants.

684. Section 1134r–3, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 954 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 774 , related to fellowship agreements.

685. Section 1134r–4, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 955 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 774 , related to fellowship repayment provisions.

686. Section 1134r–5, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 956 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 774 , related to exceptions to repayment provisions.

687. Section 1134r–6, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 957 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 775 , authorized appropriations for faculty development fellowship program.

688. Section 1134s, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 961 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1558 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 775 , authorized program for assistance for training in legal profession.

689. Section 1134t, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 962 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1559 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 776 , authorized appropriations for program for assistance for training in legal profession.

690. Section 1134u, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 971 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title IX, § 901(a) , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1560 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 776 , authorized grants and contracts for programs to provide law school clinical experience programs.

691. Section 1134v, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 972 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 777 , related to applications for grants or contracts.

692. Section 1134w, Pub. L. 89–329, title IX, § 973 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title IX, § 901 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 777 , authorized appropriations for law school clinical experience programs.

693. §1135 — Grants to academic departments and programs of institutions

694. § 1135a. Institutional eligibility

695. Section 1135a–3, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1014 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 186(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 314 ; amended Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 177 , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2165 , related to expansion grants.

696. Section 1135a–4, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1015 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 186(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 314 , related to leasing of facilities.

697. Section 1135a–5, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1016 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 186(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 315 , related to establishment and expansion grants.

698. Section 1135a–6, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1017 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 186(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 315 , authorized payment to approved applicants.

699. Section 1135a–7, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1018 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 186(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 315 ; amended Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 178 , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2166 , defined the term “community college”.

700. § 1135b. Criteria for applications

701. Section 1135b–3, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1054 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 186(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 317 , set forth responsibilities of Commissioner of Education in the administration of programs.

702. Section 1135b–4, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1055 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 186(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 318 , set forth requirements for State participation and administration of programs.

703. Section 1135b–5, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1056 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 186(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 318 , authorized planning grants for State occupational education programs and set forth criteria for State participation.

704. Section 1135b–6, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1057 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 186(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 319 , authorized program grants for State occupational education programs and set forth criteria for State administration of grants.

705. Section 1135b–7, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1058 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 186(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 320 , set forth prerequisites and procedures for program grants by Commissioner and provided for judicial review of actions of Commissioner.

706. Section 1135b–8, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1059 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 186(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 321 , authorized technical assistance to the States by Commissioner and the establishment of model programs.

707. Section 1135b–9, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1060 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 186(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 322 , defined the terms “State” and “postsecondary occupational education” for purposes of occupational education programs.

708. § 1135c. Awards to graduate students

709. § 1135d. Additional assistance for cost of education

710. § 1135e. Authorization of appropriations

711. Section 1135e–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1062 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, § 1003 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1567 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1003 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 781 , authorized grants for programs to encourage female and minority elementary and secondary school students to pursue higher education for careers in science and engineering.

712. Section 1135e–2, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1063 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title X, § 1003 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1567 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1003 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 781 , defined “eligible institution” and related to availability of funds.

713. Section 1135e–3, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1064 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1003 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 782 , related to amount, duration, and use of funds.

714. Section 1135e–4, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1065 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1003 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 782 , related to applications for grants.

715. Section 1135e–5, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1066 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1003 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 782 , related to evaluation of assisted activities.

716. Section 1135e–6, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1067 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1003 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 783 , related to Federal share of costs.

717. Section 1135e–7, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1068 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1003 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 783 , related to use of funds to supplement and not supplant other funds.

718. Section 1135e–8, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1069 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1003 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 783 , authorized appropriations for women and minorities science and engineering outreach demonstration program.

719. Section 1135f, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1081 , formerly § 1181, as added Pub. L. 102–325, title X, § 1004 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 783 ; renumbered § 1081 and amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(44) , (45), Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2485 , established Dwight D. Eisenhower Leadership Program and provided that part D of former subchapter X of this chapter could be cited as the “Dwight D. Eisenhower Leadership Development Act of 1992”.

720. Section 1135g, Pub. L. 89–329, title X, § 1091 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 360D , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3972 , authorized grants to States for workplace and community transition training for incarcerated youth offenders.

721. §1136 — Legal educational opportunity program

722. § 1136a. Masters degree programs at historically Black colleges and universities

723. § 1136b. Masters degree programs at predominantly Black institutions

724. § 1136c. Authorization of appropriations

725. Section 1136d, Pub. L. 89–329, title XI, § 1105 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title XI, § 1101 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 786 , related to peer review.

726. Section 1136e, Pub. L. 89–329, title XI, § 1106 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title XI, § 1101 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 786 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(46) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2485 , related to disbursement of funds.

727. Section 1136f, Pub. L. 89–329, title XI, § 1107 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title XI, § 1101 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 787 , related to designation of Urban Grant Institutions.

728. Section 1136g, Pub. L. 89–329, title XI, § 1108 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title XI, § 1101 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 787 , defined terms “urban area” and “eligible institution”.

729. Section 1136h, Pub. L. 89–329, title XI, § 1109 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title XI, § 1101 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 787 , authorized appropriations for urban community service program.

730. §1137 — Administrative provisions for subparts 1 through 4

731. §1137 — Section 1137a, Pub. L. 89–329, title XI, § 1112 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title XI, § 1101 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1570 , related to use of urban community service funds.

732. §1137 — Section 1137b, Pub. L. 89–329, title XI, § 1113 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title XI, § 1101 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1570 , related to contents for applications for urban community services projects.

733. §1138 — Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education

734. § 1138a. National Board of the Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education

735. § 1138b. Administrative provisions

736. § 1138c. Special projects

737. § 1138d. Authorization of appropriations

738. §1140 — Definitions

739. § 1140a. Purpose

740. § 1140b. Grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements authorized

741. § 1140c. Applications

742. § 1140d. Rule of construction

743. § 1140e. Authorization of appropriations

744. § 1140f. Purpose

745. § 1140g. Model comprehensive transition and postsecondary programs for students with intellectual disabilities

746. § 1140h. Rule of construction

747. § 1140i. Authorization of appropriations and reservation

748. § 1140k. Definition of student with a print disability

749. Section 121(d) of title 17 , referred to in text, was amended by Pub. L. 115–261, § 2(a)(1)(D) , Oct. 9, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3667 , and no longer defines blind or other persons with disabilities. However, section 121(d) of title 17 , as amended, does define “eligible person” to include blind persons, persons with visual impairment or perceptual or reading disability, and persons with other physical disabilities that inhibit reading skills.

750. § 1140l. Establishment of Advisory Commission on Accessible Instructional Materials in Postsecondary Education for Students with Disabilities

751. § 1140m. Model demonstration programs to support improved access to postsecondary instructional materials for students with print disabilities

752. § 1140n. Rule of construction

753. § 1140o. Authorization of appropriations

754. § 1140p. Purpose

755. § 1140q. National technical assistance center; coordinating center

756. § 1140r. Authorization of appropriations

757. §1141 — College access challenge grant program

758. §1141 — Section 1070a–1 of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(1)(F)(i)(II), was omitted from the Code upon the expiration of Secretary’s authority to make grants at the end of award year 2010–2011.

759. §1141 — Section 1142, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1202 , formerly § 1207, as added Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 182 , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2167 ; renumbered § 1202, Pub. L. 96–374, title XII, § 1201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1493 ; amended Pub. L. 102–325, title XII, § 1202 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 793 , related to antidiscrimination requirements for institutions of higher education receiving Federal assistance, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–244, § 3 , title I, § 101(b), title VII, § 702, Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1585 , 1616, 1803, effective Oct. 1, 1998 .

760. §1141 — Section 1142a, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1202 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 196 , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 324 , related to designation of a State postsecondary education commission.

761. §1141 — Section 1142b, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1203 , as added Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 196 , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 325 ; amended Pub. L. 94–482, title I, § 179 , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2166 ; Pub. L. 96–49, § 12 , Aug. 13, 1979 , 93 Stat. 354 , related to comprehensive statewide planning.

762. §1141 — Section 1143, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1203 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title XII, § 1201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1493 , related to State agreements.

763. §1141 — Section 1144, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1204 , formerly title VIII, § 804, Nov. 8, 1965 , 79 Stat. 1270 ; renumbered title XII, § 1204, Pub. L. 90–575, title II, § 251 , Oct. 16, 1968 , 82 Stat. 1042 ; amended Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(f)(6) , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 173 , prohibited Federal control over education.

764. §1141 — Section 1144a, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1204 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title XII, § 1201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1495 ; amended Pub. L. 99–498, title XII, § 1201 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1573 ; Pub. L. 102–73, title VIII, § 801(c) , July 25, 1991 , 105 Stat. 360 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(49) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2485 , related to treatment of territories and territorial student assistance.

765. §1141 — Section 1145, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1205 , as added Pub. L. 96–374, title XII, § 1201 , Oct. 3, 1980 , 94 Stat. 1495 ; amended Pub. L. 99–498, title XII, § 1202 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1573 ; Pub. L. 102–325, title XII, § 1203 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 793 ; Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(50) –(53), Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2485 , related to National Advisory Committee on Institutional Quality and Integrity.

766. §1141 — Section 1145a, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1206 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title XII, § 1203 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1573 , related to Commission to study postsecondary institutional and programmatic recognition process.

767. §1141 — Section 1145b, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1207 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title XII, § 1204 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1576 , related to student representation in connection with administration of this chapter.

768. §1141 — Section 1145c, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1208 , as added Pub. L. 99–498, title XII, § 1205 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1577 , related to financial responsibility of foreign students.

769. §1141 — Section 1145d, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1209 , as added Pub. L. 102–325, title XII, § 1204 , July 23, 1992 , 106 Stat. 794 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(54) , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2485 , related to disclosures of foreign gifts.

770. §1141 — Section 1145d–1, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1210 , as added Pub. L. 100–50, § 21(b) , June 3, 1987 , 101 Stat. 360 , related to application of peer review process.

771. §1141 — Section 1145e, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1211 , formerly § 1210, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title XII, § 1207 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1579 ; renumbered § 1211, Pub. L. 100–50, § 21(b) , June 3, 1987 , 101 Stat. 360 , related to aggregate limit of authorization of appropriations.

772. §1141 — Section 1145f, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1212 , formerly § 1211, as added Pub. L. 100–418, title VI, § 6231 , Aug. 23, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1518 ; renumbered § 1212 and amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(j)(55) , (56), Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2485 , related to technology transfer centers.

773. §1141 — Section 1145g, Pub. L. 89–329, title XII, § 1213 , as added Pub. L. 101–226, § 22(a)(1) , Dec. 12, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1938 , related to drug and alcohol abuse prevention.

774. §1153 — Underground Railroad educational and cultural program

775. §1154 — Contract authority

776. §1155 — Connie Lee privatization

777. § 1161a. Project GRAD

778. § 1161aa. Masters degree programs

779. § 1161b. Mathematics and science scholars program

780. § 1161c. Business workforce partnerships for job skill training in high-growth occupations or industries

781. § 1161d. Capacity for nursing students and faculty

782. § 1161e. American history for freedom

783. § 1161f. Teach For America

784. § 1161g. Patsy T. Mink fellowship program

785. § 1161h. Improving college enrollment by secondary schools

786. § 1161i. Purpose

787. § 1161j. Improving science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education with a focus on Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian students

788. § 1161k. Pilot programs to increase college persistence and success

789. § 1161l. Student safety and campus emergency management

790. § 1161m. Incentives and rewards for low tuition

791. § 1161n. Statement of purpose; definition

792. § 1161o. College partnership grants authorized

793. § 1161p. Grants to create bridges from jobs to careers

794. § 1161q. Grants to rural-serving institutions of higher education

795. § 1161r. Campus-based digital theft prevention

796. § 1161s. Program to promote training and job placement of realtime writers

797. § 1161t. Model programs for Centers of Excellence for Veteran Student Success

798. § 1161u. Sustainability planning grants authorized

799. § 1161v. Modeling and simulation

800. § 1161w. Path to success

801. § 1161x. School of veterinary medicine competitive grant program

802. § 1161y. Early Federal Pell Grant Commitment Demonstration Program

803. § 1161z. Henry Kuualoha Giugni Kupuna Memorial Archives

804. §1221 — Section 1. There is hereby established the Commission on Presidential Scholars (hereinafter referred to as the Commission). The Commission shall be composed of such members as the President may appoint from time to time from among appropriately qualified citizens of the United States. The person chosen each year, with the cooperation of the Commissioner of Education, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare [now Secretary of Education], as National Teacher of the Year shall be one of the members of the Commission for a period terminating one year after the date of his or her selection as National Teacher of the Year or at such earlier time as a next-succeeding National Teacher of the Year is chosen. The President shall designate one of the members as chairman of the Commission. Members of the Commission shall serve at the pleasure of the President and without compensation from the United States.

805. §1221 — Short title; applicability; definitions

806. § 1221j. Television program assistance

807. §1223 — Forward funding

808. §1225 — Availability of appropriations on academic or school-year basis; additional period for obligation of funds

809. § 1226a. Contingent extension of programs

810. § 1226b. Responsibility of States to furnish information

811. § 1226c. Biennial evaluation report

812. § 1228a. Equity for students, teachers, and other program beneficiaries

813. § 1228b. Coordination

814. § 1228c. Disclosure requirements

815. §1231 — Joint funding of programs

816. § 1231a. Collection and dissemination of information

817. § 1231c. Advice, counsel, and technical assistance

818. § 1231d. Parental involvement and dissemination

819. § 1231e. Use of funds withheld

820. § 1231g. Applications

821. §1232 — Regulations

822. § 1232a. Prohibition against Federal control of education

823. Section 1. Policy . It shall be the policy of the executive branch to protect and preserve State and local control over the curriculum, program of instruction, administration, and personnel of educational institutions, schools, and school systems, consistent with applicable law, including ESEA, as amended by ESSA, and ESEA’s restrictions related to the Common Core State Standards developed under the Common Core State Standards Initiative.

824. § 1232b. Labor standards

825. § 1232c. State agency monitoring and enforcement

826. § 1232d. Single State application

827. § 1232e. Single local educational agency application

828. § 1232f. Records

829. § 1232g. Family educational and privacy rights

830. Section 14071 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (b)(7)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–248, title I, § 129(a) , July 27, 2006 , 120 Stat. 600 .

831. Section 3 of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B), is section 3 of Pub. L. 93–247 , which is set out as a note under section 5101 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

832. § 1232h. Protection of pupil rights

833. § 1232i. Limitations on withholding of Federal assistance

834. § 1232j. Prohibition on federally sponsored testing

835. Section 1233, Pub. L. 90–247, title IV, § 441 , formerly § 431, as added Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(a)(10) , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 170 ; renumbered § 441, Pub. L. 92–318, title III, § 301(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 326 ; Pub. L. 96–88, title III, § 301(a)(1) , title V, § 507, Oct. 17, 1979 , 93 Stat. 677 , 692, defined terms for purposes of former subchapter IV of this chapter.

836. Section 1233a, Pub. L. 90–247, title IV, § 442 , formerly § 432, as added Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(a)(10) , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 171 ; renumbered § 442, Pub. L. 92–318, title III, § 301(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 326 ; amended Pub. L. 96–88, title III, § 301(a)(1) , (b)(2), title V, § 507, Oct. 17, 1979 , 93 Stat. 677 , 678, 692, authorized Secretary to establish necessary advisory councils.

837. Section 1233b, Pub. L. 90–247, title IV, § 443 , formerly § 433, as added Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(a)(10) , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 171 ; renumbered § 443, Pub. L. 92–318, title III, § 301(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 326 ; amended Pub. L. 93–380, title V, § 516(a) , Aug. 21, 1974 , 88 Stat. 575 ; Pub. L. 94–482, title IV, § 411 , title V, § 501(a)(10), Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2234 , 2235; Pub. L. 96–88, title III, § 301(a)(1) , title V, § 507, Oct. 17, 1979 , 93 Stat. 677 , 692, related to statutory advisory councils.

838. Section 1233c, Pub. L. 90–247, title IV, § 444 , formerly § 434, as added Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(a)(10) , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 171 ; renumbered § 444, Pub. L. 92–318, title III, § 301(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 326 ; amended Pub. L. 96–88, title III, § 301(a)(1) , title V, § 507, Oct. 17, 1979 , 93 Stat. 677 , 692, related to compensation and travel expenses of members of advisory councils.

839. Section 1233d, Pub. L. 90–247, title IV, § 445 , formerly § 435, as added Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(a)(10) , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 171 ; renumbered § 445, Pub. L. 92–318, title III, § 301(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 326 ; amended Pub. L. 93–380, title V, § 517(a) , Aug. 21, 1974 , 88 Stat. 575 ; Pub. L. 96–88, title III, § 301(a)(1) , title V, § 507, Oct. 17, 1979 , 93 Stat. 677 , 692, related to professional, technical, and clerical staff of advisory councils.

840. Section 1233e, Pub. L. 90–247, title IV, § 446 , formerly § 436, as added Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(a)(10) , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 172 ; renumbered § 446, Pub. L. 92–318, title III, § 301(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 326 ; amended Pub. L. 96–88, title III, § 301(a)(1) , title V, § 507, Oct. 17, 1979 , 93 Stat. 677 , 692, related to advisory council meetings.

841. Section 1233f, Pub. L. 90–247, title IV, § 447 , formerly § 437, as added Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(a)(10) , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 172 ; renumbered § 447, Pub. L. 92–318, title III, § 301(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 326 ; amended Pub. L. 93–380, title V, § 517(b) , Aug. 21, 1974 , 88 Stat. 575 ; Pub. L. 96–88, title III, § 301(a)(1) , title V, § 507, Oct. 17, 1979 , 93 Stat. 677 , 692, related to auditing and review of advisory council activities.

842. Section 1233g, Pub. L. 90–247, title IV, § 448 , formerly § 438, as added Pub. L. 91–230, title IV, § 401(a)(10) , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 172 ; renumbered § 448, Pub. L. 92–318, title III, § 301(a)(1) , June 23, 1972 , 86 Stat. 326 ; amended S. Res. 4, Feb. 4, 1977 ; Pub. L. 95–43, § 1(d) , June 15, 1977 , 91 Stat. 219 ; S. Res. 30, Mar. 7, 1979 ; Pub. L. 96–88, title III, § 301(a)(1) , title V, § 507, Oct. 17, 1979 , 93 Stat. 677 , 692; Pub. L. 103–437, § 7(a)(1) , Nov. 2, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4587 , related to reports by Secretary.

843. Section 1233h, Pub. L. 90–247, title IV, § 449 , as added Pub. L. 93–380, title V, § 518(a) , Aug. 21, 1974 , 88 Stat. 575 , related to application of other laws to advisory councils under former subchapter IV of this chapter.

844. §1234 — Office of Administrative Law Judges

845. § 1234a. Recovery of funds

846. § 1234b. Measure of recovery

847. § 1234c. Remedies for existing violations

848. § 1234d. Withholding

849. § 1234e. Cease and desist orders

850. § 1234f. Compliance agreements

851. § 1234g. Judicial review

852. § 1234h. Use of recovered funds

853. § 1234i. Definitions

854. §1400 — Short title; findings; purposes

855. §1401 — Definitions

856. §1402 — Office of Special Education Programs

857. §1403 — Abrogation of State sovereign immunity

858. §1404 — Acquisition of equipment; construction or alteration of facilities

859. §1405 — Employment of individuals with disabilities

860. §1406 — Requirements for prescribing regulations

861. §1407 — State administration

862. §1408 — Paperwork reduction

863. §1409 — Freely associated States

864. §1411 — Authorization; allotment; use of funds; authorization of appropriations

865. §1412 — State eligibility

866. §1413 — Local educational agency eligibility

867. §1414 — Evaluations, eligibility determinations, individualized education programs, and educational placements

868. §1414 — Section 6368(3) of this title , as such section was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015 , referred to in subsec. (b)(5)(A), means section 6368(3) of this title prior to being omitted in the general amendment of part B of subchapter I of chapter 70 of this title by Pub. L. 114–95, title I, § 1201 , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1879 .

869. §1415 — Procedural safeguards

870. §1416 — Monitoring, technical assistance, and enforcement

871. §1417 — Administration

872. §1418 — Program information

873. §1419 — Preschool grants

874. §1419 — Section 1421, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 621 , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 181 ; Pub. L. 98–199 , §§ 3(b), 10, Dec. 2, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1358 , 1363; Pub. L. 99–457, title III, § 301 , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1159 ; Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 103(b) , Nov. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3296 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title III, § 301 , title IX, § 901(b)(95)–(99), Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1117 , 1146; Pub. L. 102–119, § 25(b) , Oct. 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 607 , related to establishment and operation of regional and Federal resource centers.

875. §1419 — Section 1422, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 622 , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 182 ; Pub. L. 98–199 , §§ 3(b), 10, Dec. 2, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1358 , 1364; Pub. L. 99–457, title III, § 302 , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1160 ; Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 103(c) , Nov. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3297 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title III, § 302 , Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1118 ; Pub. L. 102–119, § 25(a)(8) , Oct. 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 606 ; Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 391(f)(3) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4023 , related to services for deaf-blind children and youth.

876. §1419 — Section 1423, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 623 , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 183 ; Pub. L. 98–199 , §§ 3(b), 10, Dec. 2, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1358 , 1365; Pub. L. 99–457, title III, § 303 , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1161 ; Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 103(d) , Nov. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3297 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title III, § 303 , title IX, § 901(b)(100)–(106), Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1121 , 1146, 1147; Pub. L. 102–119 , §§ 8, 25(a)(9), (b), Oct. 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 592 , 606, 607, related to early education for children with disabilities.

877. §1419 — Section 1424, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 624 , Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 183 ; Pub. L. 98–199 , §§ 3(b), 10, Dec. 2, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1358 , 1366; Pub. L. 99–457, title III, § 304 , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1162 ; Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 103(e) , Nov. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3297 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title III, § 304 , title IX, § 901(b)(107)–(110), Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1122 , 1147; Pub. L. 102–119, § 25(a)(10) , (b), Oct. 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 606 , 607, related to programs for children with severe disabilities.

878. §1419 — Section 1424a, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 625 , as added Pub. L. 93–380, title VI, § 616 , Aug. 21, 1974 , 88 Stat. 584 ; amended Pub. L. 98–199 , §§ 3(b), 10, Dec. 2, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1358 , 1367; Pub. L. 99–457, title III, § 305 , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1162 ; Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 103(f) , Nov. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3297 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title III, § 305 , title IX, § 901(b)(111)–(118), Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1123 , 1147; Pub. L. 102–119, § 25(b) , Oct. 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 607 ; Pub. L. 102–421, title II, § 201(a) , Oct. 16, 1992 , 106 Stat. 2164 , related to programs of postsecondary, vocational, technical, continuing, or adult education for individuals with disabilities.

879. §1419 — Section 1425, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 626 , formerly § 625, Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 183 , renumbered § 626, Pub. L. 93–380, title VI, § 616 , Aug. 21, 1974 , 88 Stat. 584 ; amended Pub. L. 98–199 , §§ 3(b), 10, Dec. 2, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1358 , 1367; Pub. L. 99–457, title III, § 306 , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1163 ; Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 103(g) , Nov. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3298 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title III, § 306 , title IX, § 901(b)(119)–(127), Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1124 , 1147, 1148; Pub. L. 102–119, § 25(a)(11) , (b), Oct. 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 606 , 607, related to secondary education and transitional services for youth with disabilities.

880. §1419 — Section 1426, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 627 , formerly § 626, Apr. 13, 1970 , 84 Stat. 184 , renumbered § 627 and amended Pub. L. 93–380, title VI , §§ 616, 617, Aug. 21, 1974 , 88 Stat. 584 ; Pub. L. 95–49, § 2 , June 17, 1977 , 91 Stat. 230 ; Pub. L. 98–199, § 10 , Dec. 2, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1368 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title III, § 307 , Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1127 , related to programs for children and youth with serious emotional disturbance.

881. §1419 — Section 1427, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 628 , as added Pub. L. 98–199, § 10 , Dec. 2, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1368 ; amended Pub. L. 99–457, title III, § 307 , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1165 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title III, § 308 , Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1128 , authorized appropriations.

882. §1431 — Findings and policy

883. §1432 — Definitions

884. §1433 — General authority

885. §1434 — Eligibility

886. §1435 — Requirements for statewide system

887. §1436 — Individualized family service plan

888. §1437 — State application and assurances

889. §1438 — Uses of funds

890. §1439 — Procedural safeguards

891. §1440 — Payor of last resort

892. §1441 — State interagency coordinating council

893. §1442 — Federal administration

894. §1443 — Allocation of funds

895. §1444 — Authorization of appropriations

896. §1450 — Findings

897. §1451 — Purpose; definition of personnel; program authority

898. §1452 — Eligibility and collaborative process

899. §1453 — Applications

900. §1454 — Section 6613(c)(18) of this title (as such section was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(10), means section 6613(c)(18) of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–95, title II, § 2002 , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1913 . Section 2002 of Pub. L. 114–95 enacted a new section 6613 of this title .

901. §1454 — Section 7801 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(B), was in the original “section 8101 of such Act”, which was translated as meaning section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

902. §1454 — Use of funds

903. §1455 — Authorization of appropriations

904. §1461 — Purpose; definition of eligible entity

905. §1462 — Personnel development to improve services and results for children with disabilities

906. §1463 — Technical assistance, demonstration projects, dissemination of information, and implementation of scientifically based research

907. §1464 — Studies and evaluations

908. §1465 — Interim alternative educational settings, behavioral supports, and systemic school interventions

909. §1466 — Authorization of appropriations

910. §1470 — Purposes

911. §1471 — Parent training and information centers

912. §1472 — Community parent resource centers

913. §1473 — Technical assistance for parent training and information centers

914. §1474 — Section 121(d) of title 17 , referred to in subsec. (e)(3)(D), was amended by Pub. L. 115–261, § 2(a)(1)(D) , Oct. 9, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3667 , and no longer defines the term “specialized formats”.

915. §1474 — Technology development, demonstration, and utilization; media services; and instructional materials

916. §1475 — Authorization of appropriations

917. §1475 — Section 1475, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 675 , as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a) , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1147 ; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(c) , Nov. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3301 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(165) , Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1150 ; Pub. L. 102–52, § 10 , June 6, 1991 , 105 Stat. 263 ; Pub. L. 102–119 , §§ 19(c), 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 601 , 607, related to continuing eligibility.

918. §1475 — Section 1476, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 675 , as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a) , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1147 ; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(c) , Nov. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3301 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(165) , Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1150 ; Pub. L. 102–52, § 10 , June 6, 1991 , 105 Stat. 263 ; Pub. L. 102–119 , §§ 19(c), 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 601 , 607, related to the minimum components for a statewide system providing early intervention services to infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families.

919. §1475 — Section 1477, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 677 , as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a) , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1149 ; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(f) , Nov. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3301 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(174) –(176), Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1150 ; Pub. L. 102–119 , §§ 14, 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 597 , 607, related to the individualized family service plan.

920. §1475 — Section 1478, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 678 , as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a) , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1150 ; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(g) , Nov. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3302 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(177) , Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1150 ; Pub. L. 102–119 , §§ 15, 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 597 , 607, related to contents of State application, statement of assurances, and approval process.

921. §1475 — Section 1479, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 679 , as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a) , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1151 ; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(h) , Nov. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3302 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(178) , Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1150 ; Pub. L. 102–119 , §§ 16, 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 598 , 607, related to permissible uses of funds.

922. §1475 — Section 1480, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 680 , as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a) , Oct. 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1152 ; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(i) , Nov. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3302 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(179) , (180), Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1150 ; Pub. L. 102–119 , §§ 17, 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991 , 105 Stat. 598 , 607, related to procedural safeguards.

923. §1481 — Comprehensive plan for parts B and C

924. §1481 — Section 9567b(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was in the original “section 178(c) of the Education Sciences Reform Act of 2002”, meaning section 178(c) of Pub. L. 107–279 , which was translated as reading section 177(c) of Pub. L. 107–279 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because Pub. L. 107–279 does not contain a section 178 and section 177(c) of that Act requires development of a plan.

925. §1482 — Administrative provisions

926. §1482 — Section 1491 l , Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 713 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3954 , related to program evaluation by Secretary.

927. §1482 — Section 1491 o , Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 716 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3955 , related to authorization of appropriations.

928. §1482 — Section 1491, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 701 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3937 , provided that former subchapter IX of this chapter could be cited as the “Families of Children With Disabilities Support Act of 1994”.

929. §1482 — Section 1491a, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 702 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3937 , related to findings, purposes, and policy.

930. §1482 — Section 1491b, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 703 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3939 , related to definitions.

931. §1482 — Section 1491c, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 704 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3943 , related to grants to States.

932. §1482 — Section 1491d, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 705 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3944 , related to information and assurances required in application for grant.

933. §1482 — Section 1491e, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 706 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3946 , related to designation of lead entity by State desiring to receive grant.

934. §1482 — Section 1491f, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 707 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3946 , related to designation or establishment by State of a State Policy Council for Families of Children with Disabilities and its composition, functions, etc.

935. §1482 — Section 1491g, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 708 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3949 , related to activities authorized for use of grant funds.

936. §1482 — Section 1491h, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 709 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3951 , related to creation and submission of strategic plan by lead entity of State in conjunction with State Policy Council.

937. §1482 — Section 1491i, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 710 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3952 , related to progress criteria and reports.

938. §1482 — Section 1491j, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 711 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3952 , related to administrative provisions.

939. §1482 — Section 1491k, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 712 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3953 , related to technical assistance.

940. §1482 — Section 1491m, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 714 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3955 , related to projects of national significance.

941. §1482 — Section 1491n, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 715 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 315 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3955 , related to construction of provisions of subchapters I through VIII of this chapter as being inapplicable to subchapter IX of this chapter.

942. §1651 — Prohibition against assignment or transportation of students to overcome racial imbalance

943. §1654 — Intervention authorization in implementation of court orders

944. §1655 — Uniform rules of evidence of racial discrimination

945. §1656 — Prohibition against official or court orders to achieve racial balance or insure compliance with constitutional standards applicable to entire United States

946. §1681 — Sex

947. §1682 — Federal administrative enforcement; report to Congressional committees

948. §1683 — Judicial review

949. §1684 — Blindness or visual impairment; prohibition against discrimination

950. §1685 — Authority under other laws unaffected

951. §1686 — Interpretation with respect to living facilities

952. §1687 — Interpretation of “program or activity”

953. §1688 — Neutrality with respect to abortion

954. §1689 — Section 7801 of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(3), was in the original “section 9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 7801 )”, and was translated as if it had been a reference to section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 9101 of the Act as 8101 by Pub. L. 114–95, § 8001(a)(1) .

955. §1689 — Task Force on Sexual Violence in Education

956. §1701 — Congressional declaration of policy

957. §1702 — Congressional findings

958. §1703 — Denial of equal educational opportunity prohibited No State shall deny equal educational opportunity to an individual on account of his or her race, color, sex, or national origin, by-

959. §1704 — Balance not required

960. §1705 — Assignment on neighborhood basis not a denial of equal educational opportunity

961. §1706 — Civil actions by individuals denied equal educational opportunities or by Attorney General

962. §1707 — Population changes without effect, per se, on school population changes

963. §1708 — Jurisdiction of district courts

964. §1709 — Intervention by Attorney General

965. §1710 — Civil actions by Attorney General; notice of violations; certification respecting undertaking appropriate remedial action

966. §1712 — Formulating remedies; applicability In formulating a remedy for a denial of equal educational opportunity or a denial of the equal protection of the laws, a court, department, or agency of the United States shall seek or impose only such remedies as are essential to correct particular denials of equal educational opportunity or equal protection of the laws. ( Pub. L. 93–380, title II, §213, Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 516 .)

967. §1713 — Priority of remedies

968. §1714 — Transportation of students

969. §1715 — District lines

970. §1716 — Voluntary adoption of remedies

971. §1717 — Reopening proceedings

972. §1718 — Limitation on court orders; termination of orders conditioned upon compliance with fifth and fourteenth amendments; statement of basis for termination orders; stay of termination orders

973. §1720 — Definitions

974. §1720 — Section 801 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), is section 801, title VIII, of Pub. L. 89–10 , which was formerly classified to section 881 of this title . Section 801 of that Act was renumbered section 1001 of title X by Pub. L. 95–561, title VIII, § 801(1) , (2), Nov. 1, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2284 , and was reclassified to section 3381 of this title . Section 1001 was subsequently renumbered section 8001 and amended generally by Pub. L. 100–297, title I, § 1002 , Apr. 28, 1988 , 102 Stat. 293 , and, as so amended, did not contain subsections or specific definitions. Section 8001 was subsequently omitted in the general amendment of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3519 . For definitions, see section 7801 of this title .

975. §1721 — Separability

976. §1751 — Prohibition against assignment or transportation of students to overcome racial imbalance

977. §1752 — Appeals from Federal district court transfer or transportation orders affecting school attendance areas and achieving balancing of students; postponement of Federal court orders pending exercise of appellate remedy; expiration of section

978. §1753 — Uniform rules of evidence requirement

979. §1754 — Provisions respecting transportation of pupils to achieve racial balance and judicial power to insure compliance with constitutional standards applicable to the entire United States

980. §1755 — Additional priority of remedies after finding of de jure segregation

981. §1756 — Remedies with respect to school district lines

982. §1757 — Prohibition of forced busing during school year

983. §1758 — Reasonable time for developing voluntary school desegregation plans following detailed notice of violations

984. §1865 — Transferred

985. §2001 — Congressional statement of findings

986. §2002 — Definitions

987. §2003 — Other Federal memorials prohibited

988. §2004 — Harry S Truman Scholarship Foundation

989. §2005 — Truman scholars

990. §2006 — Selection of scholars

991. §2007 — Stipends

992. §2008 — Scholarship conditions

993. §2009 — Harry S Truman Memorial Scholarship Trust Fund

994. § 2009a. Investment of amounts appropriated and contributed to Harry S Truman Memorial Scholarship Trust Fund

995. § 2009b. Payment to Trust Fund; Board requests binding on Secretary

996. §2010 — Expenditures and audit of Trust Fund

997. §2011 — Executive Secretary of Foundation

998. §2012 — Administrative provisions

999. §2013 — Authorization of appropriations

1000. §2101 — Congressional declaration of findings and purpose

1001. §2102 — Definitions

1002. §2103 — American Folklife Center

1003. §2104 — Functions of Center

1004. §2105 — Limitations on contracts

1005. §2106 — Administration

1006. §2107 — Authorization of appropriations

1007. §2141 — Findings; purpose

1008. §2142 — Establishment of program at American Folklife Center to collect video and audio recordings of histories of veterans

1009. §2143 — Private support

1010. §2144 — Authorization of appropriations

1011. §2301 — Purpose

1012. §2302 — Definitions

1013. §2303 — Transition provisions

1014. §2304 — Privacy

1015. §2305 — Limitation

1016. §2306 — Special rule

1017. § 2306a. Prohibitions

1018. §2307 — Authorization of appropriations

1019. §2308 — Interdepartmental Task Force on Vocational Education and Related Programs

1020. §2308 — Section 2311, Pub. L. 88–210, title I, § 101 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2438 ; amended Pub. L. 99–159, title VII, § 701 , Nov. 22, 1985 , 99 Stat. 904 ; Pub. L. 99–357 , July 8, 1986 , 100 Stat. 761 ; Pub. L. 101–392, title I, § 101(a) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 759 , related to allotments to States. See section 2321 of this title .

1021. §2308 — Section 2311a, Pub. L. 88–210, title I, § 101A , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title I, § 101(b) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 760 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 3 , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2487 ; Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 369 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3976 , related to grants to the territories. See section 2325 of this title .

1022. §2308 — Section 2312, Pub. L. 88–210, title I, § 102 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2440 ; amended Pub. L. 99–159, title VII, § 702 , Nov. 22, 1985 , 99 Stat. 904 ; Pub. L. 101–392, title I, § 102 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 761 ; Pub. L. 102–103, title III, § 311(a) , Aug. 17, 1991 , 105 Stat. 505 , related to within State allocations. See section 2322 of this title .

1023. §2308 — Section 2313, Pub. L. 88–210, title I, § 103 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2440 ; amended Pub. L. 101–392, title I, § 103 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 762 ; Pub. L. 102–103, title III, § 311(b) , Aug. 17, 1991 , 105 Stat. 505 , related to Indian and Hawaiian natives programs.

1024. §2321 — Reservations and State allotment

1025. §2322 — Within State allocation

1026. §2323 — Accountability

1027. §2324 — National activities

1028. §2325 — Assistance for the outlying areas

1029. §2326 — Native American programs

1030. §2327 — Tribally controlled postsecondary career and technical institutions

1031. §2341 — Section 2341, Pub. L. 88–210, title II, § 231 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title II, § 201 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 779 ; amended Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 391(s)(4) , (5), Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4025 ; Pub. L. 104–193, title I, § 110(i)(1) , Aug. 22, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2172 , related to distribution of funds to secondary school programs. See section 2351 of this title .

1032. §2341 — Section 2341a, Pub. L. 88–210, title II, § 232 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title II, § 201 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 781 ; amended Pub. L. 103–208, § 4 , Dec. 20, 1993 , 107 Stat. 2487 ; Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 351(a)(1) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3966 ; Pub. L. 104–193, title I, § 110(i)(2) , Aug. 22, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2172 , related to distribution of funds to postsecondary and adult programs. See section 2352 of this title .

1033. §2341 — Section 2341b, Pub. L. 88–210, title II, § 233 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title II, § 201 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 782 , related to special rule for minimal allocations. See section 2353 of this title .

1034. §2341 — Section 2341c, Pub. L. 88–210, title II, § 234 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title II, § 201 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 783 , related to reallocations. See section 2353 of this title .

1035. §2341 — State administration

1036. §2342 — State plan

1037. §2343 — Improvement plans

1038. §2344 — State leadership activities

1039. §2351 — Distribution of funds to secondary education programs

1040. §2352 — Distribution of funds for postsecondary education programs

1041. §2353 — Special rules for career and technical education

1042. §2354 — Local application for career and technical education programs

1043. §2355 — Local uses of funds

1044. §2355 — Section 2361, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 311 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2458 ; amended Pub. L. 99–159, title VII, § 706(b) , Nov. 22, 1985 , 99 Stat. 906 ; Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 302 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 786 , related to consumer and homemaking education grants.

1045. §2355 — Section 2362, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 312 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2458 ; amended Pub. L. 99–159, title VII, § 706(c) , Nov. 22, 1985 , 99 Stat. 906 ; Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 303 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 786 , related to use of funds from consumer and homemaking education grants.

1046. §2355 — Section 2363, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 313 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2459 ; amended Pub. L. 99–159, title VII, § 707 , Nov. 22, 1985 , 99 Stat. 906 ; Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 304 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 786 , related to information dissemination and leadership.

1047. §2391 — Fiscal requirements

1048. §2392 — Authority to make payments

1049. §2393 — Construction

1050. §2394 — Section 2394, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 342 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 308 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 789 , stated findings and purpose of Congress.

1051. §2394 — Section 2394a, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 343 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 308 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 789 ; amended Pub. L. 102–103, title III, § 315 , Aug. 17, 1991 , 105 Stat. 508 , authorized grants for tech-prep education programs.

1052. §2394 — Section 2394b, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 344 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 308 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 790 ; amended Pub. L. 103–239, title VII, § 711(a) , May 4, 1994 , 108 Stat. 606 , related to use of grant funds.

1053. §2394 — Section 2394c, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 345 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 308 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 791 ; amended Pub. L. 103–239, title VII, § 711(b) , May 4, 1994 , 108 Stat. 606 , related to applications for grants.

1054. §2394 — Section 2394d, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 346 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 308 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 792 , related to reports.

1055. §2394 — Section 2394e, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 347 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 308 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 792 ; amended Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 102(a)(6)(E) , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1618 , defined terms for purposes of tech-prep education grant program.

1056. §2394 — Voluntary selection and participation

1057. §2395 — Limitation for certain students

1058. §2395 — Section 2395, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 351 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 309 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 792 , stated purpose of supplementary State grant program.

1059. §2395 — Section 2395a, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 352 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 309 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 793 , related to allotment to States.

1060. §2395 — Section 2395b, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 353 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 309 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 793 , related to allocations to local educational agencies.

1061. §2395 — Section 2395c, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 354 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 309 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 793 , related to use of grant funds.

1062. §2395 — Section 2395d, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 355 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 309 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 793 , related to State applications for grants.

1063. §2395 — Section 2395e, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 356 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 309 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 794 , related to local applications for grants.

1064. §2396 — Federal laws guaranteeing civil rights

1065. §2396 — Section 2396, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 362 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 310 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 794 , stated purpose of community education employment centers and vocational education lighthouse schools program.

1066. §2396 — Section 2396a, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 363 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 310 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 794 , authorized grants to establish and operate community education employment centers.

1067. §2396 — Section 2396b, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 364 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 310 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 794 , related to program requirements.

1068. §2396 — Section 2396c, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 365 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 310 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 795 , related to support services requirements.

1069. §2396 — Section 2396d, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 366 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 310 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 796 , related to parental and community participation.

1070. §2396 — Section 2396e, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 367 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 310 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 797 , related to employment and training of professional staff.

1071. §2396 — Section 2396f, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 368 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 310 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 797 , related to eligibility for grants.

1072. §2396 — Section 2396g, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 369 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 310 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 797 , related to applications to participate in grant program.

1073. §2396 — Section 2396h, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 370 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 310 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 798 ; amended Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1041(d) , Dec. 21, 1995 , 109 Stat. 714 , related to evaluation of student learning progress.

1074. §2396 — Section 2396i, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 371 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 310 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 798 , defined terms “eligible recipient” and “parent”.

1075. §2396 — Section 2396m, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 375 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 310 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 798 , authorized grants to establish and operate vocational education lighthouse schools.

1076. §2397 — Participation of private school personnel and children

1077. §2397 — Section 2397, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 382 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 311 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 800 , stated purpose of program to assist tribally controlled postsecondary vocational institutions.

1078. §2397 — Section 2397a, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 383 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 311 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 800 , authorized grants to tribally controlled postsecondary vocational institutions.

1079. §2397 — Section 2397b, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 384 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 311 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 800 , related to eligible grant recipients.

1080. §2397 — Section 2397c, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 385 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 311 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 800 , related to applications for grants, consultation, and use of grants.

1081. §2397 — Section 2397d, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 386 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 311 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 801 , related to amount of grants.

1082. §2397 — Section 2397e, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 387 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 311 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 802 , related to effect of grant receipt on eligibility under other programs.

1083. §2397 — Section 2397f, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 388 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 311 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 802 , related to grant adjustments.

1084. §2397 — Section 2397g, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 389 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 311 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 803 , related to report on facilities and facilities improvement.

1085. §2397 — Section 2397h, Pub. L. 88–210, title III, § 390 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title III, § 311 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 803 , defined terms for purposes of tribally controlled postsecondary vocational institutions grant program.

1086. §2398 — Limitation on Federal regulations

1087. §2399 — Section 2401, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 401 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2466 ; amended Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 402 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 806 , related to research objectives.

1088. §2399 — Section 2402, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 402 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2466 ; amended Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 403 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 806 , related to research activities.

1089. §2399 — Section 2403, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 403 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2467 ; amended Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 404 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 807 , related to national assessment of vocational education programs.

1090. §2399 — Section 2404, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 404 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2468 ; amended Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 405 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 809 ; Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 351(a)(2) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3966 , related to National Center or Centers for Research in Vocational Education.

1091. §2399 — Study on programs of study aligned to high-skill, high-wage occupations

1092. §2411 — Joint funding

1093. §2412 — Prohibition on use of funds to induce out-of-State relocation of businesses

1094. §2413 — State administrative costs

1095. §2414 — Section 2415, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 415 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 406(a) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 817 , related to Blue Ribbon Vocational Education Programs.

1096. §2414 — Section 2416, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 416 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 406(a) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 818 , related to development of business and education standards.

1097. §2414 — Section 2417, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 417 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 406(a) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 818 , related to educational programs for Federal correctional institutions.

1098. §2414 — Section 2418, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 418 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 406(a) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 819 , related to dropout prevention.

1099. §2414 — Section 2419, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 419 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 406(a) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 819 , related to model programs of regional training for skilled trades.

1100. §2414 — Section 2420, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 420 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 406(a) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 820 ; amended Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 391(s)(6) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4025 , related to demonstration projects for integration of vocational and academic learning.

1101. §2414 — Section 2420a, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 420A , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 406(a) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 820 , related to cooperative demonstration programs.

1102. §2414 — Section 2421, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 421 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2472 ; amended Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 407 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 822 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(a)(2) , Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1142 ; Pub. L. 103–227, title X, § 1021 , Mar. 31, 1994 , 108 Stat. 269 , authorized vocational education and occupational information data systems.

1103. §2414 — Section 2422, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 422 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2473 ; amended Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 408 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 825 ; Pub. L. 103–227, title IX, § 991 , Mar. 31, 1994 , 108 Stat. 264 , related to National Occupational Information Coordinating Committee.

1104. §2414 — Section 2423, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 423 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2474 ; amended Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 409 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 827 , related to information base for vocational education data system.

1105. §2414 — Section 2424, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 424 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 410 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 829 , related to collection of information at reasonable cost and cooperation of States.

1106. §2414 — Section 2441, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 441 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2477 ; amended Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1041(h) , Dec. 21, 1995 , 109 Stat. 715 , authorized grants for bilingual vocational training.

1107. §2414 — Section 2451, Pub. L. 88–210, title IV, § 451 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2479 ; amended Pub. L. 101–392, title IV, § 412 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 829 , related to distribution of assistance.

1108. §2414 — Section 2461, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 501 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2479 , related to Federal payments to States.

1109. §2414 — Section 2464, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 504 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2480 ; amended Pub. L. 99–159, title VII, § 713(a)(3) , Nov. 22, 1985 , 99 Stat. 907 , related to withholding of payments and judicial review of such action.

1110. §2414 — Section 2465, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 505 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2482 , required States to conduct biennial audits.

1111. §2414 — Section 2466, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 503 , formerly § 506, as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2482 ; renumbered § 503, Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 501(a)(2) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 830 , related to authority to make payments. See section 2392 of this title .

1112. §2414 — Section 2466a, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 504 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 501(c)(2) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 830 ; amended Pub. L. 103–382, title II, § 261(i)(1) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3929 , related to regional meetings and negotiated rulemaking.

1113. §2414 — Section 2466b, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 505 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 501(c)(2) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 831 , contained requirements relating to reports, plans, and regulations.

1114. §2414 — Section 2466c, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 506 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 501(c)(2) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 831 , provided for consistency of this chapter with Federal laws guaranteeing civil rights.

1115. §2414 — Section 2466d, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 507 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 501(c)(2) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 831 , related to student assistance and other Federal programs.

1116. §2414 — Section 2466e, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 508 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 501(c)(2) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 831 , related to Federal monitoring of compliance with this chapter.

1117. §2414 — Section 2468, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 511 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 501(c)(2) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 832 , related to use of funds for joint funding of programs.

1118. §2414 — Section 2468a, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 512 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 501(c)(2) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 832 , related to review of regulations.

1119. §2414 — Section 2468b, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 513 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 501(c)(2) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 833 , related to identification of State-imposed requirements.

1120. §2414 — Section 2468c, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 514 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 501(c)(2) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 833 , prohibited use of funds to induce out-of-State relocation of businesses. See section 2412 of this title .

1121. §2414 — Section 2468d, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 515 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 501(c)(2) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 833 , related to State administrative costs. See section 2413 of this title .

1122. §2414 — Section 2468e, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 516 , as added Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 501(c)(2) , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 833 , contained additional administrative provisions.

1123. §2414 — Section 2471, Pub. L. 88–210, title V, § 521 , as added Pub. L. 98–524, § 1 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2482 ; amended Pub. L. 99–159, title VII, § 713(a)(4) , Nov. 22, 1985 , 99 Stat. 907 ; Pub. L. 101–392, title V, § 502 , Sept. 25, 1990 , 104 Stat. 834 ; Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 391(s)(7) , (8), Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4025 ; Pub. L. 104–193, title I, § 110(i)(3) , Aug. 22, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2172 , defined terms for purposes of this chapter.

1124. §2414 — Student assistance and other Federal programs

1125. §2501 — Statement of purpose

1126. §2502 — Funding requirements

1127. §2502 — Section 1226a of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original a reference to section 414 of the General Education Provisions Act. Section 414 of that Act was renumbered as section 422 by Pub. L. 103–382, title II, § 212(b)(1) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3913 , and is classified to section 1226a of this title .

1128. §2503 — Administration by Office of Career Education

1129. §2503 — Section 2612a of this title , referred to in text, has been omitted from the Code.

1130. §2504 — Prerequisites for State participation

1131. §2505 — Grants or contracts

1132. §2506 — Functions of National Advisory Council for Career Education

1133. §2506 — Section 2612a of this title , referred to in text, has been omitted from the Code.

1134. §2531 — Congressional findings

1135. §2532 — Authorization of appropriations

1136. §2532 — Title IV of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), which was formerly classified to subchapter I (§ 1801 et seq.) of chapter 40 of this title, was amended generally by Pub. L. 95–561, title IV, § 401 , Nov. 1, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2229 , and reclassified to subchapter IV (§ 3081 et seq.) of chapter 47 of this title prior to its repeal by Pub. L. 97–35, title V, § 587(a)(1) , Aug. 13, 1981 , 95 Stat. 480 . Section 401(a) and part B of title IV of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 were classified to section 3081(a) and sections 3101 and 3102, respectively, of this title prior to their repeal by section 587(a)(1) of Pub. L. 97–35 .

1137. §2533 — Administration by unit in Department of Education

1138. §2534 — Contracts and grants to States, educational agencies, etc.

1139. §2564 — Departmental day care center facilities; establishment; fees and charges; equipment and operation by appropriated funds

1140. §2565 — Wayne Morse Chair of Law and Politics

1141. §2566 — Hubert H. Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs; grants for development

1142. §2567 — Everett McKinley Dirksen Congressional Leadership Research Center; grants for development

1143. §2568 — Payments to Humphrey Institute and Dirksen Center; procedures applicable

1144. §2569 — Authorization of appropriations for Humphrey Institute and Dirksen Center

1145. §2993 — Transferred

1146. §3225 — Transferred

1147. §3401 — Congressional findings

1148. §3402 — Congressional declaration of purpose

1149. §3403 — Relationship with States

1150. §3404 — Definitions

1151. §3411 — Establishment of Department; appointment of Secretary

1152. §3411 — Sec. 2. White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity Through Hispanic-Serving Institutions . (a) In furtherance of the policy set forth in section 1 of this order, there is established within the Department of Education (Department) the White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity Through Hispanic-Serving Institutions (Initiative), of which the Secretary of Education (Secretary) shall serve as Chair. The Secretary shall designate an Executive Director for the Initiative (Executive Director). The Executive Director shall manage the day-to-day operations of the Initiative, in consultation with the Assistant to the President and Director of the White House Office of Public Engagement, as appropriate, and coordinate with senior officials in the Executive Office of the President, who shall lend their expertise and advice to the Initiative.

1153. §3411 — Sec. 2. White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Black Americans . (a) To advance equity in our Nation’s schools and to promote the economic opportunity that follows it, there is established in the Department of Education (Department) the White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Black Americans (Initiative), of which the Secretary of Education (Secretary) shall serve as Chair. The Secretary shall designate an Executive Director for the Initiative (Executive Director).

1154. §3411 — Sec. 2. White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Hispanics.

1155. §3411 — Sec. 3. Presidential Advisory Commission . (a) There is established in the Department a Presidential Advisory Commission on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Black Americans (Commission).

1156. §3411 — Sec. 3. Presidential Advisory Commission . (a) There is established in the Department a Presidential Advisory Commission on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Hispanics (Commission).

1157. §3411 — Sec. 3. President’s Board of Advisors on Hispanic-Serving Institutions . (a) In furtherance of the policy described in section 1 of this order, there is established within the Department the President’s Board of Advisors on Hispanic-Serving Institutions (Board).

1158. §3411 — Sec. 4. Administrative Provisions . (a) This order supersedes Executive Order 13621 of July 26, 2012 (White House Initiative on Educational Excellence for African Americans) [formerly set out above], which is hereby revoked. To the extent that there are other Executive Orders that may conflict with or overlap with the provisions in this order, the provisions in this order supersede those other Executive Orders on these subjects.

1159. §3411 — Sec. 4. Administrative Provisions . (a) This order supersedes Executive Order 13935 of July 9, 2020 (White House Hispanic Prosperity Initiative) [formerly set out above], which is hereby revoked. To the extent that there are other Executive Orders that may conflict with or overlap with the provisions in this order, the provisions in this order supersede those other Executive Orders on these subjects.

1160. §3411 — Sec. 5. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1161. §3411 — Sec. 5. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1162. §3411 — Section 1. Policy . Educational opportunity is a fundamental element of the American promise. The United States Supreme Court recognized in 1954 in Brown v. Board of Education that education “is a right which must be made available to all on equal terms.” In the decades since, our Nation has made progress in advancing equality and fairness in our schools, and the achievements, talents, and tenacity of Black students, educators, families, and scholars make our Nation’s schools and communities stronger for all Americans. Black students are thriving in schools across the country, inside the classroom—as valedictorians and award-winning scientists—and outside of it, including in debate, athletics, student government, and national spelling bees, among many other areas.

1163. §3411 — Section 1. Policy . Hispanic-Serving Institutions have a history of expanding educational opportunities for generations of Hispanic and Latino students. As defined in section 502(a)(5) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)(5) ), HSIs are institutions of higher education that have an enrollment of at least 25 percent Hispanic undergraduate full-time-equivalent students and satisfy other criteria, including with respect to enrollment of needy students and expenditures per full-time-equivalent undergraduate student.

1164. §3411 — Section 1. Policy . Nearly 14 million students in our Nation’s public elementary and secondary school system and nearly 4 million students in post-secondary education are Hispanic. Hispanic students constitute more than 27 percent of all pre-kindergarten through 12th grade students and nearly 20 percent of college students. The Nation’s future prosperity and global leadership across industries is therefore tied to the success of Hispanic and Latino students, and their success is a priority of my Administration.

1165. §3412 — Principal officers

1166. §3413 — Office for Civil Rights

1167. §3414 — Office of Elementary and Secondary Education; inclusion of Office of Migrant Education

1168. §3415 — Office of Postsecondary Education

1169. §3416 — Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education

1170. §3417 — Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services

1171. §3419 — Institute of Education Sciences

1172. §3420 — Office of English Language Acquisition, Language Enhancement, and Academic Achievement for Limited English Proficient Students

1173. §3421 — Office of General Counsel

1174. §3422 — Office of Inspector General

1175. § 3423a. Office of Correctional Education

1176. § 3423b. Office of Non-Public Education

1177. § 3423c. Office of Indian Education

1178. § 3423d. Office of English Language Acquisition, Language Enhancement, and Academic Achievement for Limited English Proficient Students

1179. §3424 — Federal Interagency Committee on Education

1180. §3425 — Office of Educational Technology

1181. §3425 — Section 5862 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(3), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 361(a) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3974 .

1182. §3426 — Liaison for Proprietary Institutions of Higher Education

1183. §3427 — Coordinator for the outlying areas

1184. §3441 — Transfers from Department of Health, Education, and Welfare

1185. §3443 — Section 601 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 601 of Pub. L. 96–88 , which is set out as an Effective Date note under section 3401 of this title .

1186. §3443 — Transfers from Department of Labor

1187. §3444 — Transfer of programs from National Science Foundation

1188. §3445 — Section 406 of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, referred to in text, is section 406 of title I of Pub. L. 90–351 , June 19, 1968 , 82 Stat. 204 , which was classified to section 3746 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare. Title I of the Act was amended generally by Pub. L. 96–157, § 2 , Dec. 27, 1979 , 93 Stat. 1167 , and provisions formerly contained in section 406 of the Act were contained in section 705 of part G of title I of the Act, which was classified to section 3775 of Title 42 . Subsequently, part G of title I of the Act was amended generally by Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609A(a) , Oct. 12, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2090 , and, as so amended, did not contain a section 705 or similar provisions.

1189. §3445 — Transfers from Department of Justice

1190. §3446 — Transfers from Department of Housing and Urban Development

1191. §3447 — Effect of transfers

1192. §3461 — Officers and employees

1193. §3461 — Section 414(a)(3)(A) of the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is section 414(a)(3)(A) of Pub. L. 95–454 , title IV, Oct. 13, 1978 , 92 Stat. 1178 , which is set out as a note under sections 3104 and 5108 of Title 5.

1194. §3462 — Experts and consultants

1195. §3463 — Personnel reduction and annual limitations

1196. §3471 — General authority

1197. §3472 — Delegation of functions

1198. §3473 — Reorganization of Department

1199. §3474 — Rules and regulations

1200. §3475 — Contracts

1201. §3476 — Regional and field offices

1202. §3477 — Acquisition and maintenance of property

1203. §3478 — Facilities at remote locations

1204. §3479 — Use of facilities

1205. §3480 — Copyrights and patents

1206. §3481 — Gifts and bequests

1207. §3482 — Technical advice

1208. §3483 — Working capital fund

1209. § 3483a. Department of Education Nonrecurring Expenses Fund

1210. §3484 — Funds transfer

1211. §3485 — Seal of Department

1212. §3486 — Annual report

1213. §3488 — Authorization of appropriations

1214. §3489 — General extension of authorizations

1215. §3490 — Potential financial interests or impaired objectivity of covered individuals or entities

1216. §3501 — Transfer and allocation of appropriations and personnel

1217. §3502 — Effect on personnel

1218. §3503 — Agency terminations

1219. §3504 — Incidental transfers

1220. §3505 — Savings provisions

1221. §3506 — Separability

1222. §3507 — Existing references to transferor officials or bodies deemed references to transferee officials or bodies

1223. §3508 — Department of Health and Human Services

1224. §3509 — Coordination of programs for handicapped

1225. §3510 — Transitional provisions

1226. §3601 — Congressional statement of findings and purposes

1227. §3601 — Section 1221 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was amended generally by Pub. L. 103–382, title II, § 211 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3912 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (c)(1)(A). However, the term “applicable program” is defined in subsec. (c)(1) of that section.

1228. §3602 — Asbestos Hazards School Safety Task Force

1229. §3603 — Section 1221 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was amended generally by Pub. L. 103–382, title II, § 211 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3912 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (c)(1)(A). However, the term “applicable program” is defined in subsec. (c)(1) of that section.

1230. §3603 — State plan

1231. §3604 — Asbestos hazards detection program

1232. §3605 — Asbestos Hazards Control Loan Program

1233. §3606 — Standards and safety procedures

1234. §3607 — Recovery of costs by United States

1235. §3608 — Employee protection

1236. §3609 — Retained rights

1237. §3610 — Definitions

1238. §3610 — Section 198 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in pars. (4)(A), (5)(A), and (9), is section 198 of Pub. L. 89–10 , title I, as added by Pub. L. 95–561, title I, § 101(a) , Nov. 1, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2198 , which was classified to section 2854 of this title prior to the general amendment of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 100–297 , Apr. 28, 1988 , 102 Stat. 140 . For definitions, see section 7801 of this title .

1239. §3611 — Authorization of appropriations

1240. §3611 — Section 1226a of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original a reference to section 414 of the General Education Provisions Act. Section 414 of that Act was renumbered as section 422 by Pub. L. 103–382, title II, § 212(b)(1) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3913 , and is classified to section 1226a of this title .

1241. §3701 — National Afro-American History and Culture Commission

1242. §3702 — Organization of Commission

1243. §3901 — Part A of title III of Pub. L. 98–377 , as amended, which enacted part A of subchapter III of this chapter, is known as “Partnerships in Education for Mathematics, Science, and Engineering Act”, see note set out under section 3981 of this title .

1244. §3901 — Section 1. Policy . A key priority of my Administration is to better equip America’s young people with the relevant knowledge and skills that will enable them to secure high-paying, stable jobs throughout their careers. With the growing role of technology in driving the American economy, many jobs increasingly require skills in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)—including, in particular, Computer Science. These skills open the door to jobs, strengthening the backbone of American ingenuity, driving solutions to complex problems across industries, and improving lives around the world. As part of my Administration’s commitment to supporting American workers and increasing economic growth and prosperity, it is critical that we educate and train our future workforce to compete and excel in lucrative and important STEM fields.

1245. §3901 — Statement of purpose

1246. §3901 — Title IX of Pub. L. 98–377 , which enacted subchapter IX of this chapter, is known as the “Star Schools Program Assistance Act”, see note set out under section 4081 of this title .

1247. §3901 — Title V of Pub. L. 98–377 , which enacted subchapter V of this chapter, is known as “Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Act of 1984”, see note set out under section 4011 of this title .

1248. §3901 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 98–377 , which enacted subchapter VIII of this chapter, is known as “The Equal Access Act”, see note set out under section 4071 of this title .

1249. §3902 — Definitions

1250. §3911 — Congressional declaration of policy

1251. §3912 — Functional objectives; uses of funds

1252. §3913 — Teacher institutes

1253. §3914 — Materials development and methods research for mathematics, science, and engineering

1254. §3915 — Graduate fellowships

1255. §3916 — Other functional activities

1256. §3918 — Approval of proposals

1257. §3919 — Special consideration of underrepresented and underserved population

1258. §3920 — Availability of funds

1259. §3920 — Section 102(a)(8) of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act for fiscal year 1986, referred to in text, is section 102(a)(8) of Pub. L. 99–159 , title I, Nov. 22, 1985 , 99 Stat. 887 , which is not classified to the Code.

1260. §3921 — Prohibition against the Federal control of education

1261. §3921 — Section 1232a of this title , referred to in text, was in the original a reference to section 432 of the General Education Provisions Act. Sections 425 and 432 of that Act were renumbered as sections 432 and 438, respectively, by Pub. L. 103–382, title II, § 212(b)(1) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3913 , and are classified to sections 1231b–2 and 1232a, respectively, of this title.

1262. §3922 — Participation of teachers from private schools

1263. §3981 — Statement of purpose

1264. §3982 — Definitions

1265. §3983 — Program authorized

1266. §3984 — Authorized activities

1267. §3985 — Application

1268. §3986 — Submission of applications

1269. §3987 — Approval of applications

1270. §3988 — Payments; Federal share; limitation

1271. §3991 — Purpose

1272. §3992 — Programs authorized

1273. §3993 — Amendment to State application

1274. §3993 — Section 209, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 209 of Pub. L. 98–377 , title II, Aug. 11, 1984 , 98 Stat. 1279 , which was classified to section 3969 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 100–297, title II, § 2303 , Apr. 28, 1988 , 102 Stat. 324 .

1275. §3994 — Eligible programs

1276. §3995 — Local applications

1277. §3995 — Section 210, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 210 of Pub. L. 98–377 , title II, Aug. 11, 1984 , 98 Stat. 1280 , which was classified to section 3970 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 100–297, title II, § 2303 , Apr. 28, 1988 , 102 Stat. 324 .

1278. §3996 — Submission of applications

1279. §3997 — Approval of applications

1280. §3998 — Computation of grant amounts

1281. §4011 — Findings and purpose

1282. §4012 — Asbestos hazard abatement program

1283. §4013 — State records and priority lists

1284. §4014 — Financial assistance

1285. §4015 — Administrative provisions

1286. §4016 — Annual report

1287. §4017 — Recovery of costs

1288. §4018 — Employee protection

1289. §4019 — Affect on rights under other laws

1290. §4020 — Definitions

1291. §4021 — Authorization

1292. §4022 — Asbestos Trust Fund

1293. §4071 — Denial of equal access prohibited

1294. §4072 — Definitions

1295. §4073 — Severability

1296. §4074 — Construction

1297. §4301 — Continuation of Gallaudet College as Gallaudet University

1298. §4301 — Section 161 of title I of Pub. L. 102–421 provided that: “The amendments described in this title [enacting sections 4304, 4305, 4357, 4358, and 4359a of this title, amending this section and sections 4303, 4331, 4332, 4351 to 4356, and 4360 of this title, and repealing sections 4311, 4321, 4322, 4341 to 4344, 4357, and 4358 of this title] are made upon October 1, 1992 , and take effect upon such date.”

1299. §4302 — Property rights

1300. §4303 — Board of Trustees

1301. §4304 — Laurent Clerc National Deaf Education Center

1302. §4305 — Agreement with Gallaudet University

1303. §4331 — Authority

1304. §4332 — Agreement for National Technical Institute for the Deaf

1305. §4341 — Cultural experiences grants

1306. §4341 — Section 4342, Pub. L. 99–371, title III, § 302 , Aug. 4, 1986 , 100 Stat. 786 ; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(a)(2) , Oct. 30, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1142 , outlined duties of Commission and provided for reports to Congress.

1307. §4341 — Section 4343, Pub. L. 99–371, title III, § 303 , Aug. 4, 1986 , 100 Stat. 787 , related to personnel of Commission, hearings, quorums, consultation with other entities, information and statistics, and agency cooperation.

1308. §4341 — Section 4344, Pub. L. 99–371, title III, § 304 , Aug. 4, 1986 , 100 Stat. 788 , provided for compensation of members of Commission.

1309. §4351 — Definitions

1310. §4352 — Gifts

1311. §4353 — Audit

1312. §4354 — Reports

1313. §4355 — Monitoring, evaluation, and reporting

1314. §4356 — Liaison for educational programs

1315. §4357 — Federal endowment programs for Gallaudet University and the National Technical Institute for the Deaf

1316. §4359 — Oversight and effect of agreements

1317. § 4359a. International students

1318. § 4359b. Research priorities

1319. §4360 — National study on the education of the deaf

1320. § 4360a. Authorization of appropriations

1321. §4361 — Supervision of public business of Gallaudet University

1322. §4362 — Purchases through General Services Administration

1323. §4363 — Financial and program audit by Secretary

1324. §4401 — Findings

1325. §4402 — Definitions

1326. §4411 — Establishment of Institute

1327. §4412 — Board of Trustees

1328. §4413 — Executive Board

1329. §4414 — General powers of Board

1330. §4415 — President of Institute

1331. §4416 — Staff of Institute

1332. §4417 — Functions of Institute

1333. §4418 — Indian preference

1334. §4419 — Nonprofit and nonpolitical nature of Institute

1335. §4420 — Tax status; tort liability

1336. §4421 — Transfer of functions

1337. §4422 — Reports

1338. §4423 — Headquarters

1339. §4424 — Compliance with other Acts

1340. §4425 — Endowment programs

1341. §4426 — Provision of facilities

1342. §4441 — Program for Native Hawaiian and Alaska Native culture and arts development

1343. §4442 — Administrative provisions

1344. §4451 — Authorization of appropriations

1345. §4451 — Section 4425 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(3), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–644, title V, § 505 , Nov. 29, 1990 , 104 Stat. 4669 , and, as so amended, provisions similar to subsec. (d) are contained in subsec. (a)(4).

1346. §4501 — Purpose

1347. §4502 — Foundation

1348. §4503 — Fellowship recipients

1349. §4504 — Period for award

1350. §4505 — Recipient’s choice of institution

1351. §4506 — Recipient’s eligibility

1352. §4507 — Selection of fellowship recipients

1353. §4508 — Amount of fellowships

1354. §4509 — Fellowship conditions

1355. §4510 — James Madison Memorial Fellowship Trust Fund

1356. §4511 — Expenditures and audit

1357. §4512 — President and Executive Secretary of Foundation

1358. §4512 — Section 5532 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (a)(4), was repealed by Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title VI, § 651(a)(1) , Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 664 .

1359. §4513 — Administrative provisions

1360. §4514 — Definitions

1361. §4515 — Appropriations

1362. §4516 — Constitutional Law Resource Centers

1363. §4517 — Appropriations for universities

1364. §4665 — Transferred

1365. §4701 — Findings

1366. §4702 — Definitions

1367. §4703 — Establishment of Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Foundation

1368. §4704 — Barry Goldwater scholarship and excellence in education awards

1369. §4705 — Stipends

1370. §4706 — Scholarship and research internship conditions

1371. §4707 — Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Fund

1372. §4708 — Expenditures from fund

1373. §4709 — Executive Secretary

1374. §4710 — Administrative provisions

1375. §4710 — Section 4709 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was a reference to section 4709 in the original but probably should have been a reference to section 1410 of the Barry Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Act, Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title XIV , which is classified to section 4709 of this title .

1376. §4711 — Authorization of appropriations

1377. §5201 — Purposes

1378. §5202 — Eisenhower Exchange Fellowship Program Trust Fund

1379. §5203 — Expenditure and audit of trust fund

1380. §5204 — Authorization of appropriations

1381. §5205 — Use of income on endowment

1382. §5206 — Report to Congress

1383. §5207 — Status as executive agency

1384. §5501 — Findings and policy

1385. §5502 — Definitions

1386. §5503 — Office of Environmental Education

1387. §5504 — Environmental Education and Training Program

1388. §5505 — Environmental education grants

1389. §5506 — Environmental internships and fellowships

1390. §5507 — Environmental education awards

1391. §5508 — Environmental Education Advisory Council and Task Force

1392. §5508 — Section 5703 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (b)(5), was amended generally by Pub. L. 94–22 , May 19, 1975 , § 4, 89 Stat. 85 , and, as so amended, does not contain a subsec. (b).

1393. §5509 — National Environmental Education and Training Foundation

1394. §5510 — Authorization

1395. §5601 — Findings

1396. §5602 — Definitions

1397. §5603 — Establishment of Morris K. Udall and Stewart L. Udall Foundation

1398. §5604 — Purpose of Foundation

1399. §5605 — Authority of Foundation

1400. §5606 — Establishment of Morris K. Udall and Stewart L. Udall Trust Fund

1401. §5607 — Expenditures and audit of Trust Fund

1402. § 5607a. Environmental Dispute Resolution Fund

1403. § 5607b. Use of the National Center by Federal agency or other entity

1404. §5608 — Administrative provisions

1405. §5609 — Authorization of appropriations

1406. §5801 — Purpose

1407. §5802 — Definitions

1408. §5802 — Section 8801 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(6) and (b)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 107–110, title X, § 1011(5)(C) , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1986 .

1409. §5811 — Purpose

1410. §5812 — National Education Goals

1411. § 5891a. Definitions

1412. § 5891b. Educational flexibility program

1413. §5961 — Short title; statement of purpose

1414. §5962 — Safe schools program authorized

1415. §5963 — Eligible applicants

1416. §5964 — Applications and plans

1417. §5965 — Use of funds

1418. §5966 — National activities

1419. §5967 — Reports

1420. §5968 — Coordination of Federal assistance

1421. §5981 — Short title

1422. §5982 — Purposes

1423. §5983 — Grants authorized; authorization of appropriations

1424. §5984 — Definitions

1425. §5985 — Applications

1426. §6001 — Short title

1427. §6002 — Findings

1428. §6052 — Continuation of awards

1429. §6052 — Section 3141 and parts A and C of title XIII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (as such provisions were in effect on the day preceding January 8, 2002 ), referred to in subsec. (a)(1), are section 3141 and parts A and C of title XIII of Pub. L. 89–10 , as added by Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3649 , 3877, 3882. Section 3141 of the Act was classified to section 6861 of this title , prior to the general amendment of title III of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 107–110, title III, § 301 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1689 . Part A of title XIII of the Act was classified to part A (§ 8621 et seq.) of subchapter XIII of chapter 70 of this title, prior to its redesignation as part K of title IX of Pub. L. 103–227 by Pub. L. 107–110, title X, § 1021(a) , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1987 , and transfer to part G (§ 6053 et seq.) of this subchapter. Part C of title XIII of the Act was classified to part C (§ 8671 et seq.) of subchapter XIII of chapter 70 of this title, prior to its redesignation as part M of title IX of Pub. L. 103–227 by Pub. L. 107–110, title X, § 1023(a) , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1987 , and transfer to part I (§ 6055 et seq.) of this subchapter.

1430. §6061 — School prayer

1431. §6062 — Funding for Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

1432. §6063 — Study of Goals 2000 and students with disabilities

1433. §6064 — Contraceptive devices

1434. §6065 — Assessments

1435. §6066 — Public schools

1436. §6066 — Section 5890 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(4) [title III, § 310(i)] , Nov. 29, 1999 , 113 Stat. 1535 , 1501A–265.

1437. §6067 — Sense of Congress

1438. §6081 — Short title

1439. §6082 — Definitions

1440. §6083 — Nonsmoking policy for children’s services

1441. §6084 — Preemption

1442. §6301 — Section 1 of Pub. L. 89–10 , as added by Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3519 , as amended by Pub. L. 107–110, § 6(1) , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1427 , provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965’.”

1443. §6301 — Section 1. Policy . Since 1993, this Administration has sought to raise standards for students and to increase accountability in public education while investing more resources in elementary and secondary schools. While much has been accomplished—there has been progress in math and reading achievement, particularly for low-achieving students and students in our highest poverty schools—much more can be done, especially for low-performing schools.

1444. §6301 — Statement of purpose

1445. §6302 — Authorization of appropriations

1446. §6303 — School improvement

1447. § 6303a. Whole-school reform strategy

1448. § 6303b. Direct student services

1449. §6304 — State administration

1450. §6311 — State plans

1451. §6312 — Local educational agency plans

1452. §6313 — Eligible school attendance areas

1453. §6314 — Schoolwide programs

1454. §6315 — Targeted assistance schools

1455. §6318 — Parent and family engagement

1456. §6320 — Participation of children enrolled in private schools

1457. §6321 — Fiscal requirements

1458. §6322 — Coordination requirements

1459. §6331 — Grants for the outlying areas and the Secretary of the Interior

1460. §6332 — Allocations to States

1461. §6333 — Basic grants to local educational agencies

1462. §6334 — Concentration grants to local educational agencies

1463. §6335 — Targeted grants to local educational agencies

1464. §6336 — Adequacy of funding to local educational agencies in fiscal years after fiscal year 2001

1465. §6337 — Education finance incentive grant program

1466. §6338 — Special allocation procedures

1467. §6339 — Carryover and waiver

1468. §6361 — Grants for State assessments and related activities

1469. §6362 — State option to conduct assessment system audit

1470. §6363 — Allotment of appropriated funds

1471. §6364 — Innovative assessment and accountability demonstration authority

1472. §6364 — Section 6365, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1205 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1548 , related to external evaluation of former subpart 1 of this part.

1473. §6364 — Section 6366, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1206 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1548 , related to activities of Secretary of Education.

1474. §6364 — Section 6367, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1207 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1549 ; amended Pub. L. 110–154, § 1(c)(3) , Dec. 21, 2007 , 121 Stat. 1828 , related to dissemination of information.

1475. §6364 — Section 6368, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1208 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1549 , defined terms in former subpart 1 of this part.

1476. §6364 — Section 6369, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1209 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3584 ; amended Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 203] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–408, related to evaluation of Even Start programs.

1477. §6364 — Section 6369a, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1210 , as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 204(a)(2)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–409, related to indicators of Even Start program quality.

1478. §6364 — Section 6369b, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1211 , as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 205] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–410; amended Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(4) [div. B, title XVI, § 1604(m)] , Dec. 21, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2763 , 2763A–333, authorized research.

1479. §6364 — Section 6370, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1212 , formerly § 1210, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3584 ; renumbered § 1212, Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 204(a)(1)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–409, related to construction of provisions.

1480. §6364 — Section 6371, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1221 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1552 , set forth purposes and definitions for former subpart 2 of this part.

1481. §6364 — Section 6372, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1222 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1553 , authorized local Early Reading First grants.

1482. §6364 — Section 6373, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1223 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1554 , related to Federal administration of activities.

1483. §6364 — Section 6374, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1224 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1554 , related to dissemination of information regarding assisted projects.

1484. §6364 — Section 6375, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1225 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1554 , related to annual reporting requirements.

1485. §6364 — Section 6376, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1226 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1555 , related to evaluation of effectiveness of former subpart 2 of this part.

1486. §6364 — Section 6381, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1231 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1555 , stated purpose of former subpart 3 of this part.

1487. §6364 — Section 6381a, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1232 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1556 , authorized reservation of funds for migrant programs, outlying areas, and Indian tribes.

1488. §6364 — Section 6381b, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1233 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1558 , related to use of funds for State educational agency level activities and local programs.

1489. §6364 — Section 6381c, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1234 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1559 , related to use of funds by recipients of funds.

1490. §6364 — Section 6381d, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1235 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1560 ; amended Pub. L. 113–128, title V, § 512(i)(2) , July 22, 2014 , 128 Stat. 1708 , set forth elements of each program assisted.

1491. §6364 — Section 6381e, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1236 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1562 , related to eligibility for participation in an Even Start program.

1492. §6364 — Section 6381f, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1237 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1563 , related to application for subgrant under former subpart 3 of this part.

1493. §6364 — Section 6381g, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1238 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1564 , related to award of subgrants.

1494. §6364 — Section 6381h, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1239 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1566 , related to evaluation of programs.

1495. §6364 — Section 6381i, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1240 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1566 , related to development of indicators of program quality.

1496. §6364 — Section 6381j, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1241 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1566 , related to research into components of successful family literacy services.

1497. §6364 — Section 6381k, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1242 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1567 , related to construction of provisions.

1498. §6364 — Section 6383, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1251 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1567 , related to improvement of literacy through school libraries.

1499. §6391 — Program purposes

1500. §6392 — Program authorized

1501. §6393 — State allocations

1502. §6394 — State applications; services

1503. §6395 — Secretarial approval; peer review

1504. §6396 — Comprehensive needs assessment and service-delivery plan; authorized activities

1505. §6397 — Bypass

1506. §6398 — Coordination of migrant education activities

1507. §6399 — Definitions

1508. §6421 — Purpose and program authorization

1509. §6422 — Payments for programs under this part

1510. §6431 — Eligibility

1511. §6432 — Allocation of funds

1512. §6433 — State reallocation of funds

1513. §6434 — State plan and State agency applications

1514. §6435 — Use of funds

1515. §6436 — Institution-wide projects

1516. §6437 — Three-year programs or projects

1517. §6438 — Transition services

1518. §6439 — Technical assistance

1519. §6451 — Purpose

1520. §6452 — Programs operated by local educational agencies

1521. §6453 — Local educational agency applications

1522. §6454 — Uses of funds

1523. §6455 — Program requirements for correctional facilities receiving funds under this section

1524. §6456 — Accountability

1525. §6471 — Program evaluations

1526. §6472 — Definitions

1527. §6491 — Flexibility for equitable per-pupil funding

1528. §6491 — Section 6491, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1501 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1592 ; amended Pub. L. 107–279, title IV, § 404(d)(4) , Nov. 5, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1986 , related to evaluations. See section 7981 of this title .

1529. §6491 — Section 6492, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1502 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1597 , related to demonstrations of innovative practices.

1530. §6491 — Section 6493, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1503 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1597 , related to assessment evaluation.

1531. §6491 — Section 6494, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1504 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1598 , related to Close Up fellowship program.

1532. §6491 — Section 6511, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1601 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1601 , stated purpose of former part F of this subchapter.

1533. §6491 — Section 6512, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1602 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1601 , related to program authorization.

1534. §6491 — Section 6513, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1603 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1602 , related to application by State educational agency.

1535. §6491 — Section 6514, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1604 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1603 , related to use of funds by State educational agency.

1536. §6491 — Section 6515, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1605 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1604 , related to application by local educational agency.

1537. §6491 — Section 6516, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1606 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1604 , related to use of funds by local educational agency.

1538. §6491 — Section 6517, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1607 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1605 , related to evaluation of programs and reports.

1539. §6491 — Section 6518, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1608 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1605 , related to quality initiatives.

1540. §6491 — Section 6531, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1701 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1606 , provided that former part G of this subchapter could be cited as the “Access to High Standards Act”.

1541. §6491 — Section 6532, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1702 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1606 , stated purposes of former part G of this subchapter.

1542. §6491 — Section 6533, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1703 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1606 , set forth funding distribution rule.

1543. §6491 — Section 6534, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1704 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1606 , related to reimbursement of advanced placement test fees.

1544. §6491 — Section 6535, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1705 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1608 , related to grants to expand access to advanced placement incentive programs.

1545. §6491 — Section 6536, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1706 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1609 , related to use of grants to supplement, not supplant other non-Federal funds.

1546. §6491 — Section 6537, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1707 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1609 ; amended Pub. L. 108–11, title II, § 2503 , Apr. 16, 2003 , 117 Stat. 599 , defined terms in former part G of this subchapter.

1547. §6491 — Section 6551, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1801 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1610 , provided that former part H of this subchapter could be cited as the “Dropout Prevention Act”.

1548. §6491 — Section 6552, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1802 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1610 , stated purposes of former part H of this subchapter.

1549. §6491 — Section 6553, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1803 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1610 , authorized appropriations.

1550. §6491 — Section 6555, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1811 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1610 , authorized national activities relating to dropout prevention.

1551. §6491 — Section 6561, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1821 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1612 , defined terms in subpart 2 of former part H of this subchapter.

1552. §6491 — Section 6561a, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1822 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1612 , authorized grants for school dropout prevention and reentry programs.

1553. §6491 — Section 6561b, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1823 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1614 , related to applications for grants.

1554. §6491 — Section 6561c, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1824 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1615 , related to reservation of funds for administrative costs and State activities.

1555. §6491 — Section 6561d, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1825 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1615 , related to strategies and capacity building.

1556. §6491 — Section 6561e, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1826 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1616 , related to selection of local educational agencies for subgrants.

1557. §6491 — Section 6561f, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1827 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1616 , related to use of funds by community-based organizations.

1558. §6491 — Section 6561g, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1828 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1616 , related to technical assistance to secondary schools.

1559. §6491 — Section 6561h, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1829 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1616 , related to calculation of annual school dropout rate.

1560. §6491 — Section 6561i, Pub. L. 89–10, title I, § 1830 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title I, § 101 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1616 , related to reporting and accountability.

1561. §6571 — Federal regulations

1562. §6572 — Agreements and records

1563. §6573 — State administration

1564. §6575 — Prohibition against Federal mandates, direction, or control

1565. §6576 — Rule of construction on equalized spending

1566. §6601 — Purpose

1567. §6602 — Definitions

1568. §6603 — Authorization of appropriations

1569. §6611 — Formula grants to States

1570. §6611 — Section 2202(b) of this Act (as in effect on the day before January 8, 2002 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A)(i), is section 2202(b) of Pub. L. 89–10 , as added by Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3621 , which was classified to section 6642(b) of this title prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1620 .

1571. §6611 — Section 306 of the Department of Education Appropriations Act, 2001, referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A)(ii), is section 1(a)(1) [title III, § 306] of Pub. L. 106–554 , Nov. 29, 1999 , 114 Stat. 2763 , 2763A–41, which is not classified to the Code.

1572. §6612 — Subgrants to local educational agencies

1573. §6613 — Local uses of funds

1574. §6614 — Reporting

1575. §6621 — Reservations

1576. §6621 — Section 6621, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2121 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1627 , related to allocations to local educational agencies.

1577. §6621 — Section 6622, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2122 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1628 , related to local applications and needs assessment.

1578. §6621 — Section 6623, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2123 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1630 , related to local use of funds.

1579. §6631 — Purposes; definitions

1580. §6632 — Teacher and school leader incentive fund grants

1581. §6633 — Reports

1582. §6633 — Section 6633, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2133 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1633 , related to subgrant applications.

1583. §6633 — Section 6634, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2134 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1633 , related to use of funds.

1584. §6641 — Purposes; definitions

1585. §6642 — Comprehensive literacy State development grants

1586. §6643 — Subgrants to eligible entities in support of birth through kindergarten entry literacy

1587. §6644 — Subgrants to eligible entities in support of kindergarten through grade 12 literacy

1588. §6645 — National evaluation and information dissemination

1589. §6646 — Innovative approaches to literacy

1590. §6646 — Section 6646, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2206 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3625 ; amended Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 101(b)(2)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–406, related to priority for professional development in mathematics and science.

1591. §6646 — Section 6647, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2207 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3625 , related to State-level activities.

1592. §6646 — Section 6648, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2208 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3626 ; amended Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 709(b)(3)(A)] , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–233 , 3009–313, related to local plan and application for improving teaching and learning.

1593. §6646 — Section 6649, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2209 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3628 ; amended Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 709(b)(3)(A)] , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–233 , 3009–313, related to local cost-sharing.

1594. §6646 — Section 6650, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2210 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3629 , related to local allocation of funds and allowable activities.

1595. §6661 — Program authorized

1596. §6661 — Section 6661a, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2252 , as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 101(a)(2)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–392; amended Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(4) [div. B, title XVI, § 1606(b)(2)(A)] , Dec. 21, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2763 , 2763A–335, defined terms for purposes of former part.

1597. §6661 — Section 6661b, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2253 , as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 101(a)(2)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–393, related to reading and literacy grants to State educational agencies.

1598. §6661 — Section 6661c, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2254 , as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 101(a)(2)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–397, related to use of amounts by State educational agencies.

1599. §6661 — Section 6661d, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2255 , as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 101(a)(2)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–397, related to local reading improvement subgrants.

1600. §6661 — Section 6661e, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2256 , as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 101(a)(2)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–401, related to tutorial assistance subgrants.

1601. §6661 — Section 6661f, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2257 , as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 101(a)(2)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–405, related to national evaluation of programs under former part.

1602. §6661 — Section 6661g, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2258 , as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 101(a)(2)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–405, related to information dissemination.

1603. §6661 — Section 6661h, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2259 , as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 101(a)(2)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–405, related to State evaluations and performance reports.

1604. §6661 — Section 6661i, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2260 , as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 101(a)(2)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–406; amended Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(4) [div. B, title XVI, § 1606(b)(2)(B)] , Dec. 21, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2763 , 2763A–335, related to authorization of appropriations, reservations from appropriations, and sunset.

1605. §6662 — Presidential and Congressional Academies for American History and Civics

1606. §6663 — National activities

1607. §6671 — Funding allotment

1608. §6672 — Supporting effective educator development

1609. §6673 — School leader recruitment and support

1610. §6674 — Technical assistance and national evaluation

1611. §6675 — STEM master teacher corps

1612. §6675 — Section 6675, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2305 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1654 , related to participation by States in the Troops-to-Teachers Program.

1613. §6675 — Section 6676, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2306 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1654 , related to support of innovative preretirement teacher certification programs.

1614. §6675 — Section 6677, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2307 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1655 ; amended Pub. L. 107–296, title XVII, § 1704(e)(9) , Nov. 25, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2315 , required a report not later than Mar. 31, 2006 , on the effectiveness of the Troops-to-Teachers Program.

1615. §6675 — Section 6681, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2311 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1655 , set forth purposes of division B of subpart 1 of part C of former subchapter II of this chapter.

1616. §6675 — Section 6682, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2312 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1656 , defined terms in division B of subpart 1 of part C of former subchapter II of this chapter.

1617. §6675 — Section 6683, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2313 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1656 , related to transition to teaching grant program.

1618. §6675 — Section 6684, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2314 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1659 , related to evaluation and accountability for recruiting and retaining teachers.

1619. §6681 — Findings

1620. §6682 — Definitions

1621. §6683 — Recognition program established

1622. §6691 — Supplement, not supplant

1623. §6692 — Rules of construction

1624. §6692 — Section 6701, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2331 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1660 , set forth purposes of subpart 2 of part C of former subchapter II of this chapter.

1625. §6692 — Section 6702, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2332 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1660 , related to the National Writing Project.

1626. §6692 — Section 6711, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2341 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1662 , provided that subpart 3 of part C of former subchapter II of this chapter could be cited as the “Education for Democracy Act”.

1627. §6692 — Section 6712, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2342 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1662 , set forth purpose of subpart 3 of part C of former subchapter II of this chapter.

1628. §6692 — Section 6713, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2343 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1662 , related to authority to award grants or enter into contracts.

1629. §6692 — Section 6714, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2344 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1663 , related to We the People program.

1630. §6692 — Section 6715, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2345 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1664 , related to cooperative civic education and economic education exchange programs.

1631. §6692 — Section 6716, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2346 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1666 , authorized appropriations to carry out subpart 3 of part C of former subchapter II of this chapter.

1632. §6692 — Section 6721, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2351 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1666 , related to establishment of the Teaching American History Grant Program.

1633. §6692 — Section 6722, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2352 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1667 , authorized appropriations to carry out subpart 4 of part C of former subchapter II of this chapter.

1634. §6692 — Section 6751, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2401 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1671 , provided that part D of former subchapter II of this chapter could be cited as the “Enhancing Education Through Technology Act of 2001”.

1635. §6692 — Section 6752, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2402 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1671 , set forth purposes and goals of part D of former subchapter II of this chapter.

1636. §6692 — Section 6753, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2403 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1672 , defined terms.

1637. §6692 — Section 6754, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2404 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1673 , authorized appropriations.

1638. §6692 — Section 6761, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2411 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1673 , related to allotment and reallotment of funds.

1639. §6692 — Section 6762, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2412 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1674 , related to use of allotment by State.

1640. §6692 — Section 6763, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2413 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1675 , related to State applications.

1641. §6692 — Section 6764, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2414 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1677 , related to local applications.

1642. §6692 — Section 6765, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2415 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1679 , related to State activities.

1643. §6692 — Section 6766, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2416 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1680 , related to local activities.

1644. §6692 — Section 6771, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2421 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1682 , related to national activities.

1645. §6692 — Section 6772, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2422 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1682 , related to national education technology plan.

1646. §6692 — Section 6775, Pub. L. 89–10, title II, § 2431 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1683 , related to Ready-to-Learn Television program.

1647. §6801 — Authorization of appropriations

1648. §6811 — Short title

1649. §6812 — Purposes

1650. §6812 — Section 6813, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, § 3113 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3639 ; amended Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 709(a)(1), (3)] , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–233 , 3009–312; Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 251(b)(2)(D) , Aug. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1080 , defined terms for purposes of prior subchapter III.

1651. §6812 — Section 6814, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, § 3114 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3640 , authorized appropriations and set forth funding rule.

1652. §6812 — Section 6815, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, § 3115 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3641 , limited use of funds for administrative costs and technical assistance.

1653. §6821 — Formula grants to States

1654. §6822 — Native American and Alaska Native children in school

1655. §6823 — State and specially qualified agency plans

1656. §6824 — Within-State allocations

1657. §6825 — Subgrants to eligible entities

1658. §6826 — Local plans

1659. §6826 — Section 6831, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, § 3121 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3641 , related to national long-range technology plan.

1660. §6826 — Section 6832, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, § 3122 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3642 , related to Federal leadership in promoting the use of technology in education.

1661. §6826 — Section 6833, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, § 3123 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3644 , related to study, evaluation and report of funding alternatives.

1662. §6841 — Reporting

1663. §6842 — Repealed. Pub. L. 114–95, title III, §3001(2)(A), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1953 Section, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, §3122, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title III, §301, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1702 , related to achievement objectives and accountability. A prior section 6842, Pub. L. 89–10, title III, §3132, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, §101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3645 , related to school technology resource grants, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107–110.

1664. §6843 — Biennial reports

1665. §6844 — Coordination with related programs

1666. §6845 — Rules of construction

1667. §6846 — Legal authority under State law

1668. §6847 — Civil rights

1669. §6848 — Programs for Native Americans and Puerto Rico

1670. §6849 — Prohibition

1671. §6861 — National professional development project

1672. §7011 — Definitions

1673. §7013 — National clearinghouse

1674. §7014 — Regulations

1675. §7101 — General provisions

1676. §7111 — Purpose

1677. §7112 — Definitions

1678. §7113 — Formula grants to States

1679. §7114 — State use of funds

1680. §7115 — Allocations to local educational agencies

1681. §7116 — Local educational agency applications

1682. §7117 — Activities to support well-rounded educational opportunities

1683. §7118 — Activities to support safe and healthy students

1684. §7119 — Activities to support the effective use of technology

1685. §7119 — Section 7115(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “section 4015(a)”, and was translated as meaning section 4105(a) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, Pub. L. 89–10 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because that Act does not contain a section 4015 and section 4105(a) refers to allocations.

1686. §7120 — Supplement, not supplant

1687. §7121 — Rule of construction

1688. §7122 — Authorization of appropriations

1689. §7122 — Section 1223 of this title shall apply to this subpart.

1690. §7131 — Internet safety

1691. §7131 — Section 7131, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4121 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, § 401 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1751 , related to Federal activities.

1692. §7131 — Section 7132, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4122 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, § 401 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1752 , related to impact evaluation.

1693. §7131 — Section 7133, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4123 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, § 401 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1752 , related to hate crime prevention.

1694. §7131 — Section 7134, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4124 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, § 401 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1754 , related to the Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities Advisory Committee.

1695. §7131 — Section 7135, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4125 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, § 401 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1755 , related to the National Coordinator Program.

1696. §7131 — Section 7136, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4126 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, § 401 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1756 , related to community service grant programs.

1697. §7131 — Section 7137, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4127 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, § 401 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1756 , related to the School Security Technology and Resource Center.

1698. §7131 — Section 7138, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4128 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, § 401 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1756 , related to the National Center for School and Youth Safety.

1699. §7131 — Section 7139, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4129 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, § 401 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1757 , authorized grants to reduce alcohol abuse.

1700. §7131 — Section 7140, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4130 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, § 401 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1758 , related to mentoring programs.

1701. §7131 — Section 7141, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4131 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3689 , defined terms.

1702. §7131 — Section 7142, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4132 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3689 , related to materials.

1703. §7131 — Section 7143, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4133 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3690 , set forth prohibited uses of funds.

1704. §7131 — Section 7144, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4134 , as added Pub. L. 105–277, div. D, title I, § 122 , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–756 , related to quality rating of drug, alcohol, and tobacco prevention programs implemented in public elementary schools and secondary schools.

1705. §7151 — Section 7151, Pub. L. 89–10, title IV, § 4141 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IV, § 401 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1762 , which related to gun-free requirements, was renumbered section 8561 of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 114–95, title IV, § 4001(a)(2)(D) , title VIII, § 8001(a)(8), Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1966 , 2088, 2089, and transferred to section 7961 of this title .

1706. §7151 — Transferred

1707. §7165 — Transferred

1708. §7171 — Purpose; definitions

1709. §7172 — Allotments to States

1710. §7173 — State application

1711. §7174 — Local competitive subgrant program

1712. §7175 — Local activities

1713. §7176 — Authorization of appropriations

1714. §7176 — Section 7202, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5102 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3691 , related to purpose of magnet schools assistance.

1715. §7176 — Section 7203, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5103 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3691 , authorized program.

1716. §7176 — Section 7204, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5104 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3691 , defined “magnet school”.

1717. §7176 — Section 7205, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5105 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3692 , related to eligibility for assistance.

1718. §7176 — Section 7206, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5106 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3692 , related to applications and requirements.

1719. §7176 — Section 7207, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5107 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3693 , related to priority in approving applications.

1720. §7176 — Section 7208, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5108 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3693 , related to use of funds. See section 7231f of this title .

1721. §7176 — Section 7209, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5109 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3694 , set forth prohibitions.

1722. §7176 — Section 7210, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5110 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3694 , related to limitations.

1723. §7176 — Section 7213a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5122 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1780 , related to State applications.

1724. §7176 — Section 7215, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5131 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1781 , related to local uses of funds.

1725. §7176 — Section 7215a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5132 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1783 , related to administrative authority.

1726. §7176 — Section 7215b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5133 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1783 , related to local applications.

1727. §7176 — Section 7217, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5141 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1784 , related to maintenance of effort.

1728. §7176 — Section 7217a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5142 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1785 , related to participation of children enrolled in private schools.

1729. §7176 — Section 7217b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5143 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1787 , related to Federal administration.

1730. §7176 — Section 7217c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5144 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1788 , provided that funds made available were to supplement, not supplant, other funds.

1731. §7176 — Section 7217d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5145 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1788 , defined terms.

1732. §7176 — Section 7217e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5146 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1788 , authorized appropriations for fiscal years 2002 to 2007.

1733. §7221 — Purpose

1734. Part B of title V (as such part was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015 ), referred to in subsec. (c), means part B of title V of Pub. L. 89–10 , which was classified generally to part B (§ 7221 et seq.) of subchapter V of this chapter prior to being amended by Pub. L. 114–95 . Pub. L. 114–95, title IV , §§ 4001(b)(1)(B), (2), 4301, Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1967 , 1993, repealed subparts 2 (§ 7223 et seq.) and 3 (§ 7225 et seq.) of part B of subchapter V, redesignated the remainder of part B as this part, struck out the subpart 1 designation and heading, repealed and amended various sections of this part, and added several new sections. For complete classification of Pub. L. 114–95 to the Code, see Tables.

1735. § 7221a. Program authorized

1736. § 7221b. Grants to support high-quality charter schools

1737. § 7221c. Facilities financing assistance

1738. § 7221d. National activities

1739. § 7221e. Federal formula allocation during first year and for successive enrollment expansions

1740. Section 6337(g)(3) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was redesignated section 6337(f)(3) of this title by Pub. L. 114–95, title I, § 1017(7) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1879 .

1741. § 7221f. Solicitation of input from charter school operators

1742. § 7221g. Records transfer

1743. § 7221h. Paperwork reduction

1744. § 7221i. Definitions

1745. § 7221j. Authorization of appropriations

1746. Section 7223, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5221 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1800 , stated purpose of subpart 2 of part B of former subchapter V of this chapter, related to credit enhancement initiatives to assist charter school facility acquisition, construction, and renovation.

1747. Section 7223a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5222 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1800 , related to grants to eligible entities.

1748. Section 7223b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5223 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1800 , related to applications for grants.

1749. Section 7223c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5224 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1801 , related to charter school objectives.

1750. Section 7223d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5225 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1801 , related to reserve account.

1751. Section 7223e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5226 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1802 , related to limitation on administrative costs.

1752. Section 7223f, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5227 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1802 , related to audits and reports.

1753. Section 7223g, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5228 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1803 , provided that there was no full faith and credit for grantee obligations.

1754. Section 7223h, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5229 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1803 , related to recovery of funds.

1755. Section 7223i, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5230 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1803 , defined terms for the former subpart.

1756. Section 7223j, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5231 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1803 , authorized appropriations for fiscal years 2002 and 2003.

1757. Section 7225, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5241 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1803 , authorized grants to carry out subpart 3 of part B of former subchapter V of this chapter, related to voluntary public school choice programs.

1758. Section 7225a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5242 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1804 , related to uses of funds.

1759. Section 7225b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5243 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1804 , related to applications for grants.

1760. Section 7225c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5244 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1804 , related to priorities in awarding grants.

1761. Section 7225d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5245 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1805 , related to requirements and voluntary participation.

1762. Section 7225e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5246 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1805 , related to evaluations.

1763. Section 7225f, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5247 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1805 , defined terms for the former subpart.

1764. Section 7225g, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5248 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1806 , authorized appropriations for fiscal year 2002 and the 5 succeeding fiscal years.

1765. §7231 — Findings and purpose

1766. § 7231a. Definition

1767. § 7231b. Program authorized

1768. § 7231c. Eligibility

1769. § 7231d. Applications and requirements

1770. § 7231e. Priority

1771. § 7231f. Use of funds

1772. § 7231h. Limitations

1773. § 7231j. Authorization of appropriations; reservation

1774. Section 7232, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5202 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3696 , set forth purposes of part B of former subchapter V of this chapter relating to gender equity.

1775. Section 7233, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5203 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3696 ; amended Pub. L. 104–193, title I, § 110(j)(3) , Aug. 22, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2172 , authorized gender equity programs.

1776. Section 7234, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5204 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3699 , related to applications.

1777. Section 7235, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5205 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3699 , set forth criteria and priorities for awards.

1778. Section 7236, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5206 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3700 , related to submission of report.

1779. Section 7237, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5207 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3700 , related to administration.

1780. Section 7238, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5208 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3701 , authorized appropriations.

1781. §7241 — Purposes

1782. §7242 — Grants authorized.

1783. §7243 — Applications

1784. §7243 — Section 7243, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5411 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1811 , related to programs authorized.

1785. §7243 — Section 7243a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5412 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1812 , related to applications for awards.

1786. §7243 — Section 7243b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5413 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1812 , related to program requirements.

1787. §7243 — Section 7243c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5414 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1813 , related to studies of national significance.

1788. §7244 — Uses of funds

1789. §7245 — Family engagement in Indian schools

1790. §7246 — Authorization of appropriations

1791. §7246 — Section 7247, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5431 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1817 , related to partnerships in character education program.

1792. §7246 — Section 7249, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5441 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1823 , related to smaller learning communities.

1793. §7251 — Authorization of appropriations; reservations

1794. §7251 — Section 7253, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5461 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1826 , provided that subpart 6 of part D of former subchapter V of this chapter could be cited as the “Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Act of 2001”.

1795. §7251 — Section 7253a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5462 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1826 , provided purpose of former subpart.

1796. §7251 — Section 7253b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5463 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1826 , related to rule of construction.

1797. §7251 — Section 7253c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5464 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1826 ; amended Pub. L. 107–279, title IV, § 404(d)(5)(C) , (6), Nov. 5, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1986 , related to authorized programs.

1798. §7251 — Section 7253d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5465 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1828 , related to program priorities.

1799. §7251 — Section 7253e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5466 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1828 , related to general provisions.

1800. §7251 — Section 7255, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5471 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1829 , provided that subpart 7 of part D of former subchapter V of this chapter could be cited as the “Star Schools Act”.

1801. §7251 — Section 7255a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5472 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1829 , provided purposes of former subpart.

1802. §7251 — Section 7255b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5473 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1830 , authorized grant program.

1803. §7251 — Section 7255c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5474 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1831 , related to applications.

1804. §7251 — Section 7255d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5475 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1834 , related to other grant assistance.

1805. §7251 — Section 7255e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5476 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1835 , related to administrative provisions.

1806. §7251 — Section 7255f, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5477 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1836 , defined terms.

1807. §7251 — Section 7257, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5481 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1837 , authorized awarding of grants.

1808. §7251 — Section 7257a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5482 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1838 , related to application requirement.

1809. §7251 — Section 7257b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5483 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1838 , related to reports and evaluation.

1810. §7251 — Section 7257c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5484 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1838 , related to digital educational programming grants.

1811. §7251 — Section 7257d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5485 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1839 , related to administrative costs.

1812. §7251 — Section 7259, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5491 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1839 , provided that subpart 9 of part D of former subchapter V of this chapter could be cited as the “Foreign Language Assistance Act of 2001”.

1813. §7251 — Section 7259a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5492 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1839 , authorized awarding of grants.

1814. §7251 — Section 7259b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5493 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1840 , related to application requirement.

1815. §7251 — Section 7259c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5494 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1840 , related to elementary school foreign language incentive program.

1816. §7261 — Grants for education innovation and research

1817. §7261 — Section 7261, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5501 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1841 , provided that subpart 10 of part D of former subchapter V of this chapter could be cited as the “Carol M. White Physical Education Program”.

1818. §7261 — Section 7261a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5502 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1841 , provided purpose of former subpart.

1819. §7261 — Section 7261b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5503 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1841 , authorized program.

1820. §7261 — Section 7261c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5504 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1841 , related to application requirement.

1821. §7261 — Section 7261d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5505 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1842 , related to annual report to Secretary and administrative expenses.

1822. §7261 — Section 7261e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5506 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1842 , related to other administrative provisions.

1823. §7261 — Section 7261f, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5507 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1842 , provided that funds were to supplement, not supplant, any other Federal, State, or local funds.

1824. §7261 — Section 7263, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5511 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1843 , related to purpose and program authorization.

1825. §7261 — Section 7263a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5512 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1843 , related to eligibility and application requirements.

1826. §7261 — Section 7263b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5513 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1844 , related to uses of funds.

1827. §7261 — Section 7265, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5521 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1845 , provided that subpart 12 of part D of former subchapter V of this chapter could be cited as the “Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Education Through Cultural and Historical Organizations Act”.

1828. §7261 — Section 7265a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5522 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1845 ; amended Pub. L. 109–149, title III, § 306(1) , Dec. 30, 2005 , 119 Stat. 2870 , related to findings and purposes.

1829. §7261 — Section 7265b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5523 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1846 ; amended Pub. L. 109–149, title III, § 306(2) , Dec. 30, 2005 , 119 Stat. 2870 , related to program authorization.

1830. §7261 — Section 7265c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5524 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1847 , related to administrative provisions.

1831. §7261 — Section 7265d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5525 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1847 ; amended Pub. L. 109–149, title III, § 306(3) , Dec. 30, 2005 , 119 Stat. 2870 , related to availability of funds.

1832. §7261 — Section 7265e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5526 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1848 , defined terms.

1833. §7261 — Section 7267, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5531 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1848 , provided that subpart 13 of part D of former subchapter V of this chapter could be cited as the “Excellence in Economic Education Act of 2001”.

1834. §7261 — Section 7267a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5532 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1848 , related to purpose and goals.

1835. §7261 — Section 7267b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5533 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1848 , authorized a grant program.

1836. §7261 — Section 7267c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5534 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1849 , related to grant applications.

1837. §7261 — Section 7267d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5535 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1850 , related to requirements for grantees and subgrant recipients.

1838. §7261 — Section 7267e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5536 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1850 , related to administrative provisions.

1839. §7261 — Section 7267f, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5537 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1851 , provided that funds were to supplement, not supplant, any other Federal, State, or local funds.

1840. §7261 — Section 7269, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5541 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1851 , authorized grants for the integration of schools and mental health systems.

1841. §7261 — Section 7269a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5542 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1853 , related to promotion of school readiness through early childhood emotional and social development.

1842. §7271 — Purposes

1843. §7272 — Definitions

1844. §7273 — Program authorized

1845. §7273 — Section 7273, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5561 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1856 , related to purposes.

1846. §7273 — Section 7273a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5562 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1857 , authorized grants.

1847. §7273 — Section 7273b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5563 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1857 ; amended Pub. L. 108–446, title III, § 305(g)(3) , Dec. 3, 2004 , 118 Stat. 2805 , related to applications.

1848. §7273 — Section 7273c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5564 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1858 , related to uses of funds.

1849. §7273 — Section 7273d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5565 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1859 , related to administrative provisions.

1850. §7273 — Section 7273e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5566 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1861 , related to local family information centers.

1851. §7274 — Promise neighborhoods

1852. §7275 — Full-service community schools

1853. §7275 — Section 7275, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5571 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1861 , related to grants to combat the impact of experiencing or witnessing domestic violence on elementary and secondary school children.

1854. §7275 — Section 7277, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5581 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1863 , authorized grant program.

1855. §7275 — Section 7277a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5582 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1863 , related to State uses of funds.

1856. §7275 — Section 7277b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5583 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1864 , related to local uses of funds.

1857. §7275 — Section 7277c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5584 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1865 , related to report to Congress.

1858. §7275 — Section 7277d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5585 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1865 , related to limitations.

1859. §7275 — Section 7277e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5586 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1865 , defined term “healthy, high-performance school building”.

1860. §7275 — Section 7279, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5591 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1865 , authorized grant program.

1861. §7275 — Section 7279a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5592 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1865 , related to uses of funds.

1862. §7275 — Section 7279b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5593 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1866 , related to allotments to States.

1863. §7275 — Section 7279c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5594 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1866 , related to subgrants to local educational agencies.

1864. §7275 — Section 7279d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5595 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1866 , defined term “capital expenses”.

1865. §7275 — Section 7279e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5596 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1866 , terminated authority effective Oct. 1, 2003 .

1866. §7281 — National activities for school safety

1867. §7281 — Section 7281, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5601 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1866 , authorized Secretary to provide additional assistance to meet special circumstances.

1868. §7281 — Section 7281a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5602 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1866 , related to eligibility.

1869. §7281 — Section 7281b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5603 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1867 , related to maximum amount.

1870. §7281 — Section 7283, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5611 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1867 , provided that subpart 21 of subpart D of former subchapter V of this chapter could be cited as the “Women’s Educational Equity Act of 2001” and related to findings.

1871. §7281 — Section 7283a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5612 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1868 , related to statement of purpose.

1872. §7281 — Section 7283b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5613 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1868 ; amended Pub. L. 107–279, title IV, § 404(d)(7) , Nov. 5, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1986 , authorized program.

1873. §7281 — Section 7283c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5614 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1871 , related to applications.

1874. §7281 — Section 7283d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5615 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1871 ; amended Pub. L. 107–279, title IV, § 404(d)(5)(D) , (8), Nov. 5, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1986 , related to criteria and priorities.

1875. §7281 — Section 7283e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5616 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1872 , related to report requirement.

1876. §7281 — Section 7283f, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5617 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1872 , related to administration.

1877. §7281 — Section 7283g, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5618 , as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1873 , related to amounts to be used to carry out certain activities.

1878. §7291 — Awards for academic enrichment

1879. §7292 — Assistance for arts education

1880. §7293 — Ready to learn programming

1881. §7294 — Section 7301, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6111 , formerly title VI, § 6111, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1873 ; renumbered title V, § 6111, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to grants for State assessments and related activities.

1882. §7294 — Section 7301a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6112 , formerly title VI, § 6112, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1874 ; renumbered title V, § 6112, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to grants for enhanced assessment instruments.

1883. §7294 — Section 7301b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6113 , formerly title VI, § 6113, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1875 ; renumbered title V, § 6113, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to funding.

1884. §7294 — Section 7302, Pub. L. 89–10, title VI, § 6002 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3707 , related to authorization of appropriations and duration of assistance.

1885. §7294 — Section 7303, Pub. L. 89–10, title VI, § 6003 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3707 , defined “effective schools programs”.

1886. §7294 — Supporting high-ability learners and learning

1887. §7305 — Short title

1888. § 7305a. Purpose

1889. Section 7311, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6131 , formerly title VI, § 6131, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1878 ; renumbered title V, § 6131, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , provided that former subpart 3 of this part could be cited as the “State and Local Flexibility Demonstration Act”.

1890. Section 7311a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6132 , formerly title VI, § 6132, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1878 ; renumbered title V, § 6132, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , stated the purpose of former subpart 3 of this part.

1891. Section 7311b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6133 , formerly title VI, § 6133, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1878 ; renumbered title V, § 6133, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , provided that any State that is one local educational agency would be considered a State educational agency and not a local educational agency.

1892. Section 7315, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6141 , formerly title VI, § 6141, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1879 ; renumbered title V, § 6141, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to State flexibility.

1893. Section 7315a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6142 , formerly title VI, § 6142, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1883 ; renumbered title V, § 6142, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to consolidation and use of funds under a grant of flexibility authority.

1894. Section 7315b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6143 , formerly title VI, § 6143, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1883 ; renumbered title V, § 6143, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to midterm and final performance reviews and penalties regarding grants of flexibility authority.

1895. Section 7315c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6144 , formerly title VI, § 6144, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1884 ; renumbered title V, § 6144, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , provided for renewal of grant of flexibility authority.

1896. Section 7321, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6151 , formerly title VI, § 6151, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1884 ; renumbered title V, § 6151, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to local flexibility demonstration agreements.

1897. Section 7321a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6152 , formerly title VI, § 6152, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1888 ; renumbered title V, § 6152, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to consolidation and use of funds under a local flexibility demonstration agreement.

1898. Section 7321b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6153 , formerly title VI, § 6153, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1889 ; renumbered title V, § 6153, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to limitations on administrative expenditures.

1899. Section 7321c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6154 , formerly title VI, § 6154, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1889 ; renumbered title V, § 6154, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to midterm and final performance reviews and penalties regarding local flexibility demonstration agreements.

1900. Section 7321d, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6155 , formerly title VI, § 6155, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1889 ; renumbered title V, § 6155, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , provided for renewal of local flexibility demonstration agreement.

1901. Section 7321e, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6156 , formerly title VI, § 6156, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1890 ; renumbered title V, § 6156, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to transmittal of reports to Congress and limitation on required information.

1902. Section 7325, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6161 , formerly title VI, § 6161, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1890 ; renumbered title V, § 6161, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to accountability for adequate yearly progress.

1903. Section 7325a, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6162 , formerly title VI, § 6162, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1890 ; renumbered title V, § 6162, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to peer review of State progress.

1904. Section 7325b, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6163 , formerly title VI, § 6163, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1890 ; renumbered title V, § 6163, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , related to provision of technical assistance to States not making adequate yearly progress or meeting annual measurable achievement objectives.

1905. Section 7325c, Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 6164 , formerly title VI, § 6164, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1891 ; renumbered title V, § 6164, Pub. L. 114–95, title V, § 5001(a) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039 , required annual reports to Congress.

1906. Section 7331, Pub. L. 89–10, title VI, § 6201 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3709 ; amended Pub. L. 105–278, § 2(1) , Oct. 22, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2682 , related to State uses of funds.

1907. Section 7332, Pub. L. 89–10, title VI, § 6202 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3710 , related to State applications.

1908. § 7305b. Transferability of funds

1909. §7341 — Short title

1910. § 7341a. Purpose

1911. §7345 — Use of applicable funding

1912. § 7345a. Grant program authorized

1913. Section 7345(b) of this title as such section was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015 , referred to in subsec. (b)(4), means section 7345(b) of this title prior to amendment by Pub. L. 114–95, title V , §§ 5001(a)(3), 5003(1)(B), Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2039–2041 .

1914. §7351 — Program authorized

1915. § 7351a. Uses of funds

1916. § 7351b. Applications

1917. § 7351c. Report

1918. § 7351d. Choice of participation

1919. Section 7352, Pub. L. 89–10, title VI, § 6302 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3711 , related to administrative authority.

1920. Section 7353, Pub. L. 89–10, title VI, § 6303 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3711 , related to local applications for allocations of funds.

1921. §7355 — Annual average daily attendance determination

1922. § 7355a. Supplement, not supplant

1923. § 7355b. Rule of construction

1924. § 7355c. Authorization of appropriations

1925. §7371 — Prohibition against Federal mandates, direction, or control

1926. §7372 — Rule of construction on equalized spending

1927. §7401 — Sec. 2. White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Native Americans and Strengthening Tribal Colleges and Universities . (a) To advance equity in our Nation’s schools, to promote the economic opportunity that follows it, and to fulfill our commitment to furthering Tribal sovereignty, there is established in the Department of Education the White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity for Native Americans and Strengthening Tribal Colleges and Universities (Initiative), of which the Secretary of Education, the Secretary of the Interior, and the Secretary of Labor shall serve as Co-Chairs. The Secretary of Education shall, in consultation with the other Co-Chairs of the Initiative, designate an Executive Director for the Initiative (Executive Director). The Executive Director shall co-chair the Education Committee of the White House Council on Native American Affairs (WHCNAA), established by Executive Order 13647 of June 26, 2013 (Establishing the White House Council on Native American Affairs) [ 25 U.S.C. 5301 note].

1928. §7401 — Sec. 3. National Advisory Council . The Department of Education’s National Advisory Council on Indian Education (NACIE), comprised of members appointed by the President under section 6141 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA), 20 U.S.C. 7471 , shall serve as the advisory council for the Initiative and shall report to the Initiative, through and as requested by the Executive Director. To the extent appropriate and consistent with applicable law, the NACIE shall include members from across the education spectrum, including members who can provide specific expertise on issues concerning TCUs and other Native American-serving institutions, K–12 and early childhood education, special education, and vocational education.

1929. §7401 — Sec. 4. Administrative Provisions . (a) In carrying out this order, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Labor, and the Secretary of Education shall study, collect information, and publish reports on the education of Native American students.

1930. §7401 — Sec. 5. Definitions . For the purposes of this order:

1931. §7401 — Sec. 6. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1932. §7401 — Section 1. Policy . The United States has a unique political and legal relationship with federally recognized Tribal Nations, as set forth in the Constitution of the United States, statutes, treaties, Executive Orders, and court decisions. The Federal Government is committed to protecting the rights and ensuring the well-being of Tribal Nations while respecting Tribal sovereignty and inherent rights of self-determination. In recognition of that commitment and to fulfill the solemn obligations it entails, executive departments and agencies (agencies) must help advance educational equity, excellence, and economic opportunity for Native American students, whether they attend public schools in urban, suburban, or rural communities; are homeschooled; attend primary and secondary schools operated or funded by the Bureau of Indian Education (BIE) of the Department of the Interior; or attend postsecondary educational institutions, including Tribal Colleges and Universities (TCUs).

1933. §7401 — Statement of policy

1934. §7402 — Purpose

1935. §7402 — Section 7403, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7103 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3718 , authorized appropriations for bilingual education.

1936. §7402 — Section 7404, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7104 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3718 , related to Native American and Alaska Native children in school.

1937. §7402 — Section 7405, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7105 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3719 , related to residents of territories and freely associated nations.

1938. §7421 — Purpose

1939. §7422 — Grants to local educational agencies and tribes

1940. §7423 — Amount of grants

1941. §7424 — Applications

1942. §7425 — Authorized services and activities

1943. §7426 — Integration of services authorized

1944. §7427 — Student eligibility forms

1945. §7428 — Payments

1946. §7429 — Section 7430, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7120 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3727 , related to priority on funding of programs for limited English proficient students.

1947. §7429 — Section 7431, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7121 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3728 , related to coordination with other programs.

1948. §7429 — Section 7432, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7122 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3728 , related to programs for Native Americans and Puerto Rico.

1949. §7429 — Section 7433, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7123 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3728 , related to evaluations.

1950. §7429 — Section 7434, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7124 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3728 , related to construction of provisions.

1951. §7429 — State educational agency review

1952. §7441 — Improvement of educational opportunities for Indian children and youth

1953. §7442 — Professional development for teachers and education professionals

1954. §7442 — Section 2026 of title 25 , referred to in subsec. (b)(4), was omitted in the general amendment of chapter 22 of Title 25, Indians, by Pub. L. 107–110, title X, § 1042 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 2007 . See section 2021 of Title 25 .

1955. §7451 — National research activities

1956. §7452 — Grants to tribes for education administrative planning, development, and coordination

1957. §7453 — Native American and Alaska Native language immersion schools and programs

1958. §7455 — Transferred

1959. §7457 — Native American language resource centers

1960. §7471 — National Advisory Council on Indian Education

1961. §7472 — Peer review

1962. §7473 — Preference for Indian applicants

1963. §7474 — Minimum grant criteria

1964. §7474 — Section 7475, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7145 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3734 , related to graduate fellowships in bilingual education program.

1965. §7474 — Section 7476, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7146 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3735 , related to application for professional development award.

1966. §7474 — Section 7477, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7147 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3736 , set forth program requirements.

1967. §7474 — Section 7478, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7148 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3736 , authorized payment of stipends to persons participating in programs.

1968. §7474 — Section 7479, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7149 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3736 , related to program evaluations.

1969. §7474 — Section 7480, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7150 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3736 , related to use of funds for second language competence.

1970. §7491 — Definitions

1971. §7492 — Authorizations of appropriations

1972. §7511 — Short title

1973. §7512 — Findings

1974. §7513 — Purposes

1975. §7514 — Native Hawaiian Education Council

1976. §7515 — Program authorized

1977. §7516 — Administrative provisions

1978. §7517 — Definitions

1979. §7541 — Short title

1980. §7542 — Findings

1981. §7543 — Purposes

1982. §7544 — Program authorized

1983. §7545 — Administrative provisions

1984. §7546 — Definitions

1985. §7546 — Section 7547, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7307 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3743 , related to uses of funds.

1986. §7546 — Section 7548, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7308 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3744 , related to reports.

1987. §7546 — Section 7549, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7309 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3744 , authorized appropriations.

1988. §7546 — Section 7571, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7401 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3744 , related to release time.

1989. §7546 — Section 7572, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7402 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3744 , related to acquisition or development of education technology.

1990. §7546 — Section 7573, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7403 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3744 , related to notification of awards.

1991. §7546 — Section 7574, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7404 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3744 , related to continued eligibility for grants.

1992. §7546 — Section 7575, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7405 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3744 , related to coordination and reporting requirements.

1993. §7546 — Section 7601, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7501 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3745 ; amended Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 102(a)(6)(J) , title IX, § 901(d), Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1619 , 1828, defined terms.

1994. §7546 — Section 7602, Pub. L. 89–10, title VII, § 7502 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3748 , related to regulations and parental notification.

1995. §7701 — Purpose

1996. §7702 — Payments relating to Federal acquisition of real property

1997. §7702 — Section 2(c) of the Act of September 30, 1950 (Public Law 874, 81st Congress), referred to in subsec. (g)(2)(A), means section 2(c) of act Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1124 , which was classified to section 237(c) of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 331(b) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3965 .

1998. §7702 — Section 7702(f) of this title as such section was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015 , referred to in subsec. (f), means section 7702(f) of this title prior to amendment by Pub. L. 114–95, title VII , §§ 7001(c)(1), 7003(4), Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2074 , 2076. See 2015 Amendment note below.

1999. §7703 — Payments for eligible federally connected children

2000. §7703 — Section 2828(g) of title 10 (commonly known as the “Build to Lease” program), as added by section 801 of the Military Construction Authorization Act, 1984, referred to in subsec. (a)(5)(A), means the subsection (g) added to section 2828 of Title 10 , Armed Forces, by section 801 of Pub. L. 98–115 , which was repealed by Pub. L. 102–190, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2806(b) , Dec. 5, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1540 .

2001. §7703 — Section 386 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993, referred to in subsec. (f), is section 386 of Pub. L. 102–484 , which is set out as a note below.

2002. §7703 — Section 7703(b)(2) of this title , as such section was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B)(i)(III)(cc), was in the original “section 8003(b)(2), as such section was in effect on the day before the date of enactment of the Every Student Succeeds Act ( Public Law 114–95 ; 129 Stat. 1802 )”, meaning former section 8003(b)(2) of Pub. L. 89–10 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3752 , as such section was in effect prior to the date of enactment of Pub. L. 114–95 , which was approved Dec. 10, 2015 . Former section 8003 of Pub. L. 89–10 was renumbered section 7003 by Pub. L. 114–95, title VII, § 7001(c)(1) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2074 , and is classified to this section.

2003. §7703 — Section 7703(b)(2)(E) of this title (as such section was in effect for such fiscal year), referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B)(i)(IV), (D)(i)(II), was in the original “8003(b)(2)(E) (as such section was in effect for such fiscal year)”, meaning former section 8003(b)(2)(E) of Pub. L. 89–10 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3752 , as such section was in effect for fiscal year 2015. Former section 8003 of Pub. L. 89–10 was renumbered section 7003 by Pub. L. 114–95, title VII, § 7001(c)(1) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2074 , and is classified to this section.

2004. § 7703a. Impact aid for children with severe disabilities

2005. Section 7703(a)(1) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “section 7003(a)(1)” and was translated as meaning section 7003(a)(1) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, which is classified to section 7703(a)(1) of this title , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2006. § 7703b. Assistance to local educational agencies that benefit dependents of members of the Armed Forces and Department of Defense civilian employees

2007. § 7703c. Plan and authority to assist local educational agencies experiencing growth in enrollment due to force structure changes, relocation of military units, or base closures and realignments

2008. Section 7713 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(2), was in the original a reference to section 8013 of Pub. L. 89–10 , which was renumbered section 7013 of that Act by Pub. L. 114–95, title VII, § 7001(c)(2) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2074 .

2009. § 7703d. Assistance to local educational agencies that benefit dependents of members of the Armed Forces with enrollment changes due to base closures, force structure changes, or force relocations

2010. Section 301, referred to in subsec. (h), means section 301 of Pub. L. 117–263 , div. A, title III, Dec. 23, 2022 , 136 Stat. 2500 , which is not classified to the Code.

2011. Section 4301, referred to in subsec. (h), means section 4301 of Pub. L. 117–263 , div. D, title XLIII, Dec. 23, 2022 , 136 Stat. 3155 , which is not classified to the Code.

2012. §7704 — Policies and procedures relating to children residing on Indian lands

2013. §7704 — Section 1101(d) of the Education Amendments of 1978, referred to in subsec. (e)(9), is section 1101(d) of Pub. L. 95–561 , Nov. 1, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2315 , set out below.

2014. §7705 — Application for payments under sections 7702 and 7703 of this title

2015. §7705 — Section 3 of the Act of September 30, 1950 (Public Law 874, 81st Congress) (as such section was in effect on the day preceding October 20, 1994 ), referred to in subsec. (d)(4), means section 3 of act Sept. 30, 1950, ch. 1124 , which was classified to section 238 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 331(b) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3965 .

2016. §7707 — Construction

2017. §7708 — Facilities

2018. §7708 — Section 10 of the Act of September 23, 1950 (Public Law 815, 81st Congress) (as such Act was in effect on January 1, 1958 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(1), probably means section 10 of act Sept. 23, 1950, ch. 995 , as added by Pub. L. 85–620, title I, § 101 , Aug. 12, 1958 , 72 Stat. 553 , as amended, which was classified to section 640 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 331(a) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3965 . The act Sept. 23, 1950 , did not contain a section 10 on Jan. 1, 1958 .

2019. §7708 — Section 10 of the Act of September 23, 1950 (Public Law 815, 81st Congress) (as such Act was in effect on the day preceding October 20, 1994 ), referred to in subsec. (a), means section 10 of act Sept. 23, 1950, ch. 995 , which was classified to section 640 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 331(a) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3965 .

2020. §7709 — State consideration of payments in providing State aid

2021. §7710 — Federal administration

2022. §7711 — Administrative hearings and judicial review

2023. §7712 — Forgiveness of overpayments

2024. §7713 — Definitions

2025. § 7713a. School facilities for children of Government employees and other residents in Indian reservations, national parks, and national monuments

2026. §7714 — Authorization of appropriations

2027. §7801 — Definitions

2028. §7802 — Applicability of subchapter

2029. §7803 — Applicability to Bureau of Indian Education operated schools

2030. §7803 — Section 7811, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9111 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3774 , set forth purpose of provisions relating to formula grants to local educational agencies.

2031. §7803 — Section 7812, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9112 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3774 ; amended Pub. L. 104–5, § 1 , Mar. 23, 1995 , 109 Stat. 72 , related to grants to local educational agencies.

2032. §7803 — Section 7813, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9113 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3775 , related to amount of grants.

2033. §7803 — Section 7814, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9114 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3776 , related to applications for grants.

2034. §7803 — Section 7815, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9115 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3778 ; amended Pub. L. 105–332, § 3(c)(2) , Oct. 31, 1998 , 112 Stat. 3125 , related to authorized services and activities.

2035. §7803 — Section 7816, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9116 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3779 , related to student eligibility forms.

2036. §7803 — Section 7817, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9117 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3781 , related to payments.

2037. §7803 — Section 7818, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9118 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3782 , related to State educational agency review.

2038. §7821 — Consolidation of State administrative funds for elementary and secondary education programs

2039. §7822 — Single local educational agency States

2040. §7823 — Consolidation of funds for local administration

2041. §7824 — Consolidated set-aside for Department of the Interior funds

2042. §7825 — Department staff

2043. §7825 — Section 7831, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9121 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3782 , related to improvement of educational opportunities for Indian children.

2044. §7825 — Section 7832, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9122 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3784 , related to professional development.

2045. §7825 — Section 7833, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9123 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3786 , authorized fellowships for Indian students.

2046. §7825 — Section 7834, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9124 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3787 ; amended Pub. L. 105–244, title IX, § 901(d) , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1828 , related to gifted and talented Indian students.

2047. §7825 — Section 7835, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9125 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3789 , related to grants to tribes for education administrative planning and development.

2048. §7841 — Purposes

2049. §7842 — Optional consolidated State plans or applications

2050. §7843 — Consolidated reporting

2051. §7844 — General applicability of State educational agency assurances

2052. §7844 — Section 441 of the General Education Provisions Act [ 20 U.S.C. 1232d ] shall not apply to programs under this chapter.

2053. §7845 — Consolidated local plans or applications

2054. §7846 — Other general assurances

2055. §7846 — Section 442 of the General Education Provisions Act [ 20 U.S.C. 1232e ] shall not apply to programs under this chapter.

2056. §7861 — Waivers of statutory and regulatory requirements

2057. §7871 — Approval and disapproval of State plans

2058. §7872 — Approval and disapproval of local educational agency applications

2059. §7872 — Section 7872, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9152 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3793 , related to peer review of applications.

2060. §7872 — Section 7873, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9153 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3793 , related to preference for Indian applicants for grants.

2061. §7872 — Section 7874, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9154 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3793 , related to minimum grant criteria.

2062. §7881 — Participation by private school children and teachers

2063. §7882 — Standards for by-pass

2064. §7883 — Complaint process for participation of private school children

2065. §7884 — By-pass determination process

2066. §7885 — Prohibition against funds for religious worship or instruction

2067. §7886 — Private, religious, and home schools

2068. §7901 — Maintenance of effort

2069. §7902 — Prohibition regarding State aid A State shall not take into consideration payments under this chapter (other than under subchapter VII) in determining the eligibility of any local educational agency in that State for State aid, or the amount of State aid, with respect to free public education of children. (Pub. L. 89–10, title VIII, §8522, formerly title IX, §9522, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IX, §901, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1980 ; renumbered title VIII, §8522, and amended Pub. L. 114–95, title VIII, §§8001(a)(6), 8020, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2088 , 2089, 2112.)

2070. §7903 — Privacy of assessment results

2071. §7904 — School prayer

2072. §7905 — Equal access to public school facilities

2073. §7906 — Prohibited uses of funds

2074. § 7906a. Prohibition against Federal mandates, direction, or control

2075. §7907 — Prohibitions on Federal Government and use of Federal funds

2076. §7908 — Armed Forces recruiter access to students and student recruiting information

2077. § 7908a. Military recruiter access to secondary school campuses

2078. §7909 — Prohibition on federally sponsored testing

2079. §7910 — Limitations on national testing or certification for teachers, principals, or other school leaders

2080. § 7910a. Prohibition on requiring State participation

2081. §7911 — Prohibition on nationwide database

2082. §7912 — Unsafe school choice option

2083. §7913 — Prohibition on discrimination

2084. §7914 — Civil rights

2085. §7915 — Rulemaking

2086. §7916 — Severability

2087. §7917 — Transfer of school disciplinary records

2088. §7918 — Consultation with Indian tribes and tribal organizations

2089. §7918 — Subpart 1 of part A of title VII (as such subpart was in effect on the day before December 10, 2015 ), referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B)(i), means subpart 1 of part A of title VII of Pub. L. 89–10 , which was classified generally to subpart 1 (§ 7421 et seq.) of part A of subchapter VII of this chapter prior to being redesignated as subpart 1 of part A of title VI of Pub. L. 89–10 and amended by Pub. L. 114–95, title VI , §§ 6001(a), 6002(c)–(j), Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2046–2049 , 2052–2054, and transferred to subpart 1 (§ 7421 et seq.) of part A of subchapter VI of this chapter.

2090. §7919 — Outreach and technical assistance for rural local educational agencies

2091. §7920 — Consultation with the Governor

2092. §7921 — Local governance

2093. §7922 — Rule of construction regarding travel to and from school

2094. §7923 — Limitations on school-based health centers

2095. §7924 — State control over standards

2096. §7925 — Sense of Congress on protecting student privacy

2097. §7926 — Prohibition on aiding and abetting sexual abuse

2098. §7927 — Sense of Congress on restoration of State sovereignty over public education

2099. §7928 — Privacy

2100. §7929 — Analysis and periodic review of departmental guidance

2101. §7930 — Sense of Congress

2102. §7931 — Sense of Congress on early learning and child care

2103. §7932 — Technical assistance

2104. §7933 — Preventing improper use of taxpayer funds

2105. §7934 — Accountability to taxpayers through monitoring and oversight

2106. §7934 — Section 7934, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9304 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3806 , related to Alaska Native educational planning, curriculum development, and teacher training and recruitment programs.

2107. §7934 — Section 7935, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9305 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3807 , related to Alaska Native home based education for preschool children.

2108. §7934 — Section 7936, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9306 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3808 , related to Alaska Native student enrichment programs.

2109. §7934 — Section 7937, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9307 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3809 , set forth administrative provisions.

2110. §7934 — Section 7938, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9308 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3809 , defined terms.

2111. §7941 — Short title

2112. §7942 — Purpose

2113. §7943 — Definitions

2114. §7944 — Applicability

2115. §7945 — Preemption and election of State nonapplicability

2116. §7946 — Limitation on liability for teachers

2117. §7947 — Allocation of responsibility for noneconomic loss

2118. §7948 — Effective date

2119. §7961 — Gun-free requirements

2120. §7971 — Short title

2121. §7972 — Definitions

2122. §7973 — Nonsmoking policy for children’s services

2123. §7974 — Preemption

2124. §7981 — Evaluations

2125. §8652 — Section 8651, Pub. L. 89–10, title XIII, § 13201 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3880 , which authorized National Diffusion Network program, was renumbered section 1011 of the Educational Research, Development, Dissemination, and Improvement Act of 1994 by Pub. L. 107–110, title X, § 1022(a) , (b), Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1987 , transferred to section 6054 of this title , and subsequently repealed.

2126. §8652 — Section 8652, Pub. L. 89–10, title XIII, § 13202 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3882 , which authorized appropriations, was renumbered section 1012 of the Educational Research, Development, Dissemination, and Improvement Act of 1994 by Pub. L. 107–110, title X, § 1022(a) , (b), Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1987 , transferred to section 6054a of this title , and subsequently repealed.

2127. §8652 — Transferred

2128. §8701 — Transferred

2129. §9011 — Section 9010, Pub. L. 103–382, title IV, § 411 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4036 ; Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 602(a) , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1898 ; Pub. L. 107–279, title IV, § 401(d)(1) –(7), Nov. 5, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1984 , was renumbered Pub. L. 107–279, title III, § 303 , by Pub. L. 107–279, title IV, § 401(d)(8) , Nov. 5, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1984 , and transferred to section 9622 of this title .

2130. §9011 — Section 9011, Pub. L. 103–382, title IV, § 412 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4039 ; Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(1) [title III, § 307] , Dec. 21, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2763 , 2763A–44; Pub. L. 107–110, title VI, § 602(b) , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1904 ; Pub. L. 107–279, title IV, § 401(c)(1) –(5), Nov. 5, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1983 , was renumbered Pub. L. 107–279, title III, § 302 , by Pub. L. 107–279, title IV, § 401(c)(6) , Nov. 5, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1984 , and transferred to section 9621 of this title .

2131. §9011 — Transferred

2132. §9101 — General definitions

2133. §9102 — Institute of Museum and Library Services

2134. §9102 — Sec. 2. The President’s Committee on the Arts and the Humanities . (a) There is established within the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) the President’s Committee on the Arts and the Humanities (Committee) to inform and support the national engagement with Americans necessary to advance the arts, the humanities, and museum and library services.

2135. §9102 — Sec. 3. Interagency Cooperation to Advance the Arts and Humanities . (a) The heads of executive departments and agencies and White House policy councils, including those listed below, or their designees, who must be senior officials, shall advise, coordinate with, and consider undertaking joint projects and initiatives with the heads of the NEA, NEH, and IMLS, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, to advance the policy objectives set forth in section 1 of this order:

2136. §9102 — Sec. 4. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

2137. §9102 — Section 1. Policy . The arts, the humanities, and museum and library services are essential to the well-being, health, vitality, and democracy of our Nation. They are the soul of America, reflecting our multicultural and democratic experience. They further help us strive to be the more perfect Union to which generation after generation of Americans have aspired. They inspire us; provide livelihoods; sustain, anchor, and bring cohesion within diverse communities across our Nation; stimulate creativity and innovation; help us understand and communicate our values as a people; compel us to wrestle with our history and enable us to imagine our future; invigorate and strengthen our democracy; and point the way toward progress.

2138. §9103 — Director of Institute

2139. §9104 — Deputy Directors

2140. §9105 — Personnel

2141. § 9105a. National Museum and Library Services Board

2142. §9106 — Contributions

2143. §9107 — Awards and medals

2144. §9108 — Policy research, data collection, analysis and modeling, evaluation, and dissemination

2145. §9109 — Prohibition on use of funds for construction

2146. §9110 — Hearings

2147. §9111 — Administrative funds

2148. §9121 — Purpose

2149. §9122 — Definitions

2150. §9123 — Authorization of appropriations

2151. §9131 — Reservations and allotments

2152. §9132 — Administration

2153. §9133 — Payments; Federal share; and maintenance of effort requirements

2154. §9134 — State plans

2155. §9141 — Grants to States

2156. §9151 — State advisory councils

2157. §9161 — Services for Native Americans

2158. §9162 — National leadership grants, contracts, or cooperative agreements

2159. §9163 — State and local initiatives

2160. §9165 — Laura Bush 21st Century Librarian Program

2161. §9171 — Purpose

2162. §9172 — Definitions

2163. §9173 — Museum services activities

2164. §9175 — 21st century museum professional program

2165. §9176 — Authorization of appropriations

2166. §9401 — Purposes

2167. §9402 — Definitions

2168. §9403 — Prohibitions

2169. §9404 — Authorization and appropriation of funds

2170. §9405 — Coordination of Federal programs

2171. §9406 — Program authorized

2172. §9407 — Uses of funds

2173. §9408 — Reservations and allotments

2174. §9409 — Grant administration

2175. §9410 — State requirements

2176. §9411 — Local allocations

2177. §9412 — Local applications

2178. §9413 — Local administration

2179. §9501 — Definitions

2180. §9511 — Establishment

2181. §9512 — Functions

2182. §9513 — Delegation

2183. §9514 — Office of the Director

2184. §9515 — Priorities

2185. §9516 — National Board for Education Sciences

2186. §9517 — Commissioners of the National Education Centers

2187. §9518 — Agreements

2188. §9519 — Biennial report

2189. §9520 — Competitive awards

2190. §9531 — Establishment

2191. §9532 — Commissioner for Education Research

2192. §9533 — Duties

2193. §9534 — Standards for conduct and evaluation of research

2194. §9541 — Establishment

2195. §9542 — Commissioner for Education Statistics

2196. §9543 — Duties

2197. §9544 — Performance of duties

2198. §9545 — Reports

2199. §9546 — Dissemination

2200. §9547 — Cooperative education statistics systems

2201. §9548 — State defined

2202. §9561 — Establishment

2203. §9562 — Commissioner for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance

2204. §9563 — Evaluations

2205. §9564 — Regional educational laboratories for research, development, dissemination, and technical assistance

2206. §9564 — Title XIII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (as such title existed on the day before January 8, 2002 ), referred to in subsec. (c), means title XIII of Pub. L. 89–10 , as added by Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3876 , which was classified generally to subchapter XIII (§ 8601 et seq.) of chapter 70 of this title, prior to amendment by Pub. L. 107–110 . Parts A to D of title XIII of Pub. L. 89–10 , were classified to parts A (§ 8621 et seq.), B (§ 8651 et seq.), C (§ 8671 et seq.), and D (§ 8701 et seq.), respectively, of subchapter XIII of chapter 70 of this title, and were redesignated as parts K to N of title IX of Pub. L. 103–227 , by Pub. L. 107–110, title X , §§ 1021(a), 1022(a), 1023(a), 1024(a), Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1987 , transferred to parts G (§ 6053 et seq.), H (§ 6054 et seq.), I (§ 6055 et seq.), and J (§ 6056 et seq.), respectively, of subchapter IX of chapter 68 of this title, and subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 107–279, title IV, § 403(2) , Nov. 5, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1985 .

2207. §9567 — Establishment

2208. § 9567a. Commissioner for Special Education Research

2209. § 9567b. Duties

2210. §9571 — Interagency data sources and formats

2211. §9572 — Prohibitions

2212. §9572 — Section 9003 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 107–279, title IV, § 403(1) , Nov. 5, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1985 .

2213. §9573 — Confidentiality

2214. §9574 — Availability of data

2215. §9575 — Performance management

2216. §9576 — Authority to publish

2217. §9577 — Vacancies

2218. §9578 — Scientific or technical employees

2219. §9579 — Fellowships

2220. §9580 — Voluntary service

2221. §9581 — Rulemaking

2222. §9582 — Copyright

2223. §9583 — Removal

2224. §9584 — Authorization of appropriations

2225. §9601 — Definitions

2226. §9602 — Comprehensive centers

2227. §9602 — Title XIII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (as such title existed on the day before January 8, 2002 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(1), means title XIII of Pub. L. 89–10 , as added by Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3876 , which was classified generally to subchapter XIII (§ 8601 et seq.) of chapter 70 of this title, prior to amendment by Pub. L. 107–110 . Parts A to D of title XIII of Pub. L. 89–10 , were classified to parts A (§ 8621 et seq.), B (§ 8651 et seq.), C (§ 8671 et seq.), and D (§ 8701 et seq.), respectively, of subchapter XIII of chapter 70 of this title, and were redesignated as parts K to N of title IX of Pub. L. 103–227 , by Pub. L. 107–110, title X , §§ 1021(a), 1022(a), 1023(a), 1024(a), Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1987 , transferred to parts G (§ 6053 et seq.), H (§ 6054 et seq.), I (§ 6055 et seq.), and J (§ 6056 et seq.), respectively, of subchapter IX of chapter 68 of this title, and subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 107–279, title IV, § 403(2) , Nov. 5, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1985 .

2228. §9603 — Evaluations

2229. §9604 — Existing technical assistance providers

2230. §9604 — Section 3141 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (as such section existed on the day before January 8, 2002 ), referred to in text, is section 3141 of title III of Pub. L. 89–10 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3649 , which was classified to section 6861 of this title prior to the general amendment of title III of Pub. L. 89–10 by Pub. L. 107–110, title III, § 301 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 1689 .

2231. §9605 — Regional advisory committees

2232. §9606 — Priorities

2233. §9607 — Grant program for statewide, longitudinal data systems

2234. §9608 — Authorization of appropriations

2235. §9621 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply with respect to the Assessment Board, other than sections 1009, 1010, and 1011 of title 5.

2236. §9621 — National Assessment Governing Board

2237. §9622 — National Assessment of Educational Progress

2238. §9623 — Definitions

2239. §9624 — Authorization of appropriations

2240. §9631 — National Center for Research in Advanced Information and Digital Technologies

2241. §9701 — Definitions

2242. §9701 — Section 1. Policy . To contribute to the Nation’s future financial stability and increase upward economic mobility, it is the policy of the Federal Government to promote financial capability among young Americans and encourage building the financial capability of young people at an early stage in schools, families, communities, and the workplace. By starting early, young people can begin to learn the difference between wants and needs, the importance and power of saving, and the positive and productive role money can play in their lives. Having a basic understanding of money management from an early age will make our young people better equipped to tackle more complex financial decisions in their transition to adulthood, when critical decisions about financing higher education and saving for retirement can have lasting consequences for financial security. Strengthening the financial capability of our young people is an investment in our Nation’s economic prosperity.

2243. §9701 — Section 1. Policy . To help keep America competitive and assist the American people in understanding and addressing financial matters, and thereby contribute to financial stability, it is the policy of the Federal Government to promote and enhance financial capability among the American people. Financial capability is the capacity, based on knowledge, skills, and access, to manage financial resources effectively. In order to develop this capacity, individuals must have appropriate access to and understanding of financial products, services, and concepts. Financial capability empowers individuals to make informed choices, avoid pitfalls, know where to go for help, and take other actions to improve their present and long-term financial well-being.

2244. §9701 — Section 1. Policy . To help keep America competitive and assist the American people in understanding and addressing financial matters, it is the policy of the Federal Government to encourage financial literacy among the American people.

2245. §9702 — Establishment of Financial Literacy and Education Commission

2246. §9703 — Duties of the Commission

2247. §9704 — Powers of the Commission

2248. §9705 — Commission personnel matters

2249. §9706 — Studies by the Comptroller General

2250. §9707 — The national public service multimedia campaign to enhance the state of financial literacy

2251. §9708 — Authorization of appropriations

2252. §9709 — Coordinated education efforts

2253. §9802 — Definitions

2254. §9831 — Purpose

2255. §9832 — Definitions

2256. §9833 — Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate programs

2257. §9871 — Alignment of secondary school graduation requirements with the demands of 21st century postsecondary endeavors and support for P–16 education data systems

2258. §9901 — Purpose

2259. §9902 — Program requirements

2260. §9903 — Grant program

2261. §9903 — Section 9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (d)(6), was amended by Pub. L. 114–95 and, as so amended, is now section 8101 of the Act and no longer relates to highly qualified teachers. A reference in this section to “highly qualified”, as defined in section 9101 of the Act, with respect to a teacher, means that the teacher meets applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification. See section 9214(a)(2) of Pub. L. 114–95 , set out as a Use of the Term “Highly Qualified” in Other Laws note under section 1070g–2 of this title .

2262. §9904 — Grant oversight and administration

2263. §9905 — Definitions

2264. §9906 — Authorization of appropriations

2265. §10001 — Allocations

2266. §10002 — State uses of funds

2267. §10003 — Uses of funds by local educational agencies

2268. §10004 — Uses of funds by institutions of higher education

2269. §10005 — Section 1111 of the ESEA, referred to in subsecs. (c)(2), (3) and (d)(2), (4)(A), (B), is section 1111 of Pub. L. 89–10 , which is classified to section 6311 of this title . Section 1111 was amended generally by Pub. L. 114–95, title I, § 1005 , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1820 , and as so amended, does not contain a subsec. (b)(2)(C)(v), (vi), (3)(C)(ix), (6), or (8)(C).

2270. §10005 — Section 1116 of the ESEA, referred to in subsec. (d)(5), is section 1116 of Pub. L. 89–10 , which was classified to section 6316 of this title , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–95, § 5 , title I, § 1000(1), Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1806 , 1814, effective Dec. 10, 2015 , except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs. Section 1000(2) of Pub. L. 114–95 renumbered section 1118 of Pub. L. 89–10 as section 1116, which is classified to section 6318 of this title . Section 6318 does not contain a subsec. (b)(7) or (8).

2271. §10005 — Section 6112 of the ESEA, referred to in subsec. (d)(4)(A), is section 6112 of Pub. L. 89–10 , which was classified to section 7301a of this title , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–95, § 5 , title V, § 5001(b)(1), Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1806 , 2040, effective Dec. 10, 2015 , except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs.

2272. §10005 — Section 9871 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(3), (4)(C), was in the original “section 6401”, and was translated as meaning section 6201 of Pub. L. 110–69 to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 6401 of Pub. L. 110–69 as section 6201 by Pub. L. 111–358, title X, § 1002(b)(3) , Jan. 4, 2011 , 124 Stat. 4048 .

2273. §10005 — State applications

2274. §10006 — State incentive grants

2275. §10007 — Innovation Fund

2276. §10007 — Section 6311 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), was amended generally by Pub. L. 114–95, title I, § 1005 , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1820 , and, as so amended, subsec. (b)(2) does not describe achievement gaps.

2277. §10008 — State reports

2278. §10009 — Evaluation

2279. §10010 — Secretary’s report to Congress

2280. §10011 — Prohibition on provision of certain assistance

2281. §10012 — Fiscal relief

2282. §10013 — Definitions

2283. §10013 — Section 7801 of this title , referred to in par. (6), was in the original a reference to section 9101 of Pub. L. 89–10 , which was renumbered section 8101 by Pub. L. 114–95, title VIII, § 8001(a)(1) , Dec. 10, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2089 .

Title 21

1. §6 — Transferred

2. § 14a. Transferred

3. §16 — Introduction into, or sale in, State or Territory or District of Columbia of dairy or food products falsely labeled or branded

4. §17 — Penalty for sale or introduction of falsely labeled dairy or food products; venue

5. §18 — Suspension of importation of adulterated articles

6. §20 — Apples in interstate commerce; standard grades

7. §21 — Branding grades on barrels of apples

8. §22 — Barrels misbranded

9. §23 — Penalties

10. §25 — Oleomargarine, butterine, or imitation butter or cheese transported into a State subject to its police powers

11. §61 — Definitions

12. §62 — Manufacture, shipment, or delivery for shipment in interstate or foreign commerce prohibited

13. §63 — Penalties; acts of agents deemed acts of principals

14. §64 — Regulations for enforcement

15. §98 — Transferred

16. §101 — Suspension of importation of all animals

17. § 113a. Establishment of research laboratories for foot-and-mouth disease and other animal diseases; research contracts; employment of technicians and scientists; appropriations

18. § 114i. Pseudorabies eradication

19. §132 — Transferred

20. §136 — Additional inspection services

21. § 136a. Collection of fees for inspection services

22. Section 306 of the Tariff Act of 1930 ( 19 U.S.C. 1306 ), referred to in subsec. (f)(1)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 107–171, title X, § 10418(a)(5) , May 13, 2002 , 116 Stat. 507 .

23. §141 — Prohibition of importation without permit

24. §142 — Milk or cream when unfit for importation

25. §143 — Inspection; certified statement in lieu thereof; waiver of requirements of section 142; regulations; suspension and revocation of permits

26. §144 — Unlawful receiving of imported milk or cream

27. §145 — Penalties

28. §146 — Authorization of appropriations

29. §147 — Repeal of inconsistent laws

30. §148 — Powers of State with respect to milk or cream lawfully imported

31. §149 — Definitions

32. §151 — Preparation and sale of worthless or harmful products for domestic animals prohibited; preparation to be in compliance with rules at licensed establishments

33. §152 — Importation regulated and prohibited

34. §153 — Inspection of imports; denial of entry and destruction

35. §154 — Regulations for preparation and sale; licenses

36. § 154a. Special licenses for special circumstances; expedited procedure; conditions; exemptions; criteria

37. §155 — Permits for importation

38. §156 — Licenses conditioned on permitting inspection; suspension of licenses

39. §156 — Section 316 of Title 15 was omitted from the Code as superseded by section 5701 et seq. of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. Section 630 of former Title 31 was repealed by act Sept. 12, 1950, ch. 946, title III, § 301(64) , 64 Stat. 842 . Section 83 of former Title 5 was repealed and reenacted as section 5946 of Title 5 by Pub. L. 89–554 , Sept. 6, 1966 , 80 Stat. 514 . For complete classification of act Mar. 4, 1913 , to the Code, see Tables.

40. §157 — Inspection

41. §158 — Offenses; punishment

42. §159 — Enforcement; penalties applicable; Congressional findings

43. §187 — Section 186, Pub. L. 91–296, title V, § 501 , June 30, 1970 , 84 Stat. 352 , which related to congressional findings as to marihuana use, the need for a better understanding of the health consequences, and the lack of information thereto, was transferred and set out as a note under section 242 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

44. §187 — Section 187, Pub. L. 91–296, title V, § 502 , June 30, 1970 , 84 Stat. 352 , which directed the Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare to report to Congress on the current information on the health consequence of marihuana use, with recommendations for legislative and administrative action and to submit a preliminary report no later than 90 days after June 30, 1970 , was transferred and set out as a note under section 242 of Title 42 .

45. §187 — Transferred

46. §201 — Doing business without a license unlawful; employment of Chinese subjects

47. §202 — Certain classes of persons and corporations excepted; insecticides

48. §203 — Application for license; requirements; qualifications for license

49. §204 — Issuance of license

50. §205 — Display of license in pharmacy

51. §206 — Revocation of license

52. §207 — Restrictions on sales; written orders or prescriptions

53. §208 — Certain preparations and sales excepted

54. §209 — Poisons; book entry of sale; labels

55. §210 — Pharmacist; unauthorized use of title

56. §211 — Preservation of originals of prescriptions compounded and copies thereof; inspection of prescriptions by consular officers; marking containers of drugs

57. §212 — Offenses; punishment; duty to enforce provisions

58. §213 — Fraudulent representations to evade or defeat restrictions

59. §214 — Previous laws unaffected

60. §215 — “Consul” defined

61. §301 — Short title This chapter may be cited as the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. (June 25, 1938, ch. 675, §1, 52 Stat. 1040 .)

62. §321 — Definitions; generally For the purposes of this chapter- (a)(1) The term "State", except as used in the last sentence of section 372(a) of this title, means any State or Territory of the United States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.

63. § 321a. “Butter” defined

64. § 321b. “Package” defined

65. § 321c. Nonfat dry milk; “milk” defined

66. § 321d. Market names for catfish and ginseng

67. §331 — Prohibited acts

68. §331 — Section 2223 of this title , referred to in par. (e), was in the original “section 204 of the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act”, meaning section 204 of Pub. L. 111–353 , which enacted section 2223 of this title and amended this section and section 381 of this title .

69. §331 — Section 353c of this title , referred to in par. (kk), was in the original a reference to section 503B of act June 25, 1938 , and was translated as if it referred to section 503C of that Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 503B as 503C by Pub. L. 113–54, title I, § 102(a)(1) , Nov. 27, 2013 , 127 Stat. 587 , and its transfer to section 353c of this title . A new section 503B, which was enacted by section 102(a)(2) of Pub. L. 113–54 , is classified to section 353b of this title and does not relate to television advertisements.

70. §332 — Injunction proceedings

71. §333 — Penalties

72. §333 — Section 282(j)(5)(C)(ii) of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (f)(3)(B), was in the original “section 402(j)(5)(C)(ii)”, and was translated as meaning section 402(j)(5)(C)(ii) of the Public Health Service Act to reflect the probable intent of Congress because there is no subsec. (j) of section 402 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and section 402(j)(5)(C)(ii) of the Public Health Service Act relates to notification of noncompliance with clinical trial information requirements.

73. §333 — Section 353c of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(3)(B), was in the original a reference to section 503B of act June 25, 1938 , and was translated as if it referred to section 503C of that Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 503B as 503C by Pub. L. 113–54, title I, § 102(a)(1) , Nov. 27, 2013 , 127 Stat. 587 , and its transfer to section 353c of this title . A new section 503B, which was enacted by section 102(a)(2) of Pub. L. 113–54 , is classified to section 353b of this title and does not relate to television advertisements.

74. §334 — Seizure

75. §335 — Hearing before report of criminal violation

76. § 335a. Debarment, temporary denial of approval, and suspension

77. § 335b. Civil penalties

78. § 335c. Authority to withdraw approval of abbreviated drug applications

79. §336 — Report of minor violations

80. §337 — Proceedings in name of United States; provision as to subpoenas

81. § 337a. Extraterritorial jurisdiction

82. §341 — Definitions and standards for food

83. §341 — Section 1. Establishment of President’s Council on Food Safety . (a) There is established the President’s Council on Food Safety (“Council”). The Council shall comprise the Secretaries of Agriculture, Commerce, Health and Human Services, and Homeland Security, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology/Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, and the Director of the National Partnership for Reinventing Government. The Council shall consult with other Federal agencies and State, local, and tribal government agencies, and consumer, producer, scientific, and industry groups, as appropriate.

84. §342 — Adulterated food

85. §343 — Misbranded food

86. §344 — Emergency permit control

87. §345 — Regulations making exemptions

88. §346 — Tolerances for poisonous or deleterious substances in food; regulations

89. § 346a. Tolerances and exemptions for pesticide chemical residues

90. § 346b. Authorization of appropriations

91. §347 — Intrastate sales of colored oleomargarine

92. § 347a. Congressional declaration of policy regarding oleomargarine sales

93. § 347b. Contravention of State laws

94. §348 — Food additives

95. §349 — Bottled drinking water standards; publication in Federal Register

96. §350 — Vitamins and minerals

97. § 350a. Infant formulas

98. § 350b. New dietary ingredients

99. § 350c. Maintenance and inspection of records

100. § 350d. Registration of food facilities

101. § 350e. Sanitary transportation practices

102. § 350f. Reportable food registry

103. Section 350d(a)(3), (4) of this title, referred to in subsecs. (e)(1) and (k), was redesignated section 350d(a)(4), (5), respectively, of this title by Pub. L. 111–353, title I, § 102(a)(2) , Jan. 4, 2011 , 124 Stat. 3887 .

104. § 350g. Hazard analysis and risk-based preventive controls

105. § 350h. Standards for produce safety

106. § 350i. Protection against intentional adulteration

107. Section 203 of the Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(E), is section 203 of Pub. L. 108–282 , Aug. 2, 2004 , 118 Stat. 906 , which amended sections 321, 343, and 343–1 of this title and enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 321 and 343 of this title.

108. § 350j. Targeting of inspection resources for domestic facilities, foreign facilities, and ports of entry; annual report

109. § 350k. Laboratory accreditation for analyses of foods

110. § 350l. Mandatory recall authority

111. § 350m. Requirements for critical food

112. §351 — Adulterated drugs and devices

113. §352 — Misbranded drugs and devices A drug or device shall be deemed to be misbranded-

114. §353 — Exemptions and consideration for certain drugs, devices, and biological products

115. § 353a. Pharmacy compounding

116. § 353b. Outsourcing facilities

117. § 353c. Prereview of television advertisements

118. § 353d. Process to update labeling for certain generic drugs

119. §354 — Veterinary feed directive drugs

120. §355 — New drugs

121. § 355a. Pediatric studies of drugs

122. § 355b. Adverse-event reporting

123. § 355c. Research into pediatric uses for drugs and biological products

124. § 355d. Internal committee for review of pediatric plans, assessments, deferrals, deferral extensions, and waivers

125. § 355e. Pharmaceutical security

126. § 355f. Extension of exclusivity period for new qualified infectious disease products

127. § 355g. Utilizing real world evidence

128. Chapter 35 of title 44 shall not apply to collections of information made under this section.

129. § 355h. Regulation of certain nonprescription drugs that are marketed without an approved drug application

130. §356 — Expedited approval of drugs for serious or life-threatening diseases or conditions

131. §356 — Section 101(b) of the Prescription Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012, referred to in subsec. (g)(6)(A), is section 101(b) of Pub. L. 112–144 , which is set out as a note under section 379g of this title .

132. § 356a. Manufacturing changes

133. § 356b. Reports of postmarketing studies

134. § 356c. Discontinuance or interruption in the production of life-saving drugs

135. Section 1. Policy . Shortages of pharmaceutical drugs pose a serious and growing threat to public health. While a very small number of drugs in the United States experience a shortage in any given year, the number of prescription drug shortages in the United States nearly tripled between 2005 and 2010, and shortages are becoming more severe as well as more frequent. The affected medicines include cancer treatments, anesthesia drugs, and other drugs that are critical to the treatment and prevention of serious diseases and life-threatening conditions.

136. § 356d. Coordination; task force and strategic plan

137. § 356e. Drug shortage list

138. § 356f. Hospital repackaging of drugs in shortage

139. § 356g. Standards for regenerative medicine and regenerative advanced therapies

140. § 356h. Competitive generic therapies

141. § 356i. Prompt reports of marketing status

142. § 356j. Discontinuance or interruption in the production of medical devices

143. § 356k. Platform technologies

144. § 356l. Advanced manufacturing technologies designation program

145. §357 — Qualification of drug development tools

146. §358 — Authority to designate official names

147. §359 — Nonapplicability of subchapter to cosmetics

148. §360 — Registration of producers of drugs or devices

149. § 360a. Clinical trial guidance for antibiotic drugs

150. § 360aa. Recommendations for investigations of drugs for rare diseases or conditions

151. § 360b. New animal drugs

152. § 360bb. Designation of drugs for rare diseases or conditions

153. § 360bbb. Expanded access to unapproved therapies and diagnostics

154. § 360c. Classification of devices intended for human use

155. § 360cc. Protection for drugs for rare diseases or conditions

156. Section 355(c)(2) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated as section 355(c)(1)(B) of this title by Pub. L. 98–417, title I, § 102(a)(2) , Sept. 24, 1984 , 98 Stat. 1592 .

157. § 360ccc. Conditional approval of new animal drugs for minor use and minor species and certain new animal drugs

158. § 360d. Performance standards

159. § 360dd. Open protocols for investigations of drugs for rare diseases or conditions

160. § 360ddd. Definitions

161. § 360e. Premarket approval

162. § 360ee. Grants and contracts for development of drugs for rare diseases and conditions

163. § 360eee. Definitions

164. § 360f. Banned devices

165. § 360ff. Priority review to encourage treatments for rare pediatric diseases

166. Section 101(b) of the Prescription Drug User Fee Amendments of 2012, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 101(b) of Pub. L. 112–144 , which is set out as a note under section 379g of this title .

167. § 360fff. Definitions

168. § 360g. Judicial review

169. § 360h. Notification and other remedies

170. § 360hh. Definitions

171. § 360i. Records and reports on devices

172. Section 264(c) of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (i)(6)(B), is section 264(c) of Pub. L. 104–191 , which is set out as a note under section 1320d–2 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

173. § 360ii. Program of control

174. § 360j. General provisions respecting control of devices intended for human use

175. § 360jj. Studies by Secretary

176. § 360k. State and local requirements respecting devices

177. § 360kk. Performance standards for electronic products

178. § 360l. Postmarket surveillance

179. § 360ll. Notification of defects in and repair or replacement of electronic products

180. § 360m. Accredited persons

181. Section 360e–3 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(A)(ii), was in the original a reference to section 515C of act June 25, 1938 , which was renumbered section 515B by Pub. L. 115–52, title IX, § 901(f)(2) , Aug. 18, 2017 , 131 Stat. 1077 .

182. § 360mm. Imports

183. § 360n. Priority review to encourage treatments for tropical diseases

184. Section 101(c) of the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 101(c) of Pub. L. 110–85 , which is set out as a note under section 379g of this title .

185. § 360nn. Inspection, records, and reports

186. § 360oo. Prohibited acts

187. § 360pp. Enforcement

188. § 360rr. Federal-State cooperation

189. § 360ss. State standards

190. §361 — Adulterated cosmetics

191. §362 — Misbranded cosmetics

192. §363 — Regulations making exemptions

193. §364 — Definitions

194. § 364a. Adverse events

195. § 364b. Good manufacturing practice

196. § 364c. Registration and product listing

197. § 364d. Safety substantiation

198. § 364e. Labeling

199. § 364f. Records

200. § 364g. Mandatory recall authority

201. § 364h. Small businesses

202. § 364i. Exemption for certain products and facilities

203. § 364j. Preemption

204. §371 — Regulations and hearings

205. §372 — Examinations and investigations

206. § 372a. Transferred

207. §373 — Records

208. §374 — Inspection

209. § 374a. Inspections relating to food allergens

210. §375 — Publicity

211. §376 — Examination of sea food on request of packer; marking food with results; fees; penalties

212. §377 — Revision of United States Pharmacopoeia; development of analysis and mechanical and physical tests

213. §378 — Advertising of foods

214. §379 — Confidential information

215. § 379a. Presumption of existence of jurisdiction

216. § 379aa. Serious adverse event reporting for nonprescription drugs

217. § 379b. Consolidated administrative and laboratory facility

218. § 379c. Transferred

219. § 379d. Automation of Food and Drug Administration

220. § 379dd. Establishment and functions of the Foundation

221. § 379e. Listing and certification of color additives for foods, drugs, devices, and cosmetics

222. § 379f. Recovery and retention of fees for freedom of information requests

223. § 379g. Definitions

224. § 379h. Authority to assess and use drug fees

225. Section 101(b) of the Prescription Drug User Fee Amendments of 2017, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B)(ii)(III), is section 101(b) of Pub. L. 115–52 , set out as a note under section 379g of this title .

226. Section 357 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B)(iii), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–115, title I, § 125(b)(1) , Nov. 21, 1997 , 111 Stat. 2325 .

227. § 379i. Definitions

228. § 379j. Authority to assess and use device fees

229. Section 2001(b) of the Medical Device User Fee Amendments of 2022, referred to in subsec. (c)(4)(A), (C), (D), (5)(E), is section 2001(b) of title II of div. F of Pub. L. 117–180 , which is set out as a note under section 379i of this title .

230. § 379k. Information system

231. § 379l. Education

232. § 379o. Environmental impact

233. § 379r. National uniformity for nonprescription drugs

234. § 379s. Preemption for labeling or packaging of cosmetics

235. § 379v. Safety report disclaimers

236. §381 — Imports and exports

237. §382 — Exports of certain unapproved products

238. §383 — Office of International Relations

239. §384 — Importation of prescription drugs

240. §384 — Sec. 2. Permitting the Importation of Safe Prescription Drugs from Other Countries . The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, take action to expand safe access to lower-cost imported prescription drugs by:

241. §384 — Sec. 3. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

242. §384 — Section 1. Purpose . Americans spend more per capita on pharmaceutical drugs than residents of any other developed country. Americans often pay more for the exact same drugs, even when they are produced and shipped from the exact same facilities.

243. § 384a. Foreign supplier verification program

244. § 384b. Voluntary qualified importer program

245. § 384c. Inspection of foreign food facilities

246. § 384d. Accreditation of third-party auditors

247. Section 1622(h) of title 7 , referred to in subsec. (c)(8), was in the original “section 203(h) of the Agriculture Marketing Act of 1946”, and was translated as reading “section 203(h) of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946”, meaning section 203(h) of act Aug. 14, 1946, ch. 966 , which is classified to section 1622(h) of Title 7 , Agriculture, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

248. Section 381(q) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(C)(ii), was in the original “301(g)”, and was translated as reading “801(q)”, meaning section 801(q) of act June 25, 1938, ch. 675 , which is classified to section 381(q) of this title , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because section 381(q) of this title relates to food certification, whereas section 301(g) of act June 25, 1938, ch. 675 , which is classified to section 331(g) of this title , does not relate to food certification.

249. § 384e. Recognition of foreign government inspections

250. § 384f. Strengthening FDA and CBP coordination and capacity

251. § 384g. Restricting entrance of illicit drugs

252. §387 — Definitions

253. § 387a. FDA authority over tobacco products

254. § 387b. Adulterated tobacco products

255. § 387c. Misbranded tobacco products

256. § 387d. Submission of health information to the Secretary

257. § 387e. Annual registration

258. § 387f. General provisions respecting control of tobacco products

259. § 387g. Tobacco product standards

260. § 387h. Notification and other remedies

261. § 387i. Records and reports on tobacco products

262. § 387j. Application for review of certain tobacco products

263. § 387k. Modified risk tobacco products

264. § 387l. Judicial review

265. § 387m. Equal treatment of retail outlets

266. § 387n. Jurisdiction of and coordination with the Federal Trade Commission

267. § 387o. Regulation requirement

268. § 387p. Preservation of State and local authority

269. § 387q. Tobacco Products Scientific Advisory Committee

270. § 387r. Drug products used to treat tobacco dependence

271. § 387s. User fees

272. § 387t. Labeling, recordkeeping, records inspection

273. Section 201 of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 201 of div. A of Pub. L. 111–31 .

274. § 387u. Studies of progress and effectiveness

275. § 387v. Reporting on tobacco regulation activities

276. §391 — Separability clause

277. §392 — Exemption of meats and meat food products

278. §393 — Food and Drug Administration

279. § 393a. Office of Pediatric Therapeutics

280. §394 — Scientific review groups

281. §395 — Loan repayment program

282. §396 — Practice of medicine

283. §397 — Contracts for expert review

284. §398 — Notices to States regarding imported food

285. §399 — Grants to enhance food safety

286. § 399a. Office of the Chief Scientist

287. § 399b. Office of Women’s Health

288. § 399c. Improving the training of State, local, territorial, and tribal food safety officials

289. § 399d. Employee protections

290. § 399e. Nanotechnology

291. § 399f. Ensuring adequate information regarding pharmaceuticals for all populations, particularly underrepresented subpopulations, including racial subgroups

292. § 399g. Food and Drug Administration Intercenter Institutes

293. § 399h. National Centers of Excellence in Advanced and Continuous Pharmaceutical Manufacturing

294. § 399i. Food and Drug Administration Working Capital Fund

295. §451 — Congressional statement of findings

296. §452 — Congressional declaration of policy

297. §453 — Definitions

298. §454 — Federal and State cooperation in development and administration of State poultry product inspection programs

299. §454 — Section 470 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(4), was omitted from the Code.

300. §455 — Inspection in official establishments

301. §456 — Operation of premises, facilities and equipment

302. §457 — Labeling and container standards

303. §458 — Prohibited acts

304. §459 — Compliance by all establishments

305. §460 — Miscellaneous activities subject to regulation

306. §461 — Offenses and punishment

307. §462 — Reporting of violations; notice; opportunity to present views

308. §463 — Rules and regulations

309. §464 — Exemptions

310. §465 — Limitations upon entry of poultry products and other materials into official establishments

311. §466 — Imports

312. §467 — Inspection services

313. § 467a. Administrative detention; duration; pending judicial proceedings; notification of government authorities; release; removal of official marks

314. § 467b. Seizure and condemnation

315. § 467c. Federal court jurisdiction of enforcement and injunction proceedings and other kinds of cases; limitations; United States as plaintiff; subpenas

316. § 467d. Administration and enforcement; applicability of penalty provisions; conduct of inquiries; power and jurisdiction of courts

317. § 467e. Non-Federal jurisdiction of federally regulated matters; prohibition of additional or different requirements for establishments with inspection services and as to marking, labeling, packaging, and ingredients; recordkeeping and related requirements; concurrent jurisdiction over distribution for human food purposes of adulterated or misbranded and imported articles; other matters

318. § 467f. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act applications

319. §468 — Cost of inspection; overtime

320. §468 — Section 2219a of title 7 , referred to in text, was in the original “section 10703 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002”, meaning section 10703 of Pub. L. 107–171 , which enacted section 2219a of Title 7 , Agriculture, amended this section, section 695 of this title , and section 5549 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees, and repealed section 394 of Title 7 .

321. §469 — Authorization of appropriations

322. §471 — Safe Meat and Poultry Inspection Panel

323. §472 — Interstate shipment of poultry inspected by Federal and State agencies for certain small establishments

324. §473 — Grants for improvements to meat and poultry facilities to allow for interstate shipment

325. §601 — Definitions

326. §602 — Congressional statement of findings

327. §603 — Examination of animals prior to slaughter; use of humane methods

328. §604 — Post mortem examination of carcasses and marking or labeling; destruction of carcasses condemned; reinspection

329. §605 — Examination of carcasses brought into slaughtering or packing establishments, and of meat food products issued from and returned thereto; conditions for entry

330. §606 — Inspection and labeling of meat food products

331. §607 — Labeling, marking, and container requirements

332. §608 — Sanitary inspection and regulation of slaughtering and packing establishments; rejection of adulterated meat or meat food products

333. §609 — Examination of animals and food products thereof, slaughtered and prepared during nighttime

334. §610 — Prohibited acts

335. §611 — Devices, marks, labels, and certificates; simulations

336. §612 — Notification

337. §613 — Plans and reassessments

338. §615 — Inspection of carcasses, meat of which is intended for export

339. §616 — Inspectors of carcasses, etc., meat of which is intended for export; certificates of condition

340. §617 — Clearance prohibited to vessel carrying meat for export without inspector’s certificate

341. §618 — Delivery of inspectors’ certificates, and of copies

342. §619 — Marking, labeling, or other identification to show kinds of animals from which derived; separate establishments for preparation and slaughtering activities

343. §620 — Imports

344. §621 — Inspectors to make examinations provided for; appointment; duties; regulations

345. §622 — Bribery of or gifts to inspectors or other officers and acceptance of gifts

346. §623 — Exemptions from inspection requirements

347. §624 — Storage and handling regulations; violations; exemption of establishments subject to non-Federal jurisdiction

348. §625 — Inapplicability of certain requirements to catfish

349. §626 — Purchase of tags, labels, stamps, and certificates

350. §641 — Prohibition of subchapter I inspection of articles not intended for use as human food; de­naturation or other identification prior to distribution in commerce; inedible articles

351. §642 — Recordkeeping requirements

352. §643 — Registration of business, name of person, and trade names

353. §644 — Regulation of transactions, transportation, or importation of 4–D animals to prevent use as human food

354. §645 — Federal provisions applicable to State or Territorial business transactions of a local nature and not subject to local authority

355. §661 — Federal and State cooperation

356. §661 — Section 691 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(4), was omitted from the Code.

357. §671 — Inspection services; refusal or withdrawal; hearing; business unfitness based upon certain convictions; other provisions for withdrawal of services unaffected; responsible connection with business; finality of Secretary’s actions; judicial review; record

358. §672 — Administrative detention; duration; pending judicial proceedings; notification of governmental authorities; release

359. §673 — Seizure and condemnation

360. §674 — Federal court jurisdiction of enforcement and injunction proceedings and other kinds of cases; limitations of section 607(e) of this title

361. §675 — Assaulting, resisting, or impeding certain persons; murder; protection of such persons

362. §676 — Violations

363. §677 — Other Federal laws applicable for administration and enforcement of chapter; location of inquiries; jurisdiction of Federal courts

364. §678 — Non-Federal jurisdiction of federally regulated matters; prohibition of additional or different requirements for establishments with inspection services and as to marking, labeling, packaging, and ingredients; recordkeeping and related requirements; concurrent jurisdiction over distribution for human food purposes of adulterated or misbranded and imported articles; other matters

365. §679 — Application of Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act

366. Chapter 10 of title 5 and title XVIII of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 ( 7 U.S.C. 2281 et seq.) shall not apply to the panel.

367. § 679a. Safe Meat and Poultry Inspection Panel

368. § 679b. Pasteurization of meat and poultry

369. § 679c. Expansion of Food Safety Inspection Service activities

370. §680 — Authorization of appropriations

371. §683 — Interstate shipment of meat inspected by Federal and State agencies for certain small establishments

372. §692 — Inspection extended to reindeer

373. §693 — Inspection of dairy products for export

374. §694 — Authorization of appropriations

375. §695 — Payment of cost of meat-inspection service; exception

376. §695 — Section 2219a of title 7 , referred to in text, was in the original “section 10703 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002”, meaning section 10703 of Pub. L. 107–171 , which enacted section 2219a of Title 7 , Agriculture, amended this section, section 468 of this title , and section 5549 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees, and repealed section 394 of Title 7 .

377. §801 — Congressional findings and declarations: controlled substances The Congress makes the following findings and declarations:

378. § 801a. Congressional findings and declarations: psychotropic substances

379. §802 — Definitions As used in this subchapter:

380. §811 — Authority and criteria for classification of substances

381. §812 — Schedules of controlled substances

382. §813 — Treatment of controlled substance analogues

383. §814 — Removal of exemption of certain drugs

384. §821 — Rules and regulations

385. §822 — Persons required to register

386. §822 — Section 802(25) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(3), was redesignated section 802(26) of this title by Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 507(a) , Oct. 12, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2071 , and was further redesignated section 802(27) of this title by Pub. L. 99–570, title I, § 1003(b)(2) , Oct. 27, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3207–6 .

387. §822 — Section 823(g) of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(3), was redesignated section 823(h) of this title by Pub. L. 117–215, title I, § 103(a)(1) , Dec. 2, 2022 , 136 Stat. 2261 .

388. § 822a. Prescription drug take back expansion

389. §823 — Registration requirements

390. §823 — Section 105 of the Medical Marijuana and Cannabidiol Research Expansion Act, referred to in subsecs. (c)(1)(B)(vi) and (g)(2)(B)(i)(II), is section 105 of Pub. L. 117–215 , which is set out as a note below.

391. §824 — Denial, revocation, or suspension of registration

392. §824 — Section 823(h) of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a) and (d)(1), originally consisted of pars. (1) and (2). Par. (1) was redesignated as the entire subsec. (h), with its subpars. (A) to (C) redesignated pars. (1) to (3), and former par. (2) was struck out by Pub. L. 117–328, div. FF, title I, § 1262(a) , Dec. 29, 2022 , 136 Stat. 5681 .

393. §825 — Labeling and packaging

394. §826 — Production quotas for controlled substances

395. § 826a. Attorney General report on drug shortages

396. Section 1005 of this Act, referred to in par. (1), means section 1005 of Pub. L. 112–144 , which amended section 826 of this title .

397. §827 — Records and reports of registrants

398. §828 — Order forms

399. §829 — Prescriptions

400. § 829a. Delivery of a controlled substance by a pharmacy to an administering practitioner

401. Section 3204(b) of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 3204(b) of Pub. L. 115–271 , title III, Oct. 24, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3946 , which is not classified to the Code.

402. §830 — Regulation of listed chemicals and certain machines

403. §831 — Additional requirements relating to online pharmacies and telemedicine

404. §831 — Section 309, referred to in subsec. (c)(7), is section 309 of Pub. L. 91–513 , which is classified to section 829 of this title .

405. §832 — Suspicious orders

406. §841 — Prohibited acts A

407. §842 — Prohibited acts B

408. §842 — Section 825 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(16), was so in the original, but probably should have been a reference to section 305 of Pub. L. 91–513 , which is classified to section 825 of this title .

409. §843 — Prohibited acts C

410. §844 — Penalties for simple possession

411. § 844a. Civil penalty for possession of small amounts of certain controlled substances

412. § 405 of Pub. L. 91–513

413. §846 — Attempt and conspiracy Any person who attempts or conspires to commit any offense defined in this subchapter shall be subject to the same penalties as those prescribed for the offense, the commission of which was the object of the attempt or conspiracy. ( Pub. L. 91–513, title II, §406, Oct. 27, 1970, 84 Stat. 1265 ; Pub. L. 100–690, title VI, §6470(a), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4377 .)

414. §847 — Additional penalties

415. §848 — Continuing criminal enterprise

416. §849 — Transportation safety offenses

417. §850 — Information for sentencing

418. §850 — Section 242a of title 42 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 106–310, div. B, title XXXII, § 3201(b)(1) , Oct. 17, 2000 , 114 Stat. 1190 .

419. §851 — Proceedings to establish prior convictions

420. §852 — Application of treaties and other international agreements

421. §853 — Criminal forfeitures

422. § 853a. Transferred

423. §854 — Investment of illicit drug profits

424. §855 — Alternative fine

425. §856 — Maintaining drug-involved premises

426. §858 — Endangering human life while illegally manufacturing controlled substance

427. §859 — Distribution to persons under age twenty-one

428. §860 — Distribution or manufacturing in or near schools and colleges

429. § 860a. Consecutive sentence for manufacturing or distributing, or possessing with intent to manufacture or distribute, methamphetamine on premises where children are present or reside

430. §861 — Employment or use of persons under 18 years of age in drug operations

431. §862 — Denial of Federal benefits to drug traffickers and possessors

432. §862 — § 421 of Pub. L. 91–513

433. § 862a. Denial of assistance and benefits for certain drug-related convictions

434. § 862b. Sanctioning for testing positive for controlled substances

435. §863 — Drug paraphernalia

436. §864 — Anhydrous ammonia

437. § 864a. Grants to reduce production of methamphetamines from anhydrous ammonia

438. §865 — Smuggling methamphetamine or methamphetamine precursor chemicals into the United States while using facilitated entry programs

439. §871 — Attorney General

440. Section 711(a)(1), referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), is section 711(a)(1) of Pub. L. 109–177 , which amended section 802 of this title .

441. § 871a. Semiannual reports to Congress

442. §872 — Education and research programs of Attorney General

443. § 872a. Public-private education program

444. §873 — Cooperative arrangements

445. §874 — Advisory committees

446. §875 — Administrative hearings

447. §876 — Subpenas

448. §877 — Judicial review

449. §878 — Powers of enforcement personnel

450. §879 — Search warrants

451. §880 — Administrative inspections and warrants

452. §881 — Forfeitures

453. Section 881a, Pub. L. 99–198, title XVII, § 1764 , Dec. 23, 1985 , 99 Stat. 1652 , which related to production control of controlled substances, was renumbered section 519 of the Controlled Substances Act by Pub. L. 101–647, title X, § 1002(h)(2) , Nov. 29, 1990 , 104 Stat. 4828 , and is classified to section 889 of this title .

454. Section 881–1, Pub. L. 91–513, title II, § 511A , as added Pub. L. 100–690, title VI, § 6080(a) , Nov. 18, 1988 , 102 Stat. 4326 , which related to expedited procedures for seized conveyances, was renumbered § 518 of Pub. L. 91–513 by Pub. L. 101–647, title X, § 1002(h)(1) , Nov. 29, 1990 , 104 Stat. 4828 , transferred to section 888 of this title and subsequently repealed.

455. § 881a. Transferred

456. §882 — Injunctions

457. §883 — Enforcement proceedings

458. §884 — Immunity and privilege

459. §885 — Burden of proof; liabilities

460. §886 — Payments and advances

461. § 886a. Diversion Control Fee Account

462. §887 — Coordination and consolidation of post-seizure administration

463. §889 — Production control of controlled substances

464. §889 — § 519 of Pub. L. 91–513

465. §890 — Review of Federal sales of chemicals usable to manufacture controlled substances

466. §901 — Severability

467. §902 — Savings provisions

468. §903 — Application of State law

469. §904 — Payment of tort claims

470. §951 — Definitions

471. §952 — Importation of controlled substances

472. §953 — Exportation of controlled substances

473. §954 — Transshipment and in-transit shipment of controlled substances

474. §955 — Possession on board vessels, etc., arriving in or departing from United States

475. §956 — Exemption authority

476. §957 — Persons required to register

477. §957 — Section 802(25) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(C), was redesignated section 802(26) of this title by Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 507(a) , Oct. 12, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2071 , and was further redesignated section 802(27) of this title by Pub. L. 99–570, title I, § 1003(b)(2) , Oct. 27, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3207–6 .

478. §958 — Registration requirements

479. §959 — Possession, manufacture, or distribution of controlled substance

480. §960 — Prohibited acts A

481. §960 — Section 3(a)(1)(B) of the Hillory J. Farias and Samantha Reid Date-Rape Prohibition Act of 2000, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is section 3(a)(1)(B) of Pub. L. 106–172 , which is set out in a note under section 812 of this title .

482. § 960a. Foreign terrorist organizations, terrorist persons and groups

483. Section 841, referred to in the original in subsec. (a), probably should have been a reference to section 401 of Pub. L. 91–513 , which is classified to section 841 of this title . Pub. L. 91–513 does not contain a section 841.

484. §961 — Prohibited acts B

485. §962 — Second or subsequent offenses

486. §962 — Section 851 of this title shall apply with respect to any proceeding to sentence a person under this section.

487. §963 — Attempt and conspiracy

488. §964 — Additional penalties

489. §965 — Applicability of part E of subchapter I

490. §965 — Part E of subchapter I shall apply with respect to functions of the Attorney General (and of officers and employees of the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs) under this subchapter, to administrative and judicial proceedings under this subchapter, and to violations of this subchapter, to the same extent that such part applies to functions of the Attorney General (and such officers and employees) under subchapter I, to such proceedings under subchapter I, and to violations of subchapter I. For purposes of the application of this section to section 880 or 881 of this title, any reference in such section 880 or 881 of this title to “this subchapter” shall be deemed to be a reference to this subchapter, any reference to section 823 of this title shall be deemed to be a reference to section 958 of this title , and any reference to section 822(d) of this title shall be deemed to be a reference to section 957(b)(2) of this title .

491. §966 — Authority of Secretary of the Treasury

492. §967 — Smuggling of controlled substances; investigations; oaths; subpenas; witnesses; evidence; production of records; territorial limits; fees and mileage of witnesses

493. §968 — Service of subpena; proof of service

494. §969 — Contempt proceedings

495. §970 — Criminal forfeitures

496. §970 — Section 853 of this title , relating to criminal forfeitures, shall apply in every respect to a violation of this subchapter punishable by imprisonment for more than one year.

497. §971 — Notification, suspension of shipment, and penalties with respect to importation and exportation of listed chemicals

498. §1031 — Congressional statement of findings

499. §1032 — Congressional declaration of policy

500. §1033 — Definitions

501. §1034 — Inspection of egg products

502. §1035 — Sanitary operating practices in official plants

503. §1036 — Pasteurization and labeling of egg products at official plants

504. §1037 — Prohibited acts

505. §1038 — Cooperation with appropriate State and other governmental agencies; utilization of employees; reimbursement

506. §1039 — Eggs and egg products not intended for use as human food; inspection; denaturing or otherwise identifying

507. §1040 — Recordkeeping requirements; persons required to maintain records; scope of disclosure; access to records

508. §1041 — Enforcement provisions

509. §1042 — Reporting of violation to United States attorney for institution of criminal proceedings; procedure; presentation of views

510. §1043 — Rules and regulations; administration and enforcement

511. §1044 — Exemption of certain activities

512. §1045 — Limitation on entry of eggs and egg products and other materials into official plants

513. §1046 — Imports

514. §1047 — Refusal or withdrawal of inspection services; hearing; grounds; person deemed to have responsible connection with business; finality of order of Secretary; judicial review; other provisions for refusal of services unaffected

515. §1048 — Administrative detention of violative articles; duration; release; removal of official marks

516. §1049 — Seizure and condemnation proceedings

517. §1050 — Jurisdiction of district courts; United States as plaintiff in enforcement and restraining proceedings; subpenas for witnesses

518. §1051 — Other Federal laws applicable for administration and enforcement of chapter; prosecution of inquiries; exercise of jurisdiction

519. §1052 — State or local regulation

520. §1053 — Inspection and administration costs

521. §1054 — Annual report to Congressional committees

522. §1055 — Authorization of appropriations

523. §1056 — Separability

524. §1101 — Congressional findings

525. §1102 — Congressional declaration of national policy

526. §1115 — Notice relating to the control of dangerous drugs

527. §1171 — Drug abuse prevention function appropriations

528. §1173 — Transferred and Omitted

529. §1175 — Section 1174, Pub. L. 92–255, title IV, § 407 , Mar. 21, 1972 , 86 Stat. 78 ; Pub. L. 94–237, § 6(a) , Mar. 19, 1976 , 90 Stat. 244 ; Pub. L. 94–581, title I, § 111(c)(2) , Oct. 21, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2852 , which prohibited discrimination against drug abusers by general hospitals, was redesignated section 526 of the Public Health Service Act by Pub. L. 98–24, § 2(b)(16)(B) , Apr. 26, 1983 , 97 Stat. 182 , and is classified to section 290ee–2 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

530. §1175 — Section 1175, Pub. L. 92–255, title IV, § 408 , Mar. 21, 1972 , 86 Stat. 79 ; Pub. L. 93–282, title III, § 303(a) , (b), May 14, 1974 , 88 Stat. 137 , 138; Pub. L. 94–237, § 4(c)(5)(A) , (B), Mar. 19, 1976 , 90 Stat. 244 ; Pub. L. 94–581, title I, § 111(c)(3) , Oct. 21, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2852 ; Pub. L. 97–35, title IX, § 973(d) , Aug. 13, 1981 , 95 Stat. 598 , which related to confidentiality of patients’ records, was redesignated section 527 of the Public Health Service Act by Pub. L. 98–24, § 2(b)(16)(B) , Apr. 26, 1983 , 97 Stat. 182 , and is classified to section 290ee–3 of Title 42 .

531. §1175 — Transferred

532. §1177 — Special project grants and contracts

533. §1178 — Records and audit

534. §1179 — National Drug Abuse Training Center

535. §1180 — Transferred

536. §1181 — Contract authority

537. §1401 — Pesticide monitoring and enforcement information

538. §1402 — Foreign pesticide information

539. §1403 — Pesticide analytical methods

540. § 1502a. Transferred

541. § 1505a. Annual report on development and deployment of narcotics detection technologies

542. §1521 — Findings

543. §1522 — Purposes

544. §1523 — Definitions

545. §1523 — Section 1541 of this title , referred to in par. (2), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8203(b)(5) , Oct. 24, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4112 .

546. §1524 — Authorization of appropriations

547. §1531 — Establishment of drug-free communities support program

548. §1531 — Section 1542(a)(1) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8203(b)(5) , Oct. 24, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4112 .

549. §1532 — Program authorization

550. §1533 — Information collection and dissemination with respect to grant recipients

551. §1534 — Technical assistance and training

552. §1535 — Supplemental grants for coalition mentoring activities

553. §1536 — Community-based coalition enhancement grants to address local drug crises

554. §1601 — Findings

555. §1602 — Definitions

556. §1603 — General requirements; applicability; preemption

557. §1604 — Liability of biomaterials suppliers

558. §1605 — Procedures for dismissal of civil actions against biomaterials suppliers

559. §1606 — Subsequent impleader of dismissed biomaterials supplier

560. §1701 — Definitions

561. §1701 — Section 1. Policy . The use of drugs in sports has reached a level that endangers not just the legitimacy of athletic competition but also the lives and health of athletes—from the elite ranks to youth leagues. The National Household Survey on Drug Abuse issued in 1999 found that in just 1 year’s time the rate of steroid use among young people rose roughly 50 percent among both sexes and across all age groups. It is the policy of my Administration to take the steps needed to help eliminate illicit or otherwise banned drug use and doping in sports at the State, national, and international level.

562. §1702 — Office of National Drug Control Policy

563. §1702 — Section 1. There is approved for the Office of National Drug Control Policy in the Executive Office of the President an official seal described as follows:

564. §1703 — Appointment and duties of Director and Deputy Directors

565. §1703 — Section 1. General Provisions . (a) Because the United States considers the operations of international criminal narcotics syndicates as a national security threat requiring an extraordinary and coordinated response by civilian and military agencies involved in national security, the Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy (Director), in his role as the principal adviser to the National Security Council on national drug control policy ( 50 U.S.C. 402(f) ) [now 50 U.S.C. 3021(f) ], shall provide drug policy guidance and direction in the development of related national security programs.

566. §1703 — Section 1705 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), (14)(B), was amended by Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8221(a) , Oct. 24, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4134 . Subsec. (b) of section 1705 no longer relates to reports for National Drug Control Program Agencies, but similar provisions can be found elsewhere in that section. Subsec. (c) of section 1705 was redesignated (h).

567. §1704 — Coordination with National Drug Control Program agencies in demand reduction, supply reduction, and State and local affairs

568. §1705 — Development, submission, implementation, and assessment of National Drug Control Strategy

569. §1706 — High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Program

570. §1708 — Emerging Threats Committee, plan, and media campaign

571. §1708 — Section 1. Establishment . There is established the President’s Drug Policy Council (“Council”).

572. §1708 — Section 1. The Council established by Executive Order 12992 [set out above] shall henceforth be called the “President’s Drug Policy Council.”

573. §1710 — Drug Interdiction Coordinator and Committee

574. § 1710a. Requirement for disclosure of Federal sponsorship of all Federal advertising or other communication materials

575. §1711 — Authorization of appropriations

576. §1713 — Authorization of use of environmentally-approved herbicides to eliminate illicit narcotics crops

577. §1714 — Awards for demonstration programs by local partnerships to coerce abstinence in chronic hard-drug users under community supervision through the use of drug testing and sanctions

578. §1715 — GAO audit

579. §1901 — Findings and policy

580. §1902 — Purpose

581. §1903 — Public identification of significant foreign narcotics traffickers and required reports

582. §1903 — Section 1(a) of the Classified Information Procedures Act, referred to in subsec. (i), is section 1(a) of Pub. L. 96–456 , Oct. 15, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2025 , which is set out in the Appendix to Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

583. §1904 — Blocking assets and prohibiting transactions

584. §1905 — Authorities

585. §1906 — Enforcement

586. §1907 — Definitions

587. §1908 — Judicial Review Commission on Foreign Asset Control

588. §2001 — Designation of United States Anti-Doping Agency

589. §2002 — Records, audit, and report

590. §2003 — Authorization of appropriations

591. §2004 — Information sharing

592. §2011 — Definitions

593. §2012 — Establishment of clearinghouse and advisory council

594. §2013 — NMIC requirements and review

595. §2014 — Authorization of appropriations

596. §2101 — Findings

597. §2102 — Ensuring the safety of pet food

598. §2103 — Ensuring efficient and effective communications during a recall

599. §2104 — State and Federal cooperation

600. §2105 — Enhanced aquaculture and seafood inspection

601. §2106 — Consultation regarding genetically engineered seafood products

602. §2107 — Sense of Congress

603. §2108 — Annual report to Congress

604. §2109 — Publication of annual reports

605. §2110 — Rule of construction

606. §2201 — Performance standards

607. §2202 — National Agriculture and Food Defense Strategy

608. §2203 — Food and Agriculture Coordinating Councils

609. §2204 — Building domestic capacity

610. §2204 — Section 201, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(I), and section 202, referred to in subsec. (c), mean sections 201 and 202, respectively, of Pub. L. 111–353 .

611. §2204 — Section 350d of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(H), and section 321(r) of this title , referred to in subsec. (f), were in the original “section 415 ( 21 U.S.C. 350d )” and “section 201(r) ( 21 U.S.C. 321(r) )”, respectively, and were translated as meaning sections 415 and 201(r) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, act June 25, 1938, ch. 675 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

612. §2205 — Food allergy and anaphylaxis management

613. §2206 — Alcohol-related facilities

614. §2221 — Food emergency response network

615. §2222 — Integrated consortium of laboratory networks

616. §2223 — Enhancing tracking and tracing of food and recordkeeping

617. §2223 — Section 105, referred to in subsec. (d)(6)(D)(ii)(II), means section 105 of Pub. L. 111–353 .

618. §2223 — Section 350g of this title , referred to in subsec. (i), was in the original “section 103”, meaning section 103 of Pub. L. 111–353 , which enacted section 350g of this title , amended section 331 of this title , and enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 342, 350d, and 350g of this title, and was translated as section 350g of this title to reflect the probable intent of Congress because section 350g(n) of this title directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services to define “small business” and “very small business”.

619. §2224 — Surveillance

620. §2225 — Decontamination and disposal standards and plans

621. §2241 — Inspection by the Secretary of Commerce

622. §2242 — Foreign offices of the Food and Drug Administration

623. §2243 — Smuggled food

624. §2251 — Jurisdiction; authorities

625. §2252 — Compliance with international agreements

626. §2301 — Sense of Congress

627. §2302 — Definitions

628. §2311 — Identification of foreign opioid traffickers

629. §2311 — Sec. 2. The delegations in this memorandum shall apply to any provisions of any future public laws that are the same or substantially the same as those provisions referenced in this memorandum.

630. §2311 — Sec. 3. The Secretary of State is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

631. §2311 — Section 1. (a) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 7426 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 ( Public Law 116–92 ) (the “Act”) [ 22 U.S.C. 8791 note].

632. §2312 — Imposition of sanctions

633. §2313 — Description of sanctions

634. § 2313a. Designation of transactions of sanctioned persons as of primary money laundering concern

635. Section 1(a) of the Classified Information Procedures Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 1(a) of Pub. L. 96–456 , Oct. 15, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2025 , which is set out in the Appendix to Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

636. §2314 — Waivers

637. §2315 — Procedures for judicial review of classified information

638. §2315 — Section 1(a) of the Classified Information Procedures Act, referred to in subsec.(a), is section 1(a) of Pub. L. 95–456 , Oct. 15, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2025 , which is set out in the Appendix to Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

639. §2316 — Briefings on implementation

640. §2331 — Director of National Intelligence program on use of intelligence resources in efforts to sanction foreign opioid traffickers

641. §2332 — Authorization of appropriations

642. §2333 — Regulatory authority

643. §2334 — Termination

644. §2335 — Exception relating to importation of goods

645. §2341 — Definitions

646. §2351 — Finding; policy

647. §2352 — Use of national emergency authorities; reporting

648. §2353 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to fentanyl trafficking by transnational criminal organizations

649. §2354 — Penalties; waivers; exceptions

650. §2355 — Section 201(a) of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 201(a) of Pub. L. 107–297 , which is set out as a note under section 1610 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

651. §2355 — Treatment of forfeited property of transnational criminal organizations

652. §2361 — Treatment of transnational criminal organizations in suspicious transactions reports of the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network

653. §2371 — Exception relating to importation of goods

654. §2401 — Definitions

655. §2402 — Major international doping fraud conspiracies

656. §2403 — Criminal penalties and statute of limitations

657. §2404 — Coordination and sharing of information with USADA

Title 22

1. §13 — Transferred

2. Section 23 l , act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 36 , as added Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7 , 46 Stat. 1216 , which related to fees and official monies from diplomatic missions, was transferred to section 4226 of this title .

3. Section 23k, act May 24, 1924, ch. 182, § 35 , as added Feb. 23, 1931, ch. 276, § 7 , 46 Stat. 1216 , which related to establishment and maintenance of fiscal accounting and disbursing offices, was transferred to section 4225 of this title .

4. § 23l. Transferred

5. §41 — Transferred

6. §53 — Transferred

7. §128 — Section 127, R.S. § 1745, which related to regulation of fees by President, was transferred to section 4219 of this title .

8. §128 — Section 128, R.S. § 1746, which related to medium for payment of fees, was transferred to section 4220 of this title .

9. §128 — Transferred

10. §131 — Transferred

11. §136 — Section 135, act June 10, 1933, ch. 57 , 48 Stat. 122 , which related to protection of diplomatic codes, was transferred to section 815 of this title , and was subsequently repealed by act June 25, 1948, ch. 645, § 21 , 62 Stat. 862 .

12. §136 — Section 136, act July 5, 1946, ch. 541, title I , 60 Stat. 452 , which related to temporary assignment of American citizens in Foreign Service to Department of State during national emergencies, was transferred and set out as a note under section 909 of this title and subsequently omitted from the Code.

13. §136 — Transferred

14. § 211a. Authority to grant, issue, and verify passports

15. Section 1. Delegation of authority . The Secretary of State is hereby designated and empowered to exercise, without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President, the authority conferred upon the President by the first section of the Act of July 3, 1926 ( 22 U.S.C. 211a ), to designate and prescribe for and on behalf of the United States rules governing the granting, issuing, and verifying of passports.

16. §212 — Persons entitled to passport

17. § 212a. Restriction of passports for sex tourism

18. § 212b. Unique passport identifiers for covered sex offenders

19. §213 — Application for passport; verification by oath of initial passport

20. § 213a. Authority to designate additional passport acceptance agents

21. §214 — Fees for execution and issuance of passports; persons excused from payment

22. § 214a. Fees erroneously charged and paid; refund

23. § 217a. Validity of passport; limitation of time

24. §218 — Returns as to passports issued, etc.

25. §247 — Transferred

26. § 254a. Definitions

27. § 254b. Privileges and immunities of mission of nonparty to Vienna Convention

28. § 254c. Extension of more favorable or less favorable treatment than provided under Vienna Convention; authority of President

29. § 254d. Dismissal on motion of action against individual entitled to immunity

30. § 254e. Liability insurance for members of mission

31. §256 — Jurisdiction of consular officers in disputes between seamen

32. §257 — Arrest of seamen; procedure generally

33. §258 — Commitment and discharge

34. § 258a. Enforcement of awards of foreign consuls

35. §261 — Policy as to settlement of disputes and disarmament

36. §262 — President’s participation in international congresses restricted

37. § 262a. Contributions to international organizations; consent of State Department; limitations as to certain organizations

38. § 262b. Commitments for United States contributions to international organizations; limitations; consultation with Congressional committees

39. § 262c. Commitments for United States contributions to international financial institutions fostering economic development in less developed countries; continuation of participation

40. § 262d. Human rights and United States assistance policies with international financial institutions

41. § 262e. Comparability of salaries and benefits of employees of international financial institutions with employees of American private business and governmental service

42. § 262f. Promotion of development and utilization of light capital technologies and United States assistance policies with international financial institutions

43. § 262g. Human nutrition in developing countries and United States assistance policies with international financial institutions; declaration of policy

44. § 262h. Opposition by United States Executive Directors of international financial institutions to assistance for production or extraction of export commodities or minerals in surplus on world markets

45. § 262j. Use of renewable resources for energy production

46. § 262k. Financial assistance to international financial institutions; considerations and criteria

47. § 262l. Environmental reform measures and remedial measures; Committee on Health and the Environment

48. § 262m. Congressional findings and policies for multilateral development banks respecting environment, public health, natural resources, and indigenous peoples

49. Section 1301 of Pub. L. 95–118 is based on section 701 of title VII of H.R. 3750, One Hundredth Congress, as introduced Dec. 11, 1987 , and enacted into law by Pub. L. 100–202 .

50. § 262n. Congressional findings and policies respecting agricultural and commodity production

51. Section 1401 of Pub. L. 95–118 is based on section 701 of title VII of H.R. 3750, One Hundredth Congress, as introduced Dec. 11, 1987 , and enacted into law by Pub. L. 100–202 .

52. § 262o. Negotiations concerning replenishment or increase in capital; annual reports on implementation of lending policy goals

53. Section 1501 of Pub. L. 95–118 is based on section 701 of title VII of H.R. 3750, One Hundredth Congress, as introduced Dec. 11, 1987 , and enacted into law by Pub. L. 100–202 .

54. § 262p. Impact adjustment lending programs

55. Section 1601 of Pub. L. 95–118 is based on section 701 of title VII of H.R. 3750, One Hundredth Congress, as introduced Dec. 11, 1987 , and enacted into law by Pub. L. 100–202 .

56. § 262q. Transferred

57. § 262r. Annual report by Chairman of National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Policies

58. Section 2018(c) of the International Narcotics Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(6), means section 2018(c) of Pub. L. 99–570 , known as the International Narcotics Control Act of 1986, which is set out as a note under section 2291 of this title .

59. Section 262d(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(9), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–188, title XVI, § 1601(b) , Nov. 26, 2014 , 128 Stat. 2025 .

60. § 262s. Multilateral development bank procurement

61. § 1801 of Pub. L. 95–118

62. § 262t. Personnel practices

63. §263 — International Prison Commission

64. § 263a. International Criminal Police Organization

65. § 263b. Transnational repression accountability and prevention

66. § 263c. Anti-piracy information sharing

67. §266 — International commission of congresses of navigation; authorization of appropriation for expenses

68. § 266a. Transferred

69. §267 — Permanent Commission of International Geodetic Association; representative of United States

70. § 267a. Appointment of delegates; compensation

71. § 267b. International Joint Commission; invitation to establish; personnel; duties

72. §268 — International Joint Commission; salaries; powers

73. § 268b. Advances from appropriation “Boundary line, Alaska and Canada, and the United States and Canada”

74. § 268c. Limitation on expenditure of funds for compensation of International Boundary Commissioner to actual hours worked

75. §269 — Permanent International Association of Road Congresses; authorization of membership

76. § 269a. Central Bureau of the International Map of the World on the Millionth Scale; authorization of appropriations

77. § 269c. International Statistical Bureau at The Hague; authorization of appropriations

78. § 269d. Inter American Statistical Institute; authorization of appropriations

79. § 269f. International Bureau for the Protection of Industrial Property; authorization of appropriations

80. § 269g. Private International Law Conference at The Hague and Private Law International Institute in Rome; membership; appointment of delegates

81. § 269h. International Union for the Publication of Customs Tariffs; authorization of annual appropriations for expenses

82. §271 — International Labor Organization; membership

83. § 272a. Authorization of appropriations

84. § 272b. Loyalty check on United States personnel

85. §273 — Pan American Institute of Geography and History; authorization of annual appropriations for membership

86. §274 — International Council of Scientific Unions and Associated Unions; authorization of annual appropriations for membership

87. § 274a. International biological program

88. § 274b. Cooperation of Federal and non-Federal departments, agencies, and organizations; transfers of funds

89. §275 — International Hydrographic Bureau

90. § 275a. Permanent International Commission of the Congresses of Navigation; authorization of appropriations

91. § 276aa. Establishment of the Kermit Roosevelt fund; creation and composition of board of trustees

92. § 276bb. Acceptance of funds and property from Mrs. Kermit Roosevelt; purpose and use; disbursement and investment of fund

93. § 276c. Designation of Senate delegates to Conferences of the Interparliamentary Union

94. § 276cc. Acceptance of funds and property from other sources; limitation; disbursement and investment

95. § 276d. United States group; appointment; term; meetings

96. § 276dd. Income from property covered into Treasury; disbursement and investment

97. § 276e. Authorization of appropriations; disbursements

98. § 276ee. Powers of board; personal liability of members; compensation; decisions reviewable by Secretary of the Army; annual report; jurisdiction of court

99. § 276f. Report to Congress

100. § 276g. Auditing of accounts

101. § 276h. United States group; appointment; term; meetings

102. § 276i. Authorization of appropriations; disbursements

103. § 276j. Report to Congress

104. § 276k. Auditing of accounts

105. § 276l. British-American Interparliamentary Group

106. § 276m. United States Delegation to Parliamentary Assembly of Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE)

107. § 276n. United States Senate-China Interparliamentary Group

108. § 276o. United States Senate-Russia Interparliamentary Group

109. § 276p. United States Senate-Japan Interparliamentary Group

110. §277 — International Boundary Commission, United States and Mexico; study of boundary waters

111. § 277a. Investigations of commission; construction of works or projects

112. § 277b. Works or projects under treaty

113. § 277c. Agreements with political subdivisions; acquisition of lands

114. § 277d. Funds received from Mexico; expenditure

115. § 277e. Disposal of lands; issuance of licenses for use of lands; compensation for injured property

116. § 277f. Valley Gravity Canal and Storage Project

117. § 277g. Agreements to correct pollution of Rio Grande

118. § 277h. Authority of the International Boundary and Water Commission to assist State and local governments

119. § 277i. Report on water sharing

120. § 277j. Management of international transboundary water pollution

121. Section 4001(a)(1) of S. Con. Res. 14 (117th Congress) and section 1(e) of H. Res. 1151 (117th Congress), referred to in subsec. (e), relate to emergency requirements for new budget authority in the Senate and House of Representatives and are not classified to the Code.

122. §278 — Gorgas Memorial Laboratory; location; acceptance of funds from Latin American countries or other sources

123. § 278a. Annual report to Congress; examination of books and accounts

124. §279 — United States membership in the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization

125. § 279a. Authorization of appropriations for payment of United States expenses in Organization; limitation of contributions

126. Section 421 of act August 26, 1954 , cited as a credit to this section was repealed by section 8(n) of Pub. L. 85–141 , except insofar as section 421 affected this section.

127. Section 544(b) of act Aug. 26, 1954 , cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by Pub. L. 85–477 , ch. IV, § 401(h), June 30, 1958 , 72 Stat. 270 , except insofar as such section 544(b) affected this section.

128. Section 709 of Pub. L. 87–195 , cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by section 401 of Pub. L. 87–565 , pt. IV, Aug. 1, 1962 , 76 Stat. 263 , except insofar as section 709 affected this section.

129. § 279b. Integration of International Institute of Agriculture with Organization

130. § 279c. Congressional authority necessary for acceptance of new obligations in Organization

131. § 279d. Limitation on power of Conference to impose new obligations on United States

132. §280 — Representation in South Pacific Commission; appointment of commissioners and alternates

133. § 280a. Definitions

134. § 280b. Authorization of appropriations

135. § 280c. Employment of personnel with specialized skills

136. Article III of the Agreement of the Establishment of the Caribbean Organization provides that “On the termination of the Agreement for the establishment of the Caribbean Commission, signed at Washington on October 30, 1946 , the assets of the Caribbean Commission shall be and are by virtue of this Agreement transferred to and vested in the Caribbean Organization. The Caribbean Organization is hereby authorized to assume at the same time the liabilities of the Caribbean Commission and shall be regarded as the successor body to the Caribbean Commission.”

137. Article IV of such Agreement provides that “The Agreement for the establishment of the Caribbean Commission shall terminate at the end of the first meeting of the Caribbean Council provided for in the Statute annexed to this Agreement.”

138. § 280h. Representation in Caribbean Commission; appointment of commissioners and alternates

139. § 280i. Authorization of appropriations

140. § 280j. Representation in Congress; appointment of delegates and alternates

141. § 280k. Authorization of appropriations

142. §282 — Acceptance of membership by United States in International Finance Corporation

143. § 282a. Governor, executive director, and alternates of Corporation

144. § 282b. Applicability of National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Problems

145. § 282c. Congressional authorization needed for certain actions

146. § 282d. Federal Reserve banks as depositories

147. § 282e. Payment of subscriptions to Corporation by United States; dividends covered into Treasury

148. § 282f. Jurisdiction and venue of actions

149. § 282g. Status, privileges, and immunities of the United States

150. § 282h. Loans to or from International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; amendment to Articles of Agreement

151. § 282i. Increase in capital stock of Corporation; subscription to additional shares

152. § 282j. Increase in capital stock of Corporation; subscription to additional shares

153. Section 12 of act Aug. 11, 1955 , is based on section 3 of H.R. 1948, Ninety-ninth Congress, as introduced Apr. 3, 1985 , and enacted into law by Pub. L. 99–190 .

154. § 282k. Securities issued by Corporation

155. § 282l. Capital stock increase

156. § 282m. Authority to vote for capital increases necessary to support economic restructuring in independent states of former Soviet Union

157. § 282n. Authority to agree to amendments to Articles of Agreement

158. § 282o. Selective capital increase and amendment of the Articles of Agreement

159. § 282p. Capital increases and amendment to the Articles of Agreement

160. §283 — Acceptance of membership by United States in Inter-American Development Bank

161. § 283a. Appointment of officers; term of office; salary

162. § 283aa. Acceptance of membership

163. Section 201 of title II of S. 2416, as introduced in the Senate Mar. 13, 1984 , and as enacted into permanent law by Pub. L. 98–473, title I, § 101(1) [title I] , Oct. 12, 1984 , 98 Stat. 1885 , provided that: “This title [enacting this subchapter and amending section 276c–2 of this title and section 24 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking] may be cited as the ‘Inter-American Investment Corporation Act’.”

164. § 283b. National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Problems

165. § 283bb. Governor, Director, and alternates

166. § 283c. Congressional authorization needed for certain actions

167. § 283cc. Applicability of Bretton Woods Agreements Act

168. § 283d. Federal Reserve banks as depositories

169. § 283dd. Restrictions

170. § 283e. Payment of subscription to Bank and Fund by United States

171. § 283ee. Federal Reserve banks as depositories

172. § 283f. Jurisdiction and venue of actions

173. § 283ff. Subscription of stock

174. § 283g. Status, privileges, and immunities of the United States

175. § 283gg. Jurisdiction of United States courts

176. § 283h. Securities issued by Bank; reports to and of Securities and Exchange Commission

177. Article VI, section 4(c), and article VII, sections 2 to 9, both inclusive, of the agreement shall have full force and effect in the United States, its territories and possessions, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, upon acceptance of membership by the United States in the Corporation.

178. § 283hh. Effectiveness of agreement

179. Section 2 of Ex. Ord. No. 12567, Oct. 2, 1986 , 51 F.R. 35495, provided that: “The functions vested in the President by Section 210 of the Inter-American Investment Corporation Act [this section] are hereby delegated to the Secretary of the Treasury.”

180. § 283ii. Securities issued by the Corporation

181. § 283j. Increased United States participation in Bank activities

182. § 283k. Authorization of appropriations

183. § 283l. Increase in resources of the Fund for Special Operations

184. § 283m. Additional increases in resources of the Fund for Special Operations

185. § 283n. Increase in authorized capital stock; United States share; authorization of appropriations

186. § 283o. Increase in authorized capital stock and additional subscriptions of members thereto; increase in resources of Fund for Special Operations and contributions thereto; United States share; authorization of appropriations

187. § 283p. Authorization for payment of United States contribution to increase Fund for Special Operations; authorization of appropriations

188. § 283q. Articles of agreement; authorization to agree to amendments

189. § 283r. Expropriation of United States property; loan restrictions

190. § 283s. Illegal drug traffic; loan restrictions

191. § 283t. Authorization to vote on proposed resolutions

192. § 283u. Membership in the Bank for the Bahamas and Guyana

193. § 283v. Loans to the Caribbean Development Bank

194. § 283w. Increase in authorized capital stock of Bank and increase in resources of Fund for Special Operations; United States share; authorization of appropriations

195. § 283x. Subscription to additional shares; authorization of appropriations

196. § 283z. Proposal of light-capital or intermediate technologies as part of Bank’s development strategy

197. §284 — Acceptance of membership by United States in International Development Association

198. § 284a. Governor, executive director, and alternates of Association

199. § 284aa. Multilateral debt relief

200. § 284b. National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Problems

201. § 284bb. Eighteenth replenishment

202. § 284c. Congressional authorization needed for certain actions

203. § 284cc. Nineteenth replenishment

204. § 284d. Federal Reserve banks as depositories

205. § 284dd. Twentieth replenishment

206. § 284e. Payment of subscription to Association by United States

207. § 284f. Jurisdiction and venue of actions

208. § 284g. Status, privileges, and immunities of the United States

209. § 284h. Second replenishment; authorization of appropriations

210. § 284i. Third replenishment; authorization of appropriations

211. § 284j. Expropriation of United States property; loan restrictions

212. § 284k. Illegal drug traffic; loan restrictions

213. § 284l. Fourth replenishment; authorization of appropriations

214. § 284n. Fifth replenishment; authorization of appropriations

215. § 284o. Sixth replenishment; authorization of appropriations

216. Section 18 of Pub. L. 86–565 is based on section 901 of S. 2582, Ninety-eighth Congress, as reported Apr. 18, 1984 , and enacted into law by Pub. L. 98–473 .

217. § 284p. Seventh replenishment; authorization of appropriations

218. Section 101 of title I of H.R. 2253, as enacted into permanent law by Pub. L. 99–190, § 101(i) [title I] , Dec. 19, 1985 , 99 Stat. 1291 , 1294, provided that: “The Congress hereby finds that— “(1) Sub-Saharan Africa faces a virtually unprecedented condition of human misery which threatens the lives of one hundred and fifty million people; “(2) only the combined effort of both the African nations themselves and international aid donors can overcome the obstacles to economic development which have given rise to conditions of famine, declining food production, infant mortality, desertification, and deteriorating infrastructure; “(3) international relief efforts have helped to address the immediate crisis of starvation in Africa and the United States has made important contributions to this effort both bilaterally and through contributions to the multilateral development institutions; “(4) there is a serious shortfall in the external capital resources necessary to support the policy reform efforts of the African governments and to achieve the long-term development necessary to avert a chronic state of crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa; “(5) the Special Facility for Sub-Saharan Africa will have as its primary goal the implementation of policy reforms to help the African countries to help themselves; “(6) to succeed, these efforts must be reinforced by development resources; “(7) the appalling conditions prevalent in the countries of Sub-Saharan Africa underscore the need for the United States to participate in a coordinated framework with the other aid donor countries; and “(8) the Special Facility for Sub-Saharan Africa provides such a framework and it is in the humanitarian, economic, and strategic interests of the United States to participate.”

219. Section 19 of Pub. L. 86–565 is based on section 102 of title I of H.R. 2253, Ninety-ninth Congress, as reported May 15, 1985 , and enacted into law by Pub. L. 99–190 .

220. § 284q. Special Facility for Sub-Saharan Africa

221. § 284r. Eighth replenishment; authorization of appropriations

222. Section 20 of Pub. L. 86–565 is based on section 101 of title I of H.R. 3750, One Hundredth Congress, as introduced Dec. 11, 1987 , and enacted into law by Pub. L. 100–202 .

223. § 284s. Ninth replenishment

224. § 284t. Thirteenth replenishment

225. § 284u. Fourteenth replenishment

226. § 284v. Fifteenth replenishment

227. § 284w. Multilateral debt relief

228. § 284x. Sixteenth replenishment

229. § 284y. Multilateral debt relief

230. § 284z. Seventeenth replenishment

231. §285 — Acceptance of membership by United States in Asian Development Bank

232. § 285a. Appointment of Governor, Alternate Governor and Director; compensation

233. § 285aa. Capital increase

234. § 285b. Coordination of policies and operations

235. § 285bb. Additional contribution to special funds

236. § 285c. Congressional authorization needed for certain actions

237. § 285cc. Eighth replenishment

238. § 285d. Federal Reserve banks as depositories

239. § 285dd. Ninth replenishment

240. § 285e. Authorization of appropriations; income covered into Treasury

241. § 285ee. Fifth capital increase

242. § 285f. Jurisdiction and venue of actions

243. § 285ff. Tenth replenishment

244. § 285g. Status, immunities, and privileges

245. § 285gg. Eleventh replenishment

246. § 285h. Securities issued by Bank as exempt securities; suspension of exemption provisions; reports to and of Securities and Exchange Commission

247. § 285hh. Twelfth replenishment

248. § 285i. Authorization for payment of United States contribution; United States Special Resources

249. § 285j. United States Special Resources

250. § 285k. Utilization of United States Special Resources

251. § 285l. Letter of credit form for United States Special Resources

252. § 285m. Withdrawal rights covering United States Special Resources

253. § 285n. Authorization of appropriations to provide United States Special Resources

254. § 285o. Expropriation of United States property; loan restrictions

255. § 285p. Illegal drug traffic; loan restrictions

256. § 285q. Subscription to additional shares; authorization of appropriations

257. § 285r. Contribution to special funds; authorization of appropriations

258. § 285s. Additional subscription to shares; authorization of appropriations

259. § 285t. Additional contribution to special funds; authorization of appropriations

260. § 285u. Additional contribution to special funds

261. § 285v. Sense of Congress respecting membership of Taiwan in Bank

262. § 285w. Contribution to Asian Development Fund; authorization of appropriations

263. § 285x. Additional subscription to shares

264. § 285y. Additional contribution to special funds; authorization of appropriations

265. § 285z. Additional contribution to special funds; authorization of appropriations

266. Section 29 of Pub. L. 89–369 is based on section 201 of title II of H.R. 3750, One Hundredth Congress, as introduced Dec. 11, 1987 , and enacted into law by Pub. L. 100–202 .

267. §286 — Acceptance of membership by United States in International Monetary Fund

268. § 286a. Appointments

269. § 286aa. Instructions to United States Executive Director; Communist dictatorships

270. § 286aaa. Congressional notification with respect to exceptional access lending

271. § 286b. National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Problems

272. Section 1. Establishment of Council . (a) There is hereby established the National Advisory Council on International Monetary and Financial Policies, hereinafter referred to as the Council.

273. § 286bb. Elimination of predatory agricultural export subsidies

274. § 286c. Congressional authorization needed for certain actions

275. § 286cc. Sustaining economic growth

276. § 286d. Federal Reserve banks as depositories

277. § 286dd. Fund bailouts of banks; rescheduling of debt

278. § 286e. Payment of subscriptions to Fund and Bank by United States; issuance of special notes; income covered into Treasury

279. § 286ee. International cooperation

280. § 286f. Obtaining and furnishing information to the Fund

281. Section 1. Except as provided in section 2 hereof, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, hereinafter referred to as the Director, (a) shall determine, with the concurrence of the Secretary of State, what statistical information shall be provided in response to official requests received by the United States Government from any intergovernmental organization of which this country is a member, and (b) shall determine which Federal executive agency or agencies shall prepare the statistical information thus to be provided. The statistical information so prepared shall be transmitted to the requesting intergovernmental organization through established channels by the Secretary of State or by any Federal executive agency now or hereafter authorized by the Secretary of State to transmit such information.

282. § 286ff. Fund interest rates

283. § 286g. Jurisdiction and venue of actions

284. § 286gg. Elimination of trade restrictions

285. § 286h. Status, privileges, and immunities of the United States

286. § 286hh. Policy based lending for debt reduction

287. § 286i. Stabilization loans by Bank; amendment to Articles of Agreement

288. § 286ii. Limitations on Bank policy based lending; actions required to be taken to oppose excessive policy based lending by Bank

289. § 286j. Use of Fund resources

290. § 286jj. Partial guarantees in connection with debt reduction for borrower countries

291. § 286k. Further promotion of international economic relations

292. § 286kk. Discussions to enhance capacity of Fund to alleviate potentially adverse impacts of Fund programs on poor and environment

293. § 286l. British loan; authorization to Secretary of the Treasury to carry out agreement

294. § 286ll. Fund policy changes

295. § 286m. Amount of loan; public-debt transaction; disposition of interest payments

296. § 286mm. Measures to reduce military spending by developing nations

297. § 286n. Special Drawing Rights

298. § 286nn. Approval of contributions for debt reductions for the poorest countries

299. § 286o. Administration as part of the Exchange Stabilization Fund

300. § 286oo. Principles for International Monetary Fund lending

301. Section 101(a) [title VIII, § 805] of Pub. L. 106–429 , which directed amendment of the Bretton Woods Agreement Act by adding this section, was executed by amending the Bretton Woods Agreements Act by adding this section, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

302. § 286p. Issuance, purpose, and redemption of Special Drawing Rights certificates

303. § 286pp. Acceptance of amendments to Articles of Agreement of Fund approved on April 28 and May 5, 2008

304. § 286q. Limitation on allocations to the United States

305. § 286qq. Quota increase to 4,973,100,000 Special Drawing Rights

306. § 286r. United States participation in special drawing account

307. § 286rr. Approval to sell a limited amount of the Fund’s gold

308. § 286s. Consideration of basic human needs in economic adjustment programs supported by Fund

309. § 286ss. Acceptance of amendment to Articles of Agreement of Fund approved on October 22, 1997

310. § 286tt. Restrictions on use of United States funds for foreign governments; protection of American taxpayers

311. § 286u. Dollar-Special Drawing Rights substitution account

312. § 286uu. Acceptance of an amendment to the Articles of Agreement of the Bank to increase basic votes

313. § 286v. Membership for Taiwan in Fund

314. § 286vv. Capital stock increases

315. § 286w. Denial of membership or other status in Fund for Palestine Liberation Organization; United States participation in Fund if membership or other status granted; report by President to Congress

316. § 286ww. Acceptance of amendments to Articles of Agreement of Fund

317. § 286x. Assistance to private sector of El Salvador, Nicaragua, and other nations

318. § 286xx. Quota increase

319. § 286y. Promoting conditions for exchange rate stability

320. § 286yy. Opposition to assistance for any government that fails to implement sanctions on North Korea

321. Sec. 2. The delegations in this memorandum shall apply to any provisions of any future public laws that are the same or substantially the same as those provisions referenced in this memorandum.

322. Sec. 3. The Secretary of State is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

323. Section 1. (a) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the functions and authorities vested in the President by the following provisions of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 ( Public Law 116–92 ) (the “Act”):

324. § 286z. Collection and exchange of information on monetary and financial problems

325. § 286zz. Capital stock increases

326. §287 — Representation in Organization

327. § 287a. Action by representatives in accordance with Presidential instructions; voting

328. § 287b. Reports to Congress by President

329. Article 41 of said Charter, referred to in subsec. (a), is an article of the United Nations Charter.

330. § 287c. Economic and communication sanctions pursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution

331. Section 1. Arms Embargo . The following activities are prohibited, notwithstanding the existence of any rights or obligations conferred or imposed by any international agreement or any contract entered into or any license or permit granted before the effective date of this order, except to the extent provided in regulations, orders, directives, or licenses that may hereafter be issued pursuant to this order: (a) The sale or supply to Rwanda from the territory of the United States by any person, or by any United States person in any foreign country or other location, or using any U.S.-registered vessel or aircraft, of arms and related materiel of all types, including weapons and ammunition, military vehicles and equipment, paramilitary police equipment, and spare parts for the aforementioned, irrespective of origin. This prohibition does not apply to activities related to the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda or the United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda or other entities permitted to have such items by the United Nations Security Council; and

332. Article 43 of said Charter and article 42 of said Charter, referred to in text, are articles of the United Nations Charter.

333. § 287d. Use of armed forces; limitations

334. Article 17 of the Charter, referred to in text, is article 17 of the United Nations Charter.

335. § 287e. Authorization of appropriations; payment of expenses

336. § 287g. Authorization of appropriations for loan to United Nations; restrictions on use of proceeds of loan

337. § 287h. Limitation on loan

338. § 287i. Deduction of principal and interest from annual payment of assessed share of United States of budget

339. § 287j. Participation in future United Nations borrowing; promotion of pattern of financing to avoid future large-scale deficits; report to Congress

340. § 287k. Congressional expression of satisfaction that expenditures relating to operations in Middle East and in the Congo are “expenses of the Organization”

341. § 287l. Congressional declaration that United Nations take steps to give effect to advisory opinion of International Court of Justice on financial obligations of members

342. § 287m. Acceptance of membership by the United States

343. article i.

344. article ii.

345. article iii.

346. article iv.

347. article ix.

348. article v.

349. article vi.

350. article vii.

351. article viii.

352. article x.

353. article xi.

354. article xii.

355. article xiii.

356. article xiv.

357. article xv.

358. Article V of the constitution of the Organization, referred to in text, is article V of the Constitution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, which is set out as a note under section 287m of this title .

359. § 287n. Representatives in General Conference; number; citizenship; compensation

360. Section 112 of act July 31, 1956 , cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by section 305(1) of Pub. L. 88–426 .

361. Article VII of the constitution of the Organization, referred to in text, is article VII of the Constitution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, which is set out as a note under section 287m of this title .

362. § 287o. National Commission on Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Cooperation; membership; meetings; expenses

363. § 287p. Citizenship of members

364. § 287q. General and special conferences; expenses; acceptance of services and gifts or bequests of money or materials

365. Article IX of the constitution of the Organization, referred to in text, is article IX of the constitution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, which is set out as a note under section 287m of this title .

366. § 287r. Authorization of appropriations; payment of expenses

367. § 287s. Amendments to constitution of Organization involving new obligations

368. Article XIII of the constitution of the Organization, referred to in text, is article XIII of the constitution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, which is set out as a note under section 287m of this title .

369. § 287t. Prohibition against disclosure of information or knowledge

370. §288 — “International organization” defined; authority of President

371. § 288a. Privileges, exemptions, and immunities of international organizations

372. § 288b. Baggage and effects of officers and employees exempted from customs duties and internal revenue taxes

373. § 288c. Exemption from property taxes

374. § 288d. Privileges, exemptions, and immunities of officers, employees, and their families; waiver

375. § 288e. Personnel entitled to benefits

376. § 288f. Applicability of reciprocity laws

377. § 288g. Organization of American States; extension of privileges and immunities to members

378. § 288h. Commission of European Communities; extension of privileges and immunities to members

379. § 288i. Liaison Office of the People’s Republic of China; extension of privileges and immunities to members

380. § 288j. International Development Law Institute

381. § 288k. Extension of certain privileges, exemptions, and immunities to Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices

382. § 288l. The Holy See

383. §289 — Acceptance of membership by the United States; conditions

384. § 289a. Designation of representative and alternates; compensation

385. § 289b. Authorization of appropriations; payment of salaries and expenses

386. § 289c. Transfer of funds; furnishing supplies and services; accounting for reimbursements

387. §290 — Acceptance of membership by the United States

388. § 290a. Designation of representatives and alternates; compensation; loyalty checkup

389. § 290b. Authorization of appropriations; payment of salaries and expenses

390. § 290c. Withdrawal from Organization on one-year notice

391. § 290d. Enactment of specific legislation by Congress

392. § 290e. Congressional declaration of policy

393. § 290f. Inter-American Foundation

394. § 290g. African Development Fund; United States participation

395. § 290h. Congressional findings

396. § 290i. Acceptance of membership

397. § 290j. Establishment of the Fund

398. Section 1. All functions vested in the President by the United States-India Fund for Cultural, Educational, and Scientific Cooperation Act (Title IX of Public Law 98–164 , 97 Stat. 1051 ; “the Act”) [ 22 U.S.C. 290j et seq.] are delegated to the Secretary of State.

399. § 290k. Acceptance of membership

400. Section 401 of title IV of H.R. 3750, as introduced Dec. 11, 1987 , and as enacted into law by Pub. L. 100–202, § 101(e) [title I] , Dec. 22, 1987 , 101 Stat. 1329–131 , 1329–134, provided that: “This title [enacting this subchapter] may be cited as the ‘Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency Act’.”

401. Section 402 of title IV of H.R. 3750, as introduced Dec. 11, 1987 , and as enacted into law by section 101(e) [title I] of Pub. L. 100–202 , provided that: “This title [enacting this subchapter] shall be codified as subchapter XXVI of chapter 7 of title 22 of the United States Code.”

402. § 290l. Acceptance of membership

403. § 290m. North American Development Bank

404. § 290n. Appointment of members of Border Health Commission

405. § 290o. Acceptance of membership

406. § 290p. Acceptance of statute and membership

407. § 290q. Organization of American States revitalization and reform strategy

408. Section 4(8), referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), is section 4(8) of Pub. L. 113–41 , Oct. 2, 2013 , 127 Stat. 549 , which is not classified to the Code.

409. §291 — Lease of buildings, etc., for offices, living quarters, heat, light, and equipment

410. §292 — Acquisition of sites and buildings for diplomatic and consular establishments; allotment of space; credit of payments without regard to limitations of amounts

411. § 292a. Demonstration of solar and other renewable energy technologies in foreign countries

412. Section 101(a)(1) of this Act, referred to in subsec. (d), means section 101(a)(1) of Pub. L. 95–426 , which is not classified to the Code.

413. Section 2151q of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(3), was repealed by Pub. L. 96–533, title III, § 304(g) , Dec. 16, 1980 , 94 Stat. 3147 . See section 2151d(a)(2), (b)(2), (c) of this title.

414. §294 — Manner of use of buildings; contracts for construction, etc.

415. § 294a. Contracts requiring payment in foreign currency

416. § 294b. Support co-location with allied partner nations

417. §295 — Authorization of appropriations; Foreign Service Building Fund; expenditures; foreign currencies

418. §295 — Section 295b of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was omitted from the Code.

419. §296 — Duties of Secretary of State with respect to commission and properties

420. §296 — Section 295a of this title , referred to in text, was omitted from the Code.

421. § 296a. Maintenance management of overseas prop­erty

422. §297 — Acquisition of property by lease

423. §299 — Short title

424. §300 — Dispositions of property; damage payments; acceptance of gifts or services

425. §301 — Lease or rental arrangements of not less than ten years; approval by Secretary; delegation of authority; information to Congress

426. §302 — Award of contracts

427. §302 — Title II of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956, referred to in subsec. (c), is title II of act Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 841 , as added Aug. 24, 1982 , Pub. L. 97–241, title II, § 202(b) , 96 Stat. 283 , known as the Foreign Missions Act, which is classified principally to chapter 53 (§ 4301 et seq.) of this title. Section 202(a)(4) of title II was redesignated section 202(a)(3), and former section 202(a)(5) was redesignated section 202(a)(4), by Pub. L. 103–236, title I, § 162 ( o )(1), Apr. 30, 1994 , 108 Stat. 409 . For complete classification of title II to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4301 of this title and Tables.

428. §304 — Biannual report on overseas capital construction projects

429. §305 — Growth projections for new embassies and consulates

430. §306 — Contracting methods in capital construction

431. §401 — Illegal exportation of war materials

432. §401 — Section 1. The Attorney General is hereby designated under section 1 of Title VI of the act of June 15, 1917 , as amended by section 1 of the act of August 13, 1953 [this section], as a person duly authorized to seize and detain arms or munitions of war or other articles, and to seize and detain any vessel, vehicle, or aircraft containing such items or which has been, or is being, used in exporting or attempting to export such arms or munitions of war or other articles, whenever an attempt is made to export or ship from or take out of the United States such arms or munitions of war or other articles in violation of law, or whenever it is known, or there is probable cause to believe, that such arms or munitions of war or other articles are intended to be, or are being or have been, exported or removed from the United States in violation of law.

433. §406 — Interference with foreign trade

434. §408 — Use of land and naval forces to prevent exportation

435. § 408a. “United States” defined

436. §421 — Contracts by Government agencies for defense articles, services, etc., for foreign governments in interests of United States

437. §422 — Retention for United States of defense articles procured for foreign governments

438. §441 — Proclamation of state of war between foreign states

439. §444 — American Red Cross vessels

440. §445 — Travel on vessels of belligerent states

441. §447 — Financial transactions

442. §447 — Section 452(i) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, § 542(a)(12) , 68 Stat. 861 . See former section 1934(a) and section 2778(a) of this title .

443. §447 — Section 6 of Joint Res. July 3, 1952 , repealed Joint Res. Apr. 14, 1952, ch. 204 , 66 Stat. 54 as amended by Joint Res. May 28, 1952, ch. 339 , 66 Stat. 96 ; Joint Res. June 14, 1952, ch. 437 , 66 Stat. 137 ; Joint Res. June 30, 1952, ch. 526 , 66 Stat. 296 , which continued provisions until July 3, 1952 . This repeal shall take effect as of June 16, 1952 , by section 7 of Joint Res. July 3, 1952 .

444. §448 — Solicitation and collection of funds and contributions

445. §449 — American republics

446. §449 — Section 452 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, § 542(a)(12) , 68 Stat. 861 . See former section 1934(a) and section 2778(a) of this title .

447. §450 — Restrictions on use of American ports

448. §450 — Section 168 of title 8 , referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by act June 27, 1952, ch. 477, § 403(a)(13) , 66 Stat. 279 . See section 1286 of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

449. §451 — Submarines and armed merchant vessels

450. §453 — Regulations

451. §454 — Unlawful use of the American flag by vessel of foreign state

452. §455 — General penalty provision

453. §456 — Definitions

454. §457 — Appropriations

455. §461 — Enforcement by courts; employment of land or naval forces

456. §462 — Compelling foreign vessels to depart

457. §463 — Bonds from armed vessels on clearing

458. §464 — Detention by collectors of customs

459. §465 — Detention of vessels

460. §501 — Utilization of services of Government agencies to promote inter-American relations

461. §502 — Creation of advisory committees

462. §503 — Facilitating work of foreign traveling salesmen; licenses and certificates of identification

463. §504 — Transfer of hemisphere territory from one non-American power to another; recognition; consultation with American Republics

464. §521 — Military and naval assistance to governments of American Republics

465. §522 — Transmission of information pertaining to implements of war, vessels, etc.

466. §523 — Restriction in contracts against disposal of implements of war, vessels, etc., or information

467. §524 — Information on shipments to be given Chairman of National Munitions Control Board

468. §525 — Appropriations and disposition of receipts

469. §526 — Protection of patent rights

470. §527 — Purchases of implements of war, etc., from American Republics

471. §611 — Definitions

472. §612 — Registration statement

473. §612 — Section 613 of title 18 , referred to in subsec. (a)(8), was repealed by Pub. L. 94–283, title II, § 201(a) , May 11, 1976 , 90 Stat. 496 .

474. §613 — Exemptions

475. §614 — Filing and labeling of political propaganda

476. §614 — Section 1717 of title 18 , referred to in subsec. (d), was in the original “ section 1 of title XII of the Act of June 15, 1917 ( 40 Stat. 230 )” which was classified to section 343 of former Title 18, Criminal Code and Criminal Procedure. “ Section 1717 of title 18 ” substituted for “ section 343 of title 18 ” on authority of act June 25, 1948, ch. 645 , 62 Stat. 683 , section 1 of which enacted Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

477. §615 — Books and records

478. §616 — Public examination of official records; transmittal of records and information

479. §617 — Liability of officers

480. §617 — Section 7 of act June 8, 1938 , prior to the general amendment of that act by act Apr. 29, 1942 , provided for the effective date of the 1938 act. See Effective Date note set out under section 611 of this title .

481. §618 — Enforcement and penalties

482. §619 — Territorial applicability of subchapter

483. §620 — Rules and regulations

484. §621 — Reports to Congress

485. §701 — Definitions

486. §702 — Arrest of offenders

487. §703 — Attendance of witnesses

488. §704 — Immunities of courts and witnesses

489. §705 — Imprisonment

490. §706 — Operative effect dependent upon Presidential finding

491. §1198 — Section 1197, R.S. § 1731, which related to posting rates of fees, was transferred to section 4216 of this title .

492. §1198 — Section 1198, R.S. § 1734; Dec. 21, 1898, ch. 36, § 3 , 30 Stat. 771 , which related to embezzlement of fees or of effects of American citizens, was transferred to section 4217 of this title .

493. §1198 — Transferred

494. §1354 — Part 2 of subchapter I, referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code. See Codification note set out under section 1261 of this title .

495. §1354 — Quotas on Philippine articles

496. §1355 — Section 2470(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code, referred to in text, is a reference to section 2470(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939. Section 2470 was repealed by section 7851 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, Title 26, and was reenacted as sections 4511 and 4513 of Title 26. The Internal Revenue Code of 1954 was redesignated the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 by Pub. L. 99–514, § 2 , Oct. 22, 1986 , 100 Stat. 2095 . Sections 4511 and 4513 of Title 26 were repealed by Pub. L. 87–456, title III, § 302(d) , May 24, 1962 , 76 Stat. 77 , effective Aug. 31, 1963 .

497. §1355 — Suspension of processing tax on coconut oil

498. §1356 — Section 19 of the Act of March 24, 1934 ( 48 Stat. 456 , ch. 84), as added to such Act by section 6 of the Act of August 7, 1939 ( 53 Stat. 1232 , ch. 502), referred to in text, was classified to section 1248 of Title 48 , Territories and Insular Possessions, which was omitted from the Code.

499. §1356 — Section 4 of the Act of March 8, 1902 ( 32 Stat. 54 , ch. 140), referred to in text, was classified to section 123a of Title 19 , Customs Duties, and was transferred to section 3343(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, and subsequently repealed by act Apr. 30, 1946, ch. 244, title V, § 506(b) , 60 Stat. 157 , eff. July 4, 1946 .

500. §1356 — Termination of payments into Philippine treasury

501. §1357 — Trade agreements with the Philippines

502. §1358 — Rights of third countries

503. §1360 — Definitions

504. §1360 — Section 3500 of the Internal Revenue Code, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(E), (8)(A), is reference to section 3500 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, which was repealed by section 7851 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, Title 26. The Internal Revenue Code of 1954 was redesignated the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 by Pub. L. 99–514, § 2 , Oct. 22, 1986 , 100 Stat. 2095 . See section 4501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

505. §1373 — Suspension of Philippine Trade Act of 1946

506. §1381 — Retention by United States of title to real and personal property

507. §1382 — Administration of the Trading With the Enemy Act in Philippines

508. §1383 — Transfer of property by President of United States

509. §1384 — Transfer of shares of corporations owning agricultural lands; consideration; indemnification

510. §1385 — Ownership of naval reservations, diplomatic property, etc., unaffected

511. §1386 — Definitions

512. §1391 — Transfer of property and rights to Philippine Commonwealth

513. §1392 — Acquisition of military and naval bases by United States

514. §1393 — Section 1333 of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(2), was omitted from the Code.

515. §1393 — Supplementary sinking fund for bond payments; purchase of bonds by United States; creation of special trust account

516. §1394 — Recognition of Philippine independence

517. §1395 — Definitions

518. §1395 — Section 1101 of title 7 , referred to in subsec. (a)(5), was omitted from the Code.

519. §1431 — Congressional declaration of objectives

520. §1432 — Information on United States participation in United Nations

521. §1433 — Definitions

522. §1435 — Delegation of authority by Secretary

523. §1436 — Restriction on disclosure of information

524. §1437 — Utilization of private agencies

525. §1438 — Section 3306 of title 5 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 95–228, § 1 , Feb. 10, 1978 , 92 Stat. 25 .

526. §1438 — Section 3319 of title 5 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 95–454, title III, § 307(h)(1) , Oct. 13, 1978 , 92 Stat. 1149 .

527. §1438 — Section 3364 of title 5 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 94–183, § 2(6) , Dec. 31, 1975 , 89 Stat. 1057 .

528. §1438 — Veterans’ preference

529. §1442 — Informational media guaranties

530. §1442 — Section 1476(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (h)(4), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–277, div. G , subdiv. A, title XIII, § 1336(1), Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–790 .

531. §1442 — Section 1509 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (b) and (g), was repealed by act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, § 542(a)(4) , (6), (9), (10), (11), 68 Stat. 861 . See section 1754 et seq. of this title.

532. §1442 — Section 1933 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a), (c), (e), and (g), was repealed by Pub. L. 87–195 , pt. III, § 642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961 , 75 Stat. 460 . See section 2351 of this title .

533. §1442 — Section 544(a), (g) of act Aug. 26, 1954 , cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by section 11(b)(1) of Pub. L. 85–141 , except in so far as section 544(a), (g) affected this section.

534. § 1442a. National security measures

535. Section 101 of the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 101 of Pub. L. 105–272 , title I, Oct. 20, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2397 , which is not classified to the Code.

536. §1447 — Books and materials

537. §1448 — Assistance to certain institutions abroad founded or sponsored by United States citizens

538. §1451 — Assignment of Government employees to requesting countries; governing regulations

539. §1452 — Status and allowances of assigned personnel

540. §1453 — Acceptance of office under foreign governments of assigned personnel; oath of allegiance

541. §1456 — Section 1439 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 96–470, title I, § 117 , Oct. 19, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2240 .

542. §1456 — Utilization of facilities and personnel of other Government agencies; reimbursement to agencies; report to Congress

543. §1457 — Rendition of technical and other services to foreign governments; limitations

544. §1458 — Policy governing rendition of services

545. §1461 — General authorization

546. §1461 — Section 1. (a) Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1977 (42 FR 62461), which establishes the International Communication Agency, except for Section 7(a)(14) thereof, is hereby effective.

547. § 1461b. Indemnification of owners of short-wave radio facilities against loss or damage

548. §1462 — Policies governing information activities

549. §1464 — Voice of America/Europe

550. § 1464a. Broadcasting Board of Governors satellite and television

551. § 1464b. Voice of America hiring practices

552. §1465 — Congressional findings and declaration of purposes

553. § 1465a. Additional functions of Broadcasting Board of Governors

554. Section 1463 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (c) and (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–236, title III, § 315(a) , Apr. 30, 1994 , 108 Stat. 445 .

555. § 1465aa. Findings and purposes

556. § 1465b. Cuba Service

557. § 1465bb. Television broadcasting to Cuba

558. § 1465c. Advisory Board for Cuba Broadcasting

559. § 1465cc. Television Marti Service

560. § 1465d. Assistance from other government agencies

561. § 1465dd. Assistance from other Government agencies

562. § 1465e. Compensation for Cuban interference with broadcasting in United States

563. § 1465ee. Authorization of appropriations

564. Section 201, referred to in subsec. (a), means section 201 of Pub. L. 101–246 , title II, Feb. 16, 1990 , 104 Stat. 48 , which was not classified to the Code.

565. Title V of the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1989 ( Public Law 100–459 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is title V of Pub. L. 100–459 , Oct. 1, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2213 , which was not classified to the Code.

566. § 1465f. Authorization of appropriations

567. § 1465ff. Definitions

568. Section 153 of title 47 , referred to in pars. (1) and (2), was subsequently amended, and section 153(c) no longer defines “licensee”. However, such term is defined elsewhere in that section.

569. §1469 — United States Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy

570. §1471 — Authority of Secretary of State

571. §1471 — Section 322 of the Act of June 30, 1932 , referred to in par. (3), is section 322 of act June 30, 1932, ch. 314 , 47 Stat. 412 , which was classified to section 278a of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, and was repealed by Pub. L. 100–678, § 7 , Nov. 17, 1988 , 102 Stat. 4052 .

572. §1472 — Department of State and other Government agencies

573. §1472 — Section 1. Determination . It is hereby determined that it is necessary, in order to carry out the functions transferred to the Director of the United States Information Agency (hereinafter referred to as the Director) by the provisions of subsections (a), (b), and (c) of section 2 of the said Reorganization Plan No. 8 of 1953, to authorize the Director to exercise, in relation to respective functions so transferred, the authority specified in sections 2 and 3 hereof.

574. §1473 — Use of existing Government property and facilities

575. §1474 — Additional authority of Secretary of State or other Government agency authorized to administer provisions

576. §1475 — Travel expenses

577. § 1475a. Replacement of passenger motor vehicles

578. § 1475d. Compensation for disability or death

579. § 1475e. Use of English-teaching program fees

580. § 1475g. Overseas public diplomacy posts and personnel overseas

581. § 1475h. Overseas public diplomacy grants

582. §1477 — Transfer of funds

583. § 1477c. Notification and award of grants

584. §1478 — Reimbursement of program expenses from sources other than appropriations; disposition of receipts

585. §1479 — Advancement of funds, property, or services by foreign governments; disposition; availability; return of unexpended balances or property

586. §1621 — Definitions

587. §1622 — Establishment of International Claims Commission

588. § 1622a. Transfer of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States to Department of Justice

589. § 1622b. Transfer of functions, powers, and duties of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States

590. § 1622c. Membership of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States

591. § 1622d. Appointment and compensation of officers and employees of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States; allowances and benefits; utilization of other Federal facilities

592. Title IX of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, as amended, referred to in text, is title IX of act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957 , 60 Stat. 1025 , as amended, which was classified generally to subchapter IX (§§ 1131–1160) of chapter 14 of this title, and was repealed by section 2205(1) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, Pub. L. 96–465, title II , Oct. 17, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2159 . The Foreign Service Act of 1980 is classified principally to chapter 52 (§ 3901 et seq.) of this title. Section 2401(c) of the 1980 Act ( 22 U.S.C. 4172(c) ) provides in part that references in law to provisions of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 shall be deemed to include reference to the corresponding provisions of the 1980 Act. For provisions corresponding to title IX of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, see Table preceding section 801 of this title .

593. § 1622e. Vesting of all non-adjudicatory functions, powers, and duties in Chairman of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States

594. § 1622f. Administrative support and services to Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States by Attorney General

595. § 1622g. Independence of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States; finality of Commission decisions

596. §1623 — Claims

597. §1624 — Certification of awards; certification of claims

598. §1626 — Payments

599. §1627 — Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(A), was comprised of sections 1 to 482 of former Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. Section 14 of former Title 26 was repealed by act Oct. 20, 1951, ch. 521, title I , pt. II, § 121(g), 65 Stat. 469 . Sections 34 and 185 of former Title 26 were repealed by act Feb. 25, 1944, ch. 63, title I , §§ 106(c)(2), 107(a), 58 Stat. 31 . Sections 264 and 363 of former Title 26 were repealed by act Oct. 21, 1942, ch. 619, title I , §§ 159(e), 170(a), 56 Stat. 860 , 878. Sections 430 to 474 of former Title 26 were omitted, and subsequently, along with the remaining sections of former Title 26 comprising chapter 1, except sections 143 and 144, were repealed by sections 7851(a)(1)(A) of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. Sections 143 and 144 of former Title 26 were repealed by section 7851(a)(1)(B) of Title 26 .

600. §1627 — Chapter 2A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(A), was comprised of sections 500 to 511 of former Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. Sections 500 to 511 were repealed by section 7851(a)(1)(A) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

601. §1627 — Chapter 2B of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(A), was comprised of sections 600 to 605 of former Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. Sections 600 to 605 were repealed by act Nov. 8, 1945, ch. 453, title II, § 202 , 59 Stat. 574 , eff. with respect to taxable years ending June 30, 1946 .

602. §1627 — Chapter 2D of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(A), was comprised of sections 700 to 706 of former Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. Sections 700 to 716 were repealed by section 7851(a)(1)(A) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

603. §1627 — Chapter 2E of the Internal Revenue Code of 1939, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(A), was comprised of sections 710 to 784 of former Title 26, Internal Revenue Code. Sections 710 to 736, 740, 742 to 744, 750, 751, 760, 761 and 780 to 784 were repealed by act Nov. 8, 1945, ch. 453, title I, § 122(a) , 59 Stat. 568 . Section 741 was repealed by act Oct. 21, 1942, ch. 619, title II , §§ 224(b), 228(b), 56 Stat. 920 , 925. Section 752 was repealed by act Oct. 21, 1942, ch. 619, title II, § 229(a)(1) , 56 Stat. 931 , eff. as of Oct. 8, 1940 .

604. §1627 — Creation of special funds in Treasury

605. §1631 — Definitions

606. § 1631a. Property owned by Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania or any national thereof

607. § 1631b. Cancellation and issuance of shares of stock or other beneficial interest in corporation

608. § 1631c. Filing of order of conveyance

609. § 1631d. Acquittance and discharge of obligation

610. § 1631e. Rules by district courts; appeals

611. § 1631f. Claims to vested property

612. § 1631g. Payment of debts

613. § 1631h. Hearings on claims; rules and regulations; delegation of powers

614. § 1631i. Limitations

615. § 1631j. Fees of agents, attorneys, or representatives

616. § 1631k. Taxes

617. § 1631l. Determination of expenses and time for filing suit, notice of claim and debt claim

618. § 1631m. Lien, attachment, garnishment, etc., of transferred property

619. § 1631n. Penalties

620. § 1631o. Eligibility for return of interest in property

621. §1641 — Definitions

622. § 1641a. Claims funds

623. § 1641b. Claims of nationals of the United States against Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania

624. § 1641c. Claims of nationals of the United States against Italy

625. § 1641d. Claims of nationals of the United States against the Soviet Union

626. § 1641e. Filing of claims; notice in Federal Register

627. § 1641f. Amount of award

628. § 1641g. Certification of awards

629. § 1641h. Funds for payment of claims

630. § 1641i. Payment of awards

631. § 1641j. Claims by corporations or other legal entities

632. § 1641k. Prohibition against payment of award to collaborators or disloyal persons

633. § 1641l. Unpaid balance of claim; claims of United States unaffected

634. § 1641m. Finality of action of Commission

635. § 1641n. Appropriations

636. § 1641o. Time limitation on completion of affairs of Commission

637. § 1641p. Fees of agents, attorneys, or representatives

638. § 1641q. Applicability of administrative provisions of subchapter I

639. §1642 — Definitions

640. § 1642a. Financial provisions

641. § 1642b. Claims against United States; jurisdiction; limitation; preference; reserve fund

642. § 1642c. Determination of validity and amount of claims

643. § 1642d. Nationality requirements

644. § 1642e. Claims based on ownership interest in corporations or other legal entities

645. § 1642f. Prevention of double benefits

646. § 1642g. Consolidated awards

647. § 1642h. Prohibition against payment of award to certain persons

648. § 1642i. Certification of awards

649. § 1642j. Time for filing of claims; notice

650. § 1642k. Time limitation on completion of affairs of Commission

651. § 1642l. Payment of awards

652. § 1642m. Fees of attorneys; limitation; penalty

653. § 1642n. Transfer of records

654. § 1642o. Applicability of administrative provisions of subchapter I

655. § 1642p. Authorization of appropriations

656. §1643 — Congressional declaration of purpose

657. § 1643a. Definitions

658. § 1643b. Receipt of claims; determination of amount and validity

659. § 1643c. Ownership of claims by nationals

660. § 1643d. Claims based on ownership interest in or debt or other obligations owing by corporations or other legal entities

661. § 1643e. Offsets

662. § 1643f. Action of Commission with respect to claims

663. § 1643g. Transfer of records

664. § 1643h. Applicability of administrative provisions of subchapter I

665. § 1643i. Time limitation on completion of affairs of Commission

666. § 1643j. Authorization of appropriations

667. § 1643k. Fees for services; limitation; penalty

668. § 1643l. Determination of ownership of claims referred by district courts of the United States

669. § 1643m. Exclusivity of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission certification procedure

670. §1644 — Congressional declaration of purpose

671. §1644 — Section 119 of H.R. 2076, One Hundred Fourth Congress, as passed by the House of Representatives on Dec. 6, 1995 , and as enacted into law by Pub. L. 104–91, title I, § 101(a) , Jan. 6, 1996 , 110 Stat. 11 , as amended by Pub. L. 104–99, title II, § 211 , Jan. 26, 1996 , 110 Stat. 37 , provided that: “(a) Authority of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission .— The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States (the ‘Commission’) is authorized to receive and determine the validity and amount of claims by nationals of the United States against the Federal Republic of Germany covered by Article 2(2) of the Agreement Between the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Government of the United States of America Concerning Final Benefits to Certain United States Nationals Who Were Victims of National Socialist Measures of Persecution, entered into force September 19, 1995 (the ‘Agreement’). In deciding such claims, the Commission shall be guided by the criteria applied by the Department of State in determining the validity and amount of the claims covered by and settled under Article 2(1) of the Agreement. “(b) Application of Other Laws .— Except to the extent inconsistent with the provisions of this section, the provisions of title I of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 ( 22 U.S.C. 1621 et sec. [sic]), except for section 7(b) ( 22 U.S.C. 1626(b) ), shall apply with respect to claims under this section. Any reference in such provisions to ‘this title’ [‘this subchapter’] shall be deemed to refer to those provisions and to this section. “(c) Certification and Payment .— “(1) Not later than two years after the entry into force of the Agreement, the Commission shall certify to the Secretary of State, in writing, its determinations as to the validity and amount of the claims authorized for decision under subsection (a). “(2) In the case of claims found to be compensable under subsection (a), the Commission shall certify the awards entered in the claims to the Secretary of the Treasury in accordance with section 5 of title I of the International Claims Settlement Act of 1949 ( 22 U.S.C. 1624 ). Such awards shall be paid in accordance with subsections (a) and (c)–(f) of section 7 of such title ( 22 U.S.C. 1626 ) out of a special fund established in accordance with section 8 of such title ( 22 U.S.C. 1627 ), following conclusion of the negotiations provided for in Article 2(2) of the Agreement. “(d) Confidentiality of Records .— Records pertaining to the claims received by the Commission pursuant to subsection (a) shall not be publicly disclosed and shall not be required to be disclosed pursuant to section 552 of title 5 , United States Code. “(e) Separability .— If any provision of this section or the application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the remainder of this section or the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected.”

672. § 1644a. Definitions

673. § 1644b. Receipt and determination of claims; notice by publication in Federal Register

674. § 1644c. Ownership of claims by nationals

675. § 1644d. Claims based on ownership interest in or debt or other obligation owing by corporations or other legal entities

676. § 1644e. Offsets

677. § 1644f. Consolidated awards

678. § 1644g. Claims Fund; establishment; deductions

679. § 1644h. Certification of amounts; priority of payments

680. § 1644i. Time limitation on completion of affairs of Commission

681. § 1644j. Transfer of records

682. § 1644k. Authorization of appropriations

683. § 1644l. Fees for services; limitation; penalty

684. § 1644m. Applicability of administrative provisions of subchapter I

685. §1645 — Congressional declaration of purpose

686. § 1645a. Definitions

687. § 1645b. Receipt and determination of claims; notice by publication in Federal Register

688. § 1645c. Ownership of claims by nationals

689. § 1645d. Claims based on ownership interest in or debt or other obligation owing by corporations or other legal entities

690. § 1645e. Offsets

691. § 1645f. Certifications; assigned claims

692. § 1645g. Consolidated awards

693. § 1645h. Claims Fund; establishment; deductions

694. § 1645i. Award payment procedures

695. § 1645j. Settlement period

696. § 1645k. Transfer of records

697. § 1645l. Authorization of appropriations

698. § 1645m. Fees for services; limitation; penalty

699. § 1645n. Applicability of other statutory provisions

700. § 1645o. Separability

701. §1650 — Appointments of representatives and panel members under Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes

702. § 1650a. Arbitration awards under the Convention

703. Chapter IV of the convention, referred to in subsec. (a), contains the Arbitration provisions of the Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes Between States and Nationals of Other States, providing in Section 1 (Art. 36) for Request for Arbitration, Section 2 (Arts. 37 to 40) for Constitution of the Tribunal, Section 3 (Arts. 41 to 47) for powers and functions of the tribunal, Section 4 (Arts. 48, 49) for The Award, Section 5 (Arts. 50 to 52) for interpretation, revision and annulment of the award, and Section 6 (Arts. 53 to 55) for recognition and enforcement of the award.

704. §1731 — Protection to naturalized citizens abroad

705. §1732 — Release of citizens imprisoned by foreign governments

706. §1733 — Interagency Hostage Recovery Coordinator

707. §1741 — Assistance for United States nationals unlawfully or wrongfully detained abroad

708. § 1741a. Special Envoy for Hostage Affairs

709. § 1741b. Hostage Recovery Fusion Cell

710. § 1741c. Hostage Response Group

711. § 1741d. Authorization of imposition of sanctions

712. § 1741e. Definitions

713. § 1741f. Rule of construction

714. §1754 — Foreign currencies

715. §1754 — Section 1675p of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by section 542(a)(9) of act Aug. 26, 1954 , and is covered by section 1922 of this title .

716. §1783 — Coordination with foreign policy

717. §1783 — Section 707 of Pub. L. 87–195 , cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by section 401 of Pub. L. 87–565 , pt. IV, Aug. 1, 1962 , 76 Stat. 263 , except insofar as section 707 affected this section.

718. §1796 — Participation in Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction in China

719. §1853 — Assistance to Yugoslavia

720. § 1896a. Restriction on commitments for technical assistance

721. § 1896b. Colombo Plan Council for Technical Cooperation; authorization

722. §1928 — North Atlantic Treaty Organization

723. § 1928a. North Atlantic Treaty Parliamentary Conference; participation; appointment of United States Group

724. § 1928b. Authorization of appropriations

725. § 1928c. Report to the Congress

726. § 1928d. Auditing and accounting

727. § 1928e. North Atlantic Assembly; appropriations for expenses of annual meeting

728. § 1928f. Limitation on withdrawal from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

729. §1937 — Irish counterpart account; approval of disposition

730. §1937 — Section 1513(b)(6) of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by section 542(a)(4) of act Aug. 26, 1954 .

731. §1942 — Development assistance in Latin America; Congressional declaration of policy

732. §1943 — Authorization of appropriations; restrictions; reports to congressional committees

733. §1944 — Reconstruction assistance in Chile; authorization of appropriations

734. §1945 — Section 706 of Pub. L. 87–195 , cited as a credit to this section was repealed by section 401 of Pub. L. 87–565 , pt. IV, Aug. 1, 1962 , 76 Stat. 263 , except insofar as section 706 affected this section.

735. §1945 — Utilization of funds for assistance in Latin America; availability for transportation of immigrants from Ryukyuan Archipelago

736. §1961 — Economic assistance

737. §1962 — Military assistance; use of armed forces

738. §1963 — United Nations Emergency Force

739. §1964 — Report to Congress

740. §1964 — Section 705 of Pub. L. 87–195 , cited as a credit to this section, was repealed by section 401 of Pub. L. 87–565 , pt. IV, Aug. 1, 1962 , 76 Stat. 263 , except insofar as section 705 affected this section.

741. §1965 — Expiration

742. §1971 — Section 1802(8) of title 16 , referred to in text, which defined “fishery conservation zone”, was repealed and section 1802(6) of Title 16 , Conservation, defining the term “exclusive economic zone”, was added by Pub. L. 99–659, title I, § 101(a) , Nov. 14, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3706 . Section 1802 was subsequently amended and the term “exclusive economic zone” is defined elsewhere in that section.

743. §1971 — “Vessel of the United States” defined

744. §1972 — Action by Secretary of State upon seizure of vessel by foreign country; preconditions

745. §1973 — Reimbursement of owner for any direct charges paid to secure release of vessel and crew

746. §1974 — Inapplicability of chapter to certain seizures

747. §1975 — Claims for amounts expended because of seizure

748. §1976 — Authorization of appropriations

749. §1977 — Reimbursement for seized commercial fishermen

750. §1978 — Restriction on importation of fishery or wildlife products from countries which violate international fishery or endangered or threatened species programs

751. §1979 — Fishermen’s Protective Fund

752. §1980 — Compensation for loss or destruction of commercial fishing vessel or gear

753. §1980 — Section 3 of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act ( 16 U.S.C. 1802 ), referred to in subsec. (a)(1), contained a prior par. (8) defining “fishery conservation zone” which was repealed and a new par. defining “exclusive economic zone” was added by Pub. L. 99–659, title I, § 101(a) , Nov. 14, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3706 .

754. § 1980a. Reimbursement of owner for fee paid to navigate foreign waters if fee inconsistent with international law

755. § 1980b. Sanctions for imposition of conditions on U.S. fishing vessel found inconsistent with international law

756. §2021 — Agency appointments by President

757. §2022 — Purpose of participation; reports to Congress

758. §2023 — Actions and votes of representatives

759. §2024 — Authorization of appropriations for payment of expenses

760. §2025 — Effect of employment on retirement, insurance, and other civil service rights and privileges

761. §2026 — Article XVIII–C of the Statute, referred to in text, provides: “C. Amendments shall come into force for all members when: (i) Approved by the General Conference by a two-thirds majority of those present and voting after consideration of observations submitted by the Board of Governors on each proposed amendment, and (ii) Accepted by two-thirds of all the members in accordance with their respective constitutional processes. Acceptance by a member shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of acceptance with the depositary Government referred to in paragraph C of Article XXI.”

762. §2026 — Termination of authority and participation in Agency

763. §2027 — Annual review by Secretary of State of programs and projects of the International Atomic Energy Agency; United States opposition to certain programs and projects of the Agency

764. §2054 — Statement of purpose

765. §2055 — Duties of Secretary of State; establishment and operation of educational institution; grants, fellowships, and scholarships; availability of facilities

766. §2056 — Administration

767. §2057 — Authorization of appropriations

768. §2075 — Center for Cultural and Technical Interchange Between North and South

769. §2077 — International University for the Americas

770. §2078 — International Center for Middle Eastern-Western Dialogue Trust Fund

771. §2081 — United States participation in Inter-American Cultural and Trade Center; purposes of Interama

772. §2082 — Participation in Interama by States and foreign countries

773. §2083 — Commissioner for Interama; procurement and appointment of personnel; powers and duties

774. §2084 — Cooperation of other Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities

775. §2085 — Authorization of appropriations

776. §2085 — Section 2(b) of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a), means section 2(b) of Pub. L. 89–355 , which was set out as a note under section 2082 of this title .

777. §2101 — Section 1. Policy . It shall be the policy of the executive branch to take strong action to address the potential global epidemic of diseases caused by tobacco use. The executive branch shall undertake activities to increase its capacity to address global tobacco prevention and control issues through coordinated domestic action, limited bilateral assistance to individual nations, and support to multilateral organizations. International activities shall be directed towards deterring children from tobacco use, protecting nonsmokers, and providing information about the adverse health effects of tobacco use and the health benefits of cessation.

778. §2101 — Statement of purpose

779. §2102 — Authority of Secretary

780. §2103 — Authority of President

781. §2103 — Section 142(b) of the Mutual Security Act of 1954, referred to in subsec. (g), was classified to section 1852 of this title , and was repealed by Pub. L. 87–195 , pt. III, § 642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961 , 75 Stat. 460 .

782. §2104 — Authority of Federal officers and agencies unaffected

783. §2121 — Congressional findings; establishment of policy

784. §2121 — Section 1. Policy . The travel and tourism industry is one of our Nation’s leading service sectors and sources of exports. However, the U.S. market share of spending by international travelers fell from 17 percent to 11 percent of the global market from 2000 to 2010, more than a 30 percent decrease in our share of the global market. This decrease was due primarily to increased international competition, changing patterns in global development, and, to some degree, more stringent security requirements imposed after 2001. Given the importance of the travel and tourism industry to the U.S. economy and job creation, a coordinated policy, consistent with protecting our national security, is needed to support a prosperous and secure travel and tourism industry in the United States.

785. §2122 — Powers and duties of Secretary of Commerce

786. §2123 — Office of Travel Promotion

787. § 2123a. Research program

788. §2124 — Tourism Policy Council

789. § 2124c. Rural Tourism Development Foundation

790. §2125 — Transferred

791. §2131 — Travel Promotion Act of 2009

792. §2151 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

793. § 2151a. Agricultural development in rural areas

794. Section 316 of the International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is section 316 of Pub. L. 96–533 , title III, Dec. 16, 1980 , 94 Stat. 3149 , set out as a note below.

795. § 2151aa. Program to provide technical assistance to foreign governments and foreign central banks of developing or transitional countries

796. § 2151b. Population planning and health programs

797. § 2151c. Education and human resources development

798. § 2151d. Development of indigenous energy resources

799. § 2151e. Appropriate technology

800. § 2151f. Transferred

801. § 2151g. Transfer of funds

802. § 2151h. Cost-sharing

803. § 2151i. Development and use of cooperatives

804. § 2151k. Integrating women into national economies; report

805. § 2151n. Human rights and development assistance

806. Section 2(a) of the Genocide Convention Implementation Act of 1987, referred to in subsec. (d)(8), probably means section 2(a) of the Genocide Convention Implementation Act of 1987 (the Proxmire Act), Pub. L. 100–606 , Nov. 4, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3045 , which enacted chapter 50A (§ 1091 et seq.) of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

807. § 2151p. Environmental and natural resources

808. § 2151q. Endangered species

809. § 2151r. Sahel development program; planning

810. § 2151t. Development assistance authority

811. § 2151u. Private and voluntary organizations and cooperatives in overseas development

812. Section 2151s of this title , referred to in subsec. (f), was repealed by Pub. L. 101–513, title V, § 562(d)(5) , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 2031 .

813. § 2151v. Aid to relatively least developed countries

814. Section 2151h(b) of this title shall not apply with respect to grants to relatively least developed countries.

815. Section 321 of the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1975, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 321 of Pub. L. 94–161 , Dec. 20, 1975 , 89 Stat. 868 , which is set out as a note under section 2220a of this title .

816. § 2151w. Project and program evaluations

817. § 2151x. Development and illicit narcotics production

818. § 2151y. Accelerated loan repayments; annual review of countries with bilateral concessional loan balances; priority of determinations respecting negotiations with countries having balances; criteria for determinations

819. § 2151z. Targeted assistance

820. §2152 — Assistance for victims of torture

821. § 2152b. Transferred

822. § 2152c. Programs to encourage good governance

823. Section 907 of the Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992, referred to in subsec. (a)(4)(B)(ii), is section 907 of Pub. L. 102–511 , which is set out as a note under section 5812 of this title .

824. § 2152d. Assistance to foreign countries to meet minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking

825. § 2152e. Program to improve building construction and practices in Latin American countries

826. § 2152f. Assistance for orphans and other vulnerable children

827. Section 2151b–2(g) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), (3), was redesignated section 2151b–2(h) of this title by Pub. L. 110–293, title III, § 301(d)(1) , July 30, 2008 , 122 Stat. 2951 .

828. Section 4 of the Assistance for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Developing Countries Act of 2005, referred to in subsecs. (d)(1) and (e)(2)(B), (C), is section 4 of Pub. L. 109–95 , which is set out as a note under this section.

829. § 2152g. Annual report

830. Section 4(a), referred to in subsec. (a), is section 4(a) of Pub. L. 109–95 , which is set out as a note under section 2152f of this title .

831. § 2152h. Assistance to provide safe water, sanitation, and hygiene

832. Section 4 (in the matter preceding division A of this consolidated Act), referred to in subsecs. (b) and (e)(1), is section 4 of Pub. L. 113–235 , Dec. 16, 2014 , 128 Stat. 2132 , which is not classified to the Code.

833. Section 674 of division J, of Public Law 110–161 , referred to in subsec. (a), is not classified to the Code.

834. § 2152i. Small Grants Program

835. § 2152j. Statement of policy

836. § 2152k. Assistance to improve early childhood outcomes globally

837. §2166 — Regional development in Africa

838. §2169 — Multilateral, regional, and bilateral programs

839. §2174 — American schools, libraries, and hospital centers abroad

840. §2179 — Prototype desalting plant

841. §2181 — Policy

842. §2182 — Authorization for worldwide shelter guarantees

843. §2182 — Section 2198(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title VI, § 1464(2) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3513 .

844. § 2182a. Agricultural and productive credit and self-help community development programs

845. Section 2196 of this title , referred to in subsec. (f), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title VI, § 1464(2) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3513 .

846. Section 2200 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (e) and (g), was in the original a reference to section 240 of this Act, meaning section 240 of Pub. L. 87–195 , as added by section 105 of Pub. L. 91–175 , which was repealed by section 8(b) of Pub. L. 93–559 , and was replaced by this section. Another section 240 of Pub. L. 87–195 , as added by section 9 of Pub. L. 95–268 , was enacted Apr. 24, 1978 , and was classified to section 2200 of this title , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title VI, § 1464(2) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3513 .

847. §2183 — General provisions

848. §2183 — Section 2200 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), was in the original a reference to section 240 of this Act, meaning section 240 of Pub. L. 87–195 , as added by section 105 of Pub. L. 91–175 , which was repealed by section 8(b) of Pub. L. 93–559 , and was replaced by section 2182a of this title . Another section 240 of Pub. L. 87–195 , as added by section 9 of Pub. L. 95–268 , was enacted Apr. 24, 1978 , and was classified to section 2200 of this title , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title VI, § 1464(2) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3513 .

849. §2183 — Section 311(d) of H.R. 5119, as passed by the House of Representatives on May 10, 1984 , and enacted into permanent law by Pub. L. 98–473, § 101(1) [title V, § 541(a)] , Oct. 12, 1984 , 98 Stat. 1884 , 1903, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (c) of this section [amending this section] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [ Oct. 12, 1984 ].”

850. §2184 — Section 224 of Pub. L. 87–195 is based on section 1011 of title X of H.R. 5119, Ninety-eighth Congress, as passed by the House of Representatives May 10, 1984 , and enacted into law by Pub. L. 98–473 .

851. §2184 — Trade credit insurance program for Central America

852. §2185 — Trade credit insurance program for Poland

853. §2186 — Loan guarantees to Israel program

854. §2186 — Section 2183 of this title shall apply to guarantees issued under subsection (a) in the same manner as such section applies to guarantees issued under section 2182 of this title , except that subsections (a), (e)(1), (g), and (j) of section 2183 of this title shall not apply to such guarantees and except that, to the extent section 2183 of this title is inconsistent with the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 [ 2 U.S.C. 661 et seq.], that Act shall apply. Loans shall be guaranteed under this section without regard to sections 2181, 2182, and 2198(c) 1 1 See References in Text note below. of this title. Notwithstanding section 2183(f) of this title , the interest rate for loans guaranteed under this section may include a reasonable fee to cover the costs and fees incurred by the borrower in connection with this program or financing under this section in the event the borrower elects not to finance such costs or fees out of loan principal. Guarantees once issued hereunder shall be unconditional and fully and freely transferable.

855. §2186 — Section 2198(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. ( l ), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title VI, § 1464(2) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3513 .

856. §2186 — Section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976, referred to in subsec. (g)(3), is section 601(b) of Pub. L. 94–329 , title VI, June 30, 1976 , 90 Stat. 765 , which is not classified to the Code.

857. §2197 — General provisions relating to insurance, guaranty, financing, and reinsurance programs

858. §2197 — Section 2194 of this title , referred to in subsec. (n), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title VI, § 1464(2) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3513 .

859. §2197 — Section 2199(g) of this title , referred to in subsec. (m)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title VI, § 1464(2) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3513 .

860. §2201 — Assistance to disadvantaged children in Asia

861. §2211 — Findings and policy

862. § 2211a. Authorization; implementation; targeted assistance

863. § 2211b. Monitoring system

864. § 2211c. Poverty measurement methods

865. § 2211d. Additional authorities

866. §2212 — Development credits for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises

867. §2212 — Section 256, formerly 108, of Pub. L. 87–195 is based on section 407 of title IV of H.R. 2992, Ninety-eighth Congress, as reported May 17, 1983 , and enacted into law by Pub. L. 98–151 .

868. §2213 — United States Microfinance Loan Facility

869. §2214 — Report

870. § 2214a. Definitions

871. §2218 — Utilization of democratic institutions in development

872. § 2220a. General provisions

873. § 2220b. General authority

874. § 2220c. Board for International Food and Agricultural Development

875. § 2220d. Funds for programs and activities

876. § 2220e. Presidential report to Congress

877. §2221 — General authority

878. §2222 — Authorization of appropriations

879. §2223 — Indus Basin development

880. §2225 — Integration of women

881. §2226 — Reports on international organizations

882. §2227 — Section 3 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003, referred to in subsec. (d)(1), is section 3 of Pub. L. 107–228 , which is set out as a note under section 2651 of this title .

883. §2227 — Withholding of United States proportionate share for certain programs of international organizations

884. §2228 — International Muslim Youth Opportunity Fund

885. §2261 — Authorization of appropriations

886. §2262 — Transferred

887. §2271 — Statement of policy

888. §2272 — Conditions on furnishing assistance

889. §2273 — Peace process in Central America

890. §2274 — Economic assistance coordination

891. §2275 — Authorization of appropriations

892. §2276 — “Central American countries” defined

893. §2277 — Strategy to advance prosperity, combat corruption, strengthen democratic governance, and improve civilian security in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras

894. § 2277a. Targeted sanctions to fight corruption in El Salvador, Guatemala,, 1 1 So in original. Honduras, and Nicaragua

895. §2281 — Section 2283 of this title , referred to in par. (1), was in the original “section 463”, meaning section 463 of Pub. L. 87–195 , which has been translated as meaning section 463 of Pub. L. 87–195 relating to eligible projects rather than section 463 of Pub. L. 87–195 , relating to the peace process in Central America, which is classified to section 2273 of this title .

896. §2281 — “Debt-for-nature exchange” defined

897. §2282 — Assistance for commercial debt exchanges

898. §2283 — Eligible projects

899. §2284 — Eligible countries

900. §2285 — Terms and conditions

901. §2286 — Pilot program for sub-Saharan Africa

902. §2291 — Policy, general authorities, coordination, foreign police actions, definitions, and other provisions

903. §2291 — Section 5558 of the FENTANYL Results Act, referred to in subsec. (e)(9), is section 5558 of subtitle C of title LV of div. E of Pub. L. 117–263 , which is set out as a note under section 2291 l of this title.

904. § 2291a. Authorization of appropriations

905. § 2291b. Prohibition on use of foreign assistance for reimbursements for drug crop eradications

906. § 2291c. Requirements relating to aircraft and other equipment

907. § 2291d. Records of aircraft use

908. § 2291e. Reallocation of funds withheld from countries which fail to take adequate steps to halt illicit drug production or trafficking

909. § 2291f. Prohibition on assistance to drug traffickers

910. § 2291g. Limitations on acquisition of real property and construction of facilities

911. § 2291h. Reporting requirements

912. Section 2015 of the International Narcotics Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), probably means section 2015 of the International Narcotics Control Act of 1986, Pub. L. 99–570 , which was set out as a note under section 1902 of the former Appendix to Title 46, Shipping, prior to being repealed by Pub. L. 103–447, title I, § 103(c) , Nov. 2, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4694 .

913. Section 5558 of the FENTANYL Results Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(12)(C), is section 5558 of subtitle C of title LV of div. E of Pub. L. 117–263 , which is set out as a note under section 2291 l of this title.

914. Section 7217(a) of the Fentanyl Sanctions Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(9)(A), is section 7217(a) of Pub. L. 116–92 , div. F, title LXXII, 133 Stat. 2269 , which is not classified to the Code.

915. § 2291j. Annual certification procedures

916. Section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976, referred to in subsec. (g), is section 601(b) of Pub. L. 94–329 , title VI, June 30, 1976 , 90 Stat. 765 , which is not classified to the Code.

917. § 2291l. Prioritization of efforts of the Department of State to combat international trafficking in covered synthetic drugs

918. § 2291m. Program to provide assistance to build the capacity of foreign law enforcement agencies with respect to covered synthetic drugs

919. § 2291n. Exchange program on demand reduction matters relating to illicit use of covered synthetic drugs

920. § 2291o. Fentanyl reporting and authorities

921. §2292 — General provisions

922. § 2292a. Authorization of appropriations

923. § 2292b. Disaster assistance coordination through a Special Coordinator for International Disaster Assistance; Presidential appointment and duties

924. § 2292e. Transferred

925. §2293 — Long-term development assistance for sub-Saharan Africa

926. §2293 — Section 1. Policy . It is the policy of the United States to partner, consult, and coordinate with African governments, bilateral and multilateral partners, the private sector, and civil society to expand access to electricity and increase electricity generation in Sub-Saharan Africa, in both urban and rural areas. Through the Power Africa initiative (Power Africa), we aim to double access to power in Sub-Saharan Africa by adding 30,000 megawatts (MW) of capacity and 60 million new household and business connections by 2030, and in so doing, leapfrog to cleaner forms of energy and foster inclusive economic growth and opportunity across Sub-Saharan Africa.

927. §2294 — Authorizations of appropriations for Development Fund for Africa

928. §2295 — Assistance for the independent states

929. § 2295a. Criteria for assistance to governments of the independent states

930. § 2295b. Authorities relating to assistance and other provisions

931. Section 510 of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1991, referred to in subsec. (j)(2), is section 510 of Pub. L. 101–513 , title V, Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 2003 , which is not classified to the Code.

932. § 2295c. Authorization of appropriations

933. §2296 — United States assistance to promote reconciliation and recovery from regional conflicts

934. § 2296a. Economic assistance

935. § 2296b. Development of infrastructure

936. § 2296c. Border control assistance

937. § 2296d. Strengthening democracy, tolerance, and the development of civil society

938. § 2296e. Administrative authorities

939. § 2296f. Definitions

940. §2301 — Congressional statement of policy

941. §2302 — Utilization of defense articles and defense services

942. §2304 — Human rights and security assistance

943. §2304 — Section 2(a) of the Genocide Convention Implementation Act of 1987, referred to in subsec. (b), probably means section 2(a) of the Genocide Convention Implementation Act of 1987 (the Proxmire Act), Pub. L. 100–606 , Nov. 4, 1988 , 102 Stat. 3045 , which enacted chapter 50A (§ 1091 et seq.) of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

944. §2304 — Section 601 of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A), (4)(B), is section 601 of Pub. L. 94–329 , which was not classified to the Code.

945. §2305 — National Security Assistance Strategy

946. §2311 — General authority

947. §2312 — Authorization of appropriations

948. §2313 — Transferred

949. §2314 — Furnishing of defense articles or related training or other defense service on grant basis

950. §2314 — Section 601 of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976, referred to in subsec. (g)(4)(C)(ii), is section 601 of Pub. L. 94–329 , which was not classified to the Code.

951. §2318 — Special authority

952. § 2321b. Excess defense article

953. § 2321c. Definitions

954. Section 2314a, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 93–189, § 26(4) , Dec. 17, 1973 , 87 Stat. 731 .

955. § 2321d. Considerations in furnishing military assistance

956. Section 116(b) of H.R. 5119, as passed by the House of Representatives May 10, 1984 , and enacted into permanent law by Pub. L. 98–473, title I, § 101(1) [title V, § 541(a)] , Oct. 12, 1984 , 98 Stat. 1884 , 1903, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [ Oct. 12, 1984 ].”

957. § 2321h. Stockpiling of defense articles for foreign countries

958. § 2321i. Overseas management of assistance and sales programs

959. § 2321j. Authority to transfer excess defense articles

960. Section 2392(d) of this title shall not apply with respect to transfers of excess defense articles (including transportation and related costs) under this section.

961. Section 573(e) of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1990, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 573(e) of Pub. L. 101–167 , which is set out in a note below.

962. § 2321k. Designation of major non-NATO allies

963. §2322 — Transferred

964. §2323 — Transfer of defense articles or services

965. §2344 — Reimbursements

966. §2346 — Authority

967. § 2346a. Authorizations of appropriations

968. § 2346b. Emergency assistance

969. § 2346c. Administration of justice

970. § 2346d. People-to-People Partnership for Peace Fund

971. §2347 — General authority

972. § 2347a. Authorization of appropriations

973. § 2347b. Congressional declaration of purpose

974. § 2347c. Exchange training; reciprocity agreement

975. § 2347d. Training in maritime skills

976. § 2347e. Prohibition on grant assistance for certain high income foreign countries

977. § 2347f. Consultation requirement

978. § 2347g. Records regarding foreign participants

979. § 2347h. Human rights report

980. §2348 — General authorization

981. § 2348a. Authorization of appropriations

982. § 2348c. Administrative authorities

983. § 2348d. Data on costs incurred in support of United Nations peacekeeping operations

984. Section 8079 of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1998, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 8079 of Pub. L. 105–56 , title VIII, Oct. 8, 1997 , 111 Stat. 1236 , which is not classified to the Code.

985. §2349 — General authority

986. § 2349a. Authorization and utilization of funds

987. § 2349aa. General authority

988. Section 203 of title II of H.R. 2992, as enacted into permanent law by Pub. L. 98–151, § 101(b)(2) , Nov. 14, 1983 , 97 Stat. 972 , provided that: “This title [enacting this part and amending sections 2304 and 2403 of this title] shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [ Nov. 14, 1983 ].”

989. Section 571 of Pub. L. 87–195 is based on section 201 of title II of H.R. 2992, Ninety-eighth Congress, as reported May 17, 1983 , and enacted into law by Pub. L. 98–151 .

990. § 2349b. Waiver authorities

991. § 2349bb. Purposes

992. § 2349cc. Findings

993. §2351 — Encouragement of free enterprise and private participation

994. §2352 — Small business

995. §2353 — Shipping on United States vessels

996. §2354 — Procurement

997. §2355 — Retention and use of certain items and funds

998. §2356 — Patents and technical information

999. §2357 — Furnishing of services and commodities

1000. §2358 — Foreign and domestic excess property

1001. §2360 — Transfer of funds between accounts

1002. §2361 — Completion of plans and cost estimates

1003. §2362 — Use of foreign currencies

1004. §2363 — Accounting, valuation, reporting, and administration of foreign currencies

1005. §2364 — Part IV of subchapter I (§ 2241 et seq.) of this chapter has been repealed. References to part IV of subchapter I, or any sections thereof, are deemed references to part IV of subchapter II (§ 2346 et seq.) of this chapter, or to appropriate sections thereof. See section 202(b) of Pub. L. 92–226 , set out as a note under section 2346 of this title .

1006. §2364 — Special authorities

1007. §2365 — Contract authority

1008. §2366 — Availability of funds

1009. §2367 — Termination expenses

1010. §2368 — Assistance for a reconstruction and stabilization crisis

1011. §2370 — Prohibitions against furnishing assistance

1012. §2370 — Section 2194(a)(1) of this title , referred to in subsec. ( l ), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title VI, § 1464(2) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3513 .

1013. § 2370a. Expropriation of United States property

1014. § 2370b. Humanitarian assistance code of conduct

1015. § 2370c. Definitions

1016. §2371 — Prohibition on assistance to governments supporting international terrorism

1017. § 2372a. Renewal, reissuance, etc., of export licenses to or for Argentina

1018. Section 2372 of this title , referred to in text, was in the original “ Section 11 of Public Law 95–92 ”, meaning section 11 of Pub. L. 95–92 , Aug. 4, 1977 , 91 Stat. 619 , which added section 620B of Pub. L. 87–195 . Section 620B of Pub. L. 87–195 was classified to section 2372 of this title and was repealed by Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, § 725(a) , Dec. 29, 1981 , 95 Stat. 1553 .

1019. §2373 — Eastern Mediterranean policy requirements

1020. §2373 — Section 2370(x) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was omitted. See Codification note set out under section 2370 of this title .

1021. §2375 — Assistance to Pakistan

1022. §2376 — Nuclear non-proliferation policy in South Asia

1023. §2377 — Prohibition on assistance to countries that aid terrorist states

1024. §2378 — Prohibition on assistance to countries that provide military equipment to terrorist states

1025. §2378 — Section 4605(j) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1026. § 2378a. Depleted uranium ammunition

1027. § 2378b. Limitation on assistance to the Palestinian Authority

1028. § 2378c. Limitation on assistance for the West Bank and Gaza

1029. § 2378d. Limitation on assistance to security forces

1030. §2381 — Exercise of functions

1031. § 2381a. Strengthened management practices

1032. §2382 — Coordination with foreign policy

1033. §2382 — Section 1. Functions of the Chief of the United States Diplomatic Mission . (a) The Chief of the United States Diplomatic Mission in each country, as the representative of the President and acting on his behalf, shall coordinate the activities of the United States representatives (including the chiefs of economic missions, military assistance advisory groups, and other representatives of agencies of the United States Government) in such country engaged in carrying out programs under the Mutual Security Act of 1951 (hereinafter referred to as the Act) [section 1509 et seq. of this title], and he shall assume responsibility for assuring the unified development and execution of the said programs in such country. More particularly, the functions of each Chief of United States Diplomatic Mission shall include, with respect to the programs and country concerned:

1034. §2383 — Responsibilities of the Secretary of Defense; priorities in procurement, delivery, and allocation of military equipment

1035. §2384 — Section 642(a), referred to in subsec. (c), means section 642(a) of Pub. L. 87–195 , which is set out as a note under section 2151 of this title .

1036. §2384 — Statutory officers

1037. §2385 — Employment of personnel

1038. § 2385a. Unified personnel system

1039. §2386 — Experts, consultants, and retired officers

1040. §2387 — Detail of personnel to foreign governments

1041. §2388 — Detail of personnel to international organizations

1042. §2389 — Section 2384(d) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 95–88, title I, § 124(a)(1) , Aug. 3, 1977 , 91 Stat. 541 .

1043. §2389 — Status and benefits of personnel assigned or detailed to foreign governments or international organizations

1044. §2390 — Terms of detail or assignment of personnel

1045. §2391 — Missions and staffs abroad

1046. §2391 — Section 102(a)(3) of that Act, referred to in subsecs. (b) and (c), was redesignated section 102(3) pursuant to Pub. L. 98–164 , which struck out designation “(a)” and struck out subsec. (b) of section 102.

1047. §2392 — Government agencies

1048. §2392 — Section 1782(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (f), was repealed by Pub. L. 87–195 , pt. III, § 642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961 , 75 Stat. 460 .

1049. §2393 — Section 1. With respect to functions authorized by the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended ( 22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq .), and any predecessor legislation except those functions exercised by the Department of Defense under authority of Sections 621 and 623 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2381 and 2383):

1050. §2393 — Waiver of certain laws

1051. § 2393a. Requests by Government Accountability Office and Congressional committees for documents and materials

1052. §2394 — Reports and information; definitions

1053. § 2394a. Extortion and illegal payments to officials of foreign countries receiving international security assistance

1054. Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the Commission.

1055. § 2394b. HELP Commission

1056. § 2394c. Information on covered United States foreign assistance programs

1057. Section 3(c)(2)(J), referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(A)(i), is section 3(c)(2)(J) of Pub. L. 114–191 , which is set out as a note below.

1058. §2395 — General authorities

1059. § 2395a. International agreements concerning debt relief; transmittal to congressional committees

1060. §2396 — Availability of funds

1061. §2396 — Section 2385(d) of this title , referred to in subsec. (e), was amended by Pub. L. 96–465, title II, § 2203(a) , Oct. 17, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2158 , and as so amended does not contain a par. (2).

1062. §2396 — Section 2399a of this title , referred to in subsec. (i), was repealed by Pub. L. 90–629 , ch. 4, § 45(a), Oct. 22, 1968 , 82 Stat. 1327 . See section 2753(a)(1) of this title .

1063. §2396 — Section 3651 of the Revised Statutes ( 31 U.S.C. 543 ), referred to in subsec. (a)(7), was repealed by Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(b) , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1068 , the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance.

1064. § 2396a. Property Management Fund

1065. § 2396b. USAID Buying Power Maintenance Account

1066. §2397 — Administrative expenses

1067. §2398 — Assistance to countries pursuant to other statutes

1068. § 2399b. False claims and ineligible commodities

1069. § 2399c. Coordination of policies and programs

1070. § 2399d. Shipping differential

1071. §2401 — Effective date; identification of programs

1072. §2402 — Saving provisions

1073. §2402 — Section 642(a), referred to in text, means section 642(a) of Pub. L. 87–195 , which is set out as a note under section 2151 of this title .

1074. §2403 — Definitions

1075. §2404 — Unexpended balances

1076. §2405 — Separability

1077. §2406 — Development programs for dependable fuel supplies

1078. §2407 — Special authorization for use of foreign currencies

1079. §2409 — Use of United States Armed Forces

1080. §2411 — Limitation upon exercise of special authorities

1081. §2412 — Limitation on foreign assistance appropriations

1082. §2413 — Changes in allocation of foreign assistance

1083. §2414 — Presidential findings and determinations

1084. § 2414a. Annual report to Congress on voting practices at United Nations

1085. §2415 — Annual military assistance report

1086. §2416 — Annual foreign military training report

1087. §2420 — Police training prohibition

1088. §2420 — Section 515(c) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 515(c) of title I of Pub. L. 90–351 , June 19, 1968 , 82 Stat. 207 , which was formerly classified to section 3763(c) of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare. Section 515 was omitted in the general revision of title I of Pub. L. 90–351 by Pub. L. 96–157, § 2 , Dec. 27, 1979 , 93 Stat. 1167 .

1089. §2421 — Trade and Development Agency

1090. § 2421a. Capital projects office within Agency for International Development

1091. § 2421b. Capital projects for poverty alleviation and environmental safety and sustainability

1092. § 2421c. Coordination

1093. § 2421d. Funding for capital projects

1094. § 2421e. Definitions

1095. § 2421f. Sustainability requirements for certain capital projects in connection with overseas contingency operations

1096. §2423 — Exchanges of certain materials

1097. §2426 — Discrimination against United States personnel

1098. §2427 — Operating expenses

1099. § 2428a. Congressional declaration of policy toward Korea; transmittal of report to Speaker of the House and Congressional committees

1100. § 2428b. Special security assistance for modernization of Armed Forces of Korea

1101. § 2429b. Transferred

1102. §2430 — Purpose

1103. § 2430a. Definitions

1104. § 2430b. Eligibility for benefits

1105. § 2430c. Reduction of certain debt

1106. Section 321 of the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1975, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(B), is section 321 of Pub. L. 94–161 , which is set out as a note under section 2220a of this title .

1107. § 2430d. Repayment of principal

1108. § 2430e. Interest on new obligations

1109. § 2430f. Enterprise for the Americas Funds

1110. § 2430g. Americas Framework Agreements

1111. § 2430h. Enterprise for the Americas Board

1112. § 2430i. Annual reports to Congress

1113. §2431 — Findings and purposes

1114. § 2431a. Definitions

1115. § 2431b. Establishment of Facility

1116. § 2431c. Eligibility for benefits

1117. § 2431d. Reduction of debt owed to United States as result of concessional loans under this chapter

1118. Section 321 of the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1975, referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(B), is section 321 of Pub. L. 94–161 , Dec. 20, 1975 , 89 Stat. 868 , which is set out as a note under section 2220a of this title .

1119. § 2431e. Reduction of debt owed to United States as result of credits extended under title I of Food for Peace Act

1120. § 2431f. Authority to engage in debt-for-nature swaps and debt buybacks

1121. § 2431g. Conservation Agreement

1122. § 2431h. Conservation Fund

1123. § 2431i. Board

1124. § 2431j. Consultations with Congress

1125. § 2431k. Annual reports to Congress

1126. Section 2432, Pub. L. 87–195 , pt. V, § 802, as added Pub. L. 93–189, § 24 , Dec. 17, 1973 , 87 Stat. 728 , authorized appropriation of $504,000,000 for fiscal year 1974 to remain available until expended for relief and reconstruction of South Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos.

1127. Section 2433, Pub. L. 87–195 , pt. V, § 803, as added Pub. L. 93–189, § 24 , Dec. 17, 1973 , 87 Stat. 728 , provided for assistance to South Vietnamese children.

1128. Section 2434, Pub. L. 87–195 , pt. V, § 804, as added Pub. L. 93–189, § 24 , Dec. 17, 1973 , 87 Stat. 729 , made provision for assistance to the Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in Saigon.

1129. Section 2435, Pub. L. 87–195 , pt. V, § 806, as added Pub. L. 93–559, § 41 , Dec. 30, 1974 , 88 Stat. 1812 , directed that provisions covering special programs for relief of South Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos not apply to programs related to population growth, narcotics control, humanitarian programs by international organizations, and regional programs.

1130. §2451 — Congressional statement of purpose

1131. §2452 — Authorization of activities

1132. § 2452a. Exchange program with countries in transition from totalitarianism to democracy

1133. § 2452b. International expositions

1134. § 2452c. Program to provide grants to American-sponsored schools in predominantly Muslim countries to provide scholarships

1135. §2453 — Agreements with foreign governments and international organizations

1136. §2453 — Section 1513(b)(6) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, § 542(a) , 68 Stat. 861 .

1137. §2454 — Administration

1138. §2454 — Section 1. Department of State . (a) The following functions conferred upon the President by the Act are hereby delegated to the Secretary of State:

1139. §2454 — Section 1. The Secretary of the Interior is authorized, with respect to the International Symposium on Geothermal Energy to be held in San Francisco, California, in May 1975, to perform the functions conferred by section 102(b)(5), (7), and (8) of the act [section 2452(b)(5), (7) and (8) of this title].

1140. §2454 — Section 101. [Amended Ex. Ord. No. 11034, set out above.]

1141. §2455 — Appropriations

1142. §2455 — Section 3651 of the Revised Statutes ( 31 U.S.C. 543 ), referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(b) , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1068 , the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance.

1143. §2456 — J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board

1144. §2457 — Reports by Board

1145. §2458 — Authority of President

1146. § 2458a. Federal employee participation in cultural exchange programs

1147. §2459 — Immunity from seizure under judicial process of cultural objects imported for temporary exhibition or display

1148. §2459 — Section 1. The Director of the United States Information Agency is designated and empowered to perform the functions conferred upon the President by the above-mentioned Act and shall be deemed to be authorized, without the approval, ratification, or other action of the President, (1) to determine that any work of art or other object to be imported into the United States within the meaning of the Act is of cultural significance, (2) to determine that the temporary exhibition or display of any such work of art or other object in the United States is in the national interest, and (3) to cause public notices of the determinations referred to above to be published in the Federal Register.

1149. §2460 — Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs

1150. §2460 — Section 1. There is hereby established within the United States Information Agency a senior-level Interagency Working Group on United States Government-Sponsored International Exchanges and Training (“the Working Group”). The purpose of the Working Group is to recommend to the President measures for improving the coordination, efficiency, and effectiveness of United States Government-sponsored international exchanges and training. The Working Group shall establish a clearinghouse to improve data collection and analysis of international exchanges and training.

1151. §2461 — Exchanges between United States and independent states of the former Soviet Union

1152. §2462 — Establishment of grant program for foreign study by American college students of limited financial means

1153. §2463 — Allocation of funds transferred to the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs

1154. §2464 — Ethical issues in international health research

1155. §2465 — John Lewis Civil Rights Fellowship Program

1156. §2501 — Congressional declaration of purpose

1157. § 2501a. Voluntary service programs

1158. §2502 — Presidential authorization; appropriations and financial readjustments

1159. §2503 — Director and Deputy Director; delegation of functions

1160. §2504 — Peace Corps volunteers

1161. §2504 — Section 1. Under such regulations as the Office of Personnel Management may prescribe, the head of any agency in the Executive Branch may appoint in the competitive service any person who is certified by the Director of the Peace Corps as having served satisfactorily as a Volunteer or Volunteer Leader under the Peace Corps Act [see Short Title note set out under section 2501 of this title ] and who passes such examination as the Office of Personnel Management may prescribe. Any person so appointed shall, upon completion of the prescribed probationary period, acquire a competitive status.

1162. § 2504a. Health care for volunteers at Peace Corps posts

1163. §2505 — Peace Corps volunteer leaders; number; applicability of chapter; benefits

1164. §2506 — Peace Corps employees

1165. §2507 — Training program

1166. § 2507a. Sexual assault risk-reduction and response training

1167. § 2507b. Sexual assault policy

1168. § 2507c. Office of Victim Advocacy

1169. Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the Council.

1170. § 2507d. Establishment of Sexual Assault Advisory Council

1171. § 2507e. Volunteer feedback and Peace Corps review

1172. § 2507f. Establishment of a policy on stalking

1173. § 2507g. Establishment of a confidentiality protection policy

1174. § 2507h. Removal and assessment and evaluation

1175. § 2507i. Reporting requirements

1176. §2508 — Foreign participants; admission into the United States as nonimmigrants; removal

1177. §2509 — Presidential powers and authorities

1178. §2511 — Peace Corps National Advisory Council

1179. §2512 — Experts and consultants

1180. §2512 — Section 2511 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 92–352, title IV, § 403 , July 13, 1972 , 86 Stat. 495 .

1181. §2513 — Assignment of personnel to foreign governments or international organizations

1182. §2514 — Use of funds

1183. § 2514a. Authorization for Peace Corps to provide separation pay for host country resident personal services contractors of the Peace Corps

1184. §2515 — Foreign Currency Fluctuations Account

1185. §2516 — Use of foreign currencies

1186. §2517 — Activities promoting Americans’ understanding of other peoples

1187. §2518 — Seal and name

1188. §2519 — Security investigations

1189. §2520 — Military training and service exemption

1190. §2521 — Foreign language proficiency

1191. § 2521a. Nonpartisan appointments

1192. §2522 — Definitions

1193. §2522 — Section 2504(f) of this title , referred to in par. (8)(i), was redesignated section 2504(g) by Pub. L. 115–256, title I, § 101(a)(1)(B) , Oct. 9, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3651 .

1194. §2522 — Section 2504(m) of this title , referred to in par. (5), was redesignated section 2504(n) by Pub. L. 115–256, title I, § 101(a)(1)(B) , Oct. 9, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3651 .

1195. §2523 — Separability

1196. §2551 — Congressional statement of purpose

1197. §2552 — Definitions

1198. §2567 — Presidential Special Representatives

1199. §2568 — Program for visiting scholars

1200. §2571 — Research, development and other studies

1201. §2572 — Patents; availability to general public; protection of background rights

1202. §2573 — Policy formulation

1203. §2574 — Negotiation management

1204. §2576 — Arms control information

1205. §2577 — Verification of compliance

1206. § 2577a. Arms control verification

1207. §2578 — Negotiating records

1208. §2581 — General authority of Secretary of State

1209. §2584 — Dual compensation exemption

1210. § 2593a. Annual report to Congress

1211. SEC. 1244. NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENT RELATED TO RUSSIAN FEDERATION DEVELOPMENT OF NONCOMPLIANT SYSTEMS AND UNITED STATES ACTIONS REGARDING MATERIAL BREACH OF INF TREATY BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

1212. SEC. 1246. DEFINITIONS.

1213. Section 1102(1) of the Arms Control, Non-Proliferation, and Security Assistance Act of 1999, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 1000(a)(7) [div. B, title XI, § 1102(1)] of Pub. L. 106–113 , which is set out as a note under section 2652c of this title .

1214. § 2593e. Measures against persons involved in activities that violate arms control treaties or agreements with the United States

1215. §2595 — Findings

1216. § 2595a. Policy coordination concerning implementation of on-site inspection provisions

1217. § 2595c. Definitions

1218. § 2595d. Annual report on comprehensive nuclear-test-ban treaty sensors

1219. §2601 — Refugees and migration

1220. §2602 — Presidential authorization

1221. §2603 — Delegation of powers

1222. §2603 — Section 1. Department of State . (a) The Secretary of State is hereby designated to perform the following:

1223. §2604 — Allocation, transfer and availability of funds; separate appropriation accounts on Treasury books

1224. §2605 — Section 3651 of the Revised Statutes ( 31 U.S.C. 543 ), referred to in subsec. (a)(3), was repealed by Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(b) , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 1068 , the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance.

1225. §2605 — Use of funds and personnel; savings provision

1226. §2606 — Audits of U.S. funds received by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

1227. §2621 — Definitions

1228. §2625 — Gifts or decorations on deposit with State Department

1229. §2651 — Establishment of Department

1230. § 2651a. Organization of Department of State

1231. Section 238(g) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019, referred to in subsec. (n)(5), probably means section 238(g) of Pub. L. 115–232 , known as the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019, which is set out as a note preceding section 4061 of Title 10 , Armed Forces.

1232. Title V of the Department of State Authorization Act of 2022, referred to in subsec. (i)(2)(B)(v), (xiv), probably means title XCV of div. I of Pub. L. 117–263 . Div. I of Pub. L. 117–263 is the Department of State Authorization Act of 2022. Title XCV of div. I, relating to Information Security and Cyber Diplomacy, is classified principally to chapter 110 (§ 10301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of title XCV to the Code, see Tables.

1233. § 2652b. Assistant Secretary of State for South Asian Affairs

1234. § 2652c. Assistant Secretary of State for Verification and Compliance

1235. § 2655a. Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs within Department of State; Assistant Secretary of State as head of Bureau

1236. § 2655b. Diplomatic presence overseas

1237. §2656 — Management of foreign affairs

1238. § 2656a. Congressional declaration of findings of major significance of modern scientific and technological advances in foreign policy

1239. § 2656b. Congressional declaration of policy regarding consequences of science and technology on conduct of foreign policy

1240. § 2656c. Responsibilities of President

1241. § 2656d. Responsibilities of Secretary of State

1242. § 2656e. Terrorism-related travel advisories

1243. § 2656f. Annual country reports on terrorism

1244. Section 4605(j) of title 50 , referred to in subsecs. (a)(1)(A)(ii), (2) and (d)(5)(B)(i), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1245. § 2656g. Report on terrorist assets in United States

1246. § 2656h. International credit reports

1247. § 2656i. Counterdrug and anticrime activities of Department of State

1248. § 2656j. Countering white identity terrorism globally

1249. § 2656k. Human rights awareness for American athletic delegations

1250. §2657 — Custody of seals and property

1251. § 2658a. Foreign Affairs Manual and Foreign Affairs Handbook changes

1252. §2659 — Section 161 of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees [now this section], under which the Secretary of State was required to procure, from time to time, such of the statutes of the several States as might not be in his office, was affected by Reorg. Plan No. 20 of 1950, 2(a), eff. May 24, 1950 , 15 F.R. 3178, 64 Stat. 1272 , set out in Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, which abolished such prescribed duty. Such section 2(a) further provided, however, that such abolition should not limit the authority of the Secretary of State to procure copies of such State statutes as may be needed in the performance of his functions.

1253. §2659 — State statutes to be procured

1254. §2660 — Copies of treaties furnished to Director of the Government Publishing Office

1255. §2661 — Procurement of information for corporations, firms and individuals; expense of cablegrams and telephone service involved; appropriation

1256. § 2661a. Foreign contracts or arrangements; discrimination

1257. § 2661b. Services provided to the press

1258. §2662 — Section 2662, act Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 841, title I, § 1 [part], 70 Stat. 890 ; as renumbered title I and amended Aug. 24, 1982 , Pub. L. 97–241, title II, § 202(a) , 96 Stat. 282 , which related to establishment, maintenance, and operation of passport and despatch agencies, was amended generally by Pub. L. 103–236 and transferred to section 2651a of this title .

1259. §2662 — Transferred

1260. §2664 — Distribution of duties of officers, clerks, and employees

1261. § 2664a. Protection of Civil Service employees

1262. §2665 — Personal services other than those provided for

1263. § 2665a. Foreign Service fellowships

1264. §2668 — Requisitions for advances to pay lawful obligations

1265. § 2668a. Disposition of trust funds received from foreign governments for citizens of United States

1266. §2669 — Printing and binding outside continental United States; settlement and payment of claims by foreign governments; employment of aliens; official functions and courtesies; purchase of uniforms; payment of tort claims; payment of assumed obligations in Germany; telecommunications services; security; special purpose passenger motor vehicles; pay obligations arising under international conventions or contracts; personal service contracts

1267. § 2669a. Diplomatic Telecommunications Service

1268. § 2669b. Reaffirming United States international telecommunications policy

1269. §2670 — Insurance on motor vehicles in foreign countries; tie lines and teletype equipment; ice and drinking water; excise taxes on negotiable instruments; remains of deceased persons; relief, protection, and burial of seamen; acknowledgement of services of foreign vessels and aircraft; rentals and leases

1270. §2671 — Emergency expenditures

1271. §2671 — Section 3718(c) of title 31 , referred to in subsec. (d)(7), was renumbered section 3718(e) of title 31 by Pub. L. 99–578, § 1(1) , Oct. 28, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3305 .

1272. §2672 — Participation in international activities; restriction; expenses

1273. § 2672a. Alternate United States Commissioners for international fisheries commissions

1274. § 2672b. Compensation of Alternate United States Commissioners; travel expenses and other allowances

1275. §2673 — International Civil Aviation Organization; availability of funds for participation

1276. §2674 — Availability of exchange allowances or proceeds derived from exchange or sale of motor vehicles

1277. §2675 — Allocation or transfer to other agencies of funds appropriated to Department of State; authority for expenditure of funds

1278. §2676 — Contracts in foreign countries

1279. §2677 — Availability of funds for travel expenses and transportation of personal effects, household goods, or automobiles

1280. §2678 — Reduction in earmarks if appropriations are less than authorizations

1281. §2679 — Maximum rates of per diem in lieu of subsistence payable to foreign participants in exchange of persons program or in program of furnishing technical information and assistance

1282. § 2679a. Procurement contracts

1283. § 2679b. Prohibition against fraudulent use of “Made in America” labels

1284. § 2679c. Prohibition on discriminatory contracts

1285. Section 4607(a) of title 50 , referred to in subsecs. (a)(2)(A), (3) and (c)(3), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1286. Section 4618(2) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1287. Section 8(a) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2407(a)), referred to in subsec. (c)(1) in the quoted clause, is section 8(a) of Pub. L. 96–72 , Sept. 29, 1979 , 93 Stat. 521 , which was editorially transferred to section 4607(a) of Title 50 , War and National Defense, and was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1288. § 2679d. Exemption from certain procurement protest procedures for noncompetitive contracting in emergency circumstances

1289. § 2679e. List of certain telecommunications providers

1290. §2680 — Appropriations for State Department; information to congressional committees

1291. § 2680a. Compensation for disability or death

1292. Section 1651 of title 42 shall not apply with respect to such contracts as the Secretary of State may determine which are contracts with persons employed to perform work for the Department of State or the Foreign Service on an intermittent basis for not more than 90 days in a calendar year.

1293. § 2680b. Special rules for certain monthly workers’ compensation payments and other payments for Department of State personnel under chief of mission authority

1294. §2681 — International broadcasting facilities; transfer to Department of State; acquisition of property

1295. §2681 — Section 6(a) of Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1957, eff. June 30, 1957 , 22 F.R. 4633, 71 Stat. 647 , set out as a note under section 601 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade, abolished the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.

1296. §2682 — Liquidation and disposal of broadcasting facilities

1297. §2683 — Assumption of obligations of operation of broadcasting facilities

1298. §2683 — Section 6(a) of Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1957, eff. June 30, 1957 , 22 F.R. 4633, 71 Stat. 647 , set out as a note under section 601 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade, abolished the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.

1299. §2684 — Capital fund for Department of State to centralize reproduction, editorial, data processing, audiovisual and other services; maximum amount; operation of fund

1300. §2684 — Title II of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is title II of act Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 841 , as added Aug. 24, 1982 , Pub. L. 97–241, title II, § 202(b) , 96 Stat. 283 , known as the Foreign Missions Act, which is classified principally to chapter 53 (§ 4301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4301 of this title and Tables.

1301. § 2684a. Capital Investment Fund

1302. § 2684b. Strengthening the Chief Information Officer of the Department of State

1303. §2685 — Reimbursement for detailed State Department personnel

1304. §2686 — Review of world-wide supply, demand, and price of basic raw and processed materials

1305. § 2686a. Appointment of Special Coordinator for water policy negotiations and water resources policy

1306. §2687 — Use of appropriated funds for unusual expenses of United States Representative to Organization of American States

1307. §2688 — Ambassadors; criteria regarding selection and confirmation

1308. §2689 — American Sections, International Joint Commission, United States and Canada; funds for representation expenses and official entertainment within the United States

1309. §2690 — Foreign gifts; audit; reports to Congress

1310. §2692 — Compensation for persons participating in State Department proceedings; availability of funds

1311. §2694 — Limitation on purchase of gifts for foreign individuals; report to Speaker of the House and chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate

1312. §2695 — Administrative services

1313. § 2695a. Foreign language services

1314. §2696 — Nondiscretionary personnel costs, currency fluctuations, and other contingencies

1315. §2697 — Acceptance of gifts on behalf of United States

1316. §2698 — Procurement of legal services

1317. §2699 — Employment opportunities for family members

1318. §2700 — Use of vehicles

1319. §2701 — Educational facilities

1320. § 2701a. Education allowance for dependents of Department of State employees located in United States territories

1321. §2702 — Malpractice protection

1322. §2703 — Services and facilities for employees at posts abroad

1323. § 2703a. Emergency back-up care

1324. §2704 — Subsistence expenses

1325. §2705 — Documentation of citizenship

1326. §2706 — Reprograming of funds; notice requirements

1327. § 2706a. Rewards payments

1328. §2707 — International communications and information policy; duties of Secretary of State

1329. §2708 — Department of State rewards program

1330. §2708 — Section 102 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987, referred to in subsec. (d)(1), is section 102 of Pub. L. 99–93 , title I, Aug. 16, 1985 , 99 Stat. 408 , which is not classified to the Code.

1331. §2708 — Section 4605(j)(1)(A) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (k)(1)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1332. § 2708a. Award of Thomas Jefferson Star for Foreign Service

1333. §2709 — Section 4302 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(D), was subsequently amended, and section 4302(a)(4) no longer defines the term “foreign mission”. However, such term is defined elsewhere in that section.

1334. §2709 — Special agents

1335. §2710 — Expenses relating to participation in arbitrations of certain disputes

1336. §2710 — Section 2668a of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was in the original “chapter 34 of the Act of February 27, 1896 ( 22 U.S.C. 2668a ; 29 Stat. 32 )”. Section 2668a of this title contains the only provisions of the Act which are classified to the Code.

1337. §2711 — Counterterrorism Protection Fund

1338. §2712 — Authority to control certain terrorism-related services

1339. §2712 — Section 4605(j)(1) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1340. §2713 — Protection of historic and artistic furnishings of reception areas of the Harry S Truman Federal Building

1341. §2714 — Denial of passports to certain convicted drug traffickers

1342. § 2714a. Revocation or denial of passport in case of certain unpaid taxes

1343. §2715 — Procedures regarding major disasters and incidents abroad affecting United States citizens

1344. § 2715a. Provision of information on certain violent crimes abroad to victims and victims’ families

1345. § 2715b. Notification of next of kin; reports of death

1346. § 2715c. Conservation and disposition of estates

1347. §2716 — Debt collection

1348. §2717 — Defense trade controls registration fees

1349. §2718 — Fees received for use of Blair House

1350. §2719 — Grants for training and education in international affairs

1351. § 2719a. Foreign affairs training

1352. § 2719b. Training and professional development prioritization

1353. § 2719c. Facilitation and encouragement of training and professional development for Foreign Service and Civil Service personnel

1354. §2720 — Closing of consular and diplomatic posts abroad

1355. §2721 — Impermissible basis for denial of passports

1356. §2722 — International meetings

1357. §2723 — Denial of visas

1358. §2724 — Fees for commercial services

1359. §2725 — Fees for use of the George P. Shultz National Foreign Affairs Training Center

1360. §2726 — Fee for use of diplomatic reception rooms

1361. §2727 — Accounting of collections in budget presentation documents

1362. §2728 — Crimes committed by diplomats

1363. §2729 — State Department records of overseas deaths of United States citizens from nonnatural causes

1364. §2730 — Prohibition on funding the involuntary return of refugees

1365. §2731 — Monitoring and combating anti-Semitism

1366. §2731 — Section 6412(b)(1)(A)(iv) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(3), was redesignated section 6412(b)(1)(A)(vii) of this title by Pub. L. 114–281, title I, § 102(a)(2)(B) , Dec. 16, 2016 , 130 Stat. 1429 .

1367. §2732 — Public diplomacy responsibilities of the Department of State

1368. § 2732a. Avoiding duplication of programs and efforts

1369. Chapter 35 of title 44 (commonly known as the “Paperwork Reduction Act”) shall not apply to the collection of information directed at any individuals conducted by, or on behalf of, the Department of State for the purpose of audience research, monitoring, and evaluations, and in connection with the Department’s activities conducted pursuant to any of the following:

1370. § 2732b. Improving research and evaluation of public diplomacy

1371. §2733 — Reemployment of annuitants under the Civil Service Retirement System and Federal Employees’ Retirement System

1372. §2734 — Reconstruction and stabilization

1373. § 2734a. Authorities related to personnel

1374. Section 1605 of this title , referred to in text, means section 1605 of title XVI of Pub. L. 110–417 .

1375. § 2734b. Report on diversity recruitment, employment, retention, and promotion

1376. § 2734c. Employee assignment restrictions

1377. § 2734d. Recruitment and retention of individuals who have lived, worked, or studied in predominantly Muslim countries or communities

1378. § 2734e. Annual Report

1379. § 2734f. Strategic staffing plan for the Department of State

1380. § 2734g. Promoting transparency and accountability in the Department of State workforce

1381. § 2734h. Increased accountability in assignment restrictions and reviews

1382. §2735 — Foreign relations exchange programs

1383. § 2735a. Presidential Envoy for the Abraham Accords, Negev Forum, and Related Integration and Normalization Fora and Agreements

1384. § 2735b. National Museum of American Diplomacy

1385. §2736 — Exit interviews for workforce

1386. § 2736a. Recruitment and retention

1387. § 2736b. Leadership engagement and accountability

1388. § 2736c. Professional development opportunities and tools

1389. § 2736d. Payne fellowship authorization

1390. § 2736e. Voluntary participation

1391. § 2736f. Efforts to improve retention and prevent retaliation

1392. §2737 — Department of State paid Student Internship Program

1393. §2738 — Mid-Career Mentoring Program

1394. §2739 — Civil service rotational program

1395. §2740 — Career intermission program adjustment to enhance retention

1396. §2741 — Authority to pay for or reimburse for certain security services

1397. §2751 — Need for international defense cooperation and military export controls; Presidential waiver; report to Congress; arms sales policy As declared by the Congress in the Arms Control and Disarmament Act [22 U.S.C. 2551 et seq.], an ultimate goal of the United States continues to be a world which is free from the scourge of war and the dangers and burdens of armaments; in which the use of force has been subordinated to the rule of law; and in which international adjustments to a changing world are achieved peacefully. In furtherance of that goal, it remains the policy of the United States to encourage regional arms control and disarmament agreements and to discourage arms races. The Congress recognizes, however, that the United States and other free and independent countries continue to have valid requirements for effective and mutually beneficial defense relationships in order to maintain and foster the environment of international peace and security essential to social, economic, and political progress. Because of the growing cost and complexity of defense equipment, it is increasingly difficult and uneconomic for any country, particularly a developing country, to fill all of its legitimate defense requirements from its own design and production base. The need for international defense cooperation among the United States and those friendly countries to which it is allied by mutual defense treaties is especially important, since the effectiveness of their armed forces to act in concert to deter or defeat aggression is directly related to the operational compatibility of their defense equipment. Accordingly, it remains the policy of the United States to facilitate the common defense by entering into international arrangements with friendly countries which further the objective of applying agreed resources of each country to programs and projects of cooperative exchange of data, research, development, production, procurement, and logistics support to achieve specific national defense requirements and objectives of mutual concern. To this end, this chapter authorizes sales by the United States Government to friendly countries having sufficient wealth to maintain and equip their own military forces at adequate strength, or to assume progressively larger shares of the costs thereof, without undue burden to their economies, in accordance with the restraints and control measures specified herein and in furtherance of the security objectives of the United States and of the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter. It is the sense of the Congress that all such sales be approved only when they are consistent with the foreign policy interests of the United States, the purposes of the foreign assistance program of the United States as embodied in the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended [22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.], the extent and character of the military requirement, and the economic and financial capability of the recipient country, with particular regard being given, where appropriate, to proper balance among such sales, grant military assistance, and economic assistance as well as to the impact of the sales on programs of social and economic development and on existing or incipient arms races. It shall be the policy of the United States to exert leadership in the world community to bring about arrangements for reducing the international trade in implements of war and to lessen the danger of outbreak of regional conflict and the burdens of armaments. United States programs for or procedures governing the export, sale, and grant of defense articles and defense services to foreign countries and international organizations shall be administered in a manner which will carry out this policy. It is the sense of the Congress that the President should seek to initiate multilateral discussions for the purpose of reaching agreements among the principal arms suppliers and arms purchasers and other countries with respect to the control of the international trade in armaments. It is further the sense of Congress that the President should work actively with all nations to check and control the international sale and distribution of conventional weapons of death and destruction and to encourage regional arms control arrangements. In furtherance of this policy, the President should undertake a concerted effort to convene an international conference of major arms-supplying and arms-purchasing nations which shall consider measures to limit conventional arms transfers in the interest of international peace and stability. It is the sense of the Congress that the aggregate value of defense articles and defense services-

1398. §2752 — Coordination with foreign policy

1399. §2753 — Eligibility for defense services or defense articles

1400. §2753 — Section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(D)(i), (3)(C)(i), is section 601(b) of Pub. L. 94–329 , June 30, 1976 , 90 Stat. 729 , which made provision for expedited procedures in the Senate, and is not classified to the Code.

1401. §2754 — Purposes for which military sales or leases by the United States are authorized; report to Congress

1402. §2755 — Discrimination prohibited if based on race, religion, national origin, or sex

1403. §2755 — Section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976, referred to in subsec. (d)(3)(B), (C), is section 601(b) of Pub. L. 94–329 , June 30, 1976 , 90 Stat. 729 , which made provision for expedited procedures in the Senate, and was not classified to the Code.

1404. §2756 — Foreign intimidation and harassment of individuals in United States

1405. §2761 — Sales from stocks

1406. §2761 — Section 814 of the act of October 7, 1975 ( Public Law 94–106 ), referred to in subsec. (g), is not classified to the Code.

1407. §2762 — Procurement for cash sales

1408. §2763 — Credit sales

1409. §2764 — Guaranties

1410. §2765 — Annual estimate and justification for sales program

1411. §2766 — Security assistance surveys

1412. §2767 — Authority of President to enter into cooperative projects with friendly foreign countries

1413. §2769 — Foreign military construction sales

1414. §2770 — General authority

1415. § 2770a. Exchange of training and related support

1416. §2771 — Military sales authorizations and ceilings

1417. §2773 — Restraint in arms sales to Sub-Saharan Africa

1418. §2774 — Foreign military sales credit standards

1419. §2775 — Foreign military sales to less developed countries

1420. §2776 — Reports and certifications to Congress on military exports

1421. §2776 — Section 2768 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(4), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title X, § 1064(a) , Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 445 .

1422. §2776 — Section 4614(c) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (g), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1423. §2776 — Section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976, referred to in subsecs. (b)(2), (c)(3)(A), and (d)(5)(A), is section 601(b) of Pub. L. 94–329 , June 30, 1976 , 90 Stat. 729 , which made provision for expedited procedures in the Senate, and was not classified to the Code.

1424. §2777 — Fiscal provisions relating to foreign military sales credits

1425. §2778 — Control of arms exports and imports

1426. §2778 — Section 104 of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ( 15 U.S.C. 78dd–2 ), referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(A)(vi), probably means section 104 of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, which is classified to section 78dd–2 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

1427. §2778 — Section 11 of the Export Administration Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(A)(ii), was classified to section 2410 of the former Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as section 4610 of Title 50 . Section 11 of the Act was subsequently repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . Provisions relating to penalties are covered generally in section 4819 of Title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

1428. § 2778a. Exportation of uranium depleted in the isotope 235

1429. §2779 — Fees of military sales agents

1430. § 2779a. Prohibition on incentive payments

1431. §2780 — Section 40(d) of the Arms Export Control Act, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(A), is classified to subsec. (d) of this section.

1432. §2780 — Transactions with countries supporting acts of international terrorism

1433. §2781 — Transactions with countries not fully cooperating with United States antiterrorism efforts

1434. §2785 — End-use monitoring of defense articles and defense services

1435. §2791 — General provisions

1436. §2792 — Administrative expenses

1437. §2793 — Other provisions unaffected

1438. §2794 — Definitions

1439. §2795 — Fund

1440. § 2795a. Use and transfer of items procured by Fund

1441. §2796 — Leasing authority

1442. § 2796a. Reports to Congress

1443. § 2796b. Legislative review procedures

1444. Section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 601(b) of Pub. L. 94–329 , June 30, 1976 , 90 Stat. 765 , which made provision for expedited procedures in the Senate, and was not classified to the Code.

1445. § 2796c. Applicability of other statutory provisions

1446. § 2796d. Loan of materials, supplies, and equipment for research and development purposes

1447. §2797 — Licensing

1448. §2797 — Section 1. Chemical and Biological Weapons Proliferation and Use Sanctions . (a) Chemical and Biological Weapons Proliferation . The authority and duties vested in me by section 81 of the Arms Export Control Act, as amended (“AECA”) ( 22 U.S.C. 2798 ), and section 11C of the Export Administration Act of 1979, as amended (“EAA”) (50 U.S.C. App. 2410c) [now 50 U.S.C. 4613 ], are delegated to the Secretary of State, except that:

1449. §2797 — Section 4605( l ) of title 50, referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1450. § 2797a. Denial of transfer of missile equipment or technology by United States persons

1451. § 2797b. Transfers of missile equipment or technology by foreign persons

1452. § 2797c. Definitions

1453. Section 4618(2) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (a)(6), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1454. §2798 — Sanctions against certain foreign persons

1455. §2799 — Purpose

1456. § 2799a. CFE Treaty obligations

1457. § 2799aa. Nuclear enrichment transfers

1458. Section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B), is section 601(b) of Pub. L. 94–329 , title VI, June 30, 1976 , 90 Stat. 765 , which is not classified to the Code.

1459. § 2799b. Authorities

1460. § 2799c. Notifications and reports to Congress

1461. § 2799d. Definitions

1462. §2801 — Congressional findings

1463. §2802 — Federal recognition

1464. §2803 — Federal participation

1465. §2804 — Establishment of standards and criteria; publication in the Federal Register

1466. §2805 — Withdrawal of Federal recognition or participation

1467. §2806 — Other provisions unaffected

1468. §2807 — Authorization of appropriations

1469. §2901 — Congressional statement of findings and declaration of purpose

1470. §2902 — Japan-United States Friendship Trust Fund

1471. §2903 — Japan-United States Friendship Commission

1472. §2904 — Functions of Commission

1473. §2905 — Administrative powers of Commission

1474. §2906 — Management of the Friendship Trust Fund

1475. §3001 — Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe; establishment

1476. §3002 — Function and duties of Commission

1477. §3003 — Commission membership

1478. §3004 — Testimony of witnesses, production of evidence; issuance of subpena; administration of oaths

1479. §3006 — Commission report to Congress; periodic reports; expenditure of appropriations

1480. §3007 — Appropriations for Commission

1481. §3008 — Commission staff

1482. §3008 — Section 3304(i)(1) of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (d)(2), probably means section 3304(c)(1) of title 5 prior to the amendments made by Pub. L. 104–65, § 16(a) , (b), Dec. 19, 1995 , 109 Stat. 703 , which struck out section 3304(c) of title 5 and redesignated section 3304(d) of title 5 as 3304(c), and by Pub. L. 118–188, § 2(a)(1)(A) , Dec. 23, 2024 , 138 Stat. 2644 , which redesignated section 3304(c) of title 5 as 3304(i). Prior to these amendments, section 3304(c)(1) related to acquisition of competitive status by an individual who served for at least 3 years in the legislative branch in a position in which he was paid by the Secretary of the Senate or the Clerk of the House of Representatives.

1483. §3009 — Printing and binding costs

1484. §3101 — Congressional statement of findings and declaration of purpose

1485. §3101 — Section 1. All the functions vested in the President by the International Investment and Trade in Services Survey Act ( 90 Stat. 2059 , 22 U.S.C. 3101 ) [this chapter], hereinafter referred to as the Act, are hereby delegated to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, hereinafter referred to as the Director. The Director may, from time to time, designate other officers or agencies of the Federal Government to perform any or all of the functions hereby delegated to the Director, subject to such instructions, limitations, and directions as the Director deems appropriate.

1486. §3102 — Definitions

1487. §3103 — Presidential authority and duties

1488. §3104 — Rules and regulations

1489. §3105 — Enforcement

1490. §3106 — Section 5703 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (a), was amended generally by Pub. L. 94–22, § 4 , May 19, 1975 , 89 Stat. 85 , and, as so amended, does not contain a subsec. (b).

1491. §3106 — Use of experts and administrative support services

1492. §3107 — Consultations; creation of independent public advisory committees

1493. §3108 — Authorization of appropriations

1494. §3141 — Congressional findings

1495. §3142 — Report by Secretary of Commerce

1496. §3142 — Section 6683 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was omitted from the Code.

1497. §3143 — Reports by Government Accountability Office

1498. §3144 — Access to information; confidentiality

1499. §3145 — Construction of foreign direct investment and international financial data provisions

1500. §3146 — Definitions

1501. §3201 — Congressional declaration of policy

1502. §3201 — Section 1. Department of Energy . The following functions vested in the President by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 ( 92 Stat. 120 , 22 U.S.C. 3201 ), hereinafter referred to as the Act, and by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended ( 42 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.), hereinafter referred to as the 1954 Act, are delegated or assigned to the Secretary of Energy:

1503. §3201 — Title VIII of Pub. L. 103–236 , Apr. 30, 1994 , 108 Stat. 507 , known as the Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994, was amended by Pub. L. 104–164, title I, § 157 , July 21, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1440 . As so amended, title VIII has been primarily transferred to chapter 72 (§ 6301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of title VIII to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6301 of this title and Tables.

1504. §3202 — Congressional statement of purpose

1505. §3203 — Definitions

1506. §3221 — Congressional declaration of policy

1507. §3222 — Uranium enrichment capacity

1508. §3223 — International undertakings

1509. §3224 — Reevaluation of nuclear fuel cycle

1510. Section 101(20) of this Act, referred to in text, is section 101(20) of Pub. L. 95–238 , title I, Feb. 25, 1978 , 92 Stat. 48 , which authorized appropriations for fuel cycle research and development and which was not classified to the Code. Pub. L. 95–238 is known as the Department of Energy Act of 1978—Civilian Applications.

1511. § 3224a. Studies and agreements by Secretary of Energy on multinational or international basis concerning spent fuel storage facilities and transportation systems; congressional consent; authorization of appropriations; limitations on use of funds; exceptions; special nuclear material for India

1512. §3241 — Congressional declaration of policy

1513. §3242 — Training program

1514. §3243 — Negotiations

1515. §3244 — Actions to combat international nuclear terrorism

1516. §3261 — Congressional declaration of policy; Presidential report to Congress

1517. §3262 — Programs

1518. §3262 — Section 2151d(a)(2) of this title , referred to in subsec. (e), which at the time of enactment of this section related to programs to increase energy production and conservation in developing countries, was deleted in the general amendment of section 2151d by Pub. L. 96–53, title I , §§ 104(b), 105, Aug. 14, 1979 , 93 Stat. 360 , 362. For provisions relating to cooperative programs with developing countries in energy production and conservation, see section 2151d(b)(2) of this title .

1519. §3262 — Section 2151q of this title , referred to in subsec. (e), was repealed by Pub. L. 96–533, title III, § 304(g) , Dec. 16, 1980 , 94 Stat. 3147 . See section 2151d(a)(2), (b)(2), (c) of this title.

1520. §3281 — Annual Presidential report to Congress on governmental efforts to prevent proliferation

1521. §3282 — Reports by departments and agencies

1522. §3301 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

1523. §3301 — Section 1. Delegation and Reservation of Functions.

1524. §3302 — Implementation of United States policy with regard to Taiwan

1525. §3303 — Application to Taiwan of laws and international agreements

1526. §3304 — Overseas Private Investment Corporation

1527. §3304 — Section 2191 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title VI, § 1464(2) , Oct. 5, 2018 , 132 Stat. 3513 .

1528. §3305 — The American Institute in Taiwan

1529. §3306 — Services to United States citizens on Taiwan

1530. §3307 — Exemption from taxation

1531. §3308 — Activities of United States Government agencies

1532. §3309 — Taiwan instrumentality

1533. §3310 — Chapter 21 (§ 3101 et seq.) of title 26, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is known as the Federal Insurance Contributions Act.

1534. §3310 — Employment of United States Government agency personnel

1535. §3310 — Section 1. A United States citizen who is a family member of a Federal civilian employee who has separated from Federal service to accept employment with the American Institute in Taiwan pursuant to section 11 of Public Law 96–8 ( 22 U.S.C. 3310(a) ) may be appointed noncompetitively in a manner similar to noncompetitive appointments under Executive Order 12721 [ 5 U.S.C. 3301 note] and implementing regulations of the Office of Personnel Management to a competitive service position in the executive branch, provided such family member meets the qualifications and other requirements established by the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, including an appropriate period of satisfactory overseas employment with the American Institute in Taiwan.

1536. §3310 — Section 913 of title 26 , referred to in subsec. (d)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 97–34, title I, § 112(a) , Aug. 13, 1981 , 95 Stat. 194 .

1537. § 3310a. Commercial personnel at American Institute of Taiwan

1538. §3311 — Reporting requirements

1539. §3312 — Rules and regulations

1540. §3313 — Congressional oversight

1541. §3314 — Definitions

1542. §3315 — Authorization of appropriations

1543. §3316 — Severability

1544. §3351 — Modernizing Taiwan’s security capabilities to deter and, if necessary, defeat aggression by the People’s Republic of China

1545. §3352 — Establishment

1546. §3353 — International military education and training cooperation with Taiwan

1547. §3354 — Use of Special Defense Acquisition Fund

1548. §3355 — Multi-year plan to fulfill defensive requirements of military forces of Taiwan

1549. §3356 — Fast-tracking sales to Taiwan under foreign military sales program

1550. §3357 — Findings and statement of policy

1551. § 3357a. Statement of policy on Taiwan

1552. § 3357b. Establishment of training, advising, and institutional capacity-building program for military forces of Taiwan

1553. §3361 — Strategy to respond to influence and information operations targeting Taiwan

1554. §3362 — Sec. 2. Establishment . There is established within the Executive Office of the President the Countering Economic Coercion Task Force (Task Force).

1555. §3362 — Sec. 3. Membership . (a) The Task Force shall be chaired by the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, or his or her designee, and vice-chaired by the Director of the National Economic Council, or his or her designee.

1556. §3362 — Sec. 4. Mission and Function . The Task Force shall work across agencies and offices to oversee the development and implementation of an integrated United States Government strategy to respond to and deter coercive economic practices by countries of concern, including the PRC. That strategy shall include the elements outlined in section 5514(c)(1)(A) of the Act ( 22 U.S.C. 3362(c)(1)(A) ) and shall, consistent with section 5514(c)(2) of the Act ( 22 U.S.C. 3362(c)(2) ), be informed by consultations with relevant stakeholders, including, as necessary and appropriate, stakeholders in the private sector, agencies that are not represented on the Task Force, and foreign allies and partners of the United States. The Task Force shall also perform the other responsibilities set forth in section 5514(c)(1) of the Act ( 22 U.S.C. 3362(c)(1) ).

1557. §3362 — Sec. 5. Reporting on the Work and Recommendations of the Task Force . (a) Within 180 days of the date of this memorandum [ Dec. 12, 2024 ], the Task Force shall submit to the Congress the initial report described in section 5514(e)(1) of the Act ( 22 U.S.C. 3362(e)(1) ).

1558. §3362 — Sec. 6. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1559. §3362 — Section 1. Policy . Consistent with section 5514 of the James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 ( Public Law 117–263 , 22 U.S.C. 3362 ) (the “Act”), I am directing the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs and the Director of the National Economic Council to oversee an interagency effort to address the increasing use of economic coercion by countries of concern, including the PRC; to assess potential vulnerabilities of countries, including within their private sectors, to such coercion; and to develop concrete recommendations for a comprehensive, effective, and, as appropriate, multilateral response, including to deter future coercive economic behavior.

1560. §3362 — Task force to counter economic coercion by the People’s Republic of China

1561. §3363 — China censorship monitor and action group

1562. §3363 — Sec. 2. Establishment . There is established within the Executive Office of the President the China Censorship Monitor and Action Group (Task Force).

1563. §3363 — Sec. 3. Membership . (a) The Task Force shall be chaired by the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, or his or her designee, and vice-chaired by the Director of the National Economic Council, or his or her designee.

1564. §3363 — Sec. 4. Mission and Function . The Task Force shall meet not less frequently than twice per year to oversee the development and execution of the integrated Federal Government strategy described in section 5515(b)(3)(A) of the Act ( 22 U.S.C. 3363(b)(3)(A) ). That strategy shall reflect the collective views of the members of the Task Force and shall be informed by consultations with agencies and independent agencies that are not represented on the Task Force; relevant stakeholders in the private sector and the media; and relevant stakeholders among foreign allies and partners of the United States.

1565. §3363 — Sec. 5. Annual Report of the Task Force . (a) Within 120 days of the date of this memorandum [ Dec. 12, 2024 ], the Task Force shall submit to the President and the appropriate congressional committees, as defined in section 5515(a)(1) of the Act ( 22 U.S.C. 3363(a)(1) ), the strategy described in section 5515(b)(3)(A) of the Act.

1566. §3363 — Sec. 6. Definition . For purposes of this memorandum, the term “United States person” shall have the meaning provided in section 5515(a)(3) of the Act ( 22 U.S.C. 3363(a)(3) ).

1567. §3363 — Sec. 7. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1568. §3363 — Section 1. Policy . Consistent with section 5515(b) of the James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 ( Public Law 117–263 , 22 U.S.C. 3363(b) ) (the “Act”), I am directing the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs and the Director of the National Economic Council to lead an interagency effort to oversee the development and execution of an integrated Federal Government strategy to monitor and address the effects of any efforts by the PRC to censor or intimidate, in the United States or in any of its possessions or territories, any United States person, including a United States company that conducts business in the PRC, exercising its freedom of speech.

1569. §3371 — Findings

1570. §3372 — Strategy to support Taiwan’s meaningful participation in international organizations

1571. §3373 — Meaningful participation of Taiwan in the International Civil Aviation Organization

1572. §3381 — Findings

1573. §3382 — Purposes

1574. §3383 — Definitions

1575. §3384 — Taiwan Fellowship Program

1576. §3385 — Reports and audits

1577. §3386 — Taiwan fellows on detail from Government service

1578. §3387 — Funding

1579. §3388 — Supporting United States educational and exchange programs with Taiwan

1580. §3391 — Rule of construction

1581. §3392 — Rule of construction regarding the use of military force

1582. §3401 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

1583. §3402 — Supplemental authorization of foreign military sales loan guaranties for Egypt and Israel

1584. §3403 — Supplemental authorization of economic support for Egypt

1585. §3404 — Transfer of facilities of United States Sinai Field Mission to Egypt

1586. §3405 — Contributions by other countries to support peace in the Middle East

1587. §3406 — Trilateral scientific and technological cooperation by Egypt, Israel, and United States

1588. §3408 — Non-proliferation of nuclear weapons

1589. §3421 — Congressional declaration of policy

1590. §3422 — Participation of United States personnel in the Multinational Force and Observers

1591. §3423 — Section 138 of the joint resolution entitled “Joint resolution making continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 1982, and for other purposes”, approved October 1, 1981 ( Public Law 97–51 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 138 of Pub. L. 97–51 , Oct. 1, 1981 , 95 Stat. 967 , which is not classified to the Code.

1592. §3423 — United States contributions to costs

1593. §3424 — Nonreimbursed costs

1594. §3425 — Reports to Congress

1595. §3425 — Section 1. Delegation of Functions . The reporting function conferred upon the President by Section 6 of the Multinational Force and Observers Participation Resolution ( 22 U.S.C. 3425 ) is delegated to the Secretary of State.

1596. §3426 — Statements of Congressional intent

1597. §3427 — Definitions

1598. §3501 — Congressional statement of policy

1599. §3502 — Purposes and establishment; policy guidelines and objectives

1600. §3503 — Functions

1601. §3504 — General authorities; fiscal requirement for authorities

1602. §3505 — Director

1603. §3506 — Deputy Director

1604. §3507 — Council on International Scientific and Technological Cooperation

1605. §3508 — Fellowships

1606. §3509 — Conflict of interest; personnel and activities covered

1607. §3510 — Authorization of appropriations

1608. §3513 — Expiration of statutory authorities

1609. §3601 — Congressional statement of purpose

1610. §3602 — Definitions

1611. §3611 — Establishment, purposes, offices, and residence of Commission

1612. §3612 — Supervisory Board

1613. § 3612a. General powers of Commission

1614. § 3612b. Specific powers of Commission

1615. §3613 — Administrator

1616. §3614 — Deputy Administrator

1617. §3615 — Consultative Committee

1618. §3616 — Joint Commission on the Environment

1619. §3617 — Travel expenses

1620. §3618 — Defense of Panama Canal

1621. §3619 — Joint sea level canal study

1622. §3620 — Authority of Ambassador; independence of Commission regarding its Panama Canal responsibilities

1623. §3621 — Security legislation

1624. §3622 — Code of conduct for Commission personnel

1625. §3623 — Office of Ombudsman

1626. §3641 — Definitions

1627. §3642 — Appointment and compensation; duties

1628. §3643 — Transfer of Federal employees

1629. §3644 — Compensation of individuals in uniformed services

1630. §3645 — Deduction from basic pay of amounts due for supplies or services

1631. §3648 — Privileges and immunities of certain employees

1632. §3649 — Applicability of certain benefits

1633. §3649 — Chapter 81 of title 5, relating to compensation for work injuries, chapters 83 and 84 of such title 5, relating to retirement, chapter 87 of such title 5, relating to life insurance, and chapter 89 of such title 5, relating to health insurance, are applicable to Commission employees, except any individual—

1634. §3650 — Air transportation

1635. §3651 — Definitions

1636. §3652 — Panama Canal Employment System; merit and other employment requirements

1637. §3653 — Employment standards

1638. §3656 — Uniform application of standards and rates

1639. §3657 — Recruitment and retention remuneration

1640. § 3657a. Quarters allowances

1641. Section 1. The Secretary of Defense is authorized to prescribe the regulations referred to in section 1217a of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 [ 22 U.S.C. 3657a ], relating to quarters allowances.

1642. §3658 — Benefits based on basic pay

1643. §3658 — Section 3657(a) of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 105–261, div. C, title XXXV, § 3507(a) , Oct. 17, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2269 .

1644. §3660 — Review and adjustment of classifications, grades, and pay level

1645. §3661 — Panama Canal Board of Appeals; duties

1646. §3662 — Appeals to Board; procedures

1647. §3664 — Applicability of title 5

1648. §3671 — Section 1231(d) of Pub. L. 96–70 amended sections 5595, 5724a, and 8102 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

1649. §3671 — Transferred or reemployed employees

1650. §3672 — Placement

1651. §3673 — Section 663 of the Treasury, Postal Service, and General Government Appropriations Act, 1997 (as contained in section 101(f) of division A of Public Law 104–208 ; 110 Stat. 3009–383 ), referred to in subsec. (a), is set out as a note under section 5597 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

1652. §3673 — Transition separation incentive payments

1653. §3681 — Retirement under special treaty provisions

1654. §3682 — Administration of certain disability benefits

1655. §3682 — Section 13(a)(1) of Act July 25, 1958 , referred to in subsec. (e), probably means section 13(a) of Pub. L. 85–550 , July 25, 1958 , 72 Stat. 405 , which is set out as a note under section 8331 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

1656. §3691 — Individuals considered employees

1657. §3691 — Section 1231 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a), amended sections 5595, 5724a, and 8102 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

1658. §3691 — Section 1241 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a), amended section 8336 of Title 5 and enacted provisions set out as notes thereunder.

1659. §3691 — Section 1242 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a), amended section 8339 of Title 5 and enacted provisions set out as notes thereunder.

1660. §3691 — Section 3646 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–261, div. C, title XXXV, § 3507(a) , Oct. 17, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2269 .

1661. §3701 — Labor-management relations

1662. §3712 — Panama Canal Revolving Fund

1663. §3712 — Section 3504 of Public Law 106–65 , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), is section 3504 of Pub. L. 106–65 , div. C, title XXXV, Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 975 , which amended section 3714a of this title and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 3714a of this title .

1664. § 3712a. Authority to lease office space

1665. Section 210 of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949 ( 40 U.S.C. 490 ), referred to in text, was section 210 of act June 30, 1949, ch. 288 , which was classified to section 490 of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, and was repealed and reenacted as sections 581 to 584, 588 and 589 and parts of sections 585 to 587 and 592 of Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, by Pub. L. 107–217 , §§ 1, 6(b), Aug. 21, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1062 , 1304. For disposition of section 490 of former Title 40, see Table at beginning of Title 40.

1666. §3713 — Panama Canal emergency authority

1667. §3714 — Borrowing authority

1668. § 3714a. Dissolution of Commission

1669. § 3714b. Printing

1670. §3715 — Establishment of Compensation Fund

1671. § 3715a. Operation of Fund

1672. § 3715b. Transfers from Fund for compensation benefits

1673. § 3715c. Final evaluation of Fund; deficiency or surplus in Fund

1674. § 3715d. Continuation of benefits

1675. §3721 — Accounting policies

1676. §3723 — Audits

1677. §3731 — Reimbursements

1678. §3741 — Postal service

1679. §3751 — Payments to Republic of Panama

1680. §3752 — Transactions with Republic of Panama

1681. §3753 — Disaster relief

1682. §3754 — Congressional restraints on property transfers and tax expenditures; formal apprisal of Panama

1683. §3761 — Settlement of claims generally

1684. §3771 — Injuries in locks of canal; adjustment and payment of claims

1685. §3772 — Injuries outside locks

1686. §3773 — Measure of damages generally

1687. §3774 — Delays for which no responsibility is assumed

1688. §3775 — Settlement of claims

1689. §3776 — Actions on claims

1690. §3777 — Investigation of accident or injury giving rise to claim

1691. §3778 — Board of local inspectors

1692. §3779 — Insurance

1693. §3781 — Assets and liabilities of Panama Canal Company

1694. §3782 — Transfers and cross-servicing between agencies

1695. §3783 — Disposition of property of United States

1696. §3784 — Transfer of property to Republic of Panama

1697. §3791 — Prescription of measurement rules and rates of tolls

1698. §3792 — Bases of tolls

1699. §3793 — Interest on investments

1700. §3794 — Procedures

1701. §3811 — Operating regulations

1702. §3821 — Vessels subject to inspection

1703. §3822 — Foreign vessels

1704. §3823 — Regulations governing inspection

1705. §3861 — Procurement system

1706. §3862 — Panama Canal Board of Contract Appeals

1707. §3871 — Annual report

1708. §3872 — Notification requirements

1709. §3873 — Exemption from Metric Conversion Act of 1975

1710. §3901 — Congressional findings and objectives

1711. §3901 — Section 1. Section 1(k) of Executive Order No. 9154, as amended, is amended by inserting immediately before the period at the end thereof a comma and the words “or under authority of section 303 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 ( 22 U.S.C. 3943 )”.

1712. §3901 — Section 1. There are hereby delegated to the Secretary of State those functions vested in the President by Sections 205, 401(a), 502(c), 613, and 801 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, hereinafter referred to as the Act ( 22 U.S.C. 3925 , 3942(a)(1), 3892(c) [3982(c)], 4013, and 4041).

1713. §3902 — Definitions

1714. §3902 — Section 552(e) of title 5 , referred to in par. (2), was redesignated section 552(f) of title 5 by section 1802(b) of Pub. L. 99–570 .

1715. §3903 — Members of Service

1716. §3904 — Functions of Service

1717. §3905 — Personnel actions

1718. §3921 — Administration by Secretary of State

1719. §3922 — Section 1. The Director of the United States Information Agency is hereby authorized to carry out the functions of the Board of the Foreign Service, provided for by the Foreign Service Act of 1946 ( 60 Stat. 999 ) [this chapter], with respect to personnel appointed or assigned for service in the United States Information Agency under the provisions of such Act, as amended [this chapter]: Provided , That nothing herein contained shall be construed as transferring to the said Director any function of the said Board relating to any Foreign Service Officer.

1720. §3922 — Utilization of Foreign Service personnel system by other agencies

1721. § 3922a. Representation of minorities and women in Foreign Service

1722. § 3922b. Public diplomacy training

1723. § 3922c. Integration of foreign economic policy

1724. §3923 — Compatibility among agencies utilizing Foreign Service personnel system

1725. §3924 — Uniform and consolidated administration of Service

1726. §3925 — Compatibility between Foreign Service and other Government personnel systems

1727. §3926 — Regulations; delegation of functions

1728. §3927 — Chief of mission

1729. § 3927a. Review by chief of mission

1730. § 3927b. Reporting requirement on chiefs of mission

1731. §3928 — Director General of Foreign Service

1732. §3929 — Inspector General

1733. § 3929a. Abolishment of Inspector General of Department of State and Foreign Service

1734. § 3929b. Cooperation with Office of the Inspector General

1735. §3930 — Board of Foreign Service

1736. §3931 — Board of Examiners

1737. §3941 — General provisions

1738. §3942 — Appointments by the President

1739. §3943 — Appointments by the Secretary

1740. §3944 — Chiefs of Mission

1741. §3945 — Section 3393a of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 107–296, title XIII, § 1321(a)(1)(B) , Nov. 25, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2296 .

1742. §3945 — Senior Foreign Service

1743. §3946 — Career appointments

1744. §3947 — Entry levels for Foreign Service officer candidates

1745. §3948 — Recall and reappointment of career members

1746. §3949 — Limited appointments

1747. §3950 — Reemployment rights following limited appointment

1748. §3951 — United States citizens hired abroad

1749. §3952 — Diplomatic and consular missions

1750. §3961 — Salaries of chiefs of mission

1751. §3962 — Salaries of Senior Foreign Service members

1752. §3963 — Foreign Service Schedule

1753. §3964 — Assignments to salary class

1754. §3965 — Performance pay

1755. §3966 — Within-class salary increases

1756. §3967 — Salaries for Foreign Service personnel abroad who perform routine duties

1757. §3968 — Local compensation plans

1758. § 3968a. Locally-employed staff wages

1759. §3969 — Salaries of consular agents

1760. §3970 — Compensation for imprisoned foreign national employees

1761. §3971 — Temporary service as principal officer

1762. §3972 — Special differentials

1763. §3973 — Death gratuities

1764. §3974 — Border equalization pay adjustment

1765. §3975 — Group life insurance supplement applicable to those killed in terrorist attacks

1766. §3975 — Section 2656f(d) of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(1) and (b), was in the original “section 140(d) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1998 and 1999”, and was translated as meaning “section 140(d) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1767. §3976 — Section 2656f(d) of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), was in the original “section 140(d) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1998 and 1999”, and was translated as meaning “section 140(d) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1768. §3976 — Survivors’ and dependents’ educational assistance

1769. §3981 — Authority of Secretary

1770. §3982 — Assignments to Foreign Service positions

1771. §3982 — Section 3902(a)(3) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was redesignated section 3902(3) of this title pursuant to Pub. L. 98–164 , which struck out the designation “(a)” and subsec. (b) of section 3902.

1772. §3983 — Assignments to non-Service and other positions

1773. §3984 — Service in United States and abroad

1774. §3985 — Temporary details

1775. §4001 — Promotions

1776. §4002 — Establishment of selection boards

1777. §4003 — Recommendations and rankings

1778. §4004 — Records

1779. §4005 — Implementation of selection board recommendations

1780. §4006 — Other bases for promoting or increasing pay

1781. §4007 — Retirement for expiration of time in class

1782. §4008 — Retirement based on failure to meet standard of performance

1783. §4009 — Retirement benefits

1784. §4010 — Separation for cause; suspension

1785. § 4010a. Reductions in force

1786. §4011 — Termination of limited appointments

1787. §4012 — Termination of appointments of consular agents and foreign national employees

1788. § 4012a. Foreign national employees separation pay

1789. §4013 — Department awards

1790. §4021 — Institution for training

1791. §4021 — Section 701 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, referred to in subsec. (a), which was classified to section 1041 of this title , was repealed by Pub. L. 96–465, title II, § 2205(1) , Oct. 17, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2159 .

1792. §4022 — Foreign language requirements

1793. §4023 — Career development program

1794. §4024 — Functions of Secretary

1795. §4025 — Training grants

1796. §4026 — Career counseling

1797. §4027 — Visiting Scholars Program

1798. §4028 — Training for Foreign Service officers

1799. § 4028a. Per diem allowance for newly hired members of the Foreign Service

1800. §4029 — Increased training in multilateral diplomacy

1801. §4030 — Suitability reviews for Foreign Service Institute instructors

1802. §4041 — Administration

1803. §4041 — Section 18 of the Act of May 24, 1924 ( 43 Stat. 144 ), referred to in text, which was classified to section 21 of this title , was repealed by act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131(44) , 60 Stat. 1038 .

1804. §4042 — Maintenance of Fund

1805. §4042 — Section 18 of the Act of May 24, 1924 ( 43 Stat. 144 ), referred to in text, which was classified to section 21 of this title , was repealed by act Aug. 13, 1946, ch. 957, title XI, § 1131(44) , 60 Stat. 1038 .

1806. §4043 — Participants

1807. §4044 — Definitions

1808. §4045 — Contributions to Fund

1809. §4045 — Section 1(a) and (c) of Ex. Ord. No. 12446, Oct. 17, 1983 , 48 F.R. 48443, set out as a note under section 4067 of this title , provided that the second sentence of subsec. (d)(3) of this section, applicable (i) to contributions for civilian service performed on or after the first day of Nov. 1983, (ii) to contributions for prior refunds to participants for which application is received by the employing agency on and after such first day of Nov. 1983, and (iii) to excess contributions under section 4055(h) of this title and voluntary contributions under section 4065(a) of this title from the first day of Nov. 1983, is deemed to be amended to provide that interest shall be compounded at the annual rate of 3 percent per annum through December 31, 1984 , and thereafter at a rate equal to the overall average yield to the Fund during the preceding fiscal year from all obligations purchased by the Secretary of the Treasury during such fiscal year under section 4059 of this title , as determined by the Secretary of the Treasury.

1810. §4045 — Section 505(h) of the Department of Transportation and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 101(a) [title V, § 505(h)] of Pub. L. 106–346 , which is set out as a note below.

1811. §4045 — Section 8422(a)(2) of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), was amended by Pub. L. 105–33, title VII, § 7001(b)(1)(A) , Aug. 5, 1997 , 111 Stat. 657 , by striking out par. (2) and adding a new par. (2). As so amended, section 8422(a)(2)(B) of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees, no longer specifies the amount to be withheld from the basic pay of a law enforcement officer. However, provisions relating to the amount to be withheld from the basic pay of a law enforcement officer are contained elsewhere in section 8422.

1812. §4046 — Computation of annuities

1813. §4046 — Section 1(b) and (c) of Ex. Ord. No. 12446, Oct. 17, 1983 , 48 F.R. 48443, set out as a note under section 4067 of this title , provided that subsection (a) of this section, applicable (i) to contributions for civilian service performed on or after the first day of Nov. 1983, (ii) to contributions for prior refunds to participants for which application is received by the employing agency on and after such first day of Nov. 1983, and (iii) to excess contributions under section 4055(h) of this title and voluntary contributions under section 4065(a) of this title from the first day of Nov. 1983, is deemed to be amended to exclude from the computation of creditable civilian service under section 4056(a) of this title any period of civilian service for which retirement deductions or contributions have not been made under section 4045(d) of this title unless—

1814. §4047 — Payment of annuity

1815. §4048 — Retirement for disability or incapacity

1816. §4048 — Section 5532 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title VI, § 651(a)(1) , Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 664 .

1817. §4049 — Death in service

1818. §4050 — Discontinued service retirement

1819. §4051 — Voluntary retirement

1820. §4052 — Mandatory retirement

1821. §4052 — Section 4(a)(2) of the Department of State Special Agents Retirement Act of 1998, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), is section 4(a)(2) of Pub. L. 105–382 , which is set out as a note under section 4044 of this title .

1822. §4053 — Reassignment and retirement of former Presidential appointees

1823. §4054 — Former spouses

1824. §4055 — Lump-sum payments

1825. §4056 — Creditable service

1826. §4057 — Extra credit for service at unhealthful posts

1827. §4058 — Estimate of appropriations needed

1828. §4059 — Investment of Fund

1829. §4060 — Assignment and attachment of moneys

1830. §4061 — Payments for future benefits

1831. §4062 — Unfunded liability obligations

1832. §4063 — Annuity adjustment for recall service

1833. §4064 — Reemployment

1834. §4065 — Voluntary contribution account

1835. §4066 — Cost-of-living adjustment of annuities

1836. §4067 — Compatibility between retirement systems

1837. §4067 — Section 1. (a) Section 826(c) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 ( 22 U.S.C. 4066(c) ) is deemed to be amended by striking out the first sentence of paragraph (1) thereof, and inserting in lieu thereof the following sentence: “(1) The first increase (if any) made under this section to an annuity which is payable from the Fund to a participant or to the surviving spouse of a deceased participant who dies in service shall be equal to the product (adjusted to the nearest ⅒ of 1 percent) of— “(a) ⅙ of the applicable percent change determined under Subsection (b) of this Section, multiplied by “(b) the number of full months for which the annuity was payable from the Fund before the effective date of the increase (counting any portion of a month as a full month).”.

1838. §4067 — Section 1. Foreign Service Retirement and Disability System . (a) The following provisions of the Federal Physicians Comparability Allowance Amendments of 2000 ( Public Law 106–571 ) [see Tables for classification] shall apply to the Foreign Service Retirement and Disability System, subchapter I of chapter 8 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 [ 22 U.S.C. 4041 et seq.], as amended:

1839. §4067 — Section 1. In conjunction with section 860 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 ( 22 U.S.C. 4071i ), the Secretary of State shall issue regulations providing for an open enrollment period from November 1, 1998 , to April 30, 1999 , during which employee participants in the Foreign Service Retirement and Disability System may elect to become subject to the Foreign Service Pension System.

1840. §4067 — Section 1. Interest Rates, Deposits, Refunds, and Redeposits . (a) The second sentence of Section 805(d)(3) of the Act ( 22 U.S.C. 4045(d)(3) ), the first sentence of Section 815(h) ( 22 U.S.C. 4055(h) ), and the first sentence of Section 825(a) ( 22 U.S.C. 4065(a) ), are deemed to be amended to provide that interest shall be compounded at at the annual rate of 3 percent per annum through December 31, 1984 , and thereafter at a rate equal to the overall average yield to the Fund during the preceding fiscal year from all obligations purchased by the Secretary of the Treasury during such fiscal year under section 819 [ 22 U.S.C. 4059 ], as determined by the Secretary of the Treasury.

1841. §4068 — Remarriage

1842. §4069 — Thrift Savings Fund participation

1843. § 4069a. Retirement benefits for certain former spouses

1844. § 4069b. Survivor benefits for certain former spouses

1845. § 4069c. Health benefits for certain former spouses

1846. §4071 — Establishment; application of Federal Employees’ Retirement System to Foreign Service Pension System participants

1847. § 4071a. Definitions

1848. § 4071b. Participants

1849. § 4071c. Creditable service

1850. Section 204(a)(2) of the Federal Employees’ Retirement Contribution Temporary Adjustment Act of 1983, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is section 204(a)(2) of Pub. L. 98–168 , which is set out as a note under section 8331 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

1851. Section 414 of the Federal Employees’ Retirement System Act of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is section 414 of Pub. L. 99–335 , title IV, June 6, 1986 , 100 Stat. 614 , which amended section 4043 of this title .

1852. § 4071d. Entitlement to annuity

1853. Section 8414 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (a)(3), does not contain the term “average pay”. Section 8415 of title 5 relates to annuity computation, and section 8401 of title 5 defines “average pay”.

1854. § 4071e. Deductions and withholdings from pay

1855. § 4071f. Government contributions

1856. Section 402(b) of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 402(b) of div. A of Pub. L. 113–67 , which amended section 4071e of this title .

1857. § 4071g. Cost-of-living adjustments

1858. § 4071h. General and administrative provisions

1859. § 4071i. Transition provisions

1860. § 4071j. Former spouses

1861. § 4071k. Spousal agreements

1862. §4081 — Travel and related expenses

1863. § 4081a. Exception for Government-financed air transportation; reducing hardship for transportation of domestic animals

1864. § 4081b. Presence of chiefs of mission at diplomatic posts

1865. §4082 — Loan of household effects

1866. §4083 — Required leave

1867. § 4083a. Rest and recuperation leave

1868. § 4083b. Overseas operations leave

1869. §4084 — Health care program

1870. §4085 — Entertainment and representation expenses

1871. §4086 — Entitlement to vote in a State in a Federal election; preconditions; applicability

1872. §4087 — Termination of residential or motor vehicle leases and telephone service contracts

1873. §4088 — Education allowance

1874. §4089 — Portability of professional licenses

1875. §4101 — Congressional findings and policy

1876. §4102 — Definitions

1877. §4103 — Application

1878. §4104 — Employee rights

1879. §4105 — Management rights

1880. §4106 — Foreign Service Labor Relations Board

1881. §4107 — Functions of Foreign Service Labor Relations Board

1882. §4108 — Functions of General Counsel

1883. §4109 — Judicial review and enforcement

1884. §4110 — Foreign Service Impasse Disputes Panel

1885. §4110 — Section 7119(b)(4) of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (b), probably means section 7119(c)(4) of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

1886. §4111 — Exclusive recognition

1887. §4112 — Employees represented

1888. §4113 — Representation rights and duties

1889. §4114 — Resolution of implementation disputes

1890. §4115 — Unfair labor practices

1891. §4116 — Prevention of unfair labor practices

1892. §4117 — Standards of conduct for labor organizations

1893. §4118 — Administrative provisions

1894. §4131 — Definitions and applicability

1895. §4132 — Grievances concerning former members or their survivors

1896. §4133 — Freedom of action

1897. §4134 — Time limitations

1898. §4135 — Foreign Service Grievance Board

1899. §4136 — Foreign Service Grievance Board procedures

1900. §4137 — Foreign Service Grievance Board decisions

1901. §4138 — Access to records

1902. §4139 — Relationship to other remedies

1903. §4140 — Judicial review

1904. §4141 — Statement of policy; objectives

1905. § 4141a. Foreign Service Internship Program

1906. § 4141b. Report to Congress

1907. Section 3905(d)(2) of this title , referred to in text, was omitted from the Code.

1908. § 4141c. Authorization of appropriations

1909. Section 101(a)(1) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991, referred to in text, is section 101(a)(1) of Pub. L. 101–246 , title I, Feb. 16, 1990 , 104 Stat. 18 , which is not classified to the Code.

1910. §4151 — Pay and benefits pending conversion

1911. §4152 — Conversion to Foreign Service Schedule

1912. §4153 — Conversion to Senior Foreign Service

1913. §4154 — Conversion from Foreign Service

1914. §4155 — Conversion of certain positions in Department of Agriculture

1915. §4156 — Preservation of status and benefits

1916. §4156 — Section 633(a)(2) of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), which was classified to section 1003(a)(2) of this title , was repealed by Pub. L. 96–465, title II, § 2205(1) , Oct. 17, 1980 , 94 Stat. 2159 .

1917. §4157 — Regulations

1918. §4158 — Authority of other agencies

1919. §4159 — Survivor benefits for certain former spouses

1920. §4171 — Model foreign language competence posts

1921. §4172 — Savings provisions

1922. §4173 — Congressional oversight of implementation

1923. §4173 — Section 4001(c)(4) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 114–323, title VII, § 715(b)(5) , Dec. 16, 2016 , 130 Stat. 1946 .

1924. §4191 — General application of provisions to consular officers

1925. §4191 — Title 18 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original “this Title”, meaning title 18 of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 1674 to 1752, and insofar as classified to the Code, is classified to sections 4191, 4193 to 4197, 4200, 4202, 4204, 4205, 4207 to 4214, and 4216 to 4221 of this title. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 1674 to 1752 to the Code, see Tables.

1926. §4193 — Protests

1927. §4194 — Lists and returns of seamen and vessels, etc.

1928. §4196 — Notification of death of decedent; transmission of inventory of effects

1929. §4197 — Following testamentary directions; assistance to testamentary appointee

1930. §4198 — Bond as administrator or guardian; action on bond

1931. §4199 — Penalty for failure to give bond and for embezzlement

1932. §4200 — Certification of invoices generally

1933. §4201 — Fees for certification of invoices

1934. §4202 — Exaction of excessive fees for verification of invoices; penalty

1935. §4203 — Destruction of old invoices

1936. §4204 — Restriction as to certificate for goods from countries adjacent to United States

1937. §4205 — Retention of papers of American vessels until payment of demands and wages

1938. §4206 — Fees for services to American vessels or seamen prohibited

1939. §4207 — Profits from dealings with discharged seamen; prohibition

1940. §4208 — Valuation of foreign coins in payment of fees

1941. §4209 — Exaction of excessive fees generally; penalty of treble amount

1942. §4210 — Liability for uncollected fees

1943. §4211 — Returns as to fees by officers compensated by fees

1944. §4215 — Notarial acts, oaths, affirmations, affidavits, and depositions; fees

1945. §4216 — Posting rates of fees

1946. §4217 — Embezzlement of fees or of effects of American citizens

1947. §4218 — False certificate as to ownership of property

1948. §4219 — Regulation of fees by President

1949. §4219 — Section 1. There is hereby delegated to the Secretary of State the authority vested in the President by section 1745 of the Revised Statutes of the United States ( 22 U.S.C. 1201 ) [this section] to prescribe, from time to time, the rates or tariffs of fees to be charged for official services, and to designate what shall be regarded as official services, besides such as are expressly declared by law, in the business of the several embassies, legations, and consulates, and to adapt the same, by such differences as may be necessary or proper, to each embassy, legation, or consulate.

1950. §4220 — Medium for payment of fees

1951. §4221 — Depositions and notarial acts; perjury

1952. §4222 — Authentication of documents of State of Vatican City by consular officer in Rome

1953. §4223 — General duty to account for fees

1954. §4224 — Fees; accounting; stamps

1955. §4224 — Section 1196 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by act June 28, 1955, ch. 196 , 69 Stat. 187 .

1956. §4225 — Fiscal districts; establishment; district accounting and disbursing offices; personnel; duties

1957. §4226 — Fees and official monies from diplomatic missions, consular offices and district accounting and disbursing offices; disposition

1958. §4301 — Congressional declaration of findings and policy

1959. §4302 — Definitions

1960. §4303 — Authorities of Secretary of State

1961. §4304 — Provision of benefits

1962. § 4304a. Enforcement of compliance with liability insurance requirements

1963. § 4304b. Crimes committed by diplomats

1964. Section 1 of Pub. L. 105–375 , which directed amendment of title I of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 by adding this section after section 204A, was executed by adding this section after section 204A of title II of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1965. §4305 — Property of foreign missions

1966. §4305 — Section 4605(j) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (d)(4)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

1967. §4306 — Location of foreign missions in the District of Columbia

1968. §4307 — Preemption

1969. §4308 — General provisions

1970. §4309 — Application to public international organizations and official missions to such organizations

1971. § 4309a. United States responsibilities for employees of the United Nations

1972. §4310 — Privileges and immunities

1973. §4311 — Enforcement

1974. §4312 — Presidential guidelines

1975. §4313 — Severability

1976. §4314 — Extraordinary protective services

1977. §4315 — Use of foreign mission in manner incompatible with its status as foreign mission

1978. §4316 — Application of travel restrictions to personnel of certain countries and organizations

1979. §4341 — Definitions

1980. §4342 — Limitations on disposition of personal prop­erty

1981. §4343 — Regulations

1982. §4351 — General authority and contents of publication

1983. §4352 — Responsibility for preparation of FRUS series

1984. §4353 — Procedures for identifying records for FRUS series; declassification, revisions, and summaries

1985. §4354 — Declassification of State Department records

1986. §4355 — Relationship to Privacy Act and Freedom of Information Act

1987. §4356 — Advisory Committee

1988. §4357 — Definitions

1989. §4401 — Findings

1990. §4402 — Grants; authorization; purposes; terms and conditions; deposit of interest

1991. §4403 — Funding

1992. §4411 — Findings; statement of purposes

1993. §4412 — Grants to the Endowment

1994. §4413 — Eligibility of the Endowment for grants

1995. §4414 — Requirements relating to the Endowment and its grantees

1996. §4415 — Freedom of information

1997. §4416 — Retention of interest

1998. §4501 — Findings and declarations

1999. §4502 — “Institution of higher education” and “Advisory Committee” defined

2000. §4503 — Establishment of Advisory Committee

2001. §4504 — Authority to make payments; purposes

2002. §4505 — Applications; payments to eligible institutions

2003. §4507 — Federal control of education prohibited

2004. §4508 — Allocation of funds

2005. §4508 — Section 102(1) of this Act, referred to in text, is section 102(1) of Pub. L. 98–164 , title I, Nov. 22, 1983 , 97 Stat. 1017 , which is not classified to the Code.

2006. §4601 — Congressional declaration of findings and purposes

2007. §4602 — Definitions

2008. §4603 — United States Institute of Peace

2009. §4604 — Powers and duties

2010. §4605 — Board of Directors

2011. §4605 — Section 5703 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (j), was amended generally by Pub. L. 94–22, § 4 , May 19, 1975 , 89 Stat. 85 , and, as so amended, does not contain a subsec. (b).

2012. §4606 — Officers and employees

2013. §4607 — Procedures and records

2014. §4608 — Independence and limitations

2015. §4609 — Funding

2016. §4610 — Dissolution or liquidation

2017. §4611 — Biennial reports to President and Congress; comments, findings, and recommendations; Congressional Committee hearings

2018. §4701 — Statement of purpose

2019. §4702 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

2020. §4703 — Scholarship program authority

2021. §4704 — Guidelines

2022. §4704 — Section 2460(b) of this title , referred to in par. (1), was redesignated section 2460(c) of this title by Pub. L. 101–246, title II, § 204(a)(2)(A) , Feb. 16, 1990 , 104 Stat. 50 .

2023. §4705 — Authority to enter into agreements

2024. §4706 — Policy regarding other international educational programs

2025. §4707 — Establishment and maintenance of counseling services

2026. §4708 — J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board

2027. §4709 — General authorities

2028. §4710 — English teaching, textbooks, and other teaching materials

2029. §4712 — Funding of scholarships for fiscal year 1986 and fiscal year 1987

2030. §4713 — Latin American exchanges

2031. §4714 — Feasibility study of training programs in sizable Hispanic populations

2032. §4715 — Compliance with Congressional Budget Act

2033. §4801 — Findings and purposes

2034. §4802 — Responsibility of Secretary of State

2035. §4802 — Section 2708 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B)(xi), was amended generally by Pub. L. 105–323, title I, § 101 , Oct. 30, 1998 , 112 Stat. 3029 , and, as so amended, provisions authorizing awards, formerly contained in section 2708(a), are now contained in section 2708(b).

2036. §4803 — Designation of high risk, high threat posts

2037. §4804 — Briefings on embassy security

2038. §4804 — Title I of the Department of State Authorities Act, Fiscal Year 2017, referred to in subsec. (a)(4), is title I of Pub. L. 114–323 , Dec. 16, 2016 , 130 Stat. 1907 , which enacted this section and sections 304, 2679d, 4803, and 4866 to 4868 of this title, amended sections 292, 295, 2701, 4834, 4864, and 4865 of this title, enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 4802 and 4834 of this title, and amended provisions set out as a note under section 4865 of this title .

2039. §4805 — Cooperation of other Federal agencies

2040. §4806 — Protection of foreign consulates

2041. §4807 — Establishment of Visa and Passport Security Program in the Department of State

2042. §4807 — Section 7201, referred to in subsecs. (b)(1) and (d), is section 7201 of Pub. L. 108–458 , which enacted section 1776 of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality, and provisions set out as notes under section 1776 of Title 8 and sections 3024 and 3056 of Title 50, War and National Defense.

2043. §4821 — Diplomatic Security Service

2044. §4822 — Director of Diplomatic Security Service

2045. §4823 — Special agents

2046. §4824 — Contracting authority

2047. §4831 — Security Review Committees

2048. §4832 — Security Review Committee

2049. §4833 — Serious Security Incident investigation process

2050. §4834 — Security Review Committee findings and report

2051. §4835 — Relation to other proceedings

2052. §4851 — Authorization

2053. §4851 — Section 2696(d) of this title shall not apply with respect to any amounts authorized to be appropriated under this section.

2054. §4852 — Diplomatic construction program

2055. §4852 — Title II of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956, referred to in subsec. (b), is title II of act Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 841 , as added Aug. 24, 1982 , Pub. L. 97–241, title II, § 202(b) , 96 Stat. 283 , known as the Foreign Missions Act, which is classified principally to chapter 53 (§ 4301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4301 of this title and Tables.

2056. §4853 — Security requirements for contractors

2057. §4854 — Qualifications of persons hired for diplomatic construction program

2058. §4855 — Cost overruns

2059. §4855 — Section 4851(a)(3) of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 103–236, title I, § 101(c) , Apr. 30, 1994 , 108 Stat. 388 .

2060. §4856 — Efficiency in contracting

2061. §4857 — Advisory Panel on Overseas Security

2062. §4858 — Training to improve perimeter security at United States diplomatic missions abroad

2063. §4859 — Protection of public entrances of United States diplomatic missions abroad

2064. §4860 — Reimbursement of Department of the Treasury

2065. §4861 — Inspector General for Department of State

2066. §4861 — Section 150(a) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 150(a) of Pub. L. 99–93 , title I, Aug. 16, 1985 , 99 Stat. 427 , which amended sections 2 and 11 of the Inspector General Act of 1978, Pub. L. 95–452 , by adding references to the Department and Secretary of State. Subsequent to this amendment, sections 2 and 11 of the Act, which were set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, were significantly amended, and section 11 was renumbered as section 12, prior to their repeal and restatement as sections 402 and 401, respectively, of Title 5 by Pub. L. 117–286 , §§ 3(b), 7, Dec. 27, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4207 , 4208, 4361.

2067. §4862 — Prohibition on use of funds for facilities in Israel, Jerusalem, or West Bank

2068. §4863 — Use of cleared personnel to ensure secure maintenance and repair of diplomatic facilities abroad

2069. §4864 — Increased participation of United States contractors in local guard contracts abroad under diplomatic security program

2070. §4865 — Security requirements for United States diplomatic facilities

2071. §4866 — Security training for personnel assigned to a high risk, high threat post

2072. §4867 — Security management training for officials assigned to a high risk, high threat post

2073. §4868 — Assignment of personnel at high risk, high threat posts

2074. §4868 — Section 4803 of this title , referred to in text, was in the original “section 104 of the Omnibus Diplomatic Security and Antiterrorism Act of 1986, as added by section 401 of this Act” and was translated as reading “section 104 of the Omnibus Diplomatic Security and Antiterrorism Act of 1986, as added by section 101(a) of this Act”, meaning section 104 of Pub. L. 99–399 , as added by section 101(a) of Pub. L. 114–323 , which is classified to section 4803 of this title .

2075. §4901 — Fellowship program for temporary service at United States missions abroad

2076. §4902 — Fellowship Board

2077. §4903 — Fellowships

2078. §4904 — Secretary of State

2079. §5201 — Findings; determinations

2080. §5202 — Prohibitions regarding PLO

2081. §5203 — Enforcement

2082. §5301 — Short title

2083. §5302 — Findings

2084. §5303 — Statement of policy

2085. §5304 — International negotiations on exchange rate and economic policies

2086. §5305 — Reporting requirements

2087. §5306 — Definitions

2088. §5321 — Short title

2089. §5322 — Findings

2090. §5323 — Purposes

2091. §5324 — Statement of policy

2092. §5331 — International initiative

2093. §5332 — Actions to facilitate creation of Authority

2094. §5333 — IMF-World Bank review

2095. §5341 — Short title

2096. §5342 — Requirement of national treatment in underwriting government debt instruments

2097. §5351 — Short title

2098. §5352 — Quadrennial reports on foreign treatment of United States financial institutions

2099. §5353 — Fair trade in financial services

2100. §5354 — Banks loan loss reserves

2101. §5401 — Sec. 2. Department of State . The functions conferred upon the President by section 201 of the Act [ 22 U.S.C. 5421 ] relating to Enterprise Funds for Poland and Hungary are hereby delegated to the Secretary of State.

2102. §5401 — Section 1. SEED Program Coordinator . The functions conferred by Title VII of the Act [ 22 U.S.C. 5471 et seq.] relating to reports to the Congress are hereby delegated to the Coordinator of the SEED Program. The Coordinator is authorized to assign responsibility for particular aspects of the reports to appropriate agencies.

2103. §5401 — Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Program

2104. §5402 — Scope of authority

2105. §5411 — Multilateral support for structural adjustment in Poland and Hungary

2106. §5412 — Stabilization assistance for Poland

2107. §5413 — Agricultural assistance

2108. §5414 — Debt-for-equity swaps and other special techniques

2109. §5421 — Enterprise Funds for Poland and Hungary

2110. §5422 — Labor market transition in Poland and Hungary

2111. §5423 — Section 1107 of the Food Security Act of 1985, referred to in subsec. (e), is section 1107 of Pub. L. 99–198 , which is set out as a note under section 1736 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

2112. §5423 — Technical training for private sector development in Poland and Hungary

2113. §5424 — Peace Corps programs in Poland and Hungary

2114. §5425 — Section 2226 of the American Aid to Poland Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is section 2226 of Pub. L. 100–418 , which is set out as a note under section 1431 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

2115. §5425 — Use of Polish currency generated by agricultural assistance

2116. §5426 — United States policy of private financial support for Polish and Hungarian credit unions

2117. §5441 — Educational and cultural exchanges and sister institutions programs with Poland and Hungary

2118. §5442 — Poland-Hungary scholarship partnership

2119. §5443 — Science and technology exchange with Poland and Hungary

2120. §5451 — Assistance in support of democratic institutions in Poland and Hungary

2121. §5452 — Environmental initiatives for Poland and Hungary

2122. §5453 — Medical supplies, hospital equipment, and medical training for Poland

2123. §5461 — Policy coordination of SEED Program

2124. §5462 — SEED Information Center System

2125. §5463 — Encouraging voluntary assistance for Poland and Hungary

2126. §5464 — Economic and commercial officers at United States embassies and missions in Poland and Hungary

2127. §5471 — Report on initial steps taken by United States and on Poland’s requirement for agricultural assistance

2128. §5472 — Report on confidence building measures by Poland and Hungary

2129. §5473 — Report on environmental problems in Poland and Hungary

2130. §5474 — Annual SEED Program report

2131. §5476 — Notifications to Congress regarding assistance

2132. §5476 — Section 634A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2394–1 ; relating to reprogramming notifications) applies with respect to obligations of funds made available under that Act [ 22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.] to carry out this chapter, notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter.

2133. §5491 — Suspension of SEED assistance

2134. §5492 — Declaration of the Republic of Hungary

2135. §5493 — Administrative expenses of Agency for International Development

2136. §5494 — Relation of provisions of this chapter to certain provisions of appropriations acts

2137. §5495 — Certain uses of excess foreign currencies

2138. §5501 — International negotiations concerning aviation security

2139. §5502 — Coordinator for Counterterrorism

2140. §5503 — Department of State notification of families of victims

2141. §5504 — Designation of State Department-family liaison and toll-free family communications system

2142. §5505 — Disaster training for State Department personnel

2143. §5506 — Department of State responsibilities and procedures at international disaster site

2144. §5507 — Recovery and disposition of remains and personal effects

2145. §5508 — Assessment of Lockerbie experience

2146. §5509 — Official Department of State recognition

2147. §5510 — United States Government compensation for victims of terrorism

2148. §5511 — Overseas Security Electronic Bulletin Board

2149. §5512 — Antiterrorism measures

2150. §5512 — Section 2708 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was amended generally by Pub. L. 105–323, title I, § 101 , Oct. 30, 1998 , 112 Stat. 3029 , and, as so amended, provisions authorizing awards, formerly contained in section 2708(a), are now contained in section 2708(b).

2151. §5513 — Proposal for consideration by International Civil Aviation Organization

2152. §5601 — Purposes

2153. §5602 — Multilateral efforts

2154. §5603 — United States export controls

2155. §5604 — Determinations regarding use of chemical or biological weapons

2156. §5605 — Sanctions against use of chemical or biological weapons

2157. §5605 — Section 1. (a) When the President, or the Secretary of State pursuant to authority delegated by the President and in accordance with the terms of such delegation, pursuant to section 307(b)(1) of the CBW Act [ 22 U.S.C. 5605(b)(1) ], selects for imposition on a country one or more of the sanctions set forth below and in section 307(b)(2) of that Act, the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, shall take the following actions, when necessary, to implement such sanctions:

2158. §5605 — Section 304(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (e)(1)(B), is section 304(b) of Pub. L. 102–182 , title III, Dec. 4, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1246 , which amended former section 4605 of Title 50 , War and National Defense.

2159. §5701 — Findings and declarations

2160. §5702 — Definitions

2161. §5711 — Bilateral ties between United States and Hong Kong

2162. §5712 — Participation in multilateral organizations, rights under international agreements, and trade status

2163. §5713 — Commerce between United States and Hong Kong

2164. §5714 — Transportation

2165. §5715 — Cultural and educational exchanges

2166. §5721 — Continued application of United States law

2167. §5722 — Presidential order

2168. §5723 — Rules and regulations

2169. §5724 — Consultation with Congress

2170. §5725 — Secretary of State report regarding the autonomy of Hong Kong

2171. §5726 — Treatment of Hong Kong applicants for visas to study or work in the United States

2172. §5731 — Reporting requirement

2173. §5732 — Section 4711 of title 15 , referred to in par. (3), was repealed by Pub. L. 107–228, div. A, title VI, § 671(1) , Sept. 30, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1407 .

2174. §5732 — Separate part of country reports

2175. §5801 — Definition of independent states

2176. §5811 — Findings

2177. §5812 — Program coordination, implementation, and oversight

2178. §5812 — Section 1. Secretary of State . (a) There are delegated to the Secretary of State the functions conferred upon the President by:

2179. §5813 — Report on overall assistance and economic cooperation strategy

2180. §5821 — American Business Centers

2181. §5822 — Business and Agriculture Advisory Council

2182. §5823 — Funding for export promotion activities and capital projects

2183. §5824 — Interagency working group on energy of the Trade Promotion Coordinating Committee

2184. §5826 — Policy on combatting tied aid practices

2185. §5827 — Technical assistance for Russian Far East

2186. §5828 — Funding for OPIC programs

2187. §5841 — Authorization for establishment of Democracy Corps

2188. §5851 — Findings

2189. §5852 — Eligibility

2190. §5852 — Section 212 of the Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction Act of 1991, referred to in par. (4), is section 212 of Pub. L. 102–228 , title II, Dec. 12, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1693 , which was set out in a note under section 2551 of this title , and was repealed by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(1) , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3606 .

2191. §5853 — Nonproliferation and disarmament activities in independent states

2192. §5853 — Section 506(a) of this Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 506(a) of Pub. L. 102–511 , which was classified to section 5856(a) of this title and was omitted from the Code. Section 506(a) directed amendment of section 221 of Pub. L. 102–228 , which was set out in a note under section 2551 of this title , but did not become effective pursuant to section 5856(c) of this title and was repealed by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(1) , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3606 .

2193. §5853 — Section 665 of title 2 , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–33, title X, § 10118(a) , Aug. 5, 1997 , 111 Stat. 695 .

2194. §5854 — Nonproliferation and disarmament fund

2195. §5854 — Section 510 of the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1991, referred to in subsec. (c)(3), is section 510 of Pub. L. 101–513 , title V, Nov. 5, 1991 , 104 Stat. 2003 , which is not classified to the Code.

2196. §5855 — Limitations on defense conversion authorities

2197. §5856 — Section 221(a) of the Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction Act of 1991, referred to in subsec. (c), was section 221(a) of Pub. L. 102–228 , which was set out in a note under section 2551 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(1) , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3606 . See Codification note below.

2198. §5856 — Soviet weapons destruction

2199. §5857 — Waiver of certain provisions

2200. §5858 — Notice and reports to Congress

2201. §5858 — Section 506(a), referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), is section 506(a) of Pub. L. 102–511 , which was classified to section 5856(a) of this title and was omitted from the Code. Section 506(a) directed amendment of section 221 of Pub. L. 102–228 , which was set out in a note under section 2551 of this title , but did not become effective, pursuant to section 5856(c) of this title . Section 221 of Pub. L. 102–228 was repealed by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(1) , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3606 .

2202. §5859 — International nonproliferation initiative

2203. § 5859a. International nonproliferation initiative

2204. §5860 — Report on special nuclear materials

2205. §5861 — Research and Development Foundation

2206. §5871 — Facilitating discussions regarding acquisition of space hardware, technology, and services from former Soviet Union

2207. §5872 — Office of Space Commerce

2208. §5873 — Report to Congress

2209. §5874 — Definitions

2210. §5901 — Demilitarization of independent states of former Soviet Union

2211. §5911 — Administration of demilitarization programs

2212. §5911 — Chapter 89 of title 10, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(F), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title X, § 1061(a)(1) , Feb. 10, 1996 , 110 Stat. 442 .

2213. §5922 — Quarterly reports on programs

2214. §5931 — Programs with states of former Soviet Union

2215. §5951 — Findings on cooperative threat reduction

2216. §5954 — Funding for fiscal year 1994

2217. §5954 — Section 108 of Public Law 102–229 , referred to in subsec. (c), is section 108 of Pub. L. 102–229 , title I, Dec. 12, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1708 , which is not classified to the Code.

2218. §5954 — Section 301(21), referred to in subsec. (a), means section 301(21) of Pub. L. 103–160 , div. A, title III, Nov. 30, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1616 , which is not classified to the Code.

2219. §5954 — Section 9110(a) of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1993, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 9110(a) of Pub. L. 102–396 , title IX, Oct. 6, 1992 , 106 Stat. 1928 , which is not classified to the Code.

2220. §5958 — Authorization for additional fiscal year 1993 assistance to independent states of the former Soviet Union

2221. § 5961a. Requirement for on-site managers

2222. §6001 — Findings

2223. §6001 — Section 1. Implementation of the Act . All agencies are hereby directed to take all appropriate measures within their authority, including the promulgation of rules and regulations, to carry out the provisions of the Act.

2224. §6002 — Statement of policy

2225. §6003 — International cooperation

2226. §6004 — Support for Cuban people

2227. §6005 — Sanctions

2228. §6006 — Policy toward a transitional Cuban Government

2229. §6007 — Policy toward a democratic Cuban Government

2230. §6008 — Existing claims not affected

2231. §6009 — Enforcement

2232. §6010 — “United States person” defined

2233. §6021 — Findings

2234. §6022 — Purposes

2235. §6023 — Definitions

2236. §6023 — Section 902(c) of the Food Security Act of 1985, referred to in par. (7)(B), is section 902(c) of Pub. L. 99–198 , title IX, Dec. 23, 1985 , 99 Stat. 1443 , which was set out as a note under former section 1446g of Title 7 , Agriculture.

2237. §6024 — Severability

2238. §6031 — Statement of policy

2239. §6032 — Enforcement of economic embargo of Cuba

2240. §6033 — Prohibition against indirect financing of Cuba

2241. §6034 — United States opposition to Cuban membership in international financial institutions

2242. §6035 — United States opposition to termination of suspension of Cuban Government from participation in Organization of American States

2243. §6036 — Assistance by independent states of former Soviet Union for Cuban Government

2244. §6037 — Television broadcasting to Cuba

2245. §6038 — Reports on commerce with, and assistance to, Cuba from other foreign countries

2246. §6039 — Authorization of support for democratic and human rights groups and international observers

2247. §6040 — Importation safeguard against certain Cuban products

2248. §6040 — Section 902(c) of the Food Security Act of 1985, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 902(c) of Pub. L. 99–198 , which is set out as a note under section 1446g of Title 7 , Agriculture.

2249. §6041 — Withholding of foreign assistance from countries supporting Juragua nuclear plant in Cuba

2250. §6042 — Reinstitution of family remittances and travel to Cuba

2251. §6043 — Expulsion of criminals from Cuba

2252. §6044 — News bureaus in Cuba

2253. §6045 — Effect of chapter on lawful United States Government activities

2254. §6046 — Condemnation of Cuban attack on American aircraft

2255. §6061 — Policy toward transition government and democratically elected government in Cuba

2256. §6062 — Assistance for Cuban people

2257. §6062 — Section 108(b)(5) of the North American Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(5)(D)(ii), is section 108(b)(5) of Pub. L. 103–182 , which was classified to section 3317(b)(5) of Title 19 , Customs Duties, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 116–113, title VI, § 601 , Jan. 29, 2020 , 134 Stat. 78 , effective on the date the USMCA entered into force ( July 1, 2020 ).

2258. §6063 — Coordination of assistance program; implementation and reports to Congress; reprogramming

2259. §6064 — Section 204(a) of the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (LIBERTAD) Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), is subsec. (a) of this section.

2260. §6064 — Section 601(b) of the International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976, referred to in subsec. (e)(4)(A), is section 601(b) of Pub. L. 94–329 , title VI, June 30, 1976 , 90 Stat. 765 , which is not classified to the Code.

2261. §6064 — Section 902(c) of the Food Security Act of 1985, referred to in subsecs. (b)(4) and (d)(4), is section 902(c) of Pub. L. 99–198 , which is set out as a note under section 1446g of Title 7 , Agriculture.

2262. §6064 — Termination of economic embargo of Cuba

2263. §6065 — Requirements and factors for determining transition government

2264. §6066 — Requirements for determining democratically elected government

2265. §6067 — Settlement of outstanding United States claims to confiscated property in Cuba

2266. §6081 — Findings

2267. §6082 — Liability for trafficking in confiscated property claimed by United States nationals

2268. §6083 — Proof of ownership of claims to confiscated property

2269. §6084 — Limitation of actions

2270. §6085 — Effective date

2271. §6091 — Exclusion from United States of aliens who have confiscated property of United States nationals or who traffic in such property

2272. §6101 — Establishment of Fellowship Program

2273. §6102 — Program requirements

2274. §6103 — Separation of Government personnel during fellowships

2275. §6104 — Mansfield Fellows on detail from Government service

2276. §6105 — Liability for repayments

2277. §6106 — Definitions

2278. §6201 — Congressional findings and declaration of purposes

2279. §6202 — Standards and principles

2280. §6203 — Establishment of the Chief Executive Officer of the United States Agency for Global Media

2281. §6204 — Authorities of Chief Executive Officer

2282. §6204 — Section 6 of Reorganization Plan Number 2 of 1977, referred to in subsec. (a)(17), which was set out under section 1461 of this title , was repealed by Pub. L. 105–277, div. G , subdiv. A, title XIII, § 1336(6), Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–790 .

2283. §6205 — Establishment of the International Broadcasting Advisory Board

2284. §6206 — Grantee corporate boards of directors

2285. §6207 — Limits on grants for Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

2286. §6207 — Section 6204(a)(20) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), which related to authority of the Chief Executive Officer to condition any grant or cooperative agreement to RFE/RL, Inc., or certain other entities on authority to determine membership of the boards of such entities, was repealed by Pub. L. 117–263, div. I, title XCVII, § 9706(2) , Dec. 23, 2022 , 136 Stat. 3915 . Former section 6204(a)(21) of this title was redesignated as section 6204(a)(20) of this title .

2287. §6208 — Radio Free Asia

2288. § 6208a. Open Technology Fund

2289. Section 7050(b)(2)(C) of the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is section 7050(b)(2)(C) of Pub. L. 116–94 , div. G, title VII, Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 2915 , which is not classified to the Code.

2290. §6209 — Incorporation and non-Federal status of broadcasting entities

2291. § 6209a. Inspector General authorities

2292. § 6209b. Role of the Secretary of State in foreign policy guidance

2293. §6210 — Preservation of American jobs

2294. §6212 — Requirement for authorization of appropriations

2295. §6213 — Definitions

2296. §6214 — Relocation costs

2297. §6215 — Establishment of Radio Free Afghanistan

2298. §6216 — Special authority for surge capacity

2299. §6217 — Global internet freedom

2300. §6301 — Imposition of procurement sanction on persons engaging in export activities that contribute to proliferation

2301. §6302 — Role of international financial institutions

2302. §6303 — Prohibition on assisting nuclear proliferation through provision of financing

2303. §6304 — Reporting on demarches

2304. §6305 — Definitions

2305. §6321 — Bilateral and multilateral initiatives

2306. §6322 — IAEA internal reforms

2307. §6323 — Reporting requirement

2308. §6324 — Definitions

2309. §6401 — Findings; policy

2310. §6402 — Definitions

2311. §6402 — Section 3021(i) of title 50 , referred to in par. (14), was redesignated section 3021(k) by Pub. L. 110–53, title XVIII, § 1841(g)(1) , Aug. 3, 2007 , 121 Stat. 500 .

2312. §6411 — Office on International Religious Freedom; Ambassador at Large for International Religious Freedom

2313. §6412 — Reports

2314. §6413 — Establishment of religious freedom Internet site

2315. §6414 — High-level contacts with nongovernmental organizations

2316. §6415 — Programs and allocations of funds by United States missions abroad

2317. §6416 — Equal access to United States missions abroad for conducting religious activities

2318. §6417 — Prisoner lists and issue briefs on religious freedom concerns

2319. §6431 — Establishment and composition

2320. §6432 — Duties of Commission

2321. § 6432a. Powers of the Commission

2322. § 6432b. Commission personnel matters

2323. §6433 — Report of Commission

2324. § 6433a. Strategic plan

2325. §6434 — Applicability of other laws

2326. §6434 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the Commission.

2327. §6435 — Authorization of appropriations

2328. Section 6474 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was in the original a reference to section 605 of Pub. L. 105–292 , which was renumbered section 606 by Pub. L. 114–281, title V, § 501(1) , Dec. 16, 2016 , 130 Stat. 1437 .

2329. § 6435a. Standards of conduct and disclosure

2330. §6436 — Termination

2331. §6441 — Presidential actions in response to violations of religious freedom

2332. §6442 — Presidential actions in response to particularly severe violations of religious freedom

2333. § 6442a. Non-state actor designations

2334. Section 3 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (g), means section 3 of Pub. L. 114–281 , which amended section 6402 of this title .

2335. §6443 — Consultations

2336. §6444 — Report to Congress

2337. §6445 — Description of Presidential actions

2338. §6446 — Effects on existing contracts

2339. §6447 — Presidential waiver

2340. §6448 — Publication in Federal Register

2341. §6449 — Termination of Presidential actions

2342. §6450 — Preclusion of judicial review

2343. §6461 — Exports of certain items used in particularly severe violations of religious freedom

2344. §6461 — Section 4605(n) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

2345. §6471 — Use of Annual Report

2346. §6472 — Reform of refugee policy

2347. §6473 — Reform of asylum policy

2348. § 6473a. Designated persons list for particularly severe violations of religious freedom

2349. §6474 — Studies on effect of expedited removal provisions on asylum claims

2350. §6481 — Business codes of conduct

2351. §6482 — Voluntary codes of conduct for United States institutions of higher education outside the United States

2352. §6483 — Section 118 of title 10 , referred to in par. (4), was repealed by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title IX, § 941(b)(1) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2367 . Subsequently, a new section 118 of Title 10 , Armed Forces, related to annual report on major weapons systems sustainment, was added by Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title III, § 351(a)(1) , Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 1319 . For provisions related to national defense strategy similar to those contained in former section 118 of Title 10 prior to repeal, see section 113(g) of Title 10 .

2353. §6483 — Sense of Congress regarding national security strategy to promote religious freedom through United States foreign policy

2354. §6501 — Purposes

2355. §6502 — Definitions

2356. §6503 — Report on budgetary cost savings resulting from reorganization

2357. §6511 — Abolition of United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency

2358. §6512 — Transfer of functions to Secretary of State

2359. §6521 — References

2360. §6521 — Section 1223, referred to in text, is section 1223 of title XII of subdiv. A of div. G of Pub. L. 105–277 , which amended sections 2551, 2552, 2567, 2568, 2571 to 2574, 2576, 2577, 2578, 2579, 2581, 2584, 2593a, 2593b, 2595, 2595a, 2595b–1, and 2595c of this title.

2361. §6521 — Section 1225, referred to in text, is section 1225 of title XII of subdiv. A of div. G of Pub. L. 105–277 , which amended sections 2321d, 2695, 2776, 2778, 2791, 2797, 2797b, 3203, 3222, 3282, 4605, and 4606 of this title, section 194a of Title 2 , The Congress, sections 2077, 2139, 2139a, 2141, 2153, 2155, 2156a, 2160, and 2160a of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and section 40118 of Title 49 , Transportation.

2362. §6531 — Abolition of United States Information Agency

2363. §6532 — Transfer of functions

2364. §6533 — Abolition of Office of Inspector General of United States Information Agency and transfer of functions

2365. §6541 — Congressional findings and declaration of purpose

2366. §6542 — Transfer of broadcasting related funds, property, and personnel

2367. §6543 — Savings provisions

2368. §6544 — Report on privatization of RFE/RL, Incorporated

2369. §6551 — References

2370. §6551 — Section 4069a(f), 4069b(g), or 4069c(f) of this title, referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original “section 146(a), (b), or (c) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991” meaning section 146(a), (b), (c) of Pub. L. 101–246, title I , Feb. 16, 1990 , 104 Stat. 37 , which amended sections 830, 831, and 832, respectively, of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, by adding subsecs. (f), (g), and (f), respectively, to those sections which are classified to sections 4069a(f), 4069b(g), and 4069c(f) of this title.

2371. §6552 — Application of certain laws

2372. §6552 — Section 1461 of this title , section 1461–1 of this title , and section 1461–1a of this title shall apply only to public diplomacy programs of the Director of the United States Information Agency as carried out prior to any transfer of functions pursuant to this chapter to the same extent that such programs were covered by these provisions prior to such transfer.

2373. §6552 — Section 1461 of this title , section 1461–1 of this title , and section 1461–1a of this title shall not apply to public affairs and other information dissemination functions of the Secretary of State as carried out prior to any transfer of functions pursuant to this chapter.

2374. §6553 — Continuation of United States Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy

2375. §6553 — Section 8 of Reorganization Plan Numbered 2 of 1977, referred to in text, is set out as a note under section 1461 of this title and in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

2376. §6561 — Abolition of United States International Development Cooperation Agency

2377. §6562 — Transfer of functions and authorities

2378. §6563 — Status of AID

2379. §6571 — References

2380. §6581 — Reorganization of Agency for International Development

2381. §6591 — “United States assistance” defined

2382. §6592 — Administrator of AID reporting to Secretary of State

2383. §6593 — Assistance programs coordination and oversight

2384. §6601 — Reorganization plan and report

2385. §6611 — Reorganization authority

2386. §6612 — Transfer and allocation of appropriations

2387. §6613 — Section 4102 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was in the original “section 1002 of the Foreign Service Act”, and was translated as meaning section 1002 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2388. §6613 — Transfer, appointment, and assignment of personnel

2389. §6614 — Incidental transfers

2390. §6615 — Savings provisions

2391. §6616 — Authority of Secretary of State to facilitate transition

2392. §6617 — Final report

2393. §6701 — Definitions

2394. §6711 — Designation of United States National Authority

2395. §6711 — Section 1. The Department of State shall be the United States National Authority (the “USNA”) for purposes of the Act and the Convention.

2396. §6712 — No abridgement of constitutional rights

2397. §6713 — Civil liability of United States

2398. §6721 — Definitions

2399. §6722 — Facility agreements

2400. §6723 — Authority to conduct inspections

2401. §6724 — Procedures for inspections

2402. §6725 — Warrants

2403. §6726 — Prohibited acts relating to inspections

2404. §6727 — National security exception

2405. §6728 — Annual report on inspections

2406. §6729 — United States assistance in inspections at private facilities

2407. §6741 — Reports required by United States National Authority

2408. §6742 — Prohibition relating to low concentrations of Schedules 2 and 3 chemicals

2409. §6743 — Prohibition relating to unscheduled discrete organic chemicals and coincidental byproducts in waste streams

2410. §6744 — Confidentiality of information

2411. §6745 — Recordkeeping violations

2412. §6761 — Penalties

2413. §6762 — Specific enforcement

2414. §6763 — Expedited judicial review

2415. §6771 — Prohibition

2416. §6801 — Definitions

2417. §6802 — Findings and purposes

2418. §6811 — Coordinated donor strategy for support and education of orphans in sub-Saharan Africa

2419. §6812 — African crisis response initiative and HIV/AIDS training

2420. §6821 — Establishment

2421. §6822 — Grant authorities

2422. §6823 — Administration

2423. §6824 — Advisory Board

2424. §6831 — Reports to Congress

2425. §6841 — Authorization of appropriations

2426. §6842 — Certification requirement

2427. §6901 — Findings

2428. §6902 — Policy

2429. §6903 — Definitions

2430. §6911 — Establishment of Congressional-Executive Commission on the People’s Republic of China

2431. §6912 — Functions of the Commission

2432. §6913 — Membership of the Commission

2433. §6914 — Votes of the Commission

2434. §6915 — Expenditure of appropriations

2435. §6916 — Testimony of witnesses, production of evidence; issuance of subpoenas; administration of oaths

2436. §6917 — Appropriations for the Commission

2437. §6918 — Section 3304(i)(1) of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (e)(2), probably means section 3304(c)(1) of title 5 prior to the amendments made by Pub. L. 104–65, § 16(a) , (b), Dec. 19, 1995 , 109 Stat. 703 , which struck out section 3304(c) of title 5 and redesignated section 3304(d) of title 5 as 3304(c), and by Pub. L. 118–188, § 2(a)(1)(A) , Dec. 23, 2024 , 138 Stat. 2644 , which redesignated section 3304(c) of title 5 as 3304(i). Prior to these amendments, section 3304(c)(1) related to acquisition of competitive status by an individual who served for at least 3 years in the legislative branch in a position in which he was paid by the Secretary of the Senate or the Clerk of the House of Representatives.

2438. §6918 — Staff of the Commission

2439. §6919 — Printing and binding costs

2440. §6931 — Review within the WTO

2441. §6941 — Findings

2442. §6942 — Purpose

2443. §6943 — Authorization of appropriations

2444. §6951 — Report on compliance

2445. §6961 — Establishment of Task Force

2446. §6962 — Functions of Task Force

2447. §6963 — Composition of Task Force

2448. §6964 — Authorization of appropriations

2449. §6965 — Reports to Congress

2450. §6981 — Establishment of technical assistance and rule of law programs

2451. §6982 — Administrative authorities

2452. §6983 — Prohibition relating to human rights abuses

2453. §6984 — Authorization of appropriations

2454. §6991 — Accession of Taiwan to the WTO

2455. §7001 — Authorizations of appropriations for broadcasting capital improvements and international broadcasting operations

2456. §7002 — Section 127 of the Trade Deficit Review Commission Act, referred to in subsecs. (b)(3) and (e), is section 127 of Pub. L. 105–277 , which is set out in a note under section 2213 of Title 19 , Customs Duties.

2457. §7002 — United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission

2458. §7101 — Purposes and findings

2459. §7102 — Definitions

2460. §7103 — Interagency Task Force to Monitor and Combat Trafficking

2461. §7103 — Section 1. (a) The President’s Interagency Task Force to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons is hereby established.

2462. §7103 — Section 20702(a) of title 34 , referred to in subsec. (d)(7)(R), was amended generally by Pub. L. 113–4, title XII, § 1241(a) , Mar. 7, 2013 , 127 Stat. 149 , and Pub. L. 115–393, title III, § 301(e)(1)(A) , Dec. 21, 2018 , 132 Stat. 5272 , and, as so amended, sets out definitions for that section. Prior to amendment, section 20702(a) of title 34 related to grants made by the Secretary of Health and Human Services for assistance programs for victims of trafficking occurring within the United States.

2463. § 7103a. Creating, building, and strengthening partnerships against significant trafficking in persons

2464. § 7103b. Survivors of Human Trafficking Empowerment Act

2465. §7104 — Prevention of trafficking

2466. §7104 — Section 7102(9) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(A)(iii), (v), was redesignated section 7102(11) of this title by Pub. L. 115–427, § 2(1) , Jan. 9, 2019 , 132 Stat. 5503 .

2467. §7104 — Title XVII of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013, referred to in subsec. (k)(1)(A)(ii), is title XVII of div. A of Pub. L. 112–239 , Jan. 2, 2013 , 126 Stat. 2092 . For complete classification of title XVII to the Code, see Tables.

2468. § 7104a. Compliance plan and certification requirement

2469. Section 7104(g) of this title , as amended by section 1702, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), means section 7104(g) of this title , as amended by section 1702 of Pub. L. 112–239 .

2470. § 7104b. Monitoring and investigation of trafficking in persons

2471. Section 7104(g) of this title , as amended by section 1702, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1), (2), (b), and (c)(1), means section 7104(g) of this title , as amended by section 1702 of Pub. L. 112–239 .

2472. § 7104c. Notification to Inspectors General and cooperation with government

2473. Section 7104(g) of this title , as amended by section 1702 of this Act, referred to in par. (1), means section 7104(g) of this title , as amended by section 1702 of Pub. L. 112–239 .

2474. § 7104d. Rules of construction; effective date

2475. Section 106(g) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 ( 22 U.S.C. 7104(g) ), as amended by section 1702, referred to in subsec. (a), means section 7104(g) of this title , as amended by section 1702 of Pub. L. 112–239 .

2476. Section 1702, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (c)(1), is section 1702 of Pub. L. 112–239 , which amended section 7104 of this title .

2477. Section 1703, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 1703 of Pub. L. 112–239 , which is classified to section 7104a of this title .

2478. Section 1704, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), (2), is section 1704 of Pub. L. 112–239 , which enacted section 7104b of this title and amended section 2313 of Title 41 , Public Contracts.

2479. Section 1705, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 1705 of Pub. L. 112–239 , which is classified to section 7104c of this title .

2480. Section 1706, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (c)(3), is section 1706 of Pub. L. 112–239 , which amended section 1351 of Title 18 , Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 1101 of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

2481. Section 1707, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 1707 of Pub. L. 112–239 , which amended section 7103 of this title .

2482. § 7104e. Preventing future trafficking in the United States through receipt of complaints abroad

2483. Section 7102(14) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was redesignated section 7102(16) of this title by Pub. L. 115–427, § 2(1) , Jan. 9, 2019 , 132 Stat. 5503 .

2484. §7105 — Protection and assistance for victims of trafficking

2485. §7105 — Section 1101(a)(15)(T)(ii) of title 8 , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), (B), was in the original “section 101(a)(15)(T)(ii)”, and was translated as meaning section 101(a)(15)(T)(ii) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, act June 27, 1952, ch. 477 , which is classified to section 1101(a)(15)(T)(ii) of title 8 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Section 101 of Pub. L. 106–386 does not contain a subsec. (a)(15)(T)(ii), and section 101(a)(15)(T)(ii) of the Immigration and Nationality Act describes certain nonimmigrant aliens.

2486. §7105 — Section 20708 of title 34 , referred to in subsec. (c)(4)(A), was in the original a reference to section 111 of the Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005, Pub. L. 109–162 . Section 111 of Pub. L. 109–162 was redesignated as section 208 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005, Pub. L. 109–164 , and is classified to section 20708 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

2487. §7105 — Section 7102(8) of this title as in effect on October 28, 2000 , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(C)(i), means section 7102(8) of this title prior to the amendments made by Pub. L. 113–4, title XII, § 1212(b)(1)(A) , Mar. 7, 2013 , 127 Stat. 143 , and Pub. L. 115–427, § 2(1) , Jan. 9, 2019 , 132 Stat. 5503 . As amended, par. (8) of section 7102 of this title was redesignated as par. (11).

2488. §7105 — § 213(c) of Pub. L. 109–164

2489. § 7105a. Increasing effectiveness of anti-trafficking programs

2490. § 7105b. Improving domestic victim screening procedures

2491. §7106 — Minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking

2492. §7107 — Actions against governments failing to meet minimum standards

2493. §7107 — Section 7102(8) of this title , referred to in subsec. (e), was redesignated section 7102(10) of this title by Pub. L. 115–427, § 2(1) , Jan. 9, 2019 , 132 Stat. 5503 .

2494. §7108 — Actions against significant traffickers in persons

2495. §7109 — Strengthening prosecution and punishment of traffickers

2496. § 7109a. Research on domestic and international trafficking in persons

2497. § 7109b. Presidential Award for Extraordinary Efforts To Combat Trafficking in Persons

2498. §7110 — Authorizations of appropriations

2499. §7110 — Section 7102(9)(A) of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(2), was redesignated section 7102(11)(A) of this title by Pub. L. 115–427, § 2(1) , Jan. 9, 2019 , 132 Stat. 5503 .

2500. §7110 — Section 7103(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated section 7103(g) of this title by Pub. L. 113–4, title XII, § 1201(3) , Mar. 7, 2013 , 127 Stat. 136 .

2501. §7110 — Section 7105(f) of this title , referred to in subsecs. (b)(2) and (d)(3), probably means the subsec. (f) of section 7105 of this title which relates to assistance for United States citizens and lawful permanent residents and was added by Pub. L. 110–457, title II, § 213(a)(1) , Dec. 23, 2008 , 122 Stat. 5064 .

2502. §7111 — Report by Secretary of State

2503. §7112 — Additional activities to monitor and combat forced labor and child labor

2504. §7113 — Accountability

2505. §7114 — Efforts to end modern slavery

2506. §7114 — Section 7060(f)(2) of the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2016, referred to in subsec. (f), is section 7060(f)(2) of div. K of Pub. L. 114–113 , Dec. 18, 2015 , 129 Stat. 2809 , which is not classified to the Code.

2507. §7115 — Ensuring protection and confidentiality for survivors of human trafficking

2508. §7201 — Definitions

2509. §7201 — Section 903(a)(1) of the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000, referred to in par. (3)(A), is section 1(a) [title IX, § 903(a)(1)] of Pub. L. 106–387 , which is classified to section 7202(a)(1) of this title .

2510. §7201 — Section 906 of the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000, referred to in par. (3)(B), is section 1(a) [title IX, § 906] of Pub. L. 106–387 , which is classified to section 7205 of this title . Provisions relating to report of the President and enactment into law of a joint resolution are contained in section 905 of the Act, which is classified to section 7204 of this title .

2511. §7202 — Restriction

2512. §7203 — Exceptions

2513. §7203 — Section 7202 of this title shall not affect any authority or requirement to impose (or continue to impose) a sanction referred to in section 7202 of this title —

2514. §7204 — Termination of sanctions

2515. §7205 — Section 4605(j)(1) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

2516. §7205 — State sponsors of international terrorism

2517. §7206 — Congressional procedures

2518. §7207 — Prohibition on United States assistance and financing

2519. §7208 — Prohibition on additional imports from Cuba

2520. §7209 — Requirements relating to certain travel-related transactions with Cuba

2521. §7210 — Application of the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act

2522. §7211 — Technical clarification relating to provision of material support to terrorism

2523. §7301 — Reorganization; duties

2524. §7301 — Title V of Public Law 102–140 , referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 102–140, title V , Oct. 28, 1991 , 105 Stat. 816 , known as the Department of State and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1992, which enacted provisions listed in a table under section 269a of this title . For complete classification of title V to the Code, see Tables.

2525. §7302 — Establishment of the Diplomatic Telecommunications Service Governance Board

2526. §7303 — Funding of the Diplomatic Telecommunications Service

2527. §7304 — Definitions

2528. §7401 — Restriction relating to United States accession to the International Criminal Court

2529. §7402 — Prohibition on extradition or transfer of United States citizens to the International Criminal Court

2530. §7421 — Findings

2531. §7422 — Waiver and termination of prohibitions of this subchapter

2532. §7423 — Prohibition on cooperation with the International Criminal Court

2533. §7424 — Restriction on United States participation in certain United Nations peacekeeping operations

2534. §7425 — Prohibition on direct or indirect transfer of classified national security information and law enforcement information to the International Criminal Court

2535. §7427 — Authority to free members of the Armed Forces of the United States and certain other persons detained or imprisoned by or on behalf of the International Criminal Court

2536. §7428 — Alliance command arrangements

2537. §7429 — Withholdings

2538. §7430 — Application of sections 7423 and 7425 to exercise of constitutional authorities

2539. §7431 — Nondelegation

2540. §7432 — Definitions

2541. §7433 — Assistance to international efforts

2542. §7501 — Definition

2543. §7511 — Declaration of policy

2544. §7512 — Purposes of assistance

2545. §7513 — Authorization of assistance

2546. §7513 — Section 7536 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(C), was omitted from the Code.

2547. §7514 — Coordination of assistance

2548. §7515 — Sense of Congress regarding promoting cooperation in opium producing areas

2549. §7516 — Administrative provisions

2550. §7517 — Relationship to other authority

2551. §7518 — Authorization of appropriations

2552. §7551 — Requirement to comply with procedures relating to the prohibition on assistance to drug traffickers

2553. §7552 — Sense of Congress regarding protecting Afghanistan’s President

2554. §7553 — Donor contributions to Afghanistan and reports

2555. §7554 — Reports

2556. §7555 — Formulation of long-term strategy for Afghanistan

2557. §7556 — Benchmarks to evaluate the progress being made toward the transition of security responsibilities for Afghanistan to the Government of Afghanistan

2558. §7601 — Findings

2559. §7602 — Definitions

2560. §7603 — Purpose

2561. §7604 — Authority to consolidate and combine reports

2562. §7611 — Development of a comprehensive, five-year, global strategy

2563. §7612 — HIV/AIDS response Coordinator

2564. § 7612a. HIV/AIDS Working Capital Fund

2565. §7621 — Sense of Congress on public-private partnerships

2566. §7622 — Participation in the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria

2567. §7622 — Section 4605(j)(1) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (d)(4)(A)(ii), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . Provisions similar to those in former section 4605(j)(1) of title 50 can be found in section 4813(c)(1)(A) of title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

2568. §7623 — Combating HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria by strengthening health policies and health systems of partner countries

2569. §7624 — Facilitating vaccine development

2570. §7631 — Assistance to combat HIV/AIDS

2571. § 7631a. United States Agency for International Development

2572. §7632 — Authorization of appropriations to combat tuberculosis

2573. §7633 — Assistance to combat malaria

2574. §7634 — Malaria response Coordinator

2575. §7635 — Report on treatment activities by relevant executive branch agencies

2576. §7636 — Study on illegal diversions of prescription drugs

2577. §7651 — Findings

2578. §7652 — Policy and requirements

2579. §7653 — Annual reports on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of the HIV infection

2580. §7654 — Pilot program of assistance for children and families affected by HIV/AIDS

2581. §7655 — Pilot program on family survival partnerships

2582. §7671 — Authorization of appropriations

2583. §7672 — Sense of Congress

2584. §7673 — Allocation of funds

2585. §7674 — Assistance from the United States private sector to prevent and reduce HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa

2586. §7681 — Report on expansion of debt relief to non-HIPC countries

2587. §7682 — Authorization of appropriations

2588. §7701 — Purposes

2589. §7702 — Definitions

2590. §7703 — Establishment and management of the Millennium Challenge Corporation

2591. §7704 — Authorization of assistance

2592. §7705 — Candidate countries

2593. §7706 — Eligible countries

2594. §7707 — Congressional and public notification of candidate countries, eligibility criteria, and eligible countries

2595. §7708 — Millennium Challenge Compact

2596. §7709 — Congressional and public notification

2597. §7710 — Suspension and termination of assistance

2598. §7711 — Disclosure

2599. §7712 — Annual report

2600. §7713 — Powers of the Corporation; related provisions

2601. §7714 — Coordination with United States Agency for International Development

2602. §7715 — Assistance to certain candidate countries

2603. §7716 — General personnel authorities

2604. §7717 — Personnel outside the United States

2605. §7718 — Authorization of appropriations

2606. §7801 — Findings

2607. §7802 — Purposes

2608. §7803 — Definitions

2609. §7811 — Sense of Congress regarding negotiations with North Korea

2610. §7812 — Support for human rights and democracy programs

2611. §7813 — Radio broadcasting to North Korea

2612. §7814 — Actions to promote freedom of information

2613. §7814 — Section 403, referred to in subsec. (a)(7)(B)(ii), may mean section 403 of the North Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement Act of 2016, Pub. L. 114–122 , which authorized appropriations to carry out various provisions in this chapter and was classified to section 9253 of this title , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 115–198, § 9 , July 20, 2018 , 132 Stat. 1525 . There is no section 403 of Pub. L. 108–333 , of which this section is a part.

2614. §7815 — United Nations Commission on Human Rights

2615. §7816 — Establishment of regional framework

2616. §7817 — Special Envoy on North Korean human rights issues

2617. §7831 — Report on United States humanitarian assistance

2618. §7832 — Assistance provided inside North Korea

2619. §7833 — Assistance provided outside of North Korea

2620. §7833 — Section 7102(15) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was redesignated section 7102(17) of this title by Pub. L. 115–427, § 2(1) , Jan. 9, 2019 , 132 Stat. 5503 .

2621. §7834 — Briefings on the welfare of North Korean children

2622. §7841 — United States policy toward refugees and defectors

2623. §7842 — Eligibility for refugee or asylum consideration

2624. §7843 — Facilitating submission of applications for admission as a refugee

2625. §7844 — United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

2626. §7845 — Annual reports

2627. §7846 — Sense of Congress on humanitarian coordination related to the Korean Peninsula

2628. §7901 — Definitions

2629. §7901 — Sec. 2. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

2630. §7901 — Section 1. Establishment of the Climate Change Support Office . (a) There is established within the Department of State, in accordance with section 3161 of title 5 , United States Code, a temporary organization to be known as the Climate Change Support Office (CCSO).

2631. §7902 — Reduction of greenhouse gas intensity

2632. §7903 — Technology inventory for developing countries

2633. §7904 — Trade-related barriers to export of greenhouse gas intensity reducing technologies

2634. §7905 — Greenhouse Gas Intensity Reducing Technology Export Initiative

2635. §7906 — Technology demonstration projects

2636. §7907 — Fellowship and exchange programs

2637. §7908 — Authorization of appropriations

2638. §7909 — Authorization for the Clean Technology Fund

2639. §8001 — Sense of Congress

2640. §8002 — Statements of policy

2641. §8003 — Section 101(a) of the United States-India Nuclear Cooperation Approval and Nonproliferation Enhancement Act, referred to in subsec. (g)(2)(M), is section 101(a) of Pub. L. 110–369 , which is set out in a note under section 8001 of this title .

2642. §8003 — Section 2376(c) of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(3)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–188, title XIV, § 1401 , Nov. 26, 2014 , 128 Stat. 2023 .

2643. §8003 — Waiver authority and congressional approval

2644. §8004 — United States compliance with its nuclear nonproliferation treaty obligations

2645. §8005 — Inoperability of determination and waivers

2646. §8006 — MTCR adherent status

2647. §8007 — United States-India scientific cooperative nuclear nonproliferation program

2648. §8008 — Definitions

2649. §8101 — Findings

2650. §8101 — Section 1. The Secretaries of State, Defense, Commerce, and Energy, the Attorney General, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and heads of such other agencies as appropriate, each shall issue, amend, or revise, and enforce such regulations, orders, directives, instructions, or procedures as are necessary to implement the Act and United States obligations under the Additional Protocol.

2651. §8102 — Definitions

2652. §8103 — Severability

2653. §8111 — Authority

2654. §8121 — Requirement for authority to conduct complementary access

2655. §8122 — Procedures for complementary access

2656. §8123 — Consents, warrants, and complementary access

2657. §8124 — Prohibited acts relating to complementary access

2658. §8131 — Protection of confidentiality of information

2659. §8141 — Recordkeeping violations

2660. §8142 — Penalties

2661. §8143 — Specific enforcement

2662. §8151 — Notification to Congress of IAEA Board approval of wide-area environmental sampling

2663. §8152 — Application of national security exclusion to wide-area environmental sampling

2664. §8153 — Application of national security exclusion to location-specific environmental sampling

2665. §8154 — Rule of construction

2666. §8161 — Protection of certain information

2667. §8162 — IAEA inspections and visits

2668. §8171 — Report on initial United States declaration

2669. §8172 — Report on revisions to initial United States declaration

2670. §8173 — Content of reports on United States declarations

2671. §8174 — Report on efforts to promote the implementation of additional protocols

2672. §8175 — Notice of IAEA notifications

2673. §8181 — Authorization of appropriations

2674. §8201 — Findings

2675. §8202 — Statement of policy

2676. §8203 — Definitions

2677. §8211 — Democracy promotion at the Department of State

2678. §8212 — Democracy Fellowship Program

2679. §8213 — Investigations of violations of international humanitarian law

2680. §8221 — Strategies, priorities, and annual report

2681. §8222 — Translation of human rights reports

2682. §8231 — Advisory Committee on Democracy Promotion

2683. §8232 — Sense of Congress regarding the Internet website of the Department of State

2684. §8241 — Training in democracy promotion and the protection of human rights

2685. §8242 — Sense of Congress regarding ADVANCE Democracy Award

2686. §8243 — Personnel policies at the Department of State

2687. §8251 — Cooperation with democratic countries

2688. §8261 — The United Nations Democracy Fund

2689. §8262 — United States democracy assistance programs

2690. §8301 — Findings

2691. §8301 — Section 1. (a) Policy . A part of USA Freedom Corps, “Volunteers for Prosperity” is a call to service to support major U.S. initiatives that promote health and prosperity around the world. Deploying highly skilled volunteers abroad is an efficient way to use our resources consistent with the objectives of the United States Government’s global prosperity agenda. United States volunteers will help to achieve the objectives of the global prosperity agenda, including providing clean water to the poor, promoting democratic governance, developing economic freedom, promoting free and open markets, stemming the spread of HIV/AIDS and controlling malaria.

2692. §8302 — Definitions

2693. §8303 — Office of Volunteers for Prosperity

2694. §8304 — Authorization of appropriations

2695. §8401 — Definitions

2696. §8402 — Findings

2697. §8403 — Statement of principles

2698. §8411 — Authorization of assistance

2699. §8412 — Authorization of appropriations

2700. §8413 — Auditing

2701. §8421 — Purposes of assistance

2702. §8422 — Authorization of assistance

2703. §8423 — Limitations on certain assistance

2704. §8424 — Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund

2705. §8425 — Requirements for civilian control of certain assistance

2706. §8425 — Section 1208 of the Ronald W. Reagan National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2005 ( Public Law 108–375 ; 118 Stat. 2086 ), referred to in subsec. (c)(4), is not classified to the Code.

2707. §8425 — Section 943 of the Duncan Hunter National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2009 ( Public Law 110–417 ; 122 Stat. 4578 ), referred to in subsec. (c)(6), is not classified to the Code.

2708. §8441 — Strategy reports

2709. §8442 — Monitoring reports

2710. §8501 — Findings

2711. §8511 — Definitions

2712. §8511 — Section 102 of this Act, referred to in par. (2), is section 102 of Pub. L. 111–195 , which enacted and amended provisions set out as notes under section 1701 of Title 50 , War and National Defense.

2713. §8512 — Economic sanctions relating to Iran

2714. §8512 — Section 101 of the Iran Freedom Support Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 101 of Pub. L. 109–293 , which is set out as a note under section 1701 of Title 50 , War and National Defense.

2715. §8513 — Mandatory sanctions with respect to financial institutions that engage in certain transactions

2716. § 8513a. Imposition of sanctions with respect to the financial sector of Iran

2717. § 8513b. Expansion of, and reports on, mandatory sanctions with respect to financial institutions that engage in certain activities

2718. §8514 — Imposition of sanctions on certain persons who are responsible for or complicit in human rights abuses committed against citizens of Iran or their family members after the June 12, 2009 , elections in Iran

2719. § 8514a. Imposition of sanctions with respect to the transfer of goods or technologies to Iran that are likely to be used to commit human rights abuses

2720. § 8514b. Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons who engage in censorship or other related activities against citizens of Iran

2721. § 8514c. Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons engaged in the diversion of goods intended for the people of Iran

2722. §8515 — Prohibition on procurement contracts with persons that export sensitive technology to Iran

2723. §8516 — Authority to implement United Nations Security Council resolutions imposing sanctions with respect to Iran

2724. §8517 — Increased capacity for efforts to combat unlawful or terrorist financing

2725. §8518 — Reports on investments in the energy sector of Iran

2726. §8519 — Reports on certain activities of foreign export credit agencies and of the Export-Import Bank of the United States

2727. §8519 — Section 5 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996, as amended by section 102 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 5 of Pub. L. 104–172 , as amended by section 102 of Pub. L. 111–195 , which is set out as a note under section 1701 of Title 50 , War and National Defense.

2728. §8531 — Definitions

2729. §8532 — Authority of State and local governments to divest from certain companies that invest in Iran

2730. §8541 — Definitions

2731. §8541 — Section 4605(j)(1)(A) of title 50 , referred to in par. (13)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . Provisions similar to those in former section 4605(j)(1)(A) of title 50 can be found in section 4813(c)(1)(A)(i) of title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

2732. §8542 — Identification of countries of concern with respect to the diversion of certain goods, services, and technologies to or through Iran

2733. §8543 — Destinations of Diversion Concern

2734. §8544 — Enforcement authority

2735. §8551 — General provisions

2736. §8551 — Section 4605(j)(1)(A) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . Provisions similar to those in former section 4605(j)(1)(A) of title 50 can be found in section 4813(c)(1)(A)(i) of title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

2737. §8561 — Findings

2738. §8562 — Definitions

2739. §8563 — Report and imposition of sanctions with respect to persons who are responsible for or complicit in abuses toward dissidents on behalf of the Government of Iran

2740. §8564 — Report and imposition of sanctions with respect to foreign financial institutions conducting significant transactions with persons responsible for or complicit in abuses toward dissidents on behalf of the Government of Iran

2741. §8565 — Exceptions; waivers; implementation

2742. §8566 — Exception relating to importation of goods

2743. §8571 — Statement of policy

2744. §8572 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to Iranian petroleum

2745. §8573 — Report on Iranian petroleum and petroleum products exports

2746. §8574 — Strategy to counter role of the People’s Republic of China in evasion of sanctions with respect to Iran

2747. §8575 — Definitions

2748. §8601 — Findings

2749. §8602 — Statement of policy

2750. §8603 — United States actions to assist in the defense of Israel and protect United States interests

2751. §8604 — Reports required

2752. §8605 — Definitions

2753. §8605 — Section 2776(h)(2) of this title , referred to in par. (2), was redesignated section 2776(h)(3) of this title by Pub. L. 113–296, § 11(b)(1) , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 4078 .

2754. §8606 — United States-Israel cooperation on energy, water, homeland security, agriculture, and alternative fuel technologies

2755. §8607 — Other matters of cooperation

2756. §8607 — Section 9(b)(3) of the Water Desalination Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (j), is section 9(b)(3) of Pub. L. 104–298 , which is set out in a note under section 10301 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

2757. §8701 — Definitions

2758. §8711 — Sense of Congress on enforcement of multilateral sanctions regime and expansion and implementation of sanctions laws

2759. §8712 — Diplomatic efforts to expand multilateral sanctions regime

2760. §8712 — Section 8513a(d)(4)(D) of this title , as amended by section 504, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), means section 8513a(d)(4)(D) of this title , as amended by section 504 of Pub. L. 112–158 .

2761. §8721 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to the provision of vessels or shipping services to transport certain goods related to proliferation or terrorism activities to Iran

2762. §8722 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to provision of underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance for the National Iranian Oil Company or the National Iranian Tanker Company

2763. §8723 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to purchase, subscription to, or facilitation of the issuance of Iranian sovereign debt

2764. §8724 — Continuation in effect of sanctions with respect to the Government of Iran, the Central Bank of Iran, and sanctions evaders

2765. §8725 — Liability of parent companies for violations of sanctions by foreign subsidiaries

2766. §8726 — Reports on, and authorization of imposition of sanctions with respect to, the provision of specialized financial messaging services to the Central Bank of Iran and other sanctioned Iranian financial institutions

2767. §8727 — Identification of, and immigration restrictions on, senior officials of the Government of Iran and their family members

2768. §8741 — Identification of, and imposition of sanctions with respect to, officials, agents, and affiliates of Iran’s Revolutionary Guard Corps

2769. §8742 — Identification of, and imposition of sanctions with respect to, persons that support or conduct certain transactions with Iran’s Revolutionary Guard Corps or other sanctioned persons

2770. §8742 — Section 8513(c) of this title , as added by section 312, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(B)(ii), means section 8513(c) of this title , as added by section 312 of Pub. L. 112–158 .

2771. §8743 — Identification of, and imposition of measures with respect to, foreign government agencies carrying out activities or transactions with certain Iran-affiliated persons

2772. §8743 — Section 1501 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 1501 of Pub. L. 104–201 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 2362 of Title 50 , War and National Defense, and was repealed by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(5) , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3607 .

2773. §8744 — Rule of construction

2774. §8751 — Codification of sanctions with respect to grave human rights abuses by the Governments of Iran and Syria using information technology

2775. §8752 — Clarification of sensitive technologies for purposes of procurement ban under Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010

2776. §8753 — Expedited consideration of requests for authorization of certain human rights-, humanitarian-, and democracy-related activities with respect to Iran

2777. §8754 — Comprehensive strategy to promote Internet freedom and access to information in Iran

2778. § 8754a. Strategy and grant program to promote internet freedom in Iran

2779. §8755 — Statement of policy on political prisoners

2780. §8756 — Secretary of State assistance for prisoners in Islamic Republic of Iran

2781. §8771 — Exclusion of citizens of Iran seeking education relating to the nuclear and energy sectors of Iran

2782. §8772 — Interests in certain financial assets of Iran

2783. §8772 — Section 201(d) of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (d)(5), is section 201(d) of Pub. L. 107–297 , which is set out as a note under section 1610 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

2784. §8773 — Report on membership of Iran in international organizations

2785. §8781 — Implementation; penalties

2786. §8781 — Section 312, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 312 of Pub. L. 112–158 , Aug. 10, 2012 , 126 Stat. 1249 . Subsec. (a) of section 312 is not classified to the Code. Subsecs. (b) and (c) of section 312 amended section 8513 of this title . Subsec. (d) of section 312 enacted provisions set out as a note under section 8513 of this title .

2787. §8781 — Section 8513b of this title , as added by section 312, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was in the original “section 104A of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010, as added by section 312” and was translated as meaning section 104A of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010, as added by section 216(a) of Pub. L. 112–158 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress. For classification of section 312 of Pub. L. 112–158 , see above.

2788. §8782 — Applicability to certain intelligence activities

2789. §8783 — Applicability to certain natural gas projects

2790. §8784 — Rule of construction with respect to use of force against Iran and Syria

2791. §8785 — Termination

2792. §8791 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to certain persons who are responsible for or complicit in human rights abuses committed against citizens of Syria or their family members

2793. §8792 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to the transfer of goods or technologies to Syria that are likely to be used to commit human rights abuses

2794. §8793 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons who engage in censorship or other forms of repression in Syria

2795. §8794 — Waiver

2796. §8795 — Termination

2797. §8801 — Definitions

2798. §8801 — Section 4618 of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (a)(6), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

2799. §8802 — Sense of Congress relating to violations of human rights by Iran

2800. §8803 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to the energy, shipping, and shipbuilding sectors of Iran

2801. §8804 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to the sale, supply, or transfer of certain materials to or from Iran

2802. §8805 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to the provision of underwriting services or insurance or reinsurance for activities or persons with respect to which sanctions have been imposed

2803. §8806 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to foreign financial institutions that facilitate financial transactions on behalf of specially designated nationals

2804. §8807 — Impositions of sanctions with respect to the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting

2805. §8808 — Report on use of certain Iranian seaports by foreign vessels and use of foreign airports by sanctioned Iranian air carriers

2806. §8809 — Implementation; penalties

2807. §8810 — Applicability to certain natural gas projects

2808. §8811 — Rule of construction

2809. §8901 — Definitions

2810. §8902 — United States policy toward Ukraine

2811. §8903 — Provision of costs of loan guarantees for Ukraine

2812. §8904 — Recovery of assets linked to governmental corruption in Ukraine

2813. §8904 — Section 314(a) of the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 314(a) of Pub. L. 107–56 , which is set out as a note under section 5311 of Title 31 , Money and Finance.

2814. §8905 — Democracy, civil society, governance, and technical assistance for Ukraine and other states in Central and Eastern Europe

2815. §8906 — Enhanced security cooperation with Ukraine and other countries in Central and Eastern Europe

2816. §8907 — Sanctions on persons responsible for violence or undermining the peace, security, stability, sovereignty, or territorial integrity of Ukraine

2817. §8907 — Section 4618 of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

2818. §8908 — Sanctions on persons in the Russian Federation complicit in or responsible for significant corruption

2819. §8908 — Section 4618 of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(B), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

2820. §8909 — Mandatory imposition of sanctions with respect to certain transactions with persons that evade sanctions imposed with respect to the Russian Federation

2821. §8910 — Mandatory imposition of sanctions with respect to transactions with persons responsible for human rights abuses

2822. §8921 — Definitions

2823. §8922 — Statement of policy regarding Ukraine

2824. §8923 — Sanctions relating to the defense and energy sectors of the Russian Federation

2825. §8924 — Sanctions on Russian and other foreign financial institutions

2826. §8925 — Increased military assistance for the Government of Ukraine

2827. §8926 — Expanded nonmilitary assistance for Ukraine

2828. §8927 — Expanded broadcasting in countries of the former Soviet Union

2829. §8928 — Support for Russian democracy and civil society organizations

2830. §8929 — Report on non-compliance by the Russian Federation of its obligations under the INF Treaty

2831. §8930 — Rule of construction

2832. §9001 — Findings and declarations

2833. §9002 — Definitions

2834. §9003 — Judicial remedies

2835. §9004 — Provisional remedies

2836. §9005 — Admissibility of documents

2837. §9006 — Section 1. Designation of Central Authority . The Department of State is hereby designated as the Central Authority of the United States for purposes of the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. The Secretary of State is hereby authorized and empowered, in accordance with such regulations as he may prescribe, to perform all lawful acts that may be necessary and proper in order to execute the functions of the Central Authority in a timely and efficient manner.

2838. §9006 — United States Central Authority

2839. §9007 — Costs and fees

2840. §9008 — Collection, maintenance, and dissemination of information

2841. §9009 — Office of Children’s Issues

2842. §9010 — Interagency coordinating group

2843. §9011 — Authorization of appropriations

2844. §9101 — Definitions

2845. §9111 — Annual Report

2846. §9112 — Standards and assistance

2847. §9113 — Bilateral procedures, including memoranda of understanding

2848. §9114 — Report to congressional representatives

2849. §9121 — Response to international child abductions

2850. §9122 — Actions by the Secretary of State in response to patterns of noncompliance in cases of international child abductions

2851. §9123 — Consultations with foreign governments

2852. §9124 — Waiver by the Secretary of State

2853. §9125 — Termination of actions by the Secretary of State

2854. §9141 — Authorization for judicial training on international parental child abduction

2855. §9201 — Findings; purposes

2856. §9202 — Definitions

2857. §9203 — Strategy on North Korea

2858. §9211 — Statement of policy

2859. §9212 — Investigations

2860. §9213 — Reporting requirements

2861. §9214 — Designation of persons

2862. §9214 — Section 9225, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B), was repealed and a new section 9225 enacted by Pub. L. 115–44, title III, § 314 , Aug. 2, 2017 , 131 Stat. 946 . The sanctions formerly described in section 9225(c) of this title are now contained in section 9225(d) of this title .

2863. §9221 — Determinations with respect to North Korea as a jurisdiction of primary money laundering concern

2864. § 9221a. Prohibition on indirect correspondent accounts

2865. § 9221b. Sanctions with respect to foreign financial institutions that provide financial services to certain sanctioned persons

2866. § 9221c. Prohibition on transactions with certain sanctioned persons by persons owned or controlled by United States financial institutions

2867. §9222 — Ensuring the consistent enforcement of United Nations Security Council resolutions and financial restrictions on North Korea

2868. §9223 — Proliferation prevention sanctions

2869. §9223 — Section 4605(j) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

2870. §9224 — Procurement sanctions

2871. §9225 — Enhanced inspection authorities

2872. §9226 — Travel sanctions

2873. §9227 — Travel recommendations for United States citizens to North Korea

2874. §9228 — Exemptions, waivers, and removals of designation

2875. §9229 — Report on and imposition of sanctions to address persons responsible for knowingly engaging in significant activities undermining cybersecurity

2876. §9230 — Codification of sanctions with respect to North Korean activities undermining cybersecurity

2877. §9231 — Sense of Congress on trilateral cooperation between the United States, South Korea, and Japan

2878. §9241 — Strategy to promote North Korean human rights

2879. § 9241a. Rebuttable presumption applicable to goods made with North Korean labor

2880. § 9241b. Sanctions on foreign persons employing North Korean labor

2881. §9242 — Report on North Korean prison camps

2882. §9243 — Report on and imposition of sanctions with respect to serious human rights abuses or censorship in North Korea

2883. §9251 — Suspension of sanctions and other measures

2884. §9252 — Termination of sanctions and other measures

2885. §9254 — Rulemaking

2886. §9255 — Authority to consolidate reports

2887. §9261 — Definitions

2888. §9265 — Notification of termination or suspension of sanctions

2889. § 9265a. Reports on certain licensing actions

2890. §9269 — Rulemaking

2891. § 9269a. Authority to consolidate reports

2892. Section 7121 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 7121 of title LXXI of div. F of Pub. L. 116–92 , Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 2244 , which enacted section 9221b of this title .

2893. § 9269b. Waivers, exemptions, and termination

2894. § 9269c. Procedures for review of classified and certain other information

2895. § 9269d. Exception relating to importation of goods

2896. §9301 — Findings

2897. §9302 — Statement of policy objectives; sense of Congress

2898. §9303 — Definitions

2899. §9304 — Comprehensive Global Food Security Strategy

2900. §9305 — Assistance to implement the Global Food Security Strategy

2901. §9306 — Emergency Food Security Program

2902. §9307 — Reports

2903. §9308 — Rule of construction

2904. §9401 — Definitions

2905. §9402 — Regional strategy for countering conventional and asymmetric Iranian threats in the Middle East and North Africa

2906. §9403 — Imposition of additional sanctions in response to Iran’s ballistic missile program

2907. §9403 — Section 1. (a) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 110 of the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act of 2017 ( Public Law 115–44 ) (the “Act”)[.]

2908. §9404 — Imposition of terrorism-related sanctions with respect to the IRGC

2909. §9405 — Imposition of additional sanctions with respect to persons responsible for human rights abuses

2910. §9406 — Enforcement of arms embargos

2911. §9406 — Section 4605(j)(1)(A) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

2912. §9407 — Review of applicability of sanctions relating to Iran’s support for terrorism and its ballistic missile program

2913. §9408 — Report on coordination of sanctions between the United States and the European Union

2914. §9409 — Report on United States citizens detained by Iran

2915. §9410 — Exceptions for national security and humanitarian assistance; rule of construction

2916. §9410 — Section 4618 of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (d)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

2917. §9411 — Presidential waiver authority

2918. §9412 — Report and annual briefing on Iranian expenditures supporting foreign military and terrorist activities

2919. §9421 — Findings

2920. §9422 — Statement of policy

2921. §9423 — Sanctions to combat the proliferation of Iranian missiles

2922. §9424 — Definitions

2923. §9501 — Findings

2924. §9502 — Sense of Congress

2925. §9511 — Congressional review of certain actions relating to sanctions imposed with respect to the Russian Federation

2926. §9511 — Section 216(a)(1) of the Russia Sanctions Review Act of 2017, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(B), (2)(B), is subsec. (a)(1) of this section.

2927. §9521 — Definitions

2928. §9521 — Section 1. (a) When the President, or the Secretary of State or the Secretary of the Treasury pursuant to authority delegated by the President and in accordance with the terms of such delegation, has determined that sanctions shall be imposed on a person pursuant to sections 224(a)(2), 231(a), 232(a), or 233(a) of CAATSA [ 22 U.S.C. 9524(a)(2) , 9525(a), 9526(a), or 9527(a)] and has selected from section 235 of CAATSA [ 22 U.S.C. 9529 ] any of the sanctions set forth below to impose on that person, the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, shall take the following actions where necessary to implement the sanctions selected and maintained by the President, the Secretary of State, or the Secretary of the Treasury:

2929. §9521 — Section 4618 of title 50 , referred to in par. (2), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

2930. §9522 — Codification of sanctions relating to the Russian Federation

2931. §9523 — Modification of implementation of Executive Order No. 13662

2932. §9524 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to activities of the Russian Federation undermining cybersecurity

2933. §9525 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons engaging in transactions with the intelligence or defense sectors of the Government of the Russian Federation

2934. §9526 — Sanctions with respect to the development of pipelines in the Russian Federation

2935. §9526 — Sec. 10. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

2936. §9526 — Sec. 2. The Secretary of State shall implement section 7503(b) of PEESA as it applies to visas, and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall implement section 7503(b) of PEESA as it applies to admission and parole. Such implementation shall be consistent with any exceptions or waivers provided by statute, or in regulations, orders, or directives that may be issued pursuant to this order.

2937. §9526 — Sec. 3. The prohibitions in section 1 of this order include:

2938. §9526 — Sec. 4. (a) Any transaction that evades or avoids, has the purpose of evading or avoiding, causes a violation of, or attempts to violate any of the prohibitions set forth in this order is prohibited.

2939. §9526 — Sec. 5. I hereby determine that the making of donations of the types of articles specified in section 203(b)(2) of IEEPA ( 50 U.S.C. 1702(b)(2) ) by, to, or for the benefit of any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this order would seriously impair my ability to deal with the national emergency declared in Executive Order 14024, and I hereby prohibit such donations as provided by section 1 of this order.

2940. §9526 — Sec. 6. For the purposes of this order:

2941. §9526 — Sec. 7. For those persons whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this order who might have a constitutional presence in the United States, I find that because of the ability to transfer funds or other assets instantaneously, prior notice to such persons of measures to be taken pursuant to this order would render those measures ineffectual. I therefore determine that for these measures to be effective in addressing the national emergency declared in Executive Order 14024, there need be no prior notice of a listing or determination made pursuant to section 1 of this order.

2942. §9526 — Sec. 8. The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, is hereby authorized to take such actions, including the promulgation of rules and regulations, and to employ all powers granted to the President by IEEPA and PEESA, as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this order. The Secretary of the Treasury may, consistent with applicable law, redelegate any of these functions within the Department of the Treasury. All departments and agencies of the United States shall take all appropriate measures within their authority to carry out the provisions of this order.

2943. §9526 — Sec. 9. Nothing in this order shall prohibit transactions for the conduct of the official business of the Federal Government or the United Nations, including its programs, funds, and other entities and bodies, as well as its specialized agencies and related organizations, by employees, grantees, and contractors thereof.

2944. §9526 — Section 1. (a) With respect to any foreign person identified by the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, in a report to the Congress pursuant to section 7503(a)(1)(B) of PEESA, all property and interests in property of such person that are in the United States, that hereafter come within the United States, or that are or hereafter come within the possession or control of any United States person are blocked and may not be transferred, paid, exported, withdrawn, or otherwise dealt in.

2945. §9527 — Sanctions with respect to investment in or facilitation of privatization of State-owned assets by the Russian Federation

2946. §9528 — Sanctions with respect to the transfer of arms and related materiel to Syria

2947. §9529 — Sanctions described

2948. §9530 — Exceptions, waiver, and termination

2949. §9531 — Exception relating to activities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration

2950. §9532 — Rule of construction

2951. §9541 — Findings

2952. §9542 — Sense of Congress

2953. §9543 — Coordinating aid and assistance across Europe and Eurasia

2954. §9544 — Report on media organizations controlled and funded by the Government of the Russian Federation

2955. §9545 — Report on Russian Federation influence on elections in Europe and Eurasia

2956. §9546 — Ukranian energy security

2957. §9547 — Termination

2958. §9548 — Appropriate congressional committees defined

2959. §9561 — Definitions

2960. §9562 — Statement of policy

2961. §9563 — Prioritization of efforts and assistance for energy infrastructure projects in Europe and Eurasia

2962. §9564 — Progress reports

2963. §9601 — Definitions

2964. §9611 — Statement of policy

2965. §9612 — United States International Development Finance Corporation

2966. §9613 — Management of Corporation

2967. §9614 — Independent accountability mechanism

2968. §9621 — Authorities relating to provision of support

2969. §9622 — Terms and conditions

2970. §9623 — Payment of losses

2971. §9624 — Termination

2972. §9631 — Operations

2973. §9632 — Corporate powers

2974. §9633 — Maximum contingent liability

2975. §9634 — Corporate funds

2976. §9635 — Coordination with other development agencies

2977. §9651 — Establishment of risk and audit committees

2978. §9652 — Performance measures, evaluation, and learning

2979. §9653 — Annual report

2980. §9654 — Publicly available project information

2981. §9655 — Engagement with investors

2982. §9656 — Notifications to be provided by the Corporation

2983. §9671 — Limitations and preferences

2984. §9672 — Additionality and avoidance of market distortion

2985. §9673 — Prohibition on support in countries that support terrorism or violate human rights and with sanctioned persons

2986. §9674 — Applicability of certain provisions of law

2987. §9681 — Definitions

2988. §9682 — Reorganization plan

2989. §9683 — Transfer of functions

2990. §9684 — Termination of Overseas Private Investment Corporation and other superceded authorities

2991. §9685 — Transitional authorities

2992. §9686 — Savings provisions

2993. §9687 — Other terminations

2994. §9688 — Incidental transfers

2995. §9689 — Reference

2996. §9701 — Findings; sense of Congress in support of the Interim President of Venezuela

2997. §9702 — Recognition of Venezuela’s democratically elected National Assembly

2998. §9703 — Advancing a negotiated solution to Venezuela’s crisis

2999. §9711 — Humanitarian relief for the Venezuelan people

3000. §9712 — Support for efforts at the United Nations on the humanitarian crisis in Venezuela

3001. §9721 — Additional restrictions on visas

3002. §9721 — Section 5(a) of the Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society Act of 2014 ( Public Law 113–278 ), referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(A), is section 5(a) of Pub. L. 113–278 , Dec. 18, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3011 , which is set out in a note under section 1701 of Title 50 , War and National Defense. Section 5(a) was not amended by section 163 of title I of div. J of Pub. L. 116–94 . However, an earlier version of the Act comprising such title I (S. 1025 of the 116th Cong., 1st Sess.) contained a section 603 that did amend section 5(a) of Pub. L. 113–278 , but the amendment was not included anywhere in the version enacted by Pub. L. 116–94 .

3003. §9722 — Section 5(a) of the Venezuela Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society Act of 2014, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 5(a) of Pub. L. 113–278 , Dec. 18, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3011 , which is set out in a note under section 1701 of Title 50 , War and National Defense. Section 5(a) was not amended by section 163 of title I of div. J of Pub. L. 116–94 and does not contain a par. (4) or (5). However, an earlier version of the Act comprising such title I (S. 1025 of the 116th Cong., 1st Sess.) contained a section 603 that did amend section 5(a) of Pub. L. 113–278 by redesignating par. (3) as (5) and adding new pars. (3) and (4) relating to sanctions on persons undermining democratic governance and responsible for public corruption. That amendment was not included anywhere in the version enacted by Pub. L. 116–94 .

3004. §9722 — Waiver for sanctioned officials that recognize the Interim President of Venezuela

3005. §9731 — Support for international election observation and democratic civil society

3006. §9741 — Recovering assets stolen from the Venezuelan people

3007. §9751 — Developing and implementing a coordinated sanctions strategy with partners in the Western Hemisphere and the European Union

3008. §9752 — Concerns over PDVSA transactions with Rosneft

3009. §9753 — Countering Russian influence in Venezuela

3010. §9754 — Restriction on export of covered articles and services to certain security forces of Venezuela

3011. §9761 — Congressional briefings

3012. §9761 — Section 131, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is section 131 of title I of div. J of Pub. L. 116–94 , Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 3034 , which is not classified to the Code.

3013. §9761 — Section 142, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 142 of title I of div. J of Pub. L. 116–94 , Dec. 20, 2019 , 133 Stat. 3038 , which is not classified to the Code.

3014. §9762 — Prohibition on construction of provisions of this chapter as an authorization for the use of military force

3015. §9763 — Termination

3016. §9801 — Appropriate congressional committees defined

3017. §9802 — Statement of policy

3018. §9803 — Global fragility strategy

3019. §9804 — Selection of priority countries and regions

3020. §9805 — Priority country and regional plans

3021. §9806 — Implementation

3022. §9807 — Biennial reports and congressional consultation

3023. §9808 — Authorization of appropriations

3024. §9809 — Improving and leveraging assistance for the global fragility strategy

3025. §9810 — Rule of construction

3026. §9901 — Findings

3027. §9902 — Report from each mission on matters of commercial relations

3028. §9903 — Consolidated report on unified investment climate statement and country commercial guide

3029. §9904 — Whole-of-government coordination and consultation to support United States economic and business interests

3030. §9905 — Private sector consultation and coordination

3031. §9906 — Improving awareness of United States Government tools and services to support United States businesses overseas

3032. §10001 — Definitions

3033. §10002 — Statement of policy

3034. §10003 — Support for democratic governance, rule of law, human rights, and fundamental freedoms

3035. §10004 — Support for development programs

3036. §10005 — Support for conflict mitigation

3037. §10006 — Support for accountability for war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide in Sudan

3038. §10007 — Suspension of assistance

3039. §10008 — Multilateral assistance

3040. §10009 — Coordinated support to recover assets stolen from the Sudanese people

3041. §10010 — Limitation on assistance to the Sudanese security and intelligence services

3042. §10011 — Reports

3043. §10012 — United States strategy for support to a civilian-led government in Sudan

3044. §10101 — Definitions

3045. §10102 — Authorization of imposition of sanctions

3046. §10102 — Section 16 of the Export Administration Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(C)(ii), is section 16 of Pub. L. 96–72 , Sept. 29, 1979 , 93 Stat. 533 , which was classified to section 4618 of Title 50 , War and National Defense, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 .

3047. §10103 — Reports to Congress

3048. §10201 — Definitions

3049. §10211 — Statement of policy

3050. §10221 — Definitions

3051. §10222 — Imposition of sanctions with respect to human rights abuses and perpetration of a coup in Burma

3052. §10223 — Sanctions and policy coordination for Burma

3053. §10224 — Support for greater United Nations action with respect to Burma

3054. §10225 — Sunset

3055. §10241 — General authorization of appropriations

3056. §10242 — Limitations

3057. §10243 — Appropriate congressional committees defined

3058. §10251 — Authorization to provide technical assistance for efforts against human rights abuses

3059. §10251 — Section 5941, referred to in subsec. (b), is unidentifiable in the original. Although Pub. L. 117–263 does contain a section 5941, that section is outside the BURMA Act of 2022, which comprises this chapter, and relates to the submission of a report by the Secretary of Agriculture on wholesale produce markets. Prior versions of the Act included a section requiring a report containing a study of the feasibility and desirability of a transitional justice mechanism for Burma, but that section did not appear in the version of the Act enacted by Pub. L. 117–263 .

3060. §10261 — Sanctions exception relating to importation of goods

3061. §10301 — United States international cyberspace policy

3062. §10302 — International cyberspace and digital policy strategy

3063. §10303 — Cybersecurity recruitment and retention

3064. §10304 — Short course on emerging technologies for senior officials

3065. §10305 — Establishment and expansion of Regional Technology Officer Program

3066. §10306 — Vulnerability disclosure policy and bug bounty program report

3067. §10307 — Digital Connectivity and Cybersecurity Partnership

3068. §10308 — Cyber protection support for personnel of the Department of State in positions highly vulnerable to cyber attack

3069. §10401 — Definitions

3070. §10411 — AUKUS partnership oversight and accountability framework

3071. §10412 — Designation of senior official for Department of Defense activities relating to, and implementation plan for, the AUKUS partnership

3072. §10413 — Reporting related to the AUKUS partnership

3073. §10413 — Sec. 2. The delegation in this memorandum shall apply to any provision of any future public law that is the same or substantially the same as the provision referenced in this memorandum.

3074. §10413 — Sec. 3. The Secretary of Defense is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

3075. §10413 — Section 1. (a) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 1352(g) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 ( Public Law 118–31 ) (the “Act”) [ 22 U.S.C. 10431(g) ].

3076. §10421 — Priority for Australia and the United Kingdom in foreign military sales and direct commercial sales

3077. §10422 — Identification and pre-clearance of platforms, technologies, and equipment for sale to Australia and the United Kingdom through foreign military sales and direct commercial sales

3078. §10423 — Expedited review of export licenses for exports of advanced technologies to Australia, the United Kingdom, and Canada

3079. §10431 — Authorization of sales of Virginia Class submarines to Australia

3080. §10431 — Sec. 2. The delegation in this memorandum shall apply to any provision of any future public law that is the same or substantially the same as the provision referenced in this memorandum.

3081. §10431 — Sec. 3. The Secretary of Defense is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

3082. §10431 — Section 1. (a) I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretaries of Defense and Energy, the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 1352(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 ( Public Law 118–31 ) (the “Act”) [ 22 U.S.C. 10431(a) ].

3083. §10432 — Acceptance of contributions in support of Australia, United Kingdom, and United States submarine security activities

3084. §10432 — Section 8005 of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2023, referred to in subsec. (e)(1)(B), is section 8005 of Pub. L. 117–328 , div. C, title VIII, Dec. 29, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4585 , which is not classified to the Code.

3085. §10433 — Appropriate congressional committees and leadership defined

3086. §10501 — Definitions

3087. §10502 — Publication and provision of lists regarding progress on anti-corruption efforts

3088. §10503 — Minimum standards for the elimination of corruption and assessment of efforts to combat corruption

3089. §10504 — Imposition of sanctions under Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act

3090. §10505 — Designation of embassy anti-corruption points of contact

3091. §10601 — Definitions

3092. §10602 — Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is classified to section 501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

3093. §10602 — United States Foundation for International Conservation

3094. §10603 — Governance of the Foundation

3095. §10604 — Corporate powers and obligations of the Foundation

3096. §10605 — Safeguards and accountability

3097. §10606 — Projects and grants

3098. §10607 — Prohibition of support for certain governments

3099. §10608 — Annual report

3100. §10609 — Authorization of appropriations

3101. §10609 — Part I and chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in subsec. (a), means part I and chapter 4 of part II of Pub. L. 87–195 , Sept. 4, 1961 , 75 Stat. 424 . Part I of the Act is classified generally to subchapter I (§ 2151 et seq.) of chapter 32 of this title. Chapter 4 of part II of the Act is classified generally to part IV (§ 2346 et seq.) of subchapter II of chapter 32 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

Title 23

1. §101 — Definitions and declaration of policy

2. §101 — Section 108(b) of the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 ( 70 Stat. 374 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 108(b) of act June 29, 1956, ch. 462 , 70 Stat. 378 , which is set out below.

3. §102 — Program efficiencies

4. §103 — National Highway System

5. §103 — Section 103(e)(4) of this title , as added Pub. L. 93–87, title I, § 137(b) , Aug. 13, 1973 , 87 Stat. 269 , and amended Pub. L. 93–643, § 125(b) , Jan. 4, 1975 , 88 Stat. 2290 , read prior to amendment by section 110 of Pub. L. 94–280 [see 1976 Amendment notes above] as follows: “Upon the joint request of a State Governor and the local governments concerned, the Secretary may withdraw his approval of any route or portion thereof on the Interstate System within any urbanized area in that State selected and approved in accordance with this title prior to the enactment of this paragraph, if he determines that such route or portion thereof is not essential to completion of a unified and connected Interstate System or will no longer be essential by reason of the application of this paragraph and will not be constructed as a part of the Interstate System, and if he receives assurances that the State does not intend to construct a toll road in the traffic corridor which would be served by such route or portion thereof. The mileage of the route or portion thereof approval of which is withdrawn under this paragraph shall be available for designation on the Interstate System in any other State in accordance with paragraph (1) of this subsection. After the Secretary has withdrawn his approval of any such route or portion thereof, whenever responsible local officials of such urbanized area notify the State highway department that, in lieu of a route or portion thereof approval for which is withdrawn under this paragraph, their needs require a nonhighway public mass transit project involving the construction of fixed rail facilities, or the purchase of passenger equipment, including rolling stock for any mode of mass transit, or both, and the State highway department determines that such public mass transit project is in accordance with the planning process under section 134 of this title and is entitled to priority under such planning process, such public mass transit project shall be submitted for approval to the Secretary. Approval of the plans, specifications, and estimates for such project by the Secretary shall be deemed a contractual obligation of the United States for payment out of the general funds in the Treasury of its proportional share of the cost of such project in an amount equal to the Federal share which would be paid for such a project under the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964 [section 1601 et seq. of Title 49, Transportation], except that the total Federal cost of all such projects under this paragraph with respect to such route or portion thereof approval of which is withdrawn under this paragraph, shall not exceed the Federal share of the cost which would have been paid for such route or portion thereof, as such cost is included in the 1972 Interstate System cost estimate set forth in table 5 of House Public Works Committee Print Numbered 92–29, as revised in House Report Numbered 92–1443, increased or decreased, as the case may be, as determined by the Secretary, based on changes in construction costs of such route or portion thereof as of the date of withdrawal of approval under this paragraph and in accordance with that design of such route or portion thereof which is the basis of such 1972 cost estimate. Funds apportioned to such State for the Interstate System, which apportionment is based upon an Interstate System cost estimate that includes a route or portion thereof approval of which is withdrawn under this paragraph, shall be reduced by an amount equal to the Federal share of such proj­ect as such share becomes a contractual obligation of the United States. No general funds shall be obligated under authority of this paragraph after June 30, 1981 . No nonhighway public mass transit project shall be approved under this paragraph unless the Secretary has received assurances satisfactory to him from the State that public mass transportation systems will fully utilize the proposed project. The provision of assistance under this paragraph shall not be construed as bringing within the application of chapter 15 of title 5, United States Code [section 1501 et seq. of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees], any nonsupervisory employee of an urban mass transportation system (or of any other agency or entity performing related functions) to whom such chapter is otherwise inapplicable. Funds available for expenditure to carry out the purposes of this paragraph shall be supplementary to and not in substitution for funds authorized and available for obligation pursuant to the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964, as amended [section 1601 et seq. of Title 49, Transportation]. The provisions of section 3(e)(4) of the Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964, as amended, [section 1602 (e)(4) of Title 49], shall apply in carrying out this paragraph.”

6. §104 — Apportionment

7. §106 — Project approval and oversight

8. §107 — Acquisition of rights-of-way—Interstate System

9. §108 — Advance acquisition of real property

10. §108 — Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(F), probably means section 7 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, which is classified to section 1536 of Title 16 , Conservation.

11. §109 — Standards

12. §111 — Agreements relating to use of and access to rights-of-way—Interstate System

13. §112 — Letting of contracts

14. §112 — Section 1307(c) of the Transportation Equity Act for 21st Century, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(D), is section 1307(c) of Pub. L. 105–178 , which is set out as a note below.

15. §113 — Prevailing rate of wage

16. §114 — Construction

17. §115 — Advance construction

18. §115 — Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178 , as in effect on day before July 22, 1998 , that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206 , set out as a note under section 101 of this title .

19. §116 — Maintenance

20. §117 — Nationally significant multimodal freight and highway projects

21. §118 — Availability of funds

22. §118 — Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178 , as in effect on day before July 22, 1998 , that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206 , set out as a note under section 101 of this title .

23. §119 — National highway performance program

24. §119 — Section 144 (as in effect the day before enactment of MAP–21), referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(A), means section 144 of this title as in effect the day before the enactment of Pub. L. 112–141 , which amended section 144 generally. Prior to amendment by Pub. L. 112–141 , section 144 related to the highway bridge program.

25. §119 — Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178 , as in effect on day before July 22, 1998 , that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206 , set out as a note under section 101 of this title .

26. §120 — Federal share payable

27. §120 — Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178 , as in effect on day before July 22, 1998 , that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206 , set out as a note under section 101 of this title .

28. §121 — Payment to States for construction

29. §122 — Payments to States for bond and other debt instrument financing

30. §123 — Relocation of utility facilities

31. §124 — Bridge investment program

32. §125 — Emergency relief

33. §126 — Transferability of Federal-aid highway funds

34. §127 — Section 1105(c) of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, referred to in subsecs. (j) and (w), is section 1105(c) of Pub. L. 102–240 , which is not classified to the Code. Par. (57) was added by Pub. L. 109–59, title I, § 1304(b)(5) , Aug. 10, 2005 , 119 Stat. 1211 . Par. (96) was added by Pub. L. 117–58, div. A, title I, § 11514(a)(2) , Nov. 15, 2021 , 135 Stat. 597 .

35. §127 — Section 335 of the Department of Transportation and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1991, referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(A), is section 335 of Pub. L. 101–516 , which is not classified to the Code.

36. §127 — Vehicle weight limitations—Interstate System

37. §128 — Public hearings

38. §129 — Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178 , as in effect on day before July 22, 1998 , that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206 , set out as a note under section 101 of this title .

39. §129 — Toll roads, bridges, tunnels, and ferries

40. §130 — Railway-highway crossings

41. §130 — Section 104(b)(3)(A) as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of the MAP–21, referred to in subsec. (f)(1), means section 104(b)(3)(A) of this title as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of Pub. L. 112–141 , which amended section 104 generally. The date of enactment of the MAP–21 is deemed to be Oct. 1, 2012 , see section 3(a), (b) of Pub. L. 112–141 , set out as Effective and Termination Dates of 2012 Amendment notes under section 101 of this title .

42. §131 — Control of outdoor advertising

43. §131 — Section 1047 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, referred to in subsec. (s), is section 1047 of Pub. L. 102–240 , which is set out as a note under section 101 of this title .

44. §132 — Payments on Federal-aid projects undertaken by a Federal agency

45. §133 — Surface transportation block grant program

46. §134 — Metropolitan transportation planning

47. §135 — Statewide and nonmetropolitan transportation planning

48. §136 — Control of junkyards

49. §137 — Fringe and corridor parking facilities

50. §138 — Preservation of parklands

51. §139 — Efficient environmental reviews for project decisionmaking and One Federal Decision

52. §139 — Section 204 of this title , referred to in subsec. (j)(3), was repealed and a new section 204 enacted by Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, § 1119(a) , July 6, 2012 , 126 Stat. 473 , 489.

53. §139 — Section 41003(b) of the FAST Act, referred to in subsec. ( o )(1)(A), is section 41003(b) of Pub. L. 114–94 , known as the FAST Act and also known as the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act, which is classified to section 4370m–2(b) of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

54. §139 — Section 6002(a) of Pub. L. 109–59 , which directed that this section be inserted after section 138 of subchapter I of chapter 1 of this title, was executed by adding this section after section 138 of chapter 1 of this title, to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the amendment by Pub. L. 109–59, § 1602(b)(6)(A) , which struck out the subchapter I heading preceding section 101 of this title .

55. §140 — Nondiscrimination

56. §141 — Enforcement of requirements

57. §141 — Section 4481 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (c), is classified to section 4481 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

58. §142 — Public transportation

59. §143 — Highway use tax evasion projects

60. §143 — Section 6103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(C), is classified to section 6103 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

61. §143 — Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178 , as in effect on day before July 22, 1998 , that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206 , set out as a note under section 101 of this title .

62. §144 — National bridge and tunnel inventory and inspection standards

63. §144 — Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178 , as in effect on day before July 22, 1998 , that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206 , set out as a note under section 101 of this title .

64. §145 — Federal-State relationship

65. §145 — Section 1101(a)(13) of the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 1101(a)(13) of Pub. L. 105–178 , title I, June 9, 1998 , 112 Stat. 113 , which is not classified to the Code.

66. §145 — Section 1101(a)(16) of the SAFETEA–LU, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 1101(a)(16) of Pub. L. 109–59 , title I, Aug. 10, 2005 , 119 Stat. 1155 , which is not classified to the Code.

67. §145 — Section 149(a) of the Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 149(a) of Pub. L. 100–17 , title I, Apr. 2, 1987 , 101 Stat. 181 , which is not classified to the Code.

68. §145 — Section 1602 of the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 1602 of Pub. L. 105–178 , title I, June 9, 1998 , 112 Stat. 256 , which is not classified to the Code.

69. §145 — Section 1702 of the SAFETEA–LU, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 1702 of Pub. L. 109–59 , title I, Aug. 10, 2005 , 119 Stat. 1256 , which is not classified to the Code.

70. §146 — Carpool and vanpool projects

71. §147 — Construction of ferry boats and ferry terminal facilities

72. §148 — Highway safety improvement program

73. §148 — Section 1401 of the MAP–21, referred to in subsec. (a)(4)(B)(xxiii), is section 1401 of Pub. L. 112–141 , which is set out as a note under section 137 of this title .

74. §149 — Congestion mitigation and air quality improvement program

75. §149 — Section 209 of the Passenger Rail Investment and Improvement Act of 2008, referred to in subsec. (m), is section 209 of div. B of Pub. L. 110–432 , which is set out as a note under section 24101 of Title 49 , Transportation.

76. §150 — National goals and performance management measures

77. §151 — National electric vehicle charging and hydrogen, propane, and natural gas fueling corridors

78. §152 — Hazard elimination program

79. §153 — Section 104 of this title , referred to in subsec. (h)(1), was amended generally by Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, § 1105(a) , July 6, 2012 , 126 Stat. 427 .

80. §153 — Section 154 of this title , referred to in subsec. (i)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–59, title II, § 205(d)(1)(B) , Nov. 28, 1995 , 109 Stat. 577 . A new section 154, containing a similar definition of “motor vehicle”, was enacted by Pub. L. 105–178, title I, § 1405(a) , as added Pub. L. 105–206, title IX, § 9005(a) , July 22, 1998 , 112 Stat. 843 .

81. §153 — Use of safety belts and motorcycle helmets

82. §154 — Open container requirements

83. §156 — Proceeds from the sale or lease of real property

84. §157 — National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 reporting program

85. §158 — National minimum drinking age

86. §158 — Section 104 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), was amended generally by Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, § 1105(a) , July 6, 2012 , 126 Stat. 427 .

87. §159 — Revocation or suspension of drivers’ licenses of individuals convicted of drug offenses

88. §161 — Operation of motor vehicles by intoxicated minors

89. §161 — Section 104, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was amended generally by Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, § 1105(a) , July 6, 2012 , 126 Stat. 427 .

90. §162 — National scenic byways program

91. §163 — Safety incentives to prevent operation of motor vehicles by intoxicated persons

92. §163 — Section 104, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was amended generally by Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, § 1105(a) , July 6, 2012 , 126 Stat. 427 .

93. §164 — Minimum penalties for repeat offenders for driving while intoxicated or driving under the influence

94. §164 — Section 104, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was amended generally by Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, § 1105(a) , July 6, 2012 , 126 Stat. 427 . Other references to section 104 in this section were added concurrent with or subsequent to the general amendment of that section.

95. §165 — Section 215 as in effect on the day before the enactment of this section and section 215 of this title as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this subsection, referred to in subsec. (c)(5)(A), (D), probably mean section 215 of this title as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of Pub. L. 112–141 , which was approved July 6, 2012 , and which amended this section generally and repealed section 215.

96. §165 — Territorial and Puerto Rico highway program

97. §166 — HOV facilities

98. §166 — Section 30D(d)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(5)(A)(ii), is classified to section 30D(d)(1) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

99. §167 — National highway freight program

100. §168 — Integration of planning and environmental review

101. §169 — Development of programmatic mitigation plans

102. §170 — Funding flexibility for transportation emergencies

103. §171 — Wildlife crossings pilot program

104. §172 — Wildlife-vehicle collision reduction and habitat connectivity improvement

105. §173 — Rural surface transportation grant program

106. §174 — State human capital plans

107. §175 — Carbon reduction program

108. §176 — Promoting Resilient Operations for Transformative, Efficient, and Cost-saving Transportation (PROTECT) program

109. §177 — Neighborhood access and equity grant program

110. §178 — Environmental review implementation funds

111. §179 — Low-carbon transportation materials grants

112. §201 — Federal lands and tribal transportation programs

113. §202 — Tribal transportation program

114. §203 — Federal lands transportation program

115. §204 — Federal lands access program

116. §205 — Forest development roads and trails

117. §206 — Recreational trails program

118. §207 — Tribal transportation self-governance program

119. §208 — Safe routes to school

120. §210 — Defense access roads

121. §217 — Bicycle transportation and pedestrian walkways

122. §218 — Alaska Highway

123. §301 — Freedom from tolls

124. §302 — State transportation department

125. §304 — Participation by small business enterprises

126. §305 — Archeological and paleontological salvage

127. §306 — Mapping

128. §308 — Cooperation with Federal and State agencies and foreign countries

129. §308 — Section 214 of the Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is classified to section 4634 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

130. §310 — Civil defense

131. §311 — Highway improvements strategically important to the national defense

132. §312 — Detail of Army, Navy, and Air Force officers

133. §313 — Buy America

134. §314 — Relief of employees in hazardous work

135. §315 — Rules, regulations, and recommendations

136. §316 — Consent by United States to conveyance of property

137. §317 — Appropriation for highway purposes of lands or interests in lands owned by the United States

138. §318 — Highway relocation due to airport

139. §319 — Landscaping and scenic enhancement

140. §320 — Bridges on Federal dams

141. §321 — Signs identifying funding sources

142. §322 — Magnetic levitation transportation technology deployment program

143. §322 — Section 1036 of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, referred to in subsec. (a)(4), is section 1036 of Pub. L. 102–240 , title I, Dec. 18, 1991 , 105 Stat. 1978 , which enacted section 309 of Title 49 , Transportation, amended section 831 of Title 45 , Railroads, and section 302 of Title 49 , and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 831 of Title 45 and section 309 of Title 49 .

144. §322 — Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178 , as in effect on day before July 22, 1998 , that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206 , set out as a note under section 101 of this title .

145. §323 — Donations and credits

146. §324 — Prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sex

147. §326 — State assumption of responsibility for categorical exclusions

148. §327 — Surface transportation project delivery program

149. §328 — Eligibility for environmental restoration and pollution abatement

150. §329 — Eligibility for control of noxious weeds and aquatic noxious weeds and establishment of native species

151. §330 — Program for eliminating duplication of environmental reviews

152. §331 — Evaluation of projects within an operational right-of-way

153. §332 — Pollinator-friendly practices on roadsides and highway rights-of-way

154. §401 — Authority of the Secretary

155. §402 — Highway safety programs

156. §403 — Highway safety research and development

157. §404 — High-visibility enforcement program

158. §405 — National priority safety programs

159. §406 — General requirements for Federal assistance

160. §407 — Discovery and admission as evidence of certain reports and surveys

161. §408 — Agency accountability

162. §501 — Definitions

163. §502 — Section 51001 of the Transportation Research and Innovative Technology Act of 2012, referred to in subsec. (b)(7)(A), is section 51001 of title I of div. E of Pub. L. 112–141 , which is not classified to the Code.

164. §502 — Surface transportation research, development, and technology

165. §503 — Research and technology development and deployment

166. §504 — Section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (d)(4)(B), (C), is classified to section 7801 of Title 20 , Education.

167. §504 — Training and education

168. §505 — State planning and research

169. §510 — Future strategic highway research program

170. §511 — Multistate corridor operations and management

171. §512 — National ITS program plan

172. §513 — Use of funds for ITS activities

173. §514 — Goals and purposes

174. §515 — General authorities and requirements

175. §516 — Research and development

176. §517 — National architecture and standards

177. §517 — Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 12(d) of Pub. L. 104–113 , Mar. 7, 1996 , 110 Stat. 783 , which is set out as a note under section 272 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

178. §517 — Section 508, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 114–94, div. A, title VI, § 6019(d)(1)(A) , Dec. 4, 2015 , 129 Stat. 1581 , effective Oct. 1, 2015 .

179. §518 — Vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications systems deployment

180. §519 — Infrastructure development

181. §520 — Transportation Resilience and Adaptation Centers of Excellence

182. §601 — Generally applicable provisions

183. §602 — Determination of eligibility and project selection

184. §603 — Secured loans

185. §604 — Lines of credit

186. §605 — Program administration

187. §606 — State and local permits

188. §607 — Regulations

189. §608 — Funding

190. §608 — Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178 , as in effect on day before July 22, 1998 , that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206 , set out as a note under section 101 of this title .

191. §609 — Reports to Congress

192. §610 — State infrastructure bank program

193. §611 — Asset concessions and innovative finance assistance

Title 24

1. §6 — Pension paid to fund for benefit of naval hospital

2. § 6a. Disposition of amounts deducted from pensions

3. §13 — Admission of cases for study

4. §14 — Establishment of Navy hospitals

5. § 14a. Annual appropriations for maintenance, operation, and improvement of naval hospitals

6. §15 — Superintendence of Navy hospitals

7. §16 — Allowance of rations to Navy hospitals

8. § 16a. Additional personnel for patients of Department of Veterans Affairs in naval hospitals

9. §17 — Government of Naval Asylum

10. §18 — Rules and regulations for Army and Navy Hospital

11. §19 — Tubercular hospital at Fort Bayard

12. §20 — Discipline of patients at Army and Navy Hospital

13. §30 — Payments to donors of blood for persons undergoing treatment at Government expense

14. §34 — Hospitalization of persons outside continental limits of United States; persons entitled; availability of other facilities; rate of charges; disposition of payments

15. §34 — Section 32 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by act June 7, 1956, ch. 374, § 306(2) , 70 Stat. 254 . See section 1071 et seq. of Title 10, Armed Forces.

16. §35 — Limitation of medical, surgical or hospital services

17. §37 — Manufacture of products by patients at naval hospitals; ownership of products

18. §151 — Battle Mountain Sanitarium Reserve; establishment; rights to lands, not affected

19. §152 — Name; control, rules and regulations

20. §153 — Perfecting bona fide claims to lands; exchange of private lands

21. §154 — Unlawful intrusion, or violation of rules and regulations

22. § 168b. Computation of maximum amount available from Federal sources

23. Section 253 of this title , referred to in text, does not exist.

24. § 170a. Maximum amount available from Federal sources

25. Section 9(c) of Public Law 98–621 , referred to in text, is section 9(c) of Pub. L. 98–621 , Nov. 8, 1984 , 98 Stat. 3378 , par. (1) of which is classified to section 225g(c) of this title .

26. §225 — Findings and purposes

27. § 225a. Definitions

28. § 225b. Development of plan for mental health system for the District

29. Section 422 of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is section 422 of Pub. L. 93–198 , title IV, Dec. 24, 1973 , 87 Stat. 790 , which is not classified to the Code.

30. § 225c. Congressional review of system implementation plan

31. § 225d. Transition provisions for employees of Hospital

32. § 225e. Conditions of employment for former employees of Hospital

33. § 225f. Property transfer

34. § 225g. Financing provisions

35. § 225h. Buy American provisions

36. Title III of the Act entitled “An Act making appropriations for the Treasury and Post Office Departments for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934 , and for other purposes”, approved March 3, 1933 , referred to in subsec. (d), is title III of act Mar. 3, 1933, ch. 212 , 47 Stat. 1520 , known as the Buy American Act, which was classified generally to sections 10a, 10b, and 10c of former Title 41, Public Contracts, and was substantially repealed and restated in chapter 83 (§ 8301 et seq.) of Title 41, Public Contracts, by Pub. L. 111–350 , §§ 3, 7(b), Jan. 4, 2011 , 124 Stat. 3677 , 3855. For complete classification of title III to the Code, see Short Title of 1933 Act note set out under section 101 of Title 41 and Tables. For disposition of sections of former Title 41, see Disposition Table preceding section 101 of Title 41 .

37. § 295a. Arlington Memorial Amphitheater

38. §301 — Ancon Hospital to be known as Gorgas Hospital

39. §302 — Change of name as affecting various rights; rec­ords, maps, and public documents

40. §321 — Definitions

41. §322 — Reception of eligible persons at ports of entry or debarkation

42. §323 — Transfer and release to State of residence or legal domicile, or to relative

43. §324 — Care and treatment of eligible persons until transfer and release

44. §325 — Examination of persons admitted

45. §326 — Release of patient

46. §327 — Notification to committing court of discharge or conditional release

47. §328 — Payment for care and treatment

48. §329 — Availability of appropriations for transportation

49. §401 — Definitions

50. §411 — Establishment of the Armed Forces Retirement Home

51. §412 — Residents of Retirement Home

52. §413 — Services provided to residents

53. § 413a. Oversight of health care provided to residents

54. §414 — Fees paid by residents

55. §415 — Chief Operating Officer

56. §416 — Advisory Council

57. § 416a. Resident Advisory Committees

58. §417 — Administrators, Ombudsmen, and staff of facilities

59. §418 — Periodic inspection of retirement home facilities

60. §419 — Armed Forces Retirement Home Trust Fund

61. §420 — Disposition of effects of deceased persons; unclaimed property

62. §421 — Payment of residents for services

63. §421 — Section 5532 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title VI, § 651(a)(1) , Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 664 .

64. §422 — Authority to accept certain uncompensated services

65. §423 — Preservation of historic buildings and grounds at the Armed Forces Retirement Home—Washington

Title 25

1. §1 — Commissioner of Indian Affairs

2. § 1a. Delegation of powers and duties by Secretary of the Interior and Commissioner of Indian Affairs

3. §2 — Duties of Commissioner The Commissioner of Indian Affairs shall, under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior, and agreeably to such regulations as the President may prescribe, have the management of all Indian affairs and of all matters arising out of Indian relations. (R.S. §463.)

4. § 2a. Assistant or deputy commissioners; appointment; powers and duties

5. §3 — Compilation of statutes regulating duties of Indian agents and inspectors

6. §4 — Defective record of deeds and papers legalized

7. §5 — Record of deeds by Indians requiring approval

8. §6 — Seal; authenticated and certified documents; evidence

9. §7 — Fees for furnishing certified copies of records

10. §8 — Accounts for claims and disbursements

11. §9 — Regulations by President

12. §10 — Employee to sign letters

13. §11 — Employee or employees to sign approval of tribal deeds

14. §12 — Agent to negotiate commutation of annuities

15. §13 — Expenditure of appropriations by Bureau

16. § 13a. Carryover funding

17. Section 5325(a)(3) of this title , referred to in text, was repealed and a new subsec. (a)(3) of section 5325 was added by Pub. L. 103–413, title I, § 102(14)(C) , Oct. 25, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4257 . See section 5325(a)(4) of this title .

18. § 13b. Payment of care, tuition, assistance, and other expenses of Indians in boarding homes, institutions, and schools; payment of rewards

19. § 13c. Source of funds to pay cost of lunches for nonboarding public school students

20. § 13d. Limits on use of appropriated funds by Bureau for general or other welfare assistance

21. § 13e. Expenses of exhibits; advance payments for services; termination of Federal supervision; treaty expenses

22. Section 103(a)(2) of Public Law 104–193 , 110 Stat. 2159 , referred to in subsec. (b), enacted section 419 of act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531 , which is classified to section 619 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, and contains a listing of Alaska Native regional nonprofit corporations.

23. § 13f. Tribal priority allocations in Alaska

24. §14 — Money accruing to Indians from Department of Veterans Affairs or other governmental agencies

25. § 14a. Deposit of grant funds received by Bureau from other Federal agencies

26. § 14b. Disposition of funds received from public for goods and services provided by Bureau of Indian Affairs

27. §15 — Utility facilities used in administration of Bureau; contracts for sale, operation, maintenance, repair or relocation of facilities; terms and conditions; exception; Congressional approval

28. §16 — Transportation of Indians in Bureau vehicles

29. §17 — Use of Bureau facilities

30. §25 — Superintendent for Five Civilized Tribes

31. § 25a. Application of civil service laws

32. §33 — Superintendents in charge of reservations; administration of oath of office

33. §36 — Special agents and other officers to administer oaths

34. §40 — Limits of superintendencies, agencies, and sub­agencies

35. §41 — Special agents and commissioners

36. § 41a. Indian inspectors

37. §43 — Persons paid for other services not paid for interpreting

38. §44 — Employment of Indians

39. §45 — Preference to Indians qualified for duties

40. §46 — Preference to Indians in employment of clerical, mechanical, and other help

41. §47 — Employment of Indian labor and purchase of products of Indian industry; participation in Mentor-Protege Program

42. § 47a. Security required by Secretary; contracts with Indian-owned economic enterprise; public work

43. §48 — Right of tribes to direct employment of persons engaged for them

44. §53 — Disbursing officers; acting clerks

45. §56 — Quarters, fuel, and light for employees

46. §58 — Limitation on number and kind of employment

47. §59 — Transfer of funds for payment of employees; details for other service

48. §60 — Compensation prescribed to be in full

49. §60 — Title 28 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title 28 of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 2039 to 2157. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 2039 to 2157 to the Code, see Tables.

50. §61 — Estimates for personal services in Indian Office

51. §62 — Discontinuance and transfer of agencies

52. §63 — Consolidation of agencies

53. §64 — Services of agents dispensed with

54. §65 — Discontinuance of agents, subagents, and interpreters

55. §66 — Duties of agency devolved on superintendent of Indian school

56. §71 — Future treaties with Indian tribes

57. §81 — Contracts and agreements with Indian tribes

58. § 81a. Counsel for prosecution of claims against the United States; cancellation; revival

59. § 81b. Continuation of contracts with attorneys containing limitation of time where suits have been filed

60. §82 — Payments under contracts; aiding in making prohibited contracts

61. § 82a. Contracts for payment of money permitted certain tribes; payment for legal services

62. §85 — Contracts relating to tribal funds or property

63. §86 — Encumbrances on lands allotted to applicants for enrollment in Five Civilized Tribes; use of interest on tribal funds

64. §88 — False vouchers, accounts, or claims

65. §97 — Proposals or bids for contracts to be preserved

66. §98 — Purchase of supplies without authority

67. §99 — Contracts for supplies in advance of appropriations

68. §101 — Payment for wagon transportation

69. §102 — Payment of costs for furnishing coal for Indian Service

70. §104 — Purchase of articles manufactured at schools

71. §111 — Payment of moneys and distribution of goods

72. §112 — Persons present at delivery of goods and money

73. §113 — Mode of disbursements

74. §114 — Payment of annuities in coin

75. §115 — Payment of annuities in goods

76. §115 — Section 91 of this title , referred to in text, was omitted from the Code.

77. §116 — Indians 18 years of age to have right to receipt for annuity

78. § 117a. Per capita distribution of funds to tribe members

79. § 117b. Distribution of funds

80. § 117c. Standards for approval of tribal payments; United States not liable for distribution of funds; continuing responsibility under other provisions

81. §118 — Payments in satisfaction of judgments

82. §119 — Allotment of tribal funds to individual Indians

83. §120 — Per capita payments to enrolled members of Choctaw and Chickasaw Tribes

84. §121 — Payment of share of tribal funds to helpless Indians

85. §122 — Limitation on application of tribal funds

86. §123 — Expenditure from tribal funds without specific appropriations

87. § 123a. Tribal funds; use to purchase insurance for protection of tribal property

88. § 123b. Tribal funds for traveling and other expenses

89. § 123c. Advancement of tribal funds to Indian tribes; miscellaneous authorized purposes

90. § 123d. Additional appropriations from tribal funds

91. §124 — Expenditures from tribal funds of Five Civilized Tribes without specific appropriations

92. §125 — Expenditure of moneys of tribes of Quapaw Agency

93. §131 — Advances to disbursing officers

94. §132 — Mode of distribution of goods

95. §133 — Rolls of Indians entitled to supplies

96. §134 — Appropriations for supplies available immediately; time for distribution

97. §135 — Supplies distributed so as to prevent deficiencies

98. §136 — Commutation of rations and other supplies; payment per capita

99. §139 — Appropriations for subsistence

100. §140 — Diversion of appropriations for employees and supplies

101. §145 — Accounts between United States and tribes under reimbursable appropriations

102. §146 — Report of Indians present and receiving food

103. §147 — Appropriations for specified buildings; use for transportation of materials

104. §148 — Appropriations for supplies; transfer to Indian Service supply fund; expenditure

105. §149 — Indian Water Rights Settlement Completion Fund

106. §151 — Deposits in bank by disbursing agents

107. §152 — Proceeds of sales of Indian lands

108. §153 — Appropriation to carry out treaties

109. §154 — Proceeds of sales of lands not subject to certain deductions

110. §155 — Disposal of miscellaneous revenues from Indian reservations, etc.

111. §155 — Section 142 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by act May 29, 1928, ch. 901, § 1(87) , 45 Stat. 992 .

112. § 155a. Transferred

113. § 155b. Proceeds of labor accounts; deposits limited to funds held in trust for Indian tribes or individuals

114. §156 — Deposit of funds from sales of lands and property of Five Civilized Tribes

115. §157 — Investments of stock required by treaties

116. §158 — Investment of proceeds of lands

117. §159 — Moneys due incompetents or orphans

118. §160 — Custody of stocks or bonds held in trust for tribes

119. §161 — Deposit in Treasury of trust funds

120. §161 — Section 2 of act June 26, 1934, ch. 756 , 48 Stat. 1225 , which was classified to section 725a of former Title 31, Money and Finance, repealed the permanent appropriation provided for in the last clause of this section under the title “Interest on Indian trust funds” effective July 1, 1935 , and provided that such portions of any Acts as make permanent appropriations to be expended under such account are amended so as to authorize, in lieu thereof, annual appropriations from the general fund of the Treasury in identical terms and in such amounts as now provided by the laws providing such permanent appropriations.

121. § 161a. Tribal funds in trust in Treasury Department; investment by Secretary of the Treasury; maturities; interest; funds held in trust for individual Indians

122. § 161b. “Indian Money, Proceeds of Labor” fund; separate accounts for respective tribes; rate of interest

123. § 161c. Surplus above requirements of fund; transfer to surplus fund of Treasury; retransfer

124. § 161d. Disposition of accrued interest

125. § 162a. Deposit of tribal funds in banks; bond or collateral security; investments; collections from irrigation projects; affirmative action required

126. Section 12B of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsec. (a), formerly classified to section 264 of Title 12 , Banks and Banking, has been withdrawn from the Federal Reserve Act and incorporated in the Federal Deposit Insurance Act which is classified to chapter 16 (§ 1811 et seq.) of Title 12.

127. Section 955 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(3), which related to tax exemptions for equalization allotments and cash payments received in lieu thereof by members of the Agua Caliente Band, was omitted from the Code as being of special and not general application.

128. §163 — Roll of membership of Indian tribes

129. §163 — Section 162 of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by act June 24, 1938, ch. 648, § 2 , 52 Stat. 1037 . See section 162a of this title .

130. §164 — Restoration to tribal ownership of unclaimed per capita and other individual payments of tribal trust funds; deposit in general fund of the Treasury

131. §165 — Notice to Congressional committees

132. §166 — Applicability of chapter 10 of title 5

133. §167 — Trust status of lease payments

134. §174 — Superintendence by President over tribes west of Mississippi

135. §175 — United States attorneys to represent Indians

136. §176 — Survey of reservations

137. §177 — Purchases or grants of lands from Indians No purchase, grant, lease, or other conveyance of lands, or of any title or claim thereto, from any Indian nation or tribe of Indians, shall be of any validity in law or equity, unless the same be made by treaty or convention entered into pursuant to the Constitution. Every person who, not being employed under the authority of the United States, attempts to negotiate such treaty or convention, directly or indirectly, or to treat with any such nation or tribe of Indians for the title or purchase of any lands by them held or claimed, is liable to a penalty of $1,000. The agent of any State who may be present at any treaty held with Indians under the authority of the United States, in the presence and with the approbation of the commissioner of the United States appointed to hold the same, may, however, propose to, and adjust with, the Indians the compensation to be made for their claim to lands within such State, which shall be extinguished by treaty. (R.S. §2116.)

138. §178 — Fees on behalf of Indian parties in contests under public land laws

139. §179 — Driving stock to feed on lands

140. §180 — Settling on or surveying lands belonging to Indians by treaty

141. §181 — Rights of white men marrying Indian women; tribal property

142. §182 — Rights of Indian women marrying white men; tribal property

143. §183 — Marriage of white men to Indian women; evidence

144. §184 — Rights of children born of marriages between white men and Indian women

145. §185 — Protection of Indians desiring civilized life

146. §190 — Sale of plants or tracts not needed for administrative or allotment purposes

147. §192 — Sale by agents of cattle or horses not required

148. §193 — Proceedings against goods seized for certain violations

149. §193 — Title 28 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original “this Title”, meaning title 28 of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 2039 to 2157. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 2039 to 2157 to the Code, see Tables.

150. §194 — Trial of right of property; burden of proof

151. §196 — Sale or other disposition of dead timber

152. §197 — Disposition of dead timber on reservations in Minnesota

153. §198 — Contagious and infectious diseases; quarantine

154. §199 — Access to records of Five Civilized Tribes

155. § 199a. Custody of records; Oklahoma Historical Society

156. §200 — Report of offense or case of Indian incarcerated in agency jail

157. §201 — Penalties; how recovered

158. §201 — Title 28 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was in the original “this Title”, meaning title 28 of the Revised Statutes, consisting of R.S. §§ 2039 to 2157. For complete classification of R.S. §§ 2039 to 2157 to the Code, see Tables.

159. §202 — Inducing conveyances by Indians of trust interests in lands

160. §211 — Creation of Indian reservations

161. §229 — Injuries to property by Indians

162. §230 — Depositions by agents touching depredations

163. §231 — Enforcement of State laws affecting health and education; entry of State employees on Indian lands

164. §232 — Jurisdiction of New York State over offenses committed on reservations within State

165. §233 — Jurisdiction of New York State courts in civil actions

166. §253 — Wines for sacramental purposes

167. §261 — Power to appoint traders with Indians

168. §262 — Persons permitted to trade with Indians

169. §263 — Prohibition of trade by President

170. §264 — Trading without license; white persons as clerks

171. §271 — Employment of instructors for Indians

172. §272 — Superintendent of Indian schools

173. § 272a. Other duties

174. §274 — Employment of Indian girls and boys as assist­ants

175. §275 — Leaves of absence to employees

176. §276 — Vacant military posts or barracks for schools; detail of Army officers

177. §277 — Former Apache military post established as Theodore Roosevelt Indian School

178. § 278a. Use of appropriated funds for education in sectarian schools prohibited; exceptions

179. §279 — Rations to mission schools

180. §280 — Patents of lands to missionary boards of religious organizations

181. § 280a. Land in Alaska for schools or missions; general land laws

182. §281 — Children taking lands in severalty not excluded

183. §282 — Regulations by Secretary of the Interior to secure attendance at school

184. §286 — Sending child to school out of State without consent

185. §287 — Taking child to school in another State without written consent

186. §290 — Transportation of pupils under 14 at Government expense

187. § 290a. Bureau appropriations as not limiting transportation of school children

188. §291 — Removal of Government property at schools

189. §292 — Suspension or discontinuance of schools

190. § 292a. Discontinuance of boarding and day schools having small attendance

191. § 292b. Establishment of single system of education in Alaska; transfer of Indian schools to State of Alaska

192. § 292c. Unavailability of appropriated funds for boarding schools

193. §293 — Sale of lands purchased for day school or other Indian administrative uses

194. § 293a. Conveyance of school properties to local school districts or public agencies

195. § 293b. Conveyance of abandoned school properties in Alaska to local town or city officials or school authorities; reservation of rights and claims by United States and use conditions; violations and forfeiture of grant; determinations; reversion to United States

196. §294 — Sale of certain abandoned buildings on lands belonging to Indian tribes

197. §295 — Supervision of expenditure of appropriations for school purposes

198. §304 — South Dakota Indians; State course of study

199. § 304a. Study and investigation of Indian education in United States and Alaska; contracts; report to Congress; appropriations

200. § 304b. Deposits of funds of students and student activity associations in Indian schools

201. §305 — Indian Arts and Crafts Board; creation and composition; per diem payments

202. § 305a. Promotion of economic welfare through development of arts and crafts; powers of Board

203. § 305b. Rules and regulations; submission to Secretary of the Interior

204. § 305c. Appropriation

205. § 305d. Criminal proceedings; civil actions

206. § 305e. Cause of action for misrepresentation of Indian produced goods

207. § 305f. Indian Arts and Crafts Board art collection

208. §306 — Expenditures for encouragement of industry and self-support; repayment

209. § 306a. Advances for support of old, disabled, or indigent allottees; lien against land

210. §309 — Vocational training program; eligibility; contracts or agreements

211. § 309a. Authorization of appropriations

212. § 309b. Vocational education funds

213. §310 — Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture and Arts Development

214. §311 — Opening highways

215. §312 — Rights-of-way for railway, telegraph, and telephone lines; town-site stations

216. §313 — Width of rights-of-way

217. §314 — Survey; maps; compensation

218. §315 — Time for completion of road; forfeiture

219. §316 — Rights of several roads through canyons

220. §316 — Section 935 of title 43 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 94–579, title VII, § 706(a) , Oct. 21, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2793 , effective on and after Oct. 21, 1976 , insofar as applicable to the issuance of rights-of-way over, under, and through the public lands and lands in the National Forest System.

221. §317 — Regulations

222. §318 — Amendment or repeal of sections

223. § 318a. Roads on Indian reservations; appropriation

224. §319 — Rights-of-way for telephone and telegraph lines

225. §320 — Acquisition of lands for reservoirs or materials

226. §321 — Rights-of-way for pipe lines

227. §322 — Applicability of certain provisions to Pueblo Indians

228. § 322a. Renewal of rights-of-way without consent of Pueblo Tribes; authority of Secretary; compensation, etc.

229. §323 — Rights-of-way for all purposes across any Indian lands

230. §324 — Consent of certain tribes; consent of individual Indians

231. §325 — Payment and disposition of compensation

232. §326 — Laws unaffected

233. §327 — Application for grant by department or agency

234. §328 — Rules and regulations

235. §334 — Allotments to Indians not residing on reservations

236. §335 — Extension of provisions as to allotments

237. §336 — Allotments to Indians making settlement

238. §337 — Allotments in national forests

239. §339 — Tribes excepted from certain provisions

240. §340 — Extension of certain provisions

241. §341 — Power to grant rights-of-way not affected

242. §342 — Removal of Southern Utes to new reservation

243. §343 — Correction of errors in allotments and patents

244. §344 — Cancellation of allotment of unsuitable land

245. §345 — Actions for allotments

246. §346 — Proceedings in actions for allotments

247. §347 — Limitations of actions for lands patented in severalty under treaties

248. §348 — Patents to be held in trust; descent and partition

249. §348 — Section 8(b) of the American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004, referred to in text, is section 8(b) of Pub. L. 108–374 , which is set out as a note under section 2201 of this title .

250. § 348a. Extension of trust period for Indians of Klamath River Reservation

251. §349 — Patents in fee to allottees

252. §350 — Surrender of patent, and selection of other land

253. §351 — Patents with restrictions for lots in villages in Washington

254. §352 — Cancellation of trust patents within power or reservoir sites

255. § 352a. Cancellation of patents in fee simple for allotments held in trust

256. § 352b. Partial cancellation; issuance of new trust patents

257. § 352c. Reimbursement of allottees or heirs for taxes paid on lands patented in fee before end of trust

258. §353 — Sections inapplicable to certain tribes

259. §354 — Lands not liable for debts prior to final patent

260. §355 — Laws applicable to lands of full-blooded members of Five Civilized Tribes

261. §356 — Allowance of undisputed claims of restricted allottees of Five Civilized Tribes

262. §357 — Condemnation of lands under laws of States

263. §358 — Repeal of statutory provisions relating to survey, classification, and allotments which provide for repayment out of Indian moneys

264. §371 — Descent of land

265. §372 — Ascertainment of heirs of deceased allottees; settlement of estates; sale of lands; deposit of Indian moneys

266. § 372a. Heirs by adoption

267. §373 — Disposal by will of allotments held under trust

268. § 373a. Disposition of trust or restricted estate of intestate without heirs; successor tribe; sale of land

269. § 373b. Restricted estate or homestead on the public domain

270. § 373c. Sections 373a and 373b as inapplicable to certain Indians

271. §374 — Attendance of witnesses

272. §375 — Determination of heirship of deceased members of Five Civilized Tribes

273. § 375a. Jurisdiction of Secretary of the Interior over probate and distribution of estates not exceeding $2,500

274. § 375c. Disbursement of sums not exceeding $500 to heirs or legatees

275. § 375d. Disposition of estates of intestate members of Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Seminole Nations of Oklahoma dying without heirs

276. §376 — Oaths in investigations

277. §378 — Partition of allotment among heirs; patents

278. §379 — Sale of allotted lands by heirs

279. §380 — Lease of inherited allotments by superintendent

280. §381 — Irrigation lands; regulation of use of water

281. §382 — Irrigation projects under Reclamation Act

282. §384 — Employment of superintendents of irrigation

283. §385 — Maintenance charges; reimbursement of construction costs; apportionment of cost

284. § 385a. Irrigation projects; deposit of assessments as trust fund; disposition of fund

285. § 385b. Amounts creditable to fund

286. Section 4 of the Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act, 1934, referred to in text, is section 4 of act June 26, 1934, ch. 756 , 48 Stat. 1227 , which was classified to section 725c of former Title 31, and was omitted from the Code in the general revision and enactment of Title 31, Money and Finance, by Pub. L. 97–258 , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 877 .

287. § 385c. Appropriation and disposition of power revenues

288. Section 4 of the Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act, 1934, referred to in text, is section 4 of act June 26, 1934, ch. 756 , 48 Stat. 1227 , which was classified to section 725c of former Title 31, and was omitted from the Code in the general revision and enactment of Title 31, Money and Finance, by Pub. L. 97–258 , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 877 .

289. §386 — Reimbursement of construction charges

290. § 386a. Adjustment of reimbursable debts; construction charges

291. §388 — Claims for damages; settlement by agreement

292. §389 — Investigation and adjustment of irrigation charges on lands within projects on Indian reservations

293. § 389a. Declaring lands to be temporarily nonirrigable

294. § 389b. Elimination to permanently nonirrigable lands

295. § 389c. Cancellation of charges in absence of lien or contract for payment

296. § 389d. Rules and regulations

297. § 389e. Actions taken to be included in report to Congress

298. §390 — Concessions on reservoir sites and other lands in Indian irrigation projects; leases for agricultural, grazing, and other purposes

299. §391 — Continuance of restrictions on alienation in patent

300. § 391a. Sale for town site; removal of restriction

301. §392 — Consent to or approval of alienation of allotments by Secretary of the Interior

302. §393 — Leases of restricted allotments

303. § 393a. Lands of Five Civilized Tribes

304. §394 — Leases of arid allotted lands

305. §395 — Leases of allotted lands where allottee is in­capacitated

306. §396 — Leases of allotted lands for mining purposes All lands allotted to Indians in severalty, except allotments made to members of the Five Civilized Tribes and Osage Indians in Oklahoma, may by said allottee be leased for mining purposes for any term of years as may be deemed advisable by the Secretary of the Interior; and the Secretary of the Interior is authorized to perform any and all acts and make such rules and regulations as may be necessary for the purpose of carrying the provisions of this section into full force and effect: Provided, That if the said allottee is deceased and the heirs to or devisees of any interest in the allotment have not been determined, or, if determined, some or all of them cannot be located, the Secretary of the Interior may offer for sale leases for mining purposes to the highest responsible qualified bidder, at public auction, or on sealed bids, after notice and advertisement, upon such terms and conditions as the Secretary of the Interior may prescribe. The Secretary of the Interior shall have the right to reject all bids whenever in his judgment the interests of the Indians will be served by so doing, and to readvertise such lease for sale. (Mar. 3, 1909, ch. 263, 35 Stat. 783 ; Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 615, §3, 69 Stat. 540 .)

307. § 396a. Leases of unallotted lands for mining purposes; duration of leases

308. § 396b. Public auction of oil and gas leases; requirements

309. § 396c. Lessees of restricted lands to furnish bonds for performance

310. § 396d. Rules and regulations governing operations; limitations on oil or gas leases

311. § 396e. Officials authorized to approve leases

312. § 396f. Lands excepted from leasing provisions

313. Section 1 of act May 27, 1955 , authorized the leasing of minerals for mining purposes. See note under section 5103 of this title .

314. § 396g. Subsurface storage of oil or gas

315. §397 — Leases of lands for grazing or mining

316. §398 — Leases of unallotted lands for oil and gas mining purposes

317. § 398a. Leases of unallotted lands for oil and gas mining purposes within Executive order Indian reservations

318. § 398b. Proceeds from rentals, royalties, and bonuses; disposition

319. § 398c. Taxes

320. § 398d. Changes in boundaries of Executive order reservations

321. § 398e. Applications for permits to prospect for oil and gas filed under other statutes; disposition

322. §399 — Leases of unallotted mineral lands withdrawn from entry under mining laws [Authority of Secretary of the Interior to lease.] The Secretary of the Interior is authorized and empowered, under general regulations to be fixed by him and under such terms and conditions as he may prescribe, not inconsistent with the terms of this section, to lease to citizens of the United States, or to any association of such persons, or to any corporation organized under the laws of the United States or of any State or Territory thereof, any part of the unallotted lands within any Indian reservation within the States of Arizona, California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Washington, or Wyoming withdrawn prior to June 30, 1919, from entry under the mining laws for the purpose of mining for deposits of gold, silver, copper, and other valuable metalliferous minerals, and nonmetalliferous minerals, not including oil and gas, which leases shall be irrevocable, except as herein provided, but which may be declared null and void upon breach of any of their terms. [Location of mining claims.] Unallotted lands, or such portion thereof as the Secretary of the Interior shall determine, within Indian reservations withheld prior to June 30, 1919, from disposition under the mining laws may be declared by the Secretary of the Interior to be subject to exploration for the discovery of deposits of gold, silver, copper, and other valuable metalliferous minerals and nonmetalliferous minerals, not including oil and gas, by citizens of the United States, and after such declaration mining claims may be located by such citizens in the same manner as mining claims are located under the mining laws of the United States. [Preference right of locators of claims to lease of lands.] The locators of all such mining claims, or their heirs, successors, or assigns, shall have a preference right to apply to the Secretary of the Interior for a lease, under the terms and conditions of this section, within one year after the date of the location of any mining claim, and any such locator who shall fail to apply for a lease within one year from the date of location shall forfeit all rights to such mining claim. [Filing copies of location notices.] Duplicate copies of the location notice shall be filed within sixty days with the superintendent in charge of the reservation on which the mining claim is located, and application for a lease under this section may be filed with such superintendent for transmission, through official channels, to the Secretary of the Interior. [Lands excepted from entry as mining claims.] Lands containing springs, water holes, or other bodies of water needed or used by the Indians for watering livestock, irrigation, or water-power purposes shall not be designated by the Secretary of the Interior as subject to entry under this section. [Term of lease; renewal.] Leases under this section shall be for a period of twenty years, with the preferential right in the lessee to renew the same for successive periods of ten years, upon such reasonable terms and conditions as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Interior, unless otherwise provided by law at the time of the expiration of such periods. [Relinquishment of rights by lessee.] The lessee may, in the discretion of the Secretary of the Interior, be permitted at any time to make written relinquishment of all rights under such a lease and upon acceptance thereof be thereby relieved of all future obligations under said lease. [Lease of additional land for camp sites and other purposes.] In addition to areas of mineral land to be included in leases under this section the Secretary of the Interior, in his discretion, may grant to the lessee the right to use, during the life of the lease, subject to the payment of an annual rental of not less than $1 per acre, a tract of unoccupied land, not exceeding forty acres in area, for camp sites, milling, smelting, and refining works, and for other purposes connected with and necessary to the proper development and use of the deposits covered by the lease. [Reservation of surface of leased land to United States; easements.] The Secretary of the Interior, in his discretion, in making any lease under this section, may reserve to the United States the right to lease for a term not exceeding that of the mineral lease, the surface of the lands embraced within such lease under existing law or laws hereafter enacted, insofar as said surface is not necessary for use of the lessee in extracting and removing the deposits therein: Provided, That the said Secretary, during the life of the lease, is hereby authorized to issue such permits for easements herein provided to be reserved. [Rights and duties of successors to lessees.] Any successor in interest or assignee of any lease granted under this section, whether by voluntary transfer, judicial sale, foreclosure sale, or otherwise, shall be subject to all the conditions of the lease under which such rights are held and also subject to all the provisions and conditions of this section to the same extent as though such successor or assign were the original lessee hereunder. [Forfeiture of leases; notice.] Any lease granted under this section may be forfeited and canceled by appropriate proceedings in the United States district court for the district in which said property or some part thereof is situated whenever the lessee, after reasonable notice in writing, as prescribed in the lease, shall fail to comply with the terms of this section or with such conditions not inconsistent herewith as may be specifically recited in the lease. [Royalties payable by lessees.] For the privilege of mining or extracting the mineral deposits in the ground covered by the lease the lessee shall pay to the United States, for the benefit of the Indians, a royalty which shall not be less than 5 per centum of the net value of the output of the minerals at the mine, due and payable at the end of each month succeeding that of the extraction of the minerals from the mine, and an annual rental, payable at the date of such lease and annually thereafter on the area covered by such lease, at the rate of not less than 25 cents per acre for the first calendar year thereafter; not less than 50 cents per acre for the second, third, fourth, and fifth years, respectively; and not less than $1 per acre for each and every year thereafter during the continuance of the lease, except that such rental for any year shall be credited against the royalties as they accrue for that year. [Development work by locators or lessees; damage to land.] In addition to the payment of the royalties and rentals as herein provided the lessee shall expend annually not less than $100 in development work for each mining claim located or leased in the same manner as an annual expenditure for labor or improvements is required to be made under the mining laws of the United States: Provided, That the lessee shall also agree to pay all damages occasioned by reason of his mining operations to the land or allotment of any Indian or to the crops or improvements thereon. [Cutting timber by lessees.] No timber shall be cut upon the reservation by the lessee except for mining purposes and then only after first obtaining a permit from the superintendent of the reservation and upon payment of the fair value thereof. [Examination of books and accounts of lessees.] The Secretary of the Interior is authorized to examine the books and accounts of lessees, and to require them to submit statements, representations, or reports, including information as to cost of mining, all of which statements, representations, or reports so required shall be upon oath, unless otherwise specified, and in such form and upon such blanks as the Secretary of the Interior may require; and any person making any false statement, representation, or report under oath or in any declaration, certificate, verification, or statement under penalty of perjury as permitted under section 1746 of title 28 shall be subject to punishment as for perjury. [Disposition of rentals and royalties.] All moneys received from royalties and rentals under the provisions of this section shall be deposited in the Treasury of the United States to the credit of the Indians belonging and having tribal rights on the reservation where the leased land is located, which moneys shall be at all times subject to appropriation by Congress for their benefit, unless otherwise provided by treaty or agreement ratified by Congress: Provided, That such moneys shall be subject to the laws authorizing the pro rata distribution of Indian tribal funds. [Protection of interests of Indians.] The Secretary of the Interior is authorized to perform any and all acts and to make such rules and regulations not inconsistent with this section as may be necessary and proper for the protection of the interests of the Indians and for the purpose of carrying the provisions of this section into full force and effect: Provided, That nothing in this section shall be construed or held to affect the right of the States or other local authority to exercise any rights which they may have to levy and collect taxes upon improvements, output of mines, or other rights, property, or assets of any lessee. [Mining locations by and leases to Indians declared competent.] Mining locations, under the terms of this section, may be made on unallotted lands within Indian reservations by Indians who have heretofore or may hereafter be declared by the Secretary of the Interior to be competent to manage their own affairs; and the said Secretary is authorized and empowered to lease such lands to such Indians in accordance with the provisions of this section. [Mining locations by and leases to other Indians.] The Secretary of the Interior is authorized to permit other Indians to make locations and obtain leases under the provisions of this section, under such rules and regulations as he may prescribe in regard to the working, developing, disposition, and selling of the products, and the disposition of the proceeds thereof of any such mine by such Indians. ["Metalliferous" defined.] Wherever the term "metalliferous" is used in this section it shall be defined and construed by the Secretary of the Interior to include magnesite, gypsum, limestone, and asbestos. (June 30, 1919, ch. 4, §26, 41 Stat. 31 ; Mar. 3, 1921, ch. 119, 41 Stat. 1231 ; Dec. 16, 1926, ch. 12, 44 Stat. 922 ; Pub. L. 94–550, §10, Oct. 18, 1976, 90 Stat. 2536 .)

323. §400 — Leases for mining purposes of reserved and unallotted lands in Fort Peck and Blackfeet Indian Reservations

324. § 400a. Lease for mining purposes of land reserved for agency or school; disposition of proceeds; royalty

325. §401 — Leases for mining purposes of unallotted lands in Kaw Reservation

326. §402 — Leases of surplus lands

327. § 402a. Lease of unallotted irrigable lands for farming purposes

328. §403 — Leases of lands held in trust

329. § 403a. Lease of lands on Port Madison and Snohomish or Tulalip Indian Reservations in Washington

330. § 403b. Lease of restricted lands in State of Washington

331. § 403c. Identity of lessor; period of lease

332. §404 — Sale on petition of allottee or heirs

333. §405 — Sale of allotment of noncompetent Indian

334. §406 — Sale of timber on lands held under trust

335. §407 — Sale of timber on unallotted lands

336. § 407d. Charges for special services to purchasers of timber

337. §408 — Surrender of allotments by relinquishment for benefit of children

338. §409 — Sale of lands within reclamation projects

339. § 409a. Sale of restricted lands; reinvestment in other restricted lands

340. §410 — Moneys from lease or sale of trust lands not liable for certain debts

341. §411 — Interest on moneys from proceeds of sale

342. §412 — Payment of taxes from share of allottee in tribal funds

343. § 412a. Exemption from taxation of lands subject to restrictions against alienation; determination of homestead

344. §413 — Fees to cover cost of work performed for Indians

345. §414 — Reservation of minerals in sale of Choctaw-Chickasaw lands

346. §415 — Leases of restricted lands

347. § 415a. Lease of lands of deceased Indians for benefit of heirs or devisees

348. § 415b. Advance payment of rent or other consideration

349. § 415c. Approval of leases

350. § 415d. Lease of restricted lands under other laws unaffected

351. §416 — Leases of trust or restricted lands on San Xavier and Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Reservations for public, religious, educational, recreational, residential, business, farming or grazing purposes

352. § 416a. Lease provisions

353. § 416b. Development pursuant to lease

354. § 416c. Lease of lands of deceased Indians for benefit of heirs or devisees

355. § 416d. Advance payment of rent or other consideration

356. § 416e. Approval of leases

357. § 416f. Dedication of land for public purposes

358. § 416g. Contract for water, sewerage, law enforcement, or other public services

359. § 416h. Zoning, building, and sanitary regulations

360. § 416i. Restrictions

361. § 416j. Mission San Xavier del Bac

362. §421 — Section 421, act May 17, 1900, ch. 479, § 1 , 31 Stat. 179 , which provided for free homesteads to settlers, commutation rights, and payments to Indians, was transferred to section 179 of Title 43 , Public Lands.

363. §421 — Transferred

364. §422 — Section 422, act Jan. 26, 1901, ch. 180 , 31 Stat. 740 , which related to right of settlers to commute entry, was transferred to section 180 of Title 43 , Public Lands.

365. §422 — Transferred

366. §423 — Section 423, act May 22, 1902, ch. 821, § 2 , 32 Stat. 203 , which related to second homestead entry by certain settlers, was transferred to section 187b of Title 43 , Public Lands.

367. §423 — Transferred

368. §424 — Negotiations for cession of lands

369. §425 — Classification and appraisement of unallotted and unreserved lands

370. §426 — Agreements with Indians not affected

371. §427 — Transferred

372. §442 — Section 442 was editorially reclassified as section 1545 of this title .

373. §442 — Transferred

374. §443 — Section 443 was editorially reclassified as section 1546 of this title .

375. §443 — Transferred

376. Section 443a was editorially reclassified as a note under section 1457 of Title 43 , Public Lands.

377. § 443a. Transferred

378. Section 443b was editorially reclassified as a note under section 1457 of Title 43 , Public Lands.

379. § 443b. Transferred

380. Section 443c was editorially reclassified as section 1684 of this title .

381. § 443c. Transferred

382. Section 443d was editorially reclassified as section 1685 of this title .

383. § 443d. Transferred

384. §450 — Section 450 was editorially reclassified as section 5301 of this title .

385. §450 — Transferred

386. Section 450a was editorially reclassified as section 5302 of this title .

387. § 450a. Transferred

388. Section 450b was editorially reclassified as section 5304 of this title .

389. § 450b. Transferred

390. Section 450c was editorially reclassified as section 5305 of this title .

391. § 450c. Transferred

392. Section 450d was editorially reclassified as section 5306 of this title .

393. § 450d. Transferred

394. Section 450e was editorially reclassified as section 5307 of this title .

395. § 450e. Transferred

396. Section 450f was editorially reclassified as section 5321 of this title .

397. § 450f. Transferred

398. Section 450h was editorially reclassified as section 5322 of this title .

399. § 450h. Transferred

400. Section 450i was editorially reclassified as section 5323 of this title .

401. § 450i. Transferred

402. Section 450j was editorially reclassified as section 5324 of this title .

403. § 450j. Transferred

404. Section 450k was editorially reclassified as section 5328 of this title .

405. § 450k. Transferred

406. Section 450 l was editorially reclassified as section 5329 of this title .

407. § 450l. Transferred

408. Section 450m was editorially reclassified as section 5330 of this title .

409. § 450m. Transferred

410. Section 450n was editorially reclassified as section 5332 of this title .

411. § 450n. Transferred

412. §451 — Section 451 was editorially reclassified as section 5341 of this title .

413. §451 — Transferred

414. §452 — Section 452 was editorially reclassified as section 5342 of this title .

415. §452 — Transferred

416. §453 — Section 453 was editorially reclassified as section 5343 of this title .

417. §453 — Transferred

418. §454 — Section 454 was editorially reclassified as section 5344 of this title .

419. §454 — Transferred

420. §455 — Section 455 was editorially reclassified as section 5345 of this title .

421. §455 — Transferred

422. §456 — Section 456 was editorially reclassified as section 5346 of this title .

423. §456 — Transferred

424. §457 — Section 457 was editorially reclassified as section 5347 of this title .

425. §457 — Transferred

426. §458 — Section 458 was editorially reclassified as section 5351 of this title .

427. §458 — Transferred

428. Section 458a was editorially reclassified as section 5352 of this title .

429. § 458a. Transferred

430. Section 458aa was editorially reclassified as section 5361 of this title .

431. § 458aa. Transferred

432. Section 458aaa was editorially reclassified as section 5381 of this title .

433. § 458aaa. Transferred

434. Section 458b was editorially reclassified as section 5353 of this title .

435. § 458b. Transferred

436. Section 458bb was editorially reclassified as section 5362 of this title .

437. § 458bb. Transferred

438. Section 458bbb, Pub. L. 93–638, title V, § 501 , as added Pub. L. 106–568, title XIII, § 1302 , Dec. 27, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2936 ; amended Pub. L. 108–267, § 1(a) ,(b)(2), July 2, 2004 , 118 Stat. 797 , was renumbered section 801 of Pub. L. 93–638 and transferred to section 458ddd of this title prior to editorial reclassification as section 5421 of this title .

439. § 458bbb. Transferred

440. Section 458c was editorially reclassified as section 5354 of this title .

441. § 458c. Transferred

442. Section 458cc was editorially reclassified as section 5363 of this title .

443. § 458cc. Transferred

444. Section 458ccc was editorially reclassified as section 5411 of this title .

445. § 458ccc. Transferred

446. Section 458d was editorially reclassified as section 5355 of this title .

447. § 458d. Transferred

448. Section 458dd was editorially reclassified as section 5364 of this title .

449. § 458dd. Transferred

450. Section 458ddd was editorially reclassified as section 5421 of this title .

451. § 458ddd. Transferred

452. Section 458e was editorially reclassified as section 5356 of this title .

453. § 458e. Transferred

454. Section 458ee was editorially reclassified as section 5365 of this title .

455. § 458ee. Transferred

456. Section 458ff was editorially reclassified as section 5366 of this title .

457. § 458ff. Transferred

458. Section 458gg was editorially reclassified as section 5367 of this title .

459. § 458gg. Transferred

460. Section 458hh was editorially reclassified as section 5368 of this title .

461. § 458hh. Transferred

462. §459 — Section 459 was editorially reclassified as section 5501 of this title .

463. §459 — Transferred

464. Section 459a was editorially reclassified as section 5502 of this title .

465. § 459a. Transferred

466. Section 459b was editorially reclassified as section 5503 of this title .

467. § 459b. Transferred

468. Section 459c was editorially reclassified as section 5504 of this title .

469. § 459c. Transferred

470. Section 459d was editorially reclassified as section 5505 of this title .

471. § 459d. Transferred

472. Section 459e was editorially reclassified as section 5506 of this title .

473. § 459e. Transferred

474. §461 — Transferred

475. §462 — Section 462 was editorially reclassified as section 5102 of this title .

476. §462 — Transferred

477. §463 — Section 463 was editorially reclassified as section 5103 of this title .

478. §463 — Transferred

479. Section 463e was editorially reclassified as section 5104 of this title .

480. § 463e. Transferred

481. Section 463f was editorially reclassified as section 5105 of this title .

482. § 463f. Transferred

483. Section 463g was editorially reclassified as section 5106 of this title .

484. § 463g. Transferred

485. §464 — Section 464 was editorially reclassified as section 5107 of this title .

486. §464 — Transferred

487. §465 — Transferred

488. §466 — Section 466 was editorially reclassified as section 5109 of this title .

489. §466 — Transferred

490. §467 — Section 467 was editorially reclassified as section 5110 of this title .

491. §467 — Transferred

492. §468 — Transferred

493. §469 — Section 469 was editorially reclassified as section 5112 of this title .

494. §469 — Transferred

495. §470 — Section 470 was editorially reclassified as section 5113 of this title .

496. §470 — Transferred

497. Section 470a was editorially reclassified as section 5114 of this title .

498. § 470a. Transferred

499. §471 — Transferred

500. §472 — Transferred

501. Section 472a was editorially reclassified as section 5117 of this title .

502. § 472a. Transferred

503. §473 — Transferred

504. Section 473a was editorially reclassified as section 5119 of this title .

505. § 473a. Transferred

506. §474 — Section 474 was editorially reclassified as section 5120 of this title .

507. §474 — Transferred

508. §475 — Section 475 was editorially reclassified as section 5121 of this title .

509. §475 — Transferred

510. Section 475a was editorially reclassified as section 5122 of this title .

511. § 475a. Transferred

512. §476 — Section 476 was editorially reclassified as section 5123 of this title .

513. §476 — Transferred

514. §477 — Section 477 was editorially reclassified as section 5124 of this title .

515. §477 — Transferred

516. §478 — Section 478 was editorially reclassified as section 5125 of this title .

517. §478 — Transferred

518. Section 478a was editorially reclassified as section 5127 of this title .

519. § 478a. Transferred

520. Section 478b was editorially reclassified as section 5128 of this title .

521. § 478b. Transferred

522. §479 — Transferred

523. Section 479a was editorially reclassified as section 5130 of this title .

524. § 479a. Transferred

525. §480 — Section 480 was editorially reclassified as section 5132 of this title .

526. §480 — Transferred

527. §482 — Section 482 was editorially reclassified as section 5133 of this title .

528. §482 — Transferred

529. §483 — Section 483 was editorially reclassified as section 5134 of this title .

530. §483 — Transferred

531. Section 483a was editorially reclassified as section 5135 of this title .

532. § 483a. Transferred

533. §488 — Section 488 was editorially reclassified as section 5136 of this title .

534. §488 — Transferred

535. Section 488a was editorially reclassified as section 5137 of this title .

536. § 488a. Transferred

537. §489 — Section 489 was editorially reclassified as section 5138 of this title .

538. §489 — Transferred

539. §490 — Section 490 was editorially reclassified as section 5139 of this title .

540. §490 — Transferred

541. §491 — Section 491 was editorially reclassified as section 5140 of this title .

542. §491 — Transferred

543. §492 — Section 492 was editorially reclassified as section 5141 of this title .

544. §492 — Transferred

545. §493 — Section 493 was editorially reclassified as section 5142 of this title .

546. §493 — Transferred

547. §494 — Section 494 was editorially reclassified as section 5143 of this title .

548. §494 — Transferred

549. Section 494a was editorially reclassified as section 5144 of this title .

550. § 494a. Transferred

551. §501 — Section 501 was editorially reclassified as section 5201 of this title .

552. §501 — Transferred

553. §502 — Section 502 was editorially reclassified as section 5202 of this title .

554. §502 — Transferred

555. §503 — Section 503 was editorially reclassified as section 5203 of this title .

556. §503 — Transferred

557. §504 — Section 504 was editorially reclassified as section 5204 of this title .

558. §504 — Transferred

559. §505 — Section 505 was editorially reclassified as section 5205 of this title .

560. §505 — Transferred

561. §506 — Section 506 was editorially reclassified as section 5206 of this title .

562. §506 — Transferred

563. §507 — Section 507 was editorially reclassified as section 5207 of this title .

564. §507 — Transferred

565. §508 — Section 508 was editorially reclassified as section 5208 of this title .

566. §508 — Transferred

567. §509 — Section 509 was editorially reclassified as section 5209 of this title .

568. §509 — Transferred

569. §510 — Section 510 was editorially reclassified as section 5210 of this title .

570. §510 — Transferred

571. §635 — Omitted

572. §638 — Omitted

573. §1301 — Definitions

574. §1301 — Title II of Pub. L. 90–284 , which is classified generally to this subchapter, is popularly known as the “Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968”.

575. §1302 — Constitutional rights

576. §1302 — Section 304(c) of the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010, referred to in subsec. (d)(1)(B), probably means section 234(c) of title II of Pub. L. 111–211 , which is classified to section 1302a of this title . See par. (13) of H. Con. Res. 304 (111th Congress), which is not classified to the Code.

577. § 1302a. Bureau of Prisons tribal prisoner program

578. Section 1302 of this title (as amended by this section), referred to in par. (1), is section 1302 of this title , as amended by section 234 of Pub. L. 111–211 .

579. §1303 — Habeas corpus

580. §1304 — Tribal jurisdiction over covered crimes

581. §1305 — Tribal jurisdiction in Alaska

582. §1311 — Model code

583. §1312 — Authorization of appropriations

584. §1321 — Assumption by State of criminal jurisdiction

585. §1322 — Assumption by State of civil jurisdiction

586. §1323 — Retrocession of jurisdiction by State

587. §1323 — Section 7 of the Act of August 15, 1953 ( 67 Stat. 588 ), is hereby repealed, but such repeal shall not affect any cession of jurisdiction made pursuant to such section prior to its repeal.

588. §1323 — Section 7 of the Act of August 15, 1953 , referred to in text, is section 7 of act Aug. 15, 1953, ch. 505 , 67 Stat. 588 , which is set out as a note under section 1360 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

589. §1324 — Amendment of State constitutions or statutes to remove legal impediment; effective date

590. §1325 — Abatement of actions

591. §1326 — Special election

592. §1331 — Approval

593. §1341 — Authorization of Secretary

594. §1401 — Funds appropriated in satisfaction of judgments of Indian Claims Commission or United States Court of Federal Claims

595. §1402 — Plan for use or distribution of funds

596. §1403 — Preparation of plan

597. §1404 — Hearing transcripts and tribal support statements; submission to Congress with plan

598. §1405 — Effective date of plan; joint resolution of disapproval

599. §1406 — Rules and regulations

600. §1407 — Tax exemption; resources exemption limitation

601. §1408 — Resources exemption

602. §1451 — Congressional declaration of policy

603. §1452 — Definitions

604. §1453 — Assistance or activities of other Federal agencies unaffected

605. §1461 — Administration as single Indian Revolving Loan Fund sums from diverse sources; availability of fund for loans to Indians and for administrative expenses

606. §1462 — Economic development; educational loans; limitation of loans to or investments in non-Indian organizations

607. §1463 — Repayment of loan; financing from other sources

608. §1464 — Maturity of loans; interest rate; interest deferral on educational loans

609. §1465 — Modification of amount of loan and document securing loan in collection of loan or in best interests of the United States

610. §1466 — Land and personal property title

611. §1467 — Security for loan; assignment of securities; reasonable assurance of repayment

612. §1468 — Authorization of appropriations

613. §1469 — Rules and regulations

614. §1481 — Loan guaranties and insurance

615. §1482 — Premium charges; deposits in Indian Loan Guaranty and Insurance Fund

616. §1483 — Interest rate

617. §1484 — Application for loan; approval by Secretary; issuance of certificate; limitations on amount of loans to individual Indians or economic enterprises; review by Secretary

618. §1485 — Sale or assignment of loans and underlying security

619. §1486 — Loans ineligible for guaranty or insurance

620. §1487 — Loans eligible for insurance

621. §1488 — Lenders authorized to make loans; decrease or increase of liability under the guaranty

622. §1489 — Loans made by certain financial institutions without regard to limitations and restrictions of other Federal statutes with respect to certain particulars

623. §1490 — Maturity of loans

624. §1491 — Defaults; written notification; pro rata payments; subrogation and assignment rights of Secretary; cancellation of uncollectable portion of obligations; forbearance for benefit of borrower; interest or charges cessation date

625. §1492 — Claims for losses; submission to Secretary; reimbursement: single and aggregate loss limitations, conditions; assignment of note or judgment; collection or cancellation by Secretary; interest or charges cessation date

626. §1493 — Loan refusal; conditions; prohibition against acquisition of additional loans; payment of claims on loans made in good faith

627. §1494 — Evidence of eligibility of loan for and amount of guaranty or insurance; defenses and partial defenses against original lender

628. §1495 — Land and personal property titles

629. §1496 — Powers of Secretary; finality of financial transactions and property acquisitions, management, and dispositions

630. §1497 — Indian Loan Guaranty and Insurance Fund

631. § 1497a. Supplemental surety bond guarantee

632. §1498 — Rules and regulations

633. §1499 — Limitation on guarantee of debt issues; approval of bond issue sale

634. §1511 — Interest subsidies; rules and regulations

635. §1512 — Authorization of appropriations for interest payments

636. §1521 — Indian Business Development Program; establishment; statement of purpose

637. §1522 — Conditions

638. §1523 — Authorization of appropriations

639. §1524 — Rules and regulations

640. §1541 — Competent management and technical assistance for economic enterprises

641. §1542 — Agency cooperation; private contracts for management services and technical assistance

642. §1543 — Funds limitation for private contracts

643. §1544 — Additional compensation to contractors of Federal agency

644. §1545 — Livestock loans; cash settlements

645. §1546 — Disposition of cash settlements

646. §1601 — Congressional findings

647. §1601 — Section 1(a) of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 , provided that: “This Act [probably means S. 1790 as enacted into law by Pub. L. 111–148 , enacting subchapter V–A of this chapter, sections 1616p to 1616r, 1621y, 1638a, 1638e to 1638g, 1647 to 1647d, 1660d to 1660h, 1663, 1663a, 1675, 1678, 1678a, 1679, and 1680p to 1680v of this title, amending sections 1601 to 1603, 1615, 1616 l , 1621, 1621a, 1621c to 1621f, 1621h, 1621j to 1621m, 1621 o to 1621q, 1621t to 1621v, 1631, 1637, 1638b, 1641, 1642, 1644, 1645, 1652, 1659, 1660b, 1661, 1680b, 1680c, 1680 l , and 1680 o of this title and sections 1395 l , 1395qq, 11705, 11706, 11709, and 11711 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealing sections 1616p, 1621w, 1638a, 1647, 1660d, 1663, 1675, 1678, 1679, and 1680k of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 11705 of Title 42 ] may be cited as the ‘Indian Health Care Improvement Reauthorization and Extension Act of 2009’.”

648. §1602 — Declaration of national Indian health policy

649. §1603 — Definitions

650. §1603 — Section 1058(e) of title 20 , referred to in par. (15), probably means section 1058(f) of title 20 , which defines “junior or community college”. Section 1058(e) of title 20 was redesignated section 1058(f) of title 20 by Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 303(b)(1) , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1639 .

651. §1611 — Congressional statement of purpose

652. §1612 — Health professions recruitment program for Indians

653. §1613 — Health professions preparatory scholarship program for Indians

654. § 1613a. Indian health professions scholarships

655. §1614 — Indian health service extern programs

656. §1615 — Continuing education allowances

657. §1616 — Community Health Representative Program

658. § 1616a. Indian Health Service Loan Repayment Program

659. Section 215 of title 42 shall not apply to individuals during their period of obligated service under the Loan Repayment Program.

660. Section 23 of the Act of April 30, 1908 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A)(ii)(II), probably should be a reference to section 23 of act June 25, 1910, ch. 431 , 36 Stat. 861 , which is popularly known as the “Buy Indian Act”, and is classified to section 47 of this title . Act Apr. 30, 1908, ch. 153 , 35 Stat. 70 , does not contain a section 23 but does have provisions (at 35 Stat. 71 ) similar to those in section 23 of act June 25, 1910, ch. 431 , 36 Stat. 861 .

661. Section 254d(i)(4) of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), was redesignated section 254d(j)(4) of title 42 by Pub. L. 107–251, title III, § 310(b)(1) , Oct. 26, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1643 .

662. § 1616b. Recruitment activities

663. § 1616c. Tribal recruitment and retention program

664. § 1616d. Advanced training and research

665. § 1616e. Nursing program

666. Section 2397h of title 20 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was omitted in the general amendment of chapter 44 (§ 2301 et seq.) of Title 20, Education, by Pub. L. 105–332, § 1(b) , Oct. 31, 1998 , 112 Stat. 3076 .

667. Section 2624 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d)(4), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 367 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3976 .

668. Section 2397h of title 20 , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was omitted in the general amendment of chapter 44 (§ 2301 et seq.) of Title 20, Education, by Pub. L. 105–332, § 1(b) , Oct. 31, 1998 , 112 Stat. 3076 .

669. § 1616f. Tribal culture and history

670. § 1616g. INMED program

671. § 1616h. Health training programs of community colleges

672. Section 1058 of title 20 , referred to in subsec. (e)(3), was amended by Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 303(b)(1) , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1639 , which redesignated subsecs. (d) and (e) as (e) and (f), respectively.

673. § 1616i. Additional incentives for health professionals

674. § 1616j. Retention bonus

675. § 1616k. Nursing residency program

676. § 1616l. Community health aide program

677. § 1616m. Matching grants to tribes for scholarship programs

678. § 1616n. Tribal health program administration

679. § 1616o. University of South Dakota pilot program

680. § 1616p. Health professional chronic shortage demonstration programs

681. Section 123 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 112 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

682. § 1616q. Exemption from payment of certain fees

683. Section 124 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 113 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

684. §1621 — Indian Health Care Improvement Fund

685. § 1621a. Catastrophic Health Emergency Fund

686. § 1621b. Health promotion and disease prevention services

687. Section 1602 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was amended generally by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (b).

688. § 1621c. Diabetes prevention, treatment, and control

689. § 1621d. Other authority for provision of services

690. § 1621e. Reimbursement from certain third parties of costs of health services

691. § 1621f. Crediting of reimbursements

692. § 1621g. Health services research

693. § 1621h. Mental health prevention and treatment services

694. § 1621i. Managed care feasibility study

695. § 1621j. California contract health services demonstration program

696. Section 1621a of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(1), was amended generally by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (b)(2).

697. Section 1679 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was repealed and a new section 1679 was enacted by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 . Provisions describing California Indians, similar to those that appeared in former section 1679(b) are now contained in new section 1679(a).

698. § 1621k. Coverage of screening mammography

699. § 1621l. Patient travel costs

700. § 1621m. Epidemiology centers

701. § 1621n. Comprehensive school health education programs

702. § 1621o. Indian youth grant program

703. § 1621p. American Indians Into Psychology Program

704. Section 1616h(e) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), does not authorize the Quentin N. Burdick American Indians Into Nursing Program. For provisions authorizing the Quentin N. Burdick American Indians Into Nursing Program, see section 1616e(e) of this title .

705. Section 1616j(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), does not authorize the Quentin N. Burdick Indian health programs. For provisions authorizing the Quentin N. Burdick Indian Health Programs, see section 1616g(b) of this title .

706. § 1621q. Prevention, control, and elimination of communicable and infectious diseases

707. § 1621r. Contract health services payment study

708. § 1621s. Prompt action on payment of claims

709. § 1621t. Licensing

710. § 1621u. Liability for payment

711. § 1621v. Offices of Indian Men’s Health and Indian Women’s Health

712. § 1621x. Limitation on use of funds

713. § 1621y. Contract health service administration and disbursement formula

714. Section 226 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 137 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

715. §1622 — Transferred

716. §1623 — Special rules relating to Indians

717. §1631 — Consultation; closure of facilities; reports

718. §1632 — Safe water and sanitary waste disposal facilities

719. §1633 — Preferences to Indians and Indian firms

720. §1634 — Expenditure of non-Service funds for renovation

721. §1636 — Grant program for construction, expansion, and modernization of small ambulatory care facilities

722. §1637 — Indian health care delivery demonstration projects

723. §1638 — Land transfer

724. Section 309 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 144 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

725. § 1638a. Tribal management of federally owned quarters

726. § 1638b. Applicability of Buy American requirement

727. Title III of the Act entitled “An Act making appropriations for the Treasury and Post Office Departments for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934 , and for other purposes”, approved March 3, 1933 , referred to in subsec. (d), is title III of act Mar. 3, 1933, ch. 212 , 47 Stat. 1520 , known as the Buy American Act, which was classified generally to sections 10a, 10b, and 10c of former Title 41, Public Contracts, and was substantially repealed and restated in chapter 83 (§ 8301 et seq.) of Title 41, Public Contracts, by Pub. L. 111–350 , §§ 3, 7(b), Jan. 4, 2011 , 124 Stat. 3677 , 3855. For complete classification of title III to the Code, see Short Title of 1933 Act note set out under section 101 of Title 41 and Tables. For disposition of sections of former Title 41, see Disposition Table preceding section 101 of Title 41 .

728. § 1638c. Contracts for personal services in Indian Health Service facilities

729. § 1638d. Credit to appropriations of money collected for meals at Indian Health Service facilities

730. § 1638e. Other funding, equipment, and supplies for facilities

731. Section 311 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 145 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

732. § 1638f. Indian country modular component facilities demonstration program

733. Section 312 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 146 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

734. § 1638g. Mobile health stations demonstration program

735. Section 313 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 147 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

736. §1641 — Treatment of payments under Social Security Act health benefits programs

737. §1642 — Purchasing health care coverage

738. §1643 — Amount and use of funds reimbursed through medicare and medicaid available to Indian Health Service

739. §1644 — Grants to and contracts with the Service, Indian tribes, tribal organizations, and urban Indian organizations to facilitate outreach, enrollment, and coverage of Indians under Social Security Act health benefit programs and other health benefits programs

740. §1645 — Sharing arrangements with Federal agencies

741. §1646 — Authorization for emergency contract health services

742. §1647 — Eligible Indian veteran services

743. §1647 — Section 407 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 155 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

744. § 1647a. Nondiscrimination under Federal health care programs in qualifications for reimbursement for services

745. Section 1320b–9 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (c), relates to improved access to, and delivery of, health care for Indians under subchapters XIX and XXI of chapter 7 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. Subsec. (c) of section 1320b–9 of Title 42 contains definitions of terms.

746. Section 408 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 156 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

747. § 1647b. Access to Federal insurance

748. Section 409 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 157 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

749. § 1647c. General exceptions

750. Section 410 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 158 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

751. § 1647d. Navajo Nation medicaid agency feasibility study

752. Section 411 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 159 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

753. §1651 — Purpose

754. §1652 — Contracts with, and grants to, urban Indian organizations

755. §1653 — Contracts and grants for provision of health care and referral services

756. §1654 — Contracts and grants for determination of unmet health care needs

757. §1655 — Evaluations; renewals

758. §1656 — Other contract and grant requirements

759. §1656 — Section 1603(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (f), was redesignated section 1603(28) of this title by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 .

760. §1657 — Reports and records

761. §1658 — Limitation on contract authority

762. §1659 — Facilities renovation

763. §1660 — Urban Health Programs Branch

764. § 1660a. Grants for alcohol and substance abuse related services

765. § 1660b. Treatment of certain demonstration projects

766. § 1660c. Urban NIAAA transferred programs

767. § 1660d. Conferring with urban Indian organizations

768. Section 514 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 163(a) of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

769. § 1660e. Expanded program authority for urban Indian organizations

770. Section 515 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 164 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

771. § 1660f. Community Health Representatives

772. Section 516 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 165 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

773. Section 517 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 166 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

774. § 1660g. Use of Federal Government facilities and sources of supply

775. § 1660h. Health information technology

776. Section 518 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 166 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

777. § 1660i. Deeming an Urban Indian organization and employees thereof to be a part of the public health service for the purposes of certain claims for personal injury

778. Section 5321(d) of this title shall apply—

779. §1661 — Establishment of the Indian Health Service as an agency of the Public Health Service

780. §1662 — Automated management information system

781. §1663 — Office of Direct Service Tribes

782. §1663 — Section 603 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 172 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

783. § 1663a. Nevada Area Office

784. Section 604 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 173 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

785. §1665 — Definitions

786. §1665 — Section 701 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

787. § 1665a. Behavioral health prevention and treatment services

788. Section 702 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

789. § 1665b. Memoranda of agreement with the Department of the Interior

790. Section 703 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

791. § 1665c. Comprehensive behavioral health prevention and treatment program

792. Section 704 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

793. § 1665d. Mental health technician program

794. Section 705 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

795. § 1665e. Licensing requirement for mental health care workers

796. Section 706 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

797. § 1665f. Indian women treatment programs

798. Section 707 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

799. § 1665g. Indian youth program

800. Section 708 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

801. § 1665h. Inpatient and community-based mental health facilities design, construction, and staffing

802. Section 709 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

803. Section 710 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

804. § 1665i. Training and community education

805. § 1665j. Behavioral health program

806. Section 711 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

807. § 1665k. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders programs

808. Section 712 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

809. § 1665l. Child sexual abuse prevention and treatment programs

810. Section 713 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

811. § 1665m. Domestic and sexual violence prevention and treatment

812. Section 714 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

813. § 1665n. Behavioral health research

814. Section 715 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

815. §1667 — Findings and purpose

816. §1667 — Section 721 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

817. § 1667a. Definitions

818. Section 722 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

819. § 1667b. Indian youth telemental health demonstration project

820. Section 723 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

821. Section 724 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

822. § 1667c. Substance abuse and mental health services Administration grants

823. Section 725 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

824. § 1667d. Use of predoctoral psychology and psychiatry interns

825. § 1667e. Indian youth life skills development demonstration program

826. Section 726 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 181 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

827. §1671 — Reports

828. §1671 — Section 1602 of this title , referred to in par. (6), was amended generally by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (d).

829. §1671 — Section 1637 of this title , referred to in pars. (8) and (9), was amended generally by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (h).

830. §1671 — Section 1660b of this title , referred to in par. (9), was amended generally by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (b).

831. §1671 — Section 1665 l of this title, referred to in par. (7), was omitted and a new section 1665 l was enacted in the general amendment of subchapter V–A by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 . The new section 1665 l does not contain provisions relating to reporting requirements.

832. §1671 — Section 1665a of this title , referred to in par. (7), was omitted and a new section 1665a was enacted in the general amendment of subchapter V–A by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 . Subsec. (c)(3) of the new section 1665a does not relate to reporting requirements.

833. §1671 — Section 1665g of this title , referred to in par. (6), was omitted and a new section 1665g was enacted in the general amendment of subchapter V–A by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 . Subsec. (e) of the new section 1665g does not relate to reporting requirements.

834. §1671 — Section 1665j of this title , referred to in par. (9), was omitted and a new section 1665j was enacted in the general amendment of subchapter V–A by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 . The new section 1665j does not contain a subsec. (f).

835. §1671 — Section 1680 l of this title, referred to in par. (6), was amended generally by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 , and, as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (f).

836. §1671 — Section 1680k of this title , referred to in par. (9), was repealed by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 .

837. §1672 — Regulations

838. §1674 — Leases with Indian tribes

839. §1675 — Confidentiality of medical quality assurance records; qualified immunity for participants

840. §1675 — Section 805 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 191 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

841. §1676 — Limitation on use of funds appropriated to Indian Health Service

842. §1677 — Nuclear resource development health hazards

843. §1678 — Arizona as contract health service delivery area

844. §1678 — Section 808 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 192(1) of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

845. § 1678a. North Dakota and South Dakota as contract health service delivery area

846. Section 808A of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 192(2) of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

847. §1679 — Eligibility of California Indians

848. §1679 — Section 809 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 192(3) of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

849. §1680 — California as a contract health service delivery area

850. § 1680a. Contract health facilities

851. § 1680b. National Health Service Corps

852. § 1680c. Health services for ineligible persons

853. Section 314 of Public Law 101–512 , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is set out as a note under section 5321 of this title .

854. § 1680d. Infant and maternal mortality; fetal alcohol syndrome

855. § 1680e. Contract health services for the Trenton Service Area

856. § 1680f. Indian Health Service and Department of Veterans Affairs health facilities and services sharing

857. § 1680g. Reallocation of base resources

858. § 1680h. Demonstration projects for tribal management of health care services

859. § 1680i. Child sexual abuse treatment programs

860. § 1680j. Tribal leasing

861. § 1680l. Shared services for long-term care

862. § 1680m. Results of demonstration projects

863. § 1680n. Priority for Indian reservations

864. § 1680o. Authorization of appropriations

865. § 1680p. Annual budget submission

866. Section 826 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 195 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

867. § 1680q. Prescription drug monitoring

868. Section 827 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 196 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

869. Section 828 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 197 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

870. § 1680r. Tribal health program option for cost sharing

871. § 1680s. Disease and injury prevention report

872. Section 829 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 198 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

873. § 1680t. Other GAO reports

874. Section 830 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 199 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

875. Section 831 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 199A of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

876. § 1680u. Traditional health care practices

877. § 1680v. Director of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Treatment

878. Section 832 of Pub. L. 94–437 is based on section 199B of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148 .

879. §1682 — Subrogation of claims by Indian Health Service

880. §1683 — Indian Catastrophic Health Emergency Fund

881. §1684 — Emergency plan for Indian safety and health

882. §1685 — Service of traditional foods in public facilities

883. §1701 — Omitted

884. §1801 — Definitions

885. §1802 — Purpose

886. §1803 — Grants authorized

887. §1804 — Eligible grant recipients

888. § 1804a. Planning grants

889. §1805 — Technical assistance contracts

890. §1806 — Eligibility studies

891. §1807 — Grants to tribally controlled colleges or universities

892. §1808 — Amount of grants

893. §1809 — Effect on other programs

894. §1810 — Authorization of appropriations

895. §1811 — Grant adjustments

896. §1812 — Report on facilities

897. §1812 — Section 1132e–1 of title 20 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted in the general revision of subchapter VII (§ 1132a et seq.) of chapter 28 of Title 20, Education, by Pub. L. 99–498, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1520 . See section 1132i–1 of Title 20 .

898. §1813 — Construction of new facilities

899. §1813 — Section 1132e–1 of title 20 , referred to in subsec. (f), was omitted in the general revision of subchapter VII (§ 1132a et seq.) of chapter 28 of Title 20, Education, by Pub. L. 99–498, title VII, § 701 , Oct. 17, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1520 .

900. §1814 — Miscellaneous provisions

901. §1815 — Rules and regulations

902. §1831 — Purpose

903. §1832 — Establishment of program; program agreements

904. §1832 — Section 3 of the Navajo Community College Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 3 of Pub. L. 92–189 , Dec. 15, 1971 , 85 Stat. 646 , which was classified to section 640b of this title and was omitted from the Code as being of special and not general application.

905. §1833 — Use of funds

906. §1834 — Compliance with matching requirement

907. §1835 — Allocation of funds

908. §1836 — Authorization of appropriations

909. §1851 — Grants authorized

910. §1852 — Authorization of appropriations

911. §1861 — Definition of tribally controlled postsecondary career and technical institution

912. §1862 — Tribally controlled postsecondary career and technical institutions program

913. §1863 — Applicability of other laws

914. §1863 — Title II, referred to in subsec. (a), is title II of Pub. L. 95–471 , Oct. 17, 1978 , 92 Stat. 1329 , known as the Navajo Community College Assistance Act of 1978, which enacted former section 640c–1 of this title , amended former section 640c of this title , and enacted provisions set out as notes under former sections 640a and 640c–1 of this title.

915. §1864 — Authorization of appropriations

916. §1901 — Congressional findings

917. §1902 — Congressional declaration of policy

918. §1903 — Definitions

919. §1911 — Indian tribe jurisdiction over Indian child custody proceedings

920. §1912 — Pending court proceedings

921. §1913 — Parental rights; voluntary termination

922. §1914 — Petition to court of competent jurisdiction to invalidate action upon showing of certain violations

923. §1915 — Placement of Indian children

924. §1916 — Return of custody

925. §1917 — Tribal affiliation information and other information for protection of rights from tribal relationship; application of subject of adoptive placement; disclosure by court

926. §1918 — Reassumption of jurisdiction over child cus­tody proceedings

927. §1919 — Agreements between States and Indian tribes

928. §1920 — Improper removal of child from custody; declination of jurisdiction; forthwith return of child: danger exception

929. §1921 — Higher State or Federal standard applicable to protect rights of parent or Indian custodian of Indian child

930. §1922 — Emergency removal or placement of child; termination; appropriate action

931. §1923 — Effective date

932. §1931 — Grants for on or near reservation programs and child welfare codes

933. §1932 — Grants for off-reservation programs for additional services

934. §1933 — Funds for on and off reservation programs

935. §1934 — Section 1603(c) of this title , referred to in text, was redesignated section 1603(13) of this title by Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a) , Mar. 23, 2010 , 124 Stat. 935 .

936. §1934 — “Indian” defined for certain purposes

937. §1951 — Information availability to and disclosure by Secretary

938. §1952 — Rules and regulations

939. §1961 — Locally convenient day schools

940. §1962 — Copies to the States

941. §1963 — Severability

942. §2000 — Declaration of policy

943. §2001 — Accreditation for the basic education of Indian children in Bureau of Indian Affairs schools

944. §2002 — National criteria for home-living situations

945. §2003 — Codification of regulations

946. §2004 — School boundaries

947. §2005 — Facilities construction

948. §2006 — Bureau of Indian Affairs education functions

949. §2007 — Allotment formula

950. §2008 — Administrative cost grants

951. §2008 — Section 2008, Pub. L. 95–561, title XI, § 1128 , Nov. 1, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2320 ; Pub. L. 96–46, § 2(b)(7) , (8), Aug. 6, 1979 , 93 Stat. 341 ; Pub. L. 98–511, title V, § 505 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2394 ; Pub. L. 99–89, § 5 , Aug. 15, 1985 , 99 Stat. 381 ; Pub. L. 99–228, § 1 , Dec. 28, 1985 , 99 Stat. 1747 ; Pub. L. 100–297, title V , §§ 5107(a), 5108(b), (c), Apr. 28, 1988 , 102 Stat. 368 , 375; Pub. L. 100–427 , §§ 2(a), (b)(1), (c), 3, 5, Sept. 9, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1604 , 1605; Pub. L. 101–301, § 5(d)(1) , May 24, 1990 , 104 Stat. 208 ; Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 393(b) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4026 , related to allotment formula.

952. §2008 — Section 2008a, Pub. L. 95–561, title XI, § 1128A , as added Pub. L. 100–297, title V, § 5108(a) , Apr. 28, 1988 , 102 Stat. 369 ; amended Pub. L. 100–427, § 4 , Sept. 9, 1988 , 102 Stat. 1604 ; Pub. L. 101–301, § 5(f) , May 24, 1990 , 104 Stat. 208 , related to administrative cost grants.

953. §2009 — Division of Budget Analysis

954. §2010 — Uniform direct funding and support

955. §2011 — Policy for Indian control of Indian education

956. §2012 — Chapter 51, subchapter III of chapter 53, and chapter 63 of title 5, relating to classification, pay and leave, respectively, and the sections of such title relating to the appointment, promotion, hours of work, and removal of civil service employees, shall not apply to educators or to education positions (as defined in subsection (p)).

957. §2012 — Indian education personnel

958. §2013 — Computerized management information system

959. §2014 — Recruitment of Indian educators

960. §2015 — Annual report; audits

961. §2016 — Rights of Indian students

962. §2017 — Regulations

963. §2018 — Regional meetings and negotiated rulemaking

964. §2019 — Early childhood development program

965. §2020 — Tribal departments or divisions of education

966. §2021 — Definitions

967. §2021 — Section 2022, Pub. L. 95–561, title XI, § 1140B , formerly § 1142, as added Pub. L. 98–511, title V, § 512 , Oct. 19, 1984 , 98 Stat. 2398 ; renumbered § 1140B, and amended Pub. L. 99–89, § 9(a)(1) , (c), Aug. 15, 1985 , 99 Stat. 383 , related to extracurricular activities.

968. §2021 — Section 2022a, Pub. L. 95–561, title XI, § 1141 , as added Pub. L. 100–297, title V, § 5116(2) , Apr. 28, 1988 , 102 Stat. 381 , related to early childhood development program.

969. §2021 — Section 2022b, Pub. L. 95–561, title XI, § 1142 , as added Pub. L. 100–297, title V, § 5119 , Apr. 28, 1988 , 102 Stat. 383 , related to tribal departments of education.

970. §2021 — Section 2024, Pub. L. 95–561, title XI, § 1144 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 381 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4013 ; amended Pub. L. 105–244, title IX, § 901(d) , Oct. 7, 1998 , 112 Stat. 1828 , related to tribal departments of education. See section 2020 of this title .

971. §2021 — Section 2025, Pub. L. 95–561, title XI, § 1145 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 381 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4015 , related to payments to grantees.

972. §2021 — Section 2026, Pub. L. 95–561, title XI, § 1146 , as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 381 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4015 ; amended Pub. L. 106–554, § 1(a)(4) [div. B, title XVI, § 1607(b)] , Dec. 21, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2763 , 2763A–335, defined terms. See section 2021 of this title .

973. §2101 — Definitions For the purposes of this chapter, the term-

974. §2102 — Minerals Agreements

975. §2103 — Secretary’s determination on Minerals Agreements

976. §2104 — Secretary’s review of prior Minerals Agreements

977. §2105 — Effect of other provisions

978. §2106 — Assistance to tribes or individuals during Minerals Agreement negotiations

979. §2107 — Regulations; consultation with Indian organizations; pending agreements

980. §2108 — Tribal right to develop mineral resources

981. §2201 — Definitions

982. §2202 — Other applicable provisions The provisions of section 5108 of this title shall apply to all tribes notwithstanding the provisions of section 5125 of this title: Provided, That nothing in this section is intended to supersede any other provision of Federal law which authorizes, prohibits, or restricts the acquisition of land for Indians with respect to any specific tribe, reservation, or state(s). ( Pub. L. 97–459, title II, §203, Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2517 .)

983. §2203 — Adoption of land consolidation plan with approval of Secretary

984. §2204 — Purchase of trust or restricted or controlled lands at no less than fair market value; requisite conditions

985. §2204 — Section 8(a)(4) of the American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A), is section 8(a)(4) of Pub. L. 108–374 , which is set out as a note under section 2201 of this title .

986. §2205 — Section 102 of the Indian Land Consolidation Act Amendments of 2000, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2)(B), (b)(2)(B), (C), (E)(ii), is section 102 of Pub. L. 106–462 , which is set out as a note under section 2201 of this title .

987. §2205 — Tribal probate codes; acquisitions of fractional interests by tribes

988. §2206 — Descent and distribution

989. §2206 — Section 8 of the American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004, referred to in subsecs. (a)(2)(D)(iv)(II)(dd), (c)(2), and (j)(2)(A)(ii)(I), (7)(B), is section 8 of Pub. L. 108–374 , which is set out as a note under section 2201 of this title .

990. §2207 — Full faith and credit to tribal actions under tribal ordinances limiting descent and distribution of trust or restricted or controlled lands

991. §2208 — Conveyancing authority upon sale or exchange of tribal lands; removal of trust status of individually owned lands

992. §2209 — Trusteeship title of United States for any Indian or Indian tribe

993. §2210 — Tax exemption

994. §2211 — Governing body of tribe; construction of chapter as not vesting with authority not authorized by tribal constitution or by-laws

995. §2212 — Fractional interest acquisition program

996. §2212 — Section 102 of the Indian Land Consolidation Act Amendments of 2000, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 102 of Pub. L. 106–462 , which is set out as a note under section 2201 of this title .

997. §2213 — Administration of acquired fractional interests; disposition of proceeds

998. §2213 — Section 2215 of this title , referred to in the original in subsec. (b)(4), probably should have been “section 216”, meaning section 216 of Pub. L. 97–459 , which is classified to section 2215 of this title and relates to the establishment of an Acquisition Fund. Pub. L. 97–459 does not contain a section 2215.

999. §2214 — Establishing fair market value

1000. §2215 — Acquisition Fund

1001. §2216 — Trust and restricted land transactions

1002. §2217 — Reports to Congress

1003. §2218 — Approval of leases, rights-of-way, and sales of natural resources

1004. §2219 — Application to Alaska

1005. §2220 — Owner-managed interests

1006. §2220 — Section 8(a)(4) of the American Indian Probate Reform Act of 2004, referred to in subsec. (d)(1), is section 8(a)(4) of Pub. L. 108–374 , which is set out as a note under section 2201 of this title .

1007. §2221 — Annual notice and filing; current whereabouts of interest owners

1008. §2301 — Definitions

1009. §2302 — Payment of claims

1010. §2303 — Notice

1011. §2304 — Identification of right to payment and expedited claim payment

1012. §2305 — Discharge and barring of claims

1013. §2306 — Authorization of appropriations

1014. §2307 — Treatment of funds

1015. §2401 — Congressional findings

1016. §2402 — Purpose

1017. §2403 — Definitions

1018. §2411 — Inter-departmental Memorandum of Agreement

1019. §2411 — Section 2010 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original a reference to section 1130 of the Education Amendments of 1978, Pub. L. 95–561 . Section 1130 of Pub. L. 95–561 was omitted in the general amendment of chapter 22 (§ 2001 et seq.) of this title by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 381 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3979 . Pub. L. 103–382 enacted a new section 1130 of Pub. L. 95–561 , relating to uniform direct funding and support, which is classified to section 2010 of this title . Provisions relating to Indian control of Indian education are now contained in section 2011 of this title .

1020. §2412 — Section 2475 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(A)(iv), was repealed by Pub. L. 102–573, title VII, § 702(b)(2) , Oct. 29, 1992 , 106 Stat. 4582 .

1021. §2412 — Tribal Action Plans

1022. §2413 — Departmental responsibility

1023. §2414 — Congressional intent in construction of laws

1024. § 2414a. Review of programs

1025. §2415 — Federal facilities, property, and equipment; leasing of tribal property

1026. §2415 — Section 2474(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 102–573, title VII, § 702(b)(2) , Oct. 29, 1992 , 106 Stat. 4582 .

1027. §2416 — Newsletter

1028. §2431 — Review of programs

1029. §2432 — Indian education programs

1030. §2433 — Emergency shelters

1031. §2434 — Section 2477 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 102–573, title VII, § 702(b)(2) , Oct. 29, 1992 , 106 Stat. 4582 .

1032. §2434 — Social services reports

1033. §2441 — Review of programs

1034. §2442 — Illegal narcotics traffic on Tohono O’odham and St. Regis Reservations; source eradication

1035. §2451 — Bureau of Indian Affairs law enforcement and judicial training

1036. §2452 — Medical assessment and treatment of juvenile offenders

1037. §2453 — Juvenile detention centers

1038. §2454 — Model Indian Juvenile Code

1039. §2455 — Law enforcement and judicial report

1040. §2455 — Section 2477 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 102–573, title VII, § 702(b)(2) , Oct. 29, 1992 , 106 Stat. 4582 .

1041. §2471 — Transferred

1042. §2501 — Declaration of policy

1043. §2502 — Grants authorized

1044. § 2502a. Retrocession or re-assumption of Indian education funds

1045. §2503 — Composition of grants

1046. §2503 — Section 1124 of the Education Amendments of 1978 ( 25 U.S.C. 2005(a) ), referred to in subsec. (b)(4)(B)(iii), probably should be section 1125 of the Education Amendments of 1978, Pub. L. 95–561 , which is classified to section 2005 of this title and requires, in subsec. (b), compliance with health and safety standards. Section 1124 of Pub. L. 95–561 , which is classified to section 2004 of this title , relates to school boundaries.

1047. §2504 — Eligibility for grants

1048. §2505 — Duration of eligibility determination

1049. §2506 — Payment of grants; investment of funds

1050. §2507 — Application with respect to Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act

1051. §2508 — Role of the Director

1052. §2509 — Regulations

1053. §2510 — The tribally controlled grant school endowment program

1054. §2511 — Definitions

1055. §2701 — Findings

1056. §2702 — Declaration of policy

1057. §2703 — Definitions

1058. §2704 — National Indian Gaming Commission

1059. §2705 — Powers of Chairman

1060. §2706 — Powers of Commission

1061. §2707 — Commission staffing

1062. §2708 — Commission; access to information

1063. §2709 — Interim authority to regulate gaming

1064. §2710 — Tribal gaming ordinances

1065. §2711 — Management contracts

1066. §2712 — Review of existing ordinances and contracts

1067. §2713 — Civil penalties

1068. §2714 — Judicial review

1069. §2715 — Subpoena and deposition authority

1070. §2716 — Investigative powers

1071. §2717 — Commission funding

1072. § 2717a. Availability of class II gaming activity fees to carry out duties of Commission

1073. §2718 — Authorization of appropriations

1074. §2719 — Gaming on lands acquired after October 17, 1988

1075. §2720 — Dissemination of information

1076. §2721 — Severability

1077. §2801 — Definitions

1078. §2801 — Sec. 2. Coordination of a Federal Law Enforcement Strategy to Prevent and Respond to Violence Against Native Americans . The Attorney General, working with the Secretary of the Interior and the heads of other executive departments and agencies (agencies) as appropriate, shall assess and build on existing efforts to develop a coordinated and comprehensive Federal law enforcement strategy to prevent and respond to violence against Native Americans, including to address missing or murdered indigenous people where the Federal Government has jurisdiction. The strategy shall set out a plan to address unsolved cases involving Native Americans; provide for coordination among the Department of Justice, the Department of the Interior, and the Department of Homeland Security in their efforts to end human trafficking; seek to strengthen and expand Native American participation in the Amber Alert in Indian Country initiative; and build on and enhance national training programs for Federal agents and prosecutors, including those related to trauma-informed and victim-centered interview and investigation techniques. The strategy shall also include protocols for effective, consistent, and culturally and linguistically appropriate communication with families of victims and their advocates, including through the creation of a designated position within the Department of Justice assigned the function of serving as the outreach services liaison for criminal cases where the Federal Government has jurisdiction. The Attorney General and the Secretary of the Interior shall report to the President within 240 days of the date of this order describing the strategy developed and identifying additional resources or other support necessary to implement that strategy.

1079. §2801 — Sec. 3. Supporting Tribal and Other Non-Federal Law Enforcement Efforts to Prevent and Respond to Violence Against Native Americans . (a) The Attorney General and the Secretary of the Interior, working with the heads of other agencies as appropriate, shall develop guidance, identify leading practices, and provide training and technical assistance, consistent with applicable law and available appropriations, to:

1080. §2801 — Sec. 4. Improving Data Collection, Analysis, and Information Sharing . (a) The Attorney General, in coordination with the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS), as appropriate, shall sustain efforts to improve data collection and information-sharing practices, conduct outreach and training, and promote accurate and timely access to information services regarding crimes or threats against Native Americans, including in urban areas, such as through the National Crime Information Center, the Next Generation Identification system, and the National Violent Death Reporting System, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law.

1081. §2801 — Sec. 5. Strengthening Prevention, Early Intervention, and Victim and Survivor Services . (a) The Secretary of HHS, in consultation with the Secretary of the Interior and Tribal Nations and after conferring with other agencies, researchers, and community-based organizations supporting indigenous wellbeing, including Urban Indian Organizations, as appropriate, shall develop a comprehensive plan to support prevention efforts that reduce risk factors for victimization of Native Americans and increase protective factors, including by enhancing the delivery of services for Native American victims and survivors, as well as their families and advocates. The comprehensive plan shall, to the extent possible, build on the existing evidence base. The plan shall include strategies for improving mental and behavioral health; providing substance abuse services; providing family support, including high-quality early childhood programs for victims and survivors with young children; and preventing elder abuse, gender-based violence, and human trafficking. In addition, the plan shall also include community-based strategies that improve community cohesion and cultural connectivity and preservation, educational programs to increase empowerment and self-advocacy, and strategies to encourage culturally and linguistically appropriate, trauma-informed, and victim-centered service delivery to Native Americans, including for survivors of gender-based violence. The Secretary of HHS shall report to the President within 240 days of the date of this order describing the plan and actions taken and identifying any additional resources or other support needed.

1082. §2801 — Sec. 6. Consultation and Engagement . In accordance with the Presidential Memorandum of January 26, 2021 (Tribal Consultation and Strengthening Nation-to-Nation Relationships) [ 25 U.S.C. 5301 note], the Departments of Justice, the Interior, HHS, Energy, and Homeland Security shall conduct timely consultations with Tribal Nations and shall engage Native American communities to obtain their comments and recommendations regarding implementing sections 2 through 5 of this order. Tribal consultation and engagement shall continue as the strategies required by this order are implemented.

1083. §2801 — Sec. 7. Definitions . For the purposes of this order:

1084. §2801 — Sec. 8. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1085. §2801 — Section 1. Policy . The safety and well-being of all Native Americans is a top priority for my Administration. My Administration will work hand in hand with Tribal Nations and Tribal partners to build safe and healthy Tribal communities and to support comprehensive law enforcement, prevention, intervention, and support services.

1086. §2801 — Section 1. Purpose . My Administration has heard the ongoing and serious concerns of tribal governments regarding missing and murdered members of American Indian and Alaska Native communities, particularly women and girls. To address the severity of those concerns, top officials within the Federal Government will coordinate and engage with the tribal governments.

1087. §2802 — Indian law enforcement responsibilities

1088. §2803 — Law enforcement authority The Secretary may charge employees of the Bureau with law enforcement responsibilities and may authorize those employees to-

1089. §2804 — Assistance by other agencies

1090. §2804 — Section 5412(a) of this title , referred to in subsec. (g)(2), was in the original “section 701(a) of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act”, and was translated as reading “section 702(a) of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act”, meaning section 702(a) of Pub. L. 93–638 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because Pub. L. 93–638 does not contain a section 701(a), and section 702(a) of Pub. L. 93–638 relates to establishment of the Indian Law Enforcement Foundation.

1091. §2805 — Regulations

1092. §2806 — Jurisdiction

1093. §2807 — Uniform allowance

1094. §2808 — Source of funds

1095. §2809 — Reports to tribes

1096. §2810 — Assistant United States Attorney tribal liaisons

1097. §2811 — Native American Issues Coordinator

1098. §2812 — Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the Commission.

1099. §2812 — Indian Law and Order Commission

1100. §2813 — Testimony by Federal employees

1101. §2814 — Policies and protocol

1102. §2815 — State, tribal, and local law enforcement cooperation

1103. §2901 — Findings

1104. §2902 — Definitions

1105. §2903 — Declaration of policy

1106. §2904 — No restrictions

1107. §2905 — Evaluations

1108. §2906 — Use of English

1109. §2907 — Survey on Native American languages

1110. §3001 — Definitions

1111. §3001 — Section 4 of Public Law 86–3 , referred to in par. (15)(C), is section 4 of Pub. L. 86–3 , which is set out as a note preceding section 491 of Title 48 .

1112. §3002 — Ownership

1113. §3003 — Inventory for human remains and associated funerary objects

1114. §3004 — Summary for unassociated funerary objects, sacred objects, and cultural patrimony

1115. §3005 — Repatriation

1116. §3006 — Review committee

1117. §3007 — Penalty

1118. §3008 — Grants

1119. §3009 — Savings provision

1120. §3010 — Special relationship between Federal Government and Indian tribes and Native Hawaiian organizations

1121. §3011 — Regulations

1122. §3012 — Authorization of appropriations

1123. §3013 — Enforcement

1124. §3051 — Purposes

1125. §3052 — Definitions

1126. §3053 — Reburial of human remains and cultural items

1127. §3054 — Temporary closure for traditional and cultural purposes

1128. §3055 — Forest products for traditional and cultural purposes

1129. §3056 — Prohibition on disclosure

1130. §3057 — Severability and savings provisions

1131. §3071 — Purposes

1132. §3072 — Definitions

1133. §3073 — Export prohibitions; export certification system; international agreements

1134. §3074 — Voluntary return of tangible cultural heritage

1135. §3075 — Interagency working group

1136. §3076 — Native working group

1137. §3077 — Treatment under Freedom of Information Act

1138. §3078 — Regulations

1139. §3079 — Authorization of appropriations

1140. §3101 — Findings

1141. §3102 — Purposes

1142. §3103 — Definitions

1143. §3104 — Management of Indian forest land

1144. §3105 — Forest management deduction

1145. §3106 — Forest trespass

1146. §3107 — Direct payment of forest products receipts

1147. §3108 — Secretarial recognition of tribal laws

1148. §3109 — Indian forest land assistance account

1149. §3110 — Tribal forestry programs

1150. §3111 — Assessment of Indian forest land and management programs

1151. §3112 — Alaska Native technical assistance program

1152. §3113 — Establishment of Indian and Alaska Native forestry education assistance

1153. §3114 — Postgraduation recruitment, education and training programs

1154. §3115 — Cooperative agreement between Department of the Interior and Indian tribes

1155. Section 347 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999, referred to in subsecs. (b)(1) and (f)(1), was section § 101(e) [title III, § 347] of Pub. L. 105–277, div. A , as amended, which was set out as a note under section 2104 of Title 16 , Conservation, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 113–79, title VIII, § 8205(b) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 921 . Provisions similar to § 101(e) [title III, § 347] of Pub. L. 105–277, div. A , as amended, were enacted by Pub. L. 108–148, title VI, § 604 , as added Pub. L. 113–79, title VIII, § 8205(a) , Feb. 7, 2014 , 128 Stat. 918 and are classified to section 6591c of Title 16 , Conservation.

1156. § 3115a. Tribal forest assets protection

1157. § 3115b. Tribal forest management demonstration project

1158. §3116 — Obligated service; breach of contract

1159. §3117 — Authorization of appropriations

1160. §3118 — Regulations

1161. §3119 — Severability

1162. §3120 — Trust responsibility

1163. §3201 — Findings and purpose

1164. §3202 — Definitions

1165. §3203 — Reporting procedures

1166. §3203 — Section 3202(3) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A), was in the original “section 503(3)” meaning section 503(3) of Pub. L. 101–630 , and was translated as reading section 403(3), which defines child abuse, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1167. §3204 — Central registry

1168. §3205 — Confidentiality

1169. §3206 — Waiver of parental consent

1170. §3207 — Character investigations

1171. §3208 — Indian Child Abuse Treatment Grant Program

1172. §3209 — National Indian Child Resource and Family Services Center

1173. §3210 — Indian Child Protection and Family Violence Prevention Program

1174. §3301 — Short title

1175. §3302 — Findings

1176. §3303 — Program authority

1177. §3304 — Qualification for grants to tribes

1178. §3305 — Allocation of grant funds

1179. §3306 — Limitations on use of funds

1180. §3307 — Administrative provisions

1181. §3321 — Short title

1182. §3322 — Definitions

1183. §3323 — Service conditions permitted

1184. §3324 — Critical area service agreements

1185. §3324 — Section 3323(b) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(A), was in the original a reference to “section 1322(b)”, meaning section 1322(b) of Pub. L. 102–325 , which has been translated as reading section 1323(b) of Pub. L. 102–325 to reflect the probable intent of Congress because section 1322 does not have a subsec. (b) and section 1323(b) relates to designation of critical areas by tribes.

1186. §3325 — General provisions

1187. §3401 — Statement of purpose

1188. §3402 — Definitions

1189. §3403 — Integration of services authorized

1190. §3404 — Programs affected

1191. §3405 — Plan requirements

1192. §3406 — Plan review

1193. §3407 — Plan approval; Secretarial authority; review of decision

1194. §3408 — Job creation activities authorized

1195. §3409 — Employer training placements

1196. §3410 — Federal responsibilities

1197. §3411 — No reduction in amounts

1198. §3412 — Transfer of funds

1199. §3413 — Administration of funds

1200. §3416 — Labor market information on Indian work force

1201. §3417 — Assignment of Federal personnel to State Indian economic development programs

1202. §3501 — Definitions

1203. §3502 — Indian tribal energy resource development

1204. §3503 — Indian tribal energy resource regulation

1205. §3504 — Leases, business agreements, and rights-of-way involving energy development or transmission

1206. §3504 — Section 103(b) of the Indian Tribal Energy Development and Self-Determination Act Amendments of 2017, referred to in subsecs. (g)(4) and (h)(1), is section 103(b) of Pub. L. 115–325 , which is set out as a note under this section.

1207. §3505 — Federal power marketing administrations

1208. §3506 — Wind and hydropower feasibility study

1209. §3507 — Appraisals

1210. §3601 — Findings

1211. §3602 — Definitions

1212. §3611 — Office of Tribal Justice Support

1213. §3612 — Survey of tribal judicial systems

1214. §3613 — Base support funding for tribal justice systems

1215. §3614 — Tribal judicial conferences

1216. §3621 — Tribal justice systems

1217. §3631 — Tribal authority

1218. §3651 — Findings

1219. §3652 — Purposes

1220. §3653 — Definitions

1221. §3661 — Tribal justice training and technical assistance grants

1222. §3662 — Tribal civil legal assistance grants

1223. §3663 — Tribal criminal assistance grants

1224. §3664 — No offset

1225. §3665 — Tribal authority

1226. § 3665a. Office of Tribal Justice

1227. §3666 — Authorization of appropriations

1228. §3681 — Grants

1229. §3682 — Assistant probation officers

1230. §3701 — Findings

1231. §3702 — Purposes

1232. §3703 — Definitions

1233. §3711 — Management of Indian rangelands and farmlands

1234. §3712 — Indian participation in land management activities

1235. §3713 — Indian agricultural lands trespass

1236. §3714 — Assessment of Indian agricultural management programs

1237. §3715 — Leasing of Indian agricultural lands

1238. §3731 — Indian and Alaska Native agriculture management education assistance programs

1239. §3732 — Postgraduation recruitment, education and training programs

1240. §3733 — Cooperative agreement between Department of the Interior and Indian tribes

1241. §3734 — Obligated service; breach of contract

1242. §3741 — Regulations

1243. §3742 — Trust responsibility

1244. §3743 — Severability

1245. §3744 — Federal, State and local authority

1246. §3745 — Authorization of appropriations

1247. §3746 — Tribal immunity

1248. §3801 — Findings

1249. §3802 — Definitions

1250. §3803 — Dam Safety Maintenance and Repair Program

1251. §3804 — Authorization of appropriations

1252. §3805 — Indian dam safety

1253. §3901 — Findings and purposes

1254. §3902 — Definitions

1255. §3903 — Inventory of open dumps

1256. §3904 — Authority of Director of Indian Health Service

1257. §3905 — Contract authority

1258. §3906 — Tribal demonstration project

1259. §3907 — Authorization of appropriations

1260. §3908 — Disclaimers

1261. §4001 — Definitions

1262. §4011 — Responsibility of Secretary to account for daily and annual balances of Indian trust funds

1263. §4012 — Authority for payment of claims for interest owed

1264. §4021 — Purpose

1265. §4022 — Voluntary withdrawal from trust funds program

1266. §4023 — Judgment funds

1267. §4024 — Technical assistance

1268. §4025 — Grant program

1269. §4026 — Return of withdrawn funds

1270. §4027 — Savings provision

1271. §4028 — Report to Congress

1272. §4029 — Regulations

1273. §4041 — Purposes

1274. §4042 — Office of Special Trustee for American Indians

1275. §4043 — Authorities and functions of Special Trustee

1276. §4044 — Reconciliation report

1277. §4045 — Staff and consultants

1278. §4046 — Advisory board

1279. §4061 — Authorization of appropriations

1280. §4101 — Congressional findings

1281. §4102 — Administration through Office of Native American Programs

1282. §4103 — Definitions

1283. §4104 — Waiver of matching funds requirements in Indian housing programs

1284. §4111 — Block grants

1285. §4112 — Indian housing plans

1286. §4113 — Review of plans

1287. §4113 — Section 4112(c)(5) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–411, title I, § 102(2) , Oct. 14, 2008 , 122 Stat. 4321 .

1288. §4114 — Treatment of program income and labor standards

1289. §4115 — Environmental review

1290. §4116 — Regulations

1291. §4117 — Authorization of appropriations

1292. §4131 — National objectives and eligible families

1293. §4132 — Eligible affordable housing activities

1294. §4133 — Program requirements

1295. §4134 — Types of investments

1296. §4135 — Low-income requirement and income targeting

1297. §4135 — Section 1437bb of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–330, title V, § 501(a) , Oct. 26, 1996 , 110 Stat. 4041 , effective Oct. 1, 1997 .

1298. §4137 — Lease requirements and tenant selection

1299. §4138 — Availability of records

1300. §4139 — Noncompliance with affordable housing requirement

1301. §4140 — Continued use of amounts for affordable housing

1302. §4145 — Purpose

1303. § 4145a. Program authority

1304. § 4145b. Use of amounts for housing activities

1305. § 4145c. Inapplicability of other provisions

1306. Section 4136 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(11), related to certification of compliance with subsidy layering requirements and was repealed by Pub. L. 106–568, title X, § 1003(k)(2) , Dec. 27, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2930 and Pub. L. 106–569, title V, § 503(j)(2) , Dec. 27, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2966 .

1307. § 4145d. Review and report

1308. §4151 — Annual allocation

1309. §4152 — Allocation formula

1310. §4161 — Remedies for noncompliance

1311. §4162 — Replacement of recipient

1312. §4163 — Monitoring of compliance

1313. §4164 — Performance reports

1314. §4165 — Review and audit by Secretary

1315. §4166 — GAO audits

1316. §4167 — Reports to Congress

1317. §4168 — Public availability of information

1318. §4181 — Termination of Indian housing assistance under United States Housing Act of 1937

1319. §4182 — Termination of new commitments for rental assistance

1320. §4183 — Savings provision

1321. §4183 — Section 2 of the HUD Demonstration Act of 1993, referred to in text, is section 2 of Pub. L. 103–120 , Oct. 27, 1993 , 107 Stat. 1144 , which was set out as a note under section 11301 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–120, § 2(g) .

1322. §4184 — Effect on HOME Investment Partnerships Act

1323. §4191 — Authority and requirements

1324. §4192 — Security and repayment

1325. §4193 — Payment of interest

1326. §4194 — Training and information

1327. §4195 — Limitations on amount of guarantees

1328. §4196 — Demonstration program for guaranteed loans to finance tribal community and economic development activities

1329. §4211 — 50-year leasehold interest in trust or restricted lands for housing purposes

1330. §4211 — Section 705, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 705 of Pub. L. 104–330 , which is set out as an Effective Date note below.

1331. §4212 — Training and technical assistance

1332. §4221 — Definitions

1333. §4222 — Block grants for affordable housing activities

1334. §4223 — Housing plan

1335. §4224 — Review of plans

1336. §4225 — Treatment of program income and labor standards

1337. §4226 — Environmental review

1338. §4227 — Regulations

1339. §4228 — Affordable housing activities

1340. §4229 — Eligible affordable housing activities

1341. §4230 — Program requirements

1342. §4231 — Types of investments

1343. §4232 — Low-income requirement and income targeting

1344. §4233 — Lease requirements and tenant selection

1345. §4234 — Repayment

1346. §4235 — Annual allocation

1347. §4236 — Allocation formula

1348. §4237 — Remedies for noncompliance

1349. §4238 — Monitoring of compliance

1350. §4239 — Performance reports

1351. §4240 — Review and audit by Secretary

1352. §4241 — Government Accountability Office audits

1353. §4242 — Reports to Congress

1354. §4243 — Authorization of appropriations

1355. §4301 — Findings; purposes

1356. §4302 — Definitions

1357. §4303 — Office of Native American Business Development

1358. §4304 — Native American trade and export promotion

1359. §4305 — Intertribal tourism demonstration projects

1360. §4306 — Report to Congress

1361. § 4306a. Indian community development initiatives

1362. Section 4 of the Indian Tribal Regulatory Reform and Business Development Act of 2000 ( 25 U.S.C. 4301 note), referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is section 4 of Pub. L. 106–447 , which is set out as a note under section 4301 of this title .

1363. §4307 — Authorization of appropriations

1364. §4351 — Purposes

1365. §4352 — Definitions

1366. §4353 — Integrating Federal tourism assets to strengthen Native tourism opportunities

1367. §4354 — Native American tourism and branding enhancement

1368. §4355 — Effect

1369. §5101 — Allotment of land on Indian reservations

1370. §5102 — Existing periods of trust and restrictions on alienation extended

1371. §5103 — Restoration of lands to tribal ownership

1372. §5104 — Exchanges of land

1373. §5105 — Title to lands

1374. §5106 — Use of funds appropriated under section 5108

1375. §5107 — Transfer and exchange of restricted Indian lands and shares of Indian tribes and corporations

1376. §5108 — Acquisition of lands, water rights or surface rights; appropriation; title to lands; tax exemption

1377. §5109 — Indian forestry units; rules and regulations

1378. §5110 — New Indian reservations

1379. §5111 — Allotments or holdings outside of reservations

1380. §5112 — Indian corporations; appropriation for organizing

1381. §5113 — Revolving fund; appropriation for loans

1382. §5114 — Interest charges covered into revolving fund

1383. §5115 — Vocational and trade schools; appropriation for tuition

1384. §5116 — Standards for Indians appointed to Indian Office

1385. §5117 — Indian preference laws applicable to Bureau of Indian Affairs and Indian Health Service positions

1386. §5117 — Section 2011(f) of this title , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was in the original a reference to section 1131 of the Education Amendments of 1978, Pub. L. 95–561 , meaning section 1131 of Pub. L. 95–561 prior to the general amendments of chapter 22 (§ 2000 et seq.) of this title by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 381 , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3979 , and Pub. L. 107–110, title X, § 1042 , Jan. 8, 2002 , 115 Stat. 2007 . As added by Pub. L. 107–110 , section 1131 of Pub. L. 95–561 relates to policy for Indian control of Indian education and is classified to section 2011 of this title . Provisions relating to waivers of education personnel actions are now contained in section 2012(f) of this title .

1387. §5118 — Application generally

1388. §5119 — Application to Alaska

1389. §5120 — Continuation of allowances

1390. §5120 — Section 17 of the Act of March 2, 1889 , referred to in text, probably means section 17 of act Mar. 2, 1889, ch. 405 , 25 Stat. 894 , which is not classified to the Code.

1391. §5120 — Section 19 of the Act of May 29, 1908 , referred to in text, probably means section 19 of act May 29, 1908, ch. 216 , 35 Stat. 451 , which is not classified to the Code.

1392. §5121 — Claims or suits of Indian tribes against United States; rights unimpaired

1393. §5122 — Offsets of gratuities

1394. §5123 — Organization of Indian tribes; constitution and bylaws and amendment thereof; special election

1395. §5124 — Incorporation of Indian tribes; charter; ratification by election

1396. §5125 — Acceptance optional

1397. §5126 — Mandatory application of sections 5102 and 5124

1398. §5127 — Procedure

1399. §5128 — Application of laws and treaties

1400. §5129 — Definitions

1401. §5130 — Definitions

1402. §5131 — Publication of list of recognized tribes

1403. §5132 — Indians eligible for loans

1404. §5133 — Revolving fund; loans; regulations

1405. §5134 — Sale of land by individual Indian owners

1406. §5135 — Mortgages and deeds of trust by individual Indian owners; removal from trust or restricted status; application to Secretary

1407. §5136 — Loans to purchasers of highly fractioned land

1408. §5137 — Removal of duplicative appraisals

1409. §5138 — Title in trust to United States

1410. §5139 — Tribal rights and privileges in connection with loans

1411. §5140 — Mortgaged property governed by State law

1412. §5141 — Interest rates and taxes

1413. §5141 — Section 341 of that Act is set out as a note under section 1921 of Title 7 .

1414. §5142 — Reduction of unpaid principal

1415. §5142 — Section 333B of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act ( 7 U.S.C. 1983b ), referred to in subsec. (c), probably means section 333B of Pub. L. 87–128 , as added by Pub. L. 99–198, title XIII, § 1313(a) , Dec. 23, 1985 , 99 Stat. 1525 , and amended, which related to appeals from adverse decisions under the Act, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–354, title II, § 281(c) , Oct. 13, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3233 , and enactment of a new section 333B of Pub. L. 87–128 by Pub. L. 110–234, title V, § 5301 , May 22, 2008 , 122 Stat. 1147 , and Pub. L. 110–246, title V, § 5301 , June 18, 2008 , 122 Stat. 1908 , which established a beginning farmers’ pilot program.

1416. §5143 — Authorization of appropriations

1417. §5144 — Certification of rental proceeds

1418. §5201 — Acquisition of agricultural and grazing lands for Indians; title to lands; tax exemption

1419. §5202 — Purchase of restricted Indian lands; preference to Secretary of the Interior; waiver of preference

1420. §5203 — Organization of tribes or bands; constitution; charter; right to participate in revolving credit fund

1421. §5204 — Cooperative associations; charter; purposes; voting rights

1422. §5205 — Amendment or revocation of charters; suits by and against associations

1423. §5206 — Loans to individuals and groups; appropriation

1424. §5207 — Availability and allocation of funds; royalties from mineral deposits

1425. §5208 — Application of provisions to Osage County

1426. §5209 — Rules and regulations; repeals

1427. §5210 — Payment of gross production taxes; method

1428. §5301 — Congressional statement of findings

1429. §5301 — Sec. 2. Consultation Principles . Tribal consultation is a two-way, Nation-to-Nation exchange of information and dialogue between official representatives of the United States and of Tribal Nations regarding Federal policies that have Tribal implications. Consultation recognizes Tribal sovereignty and the Nation-to-Nation relationship between the United Stat

1430. §5301 — Sec. 2. Definitions . For purposes of this order:

1431. §5301 — Sec. 2. Definitions . The terms “Tribal officials,” “policies that have Tribal implications,” and “agency” as used in this memorandum are as defined in Executive Order 13175.

1432. §5301 — Sec. 3. Agency Coordination on Better Supporting Tribal Nations and Identifying Opportunities for Reform . Agencies shall work with the White House Council on Native American Affairs (WHCNAA) to coordinate implementation of this order, share leading practices, and identify potential opportunities for Federal policy reforms that would promote accessible, equitable, and flexible administration of Federal funding and support programs for Tribal Nations. The WHCNAA shall assist agencies in coordinating the Tribal consultations required by section 4 of this order to minimize the burden on Tribal Nations in participating.

1433. §5301 — Sec. 3. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1434. §5301 — Sec. 4. Embracing Our Trust Responsibilities by Assessing Unmet Federal Obligations to Support Tribal Nations . The Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and the Assistant to the President and Domestic Policy Advisor (Domestic Policy Advisor) shall lead an effort, in collaboration with WHCNAA, to identify chronic shortfalls in Federal funding and support programs for Tribal Nations, and shall submit recommendations to the President describing the additional funding and programming necessary to better live up to the Federal Government’s trust responsibilities and help address the needs of all Tribal Nations, as follows:

1435. §5301 — Sec. 4. Publication . The Director of OMB is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

1436. §5301 — Sec. 5. Agency Actions to Increase the Accessibility, Equity, Flexibility, and Utility of Federal Funding and Support Programs for Tribal Nations . Agency heads shall take the following actions to increase the accessibility, equity, flexibility, and utility of Federal funding and support programs for Tribal Nations, while increasing the transparency and efficiency of Federal funding processes to better live up to the Federal Government’s trust responsibilities and support Tribal self-determination:

1437. §5301 — Sec. 6. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

1438. §5301 — Section 1. Background . The United States has a unique, legally affirmed Nation-to-Nation relationship with American Indian and Alaska Native Tribal Nations, which is recognized under the Constitution of the United States, treaties, statutes, Executive Orders, and court decisions. The United States recognizes the right of Tribal governments to self-govern and supports Tribal sovereignty and self-determination. The United States also has a unique trust relationship with and responsibility to protect and support Tribal Nations. In recognition of this unique legal relationship, and to strengthen the government-to-government relationship, Executive Order 13175 of November 6, 2000 (Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments) [set out above], charges all executive departments and agencies (agencies) with engaging in regular, meaningful, and robust consultation with Tribal officials in the development of Federal policies that have Tribal implications. Executive Order 13175 also sets forth fundamental principles and policymaking criteria.

1439. §5301 — Section 1. Consultation . My Administration is committed to honoring Tribal sovereignty and including Tribal voices in policy deliberation that affects Tribal communities. The Federal Government has much to learn from Tribal Nations and strong communication is fundamental to a constructive relationship. Accordingly, I hereby direct as follows:

1440. §5301 — Section 1. Definitions . For purposes of this order:

1441. §5301 — Section 1. Policy . My Administration is committed to protecting and supporting Tribal sovereignty and self-determination, and to honoring our trust and treaty obligations to Tribal Nations. We recognize the right of Tribal Nations to self-determination, and that Federal support for Tribal self-determination has been the most effective policy for the economic growth of Tribal Nations and the economic well-being of Tribal citizens. Federal policies of past eras, including termination, relocation, and assimilation, collectively represented attacks on Tribal sovereignty and did lasting damage to Tribal communities, Tribal economies, and the institutions of Tribal governance. By contrast, the self-determination policies of the last 50 years—whereby the Federal Government has worked with Tribal Nations to promote and support Tribal self-governance and the growth of Tribal institutions—have revitalized Tribal economies, rebuilt Tribal governments, and begun to heal the relationship between Tribal Nations and the United States.

1442. §5301 — Section 1. Policy . The United States recognizes a government-to-government relationship, as well as a unique legal and political relationship, with federally recognized tribes. This relationship is set forth in the Constitution of the United States, treaties, statutes, Executive Orders, administrative rules and regulations, and judicial decisions. Honoring these relationships and respecting the sovereignty of tribal nations is critical to advancing tribal self-determination and prosperity.

1443. §5302 — Congressional declaration of policy

1444. §5303 — Tribal and Federal advisory committees

1445. §5304 — Definitions

1446. §5305 — Reporting and audit requirements for recipients of Federal financial assistance

1447. §5305 — Section 5325(a)(3) of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed and a new subsec. (a)(3) of section 5325 was added by Pub. L. 103–413, title I, § 102(14)(C) , Oct. 25, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4257 . See section 5325(a)(4) of this title .

1448. §5306 — Criminal activities involving grants, contracts, etc.; penalties

1449. §5307 — Wage and labor standards

1450. §5308 — Grant and cooperative agreements

1451. §5308 — Section 5321 of this title , referred to in text, was in the original “sections 102 and 103 of this Act”, and was translated as meaning section 102 of Pub. L. 93–638 because section 103(a) and (b) and the first sentence of section 103(c) of Pub. L. 93–638 were repealed and the remainder of section 103 of Pub. L. 93–638 was redesignated as section 102(d) by Pub. L. 100–472, title II, § 201(b)(1) , Oct. 5, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2289 .

1452. §5309 — Use of excess funds

1453. §5310 — Investment of advance payments; restrictions

1454. §5321 — Section 101(a) of the PROGRESS for Indian Tribes Act, referred to in subsec. (g), is section 101(a) of Pub. L. 116–180 , which is set out as a note under section 5361 of this title .

1455. §5321 — Self-determination contracts

1456. §5322 — Grants to tribal organizations or tribes

1457. §5322 — Section 103 of this Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), probably means former section 103 of Pub. L. 93–638 , which was classified to former section 450g of this title , prior to repeal in part and transfer in part to former section 450f(d) of this title by Pub. L. 100–472, title II, § 201(b)(1) , Oct. 5, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2289 , and editorial reclassification and renumbering of former section 450f(d) as section 5321(d) of this title . See Prior Provisions note below.

1458. §5323 — Retention of Federal employee coverage, rights and benefits by employees of tribal organizations

1459. §5323 — Section 1. The Office of Personnel Management is hereby designated and empowered to exercise, without approval, ratification, or other action by the President, but after consultation with the Department of the Interior and the Department of Health and Human Services, the authority vested in the President by Section 105(i) of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act [ 25 U.S.C. 5323(i) ] (hereinafter referred to as the Act), to issue regulations necessary to carry out the provisions of subsections (e)(2), (e)(3), (e)(4), (f), (g) and (h) of section 105 of the act [ 25 U.S.C. 5323(e)(2) , (3), (4), (f), (g), (h)], to carry out the provisions of subsection (e)(1) of section 105 of the act [ 25 U.S.C. 5323(e)(1) ] pertains to section 8151 of title 5 of the United States Code, and to protect and assure any other civil service employment rights which it finds appropriate.

1460. §5324 — Contract or grant provisions and administration

1461. §5324 — Section 13 of the Act of Oct. 3, 1944 ( 58 Stat. 770 ; chapter 479), referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(C)(ii)(V), is act Oct. 3, 1944, ch. 479, § 13 , 58 Stat. 770 , which is set out as a note under section 545 of Title 40 , Public Buildings, Property, and Works.

1462. §5324 — Section 314 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1991, referred to in subsec. (m)(1)(B), is section 314 of Pub. L. 101–512 , which is set out as a note under section 5321 of this title .

1463. §5324 — Section 9(c) of the Act of Aug. 2, 1946 , referred to in subsec. (a)(3)(C)(ii)(III), was section 9(c) of act Aug. 2, 1946, ch. 744 , 60 Stat. 809 , which amended section 5 of former Title 41, Public Contracts, and was repealed by Pub. L. 111–350, § 7(b) , Jan. 4, 2011 , 124 Stat. 3855 , which Act enacted Title 41, Public Contracts.

1464. §5325 — Contract funding and indirect costs

1465. §5326 — Indian Health Service: availability of funds for Indian self-determination or self-governance contract or grant support costs

1466. §5327 — Department of the Interior: availability of funds for Indian self-determination or self-governance contract or grant support costs

1467. §5328 — Rules and regulations

1468. §5329 — Contract or grant specifications

1469. §5329 — Section 16 of the Act of June 18, 1934 , referred to in section 1(b)(15)(A) of the provisions of subsec. (c) setting out the model agreement, is section 16 of act June 18, 1934, ch. 576 , 48 Stat. 987 , which was classified to section 476 of this title prior to editorial reclassification as section 5123 of this title .

1470. §5330 — Rescission of contract or grant and assumption of control of program, etc.; authority; grounds; procedure; correction of violation as prerequisite to new contract or grant agreement; construction with occupational safety and health requirements

1471. §5331 — Chapter 71 of title 41 shall apply to self-determination contracts, except that all administrative appeals relating to such contracts shall be heard by the Interior Board of Contract Appeals established pursuant to section 8 of such Act ( 41 U.S.C. 607 ). 2 2 See References in Text note below.

1472. §5331 — Contract disputes and claims

1473. §5332 — Sovereign immunity and trusteeship rights unaffected

1474. §5341 — Donations for Indians; use of gifts; annual report to Congress

1475. §5342 — Contracts for education, medical attention, relief and social welfare of Indians

1476. §5343 — Use of Government property by States and Territories

1477. §5344 — Rules and regulations; minimum standards of service

1478. §5345 — Contracts for education in public schools; submission of education plan by contractor as prerequisite; criteria for approval of plan by Secretary of the Interior; participation by non-Indian students

1479. §5346 — Local committee of Indian parents in school districts having school boards composed of non-Indian majority

1480. §5347 — Reimbursement to school districts for educating non-resident students

1481. §5348 — Computation of student count

1482. §5351 — School construction, acquisition, or renovation contracts

1483. §5351 — Section 644 of title 20 , referred to in subsecs. (b) and (f)(5), was repealed by Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 331(a) , Oct. 20, 1994 , 108 Stat. 3965 .

1484. §5352 — General education contract and grant provisions and requirements; school district quality and standards of excellence

1485. §5353 — Availability of funds to agencies, institutions, and organizations

1486. §5354 — Rules and regulations

1487. §5355 — Eligibility for funds of tribe or tribal organization controlling or managing private schools

1488. §5356 — Supplemental assistance to funds provided to local educational agencies

1489. §5361 — Definitions

1490. §5362 — Tribal Self-Governance Program

1491. §5363 — Funding agreements

1492. §5363 — Title III of this Act, referred to in subsecs. (g)(2) and ( l ), is title III of Pub. L. 93–638 , as added by Pub. L. 100–472, title II, § 209 , Oct. 5, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2296 , which was set out as a note under former section 450f of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 106–260, § 10 , Aug. 18, 2000 , 114 Stat. 734 .

1493. §5364 — Compacts

1494. §5365 — General provisions

1495. §5366 — Provisions relating to the Secretary

1496. §5366 — Section 101(a) of the PROGRESS for Indian Tribes Act, referred to in subsec. (i), is section 101(a) of Pub. L. 116–180 , which is set out as a note under section 5361 of this title .

1497. §5367 — Construction programs and projects

1498. §5368 — Chapter 39 of title 31 shall apply to the transfer of funds due under a compact or funding agreement authorized under this subchapter.

1499. §5368 — Payment

1500. §5368 — Section 101(a) of the PROGRESS for Indian Tribes Act, referred to in subsec. (n), is section 101(a) of Pub. L. 116–180 , which is set out as a note under section 5361 of this title .

1501. §5369 — Facilitation

1502. §5369 — Section 101(a) of the PROGRESS for Indian Tribes Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 101(a) of Pub. L. 116–180 , which is set out as a note under section 5361 of this title .

1503. §5370 — Discretionary application of other sections

1504. §5371 — Annual budget list

1505. §5372 — Reports

1506. §5373 — Regulations

1507. §5373 — Section 101(a) of the PROGRESS for Indian Tribes Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is section 101(a) of Pub. L. 116–180 , which is set out as a note under section 5361 of this title .

1508. §5374 — Effect of circulars, policies, manuals, guidance, and rules

1509. §5375 — Appeals

1510. §5376 — Application of other provisions

1511. §5376 — Section 314 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1991 ( Public Law 101–512 ; 104 Stat. 1959 ), shall apply to compacts and funding agreements entered into under this subchapter.

1512. §5376 — Section 314 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1991, referred to in text, is section 314 of Pub. L. 101–512 , which is set out as a note under section 5321 of this title .

1513. §5377 — Authorization of appropriations

1514. §5381 — Definitions

1515. §5382 — Establishment

1516. §5383 — Selection of participating Indian tribes

1517. §5383 — Title III, referred to in subsec. (a), means title III of Pub. L. 93–638 , as added by Pub. L. 100–472, title II, § 209 , Oct. 5, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2296 , which was set out as a note under former section 450f of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 106–260, § 10 , Aug. 18, 2000 , 114 Stat. 734 .

1518. §5384 — Compacts

1519. §5384 — Title III, referred to in subsec. (c), means title III of Pub. L. 93–638 , as added by Pub. L. 100–472, title II, § 209 , Oct. 5, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2296 , and amended, which was set out as a note under former section 450f of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 106–260, § 10 , Aug. 18, 2000 , 114 Stat. 734 .

1520. §5385 — Funding agreements

1521. §5385 — Title III, referred to in subsec. (f), means title III of Pub. L. 93–638 , as added by Pub. L. 100–472, title II, § 209 , Oct. 5, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2296 , which was set out as a note under former section 450f of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 106–260, § 10 , Aug. 18, 2000 , 114 Stat. 734 .

1522. §5386 — General provisions

1523. §5387 — Provisions relating to the Secretary

1524. §5387 — Section 3 of the Tribal Self-Governance Amendments of 2000, referred to in subsec. (e), is section 3 of Pub. L. 106–260 , which is set out as a note under section 5381 of this title .

1525. §5388 — Chapter 39 of title 31 shall apply to the transfer of funds due under a compact or funding agreement authorized under this subchapter.

1526. §5388 — Transfer of funds

1527. §5389 — Construction projects

1528. §5390 — Federal procurement laws and regulations

1529. §5391 — Civil actions

1530. §5391 — Section 81 of this title and section 5123 of this title , shall not apply to attorney and other professional contracts entered into by Indian tribes participating in self-governance under this subchapter.

1531. §5392 — Facilitation

1532. §5392 — Title III, referred to in subsec. (c), means title III of Pub. L. 93–638 , as added by Pub. L. 100–472, title II, § 209 , Oct. 5, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2296 , which was set out as a note under former section 450f of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 106–260, § 10 , Aug. 18, 2000 , 114 Stat. 734 .

1533. §5393 — Budget request

1534. §5394 — Reports

1535. §5395 — Disclaimers

1536. §5396 — Application of other sections of this chapter

1537. §5396 — Section 314 of Pub. L. 101–512 , referred to in subsec. (a), is section 314 of Pub. L. 101–512 , which is set out as a note under section 5321 of this title .

1538. §5397 — Regulations

1539. §5398 — Appeals

1540. §5399 — Authorization of appropriations

1541. §5411 — Definitions

1542. §5412 — Indian Law Enforcement Foundation

1543. §5413 — Administrative services and support

1544. §5421 — National Fund for Excellence in American Indian Education

1545. §5422 — Administrative services and support

1546. §5423 — Definitions

1547. §5501 — Section 203 of the Act of July 3, 1958 , referred to in subsec. (b), is section 203 of Pub. L. 85–500 , July 3, 1958 , 72 Stat. 311 , which was not classified to the Code.

1548. §5501 — Section 4 of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act, fiscal year 1941, referred to in subsec. (c), is act June 26, 1940, ch. 432, § 4 , 54 Stat. 617 , which was not classified to the Code.

1549. §5501 — Section 5 of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1939, referred to in subsec. (c), is act June 30, 1939, ch. 252, § 5 , 53 Stat. 930 , which was not classified to the Code.

1550. §5501 — Section 55 of the Act of August 24, 1935 , referred to in subsec. (a), is act Aug. 24, 1935, ch. 641, § 55 , 49 Stat. 781 , which was not classified to the Code but was listed in the Supplementary Legislation note under section 721 of Title 15 .

1551. §5501 — Submarginal lands of United States held in trust for specified Indian tribes

1552. §5502 — Designation of tribes

1553. §5503 — Submarginal lands of United States held in trust for Stockbridge Munsee Indian Community

1554. §5504 — Existing rights of possession, contract, interest, etc.

1555. §5505 — Gross receipts from conveyed lands

1556. §5505 — Section 1 of the Act of October 13, 1972 , referred to in subsec. (a), is section 1 of Pub. L. 92–488 , Oct. 13, 1972 , 86 Stat. 806 , which was not classified to the Code.

1557. §5506 — Tax exemption for conveyed lands and gross receipts; distribution of gross receipts to tribal members

1558. §5601 — Findings

1559. §5602 — Reaffirmation of policy

1560. §5611 — Definitions

1561. §5612 — Establishment of demonstration project; selection of participating Indian tribes

1562. §5613 — Indian trust asset management plan

1563. §5614 — Forest land management and surface leasing activities

1564. §5615 — Effect of subchapter

1565. §5631 — Purpose

1566. §5632 — Definitions

1567. §5633 — Under Secretary for Indian Affairs

1568. §5634 — Office of Special Trustee for American Indians

1569. §5635 — Appraisals and valuations

1570. §5636 — Cost savings

1571. §5701 — Purposes

1572. §5702 — Definitions

1573. §5703 — Improving Tribal access to databases

1574. §5704 — Guidelines for responding to cases of missing or murdered Indians

1575. §5705 — Annual reporting requirements

1576. §5801 — Findings

1577. §5802 — Definitions

1578. §5803 — Establishment of program

1579. §5804 — Regulations

1580. §5805 — Schools to business incubator pipeline

1581. §5806 — Agency partnerships

1582. §5807 — Authorizations of appropriations

Title 26 — Tax

1. §4131 — Imposition of tax

2. §5861 — Prohibited acts It shall be unlawful for any person-

3. §6321 — Lien for taxes If any person liable to pay any tax neglects or refuses to pay the same after demand, the amount (including any interest, additional amount, addition to tax, or assessable penalty, together with any costs that may accrue in addition thereto) shall be a lien in favor of the United States upon all property and rights to property, whether real or personal, belonging to such person. (Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 779 .)

4. §6323 — Validity and priority against certain persons

5. §6331 — Levy and distraint

6. §6501 — Limitations on assessment and collection

7. §7122 — Compromises

8. §7403 — Action to enforce lien or to subject property to payment of tax

9. §7805 — Rules and regulations

Chapter 1

1. §1 — Tax imposed

   This section of the U.S. Code outlines the tax rates imposed on various categories of taxpayers, including married individuals, heads of households, unmarried individuals, and estates and trusts. It also details provisions for inflation adjustments to these tax tables, special rules for taxing the unearned income of children, and the maximum tax rates applicable to capital gains.

2. §11 — Tax imposed

   This section imposes a tax on the taxable income of every corporation at a rate of 21 percent, with exceptions for certain entities like mutual savings banks, insurance companies, and regulated investment companies. It also specifies that for foreign corporations, the tax applies as provided by section 882.

3. §21 — Expenses for household and dependent care services necessary for gainful employment

   This section establishes a tax credit for expenses related to household and dependent care services, defining qualifying individuals and employment-related expenses, and setting dollar limits and earned income limitations. It also includes special rules for married couples, divorced parents, and provides specific adjustments for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020, and before January 1, 2022.

4. §24 — Child tax credit

   This section outlines the child tax credit, including eligibility for qualifying children and limitations based on adjusted gross income. It details rules for refundable portions of the credit, social security taxes, identification requirements, and special provisions for prior improper claims and for taxable years beginning after 2017, as well as inflation adjustments and reconciliation with advance payments.

5. §32 — Earned income

   This section establishes the earned income tax credit for eligible individuals, outlining the percentages and amounts based on qualifying children and income levels. It defines eligibility criteria, earned income, and qualifying child, and includes special rules for married individuals, military personnel, and taxpayers with excessive investment income, along with provisions for inflation adjustments and restrictions on improper claims.

6. §55 — Alternative minimum tax imposed

   This section imposes an alternative minimum tax (AMT) on both noncorporate and corporate taxpayers, calculated as the excess of the tentative minimum tax over the regular tax, and defines the components and adjustments used in its calculation, including exemption amounts and specific rules for certain taxpayers.

7. §61 — Gross income defined

   This section broadly defines gross income for federal tax purposes as all income from whatever source derived, providing a non-exhaustive list of specific examples such as compensation, business income, interest, rents, and dividends. It also includes cross-references to other parts of the subtitle concerning specific inclusions and exclusions from gross income.

8. §62 — Adjusted gross income defined

   This section defines "adjusted gross income" for individuals as gross income minus specific enumerated deductions, which include trade or business deductions, certain employee expenses, losses from property sales, deductions related to rents and royalties, and various other specific deductions like those for retirement savings, moving expenses, and costs involving discrimination suits. It also provides detailed definitions and special rules for qualified performing artists, eligible educators, and unlawful discrimination.

9. §63 — Taxable income defined

   This section defines "taxable income" as gross income minus allowable deductions, differentiating between individuals who itemize and those who take the standard deduction. It details the components of the standard deduction, including basic and additional amounts for the aged and blind, adjustments for inflation, and special rules for certain individuals not eligible for the standard deduction.

10. §67 — 2-percent floor on miscellaneous itemized deductions

    This section establishes a 2-percent floor on miscellaneous itemized deductions for individuals, meaning such deductions are only allowed to the extent they exceed 2 percent of adjusted gross income. It defines what constitutes "miscellaneous itemized deductions" by listing numerous exclusions and provides special rules for pass-through entities, impairment-related work expenses, estates and trusts, and educator expenses, noting that these deductions are suspended for taxable years beginning after 2017.

11. §68 — Overall limitation on itemized deductions

    This section outlines the overall limitation on itemized deductions for individuals, stipulating that the allowable amount of such deductions is reduced by 2/37 of the lesser of the total itemized deductions or the amount by which taxable income exceeds the 37 percent rate bracket under section 1. It also clarifies that this limitation is applied after any other restrictions on itemized deductions.

12. §101 — Certain death benefits

    This section of the Internal Revenue Code specifies which death benefits, primarily proceeds from life insurance contracts, are excluded from gross income. It also outlines exceptions and special rules for various situations, including transfers for valuable consideration, accelerated death benefits, survivor benefits for public safety officers, and employer-owned life insurance contracts.

13. §104 — Compensation for injuries or sickness

    This section of the Internal Revenue Code specifies various types of compensation for injuries or sickness that are excluded from gross income, including workers' compensation, damages for physical injuries, and certain disability payments. It also provides rules for the termination of some exclusions and the application of prior law regarding punitive damages.

14. §108 — Income from discharge of indebtedness

    This section outlines the rules for excluding income from the discharge of indebtedness under various circumstances, such as bankruptcy, insolvency, or qualified farm and principal residence indebtedness. It also details the mandatory reduction of tax attributes and provides specific provisions for different types of indebtedness, including student loans and reacquired business debt instruments.

15. §121 — Exclusion of gain from sale of principal residence

    This section details the exclusion of gain from the sale or exchange of a principal residence, outlining ownership and use requirements, monetary limitations for single and joint filers, and rules for nonqualified use. It also includes special provisions for surviving spouses, involuntary conversions, and members of the uniformed services, Foreign Service, and intelligence community.

16. §151 — Allowance of deductions for personal exemptions

    This section outlines the allowance of deductions for personal exemptions, detailing exemptions for taxpayers, spouses, and dependents, along with the calculation and potential phase-out of the exemption amount. It also includes special rules for taxable years beginning after 2017, introducing a deduction for seniors and requiring identifying information for exemptions.

17. §152 — Dependent defined

    This section defines a 'dependent' for tax purposes as either a 'qualifying child' or a 'qualifying relative,' and outlines the specific criteria for each. It includes exceptions for individuals filing joint returns or who are not U.S. citizens/residents, and provides special rules for divorced parents and missing children.

18. §162 — Trade or business expenses

    This section details the deductibility of ordinary and necessary expenses incurred in carrying on any trade or business, including salaries, travel, and rentals. It outlines various exceptions and limitations, such as those for charitable contributions, illegal payments, lobbying expenses, fines and penalties, and certain executive compensation, while also providing special rules for specific professions and situations.

19. §163 — Interest

    This section of the Internal Revenue Code details the deductibility of various types of interest, outlining a general rule for interest paid or accrued on indebtedness, specific provisions for installment purchases, and limitations on investment interest. It further addresses original issue discount, restrictions on interest deductions for unregistered obligations, and disallowance of deductions for personal and business interest, along with related definitions and exceptions.

20. §164 — Taxes

    This section of the Internal Revenue Code establishes rules for deducting various taxes, including state, local, and foreign real property, personal property, and income taxes. It details special provisions for installment purchases, limits on investment interest, treatment of original issue discount, restrictions on unregistered obligations, and disallowances for personal and business interest.

21. §165 — Losses

    This section of the Internal Revenue Code details the deductibility of various types of losses, including general losses not compensated by insurance, limitations on individual losses (trade or business, for-profit transactions, and casualty/theft losses), and specific rules for wagering losses, theft losses, capital losses, and worthless securities. It also provides extensive provisions for the treatment of casualty gains and losses, disaster losses, and losses in insolvent financial institutions, along with cross-references to other relevant sections.

22. §166 — Bad debts

    This section of the Internal Revenue Code provides rules for deducting bad debts, allowing deductions for debts that become wholly or partially worthless within the taxable year. It distinguishes between business and nonbusiness debts for tax purposes and specifies that it generally does not apply to debts evidenced by certain securities.

23. §167 — Depreciation

    This section of the Internal Revenue Code details the general rules for depreciation deductions, including the allowance for exhaustion, wear, tear, and obsolescence of property used in trade or business or for income production. It covers the basis for depreciation, rules for life tenants and trust beneficiaries, non-depreciable term interests, treatment of certain property excluded from section 197, the income forecast method, amortization of geological and geophysical expenditures, and various cross-references.

24. §168 — Accelerated cost recovery system

    This section establishes the Accelerated Cost Recovery System (ACRS) for determining depreciation deductions for tangible property, outlining applicable methods, recovery periods, and conventions. It provides detailed classifications of property, rules for tax-exempt use property, and special allowances for qualified property, second-generation biofuel plant property, reuse and recycling property, and qualified production property.

25. §170 — Charitable, etc., contributions and gifts

    This section of the U.S. Code outlines the rules for deducting charitable contributions and gifts for individuals and corporations, including general allowances, percentage limitations based on donor and recipient types, and specific definitions of what constitutes a charitable contribution. It also details various special rules for contributions of different property types, carryovers of excess contributions, substantiation requirements, and disallowed deductions.

26. §172 — Net operating loss deduction

    This section details the net operating loss (NOL) deduction allowed for taxable years, outlining carryback and carryover periods for NOLs, including special rules for farming losses and insurance companies. It also defines how net operating losses are computed, specifying various modifications related to capital gains/losses, nonbusiness deductions, and real estate investment trusts.

27. §179 — Election to expense certain depreciable business assets

    This section outlines the election allowing taxpayers to expense the cost of certain depreciable business assets, rather than capitalize them. It details limitations on the amount that can be expensed, special rules for passenger vehicles and inflation adjustments, and provides definitions for eligible property and related terms.

28. §199A. Qualified business income

    This section establishes a deduction for qualified business income for taxpayers other than corporations, calculating it as the lesser of the combined qualified business income amount or a percentage of taxable income. It details complex rules for determining this amount, including limitations based on W-2 wages and qualified property, specific definitions for qualified trades or businesses, and special provisions for agricultural cooperatives and anti-abuse measures.

29. §212 — Expenses for production of income In the case of an individual, there shall be allowed as a deduction all the ordinary and necessary expenses paid or incurred during the taxable year-

    This section allows individuals to deduct ordinary and necessary expenses incurred during the taxable year for the production or collection of income, for the management, conservation, or maintenance of property held for income production, or in connection with tax determination, collection, or refund.

30. §213 — Medical, dental, etc., expenses

    This section allows a deduction for medical and dental expenses exceeding 7.5 percent of adjusted gross income, outlines rules for prescribed medicines, and special provisions for expenses paid after a decedent's death. It also defines medical care, special rules for lodging, cosmetic surgery, long-term care premiums, and certain payments to relatives.

31. §219 — Retirement savings

    This section outlines the deduction for qualified retirement contributions, specifying maximum deductible amounts, special rules for employer contributions and certain retirement plans, and limitations for active participants in other pension plans. It also includes provisions for spousal IRAs, other limitations, and definitions related to retirement savings.

32. §267 — Losses, expenses, and interest with respect to transactions between related taxpayers

    This section disallows deductions for losses from property sales or exchanges between related taxpayers and mandates matching for expenses and interest between such parties. It defines various relationships for these rules, outlines constructive ownership of stock, and provides special rules for pass-through entities and controlled groups, along with coordination for transfers between spouses or incident to divorce.

33. §274 — Disallowance of certain entertainment, etc., expenses

    This section outlines the disallowance of deductions for certain entertainment, amusement, recreation, and gift expenses, establishing various exceptions and substantiation requirements. It also includes specific rules for foreign travel, luxury water transportation, employee achievement awards, business meals, and the 50 percent limitation on meal expenses.

34. §279 — Interest on indebtedness incurred by corporation to acquire stock or assets of another corporation

35. §301 — Distributions of property

    This section outlines the tax treatment of property distributions made by a corporation to its shareholders, specifying how the amount distributed is determined and how it is recognized as dividend income, a reduction of basis, or gain from the sale or exchange of property. It also includes special rules for distributions received by 20 percent corporate shareholders and cross-references to other relevant sections.

36. §316 — Dividend defined

    This section defines the term 'dividend' for the purposes of this subtitle, primarily as distributions of property by a corporation from its accumulated or current earnings and profits. It also details special rules and exceptions for dividends from certain insurance companies, personal holding companies, regulated investment companies, and real estate investment trusts.

37. §351 — Transfer to corporation controlled by transferor

    This section outlines the general rule for non-recognition of gain or loss on property transfers to a controlled corporation in exchange for stock, along with specific exceptions and rules for situations involving additional property, special distributions, non-property considerations, investment companies, Title 11 cases, and nonqualified preferred stock.

38. §368 — Definitions relating to corporate reorganizations

    This section defines various types of corporate reorganizations (A, B, C, D, E, F, G) for tax purposes, outlining conditions for each, including rules for stock exchanges, asset transfers, mergers, and recapitalizations. It also provides special rules for transactions involving investment companies and those occurring in Title 11 bankruptcy cases, along with a definition of 'control' for reorganization purposes.

39. §401 — Qualified pension, profit-sharing, and stock bonus plans

    This section details the requirements for trusts to be considered qualified pension, profit-sharing, and stock bonus plans under the Internal Revenue Code, covering aspects such as contributions, non-discrimination, required distributions, assignment and alienation, and special rules for cash or deferred arrangements and self-employed individuals.

40. §402 — Taxability of beneficiary of employees' trust

    This section details the taxability of beneficiaries of employees' trusts, outlining rules for distributions from both exempt and non-exempt trusts. It also covers rules applicable to rollovers from exempt trusts, including eligibility, time limits, and special considerations for certain distributions, as well as limitations on exclusion for elective deferrals.

41. §408 — Individual retirement accounts

    This section outlines the legal framework for individual retirement accounts (IRAs), including their definition, rules for contributions and distributions, and tax treatment. It also details provisions for Simplified Employee Pensions (SEPs) and Simple Retirement Accounts (SAR-SEPs), covering eligibility, employer contributions, employee elections, and special rules for certain transactions like rollovers and distributions for charitable purposes or health savings accounts.

42. §409A. Inclusion in gross income of deferred compensation under nonqualified deferred compensation plans

    This section outlines rules for the inclusion of deferred compensation under nonqualified deferred compensation plans in gross income, detailing conditions for plan failures, permissible distribution events, restrictions on acceleration of benefits, and election timing requirements. It also addresses funding rules related to offshore trusts and employer financial health, along with various definitions and regulatory authority.

43. §501 — Exemption from tax on corporations, certain trusts, etc.

    This section details the conditions under which various organizations, including certain corporations, trusts, and associations, are exempt from federal income taxation, outlining specific criteria for different types of tax-exempt entities and related rules concerning unrelated business income, lobbying, and credit counseling services.

44. §511 — Imposition of tax on unrelated business income of charitable, etc., organizations

    This section outlines the imposition of tax on the unrelated business income of charitable organizations, trusts, and state colleges/universities, specifying how the tax is computed and which types of organizations are subject to it.

45. §527 — Political organizations

46. §1001 — Determination of amount of and recognition of gain or loss

    This section of the Internal Revenue Code defines the method for computing gain or loss from the sale or disposition of property, outlining what constitutes "amount realized" and when such gain or loss is recognized. It also provides specific rules for installment sales and the treatment of term interests in property.

47. §1011 — Adjusted basis for determining gain or loss

    This section of the Internal Revenue Code establishes the general rule for computing the adjusted basis of property to determine gain or loss from sale or disposition, and includes a specific provision for adjusting the basis in the case of a bargain sale to a charitable organization.

48. §1012 — Basis of property-cost

    This section of the Internal Revenue Code defines the basis of property as its cost, with certain exceptions, and outlines special rules for real property taxes. It also details methods for determining the basis of specified securities on an account-by-account basis and for stock acquired through dividend reinvestment plans.

49. §1014 — Basis of property acquired from a decedent

    This section details the basis of property acquired from a decedent, generally stipulating that the basis is the fair market value at the date of death. It further defines what property is considered acquired from a decedent, outlines special rules for income in respect of a decedent, DISC stock, appreciated property gifted within one year of death, and mandates consistency with estate tax returns.

50. §1015 — Basis of property acquired by gifts and transfers in trust

    This section of the Internal Revenue Code establishes rules for determining the basis of property acquired by gift or through transfers in trust, depending on the acquisition date. It also provides for an increased basis due to gift tax paid and special rules for gifts between spouses.

51. §1031 — Exchange of real property held for productive use or investment

    This section outlines the nonrecognition of gain or loss on the exchange of real property held for productive use or investment, provided it is exchanged solely for like-kind real property. It also details rules for exchanges involving non-like-kind property, special rules for exchanges between related persons, and provisions regarding foreign real property.

52. §1041 — Transfers of property between spouses or incident to divorce

    This section of the Internal Revenue Code addresses the nonrecognition of gain or loss on property transfers between spouses or former spouses incident to a divorce, treating such transfers as gifts and assigning the transferor's basis to the transferee. It also includes special rules for transfers involving nonresident aliens and transfers in trust where liabilities exceed basis.

53. §1202 — Partial exclusion for gain from certain small business stock

    This section outlines the partial exclusion from gross income for gains derived from the sale or exchange of qualified small business stock, specifying different exclusion percentages based on acquisition date and holding period. It also details per-issuer limitations on eligible gain, defines qualified small business stock and businesses, and sets forth requirements for active business operations and special rules for certain transfers.

54. §1211 — Limitation on capital losses

    This section establishes limitations on capital losses, allowing corporations to deduct them only to the extent of capital gains. For other taxpayers, losses are limited to capital gains plus the lesser of a specified dollar amount ($3,000 or $1,500 for married individuals filing separately) or the excess of losses over gains.

55. §1221 — Capital asset defined

    This section defines what constitutes a 'capital asset' for tax purposes by listing various exclusions, such as inventory, depreciable property used in trade or business, and certain creative works. It also provides definitions and special rules for commodities derivative financial instruments and hedging transactions, outlining their treatment under the capital asset definition.

56. §1222 — Other terms relating to capital gains and losses For purposes of this subtitle-

    This section defines key terms related to capital gains and losses for tax purposes, including short-term and long-term capital gains and losses, net short-term and long-term capital gains and losses, capital gain net income, net capital loss, and net capital gain.

57. §1231 — Property used in the trade or business and involuntary conversions

    This section defines the treatment of gains and losses from property used in trade or business and involuntary conversions under tax law. It establishes rules for when such gains and losses are treated as long-term capital gains or losses, defines what constitutes 'property used in the trade or business,' and includes provisions for the recapture of net ordinary losses.

58. §1245 — Gain from dispositions of certain depreciable property

    This section details the tax treatment of gains from the disposition of certain depreciable property, known as 'section 1245 property.' It specifies that such gains, up to the amount of depreciation deductions, are recognized as ordinary income, and outlines exceptions and limitations for various types of dispositions, including gifts, transfers at death, and tax-free transactions.

59. §1250 — Gain from dispositions of certain depreciable realty

    This section outlines the rules for the recapture of gain from the disposition of certain depreciable real property, treating a portion of such gain as ordinary income based on 'additional depreciation' taken. It defines what constitutes 'section 1250 property' and 'additional depreciation,' and provides exceptions and limitations for various types of transfers and dispositions, along with rules for determining holding periods and handling substantially improved property.

60. §1361 — S corporation defined

    This section defines an 'S corporation' and a 'small business corporation' for tax purposes, outlining requirements regarding the number and type of shareholders, single class of stock, and the exclusion of certain ineligible corporations. It also includes special rules for treating wholly-owned subsidiaries, family members as single shareholders, and various types of trusts as shareholders, along with provisions for restricted bank director stock and banks changing accounting methods.

Chapter 11

1. §2001 — Imposition and rate of tax

   This section imposes a tax on the transfer of the taxable estate of every United States citizen or resident decedent. It details the computation of this estate tax, including a progressive rate schedule, adjustments for gift tax paid by a spouse, coordination rules for certain gift and estate tax sections, and specific rules for the valuation of gifts.

2. §2010 — Unified credit against estate tax

   This section outlines the unified credit allowed against federal estate tax, specifying how the credit amount is determined, adjusted for certain gifts made before 1977, and limited by the amount of tax imposed. It defines key terms like 'applicable credit amount,' 'applicable exclusion amount,' and 'deceased spousal unused exclusion amount,' including rules for inflation adjustments and necessary elections.

3. §2031 — Definition of gross estate

   This section defines the gross estate for estate tax purposes, including rules for valuing property, specific provisions for unlisted stock and securities, and detailed exclusions and special rules for land subject to qualified conservation easements.

4. §2033 — Property in which the decedent had an interest The value of the gross estate shall include the value of all property to the extent of the interest therein of the decedent at the time of his death. (Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 381 ; Pub. L. 87–834, §18(a)(2)(A), Oct. 16, 1962, 76 Stat. 1052 .)

   This section specifies that the value of the gross estate for estate tax purposes must include the value of all property to the extent of the decedent's interest at the time of their death.

5. §2036 — Transfers with retained life estate

   This section mandates the inclusion of property in a decedent's gross estate if the decedent transferred the property but retained certain interests for life, such as enjoyment, income rights, or the power to designate beneficiaries. It also outlines specific rules concerning retained voting rights in controlled corporations and limitations based on the date of transfer.

6. §2040 — Joint interests

   This section details how jointly held property is included in a decedent's gross estate for estate tax purposes, outlining the general rule for joint tenants with right of survivorship and tenants by the entirety, and providing specific exclusions and definitions for qualified joint interests of husband and wife.

7. §2041 — Powers of appointment

   This section outlines how property subject to a power of appointment is included in a decedent's gross estate for estate tax purposes, differentiating between powers created on or before October 21, 1942, and those created after, and defining a 'general power of appointment' and rules for the lapse of such powers.

8. §2056 — Bequests, etc., to surviving spouse

   This section establishes the marital deduction for estate tax purposes, allowing a deduction for property passing to a surviving spouse, but imposes limitations for certain terminable interests. It also provides specific rules for qualified terminable interest property, charitable remainder trusts, and disallows the marital deduction if the surviving spouse is not a U.S. citizen, with exceptions for qualified domestic trusts.

Chapter 12

1. §2501 — Imposition of tax

   This section outlines the imposition of a gift tax on the transfer of property during each calendar year by individuals, with various exceptions for intangible property, political organizations, certain stock transfers by specific foreign corporations, and transfers to certain exempt organizations. It also defines how residents of U.S. possessions are considered for tax purposes and provides cross-references to related sections.

2. §2503 — Taxable gifts

   This section defines "taxable gifts" as the total amount of gifts made during a calendar year, minus specified deductions, and outlines various exclusions from gifts, such as annual exclusions, transfers for the benefit of minors, qualified educational or medical expenses, and waivers of certain pension rights. It also addresses the treatment of certain loans of artworks for tax purposes.

3. §2505 — Unified credit against gift tax

   This section establishes a unified credit against gift tax for U.S. citizens and residents, computed based on the applicable credit amount in effect under section 2010(c), reduced by credits from previous periods. It also includes adjustments for certain gifts made before 1977 and limits the credit to the amount of the tax imposed.

4. §2518 — Disclaimers

   This section defines a "qualified disclaimer" of an interest in property for purposes of this subtitle, stipulating conditions such as written refusal within 9 months, non-acceptance of benefits, and passage of the interest without the disclaimant's direction. It also covers disclaimers of undivided portions of an interest, powers with respect to property, and certain transfers treated as disclaimers.

5. §2522 — Charitable and similar gifts

   This section outlines the deduction allowed for charitable and similar gifts made by citizens, residents, and nonresidents against the gift tax. It specifies eligible recipients, such as governmental entities and various types of non-profit organizations, and details conditions under which deductions may be disallowed, including gifts to certain organizations or those involving retained interests in property, and special rules for irrevocable transfers of easements and fractional gifts.

6. §2523 — Gift to spouse

   This section details the allowance of a deduction for gifts made to a spouse, outlining conditions under which certain terminable interests, joint interests, and life estates with a power of appointment qualify. It also includes provisions for qualified terminable interest property (QTIP) elections, special rules for charitable remainder trusts, and limitations on the marital deduction when the spouse is not a U.S. citizen.

Chapter 21

1. §3101 — Rate of tax

   This section imposes taxes on individual income for old-age, survivors, and disability insurance (Social Security) and hospital insurance (Medicare), specifying rates and thresholds for an additional hospital insurance tax. It also provides for relief from these taxes when covered by certain international social security agreements.

2. §3111 — Rate of tax

   This section outlines the excise tax rates for employers related to old-age, survivors, and disability insurance (6.2%) and hospital insurance (1.45%) on wages paid. It also provides for exemptions under international agreements and details credits against these taxes for the employment of qualified veterans and for qualified small businesses' research expenditures.

3. §3121 — Definitions

   This section defines key terms such as 'wages' and 'employment' for tax purposes, outlining numerous inclusions and exclusions related to various forms of remuneration and types of service. It further clarifies definitions for 'employee,' 'State,' 'United States,' 'American employer,' 'agricultural labor,' and includes special provisions for uniformed services, Peace Corps volunteers, religious orders, deferred compensation plans, and the application of hospital insurance tax to government employment.

Chapter 23

1. §3305 — Applicability of State law

Chapter 24

1. §3401 — Definitions

   This section defines 'wages' for the purpose of income tax withholding, enumerating various types of remuneration that are included or excluded, such as certain combat zone compensation, agricultural labor, and payments to qualified plans. It also defines 'payroll period,' 'employee,' and 'employer,' and includes special rules for tips, crew leaders, differential wage payments to uniformed services, and qualified stock options.

2. §3402 — Income tax collected at source

   This section details the requirements and methods for income tax withholding by employers from wages, including percentage and wage bracket methods, and rules for withholding allowances. It also covers special provisions for noncash remuneration, tips, certain federal payments, unemployment compensation, gambling winnings, Indian casino profits, and vehicle fringe benefits, alongside conditions for changes in withholding and taxpayer identification.

Chapter 61

1. §6011 — General requirement of return, statement, or list

   This section establishes the general requirement for individuals and organizations to file returns, statements, or lists as prescribed by the Secretary, detailing regulations for magnetic media filing, special rules for tax return preparers, and specific requirements for DISCs, former DISCs, and former FSCs, alongside provisions for promoting electronic filing and disclosing reportable transactions.

2. §6012 — Persons required to make returns of income

   This section specifies which persons are required to file income tax returns under Subtitle A of the Internal Revenue Code, outlining general rules for individuals based on gross income and exemption amounts, and detailing requirements for corporations, estates, trusts, political organizations, homeowners associations, and bankruptcy estates.

3. §6013 — Joint returns of income tax by husband and wife

   This section outlines the rules for married individuals filing joint income tax returns, including eligibility criteria, limitations for filing a joint return after a separate return, special provisions for individuals in missing status due to military service, and elections for nonresident aliens to be treated as U.S. residents for tax purposes.

4. §6072 — Time for filing income tax returns

   This section specifies the deadlines for filing various income tax returns under Subtitle A, including general rules for individuals, partnerships, S corporations, DISCs, nonresident alien individuals, foreign corporations, cooperative associations, and tax-exempt organizations.

Chapter 68

1. §6651 — Failure to file tax return or to pay tax

   This section outlines penalties for failing to file tax returns or pay taxes, specifying different percentage additions to tax for each month of delinquency, capped at 25%, unless due to reasonable cause. It also details special rules, limitations, and increases in penalties for certain circumstances like fraudulent failures or late payments under installment agreements, with provisions for inflation adjustments.

2. §6662 — Imposition of accuracy-related penalty on underpayments

   This section imposes a 20% accuracy-related penalty on underpayments of tax attributable to various factors, including negligence, substantial understatement of income tax, valuation misstatements, and certain transactions lacking economic substance. It also defines these terms, specifies exceptions, and increases the penalty to 40% for gross misstatements, nondisclosed noneconomic substance transactions, or undisclosed foreign financial asset understatements, and to 50% for overstatements of qualified charitable contributions.

Chapter 75

1. §7201 — Attempt to evade or defeat tax Any person who willfully attempts in any manner to evade or defeat any tax imposed by this title or the payment thereof shall, in addition to other penalties provided by law, be guilty of a felony and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than $100,000 ($500,000 in the case of a corporation), or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both, together with the costs of prosecution. (Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 851 ; Pub. L. 97–248, title III, §329(a), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 618 .)

   This section defines the criminal offense of willfully attempting to evade or defeat any tax imposed by this title or its payment. Upon conviction, individuals face fines of up to $100,000 (or $500,000 for corporations), imprisonment for up to 5 years, or both, in addition to prosecution costs.

2. §7202 — Willful failure to collect or pay over tax Any person required under this title to collect, account for, and pay over any tax imposed by this title who willfully fails to collect or truthfully account for and pay over such tax shall, in addition to other penalties provided by law, be guilty of a felony and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both, together with the costs of prosecution. (Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 851 .)

   This section establishes that any person who willfully fails to collect, account for, and pay over taxes as required by this title is guilty of a felony. Penalties for such a conviction include a fine of up to $10,000, imprisonment for up to 5 years, or both, along with prosecution costs.

3. §7203 — Willful failure to file return, supply information, or pay tax Any person required under this title to pay any estimated tax or tax, or required by this title or by regulations made under authority thereof to make a return, keep any records, or supply any information, who willfully fails to pay such estimated tax or tax, make such return, keep such records, or supply such information, at the time or times required by law or regulations, shall, in addition to other penalties provided by law, be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than $25,000 ($100,000 in the case of a corporation), or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both, together with the costs of prosecution. In the case of any person with respect to whom there is a failure to pay any estimated tax, this section shall not apply to such person with respect to such failure if there is no addition to tax under section 6654 or 6655 with respect to such failure. In the case of a willful violation of any provision of section 6050I, the first sentence of this section shall be applied by substituting "felony" for "misdemeanor" and "5 years" for "1 year". (Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 851 ; Pub. L. 90–364, title I, §103(e)(5), June 28, 1968, 82 Stat. 264 ; Pub. L. 97–248, title III, §§327, 329(b), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 617 , 618; Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title IV, §412(b)(9), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 792 ; Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, §7601(a)(2)(B), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4504 ; Pub. L. 101–647, title XXXIII, §3303(a), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4918 .)

   This section defines the misdemeanor offense for any person who willfully fails to pay estimated tax or tax, make a required return, keep records, or supply information as required by law. Penalties include fines up to $25,000 ($100,000 for corporations), imprisonment up to 1 year, or both, plus prosecution costs, with exceptions for certain estimated tax failures and an upgrade to a felony with 5 years imprisonment for willful violations of section 6050I.

4. §7206 — Fraud and false statements Any person who-

   This section outlines various felony offenses related to fraud and false statements concerning internal revenue laws, including making false declarations under penalty of perjury, aiding in the preparation of fraudulent documents, executing fraudulent bonds, concealing property to evade tax, and concealing or falsifying records in connection with tax compromises. Conviction can result in fines up to $100,000 ($500,000 for corporations), imprisonment up to 3 years, or both, plus prosecution costs.

Title 27

1. §121 — State statutes as operative on termination of transportation; original packages

2. §122 — Shipments into States for possession or sale in violation of State law

3. § 122a. Injunctive relief in Federal district court

4. § 122b. General provisions

5. §124 — Direct shipment of wine

6. §201 — Short title

7. §202 — General provisions

8. §203 — Unlawful businesses without permit; application to State agency

9. §204 — Permits

10. §205 — Unfair competition and unlawful practices

11. §206 — Bulk sales and bottling

12. §207 — Penalties; jurisdiction; compromise of liability

13. §208 — Interlocking directorates

14. §211 — Miscellaneous provisions

15. §213 — Declaration of policy and purpose

16. §214 — Definitions

17. §215 — Labeling requirement

18. §216 — Preemption

19. §217 — Report to Congress

20. §218 — Civil penalties

21. §219 — Injunction proceedings; compromise of liability

22. § 219a. Severability

Title 28 — Judiciary

1. §41 — Number and composition of circuits The thirteen judicial circuits of the United States are constituted as follows: Circuits Composition District of Columbia District of Columbia. First Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island. Second Connecticut, New York, Vermont. Third Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virgin Islands. Fourth Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia. Fifth District of the Canal Zone, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas. Sixth Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, Tennessee. Seventh Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin. Eighth Arkansas, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota. Ninth Alaska, Arizona, California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, Guam, Hawaii. Tenth Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming. Eleventh Alabama, Florida, Georgia. Federal All Federal judicial districts. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 870 ; Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, §34, 65 Stat. 723 ; Pub. L. 96–452, §2, Oct. 14, 1980, 94 Stat. 1994 ; Pub. L. 97–164, title I, §101, Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 25 .)

2. §46 — Assignment of judges; panels; hearings; quorum

3. §157 — Procedures

4. §331 — Judicial Conference of the United States The Chief Justice of the United States shall summon annually the chief judge of each judicial circuit, the chief judge of the Court of International Trade, and a district judge from each judicial circuit to a conference at such time and place in the United States as he may designate. He shall preside at such conference which shall be known as the Judicial Conference of the United States. Special sessions of the Conference may be called by the Chief Justice at such times and places as he may designate. The district judge to be summoned from each judicial circuit shall be chosen by the circuit and district judges of the circuit and shall serve as a member of the Judicial Conference of the United States for a term of not less than 3 successive years nor more than 5 successive years, as established by majority vote of all circuit and district judges of the circuit. A district judge serving as a member of the Judicial Conference may be either a judge in regular active service or a judge retired from regular active service under section 371(b) of this title. If the chief judge of any circuit, the chief judge of the Court of International Trade, or the district judge chosen by the judges of the circuit is unable to attend, the Chief Justice may summon any other circuit or district judge from such circuit or any other judge of the Court of International Trade, as the case may be. Every judge summoned shall attend and, unless excused by the Chief Justice, shall remain throughout the sessions of the conference and advise as to the needs of his circuit or court and as to any matters in respect of which the administration of justice in the courts of the United States may be improved. The Conference shall make a comprehensive survey of the condition of business in the courts of the United States and prepare plans for assignment of judges to or from circuits or districts where necessary. It shall also submit suggestions and recommendations to the various courts to promote uniformity of management procedures and the expeditious conduct of court business. The Conference is authorized to exercise the authority provided in chapter 16 of this title as the Conference, or through a standing committee. If the Conference elects to establish a standing committee, it shall be appointed by the Chief Justice and all petitions for review shall be reviewed by that committee. The Conference or the standing committee may hold hearings, take sworn testimony, issue subpoenas and subpoenas duces tecum, and make necessary and appropriate orders in the exercise of its authority. Subpoenas and subpoenas duces tecum shall be issued by the clerk of the Supreme Court or by the clerk of any court of appeals, at the direction of the Chief Justice or his designee and under the seal of the court, and shall be served in the manner provided in rule 45(c) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure for subpoenas and subpoenas duces tecum issued on behalf of the United States or an officer or any agency thereof. The Conference may also prescribe and modify rules for the exercise of the authority provided in chapter 16 of this title. All judicial officers and employees of the United States shall promptly carry into effect all orders of the Judicial Conference or the standing committee established pursuant to this section. The Conference shall also carry on a continuous study of the operation and effect of the general rules of practice and procedure now or hereafter in use as prescribed by the Supreme Court for the other courts of the United States pursuant to law. Such changes in and additions to those rules as the Conference may deem desirable to promote simplicity in procedure, fairness in administration, the just determination of litigation, and the elimination of unjustifiable expense and delay shall be recommended by the Conference from time to time to the Supreme Court for its consideration and adoption, modification or rejection, in accordance with law. The Judicial Conference shall review rules prescribed under section 2071 of this title by the courts, other than the Supreme Court and the district courts, for consistency with Federal law. The Judicial Conference may modify or abrogate any such rule so reviewed found inconsistent in the course of such a review. The Attorney General shall, upon request of the Chief Justice, report to such Conference on matters relating to the business of the several courts of the United States, with particular reference to cases to which the United States is a party. The Chief Justice shall submit to Congress an annual report of the proceedings of the Judicial Conference and its recommendations for legislation. The Judicial Conference shall consult with the Director of 1 United States Marshals Service on a continuing basis regarding the security requirements for the judicial branch of the United States Government, to ensure that the views of the Judicial Conference regarding the security requirements for the judicial branch of the Federal Government are taken into account when determining staffing levels, setting priorities for programs regarding judicial security, and allocating judicial security resources. In this paragraph, the term "judicial security" includes the security of buildings housing the judiciary, the personal security of judicial officers, the assessment of threats made to judicial officers, and the protection of all other judicial personnel. The United States Marshals Service retains final authority regarding security requirements for the judicial branch of the Federal Government. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 902 ; July 9, 1956, ch. 517, §1(d), 70 Stat. 497 ; Pub. L. 85–202, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 476 ; Pub. L. 85–513, July 11, 1958, 72 Stat. 356 ; Pub. L. 87–253, §§1, 2, Sept. 19, 1961, 75 Stat. 521 ; Pub. L. 95–598, title II, §208, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2660 ; Pub. L. 96–458, §4, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2040 ; Pub. L. 97–164, title I, §111, Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 29 ; Pub. L. 99–466, §1, Oct. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 1190 ; Pub. L. 100–702, title IV, §402(b), Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4650 ; Pub. L. 104–317, title VI, §601(a), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3857 ; Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title I, §11043(b), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1855 ; Pub. L. 110–177, title I, §101(b), Jan. 7, 2008, 121 Stat. 2534 .)

5. §332 — Judicial councils of circuits (a)(1) The chief judge of each judicial circuit shall call, at least twice in each year and at such places as he or she may designate, a meeting of the judicial council of the circuit, consisting of the chief judge of the circuit, who shall preside, and an equal number of circuit judges and district judges of the circuit, as such number is determined by majority vote of all such judges of the circuit in regular active service.

6. §455 — Disqualification of justice, judge, or magistrate judge

7. §461 — Adjustments in certain salaries (a)(1) Subject to paragraph (2), effective at the beginning of the first applicable pay period commencing on or after the first day of the month in which an adjustment takes effect under section 5303 of title 5 in the rates of pay under the General Schedule (except as provided in subsection (b)), each salary rate which is subject to adjustment under this section shall be adjusted by an amount, rounded to the nearest multiple of $100 (or if midway between multiples of $100, to the next higher multiple of $100) equal to the percentage of such salary rate which corresponds to the most recent percentage change in the ECI (relative to the date described in the next sentence), as determined under section 704(a)(1) of the Ethics Reform Act of 1989. The appropriate date under this sentence is the first day of the fiscal year in which such adjustment in the rates of pay under the General Schedule takes effect.

8. §516 — Conduct of litigation reserved to Department of Justice Except as otherwise authorized by law, the conduct of litigation in which the United States, an agency, or officer thereof is a party, or is interested, and securing evidence therefor, is reserved to officers of the Department of Justice, under the direction of the Attorney General. (Added Pub. L. 89–554, §4(c), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 613 .)

9. §586 — Duties; supervision by Attorney General

10. §596 — Removal of an independent counsel; termination of office

11. §631 — Appointment and tenure

12. §991 — United States Sentencing Commission; establishment and purposes

13. §994 — Duties of the Commission

14. §1505 — Indian claims The United States Court of Federal Claims shall have jurisdiction of any claim against the United States accruing after August 13, 1946, in favor of any tribe, band, or other identifiable group of American Indians residing within the territorial limits of the United States or Alaska whenever such claim is one arising under the Constitution, laws or treaties of the United States, or Executive orders of the President, or is one which otherwise would be cognizable in the Court of Federal Claims if the claimant were not an Indian tribe, band or group. (Added May 24, 1949, ch. 139, §89(a), 63 Stat. 102 ; amended Pub. L. 97–164, title I, §133(g), Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 41 ; Pub. L. 102–572, title IX, §902(a), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4516 .)

15. §1602 — Findings and declaration of purpose The Congress finds that the determination by United States courts of the claims of foreign states to immunity from the jurisdiction of such courts would serve the interests of justice and would protect the rights of both foreign states and litigants in United States courts. Under international law, states are not immune from the jurisdiction of foreign courts insofar as their commercial activities are concerned, and their commercial property may be levied upon for the satisfaction of judgments rendered against them in connection with their commercial activities. Claims of foreign states to immunity should henceforth be decided by courts of the United States and of the States in conformity with the principles set forth in this chapter. (Added Pub. L. 94–583, §4(a), Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2892 .)

16. §1604 — Immunity of a foreign state from jurisdiction Subject to existing international agreements to which the United States is a party at the time of enactment of this Act a foreign state shall be immune from the jurisdiction of the courts of the United States and of the States except as provided in sections 1605 to 1607 of this chapter. (Added Pub. L. 94–583, §4(a), Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2892 .)

17. §1605 — General exceptions to the jurisdictional immunity of a foreign state

18. §1608 — Service; time to answer; default

19. §1610 — Exceptions to the immunity from attachment or execution

20. §1631 — Transfer to cure want of jurisdiction Whenever a civil action is filed in a court as defined in section 610 of this title or an appeal, including a petition for review of administrative action, is noticed for or filed with such a court and that court finds that there is a want of jurisdiction, the court shall, if it is in the interest of justice, transfer such action or appeal to any other such court (or, for cases within the jurisdiction of the United States Tax Court, to that court) in which the action or appeal could have been brought at the time it was filed or noticed, and the action or appeal shall proceed as if it had been filed in or noticed for the court to which it is transferred on the date upon which it was actually filed in or noticed for the court from which it is transferred. (Added Pub. L. 97–164, title III, §301(a), Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 55 ; amended Pub. L. 115–332, §2, Dec. 19, 2018, 132 Stat. 4487 .)

21. §1821 — Per diem and mileage generally; subsistence (a)(1) Except as otherwise provided by law, a witness in attendance at any court of the United States, or before a United States Magistrate Judge, or before any person authorized to take his deposition pursuant to any rule or order of a court of the United States, shall be paid the fees and allowances provided by this section.

22. §1915 — Proceedings in forma pauperis (a)(1) Subject to subsection (b), any court of the United States may authorize the commencement, prosecution or defense of any suit, action or proceeding, civil or criminal, or appeal therein, without prepayment of fees or security therefor, by a person who submits an affidavit that includes a statement of all assets such prisoner possesses that the person is unable to pay such fees or give security therefor. Such affidavit shall state the nature of the action, defense or appeal and affiant's belief that the person is entitled to redress.

23. §1920 — Taxation of costs A judge or clerk of any court of the United States may tax as costs the following:

24. §2101 — Supreme Court; time for appeal or certiorari; docketing; stay

25. §2106 — Determination The Supreme Court or any other court of appellate jurisdiction may affirm, modify, vacate, set aside or reverse any judgment, decree, or order of a court lawfully brought before it for review, and may remand the cause and direct the entry of such appropriate judgment, decree, or order, or require such further proceedings to be had as may be just under the circumstances. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 963 .)

26. §2107 — Time for appeal to court of appeals

27. §2111 — Harmless error On the hearing of any appeal or writ of certiorari in any case, the court shall give judgment after an examination of the record without regard to errors or defects which do not affect the substantial rights of the parties. (Added May 24, 1949, ch. 139, §110, 63 Stat. 105 .)

28. §2283 — Stay of State court proceedings A court of the United States may not grant an injunction to stay proceedings in a State court except as expressly authorized by Act of Congress, or where necessary in aid of its jurisdiction, or to protect or effectuate its judgments. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 968 .)

29. §2342 — Jurisdiction of court of appeals The court of appeals (other than the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit) has exclusive jurisdiction to enjoin, set aside, suspend (in whole or in part), or to determine the validity of-

30. §2344 — Review of orders; time; notice; contents of petition; service On the entry of a final order reviewable under this chapter, the agency shall promptly give notice thereof by service or publication in accordance with its rules. Any party aggrieved by the final order may, within 60 days after its entry, file a petition to review the order in the court of appeals wherein venue lies. The action shall be against the United States. The petition shall contain a concise statement of-

31. §2349 — Jurisdiction of the proceeding

32. §2409 — Partition actions involving United States Any civil action by any tenant in common or joint tenant owning an undivided interest in lands, where the United States is one of such tenants in common or joint tenants, against the United States alone or against the United States and any other of such owners, shall proceed, and be determined, in the same manner as would a similar action between private persons. Whenever in such action the court orders a sale of the property or any part thereof the Attorney General may bid for the same in behalf of the United States. If the United States is the purchaser, the amount of the purchase money shall be paid from the Treasury upon a warrant drawn by the Secretary of the Treasury on the requisition of the Attorney General. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 972 .)

33. §2412 — Costs and fees (a)(1) Except as otherwise specifically provided by statute, a judgment for costs, as enumerated in section 1920 of this title, but not including the fees and expenses of attorneys, may be awarded to the prevailing party in any civil action brought by or against the United States or any agency or any official of the United States acting in his or her official capacity in any court having jurisdiction of such action. A judgment for costs when taxed against the United States shall, in an amount established by statute, court rule, or order, be limited to reimbursing in whole or in part the prevailing party for the costs incurred by such party in the litigation.

Chapter 81

1. §1251 — Original jurisdiction

2. §1253 — Direct appeals from decisions of three-judge courts Except as otherwise provided by law, any party may appeal to the Supreme Court from an order granting or denying, after notice and hearing, an interlocutory or permanent injunction in any civil action, suit or proceeding required by any Act of Congress to be heard and determined by a district court of three judges. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 928 .)

3. §1254 — Courts of appeals; certiorari; certified questions Cases in the courts of appeals may be reviewed by the Supreme Court by the following methods:

4. §1257 — State courts; certiorari

5. §1259 — Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces; certiorari Decisions of the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces may be reviewed by the Supreme Court by writ of certiorari in the following cases:

Chapter 83

1. §1291 — Final decisions of district courts The courts of appeals (other than the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit) shall have jurisdiction of appeals from all final decisions of the district courts of the United States, the United States District Court for the District of the Canal Zone, the District Court of Guam, and the District Court of the Virgin Islands, except where a direct review may be had in the Supreme Court. The jurisdiction of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit shall be limited to the jurisdiction described in sections 1292(c) and (d) and 1295 of this title. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 929 ; Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, §48, 65 Stat. 726 ; Pub. L. 85–508, §12(e), July 7, 1958, 72 Stat. 348 ; Pub. L. 97–164, title I, §124, Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 36 .)

2. §1292 — Interlocutory decisions

3. §1295 — Jurisdiction of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

Chapter 85

1. §1330 — Actions against foreign states

2. §1331 — Federal question The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 930 ; Pub. L. 85–554, §1, July 25, 1958, 72 Stat. 415 ; Pub. L. 94–574, §2, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2721 ; Pub. L. 96–486, §2(a), Dec. 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 2369 .)

3. §1332 — Diversity of citizenship; amount in controversy; costs

4. §1338 — Patents, plant variety protection, copyrights, mask works, designs, trademarks, and unfair competition

5. §1341 — Taxes by States The district courts shall not enjoin, suspend or restrain the assessment, levy or collection of any tax under State law where a plain, speedy and efficient remedy may be had in the courts of such State. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 932 .)

6. §1346 — United States as defendant

7. §1350 — Alien's action for tort The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of any civil action by an alien for a tort only, committed in violation of the law of nations or a treaty of the United States. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 934 .)

8. §1367 — Supplemental jurisdiction

Chapter 87

1. §1391 — Venue generally

2. §1404 — Change of venue

Chapter 89

1. §1441 — Removal of civil actions

2. §1446 — Procedure for removal of civil actions

3. §1447 — Procedure after removal generally

4. §1453 — Removal of class actions

Chapter 111

1. §1651 — Writs

2. §1652 — State laws as rules of decision The laws of the several states, except where the Constitution or treaties of the United States or Acts of Congress otherwise require or provide, shall be regarded as rules of decision in civil actions in the courts of the United States, in cases where they apply. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 944 .) Historical Revision Notes Based on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., §725 (R.S. §721). "Civil actions" was substituted for "trials at common law" to clarify the meaning of the Rules of Decision Act in the light of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Such Act has been held to apply to suits in equity. Changes were made in phraseology.

3. §1658 — Time limitations on the commencement of civil actions arising under Acts of Congress

Chapter 123

1. §1867 — Challenging compliance with selection procedures

Chapter 131

1. §2071 — Rule-making power generally

2. §2072 — Rules of procedure and evidence; power to prescribe

3. §2073 — Rules of procedure and evidence; method of prescribing (a)(1) The Judicial Conference shall prescribe and publish the procedures for the consideration of proposed rules under this section.

4. §2075 — Bankruptcy rules The Supreme Court shall have the power to prescribe by general rules, the forms of process, writs, pleadings, and motions, and the practice and procedure in cases under title 11. Such rules shall not abridge, enlarge, or modify any substantive right. The Supreme Court shall transmit to Congress not later than May 1 of the year in which a rule prescribed under this section is to become effective a copy of the proposed rule. The rule shall take effect no earlier than December 1 of the year in which it is transmitted to Congress unless otherwise provided by law. The bankruptcy rules promulgated under this section shall prescribe a form for the statement required under section 707(b)(2)(C) of title 11 and may provide general rules on the content of such statement. (Added Pub. L. 88–623, §1, Oct. 3, 1964, 78 Stat. 1001 ; amended Pub. L. 95–598, title II, §247, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2672 ; Pub. L. 103–394, title I, §104(f), Oct. 22, 1994, 108 Stat. 4110 ; Pub. L. 109–8, title XII, §1232, Apr. 20, 2005, 119 Stat. 202 .)

Chapter 151

1. §2201 — Creation of remedy

2. §2202 — Further relief Further necessary or proper relief based on a declaratory judgment or decree may be granted, after reasonable notice and hearing, against any adverse party whose rights have been determined by such judgment. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 964 .)

Chapter 153

1. §2241 — Power to grant writ

2. §2244 — Finality of determination

3. §2253 — Appeal

4. §2254 — State custody; remedies in Federal courts

5. §2255 — Federal custody; remedies on motion attacking sentence

Chapter 171

1. §2671 — Definitions As used in this chapter and sections 1346(b) and 2401(b) of this title, the term "Federal agency" includes the executive departments, the judicial and legislative branches, the military departments, independent establishments of the United States, and corporations primarily acting as instrumentalities or agencies of the United States, but does not include any contractor with the United States. "Employee of the government" includes (1) officers or employees of any federal agency, members of the military or naval forces of the United States, members of the National Guard while engaged in training or duty under section 115, 316, 502, 503, 504, or 505 of title 32, and persons acting on behalf of a federal agency in an official capacity, temporarily or permanently in the service of the United States, whether with or without compensation, and (2) any officer or employee of a Federal public defender organization, except when such officer or employee performs professional services in the course of providing representation under section 3006A of title 18. "Acting within the scope of his office or employment", in the case of a member of the military or naval forces of the United States or a member of the National Guard as defined in section 101(3) of title 32, means acting in line of duty. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 982 ; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, §124, 63 Stat. 106 ; Pub. L. 89–506, §8, July 18, 1966, 80 Stat. 307 ; Pub. L. 97–124, §1, Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1666 ; Pub. L. 100–694, §3, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4564 ; Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [[div. A], title VI, §665(b)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654 , 1654A-169; Pub. L. 106–518, title IV, §401, Nov. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 2421 .)

2. §2672 — Administrative adjustment of claims The head of each Federal agency or his designee, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Attorney General, may consider, ascertain, adjust, determine, compromise, and settle any claim for money damages against the United States for injury or loss of property or personal injury or death caused by the negligent or wrongful act or omission of any employee of the agency while acting within the scope of his office or employment, under circumstances where the United States, if a private person, would be liable to the claimant in accordance with the law of the place where the act or omission occurred: Provided, That any award, compromise, or settlement in excess of $25,000 shall be effected only with the prior written approval of the Attorney General or his designee. Notwithstanding the proviso contained in the preceding sentence, any award, compromise, or settlement may be effected without the prior written approval of the Attorney General or his or her designee, to the extent that the Attorney General delegates to the head of the agency the authority to make such award, compromise, or settlement. Such delegations may not exceed the authority delegated by the Attorney General to the United States attorneys to settle claims for money damages against the United States. Each Federal agency may use arbitration, or other alternative means of dispute resolution under the provisions of subchapter IV of chapter 5 of title 5, to settle any tort claim against the United States, to the extent of the agency's authority to award, compromise, or settle such claim without the prior written approval of the Attorney General or his or her designee. Subject to the provisions of this title relating to civil actions on tort claims against the United States, any such award, compromise, settlement, or determination shall be final and conclusive on all officers of the Government, except when procured by means of fraud. Any award, compromise, or settlement in an amount of $2,500 or less made pursuant to this section shall be paid by the head of the Federal agency concerned out of appropriations available to that agency. Payment of any award, compromise, or settlement in an amount in excess of $2,500 made pursuant to this section or made by the Attorney General in any amount pursuant to section 2677 of this title shall be paid in a manner similar to judgments and compromises in like causes and appropriations or funds available for the payment of such judgments and compromises are hereby made available for the payment of awards, compromises, or settlements under this chapter. The acceptance by the claimant of any such award, compromise, or settlement shall be final and conclusive on the claimant, and shall constitute a complete release of any claim against the United States and against the employee of the government whose act or omission gave rise to the claim, by reason of the same subject matter. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 983 ; Apr. 25, 1949, ch. 92, §2(b), 63 Stat. 62 ; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, §125, 63 Stat. 106 ; Sept. 23, 1950, ch. 1010, §9, 64 Stat. 987 ; Pub. L. 86–238, §1(1), Sept. 8, 1959, 73 Stat. 471 ; Pub. L. 89–506, §§1, 9(a), July 18, 1966, 80 Stat. 306 , 308; Pub. L. 101–552, §8(a), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2746 .)

3. §2674 — Liability of United States The United States shall be liable, respecting the provisions of this title relating to tort claims, in the same manner and to the same extent as a private individual under like circumstances, but shall not be liable for interest prior to judgment or for punitive damages. If, however, in any case wherein death was caused, the law of the place where the act or omission complained of occurred provides, or has been construed to provide, for damages only punitive in nature, the United States shall be liable for actual or compensatory damages, measured by the pecuniary injuries resulting from such death to the persons respectively, for whose benefit the action was brought, in lieu thereof. With respect to any claim under this chapter, the United States shall be entitled to assert any defense based upon judicial or legislative immunity which otherwise would have been available to the employee of the United States whose act or omission gave rise to the claim, as well as any other defenses to which the United States is entitled. With respect to any claim to which this section applies, the Tennessee Valley Authority shall be entitled to assert any defense which otherwise would have been available to the employee based upon judicial or legislative immunity, which otherwise would have been available to the employee of the Tennessee Valley Authority whose act or omission gave rise to the claim as well as any other defenses to which the Tennessee Valley Authority is entitled under this chapter. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 983 ; Pub. L. 100–694, §§4, 9(c), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4564 , 4567.)

4. §2678 — Attorney fees; penalty No attorney shall charge, demand, receive, or collect for services rendered, fees in excess of 25 per centum of any judgment rendered pursuant to section 1346(b) of this title or any settlement made pursuant to section 2677 of this title, or in excess of 20 per centum of any award, compromise, or settlement made pursuant to section 2672 of this title. Any attorney who charges, demands, receives, or collects for services rendered in connection with such claim any amount in excess of that allowed under this section, if recovery be had, shall be fined not more than $2,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 984 ; Pub. L. 89–506, §4, July 18, 1966, 80 Stat. 307 .)

5. §2680 — Exceptions The provisions of this chapter and section 1346(b) of this title shall not apply to-

Title 29 — Labor

1. §185 — Suits by and against labor organizations

2. §260 — Liquidated damages In any action commenced prior to or on or after May 14, 1947 to recover unpaid minimum wages, unpaid overtime compensation, or liquidated damages, under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.], if the employer shows to the satisfaction of the court that the act or omission giving rise to such action was in good faith and that he had reasonable grounds for believing that his act or omission was not a violation of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, the court may, in its sound discretion, award no liquidated damages or award any amount thereof not to exceed the amount specified in section 216 of this title. (May 14, 1947, ch. 52, §11, 61 Stat. 89 ; Pub. L. 93–259, §6(d)(2)(B), Apr. 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 62 .)

3. §722 — Eligibility and individualized plan for employment

4. §1854 — Private right of action

Chapter 6

1. §101 — Issuance of restraining orders and injunctions; limitation; public policy No court of the United States, as defined in this chapter, shall have jurisdiction to issue any restraining order or temporary or permanent injunction in a case involving or growing out of a labor dispute, except in a strict conformity with the provisions of this chapter; nor shall any such restraining order or temporary or permanent injunction be issued contrary to the public policy declared in this chapter. (Mar. 23, 1932, ch. 90, §1, 47 Stat. 70 .)

   This section limits the jurisdiction of U.S. courts to issue restraining orders or injunctions in cases involving labor disputes, mandating strict conformity with the provisions and public policy declared within this specific chapter.

2. §104 — Enumeration of specific acts not subject to restraining orders or injunctions No court of the United States shall have jurisdiction to issue any restraining order or temporary or permanent injunction in any case involving or growing out of any labor dispute to prohibit any person or persons participating or interested in such dispute (as these terms are herein defined) from doing, whether singly or in concert, any of the following acts:

   This section enumerates specific acts related to labor disputes that U.S. courts lack jurisdiction to prohibit through restraining orders or injunctions, including ceasing work, joining labor organizations, providing strike benefits, and engaging in peaceful publicity or assembly.

Chapter 7

1. §151 — Findings and declaration of policy The denial by some employers of the right of employees to organize and the refusal by some employers to accept the procedure of collective bargaining lead to strikes and other forms of industrial strife or unrest, which have the intent or the necessary effect of burdening or obstructing commerce by (a) impairing the efficiency, safety, or operation of the instrumentalities of commerce; (b) occurring in the current of commerce; (c) materially affecting, restraining, or controlling the flow of raw materials or manufactured or processed goods from or into the channels of commerce, or the prices of such materials or goods in commerce; or (d) causing diminution of employment and wages in such volume as substantially to impair or disrupt the market for goods flowing from or into the channels of commerce. The inequality of bargaining power between employees who do not possess full freedom of association or actual liberty of contract, and employers who are organized in the corporate or other forms of ownership association substantially burdens and affects the flow of commerce, and tends to aggravate recurrent business depressions, by depressing wage rates and the purchasing power of wage earners in industry and by preventing the stabilization of competitive wage rates and working conditions within and between industries. Experience has proved that protection by law of the right of employees to organize and bargain collectively safeguards commerce from injury, impairment, or interruption, and promotes the flow of commerce by removing certain recognized sources of industrial strife and unrest, by encouraging practices fundamental to the friendly adjustment of industrial disputes arising out of differences as to wages, hours, or other working conditions, and by restoring equality of bargaining power between employers and employees. Experience has further demonstrated that certain practices by some labor organizations, their officers, and members have the intent or the necessary effect of burdening or obstructing commerce by preventing the free flow of goods in such commerce through strikes and other forms of industrial unrest or through concerted activities which impair the interest of the public in the free flow of such commerce. The elimination of such practices is a necessary condition to the assurance of the rights herein guaranteed. It is hereby declared to be the policy of the United States to eliminate the causes of certain substantial obstructions to the free flow of commerce and to mitigate and eliminate these obstructions when they have occurred by encouraging the practice and procedure of collective bargaining and by protecting the exercise by workers of full freedom of association, self-organization, and designation of representatives of their own choosing, for the purpose of negotiating the terms and conditions of their employment or other mutual aid or protection. (July 5, 1935, ch. 372, §1, 49 Stat. 449 ; June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title I, §101, 61 Stat. 136 .)

   This section declares the policy of the United States regarding labor relations, recognizing that the denial of employee rights to organize and bargain collectively burdens commerce and leads to industrial strife. It asserts that protecting these rights, while also addressing certain labor organization practices, safeguards commerce and promotes industrial peace and economic stability by ensuring equality of bargaining power.

2. §152 — Definitions When used in this subchapter-

   This section provides comprehensive definitions for key terms used within its subchapter, such as 'person,' 'employer,' 'employee,' 'labor organization,' 'commerce,' 'unfair labor practice,' and 'supervisor,' among others, establishing the scope and interpretation of these terms for the purpose of federal labor law.

3. §153 — National Labor Relations Board

   This section details the establishment, composition, and functions of the National Labor Relations Board, including the appointment and removal of its five members, delegation of powers to members and regional directors, and the reporting requirements to Congress and the President. It also outlines the appointment, tenure, powers, and duties of the General Counsel of the Board.

4. §157 — Right of employees as to organization, collective bargaining, etc. Employees shall have the right to self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and to engage in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection, and shall also have the right to refrain from any or all of such activities except to the extent that such right may be affected by an agreement requiring membership in a labor organization as a condition of employment as authorized in section 158(a)(3) of this title. (July 5, 1935, ch. 372, §7, 49 Stat. 452 ; June 23, 1947, ch. 120, title I, §101, 61 Stat. 140 .)

   This section establishes the rights of employees to self-organize, form or join labor organizations, bargain collectively through chosen representatives, and engage in concerted activities for mutual aid or protection. It also grants employees the right to refrain from these activities, with an exception for agreements requiring union membership as a condition of employment, as authorized by a specific statutory provision.

5. §158 — Unfair labor practices

   This section comprehensively defines various unfair labor practices for both employers and labor organizations, covering interference with employee rights, discrimination, refusal to bargain, and secondary boycotts. It also clarifies the obligation to bargain collectively, outlines exceptions for certain agreements in the construction industry, and sets notice requirements for strikes or picketing at healthcare institutions.

6. §159 — Representatives and elections

   This section outlines the rights of employees regarding exclusive representation for collective bargaining, including the determination of appropriate bargaining units by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB). It details the procedures for filing petitions for representation elections, the conduct of secret ballots, and limitations on how frequently elections can be held, while also addressing employees' rights to adjust grievances directly with their employer.

7. §160 — Prevention of unfair labor practices

   This section details the powers of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to prevent unfair labor practices, including the procedures for filing complaints, conducting hearings, issuing cease and desist orders, and seeking court enforcement or review of its decisions. It also outlines specific provisions for addressing jurisdictional disputes and certain boycotts by labor organizations, emphasizing the Board's authority and procedural requirements.

Chapter 8

1. §201 — Short title This chapter may be cited as the "Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938". (June 25, 1938, ch. 676, §1, 52 Stat. 1060 .)

   This section designates the official short title for the chapter as the "Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938," providing a concise reference for the entirety of the statutory provisions contained within.

2. §202 — Congressional finding and declaration of policy

   This section outlines Congressional findings that detrimental labor conditions in industries affecting commerce negatively impact the economy and the free flow of goods. It declares the policy of the chapter is to correct and eliminate these conditions by exercising Congress's power to regulate commerce, without significantly curtailing employment or earning power.

3. §203 — Definitions As used in this chapter-

   This section provides extensive definitions for numerous terms critical to the interpretation and application of the Fair Labor Standards Act, including 'person,' 'commerce,' 'State,' 'employer,' 'employee,' 'agriculture,' 'goods,' 'produced,' 'oppressive child labor,' 'wage,' 'tipped employee,' 'enterprise,' and 'public agency,' detailing specific criteria and exclusions for each.

4. §206 — Minimum wage

   This section establishes the federal minimum wage rates for various categories of employees engaged in commerce, production of goods for commerce, or employed in related enterprises, including specific provisions for home workers, seamen, and agricultural employees. It also prohibits sex-based wage discrimination and sets conditions for subminimum wages for newly hired employees under 20, alongside outlining the obligations of employers providing contract services to the United States.

5. §207 — Maximum hours

   This section establishes the maximum hours of employment for various employees before overtime compensation is required, detailing different rates and conditions. It defines the 'regular rate' of pay, outlines exceptions for collective bargaining agreements, specific industries like petroleum distribution and tobacco, healthcare institutions, public agencies involved in fire protection and law enforcement, domestic service, and allows for compensatory time and remedial education exemptions.

6. §211 — Collection of data

   This section details the Administrator's authority to investigate, gather data, inspect records, and question employees to ensure compliance with the chapter's provisions. It also outlines the Administrator's ability to utilize state and local agencies, mandates employer record-keeping, and authorizes regulations for industrial homework to prevent circumvention of minimum wage laws.

7. §213 — Exemptions

   This section outlines various exemptions from the minimum wage, maximum hour, and child labor provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act, detailing specific categories of employees and conditions under which these requirements do not apply. It covers exemptions for executive, administrative, professional, and agricultural workers, as well as specific industries and occupations, along with regulations for child labor and driving restrictions for minors.

8. §216 — Penalties

   This section details penalties for violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act, including fines, imprisonment, and civil liabilities for employers related to unpaid wages, overtime, child labor, and tip misappropriation. It also outlines the Secretary of Labor's role in supervising payments and bringing actions, as well as savings provisions and civil penalty structures.

9. §218 — Relation to other laws

   This section clarifies that the chapter's provisions do not excuse noncompliance with higher Federal, State, or municipal standards for minimum wage, maximum workweek, or child labor. It also prohibits employers from reducing wages or increasing work hours based on this chapter. Additionally, it specifies how Federal employees in the Canal Zone and employees in nonappropriated fund instrumentalities under the Armed Forces are compensated relative to minimum wage and overtime rates.

Chapter 14

1. §621 — Congressional statement of findings and purpose

   This section presents Congressional findings that older workers face significant disadvantages in employment due to age discrimination and arbitrary age limits, which burdens commerce. The purpose of this chapter is to promote employment based on ability, prohibit arbitrary age discrimination, and assist in resolving employment issues related to age.

2. §623 — Prohibition of age discrimination

   This section prohibits age discrimination in employment practices by employers, employment agencies, and labor organizations, covering hiring, discharge, compensation, and other terms of employment. It also specifies lawful exceptions to these prohibitions, including those based on bona fide occupational qualifications, seniority systems, employee benefit plans, and special rules concerning pension benefits and foreign operations.

3. §626 — Recordkeeping, investigation, and enforcement

   This section outlines the recordkeeping, investigation, and enforcement powers of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission regarding age discrimination. It details procedures for enforcement, civil actions by aggrieved persons, requirements for filing charges, and conditions for the valid waiver of rights or claims under this chapter.

4. §631 — Age limits

   This section defines the age limits for individuals protected under this chapter, specifically limiting prohibitions to those at least 40 years of age, and outlines exceptions allowing for the compulsory retirement of bona fide executives or high policymakers aged 65 or older under specific conditions related to their retirement benefits.

Chapter 15

1. §651 — Congressional statement of findings and declaration of purpose and policy

   This section presents Congress's findings that work-related injuries and illnesses burden interstate commerce and declares the policy to ensure safe and healthful working conditions. It outlines 13 methods, including encouraging employer-employee efforts, establishing mandatory standards, conducting research, providing training, and enabling effective enforcement, to achieve this policy.

2. §654 — Duties of employers and employees

   This section outlines the primary duties of both employers and employees concerning occupational safety and health. Employers are required to provide a safe workplace free from recognized hazards and comply with established safety and health standards, while employees must adhere to all applicable safety and health standards, rules, regulations, and orders.

3. §655 — Standards

   This section outlines the procedures for the promulgation, modification, and revocation of occupational safety and health standards by the Secretary, including provisions for national consensus standards, emergency temporary standards, and granting variances. It also details requirements for public input, scientific basis for standards, labeling, medical examinations, and judicial review.

4. §657 — Inspections, investigations, and recordkeeping

   This section grants the Secretary authority to conduct workplace inspections and investigations, establishing guidelines for entry, evidence collection, and subpoena enforcement. It mandates employer recordkeeping for occupational safety and health, details procedures for employee-initiated inspections, and outlines rules for information gathering and the use of enforcement activity results.

5. §660 — Judicial review

   This section details the judicial review process for orders of the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission, allowing aggrieved persons or the Secretary to petition federal courts of appeals. It also prohibits discharge or discrimination against employees for exercising rights under this chapter and outlines procedures for seeking relief from such discrimination.

6. §666 — Civil and criminal penalties

   This section outlines the civil and criminal penalties for violations of occupational safety and health requirements, including those for willful, repeated, serious, or non-serious violations, failure to correct violations, and actions causing employee death. It also addresses penalties for giving advance notice of inspections and making false statements, and details the Commission's authority to assess penalties and the procedure for their payment.

Chapter 18

1. §1001 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

   This section outlines Congressional findings on the rapid growth and interstate impact of employee benefit plans, declaring a policy to protect interstate commerce, the Federal taxing power, and beneficiaries through disclosure, reporting, fiduciary standards, funding minimums, and termination insurance to ensure financial soundness and equitable character.

2. §1002 — Definitions For purposes of this subchapter:

   This section provides comprehensive definitions for key terms used within this subchapter, including various types of employee benefit plans, associated entities like employers and fiduciaries, actuarial terms, and specific plan categories such as governmental, church, multiemployer, and pooled employer plans, along with pension-linked emergency savings accounts.

3. §1022 — Summary plan description

4. §1023 — Annual reports

5. §1024 — Filing with Secretary and furnishing information to participants and certain employers

6. §1052 — Minimum participation standards (a)(1)(A) No pension plan may require, as a condition of participation in the plan, that an employee complete a period of service with the employer or employers maintaining the plan extending beyond the later of the following dates-

   This section establishes minimum participation standards for pension plans, outlining age and service requirements, definitions for 'year of service' and 'hour of service,' and special rules for breaks in service, part-time employees, and certain exceptions related to educational organizations or specific benefit structures.

7. §1053 — Minimum vesting standards

   This section outlines the minimum vesting standards for pension plans, detailing nonforfeitability requirements for accrued benefits derived from employer and employee contributions, specifying rules for computation of service and breaks in service, and addressing plan amendments and distributions.

8. §1054 — Benefit accrual requirements

   This section outlines comprehensive benefit accrual requirements for pension plans, detailing rules for defined benefit and defined contribution plans, addressing factors like age, service, plan amendments, and diversification, and imposing restrictions on benefit increases during bankruptcy.

9. §1055 — Requirement of joint and survivor annuity and preretirement survivor annuity

10. §1056 — Form and payment of benefits

11. §1102 — Establishment of plan

12. §1104 — Fiduciary duties

13. §1113 — Limitation of actions No action may be commenced under this subchapter with respect to a fiduciary's breach of any responsibility, duty, or obligation under this part, or with respect to a violation of this part, after the earlier of-

14. §1132 — Civil enforcement

    This section details the civil enforcement provisions for employee benefit plans under ERISA, outlining who can bring civil actions, the types of relief available, penalties for non-compliance, jurisdiction of courts, and the roles of the Secretaries of Labor and the Treasury in enforcement.

15. §1133 — Claims procedure In accordance with regulations of the Secretary, every employee benefit plan shall-

16. §1140 — Interference with protected rights It shall be unlawful for any person to discharge, fine, suspend, expel, discipline, or discriminate against a participant or beneficiary for exercising any right to which he is entitled under the provisions of an employee benefit plan, this subchapter, section 1201 of this title, or the Welfare and Pension Plans Disclosure Act [29 U.S.C. 301 et seq.], or for the purpose of interfering with the attainment of any right to which such participant may become entitled under the plan, this subchapter, or the Welfare and Pension Plans Disclosure Act. It shall be unlawful for any person to discharge, fine, suspend, expel, or discriminate against any person because he has given information or has testified or is about to testify in any inquiry or proceeding relating to this chapter or the Welfare and Pension Plans Disclosure Act. In the case of a multiemployer plan, it shall be unlawful for the plan sponsor or any other person to discriminate against any contributing employer for exercising rights under this chapter or for giving information or testifying in any inquiry or proceeding relating to this chapter before Congress. The provisions of section 1132 of this title shall be applicable in the enforcement of this section. ( Pub. L. 93–406, title I, §510, Sept. 2, 1974, 88 Stat. 895 ; Pub. L. 109–280, title II, §205, Aug. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 889 .)

    This section makes it unlawful to discharge, fine, suspend, expel, discipline, or discriminate against participants, beneficiaries, or contributing employers for exercising their rights under an employee benefit plan or for providing information or testimony in related inquiries or proceedings. Enforcement is governed by section 1132 of this title.

17. §1144 — Other laws

    This section outlines the supersedure of State laws by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) concerning employee benefit plans, with specific exceptions for State laws regulating insurance, banking, or securities, as well as particular provisions related to the Hawaii Prepaid Health Care Act and multiple employer welfare arrangements. It also defines terms and addresses automatic contribution arrangements within employee benefit plans.

Chapter 22

1. §2002 — Prohibitions on lie detector use Except as provided in sections 2006 and 2007 of this title, it shall be unlawful for any employer engaged in or affecting commerce or in the production of goods for commerce-

   This section prohibits most private employers from using lie detector tests in employment, making it unlawful to require, request, suggest, or use results from such tests, or to discriminate against employees who refuse to take them or exercise their rights under this chapter, with exceptions specified in other sections of this title.

Chapter 28

1. §2601 — Findings and purposes

   This section outlines Congressional findings regarding the increasing number of working parents, the importance of parental participation in childrearing, inadequate job security for those with serious health conditions, and the disproportionate impact of family caretaking on women. It establishes the purposes of the Act: to balance workplace demands with family needs, promote family stability, and entitle employees to reasonable leave for medical and family reasons in a gender-neutral manner, while accommodating employer interests and promoting equal employment opportunity.

2. §2611 — Definitions As used in this subchapter:

   This section provides comprehensive definitions for key terms used within the subchapter of the Family and Medical Leave Act, including criteria for "eligible employee" and "employer," various types of employment benefits, health care providers, and specific terms related to military family leave such as "covered active duty" and "serious injury or illness."

3. §2612 — Leave requirement

   This section outlines the requirements for eligible employees to take leave, including 12 workweeks for birth, adoption, foster care, or serious health conditions for themselves or family members, and 26 workweeks for caring for a covered servicemember. It also details rules for intermittent leave, substitution of paid leave, notice requirements for foreseeable leave, and limitations for spouses employed by the same employer.

4. §2614 — Employment and benefits protection

   This section outlines the employment and benefits protection provided to eligible employees who take leave under the Family and Medical Leave Act, ensuring restoration to their original or an equivalent position with equivalent benefits and prohibiting loss of accrued benefits. It also specifies an exemption for certain highly compensated employees, requirements for maintaining health benefits during leave, and conditions for recovering health premiums if an employee fails to return from leave.

5. §2615 — Prohibited acts

   This section defines prohibited acts under the subchapter, making it unlawful for employers to interfere with, restrain, or deny the exercise of employee rights, or to discriminate against individuals for opposing unlawful practices. It also prohibits discrimination against any person for filing charges, instituting proceedings, providing information, or testifying in relation to rights provided under this subchapter.

6. §2616 — Investigative authority

7. §2617 — Enforcement

   This section outlines the enforcement mechanisms for violations of the Family and Medical Leave Act, detailing the liabilities of employers in civil actions by employees, the Secretary of Labor's authority to investigate and bring actions, statutory limitations on such actions, and the types of injunctive relief available. It also specifies the roles of the Solicitor of Labor and the enforcement responsibilities of the Government Accountability Office and the Library of Congress.

8. §2619 — Notice

9. §2654 — Regulations The Secretary of Labor shall prescribe such regulations as are necessary to carry out subchapter I and this subchapter not later than 120 days after February 5, 1993. ( Pub. L. 103–3, title IV, §404, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 26 .)

Title 30

1. §22 — Lands open to purchase by citizens Except as otherwise provided, all valuable mineral deposits in lands belonging to the United States, both surveyed and unsurveyed, shall be free and open to exploration and purchase, and the lands in which they are found to occupation and purchase, by citizens of the United States and those who have declared their intention to become such, under regulations prescribed by law, and according to the local customs or rules of miners in the several mining districts, so far as the same are applicable and not inconsistent with the laws of the United States. (R.S. §2319.)

2. §1201 — Congressional findings The Congress finds and declares that-

3. §1254 — Federal programs

4. §1300 — Indian lands

Title 31

1. §3554 — Decisions on protests (a)(1) To the maximum extent practicable, the Comptroller General shall provide for the inexpensive and expeditious resolution of protests under this subchapter. Except as provided under paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Comptroller General shall issue a final decision concerning a protest within 100 days after the date the protest is submitted to the Comptroller General.

2. §3711 — Collection and compromise

3. §3716 — Administrative offset

4. §3729 — False claims

5. §3730 — Civil actions for false claims

6. §3801 — Definitions

7. §7502 — Audit requirements; exemptions (a)(1)(A) Each non-Federal entity that expends a total amount of Federal awards equal to or in excess of $300,000 or such other amount specified by the Director under subsection (a)(3) in any fiscal year of such non-Federal entity shall have either a single audit or a program-specific audit made for such fiscal year in accordance with the requirements of this chapter.

Title 32

1. §101 — Definitions

2. §102 — General policy

3. §103 — Branches and organizations

4. §104 — Section 1. Council of Governors.

5. §104 — Units: location; organization; command

6. §105 — Inspection

7. §106 — Annual appropriations

8. §107 — Availability of appropriations

9. §108 — Forfeiture of Federal benefits

10. §109 — Maintenance of other troops

11. §110 — Regulations

12. §111 — Section 323(e) of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1630(2) , Oct. 5, 1994 , 108 Stat. 2964 .

13. §111 — Suspension of certain provisions of this title

14. §112 — Drug interdiction and counter-drug activities

15. §113 — Federal financial assistance for support of additional duties assigned to the Army National Guard

16. §114 — Funeral honors functions at funerals for veterans

17. §115 — Funeral honors duty performed as a Federal function

18. §301 — Federal recognition of enlisted members

19. §302 — Enlistments, reenlistments, and extensions

20. §303 — Active and inactive enlistments and transfers

21. §304 — Enlistment oath

22. §305 — Federal recognition of commissioned officers: persons eligible

23. §307 — Federal recognition of officers: examination; certificate of eligibility

24. §308 — Federal recognition of officers: temporary recognition

25. §309 — Federal recognition of National Guard officers: officers promoted to fill vacancies

26. §310 — Federal recognition of National Guard officers: automatic recognition

27. §312 — Appointment oath

28. §313 — Appointments and enlistments: age limitations

29. §314 — Adjutants general

30. §315 — Detail of regular members of Army and Air Force to duty with National Guard

31. §316 — Detail of members of Army National Guard for rifle instruction of civilians

32. §317 — Command during joint exercises with Federal troops

33. §322 — Discharge of enlisted members

34. §323 — Withdrawal of Federal recognition

35. §324 — Discharge of officers; termination of appointment

36. §325 — Relief from National Guard duty when ordered to active duty

37. §326 — Courts-martial of National Guard not in Federal service: composition, jurisdiction, and procedures

38. §327 — Courts-martial of National Guard not in Federal service: convening authority

39. §328 — Active Guard and Reserve duty: Governor’s authority

40. §329 — Prohibition on private funding for interstate deployment

41. §501 — Training generally

42. §502 — Required drills and field exercises

43. §502 — Sec. 2. Support of Operations or Missions to Prevent and Respond to the Spread of COVID–19 . (a) The Secretary of Defense shall, to the maximum extent feasible and consistent with mission requirements (including geographic proximity), request pursuant to 32 U.S.C. 502(f) that all State and territorial governors order National Guard forces to perform duty to fulfill mission assignments, on a fully reimbursable basis, that the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) issues to the Department of Defense for the purpose of supporting State, local, Tribal, and territorial emergency assistance efforts under the Stafford Act.

44. §502 — Sec. 3. Assistance for Category B Emergency Protective Measures . (a) In accordance with sections 403 ( 42 U.S.C. 5170b ) and 502 ( 42 U.S.C. 5192 ) of the Stafford Act, FEMA shall, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, make available under Category B of the Public Assistance program such assistance as may be required by States (including territories and the District of Columbia), local governments, and Tribal governments to provide for the safe opening and operation of eligible schools, child-care facilities, healthcare facilities, non-congregate shelters, domestic violence shelters, transit systems, and other eligible applicants. Such assistance may include funding for the provision of personal protective equipment and disinfecting services and supplies.

45. §502 — Sec. 4. Advanced Reimbursement . To make reimbursements for approved work under the Stafford Act to respond to COVID–19 available more quickly, FEMA shall expedite reimbursement for eligible emergency work projects and, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, provide an advance of the Federal share on a percentage of the expected reimbursement from FEMA-approved projects.

46. §502 — Sec. 5. One-Hundred Percent Cost Share Termination . The 100 percent Federal cost share for use of National Guard forces authorized by section 2(b) of this memorandum shall extend to, and shall be available for, orders of any length authorizing duty through September 30, 2021 .

47. §502 — Sec. 6. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

48. §502 — Section 1. Policy . Consistent with the nationwide emergency declaration concerning the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) pandemic on March 13, 2020 , it is the policy of my Administration to combat and respond to COVID–19 with the full capacity and capability of the Federal Government to protect and support our families, schools, and businesses, and to assist State, local, Tribal, and territorial governments to do the same, to the extent authorized by law.

49. §503 — Participation in field exercises

50. §504 — National Guard schools and small arms competitions

51. §505 — Army and Air Force schools and field exercises

52. §506 — Assignment and detail of members of Regular Army or Regular Air Force for instruction of National Guard

53. §507 — Instruction in firing; supply of ammunition

54. §508 — Assistance for certain youth and charitable organizations

55. §509 — National Guard Youth Challenge Program of opportunities for civilian youth

56. §510 — Authorization for FireGuard Program

57. §701 — Uniforms, arms, and equipment to be same as Army or Air Force

58. §702 — Issue of supplies

59. §703 — Purchases of supplies by States from Army or Air Force

60. §704 — Accountability: relief from upon order to active duty

61. §705 — Purchase of uniforms and equipment by officers of National Guard from Army or Air Force

62. §706 — Return of arms and equipment upon relief from Federal service

63. §706 — Section 325(b) of this title , referred to in text, was redesignated section 325(c) of this title by Pub. L. 110–417 , [div. A], title V, § 517(b)(1), Oct. 14, 2008 , 122 Stat. 4442 .

64. §707 — Use of public buildings for offices by instructors

65. §708 — Property and fiscal officers

66. §709 — Section 717 of the Civil Rights Act of 1991, referred to in subsec. (f)(5), probably means section 717 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Pub. L. 88–352, title VII , as added Pub. L. 92–261, § 11 , Mar. 24, 1972 , 86 Stat. 111 , which is classified to section 2000e–16 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare. The Civil Rights Act of 1991 does not contain a section 717.

67. §709 — Technicians: employment, use, status

68. §710 — Accountability for property issued to the National Guard

69. §710 — Section 4(b)(22) of the Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act, 1934, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 4(b)(22) of act June 26, 1934, ch. 756 , 48 Stat. 1228 , which was classified to section 725c(b)(22) of former Title 31, and was omitted from the Code in the general revision and reenactment of Title 31, Money and Finance, by Pub. L. 97–258 , Sept. 13, 1982 , 96 Stat. 877 .

70. §711 — Disposition of obsolete or condemned property

71. §712 — Disposition of proceeds of condemned stores issued to National Guard

72. §713 — Official mail: free transmission

73. §714 — Final settlement of accounts: deceased members

74. §715 — Property loss; personal injury or death: activities under certain sections of this title

75. §716 — Claims for overpayment of pay and allowances, and travel and transportation allowances

76. §901 — Definitions

77. §902 — Homeland defense activities: funds

78. §903 — Regulations

79. §904 — Homeland defense duty

80. §905 — Funding assistance

81. §906 — Requests for funding assistance

82. §907 — Relationship to State duty

83. §908 — Annual report

Title 33

1. §1251 — Congressional declaration of goals and policy

2. §1288 — Areawide waste treatment management

3. §1311 — Effluent limitations

4. §1312 — Water quality related effluent limitations

5. §1314 — Information and guidelines

6. §1316 — National standards of performance

7. §1317 — Toxic and pretreatment effluent standards

8. §1318 — Records and reports; inspections

9. §1323 — Federal facilities pollution control

10. §1324 — Clean lakes

11. §1326 — Thermal discharges

12. §1341 — Certification

13. §1342 — National pollutant discharge elimination system

14. §1343 — Ocean discharge criteria

15. §1344 — Permits for dredged or fill material

16. §1362 — Definitions Except as otherwise specifically provided, when used in this chapter:

17. §1365 — Citizen suits

18. §1367 — Employee protection

19. §1401 — Congressional finding, policy, and declaration of purpose

Title 34

1. §10101 — Establishment of Office of Justice Programs

2. §10102 — Duties and functions of Assistant Attorney General

3. §10103 — Office of Weed and Seed Strategies

4. §10104 — Weed and Seed strategies

5. §10105 — Inclusion of Indian tribes

6. §10106 — Community Capacity Development Office

7. §10106 — Section 10103(b) of this title , referred to in subsecs. (a)(2) and (e), probably should be a reference to section 10109(b) of this title because section 10103(b) relates to Director assistance and section 10109(b) specifically sets out covered programs.

8. §10107 — Division of Applied Law Enforcement Technology

9. §10108 — Availability of funds

10. §10109 — Office of Audit, Assessment, and Management

11. §10110 — Office of Justice Programs grants, cooperative agreements, and contracts

12. §10111 — Consolidation of financial management systems of Office of Justice Programs

13. §10112 — Senior Policy Advisor on Culturally Specific Communities within the Office of Justice Programs

14. §10121 — Statement of purpose

15. §10122 — National Institute of Justice

16. §10123 — Authority for 100 per centum grants

17. §10131 — Statement of purpose

18. §10132 — Bureau of Justice Statistics

19. §10133 — Authority for 100 per centum grants

20. §10134 — Use of data

21. §10141 — Establishment of Bureau of Justice Assistance

22. §10142 — Duties and functions of Director

23. §10151 — Name of program

24. §10152 — Description

25. §10153 — Applications

26. §10154 — Review of applications

27. §10155 — Rules

28. §10156 — Formula

29. §10157 — Reserved funds

30. §10158 — Interest-bearing trust funds

31. §10159 — Law enforcement training programs

32. §10159 — Section 10381(n) of this title , referred to in text, was redesignated section 10381( o ) of this title by Pub. L. 118–64, § 3 , May 24, 2024 , 138 Stat. 1435 .

33. §10171 — Correctional options grants

34. §10172 — Allocation of funds; administrative provisions

35. §10181 — Application requirements

36. §10182 — Period of award

37. §10191 — Crime prevention campaign grant

38. §10201 — Evaluation

39. §10202 — General provisions

40. §10203 — Reports

41. §10211 — Training and manpower development

42. §10221 — Rules, regulations, and procedures; consultations and establishment

43. §10222 — Notice and hearing on denial or termination of grant

44. §10223 — Finality of determinations

45. §10224 — Delegation of functions

46. §10225 — Subpoena power; employment of hearing officers; authority to hold hearings

47. §10226 — Personnel and administrative authority

48. §10227 — Section 1408, referred to in text, is section 1408 of Pub. L. 90–351 , which was classified to section 3796aa–7 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40156(c)(8) , Sept. 13, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1924 .

49. §10227 — Title to personal property

50. §10228 — Prohibition of Federal control over State and local criminal justice agencies; prohibition of discrimination

51. §10228 — Section 804, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(H), is section 804 of title I of Pub. L. 90–351 , which was classified to section 3785 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, § 1155(3) , Jan. 5, 2006 , 119 Stat. 3114 .

52. §10229 — Report to President and Congress

53. §10230 — Other administrative provisions

54. §10231 — Confidentiality of information

55. §10232 — Administration of juvenile delinquency programs

56. §10233 — Prohibition on land acquisition

57. §10234 — Prohibition on use of Central Intelligence Agency services

58. §10235 — Indian liability waiver

59. §10236 — District of Columbia matching fund source

60. §10237 — Limitation on civil justice matters

61. §10238 — Accountability and oversight

62. §10251 — General provisions

63. §10261 — Authorization of appropriations

64. §10261 — Part F, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is part F of title I of Pub. L. 90–351 , which was classified to subchapter VI (§§ 3769 to 3769d) of chapter 46 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, § 1154(a) , Jan. 5, 2006 , 119 Stat. 3113 .

65. §10261 — Part V, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), (20), is former part V of title I of Pub. L. 90–351 , which was classified to former subchapter XII–J (§§ 3796ii to 3796ii–8) of chapter 46 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–134, title I, § 101[(a)] [title I, § 114(b)(1)(A)], Apr. 26, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1321 , 1321–21; renumbered title I, Pub. L. 104–140, § 1(a) , May 2, 1996 , 110 Stat. 1327 . Subsequently, a new Part V was enacted by Pub. L. 106–515, § 3(a) , Nov. 13, 2000 , 114 Stat. 2399 , and is classified to subchapter XXI of this chapter.

66. §10261 — Section 10741(a)(4) of subchapter XL, referred to in subsec. (a)(28), was in the original “section 3031(a)(4) of part NN”, and was translated as meaning section 3041(a)(4) of part NN of title I of Pub. L. 90–351 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Part NN only comprises section 3041.

67. §10261 — Section 2401(c) of title II of Division B of the 21st Century Department of Justice Appropriations Authorization Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(25)(C), probably means section 2301(c) of title II of div. B of Pub. L. 107–273 , Nov. 2, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1798 , which is not classified to the Code. Pub. L. 107–273 does not contain a section 2401.

68. §10262 — State and local governments to consider courts

69. §10263 — Oversight and accountability

70. §10271 — Misuse of Federal assistance

71. §10272 — Falsification or concealment of facts

72. §10273 — Conspiracy to commit offense against United States

73. §10281 — Payment of death benefits

74. §10281 — Section 12 of the Act of September 1, 1916 , referred to in subsec. (f)(1), is section 12 of act Sept. 1, 1916, ch. 433 , 39 Stat. 718 , which is not classified to the Code.

75. §10282 — Limitations on benefits

76. §10283 — National programs for families of public safety officers who have sustained fatal or catastrophic injury in the line of duty

77. §10284 — Definitions

78. §10285 — Administrative provisions

79. §10286 — Expedited payment for public safety officers involved in the prevention, investigation, rescue, or recovery efforts related to a terrorist attack

80. §10287 — Funds available for appeals and expenses of representation of hearing examiners

81. §10288 — Due diligence in paying benefit claims

82. §10301 — Purposes

83. §10302 — Basic eligibility

84. §10303 — Applications; approval

85. §10304 — Regulations

86. §10305 — Discontinuation for unsatisfactory conduct or progress

87. §10306 — Special rule

88. §10307 — Definitions

89. §10308 — Authorization of appropriations

90. §10321 — Regional information sharing systems grants

91. §10331 — Function of Director

92. §10332 — Description of grant program

93. §10333 — Applications to receive grants

94. §10334 — Review of applications

95. §10335 — Reports

96. §10336 — Expenditure of grants; records

97. §10337 — Definitions

98. §10351 — Rural drug enforcement assistance

99. §10352 — Other requirements

100. §10361 — Grant authorization

101. §10362 — State applications

102. §10363 — Review of State applications

103. §10364 — Local applications

104. §10365 — Distribution of funds

105. §10366 — Evaluation

106. §10367 — “Local entity” defined

107. §10381 — Authority to make public safety and community policing grants

108. §10382 — Applications

109. §10383 — Renewal of grants

110. §10384 — Limitation on use of funds

111. §10385 — Performance evaluation

112. §10386 — Revocation or suspension of funding

113. §10387 — Access to documents

114. §10388 — General regulatory authority

115. §10389 — Definitions

116. §10401 — Program authorized

117. §10402 — Section 1810(b), referred to in subsec. (a), is section 1810(b) of title I of Pub. L. 90–351 , as added by Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, § 12102(a) , Nov. 2, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1868 , which was classified to section 3796ee–10 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, and was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

118. §10402 — Tribal grant program authorized

119. §10403 — Grant eligibility

120. §10404 — Allocation and distribution of funds

121. §10405 — Guidelines

122. §10406 — Payment requirements

123. §10407 — Utilization of private sector

124. §10408 — Administrative provisions

125. §10409 — Assessment reports

126. §10410 — Definitions

127. §10421 — Grant authorization

128. §10422 — State applications

129. §10423 — Review of State applications

130. §10424 — Allocation and distribution of funds

131. §10425 — Evaluation

132. §10426 — National training center for prison drug rehabilitation program personnel

133. §10441 — Purpose of program and grants

134. §10442 — Establishment of Office on Violence Against Women

135. §10443 — Director of Office on Violence Against Women

136. §10444 — Duties and functions of Director of Office on Violence Against Women

137. §10445 — Staff of Office on Violence Against Women

138. §10446 — Section 10181 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (d) and (e)(1)(B), was in the original “section 513”, and was translated as reading “section 517”, meaning section 517 of title I of Pub. L. 90–351 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Pub. L. 90–351 does not contain a section 513, but section 10181 of this title was section 513 of Pub. L. 90–351 prior to renumbering as section 517 by Pub. L. 101–647, title XVIII, § 1801(a)(6) , Nov. 29, 1990 , 104 Stat. 4847 .

139. §10446 — State grants

140. §10447 — Definitions and grant conditions

141. §10448 — General terms and conditions

142. §10449 — Rape exam payments

143. §10450 — Costs for criminal charges and protection orders

144. §10451 — Polygraph testing prohibition

145. §10452 — Grants to Indian tribal governments

146. §10453 — Section 20126 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(E), was in the original “section 903” and was translated as meaning section 903 of Pub. L. 109–162 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because there is no section 903 of Pub. L. 90–351 .

147. §10453 — Tribal Deputy

148. §10454 — Grant eligibility regarding compelling victim testimony

149. §10455 — Senior Policy Advisor for Culturally Specific Communities

150. §10461 — Grants

151. §10462 — Applications

152. § 10462a. Grants to State and Tribal courts to implement protection order pilot programs

153. §10463 — Reports

154. §10464 — Regulations or guidelines

155. §10465 — Definitions and grant conditions

156. §10471 — Grant authority

157. §10472 — Definitions

158. §10473 — Administration

159. §10474 — Applications

160. §10475 — Federal share

161. §10476 — Geographic distribution

162. §10477 — Report

163. §10478 — Technical assistance, training, and evaluation

164. §10479 — Mental health responses in the judicial system

165. §10491 — Duties

166. §10492 — General authorization

167. §10493 — Uses of funds

168. §10494 — Applications

169. §10495 — Award of grants; limitation

170. §10496 — Discretionary research grants

171. §10497 — Reports

172. §10498 — Definitions

173. §10511 — Grant authorization

174. §10512 — Applications

175. §10513 — Application requirements

176. §10514 — Administrative provisions

177. §10515 — Restrictions on use of funds

178. §10516 — Reports

179. §10517 — Expenditure records

180. §10530 — Patrick Leahy Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Program

181. §10531 — Program authorized

182. §10532 — Applications

183. §10533 — Definitions

184. §10534 — James Guelff and Chris McCurley Body Armor Act of 2002

185. §10541 — Continuation of rules, authorities, and proceedings

186. §10541 — Section 404(c)(3), referred to in subsec. (j), is a reference to section 404(c)(3) of title I of Pub. L. 90–351 , as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2 , Dec. 27, 1979 , 93 Stat. 1188 , as in effect prior to the general amendment of section 404 by Pub. L. 98–473 , and subsequent repeal by Pub. L. 100–690, title VI, § 6091(a) , Nov. 18, 1988 , 102 Stat. 4328 .

187. §10551 — Program authorized

188. §10552 — Applications

189. §10553 — Annual report to Congress; grant accountability

190. §10553 — Section 10706 of this title (relating to grant accountability) shall apply to grants awarded by the COPS Director and the BJA Director under this subchapter. For purposes of the preceding sentence, any references in section 10706 of this title to the Attorney General shall be considered references to the COPS Director or the BJA Director, as appropriate, and any references in that section to subchapter XXXVIII shall be considered references to this subchapter.

191. §10554 — Definitions

192. §10555 — Authorization of appropriations

193. §10556 — Rules of construction

194. §10561 — Grant authorization

195. §10562 — Applications

196. §10563 — Allocation

197. §10564 — Use of grants

198. §10565 — Administrative provisions

199. §10566 — Reports

200. §10591 — Grants authorized

201. §10592 — Use of grant funds

202. §10593 — Program requirements

203. §10594 — Applications

204. §10595 — Reports

205. § 10595a. Authorization of appropriations

206. §10596 — Definitions

207. §10611 — Grant authority

208. §10612 — Prohibition of participation by violent offenders

209. §10613 — Definition

210. §10614 — Administration

211. §10615 — Applications

212. §10616 — Federal share

213. §10617 — Distribution and allocation

214. §10618 — Report

215. §10619 — Technical assistance, training, and evaluation

216. §10631 — Adult and juvenile offender State and local reentry demonstration projects

217. §10631 — Section 60541(d)(3)(B) of this title , referred to in subsec. (j)(2)(A), was in the original “section 234(c)(2) of the Second Chance Act of 2007”, and was translated as reading “section 231(d)(3)(B) of the Second Chance Act of 2007”, meaning section 231(d)(3)(B) of Pub. L. 110–199 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because Pub. L. 110–199 does not contain a section 234(c)(2), and section 231(d)(3)(B) of Pub. L. 110–199 relates to the selection of a measure for recidivism to be used by the Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics.

218. §10632 — State reentry project evaluation

219. §10641 — Grant authority

220. §10642 — Use of funds

221. §10643 — Statewide strategic prevention plan

222. §10644 — Requirements

223. §10651 — Adult and juvenile collaboration programs

224. § 10651a. Veteran Treatment Court Program

225. §10652 — National criminal justice and mental health training and technical assistance

226. §10653 — Creation of a TBI and PTSD training for first responders

227. §10661 — Authority to make grants to address public safety and methamphetamine manufacturing, sale, and use in hot spots

228. §10662 — Funding

229. §10663 — Grants for programs for drug-endangered children

230. §10664 — Authority to award competitive grants to address methamphetamine use by pregnant and parenting women offenders

231. §10671 — Grant authorization

232. §10691 — Sex offender apprehension grants

233. §10692 — Juvenile sex offender treatment grants

234. §10701 — Description

235. §10702 — Applications

236. §10703 — Review of applications

237. §10704 — Equitable distribution of funds

238. §10705 — Definitions

239. §10705 — Section 290bb–1(r)(6) of title 42 , referred to in par. (8), was redesignated section 290bb–1(r)(5) of title 42 by Pub. L. 117–328, div. FF, title I, § 1114(2) , Dec. 29, 2022 , 136 Stat. 5647 .

240. §10706 — Grant accountability

241. §10707 — Evaluation of performance of Department of Justice programs

242. §10721 — Establishment of grant program

243. §10722 — Purposes

244. §10723 — Authorized programs

245. §10724 — Application

246. §10725 — Eligibility

247. §10726 — Rules and regulations

248. §10741 — Grant program to evaluate and improve educational methods at prisons, jails, and juvenile facilities

249. §10751 — Grant authorization

250. §10751 — Section 223(d) of the Protecting Access to Medicare Act of 2014, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is section 223(d) of Pub. L. 113–93 , which is set out as a note under section 1396a of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

251. §10752 — Applications

252. §10753 — Review of applications

253. §10754 — Evaluation

254. §10755 — Authorization of funding

255. §11101 — Findings

256. §11102 — Purposes

257. §11103 — Definitions

258. §11111 — Establishment

259. §11112 — Personnel

260. §11113 — Voluntary and uncompensated services

261. §11114 — Concentration of Federal efforts

262. §11115 — Joint funding; non-Federal share requirements

263. §11116 — Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

264. §11117 — Annual report

265. §11131 — Authority to make grants and contracts

266. §11132 — Allocation of funds

267. §11133 — Section 3785 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, § 1155(3) , Jan. 5, 2006 , 119 Stat. 3114 .

268. §11133 — State plans

269. §11161 — Research and evaluation; statistical analyses; information dissemination

270. §11162 — Training and technical assistance

271. §11171 — Grants and projects

272. §11172 — Grants for technical assistance

273. §11173 — Eligibility

274. §11174 — Reports

275. §11182 — Administrative authority

276. §11183 — Withholding

277. §11184 — Use of funds

278. §11185 — Payments

279. §11186 — Confidentiality of program records

280. §11187 — Limitations on use of funds

281. §11188 — Rules of construction

282. §11189 — Leasing surplus Federal property

283. §11190 — Issuance of rules

284. §11191 — Content of materials

285. §11201 — Findings

286. §11202 — Promulgation of rules

287. §11211 — Authority to make grants

288. §11212 — Eligibility; plan requirements

289. §11213 — Approval of applications

290. §11214 — Grants to private entities; staffing

291. §11214 — Section 315 of title III of Pub. L. 93–415 , as added Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, § 7277 , Nov. 18, 1988 , 102 Stat. 4457 , related to authority of the Secretary to make grants for research, demonstration, and service projects, and was classified to section 5712c of Title 42 , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–586 .

292. §11214 — Section 316 of title III of Pub. L. 93–415 , as added Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40155 , Sept. 13, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1922 , related to grants for prevention of sexual abuse and exploitation, and was classified to section 5712d of Title 42 , prior to repeal by Pub. L. 109–162 .

293. §11221 — Authority for program

294. §11222 — Eligibility

295. §11231 — Authority to make grants

296. §11241 — Coordination

297. §11242 — Grants for technical assistance and training

298. §11243 — Authority to make grants for research, evaluation, demonstration, and service projects

299. §11243 — Section 7102(9), (10), and (15) of title 22, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), was redesignated section 7102(11), (12), and (17), respectively, of title 22 by Pub. L. 115–427, § 2(1) , Jan. 9, 2019 , 132 Stat. 5503 .

300. §11244 — Demonstration projects to provide services to youth in rural areas

301. §11245 — Periodic estimate of incidence and prevalence of youth homelessness

302. §11261 — Authority to make grants

303. §11261 — Section 7102(9) and (10) of title 22, referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated section 7102(11) and (12), respectively, of title 22 by Pub. L. 115–427, § 2(1) , Jan. 9, 2019 , 132 Stat. 5503 .

304. §11271 — Assistance to potential grantees

305. §11272 — Lease of surplus Federal facilities for use as runaway and homeless youth centers or as transitional living youth shelter facilities

306. §11273 — Reports

307. §11274 — Federal and non-Federal share; methods of payment

308. §11275 — Restrictions on disclosure and transfer

309. §11276 — Consolidated review of applications

310. §11277 — Evaluation and information

311. §11278 — Performance standards

312. §11279 — Definitions

313. §11280 — Authorization of appropriations

314. §11281 — Restriction on use of funds

315. §11291 — Findings

316. §11292 — Definitions

317. §11293 — Duties and functions of the Administrator

318. §11294 — Grants

319. §11295 — Criteria for grants

320. § 11295a. Reporting

321. §11296 — Oversight and accountability

322. §11297 — Authorization of appropriations

323. §11298 — Authority of Inspectors General

324. §11311 — Definitions

325. §11312 — Duties and functions of the Administrator

326. §11313 — Grants for local delinquency prevention programs

327. §11313 — Section 506, referred to in subsec. (b), means section 506 of Pub. L. 93–415 , which was formerly section 505 of the Act prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 115–385 , and was classified to section 5784 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to omission from the Code. After renumbering section 505 as 506, Pub. L. 115–385 went on to add a new section 505 of the Act and then repeal “section 505”, which was executed by repealing section 506 as renumbered, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. A new section relating to authorization of appropriations was enacted by Pub. L. 115–385 as section 601 of Pub. L. 93–415 and is classified to section 11321 of this title .

328. §11314 — Grants for tribal delinquency prevention and response programs

329. §11321 — Authorization of appropriations

330. §11322 — Accountability and oversight

331. §12101 — Definitions

332. §12102 — Authorization of grants

333. §12103 — Violent offender incarceration grants

334. §12104 — Truth-in-sentencing incentive grants

335. §12105 — Special rules

336. §12106 — Formula for grants

337. §12107 — Accountability

338. §12108 — Authorization of appropriations

339. §12109 — Payments for incarceration on tribal lands

340. §12110 — Payments to eligible States for incarceration of criminal aliens

341. §12110 — Section 1252(j) of title 8 , referred to in subsecs. (a) to (c), was redesignated section 1231(i) of title 8 by Pub. L. 104–208, div. C, title III, § 306(a)(1) , Sept. 30, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3009–607 .

342. §12111 — Support of Federal prisoners in non-Federal institutions

343. §12112 — Report by Attorney General

344. §12113 — Aimee’s Law

345. §12121 — Task force on prison construction standardization and techniques

346. §12122 — Efficiency in law enforcement and corrections

347. §12123 — Conversion of closed military installations into Federal prison facilities

348. §12124 — Correctional job training and placement

349. §12131 — Ounce of Prevention Council

350. §12132 — Ounce of prevention grant program

351. §12133 — “Indian tribe” defined

352. §12141 — Grant authorization

353. §12142 — Uses of funds

354. §12143 — Program requirements

355. §12144 — Applications

356. §12145 — Reports

357. §12146 — Definitions

358. §12161 — Community schools youth services and supervision grant program

359. §12161 — Section 1001 of title 20 , referred to in subsec. (b), does not have a subsec. (d) or (i) and does not define “elementary school” or “secondary school”. However, such terms are defined in section 1003 of Title 20 , Education.

360. §12171 — Grant authority

361. §12181 — Purpose

362. §12182 — Provision of assistance

363. §12183 — Approval of applications

364. §12184 — Availability of lines of credit and use

365. §12185 — Limitations on use of funds

366. §12186 — Program priority for special emphasis programs

367. §12186 — Section 31112(a)(2)(A), referred to in subsec. (b), probably should be a reference to section 31132(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–322 , title III, Sept. 13, 1994 , 108 Stat. 1888 , which authorized appropriations under this part and was formerly classified to section 13852 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to being omitted from the Code as obsolete.

368. §12201 — Community development corporation improvement grants

369. §12201 — Subpart 1, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A), was in the original “subtitle A”, and was translated as reading “chapter 1”, meaning chapter 1 of subtitle K of title III of Pub. L. 103–322 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

370. §12202 — Emerging community development corporation revolving loan funds

371. §12211 — Definitions

372. §12212 — Prohibition

373. §12221 — Grant authorization

374. §12222 — Use of funds

375. §12223 — Applications

376. §12224 — Allocation of funds; limitations on grants

377. §12225 — Award of grants

378. §12226 — Reports

379. §12227 — Definitions

380. §12241 — Purpose

381. §12242 — Definitions

382. §12251 — Authority to make grants

383. §12252 — Eligibility to receive grants

384. §12253 — Report

385. §12261 — Authority of Attorney General

386. §12261 — Section 13883 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (c), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

387. §12262 — Requirements

388. §12271 — Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of tuberculosis in correctional institutions

389. §12281 — Gang Resistance Education and Training projects

390. §12291 — Definitions and grant provisions

391. §12291 — Section 10228 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(13)(C), was in the original a reference to “ section 3789d of title 42 , United States Code” but probably should have been a reference to section 809 of Pub. L. 90–351 , which was formerly classified to section 3789d of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification as section 10228 of this title .

392. §12301 — Grants for capital improvements to prevent crime in public transportation

393. §12311 — Training programs

394. §12312 — Confidentiality of communications between sexual assault or domestic violence victims and their counselors

395. §12313 — Information programs

396. §12321 — Confidentiality of abused person’s address

397. §12321 — Section 10410 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was generally amended by Pub. L. 111–320, title II, § 201 , Dec. 20, 2010 , 124 Stat. 3497 , and, as so amended, no longer contains provisions relating to grants for State domestic violence coalitions. See section 10411 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

398. §12331 — Research agenda

399. §12332 — State databases

400. §12333 — Number and cost of injuries

401. §12341 — Rural domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, stalking, and child abuse enforcement assistance

402. §12351 — Transitional housing assistance grants for victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking

403. §12361 — Civil rights

404. §12371 — Grants authorized

405. §12372 — Section 10447 of this title , referred to in par. (10), was subsequently repealed and a new section 10447 enacted which does not define the terms “domestic violence” or “dating violence”. However, such terms are defined in section 12291 of this title .

406. §12372 — Training provided by grants

407. §12373 — Cooperation in developing programs in making grants under this part

408. §12381 — Authorization of circuit studies; education and training grants

409. §12391 — Payment of cost of testing for sexually transmitted diseases

410. §12392 — Enforcement of statutory rape laws

411. §12401 — Grant program

412. §12402 — Authorization of appropriations

413. §12403 — Application requirements

414. §12404 — Disbursement

415. §12405 — Technical assistance, training, and evaluations

416. §12406 — Section 10701 of title 42 , referred to in text, was in the original “section 202 of the State Justice Institute Authorization Act of 1984”, and was translated as reading “section 202 of the State Justice Institute Act of 1984”, which is section 202 of Pub. L. 98–620 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

417. §12406 — Training programs for judges

418. §12407 — Recommendations on intrastate communication

419. §12408 — Inclusion in National Incident-Based Reporting System

420. §12409 — Report to Congress

421. §12410 — Definitions

422. §12421 — Training and services to end abuse in later life

423. §12431 — Section 10447 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), was subsequently repealed and a new section 10447 enacted which does not define “domestic violence”. However, such term is defined in section 12291 of this title .

424. §12431 — Task force

425. §12441 — Grants to protect the privacy and confidentiality of victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking

426. §12442 — Purpose areas

427. §12443 — Eligible entities

428. §12444 — Grant conditions

429. §12451 — Creating hope through outreach, options, services, and education for children and youth (“CHOOSE Children & Youth”)

430. §12461 — Findings

431. §12462 — Purpose

432. §12463 — Saving money and reducing tragedies through prevention (SMART Prevention)

433. §12464 — Grants to support families in the justice system

434. §12464 — Section 10452 of this title , referred to in subsec. (f)(1), was in the original “ section 3796gg–10 of this title ”, and was translated as meaning section 2015 of Pub. L. 90–351 , which was classified to section 3796gg–10 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification as section 10452 of this title .

435. §12471 — Findings

436. §12472 — Purpose

437. §12473 — Definitions

438. §12474 — Collaborative grants to increase the long-term stability of victims

439. §12475 — Grants to combat violence against women in public and assisted housing

440. §12491 — Housing protections for victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking

441. §12492 — Compliance reviews

442. §12493 — Department of Housing and Urban Development Gender-based Violence Prevention Office and Violence Against Women Act Director

443. §12494 — Prohibition on retaliation

444. §12495 — Right to report crime and emergencies from one’s home

445. §12496 — Training and technical assistance grants

446. §12501 — Grant for national resource center on workplace responses to assist victims of domestic and sexual violence

447. §12511 — Sexual assault services program

448. §12512 — Working Group

449. §12513 — Demonstration program on trauma-informed, victim-centered training for law enforcement

450. §12514 — Pilot program on restorative practices

451. §12521 — Increased penalties for drug-dealing in “drug-free” zones

452. §12522 — Enhanced penalties for illegal drug use in Federal prisons and for smuggling drugs into Federal prisons

453. §12523 — Violent crime and drug emergency areas

454. §12531 — Juvenile anti-drug and anti-gang grants in federally assisted low-income housing

455. §12532 — Gang investigation coordination and information collection

456. §12541 — Rural Crime and Drug Enforcement Task Forces

457. §12542 — Rural drug enforcement training

458. §12551 — Purposes

459. §12552 — Definitions

460. §12553 — Establishment of Office of the Police Corps and Law Enforcement Education

461. §12554 — Designation of lead agency and submission of State plan

462. §12555 — Scholarship assistance

463. §12556 — Selection of participants

464. §12557 — Police Corps training

465. §12557 — Section 12559 of this title , referred to in subsec. (c), was in the original “section 10”, and was translated as reading “section 200110”, meaning section 200110 of Pub. L. 103–322 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because Pub. L. 103–322 does not contain a section 10, and section 12559 of this title relates to requirements for State Police Corps plans.

466. §12558 — Service obligation

467. §12559 — State plan requirements

468. §12571 — Definitions

469. §12572 — Allotment

470. §12572 — Section 14119 of title 42 , referred to in text, was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

471. §12573 — Establishment of program

472. §12573 — Section 12576 of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was in the original “section 200203”, and was translated as reading “section 200207”, meaning section 200207 of Pub. L. 103–322 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because section 200203 of Pub. L. 103–322 , which is classified to section 12572 of this title , does not provide for submission of applications, and section 12576 does so provide.

473. §12574 — Scholarships

474. §12575 — Eligibility

475. §12576 — State application

476. §12577 — Local application

477. §12578 — Scholarship agreement

478. §12591 — Quality assurance and proficiency testing standards

479. §12592 — Index to facilitate law enforcement exchange of DNA identification information

480. §12593 — Federal Bureau of Investigation

481. §12601 — Cause of action

482. §12602 — Data on use of excessive force

483. §12611 — Motor vehicle theft prevention program

484. §12621 — Missing Americans Alert Program

485. §12622 — Annual report

486. §12623 — Standards and best practices for use of non-invasive and non-permanent tracking devices

487. §12631 — Creation of Violent Crime Reduction Trust Fund

488. §12632 — Extension of authorizations of appropriations for fiscal years for which full amount authorized is not appropriated

489. §12633 — Flexibility in making of appropriations

490. §12633 — Section 10417 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 108–36, title IV, § 412 , June 25, 2003 , 117 Stat. 829 .

491. §12633 — Section 12621 of this title , referred to in subsec. (d), was in the original “section 24001” and was translated as reading “section 240001”, meaning section 240001 of Pub. L. 103–322 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because Pub. L. 103–322 does not contain a section 24001.

492. §12633 — Section 130002, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 130002 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 2023 , which is set out as a note under section 1226 of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality.

493. §12633 — Section 130005, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 130005 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 2028 , which amended section 1158 of Title 8 and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 1158 of Title 8 .

494. §12633 — Section 130006, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 130006 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 2028 , which is set out as a note under section 1101 of Title 8 .

495. §12633 — Section 130007, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 130007 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 2029 , which is set out as a note under section 1228 of Title 8 .

496. §12633 — Section 13744 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

497. §12633 — Section 13777 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

498. §12633 — Section 13792 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 301(d)] , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–337 , 2681–410.

499. §12633 — Section 13793 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

500. §12633 — Section 13812 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

501. §12633 — Section 13852 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

502. §12633 — Section 13867 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

503. §12633 — Section 13883 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

504. §12633 — Section 13994 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

505. §12633 — Section 14002 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

506. §12633 — Section 14012 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

507. §12633 — Section 14083 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

508. §12633 — Section 14134 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

509. §12633 — Section 14151 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, § 1154(b)(3) , Jan. 5, 2006 , 119 Stat. 3113 .

510. §12633 — Section 14161 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, § 1154(b)(4) , Jan. 5, 2006 , 119 Stat. 3113 .

511. §12633 — Section 14199 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was omitted from the Code as obsolete.

512. §12633 — Section 180101, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 180101 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 2045 , which amended sections 10261 and 10351 of this title.

513. §12633 — Section 190001, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 190001 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 2048 , which is not classified to the Code.

514. §12633 — Section 20201, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 20201 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 1819 , which enacted subchapter XVII (§ 10401 et seq.) of chapter 101 of this title and amended sections 10251, 10261, and 10541 of this title.

515. §12633 — Section 20301, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 20301 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 1823 , which amended section 1252 of Title 8 , Aliens and Nationality, and enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 1231 and 1252 of Title 8.

516. §12633 — Section 210101, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 210101 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 2061 , which is not classified to the Code.

517. §12633 — Section 210201, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 210201 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 2062 , which enacted subchapter XXII (§ 10491 et seq.) of chapter 101 of this title and amended sections 10261 and 10541 of this title.

518. §12633 — Section 210302, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 210302 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 2065 , which enacted subchapter XXIII (§ 10511 et seq.) of chapter 101 of this title, amended former sections 10152 and 10154 of this title and sections 10261 and 10541 of this title, and enacted provisions set out as a note under former section 3751 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare.

519. §12633 — Section 210603, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 210603 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 2074 , which enacted provisions set out as a note under section 922 of Title 18 , Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and amended provisions set out as notes under section 922 of Title 18 .

520. §12633 — Section 250005, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 250005 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 2086 , which is not classified to the Code.

521. §12633 — Section 300w–10 of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title IV, § 1401(b) , Oct. 28, 2000 , 114 Stat. 1513 .

522. §12633 — Section 31101, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 31101 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 1882 , which is set out as a note under section 10101 of this title .

523. §12633 — Section 31901, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 31901 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 1892 , which enacted provisions set out as a note under section 10101 of this title .

524. §12633 — Section 32001, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 32001 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 1896 , which amended section 3621 of Title 18 , Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

525. §12633 — Section 32101, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 32101 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 1898 , which enacted subchapter XVIII (§ 10421 et seq.) of chapter 101 of this title and amended sections 10251, 10261, and 10541 of this title.

526. §12633 — Section 40114, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 40114 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 1910 , which is not classified to the Code.

527. §12633 — Section 40121, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 40121 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 1910 , which enacted subchapter XIX (§ 10441 et seq.) of chapter 101 of this title and amended sections 10261 and 10541 of this title.

528. §12633 — Section 40156, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 40156 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 1922 , which amended sections 10261, 10332–10336, 20322, 20324, 20331, and 20334 of this title and repealed sections 3796aa–4 and 3796aa–7 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.

529. §12633 — Section 40231, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 40231 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 1932 , which enacted subchapter XX (§ 10461 et seq.) of chapter 101 of this title and amended sections 10221, 10222, 10261, and 10541 of this title.

530. §12633 — Section 40601, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 40601 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 1950 , which amended section 534 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 534 of Title 28 .

531. §12633 — Section 50001, referred to in subsec. (d), is section 50001 of Pub. L. 103–322 , 108 Stat. 1955 , which enacted former subchapter XII–J (§ 3796ii et seq.) of chapter 46 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and amended sections 10261 and 10541 of this title.

532. §12633 — Section 5712d of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, § 1172(b) , Jan. 5, 2006 , 119 Stat. 3123 .

533. §12641 — Task force relating to introduction of nonindigenous species

534. §12642 — Coordination of substance abuse treatment and prevention programs

535. §12643 — Edward Byrne Memorial Formula Grant Program

536. §20101 — Crime Victims Fund

537. §20101 — Section 3613 of title 18 , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(B)(iv), was repealed effective on the first day of the first calendar month beginning 36 months after Oct. 12, 1984 ( Nov. 1, 1987 ), by Pub. L. 98–473, title II , §§ 212(a)(2), 235(a)(1), Oct. 12, 1984 , 98 Stat. 1987 , 2031, as amended.

538. §20101 — Section 3671(c)(2) of title 18 , referred to in subsec. (b)(4), was renumbered section 3681(c)(2) by Pub. L. 99–646, § 41(a) , Nov. 10, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3600 .

539. §20101 — Section 5304 of title 25 , referred to in subsec. (g)(3), has been amended, and subsec. (b) of section 5304 no longer defines the term “Indian tribe”. However, such term is defined elsewhere in that section.

540. §20101 — Section 619 of the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001, referred to in subsec. (d)(5)(C), is section 1(a)(2) [title VI, § 619] of Pub. L. 106–553 , which was formerly set out as a note below.

541. §20102 — Crime victim compensation

542. §20102 — Title IV of Public Law 107–42 , referred to in subsecs. (c) and (e), is set out as a note under section 40101 of Title 49 , Transportation.

543. §20103 — Crime victim assistance

544. §20103 — Section 20101(d)(2) of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was repealed and a new section 20101(d)(2) was added by Pub. L. 103–322, title XXIII, § 230201(a)(1) , Sept. 13, 1994 , 108 Stat. 2079 . The new section 20101(d)(2) does not contain provisions relating to availability of Fund money for grants under this section or section 20102 of this title . See section 20101(d)(4) of this title .

545. §20104 — Child abuse prevention and treatment grants

546. §20104 — Section 5106c of title 42 , referred to in text, was in the original “section 109 of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act”, meaning section 109 of Pub. L. 93–247 , and was translated as reading section 107 of that act to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 109 as section 107 by section 113(a)(1)(B) of Pub. L. 104–235 , title I, Oct. 3, 1996 , 110 Stat. 3079 .

547. §20105 — Compensation and assistance to victims of terrorism or mass violence

548. §20106 — Compensation to victims of international terrorism

549. §20107 — Crime victims legal assistance grants

550. §20108 — Crime victims notification grants

551. §20109 — Sexual assault survivors’ notification grants

552. §20110 — Administrative provisions

553. §20111 — Establishment of Office for Victims of Crime

554. §20121 — Legal assistance for victims

555. §20122 — Education, training, and enhanced services to end violence against and abuse of individuals with disabilities and Deaf people

556. §20122 — Section 796f–5 of title 29 , referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was in the original “section 410 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 ( 29 U.S.C. 796f–5 )” and was translated as meaning section 726 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

557. §20123 — Grants for outreach and services to underserved populations

558. §20124 — Enhancing culturally specific services for victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking

559. §20124 — Section 20121 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), was in the original “Section 14201 of division B of the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 ( 42 U.S.C. 3796gg–6 )”, which was translated as meaning “Section 1201 of division B of the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 ( 42 U.S.C. 3796gg–6 )”, which is section 1201 of title II of div. B of Pub. L. 106–386 , to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Section 1201 of title II of div. B of Pub. L. 106–386 was classified as section 3796gg–6 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as section 20121 of this title .

560. §20125 — Grants to combat violent crimes on campuses

561. §20126 — Consultation

562. §20127 — Emergency and transitional pet shelter and housing assistance grant program

563. §20128 — Agency and department coordination

564. §20129 — LGBT specific services program

565. §20130 — Study and reports on barriers to survivors’ economic security access

566. §20131 — Media campaign

567. §20141 — Section 10606(b)(4) of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(D), was in the original “section 1102(b)(4)”, meaning section 1102(b)(4) of Pub. L. 101–647 , which has been translated as reading section 502(b)(4) of Pub. L. 101–647 to reflect the probable intent of Congress because Pub. L. 101–647 does not contain a section 1102 and section 502(b)(4) relates to the right of crime victims to be present at public court proceedings. Section 10606 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, was repealed by Pub. L. 108–405, title I, § 102(c) , Oct. 30, 2004 , 118 Stat. 2264 .

568. §20141 — Services to victims

569. §20142 — Closed circuit televised court proceedings for victims of crime

570. §20143 — Grants for young witness assistance

571. §20144 — Justice for United States victims of state sponsored terrorism

572. §20144 — Section 101(b) of div. MM of 117–328, which directed amendment of section 404 of the Justice for United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Act, was executed to this section, which comprises the entire Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

573. §20144 — Section 1605(a)(7) of title 28 (as such section was in effect on January 27, 2008 ), referred to in subsecs. (c)(2)(A)(ii) and (j)(8), refers to subsec. (a)(7) of section 1605 of title 28 as it existed prior to being struck out by Pub. L. 110–181, § 1083(b)(1)(A) . See 2008 Amendment note under that section.

574. §20144 — Section 405 of the Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act, referred to in subsec. (j)(12) to (14), is section 405 of Pub. L. 107–42 , which is set out in a note under section 40101 of Title 49 , Transportation.

575. §20144 — Section 4605(j) of title 50 , referred to in subsec. (j)(7), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a) , Aug. 13, 2018 , 132 Stat. 2232 . Provisions similar to those in former section 4605(j) of title 50 can be found in section 4813(c) of title 50 , as enacted by Pub. L. 115–232 .

576. §20145 — Elimination of barriers

577. §20301 — Findings

578. §20302 — Definitions

579. §20303 — Regional children’s advocacy centers

580. §20304 — Local children’s advocacy centers

581. §20304 — Section 7102(9)(A) of title 22 , referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 7102(11)(A) of title 22 by Pub. L. 115–427, § 2(1) , Jan. 9, 2019 , 132 Stat. 5503 .

582. §20305 — Grants for specialized technical assistance and training programs

583. §20306 — Authorization of appropriations

584. §20307 — Accountability

585. §20321 — Findings

586. §20322 — Purpose

587. §20323 — Strengthening of court-appointed special advocate program

588. §20324 — Authorization of appropriations

589. §20331 — Findings and purpose

590. §20332 — Grants for juvenile and family court personnel

591. §20333 — Specialized technical assistance and training programs

592. §20334 — Authorization of appropriations

593. §20341 — Child abuse reporting

594. §20342 — Federal immunity

595. §20351 — Requirement for background checks

596. §20501 — National coordination of AMBER Alert communications network

597. §20502 — Minimum standards for issuance and dissemination of alerts through AMBER Alert communications network

598. §20503 — Grant program for notification and communications systems along highways and major transportation routes for recovery of abducted children

599. §20504 — Grant program for support of AMBER Alert communications plans

600. §20505 — Limitation on liability

601. §20701 — Prevention of domestic trafficking in persons

602. §20701 — Section 1. Policy . Human trafficking is a form of modern slavery. Throughout the United States and around the world, human trafficking tears apart communities, fuels criminal activity, and threatens the national security of the United States. It is estimated that millions of individuals are trafficked around the world each year—including into and within the United States. As the United States continues to lead the global fight against human trafficking, we must remain relentless in resolving to eradicate it in our cities, suburbs, rural communities, tribal lands, and on our transportation networks. Human trafficking in the United States takes many forms and can involve exploitation of both adults and children for labor and sex.

603. §20702 — Establishment of a grant program to develop, expand, and strengthen assistance programs for certain persons subject to trafficking

604. §20703 — Victim-centered child human trafficking deterrence block grant program

605. §20704 — Grant accountability

606. §20704 — Section 103, referred to in subsec. (a), means section 103 of Pub. L. 114–22 . For classification of section 103 to the Code, see Tables.

607. §20705 — Enhancing State and local efforts to combat trafficking in persons

608. §20705 — Section 7102(9) of title 22 , referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(F), was redesignated section 7102(11) of title 22 by Pub. L. 115–427, § 2(1) , Jan. 9, 2019 , 132 Stat. 5503 .

609. § 20705a. Enhancing the ability of State, local, and Tribal child welfare agencies to identify and respond to children who are, or are at risk of being, victims of trafficking

610. §20706 — Section 105(f) of the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000, referred to in text, was redesignated 105(g) of the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 by Pub. L. 113–4, title XII, § 1201(3) , Mar. 7, 2013 , 127 Stat. 136 .

611. §20706 — Senior Policy Operating Group

612. §20707 — Definitions

613. §20707 — Section 7102(9) and (10) of title 22, referred to in pars. (1) and (2), was redesignated section 7102(11) and (12), respectively, of title 22 by Pub. L. 115–427, § 2(1) , Jan. 9, 2019 , 132 Stat. 5503 .

614. §20708 — Grants for specialized human trafficking training and technical assistance for service providers

615. §20708 — § 208 of Pub. L. 109–164

616. §20709 — Combat Human Trafficking Act

617. §20709 — § 209 of Pub. L. 109–164

618. §20710 — Education and outreach to trafficking survivors

619. §20710 — § 210 of Pub. L. 109–164

620. §20711 — Establishing a national strategy to combat human trafficking

621. §20711 — Section 2429 of such title, as added by section 3 of the Abolish Human Trafficking Act of 2017, referred to in subsec. (c)(6), means section 2429 of title 18 , as added by section 3(a) of Pub. L. 115–392 , Dec. 21, 2018 , 132 Stat. 5251 .

622. §20711 — § 211 of Pub. L. 109–164

623. §20712 — Holistic training for Federal law enforcement officers and prosecutors

624. §20712 — Section 7105(c)(4) of title 22 , referred to in text, was in the original “section 105(c)(4) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000” and was translated as if it read “section 107(c)(4)” of the Act to reflect the probable intent of Congress. There is no section 105(c)(4) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 and section 107(c)(4) relates to the training of Government personnel.

625. §20712 — § 212 of Pub. L. 109–164

626. §20713 — Encouraging a victim-centered approach to training of Federal law enforcement personnel

627. §20713 — § 213 of Pub. L. 109–164

628. §20714 — Training of tribal law enforcement and prosecutorial personnel

629. §20714 — § 214 of Pub. L. 109–164

630. §20901 — Declaration of purpose

631. §20902 — Establishment of program

632. §20903 — Tribal registry

633. §20911 — Relevant definitions, including Amie Zyla expansion of sex offender definition and expanded inclusion of child predators

634. §20912 — Registry requirements for jurisdictions

635. §20913 — Registry requirements for sex offenders

636. §20914 — Information required in registration

637. §20915 — Duration of registration requirement

638. §20916 — Direction to the Attorney General

639. §20917 — Checking system for social networking websites

640. §20918 — Periodic in person verification

641. §20919 — Duty to notify sex offenders of registration requirements and to register

642. §20920 — Public access to sex offender information through the Internet

643. §20921 — National Sex Offender Registry

644. §20922 — Dru Sjodin National Sex Offender Public Website

645. §20923 — Megan Nicole Kanka and Alexandra Nicole Zapp Community Notification Program

646. §20924 — Actions to be taken when sex offender fails to comply

647. §20925 — Development and availability of registry management and website software

648. §20926 — Period for implementation by jurisdictions

649. §20927 — Failure of jurisdiction to comply

650. §20928 — Sex Offender Management Assistance (SOMA) program

651. §20929 — Election by Indian tribes

652. §20930 — Registration of sex offenders entering the United States

653. §20931 — Registration of sex offenders released from military corrections facilities or upon conviction

654. §20932 — Immunity for good faith conduct

655. §20941 — Federal assistance with respect to violations of registration requirements

656. §20942 — Project Safe Childhood

657. §20943 — Federal assistance in identification and location of sex offenders relocated as a result of a major disaster

658. §20944 — Expansion of training and technology efforts

659. §20945 — Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Registering, and Tracking

660. §20961 — Access to national crime information databases

661. §20962 — Schools SAFE Act

662. §20971 — Jimmy Ryce State civil commitment programs for sexually dangerous persons

663. §20981 — Pilot program for monitoring sexual offenders

664. §20982 — Assistance for prosecution of cases cleared through use of DNA backlog clearance funds

665. §20983 — Grants to combat sexual abuse of children

666. §20984 — Grants for fingerprinting programs for children

667. §20985 — Grants for Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network

668. §20986 — Children’s safety online awareness campaigns

669. §20987 — Grants for online child safety programs

670. §20988 — Jessica Lunsford Address Verification Grant Program

671. §20989 — Fugitive Safe Surrender

672. §20990 — National registry of substantiated cases of child abuse

673. §20990 — Section 5106a(b)(2)(A) of title 42 , referred to in subsecs. (c)(2)(B) and (f), was redesignated section 5106a(b)(2)(B) of title 42 by Pub. L. 111–320, title I, § 115(c)(2)(A) , Dec. 20, 2010 , 124 Stat. 3469 .

674. §20991 — Annual report on enforcement of registration requirements

675. §21101 — Definitions

676. §21111 — Establishment of National Strategy for Child Exploitation Prevention and Interdiction

677. §21112 — Establishment of National ICAC Task Force Program

678. §21112 — Title I of the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is title I of Pub. L. 105–119 , Nov. 26, 1997 , 111 Stat. 2440 . For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Tables.

679. §21113 — Purpose of ICAC task forces

680. §21114 — Duties and functions of task forces

681. §21115 — National Internet Crimes Against Children Data System

682. §21116 — ICAC grant program

683. §21117 — Authorization of appropriations

684. §21131 — Additional regional computer forensic labs

685. §21301 — Definitions

686. §21302 — Findings

687. §21303 — Increased funding for formula grants authorized

688. §21304 — Application

689. §21305 — Grant increase

690. §21306 — Period of increase

691. §21307 — Allocation of increased formula grant funds

692. §21308 — Authorization of appropriations

693. §21501 — Findings

694. §21502 — Definitions

695. §21503 — Angel Watch Center

696. §21504 — Notification by the United States Marshals Service

697. §21505 — Implementation

698. §21506 — Reciprocal notifications

699. §21507 — Implementation plan

700. §21508 — Technical assistance

701. §21509 — Authorization of appropriations

702. §21510 — Rule of construction

703. §21701 — Definitions

704. §21711 — Section 112 of the Stop Senior Scams Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(C), is section 112 of Pub. L. 117–103 , div. Q, title I, Mar. 15, 2022 , 136 Stat. 809 , which amended this section and enacted provisions set out as notes under this section and section 45e of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

705. §21711 — Supporting Federal cases involving elder justice

706. §21721 — Establishment of best practices for local, State, and Federal data collection

707. §21722 — Effective interagency coordination and Federal data collection

708. §21731 — Report

709. §21741 — Training and technical assistance for States

710. §21742 — Interstate initiatives

711. §21751 — Model power of attorney legislation

712. §21752 — Best practices and model legislation for guardianship proceedings

713. §21901 — Definitions

714. §21902 — Ashanti Alert communications network

715. §21903 — Ashanti Alert Coordinator

716. §21904 — Minimum standards for issuance and dissemination of alerts through Ashanti Alert communications network

717. §21905 — Voluntary participation

718. §21906 — Training and educational programs

719. §21907 — Authorization of appropriations

720. §30101 — State grant program for training and prosecution of computer crimes

721. §30102 — Development and support of cybersecurity forensic capabilities

722. §30103 — Local law enforcement grants

723. §30104 — Improved investigative and forensic resources for enforcement of laws related to intellectual property crimes

724. §30105 — Additional funding for resources to investigate and prosecute intellectual property crimes and other criminal activity involving computers

725. §30106 — Annual reports

726. §30107 — Local law enforcement grants for enforcement of cybercrimes

727. §30108 — National Resource Center grant

728. §30109 — National strategy, classification, and reporting on cybercrime

729. §30110 — Improved investigative and forensic resources for enforcement of laws related to cybercrimes against individuals

730. §30111 — Training and technical assistance for States

731. §30301 — Findings

732. §30302 — Purposes

733. §30303 — National prison rape statistics, data, and research

734. §30304 — Prison rape prevention and prosecution

735. §30305 — Grants to protect inmates and safeguard communities

736. §30306 — National Prison Rape Elimination Commission

737. §30307 — Adoption and effect of national standards

738. §30308 — Requirement that accreditation organizations adopt accreditation standards

739. §30309 — Definitions

740. §30501 — Findings

741. §30501 — Sec. 2. Combating Racism, Xenophobia, and Intolerance Against Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders . (a) The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall, in coordination with the COVID–19 Health Equity Task Force, consider issuing guidance describing best practices for advancing cultural competency, language access, and sensitivity towards Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in the context of the Federal Government’s COVID–19 response. In developing any such guidance, the Secretary should consider the best practices set forth by public health organizations and experts for mitigating racially discriminatory language in describing the COVID–19 pandemic.

742. §30501 — Sec. 3. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

743. §30501 — Section 1. Condemning Racism, Xenophobia, and Intolerance Against Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders . The Federal Government has a responsibility to prevent racism, xenophobia, and intolerance against everyone in America, including Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. My Administration condemns and denounces acts of racism, xenophobia, and intolerance against AAPI communities.

744. §30502 — Definitions

745. §30502 — Section 280003(a) of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 ( Public Law 103–322 ; 108 Stat. 2096 ), as amended by this Act, referred to in par. (2), is section 280003(a) of Pub. L. 103–322 , Sept. 13, 1994 , 108 Stat. 2096 , as amended by Pub. L. 111–84 , which enacted provisions listed in a table relating to sentencing guidelines set out as a note under section 994 of Title 28 , Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.

746. §30503 — Support for criminal investigations and prosecutions by State, local, and tribal law enforcement officials

747. §30504 — Grant program

748. §30505 — Severability

749. §30506 — Rule of construction

750. §30507 — Jabara-Heyer NO HATE Act

751. §40101 — Reporting child abuse crime information

752. §40102 — Background checks

753. §40102 — Section 108(a)(3)(G)(i) of the Prosecutorial Remedies and Other Tools to end the Exploitation of Children Today Act of 2003, referred to in subsec. (f)(2)(C), is section 108(a)(3)(G)(i) of Pub. L. 108–21 , which is set out as a note below.

754. §40103 — Funding for improvement of child abuse crime information

755. §40104 — Definitions

756. §40301 — Section 103(b) of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, referred to in subsecs. (b)(8) and (c)(1), is section 103(b) of Pub. L. 103–159 , which was set out as a note under section 922 of Title 18 , Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to editorial reclassification as section 40901(b) of this title .

757. §40301 — State grant program for criminal justice identification, information, and communication

758. §40302 — Funding for improvement of criminal records

759. §40311 — Findings

760. §40312 — Definitions

761. §40313 — Enactment and consent of the United States

762. §40314 — Effect on other laws

763. §40315 — Enforcement and implementation

764. §40316 — National Crime Prevention and Privacy Compact

765. §40501 — Program authorized

766. §40502 — Eligibility

767. §40503 — Use of funds

768. §40504 — Grants for the assistance of organizations to find missing adults

769. §40505 — Reporting on National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs) Program

770. §40506 — Authorization of the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System

771. §40507 — Information sharing

772. §40508 — Report to Congress

773. §40701 — The Debbie Smith DNA Backlog Grant Program

774. §40702 — Collection and use of DNA identification information from certain Federal offenders

775. §40703 — Collection and use of DNA identification information from certain District of Columbia offenders

776. §40704 — Conditions of release generally

777. §40705 — Authorization of appropriations

778. §40706 — Privacy protection standards

779. §40721 — Report to Congress on plans to modify CODIS system

780. §40722 — DNA training and education for law enforcement, correctional personnel, and court officers

781. §40723 — Sexual assault forensic exam program grants

782. §40724 — DNA research and development

783. §40725 — National Forensic Science Commission

784. §40726 — DNA identification of missing persons

785. §40727 — Kirk Bloodsworth Post-Conviction DNA Testing Grant Program

786. §40728 — Establishment of best practices for evidence retention

787. §40741 — Definitions

788. §40742 — Grants to States to implement DNA arrestee collection processes

789. §40743 — Expungement of profiles

790. §40744 — Offset of funds appropriated

791. §40901 — Establishment

792. §40901 — Section 1. Firearms Tracing . (a) Federal law enforcement agencies shall ensure that all firearms recovered after the date of this memorandum in the course of criminal investigations and taken into Federal custody are traced through ATF at the earliest time practicable. Federal law enforcement agencies, as well as other executive departments and agencies, are encouraged, to the extent practicable, to take steps to ensure that firearms recovered prior to the date of this memorandum in the course of criminal investigations and taken into Federal custody are traced through ATF.

793. §40901 — Section 1. Research and Development . The Department of Defense, the Department of Justice, and the Department of Homeland Security (departments) shall, to the extent practicable and permitted by law, conduct or sponsor research into gun safety technology that would reduce the frequency of accidental discharge or unauthorized use of firearms, and improve the tracing of lost or stolen guns. Not later than 90 days after the date of this memorandum, the Secretary of Defense, the Attorney General, and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall prepare jointly a report outlining a research and development strategy designed to expedite the real-world deployment of such technology for use in practice.

794. §40902 — Findings

795. §40903 — Definitions

796. §40911 — Enhancement of requirement that Federal departments and agencies provide relevant information to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System

797. §40911 — Section 1. Improving the Availability of Records to the NICS . (a) Within 45 days of the date of this memorandum, and consistent with the process described in section 3 of this memorandum, the Department of Justice (DOJ) shall issue guidance to agencies regarding the identification and sharing of relevant Federal records and their submission to the NICS.

798. §40912 — Requirements to obtain waiver

799. §40913 — Implementation assistance to States

800. §40914 — Penalties for noncompliance

801. §40915 — Relief from disabilities program required as condition for participation in grant programs

802. §40916 — Illegal immigrant gun purchase notification

803. §40917 — Implementation plan

804. §40931 — Continuing evaluations

805. §40941 — Disposition records automation and transmittal improvement grants

806. §41101 — Funds for exchange of identification records

807. §41102 — Parimutuel licensing simplification

808. §41103 — Processing of name checks and background records for noncriminal employment, licensing, and humanitarian purposes by INTERPOL

809. §41104 — Processing of fingerprint identification records and name checks by FBI

810. §41105 — Criminal background checks for applicants for employment in nursing facilities and home health care agencies

811. §41106 — Reviews of criminal records of applicants for private security officer employment

812. §41107 — Access to the national crime information databases by tribes

813. §41301 — Report to Congress on sexual exploitation of children

814. §41302 — Acquisition of statistical data on child abuse

815. §41303 — Uniform Federal Crime Reporting Act of 1988

816. §41304 — Family and domestic violence: data collection and reporting

817. §41305 — Hate crime statistics

818. §41306 — Report to Congress on banking law offenses

819. §41307 — Reporting requirement for missing children

820. §41308 — State requirements for reporting missing children

821. §41309 — Reporting on human trafficking

822. §41310 — Report on theft of trade secrets occurring abroad

823. §41311 — Improving Department of Justice data collection on mental illness involved in crime

824. §41312 — Report on female genital mutilation

825. §41313 — GAO study on incidence of fatal and non-fatal physical and sexual assault of passengers, TNC drivers, and drivers of other for-hire vehicles

826. §41501 — Financial institutions fraud task forces

827. §41502 — Morgan P. Hardiman Child Abduction and Serial Murder Investigative Resources Center

828. §41503 — Fugitive Apprehension Task Forces

829. §41504 — Project Safe Neighborhoods

830. §41505 — Organized retail theft database

831. §41506 — United States-Mexico Border Violence Task Force

832. §41507 — National Gang Intelligence Center

833. §41508 — Grants to States for threat assessment databases

834. §50101 — Application for assistance

835. §50102 — Definitions

836. §50103 — Limitation on authority

837. §50104 — Prohibition of discrimination

838. §50105 — Confidentiality of information

839. §50105 — Section 10231 of this title shall apply with respect to—

840. §50106 — Prohibition of land acquisition

841. §50107 — Repayment

842. §50107 — Section 50104 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original a reference to “section 554”, and was translated as if it had been a reference to section 609P of Pub. L. 98–473 , which is classified to section 50104 of this title to reflect the probable intent of Congress as manifested in earlier versions of Emergency Federal Law Enforcement Assistance provisions introduced in the Congress. Pub. L. 98–473 does not contain a section 554.

843. §50108 — Recordkeeping requirement

844. §50109 — Bureau of Justice Assistance

845. §50110 — Limitation on civil justice matters

846. §50111 — Issuance of rules

847. §50112 — Authorization of appropriations

848. §50301 — Definitions

849. §50311 — Authorization of a Badge

850. §50312 — Nominations

851. §50313 — Federal Law Enforcement Congressional Badge of Bravery Board

852. §50314 — Presentation of Federal Law Enforcement Badges

853. §50321 — Authorization of a Badge

854. §50322 — Nominations

855. §50323 — State and Local Law Enforcement Congressional Badge of Bravery Board

856. §50324 — Presentation of State and Local Law Enforcement Badges

857. §50331 — Congressional Badge of Bravery Office

858. §50501 — Definitions

859. §50502 — Blue Alert communications network

860. §50503 — Blue Alert Coordinator; guidelines

861. §50701 — Information on suicide in law enforcement

862. §50901 — Confidentiality of peer support communications

863. §50902 — Best practices and support

864. §60101 — Findings

865. §60102 — Definitions

866. §60103 — Federal regulation of prisoner transport companies

867. §60104 — Enforcement

868. §60105 — Section 3(a), referred to in subsec. (f)(1), is section 3(a) of Pub. L. 113–242 , Dec. 18, 2014 , 128 Stat. 2861 . Section 3 of Pub. L. 113–242 was editorially reclassified as a note under section 4001 of Title 18 , Crimes and Criminal Procedure.

869. §60105 — State information regarding individuals who die in the custody of law enforcement

870. §60106 — Incentives for States

871. §60301 — Capital representation improvement grants

872. §60302 — Capital prosecution improvement grants

873. §60303 — Applications

874. §60304 — State reports

875. §60305 — Evaluations by Inspector General and administrative remedies

876. §60306 — Authorization of appropriations

877. §60501 — Purposes; findings

878. §60502 — Definitions

879. §60503 — Submission of reports to Congress

880. §60504 — Rule of construction

881. §60504 — Section 113, referred to in par. (1), means section 113 of Pub. L. 110–199 . For complete classification of section 113 of Pub. L. 110–199 to the Code, see Tables.

882. §60504 — Section 60532 of this title , referred to in par. (1), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–391, title V, § 504(a) , Dec. 21, 2018 , 132 Stat. 5233 .

883. §60505 — Audit and accountability of grantees

884. §60506 — Federal interagency reentry coordination

885. §60511 — Careers training demonstration grants

886. §60521 — Offender reentry substance abuse and criminal justice collaboration program

887. §60531 — Community-based mentoring and transitional service grants to nonprofit organizations

888. §60533 — Bureau of Prisons policy on mentoring contacts

889. §60534 — Bureau of Prisons policy on chapel library materials

890. §60541 — Federal prisoner reentry initiative

891. §60551 — Offender reentry research

892. §60552 — Grants to study parole or post-incarceration supervision violations and revocations

893. §60553 — Addressing the needs of children of incarcerated parents

894. §60555 — Authorization of appropriations for research

895. §60701 — Definitions

896. §60702 — Establishment

897. §60703 — Purpose

898. §60704 — Rules and regulations

899. §60705 — Authorization of appropriations

900. §60901 — Case file review

901. §60902 — Application

902. §60903 — Full reinvestigation

903. §60904 — Consultation and updates

904. §60905 — Subsequent reviews

905. §60906 — Data collection

906. §60907 — Procedures to promote compliance

907. §60908 — Withholding information

908. §60909 — Multiple agencies

909. §60910 — Applicability

910. §60911 — Definitions

911. §60912 — Annual report

Title 35 — Patent

Chapter 1

1. §1 — Establishment

   This section establishes the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) as an agency within the Department of Commerce, detailing its operational independence in management, budget, and personnel decisions, while remaining subject to the Secretary of Commerce's policy direction. It also specifies that patent and trademark operations are to be treated as separate units within the Office, mandates its principal office location, and provides shorthand references for the USPTO within Title 35.

2. §2 — Powers and duties

   This section outlines the extensive powers and duties of the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), including its core responsibilities for patent granting and trademark registration, information dissemination, regulatory authority, property management, and advisory roles on intellectual property policy, both domestically and internationally. It also details specific administrative and cooperative functions, while clarifying the scope of these powers in relation to other government entities and existing laws.

Chapter 10

1. §100 — Definitions When used in this title unless the context otherwise indicates-

   This section provides definitions for key terms used within Title 35, covering concepts such as "invention," "process," "patentee," "third-party requester," "inventor," "joint research agreement," and "effective filing date," among others. These definitions establish the foundational terminology for patent law.

2. §101 — Inventions patentable Whoever invents or discovers any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof, may obtain a patent therefor, subject to the conditions and requirements of this title. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 797 .)

   This section defines what inventions are patentable, stating that anyone who invents or discovers any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, or an improvement thereof, may obtain a patent, provided they meet the conditions and requirements outlined in this title.

3. §102 — Conditions for patentability; novelty

   This section outlines the conditions for patentability related to novelty, defining what constitutes prior art that can bar a patent claim, including public use, sale, or publication before the effective filing date. It also details exceptions to these prior art provisions, particularly concerning disclosures made within one year of the effective filing date by the inventor or through joint research agreements, and how patents and published applications are considered effective as prior art.

4. §103 — Conditions for patentability; non-obvious subject matter A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 798 ; Pub. L. 98–622, title I, §103, Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3384 ; Pub. L. 104–41, §1, Nov. 1, 1995, 109 Stat. 351 ; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(9) [title IV, §4807(a)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536 , 1501A-591; Pub. L. 108–453, §2, Dec. 10, 2004, 118 Stat. 3596 ; Pub. L. 112–29, §§3(c), 20(j), Sept. 16, 2011, 125 Stat. 287 , 335.)

   This section sets forth the condition for patentability concerning non-obvious subject matter, stipulating that a patent cannot be granted if the claimed invention, despite not being identically disclosed by prior art under section 102, would have been obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the relevant art before the effective filing date. It also clarifies that the method of invention does not affect its patentability.

5. §105 — Inventions in outer space

   This section clarifies how inventions made, used, or sold in outer space are considered under U.S. patent law, particularly when such inventions are on space objects under U.S. jurisdiction or control, or on foreign-registered space objects subject to specific international agreements.

Chapter 11

1. §111 — Application

   This section details the requirements for patent applications, distinguishing between general applications and provisional applications. It specifies the necessary components such as specifications, drawings, and fees, and outlines the conditions for filing dates, abandonment, and how prior-filed applications can be referenced.

2. §112 — Specification

   This section outlines the requirements for patent specifications, emphasizing the need for a full, clear, concise, and exact written description of the invention, enabling its use by a person skilled in the art, and setting forth the best mode. It also details the form and content of claims, including independent, dependent, and multiple dependent claims, and how an element in a claim for a combination should be expressed.

3. §113 — Drawings The applicant shall furnish a drawing where necessary for the understanding of the subject matter sought to be patented. When the nature of such subject matter admits of illustration by a drawing and the applicant has not furnished such a drawing, the Director may require its submission within a time period of not less than two months from the sending of a notice thereof. Drawings submitted after the filing date of the application may not be used (i) to overcome any insufficiency of the specification due to lack of an enabling disclosure or otherwise inadequate disclosure therein, or (ii) to supplement the original disclosure thereof for the purpose of interpretation of the scope of any claim. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 799 ; Pub. L. 94–131, §8, Nov. 14, 1975, 89 Stat. 691 ; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(9) [title IV, §4732(a)(10)(A)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536 , 1501A-582; Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title III, §13206(b)(1)(B), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1906 .)

   This section mandates that patent applicants must provide drawings when essential for understanding the patented subject matter, allowing the Director to require them if missing. It also specifies that drawings submitted after the initial filing date cannot be used to rectify insufficient specifications or to broaden the interpretation of any claim.

4. §115 — Inventor's oath or declaration

   This section outlines the requirements for an inventor's oath or declaration in patent applications, including conditions for naming the inventor, required statements, additional information, and provisions for substitute statements under specific circumstances. It also covers the timing for filing, exceptions for earlier-filed applications, procedures for supplemental statements, and the necessity of acknowledging penalties for false statements.

5. §116 — Inventors

   This section outlines the rules for inventors in patent applications, specifically addressing joint inventions, including scenarios where contributions differ or inventors don't work together. It also provides procedures for handling omitted inventors and for correcting errors in naming inventors within an application.

6. §118 — Filing by other than inventor A person to whom the inventor has assigned or is under an obligation to assign the invention may make an application for patent. A person who otherwise shows sufficient proprietary interest in the matter may make an application for patent on behalf of and as agent for the inventor on proof of the pertinent facts and a showing that such action is appropriate to preserve the rights of the parties. If the Director grants a patent on an application filed under this section by a person other than the inventor, the patent shall be granted to the real party in interest and upon such notice to the inventor as the Director considers to be sufficient. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 799 ; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(9) [title IV, §4732(a)(10)(A)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536 , 1501A-582; Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title III, §13206(b)(1)(B), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1906 ; Pub. L. 112–29, §4(b)(1), Sept. 16, 2011, 125 Stat. 296 .)

   This section permits patent applications to be filed by individuals other than the inventor, specifically by those to whom the invention has been assigned or is obligated to be assigned, or by persons demonstrating sufficient proprietary interest to preserve the parties' rights. When a patent is granted under this provision, it is issued to the real party in interest after due notice to the inventor.

7. §119 — Benefit of earlier filing date; right of priority

   This section establishes the right of priority for patent applications based on earlier foreign filings, provided certain conditions and timelines are met, including those related to WTO member countries and the Paris Convention. It also details the benefit of earlier filing dates for provisional applications and outlines requirements for claiming these benefits, such as specific references and fee payments.

8. §120 — Benefit of earlier filing date in the United States An application for patent for an invention disclosed in the manner provided by section 112(a) (other than the requirement to disclose the best mode) in an application previously filed in the United States, or as provided by section 363 or 385, which names an inventor or joint inventor in the previously filed application shall have the same effect, as to such invention, as though filed on the date of the prior application, if filed before the patenting or abandonment of or termination of proceedings on the first application or on an application similarly entitled to the benefit of the filing date of the first application and if it contains or is amended to contain a specific reference to the earlier filed application. No application shall be entitled to the benefit of an earlier filed application under this section unless an amendment containing the specific reference to the earlier filed application is submitted at such time during the pendency of the application as required by the Director. The Director may consider the failure to submit such an amendment within that time period as a waiver of any benefit under this section. The Director may establish procedures, including the requirement for payment of the fee specified in section 41(a)(7), to accept an unintentionally delayed submission of an amendment under this section. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 800 ; Pub. L. 94–131, §9, Nov. 14, 1975, 89 Stat. 691 ; Pub. L. 98–622, title I, §104(b), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3385 ; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(9) [title IV, §4503(b)(1)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536 , 1501A-563; Pub. L. 112–29, §§3(f), 15(b), 20(j), Sept. 16, 2011, 125 Stat. 288 , 328, 335; Pub. L. 112–211, title I, §102(5), title II, §202(b)(3), Dec. 18, 2012, 126 Stat. 1531 , 1536.)

   This section outlines the conditions under which a patent application in the United States can benefit from an earlier filing date of a previous U.S. application, provided the invention is disclosed in the manner required by section 112(a) and the later application contains a specific reference to the earlier filing. It also includes provisions for addressing unintentionally delayed submissions of such amendments.

9. §121 — Divisional applications If two or more independent and distinct inventions are claimed in one application, the Director may require the application to be restricted to one of the inventions. If the other invention is made the subject of a divisional application which complies with the requirements of section 120 it shall be entitled to the benefit of the filing date of the original application. A patent issuing on an application with respect to which a requirement for restriction under this section has been made, or on an application filed as a result of such a requirement, shall not be used as a reference either in the Patent and Trademark Office or in the courts against a divisional application or against the original application or any patent issued on either of them, if the divisional application is filed before the issuance of the patent on the other application. The validity of a patent shall not be questioned for failure of the Director to require the application to be restricted to one invention. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 800 ; Pub. L. 93–596, §1, Jan. 2, 1975, 88 Stat. 1949 ; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(9) [title IV, §4732(a)(10)(A)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536 , 1501A-582; Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title III, §13206(b)(1)(B), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1906 ; Pub. L. 112–29, §§4(a)(2), 20(j), Sept. 16, 2011, 125 Stat. 295 , 335.)

   This section addresses divisional patent applications, permitting the Director to require an application claiming multiple inventions to be restricted to one. It ensures that a resulting divisional application retains the benefit of the original filing date and protects it from being used as a reference against the original or other divisional applications, while also stating that failure to require restriction does not invalidate a patent.

10. §122 — Confidential status of applications; publication of patent applications

    This section governs the confidential status of patent applications and their publication. It generally requires applications to be kept confidential but mandates publication after 18 months, with exceptions for certain types of applications or if the applicant requests non-publication, and outlines procedures for protests, national security considerations, and third-party preissuance submissions.

Chapter 12

1. §131 — Examination of application The Director shall cause an examination to be made of the application and the alleged new invention; and if on such examination it appears that the applicant is entitled to a patent under the law, the Director shall issue a patent therefor. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 801 ; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(9) [title IV, §4732(a)(10)(A)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536 , 1501A-582; Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title III, §13206(b)(1)(B), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1906 .)

   This section mandates the Director to examine patent applications and the alleged new inventions. If the examination concludes that the applicant is legally entitled to a patent, the Director shall then issue the patent.

2. §132 — Notice of rejection; reexamination

   This section outlines the procedure for notifying patent applicants of rejected claims or objections, requiring the Director to provide reasons and useful information for continued prosecution, leading to reexamination if the applicant persists. It also authorizes the Director to establish regulations and fees for continued examination, with fee reductions for qualifying small entities.

3. §134 — Appeal to the Patent Trial and Appeal Board

   This section outlines the right of both patent applicants and patent owners in reexamination proceedings to appeal adverse decisions, specifically rejected claims, to the Patent Trial and Appeal Board. Such appeals require the payment of a fee and are permitted after a claim has been twice rejected for applicants or upon final rejection for patent owners.

Chapter 13

1. §141 — Appeal to Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

   This section outlines the procedures for appealing final decisions from the Patent Trial and Appeal Board to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. It covers appeals for patent applicants in examinations, patent owners in reexaminations, parties in post-grant and inter partes reviews, and parties in derivation proceedings, detailing specific conditions and potential waivers of other legal avenues.

Chapter 14

1. §151 — Issue of patent

   This section outlines the process for issuing a patent, stating that if an applicant is entitled, a notice of allowance specifying the issue fee and publication fee will be sent. The patent may then issue upon timely payment of these fees; otherwise, the application will be considered abandoned.

2. §154 — Contents and term of patent; provisional rights

   This section defines the contents and term of a patent, granting exclusionary rights for 20 years from the earliest effective filing date and outlining conditions for patent term adjustments due to Patent and Trademark Office delays. It also establishes provisional rights allowing for reasonable royalties from the date of application publication under specific circumstances.

Chapter 15

1. §161 — Patents for plants Whoever invents or discovers and asexually reproduces any distinct and new variety of plant, including cultivated sports, mutants, hybrids, and newly found seedlings, other than a tuber propagated plant or a plant found in an uncultivated state, may obtain a patent therefor, subject to the conditions and requirements of this title. The provisions of this title relating to patents for inventions shall apply to patents for plants, except as otherwise provided. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 804 ; Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1259, 68 Stat. 1190 .)

   This section permits the patenting of any distinct and new variety of plant that has been invented or discovered and asexually reproduced, with the exception of tuber propagated plants or those found in an uncultivated state. It specifies that general patent law provisions apply to plant patents unless otherwise stated.

Chapter 16

1. §171 — Patents for designs

   This section outlines the general conditions for obtaining a patent for a new, original, and ornamental design, stating that provisions related to patents for inventions apply to design patents unless otherwise specified. It also defines the filing date for a design patent application as the date when the specification and required drawings are filed.

Chapter 17

1. §181 — Secrecy of certain inventions and withholding of patent Whenever publication or disclosure by the publication of an application or by the grant of a patent on an invention in which the Government has a property interest might, in the opinion of the head of the interested Government agency, be detrimental to the national security, the Commissioner of Patents upon being so notified shall order that the invention be kept secret and shall withhold the publication of the application or the grant of a patent therefor under the conditions set forth hereinafter. Whenever the publication or disclosure of an invention by the publication of an application or by the granting of a patent, in which the Government does not have a property interest, might, in the opinion of the Commissioner of Patents, be detrimental to the national security, he shall make the application for patent in which such invention is disclosed available for inspection to the Atomic Energy Commission, the Secretary of Defense, and the chief officer of any other department or agency of the Government designated by the President as a defense agency of the United States. Each individual to whom the application is disclosed shall sign a dated acknowledgment thereof, which acknowledgment shall be entered in the file of the application. If, in the opinion of the Atomic Energy Commission, the Secretary of a Defense Department, or the chief officer of another department or agency so designated, the publication or disclosure of the invention by the publication of an application or by the granting of a patent therefor would be detrimental to the national security, the Atomic Energy Commission, the Secretary of a Defense Department, or such other chief officer shall notify the Commissioner of Patents and the Commissioner of Patents shall order that the invention be kept secret and shall withhold the publication of the application or the grant of a patent for such period as the national interest requires, and notify the applicant thereof. Upon proper showing by the head of the department or agency who caused the secrecy order to be issued that the examination of the application might jeopardize the national interest, the Commissioner of Patents shall thereupon maintain the application in a sealed condition and notify the applicant thereof. The owner of an application which has been placed under a secrecy order shall have a right to appeal from the order to the Secretary of Commerce under rules prescribed by him. An invention shall not be ordered kept secret and the publication of the application or the grant of a patent withheld for a period of more than one year. The Commissioner of Patents shall renew the order at the end thereof, or at the end of any renewal period, for additional periods of one year upon notification by the head of the department or the chief officer of the agency who caused the order to be issued that an affirmative determination has been made that the national interest continues so to require. An order in effect, or issued, during a time when the United States is at war, shall remain in effect for the duration of hostilities and one year following cessation of hostilities. An order in effect, or issued, during a national emergency declared by the President shall remain in effect for the duration of the national emergency and six months thereafter. The Commissioner of Patents may rescind any order upon notification by the heads of the departments and the chief officers of the agencies who caused the order to be issued that the publication or disclosure of the invention is no longer deemed detrimental to the national security. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 805 ; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(9) [title IV, §§4507(7), 4732(a)(10)(B)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536 , 1501A-566, 1501A-582.)

   This section details the procedures for keeping inventions secret and withholding patent grants when their publication or disclosure might be detrimental to national security. It outlines roles for government agencies, the Commissioner of Patents, and defense agencies in initiating, reviewing, renewing, and rescinding such secrecy orders, and establishes appeal rights for affected applicants.

Chapter 18

1. §200 — Policy and objective It is the policy and objective of the Congress to use the patent system to promote the utilization of inventions arising from federally supported research or development; to encourage maximum participation of small business firms in federally supported research and development efforts; to promote collaboration between commercial concerns and nonprofit organizations, including universities; to ensure that inventions made by nonprofit organizations and small business firms are used in a manner to promote free competition and enterprise without unduly encumbering future research and discovery; to promote the commercialization and public availability of inventions made in the United States by United States industry and labor; to ensure that the Government obtains sufficient rights in federally supported inventions to meet the needs of the Government and protect the public against nonuse or unreasonable use of inventions; and to minimize the costs of administering policies in this area. (Added Pub. L. 96–517, §6(a), Dec. 12, 1980, 94 Stat. 3018 ; amended Pub. L. 106–404, §5, Nov. 1, 2000, 114 Stat. 1745 .)

   This section outlines the Congressional policy and objective to leverage the patent system for promoting the utilization of federally funded inventions, encouraging small business involvement, fostering collaboration, ensuring free competition for inventions by non-profits and small firms, advancing commercialization of U.S.-made inventions, securing government rights for federally supported innovations, and minimizing administrative costs.

2. §201 — Definitions As used in this chapter-

   This section provides definitions for key terms used within the chapter, including "Federal agency," "funding agreement," "contractor," "invention," "subject invention," "practical application," "made," "small business firm," and "nonprofit organization," clarifying their meanings in the context of federally supported research and development and intellectual property.

3. §202 — Disposition of rights

   This section details the disposition of rights for inventions arising from federally supported research involving nonprofit organizations and small business firms, outlining their ability to retain title, conditions for government intervention, and specific clauses required in funding agreements. It covers various aspects from disclosure and patent application requirements to the government's license rights and regulations regarding third-party licensing.

Chapter 25

1. §251 — Reissue of defective patents

   This section details the process for reissuing defective patents due to errors in specification, drawings, or claims, allowing for correction of the original patent for its unexpired term. It also addresses the possibility of multiple reissued patents, the applicability of general patent provisions to reissue applications, and sets a two-year limit for applications that seek to enlarge the scope of claims.

2. §252 — Effect of reissue The surrender of the original patent shall take effect upon the issue of the reissued patent, and every reissued patent shall have the same effect and operation in law, on the trial of actions for causes thereafter arising, as if the same had been originally granted in such amended form, but in so far as the claims of the original and reissued patents are substantially identical, such surrender shall not affect any action then pending nor abate any cause of action then existing, and the reissued patent, to the extent that its claims are substantially identical with the original patent, shall constitute a continuation thereof and have effect continuously from the date of the original patent. A reissued patent shall not abridge or affect the right of any person or that person's successors in business who, prior to the grant of a reissue, made, purchased, offered to sell, or used within the United States, or imported into the United States, anything patented by the reissued patent, to continue the use of, to offer to sell, or to sell to others to be used, offered for sale, or sold, the specific thing so made, purchased, offered for sale, used, or imported unless the making, using, offering for sale, or selling of such thing infringes a valid claim of the reissued patent which was in the original patent. The court before which such matter is in question may provide for the continued manufacture, use, offer for sale, or sale of the thing made, purchased, offered for sale, used, or imported as specified, or for the manufacture, use, offer for sale, or sale in the United States of which substantial preparation was made before the grant of the reissue, and the court may also provide for the continued practice of any process patented by the reissue that is practiced, or for the practice of which substantial preparation was made, before the grant of the reissue, to the extent and under such terms as the court deems equitable for the protection of investments made or business commenced before the grant of the reissue. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 808 ; Pub. L. 103–465, title V, §533(b)(2), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4989 ; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(9) [title IV, §4507(8)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536 , 1501A-566.)

   This section defines the legal effect of a reissued patent, stating that its surrender takes effect upon reissue and it operates as if originally granted in amended form, preserving pending actions if claims are substantially identical. It also protects the rights of those who, prior to reissue, made, purchased, offered to sell, used, or imported the patented item, allowing continued use unless it infringes a valid claim from the original patent.

Chapter 26

1. §261 — Ownership; assignment Subject to the provisions of this title, patents shall have the attributes of personal property. The Patent and Trademark Office shall maintain a register of interests in patents and applications for patents and shall record any document related thereto upon request, and may require a fee therefor. Applications for patent, patents, or any interest therein, shall be assignable in law by an instrument in writing. The applicant, patentee, or his assigns or legal representatives may in like manner grant and convey an exclusive right under his application for patent, or patents, to the whole or any specified part of the United States. A certificate of acknowledgment under the hand and official seal of a person authorized to administer oaths within the United States, or, in a foreign country, of a diplomatic or consular officer of the United States or an officer authorized to administer oaths whose authority is proved by a certificate of a diplomatic or consular officer of the United States, or apostille of an official designated by a foreign country which, by treaty or convention, accords like effect to apostilles of designated officials in the United States, shall be prima facie evidence of the execution of an assignment, grant or conveyance of a patent or application for patent. An interest that constitutes an assignment, grant or conveyance shall be void as against any subsequent purchaser or mortgagee for a valuable consideration, without notice, unless it is recorded in the Patent and Trademark Office within three months from its date or prior to the date of such subsequent purchase or mortgage. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 810 ; Pub. L. 93–596, §1, Jan. 2, 1975, 88 Stat. 1949 ; Pub. L. 97–247, §14(b), Aug. 27, 1982, 96 Stat. 321 ; Pub. L. 112–211, title II, §201(d), Dec. 18, 2012, 126 Stat. 1535 .)

   This section establishes patents as personal property, outlines their assignability through written instruments, and details the recording requirements for patent interests with the Patent and Trademark Office. It also specifies the types of acknowledgments that serve as prima facie evidence of execution and the conditions under which an unrecorded interest becomes void against subsequent purchasers or mortgagees.

Chapter 28

1. §271 — Infringement of patent

   This section defines various forms of patent infringement, including direct, induced, and contributory infringement, and outlines the conditions under which a patent owner's actions do not constitute misuse. It also provides specific exemptions and limitations related to the development of information for drug and veterinary biological product approvals, detailing the remedies available for such infringements and the conditions for declaratory judgments.

2. §273 — Defense to infringement based on prior commercial use

Chapter 29

1. §281 — Remedy for infringement of patent A patentee shall have remedy by civil action for infringement of his patent. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 812 .)

   This section establishes that a patentee has the right to seek a remedy through a civil action for the infringement of their patent.

2. §282 — Presumption of validity; defenses

   This section establishes the presumption of patent validity, outlining that each claim is presumed valid independently, with the burden of proving invalidity resting on the asserting party. It also enumerates specific defenses against claims of patent invalidity or infringement, including noninfringement, various forms of invalidity, and procedural requirements for notice in actions involving patent validity or infringement.

3. §283 — Injunction The several courts having jurisdiction of cases under this title may grant injunctions in accordance with the principles of equity to prevent the violation of any right secured by patent, on such terms as the court deems reasonable. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 812 .)

   This section authorizes courts with jurisdiction over patent cases to grant injunctions, based on principles of equity, to prevent the violation of patent rights under terms deemed reasonable by the court.

4. §284 — Damages Upon finding for the claimant the court shall award the claimant damages adequate to compensate for the infringement, but in no event less than a reasonable royalty for the use made of the invention by the infringer, together with interest and costs as fixed by the court. When the damages are not found by a jury, the court shall assess them. In either event the court may increase the damages up to three times the amount found or assessed. Increased damages under this paragraph shall not apply to provisional rights under section 154(d). The court may receive expert testimony as an aid to the determination of damages or of what royalty would be reasonable under the circumstances. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 813 ; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(9) [title IV, §4507(9)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536 , 1501A-566; Pub. L. 112–29, §20(j), Sept. 16, 2011, 125 Stat. 335 .)

   This section mandates that courts award adequate damages for patent infringement, not less than a reasonable royalty, along with interest and costs. It also permits the court to triple damages and utilize expert testimony to determine appropriate compensation, clarifying that increased damages do not apply to provisional rights.

5. §285 — Attorney fees The court in exceptional cases may award reasonable attorney fees to the prevailing party. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 813 .)

   This section grants courts the discretion to award reasonable attorney fees to the prevailing party in exceptional patent cases.

6. §286 — Time limitation on damages Except as otherwise provided by law, no recovery shall be had for any infringement committed more than six years prior to the filing of the complaint or counterclaim for infringement in the action. In the case of claims against the United States Government for use of a patented invention, the period before bringing suit, up to six years, between the date of receipt of a written claim for compensation by the department or agency of the Government having authority to settle such claim, and the date of mailing by the Government of a notice to the claimant that his claim has been denied shall not be counted as part of the period referred to in the preceding paragraph. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 813 .)

   This section establishes a six-year time limit for recovering damages for patent infringement, measured from the filing of a complaint or counterclaim. It also specifies that for claims against the U.S. Government, the period between claim submission and denial notification, up to six years, is excluded from this limitation period.

7. §287 — Limitation on damages and other remedies; marking and notice

   This section outlines limitations on damages and remedies for patent infringement, emphasizing the importance of marking patented articles or providing notice to infringers for damage recovery. It also details specific rules for process patent infringement, including conditions for good faith disclosures and exemptions for medical practitioners performing certain medical activities.

8. §288 — Action for infringement of a patent containing an invalid claim Whenever a claim of a patent is invalid, an action may be maintained for the infringement of a claim of the patent which may be valid. The patentee shall recover no costs unless a disclaimer of the invalid claim has been entered at the Patent and Trademark Office before the commencement of the suit. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 813 ; Pub. L. 93–596, §1, Jan. 2, 1975, 88 Stat. 1949 ; Pub. L. 112–29, §20(h), Sept. 16, 2011, 125 Stat. 334 .)

   This section permits a patentee to maintain an infringement action on valid claims even if other claims in the same patent are invalid, but the patentee cannot recover costs unless a disclaimer for the invalid claim was filed before the suit began.

9. §289 — Additional remedy for infringement of design patent Whoever during the term of a patent for a design, without license of the owner, (1) applies the patented design, or any colorable imitation thereof, to any article of manufacture for the purpose of sale, or (2) sells or exposes for sale any article of manufacture to which such design or colorable imitation has been applied shall be liable to the owner to the extent of his total profit, but not less than $250, recoverable in any United States district court having jurisdiction of the parties. Nothing in this section shall prevent, lessen, or impeach any other remedy which an owner of an infringed patent has under the provisions of this title, but he shall not twice recover the profit made from the infringement. (July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 813 .)

   This section provides an additional remedy for infringement of a design patent, making an infringer liable for the total profit, but not less than $250, if they apply a patented design or a colorable imitation to an article for sale, or sell such an article, without the owner's license. It also clarifies that this remedy does not preclude other available remedies, but double recovery of profits from infringement is prohibited.

10. §299 — Joinder of parties

    This section establishes the rules for joinder of accused infringers in patent-related civil actions, allowing joinder only when relief is asserted based on the same transaction or occurrence involving the same accused product or process, and common questions of fact arise. It explicitly states that joinder cannot be based solely on allegations of infringement and allows parties to waive these limitations.

Chapter 30

1. §301 — Citation of prior art and written statements

   This section permits any person to cite prior art or patent owner statements to the Patent and Trademark Office, which, with an explanation of pertinence, become part of the patent's official file. It specifies that such statements are only considered for claim meaning in certain proceedings and allows for confidentiality of the citor's identity.

Chapter 31

1. §311 — Inter partes review

   Section 311 establishes the process for inter partes review of a patent, allowing a non-owner to petition the Office. This review permits the cancellation of patent claims only on grounds related to sections 102 or 103, based on prior art from patents or printed publications, and specifies filing deadlines relative to the patent grant or the termination of a post-grant review instituted under chapter 32.

Chapter 32

1. §321 — Post-grant review

   Section 321 outlines the process for post-grant review of a patent, allowing a non-owner to petition the Office for institution. This review enables the cancellation of patent claims based on any ground of invalidity that could be raised under paragraph (2) or (3) of section 282(b), and must be filed within 9 months of the patent's grant or reissue.

Title 36

1. §101 — American Heart Month

2. §102 — Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month

3. §103 — Cancer Control Month

4. §104 — Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day

5. §105 — Child Health Day

6. §106 — Constitution Day and Citizenship Day

7. §107 — Columbus Day

8. §108 — Constitution Week

9. §109 — Father’s Day

10. §110 — Flag Day

11. §111 — Gold Star Mother’s Day

12. §112 — Honor America Days

13. §113 — Law Day, U.S.A.

14. §114 — Leif Erikson Day

15. §115 — Loyalty Day

16. §116 — Memorial Day

17. §117 — Mother’s Day

18. §118 — National Aviation Day

19. §119 — National Day of Prayer

20. §120 — National Defense Transportation Day

21. §121 — National Disability Employment Awareness Month

22. §122 — National Flag Week

23. §123 — National Forest Products Week

24. §124 — National Freedom Day

25. §125 — National Grandparents Day

26. §126 — National Hispanic Heritage Month

27. §127 — National Korean War Veterans Armistice Day

28. §128 — National Maritime Day

29. §129 — National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day

30. §130 — National Poison Prevention Week

31. §131 — National Safe Boating Week

32. §132 — National School Lunch Week

33. §133 — National Transportation Week

34. §134 — Pan American Aviation Day

35. §135 — Parents’ Day

36. §136 — Peace Officers Memorial Day

37. §137 — Police Week

38. §138 — Save Your Vision Week

39. §139 — Steelmark Month

40. §140 — Stephen Foster Memorial Day

41. §141 — Thomas Jefferson’s birthday

42. §142 — White Cane Safety Day

43. §143 — Wright Brothers Day

44. §144 — Patriot Day

45. §145 — Veterans Day

46. §146 — National Atomic Veterans Day

47. §147 — Choose Respect Day

48. §148 — U.S. Hostage and Wrongful Detainee Day

49. §301 — National anthem

50. §302 — National motto

51. §303 — National floral emblem

52. §304 — National march

53. §305 — National tree

54. §306 — National bird

55. §501 — Definitions

56. §502 — Regulations, licenses, and registration tags

57. §503 — Use of reservations, grounds, and public spaces

58. §504 — Installation and removal of electrical facilities

59. §505 — Extension of wires along parade routes

60. §506 — Duration of regulations and licenses and publication of regulations

61. §507 — Application to other property

62. §508 — Enforcement

63. §509 — Penalty

64. §510 — Disclosure of and prohibition on certain donations

65. §511 — Authorization of appropriations

66. §701 — Findings

67. §702 — Definition

68. §703 — Duties of Federal land management agency

69. §704 — Activities

70. §901 — Service flag and service lapel button

71. §902 — National League of Families POW/MIA flag

72. §902 — Section 1082(g) of that Act, which defined “POW/MIA flag” as used in section 1082 by reference to section 2 of Public Law 101–355 , is unnecessary because the two provisions are restated together in section 902 of title 36 .

73. §902 — Section 1082(h), which required that regulations be prescribed no later than 180 days after enactment of Public law 105–85, is repealed as executed.

74. §902 — Section 1082(i), which required that the Administrator of GSA procure and distribute POW/MIA flags no later than 30 days after enactment of Public Law 105–85 , is repealed as executed.

75. §902 — Section 1082(j), which repealed section 1084 of Public Law 102–190 (previously restated as subsections (b) and (c) of section 902 of title 36 ), is repealed as executed.

76. §903 — Designation of Medal of Honor Flag

77. §903 — Section 505 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 2734 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 116(b)(2) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4226 , and references to section 505 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

78. §904 — Hostage and Wrongful Detainee flag

79. §2101 — Membership

80. §2102 — Employment of personnel

81. §2103 — Administrative

82. §2104 — Military cemeteries in foreign countries

83. §2105 — Monuments built by the United States Government

84. §2106 — War memorials not built by the United States Government

85. §2107 — National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific

86. §2108 — Pacific War Memorial and other historical and memorial sites on Corregidor

87. §2109 — Foreign Currency Fluctuations Account

88. §2110 — Claims against the Commission

89. §2111 — Presidential duties and powers

90. §2112 — Care and maintenance of Surrender Tree site

91. §2113 — World War II memorial in the District of Columbia

92. §2114 — Intellectual property and related items

93. §2114 — Section 203 of title 17 shall not apply to any copyright transferred in any manner to the Commission.

94. §2115 — Acquisition, operation, and maintenance of Lafayette Escadrille Memorial

95. §2301 — Establishment of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum; functions

96. §2302 — Functions of the Council; membership

97. §2303 — Compensation; travel expenses; full-time officers or employees of United States or Members of Congress

98. §2304 — Administrative provisions

99. §2305 — Staff

100. §2306 — Insurance for Museum

101. §2307 — Gifts, bequests, and devises of property; tax treatment

102. §2308 — Annual report

103. §2309 — Audit of financial transactions

104. §2310 — Authorization of appropriations

105. §2501 — Acceptance of voluntary services and money or property

106. §2502 — Authorization of appropriations

107. §10101 — Audits

108. §10102 — Reservation of right to amend or repeal

109. §20101 — Organization

110. §20102 — Purposes

111. §20103 — Membership

112. §20104 — Governing body

113. §20105 — Powers

114. §20106 — Restrictions

115. §20107 — Principal office

116. §20108 — Records and inspection

117. §20109 — Service of process

118. §20110 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

119. §20111 — Use of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

120. §20201 — Definition

121. §20202 — Organization

122. §20203 — Purposes

123. §20204 — Membership

124. §20205 — Governing body

125. §20206 — Powers

126. §20207 — Restrictions

127. §20208 — Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status

128. §20209 — Records and inspection

129. §20210 — Service of process

130. §20211 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

131. §20212 — Annual report

132. §20301 — Organization

133. §20302 — Purpose

134. §20303 — Membership

135. §20304 — Powers

136. §20305 — Annual meeting

137. §20306 — Annual report

138. §20307 — Nonapplication of audit requirements

139. §20501 — Organization

140. §20502 — Purposes

141. §20503 — Powers

142. §20504 — Cooperation with the military

143. §20505 — Annual meeting

144. §20506 — Annual report

145. §20701 — Definition

146. §20702 — Organization

147. §20703 — Purposes

148. §20704 — Membership

149. §20705 — Governing body

150. §20706 — Powers

151. §20707 — Restrictions

152. §20708 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

153. §20709 — Records and inspection

154. §20710 — Service of process

155. §20711 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

156. §20712 — Annual report

157. §20901 — Definition

158. §20902 — Organization

159. §20903 — Purposes

160. §20904 — Membership

161. §20905 — Governing body

162. §20906 — Powers

163. §20907 — Exclusive right to name and emblem

164. §20908 — Restrictions

165. §20909 — Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status

166. §20910 — Records and inspection

167. §20911 — Service of process

168. §20912 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

169. §20913 — Annual report

170. §21001 — Definition

171. §21002 — Organization

172. §21003 — Purposes

173. §21004 — Membership

174. §21005 — Governing body

175. §21006 — Powers

176. §21007 — Restrictions

177. §21008 — Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status

178. §21009 — Records and inspection

179. §21010 — Service of process

180. §21011 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

181. §21012 — Annual report

182. §21101 — Definition

183. §21102 — Organization

184. §21103 — Purposes

185. §21104 — Membership

186. §21105 — Governing body

187. §21106 — Powers

188. §21107 — Restrictions

189. §21108 — Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status

190. §21109 — Records and inspection

191. §21110 — Service of process

192. §21111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

193. §21112 — Annual report

194. §21301 — Organization

195. §21302 — Purposes

196. §21303 — Powers

197. §21304 — Annual meeting

198. §21305 — Principal office

199. §21306 — Historical collections

200. §21307 — Annual report

201. §21501 — Organization

202. §21502 — Purpose

203. §21503 — Governing body

204. §21504 — Acquisition and management of property

205. §21505 — Charges for medical services

206. §21506 — Principal office

207. §21507 — Nonapplication of audit requirements

208. §21701 — Organization

209. §21702 — Purposes

210. §21703 — Membership

211. §21704 — Powers

212. § 21704A. Nondiscrimination

213. §21705 — Exclusive right to name, emblems, and badges

214. §21706 — Political activities

215. §21707 — Service of process

216. §21708 — Annual report

217. §21901 — Organization

218. §21902 — Purposes

219. §21903 — Powers

220. §21904 — Exclusive right to name

221. §21905 — Restrictions

222. §21906 — Headquarters and meetings

223. §21907 — Service of process

224. §21908 — Annual report

225. §22101 — Organization

226. §22102 — Purposes

227. §22103 — Governing body

228. §22104 — Powers

229. §22105 — Restrictions

230. §22106 — Principal office

231. §22107 — Records and inspection

232. §22108 — Service of process

233. §22109 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

234. §22301 — Organization

235. §22302 — Purposes

236. §22303 — Membership

237. §22304 — Governing body

238. §22305 — Powers

239. §22306 — Exclusive right to name, insignia, emblems, and badges

240. §22307 — Restrictions

241. §22308 — Principal office

242. §22309 — Records and inspection

243. §22310 — Service of process

244. §22311 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

245. §22312 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

246. §22501 — Organization

247. §22502 — Purposes

248. §22503 — Membership

249. §22504 — Powers

250. §22505 — Exclusive right to name

251. §22506 — Restrictions

252. §22507 — Tax-exempt status

253. §22508 — Meetings

254. §22509 — Service of process

255. §22510 — Annual report

256. §22701 — Organization

257. §22702 — Purposes

258. §22703 — Membership

259. §22704 — Governing body

260. §22705 — Powers

261. §22706 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

262. §22707 — Restrictions

263. §22708 — Headquarters and principal place of business

264. §22709 — Records and inspection

265. §22710 — Service of process

266. §22711 — Liability for acts of officials, representatives, and agents

267. §22712 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

268. §22901 — Definition

269. §22902 — Organization

270. §22903 — Purposes

271. §22904 — Membership

272. §22905 — Governing body

273. §22906 — Powers

274. §22907 — Restrictions

275. §22908 — Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status

276. §22909 — Records and inspection

277. §22910 — Service of process

278. §22911 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

279. §22912 — Annual report

280. §23101 — Organization

281. §23102 — Purposes

282. §23103 — Membership

283. §23104 — Governing body

284. §23105 — Powers

285. §23106 — Restrictions

286. §23107 — Principal office

287. §23108 — Records and inspection

288. §23109 — Statement required in audit report

289. §23110 — Service of process

290. §23111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

291. §23112 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

292. §30101 — Organization

293. §30102 — Purposes

294. §30103 — Membership

295. §30104 — Governing body

296. §30105 — Powers

297. §30106 — Exclusive right to names, seals, emblems, and badges

298. §30107 — Restrictions

299. §30108 — Principal office

300. §30109 — Records and inspection

301. §30110 — Service of process

302. §30111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

303. §30112 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

304. §30301 — Organization

305. §30302 — Purposes

306. §30303 — Membership

307. §30304 — Governing body

308. §30305 — Powers

309. §30306 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

310. §30307 — Restrictions

311. §30308 — Principal office

312. §30309 — Records and inspection

313. §30310 — Service of process

314. §30311 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

315. §30312 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

316. §30501 — Definition

317. §30502 — Organization

318. §30503 — Purposes

319. §30504 — Membership

320. §30505 — Governing body

321. §30506 — Powers

322. §30507 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

323. §30508 — Restrictions

324. §30509 — Principal office

325. §30510 — Records and inspection

326. §30511 — Service of process

327. §30512 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

328. §30513 — Annual report

329. §30514 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

330. §30701 — Organization

331. §30702 — Purpose

332. §30703 — Membership

333. §30704 — Governing body

334. §30705 — Powers

335. §30706 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

336. §30707 — Restrictions

337. §30708 — Principal office

338. §30709 — Records and inspection

339. §30710 — Service of process

340. §30711 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

341. §30712 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

342. §30901 — Organization

343. §30902 — Purposes

344. §30903 — Governing body

345. §30904 — Powers

346. §30905 — Exclusive right to emblems, badges, marks, and words

347. §30906 — Restrictions

348. §30907 — Annual and special meetings

349. §30908 — Annual report

350. §31101 — Organization

351. §31102 — Purposes

352. §31103 — Membership

353. §31104 — Governing body

354. §31105 — Powers

355. §31106 — Restrictions

356. §31107 — Principal office

357. §31108 — Records and inspection

358. §31109 — Service of process

359. §31110 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

360. §31111 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

361. §40101 — Definition

362. §40102 — Organization

363. §40103 — Purposes

364. §40104 — Membership

365. §40105 — Governing body

366. §40106 — Powers

367. §40107 — Restrictions

368. §40108 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

369. §40109 — Records and inspection

370. §40110 — Service of process

371. §40111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

372. §40112 — Annual report

373. §40301 — Organization

374. §40302 — Purposes

375. §40303 — Membership and governing body

376. §40304 — Powers

377. §40305 — Restrictions

378. §40306 — Exclusive right to name, insignia, copyrights, emblems, badges, marks, and words

379. §40307 — Annual report

380. §40501 — Organization

381. §40502 — Purposes

382. §40503 — Membership

383. §40504 — Governing body

384. §40505 — Powers

385. §40506 — Restrictions

386. §40507 — Principal office

387. §40508 — Records and inspection

388. §40509 — Service of process

389. §40510 — Liability

390. §40511 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

391. §40701 — Organization

392. §40702 — Governing body

393. §40703 — Powers

394. §40704 — Restrictions

395. §40705 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

396. §40706 — Distribution of assets on dissolution

397. §40707 — Nonapplication of audit requirements

398. §40721 — Responsibility of corporation

399. §40722 — Functions

400. §40723 — Eligibility for participation

401. §40724 — Priority of youth participation

402. §40725 — National Matches and small-arms firing school

403. §40726 — Allowances for junior competitors

404. §40727 — Army support

405. §40728 — Transfer of firearms, ammunition, and parts

406. § 40728A. Recovery of excess firearms, ammunition, and parts granted to foreign countries and transfer to corporation

407. § 40728B. Recovery of excess rifles, ammunition, and parts granted to foreign countries and transfer to certain persons

408. §40729 — Reservation of firearms, ammunition, and parts

409. §40729 — Section 1208 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 1208 of Pub. L. 101–189 , div. A, title XII, Nov. 29, 1989 , 103 Stat. 1566 , which was set out as a note under section 372 of Title 10 , Armed Forces, and was repealed and restated in section 2576a of Title 10 by Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title X, § 1033(a)(1) , (b)(1), Sept. 23, 1996 , 110 Stat. 2639 , 2640. Section 372 of Title 10 was renumbered section 272 by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XII, § 1241(a)(2) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2497 .

410. §40730 — Surplus property

411. §40731 — Issuance or loan of firearms and supplies

412. §40732 — Sale of firearms and supplies

413. §40733 — Applicability of other law

414. §50101 — Definition

415. §50102 — Organization

416. §50103 — Purposes

417. §50104 — Membership

418. §50105 — Governing body

419. §50106 — Powers

420. §50107 — Restrictions

421. §50108 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

422. §50109 — Records and inspection

423. §50110 — Service of process

424. §50111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

425. §50112 — Annual report

426. §50301 — Organization

427. §50302 — Purposes

428. §50303 — Membership

429. §50304 — Powers

430. §50305 — Exclusive right to name

431. §50306 — Restrictions

432. §50307 — Service of process

433. §50308 — Annual report

434. §50309 — Dissolution

435. §60101 — Definition

436. §60102 — Organization

437. §60103 — Purposes

438. §60104 — Membership

439. §60105 — Governing body

440. §60106 — Powers

441. §60107 — Restrictions

442. §60108 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

443. §60109 — Records and inspection

444. §60110 — Service of process

445. §60111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

446. §60112 — Annual report

447. §70101 — Definition

448. §70102 — Organization

449. §70103 — Purposes

450. §70104 — Membership

451. §70105 — Governing body

452. §70106 — Powers

453. §70107 — Restrictions

454. §70108 — Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status

455. §70109 — Records and inspection

456. §70110 — Service of process

457. §70111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

458. §70112 — Annual report

459. §70301 — Definition

460. §70302 — Organization

461. §70303 — Purposes

462. §70304 — Membership

463. §70305 — Governing body

464. §70306 — Powers

465. §70307 — Restrictions

466. §70308 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

467. §70309 — Records and inspection

468. §70310 — Service of process

469. §70311 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

470. §70312 — Annual report

471. §70501 — Organization

472. §70502 — Purposes

473. §70503 — Membership

474. §70504 — Governing body

475. §70505 — Powers

476. §70506 — Exclusive right to name

477. §70507 — Restrictions

478. §70508 — Principal office

479. §70509 — Records and inspection

480. §70510 — Service of process

481. §70511 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

482. §70512 — Deposit of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

483. §70701 — Organization

484. §70702 — Purposes

485. §70703 — Governing body

486. §70704 — Powers

487. §70705 — Management of homestead and erection of monument

488. §70706 — Property exempt from taxation

489. §70707 — Misnomer not to affect transfer of property

490. §70708 — Nonapplication of audit requirements

491. §70901 — Organization

492. §70902 — Purposes

493. §70903 — Membership

494. §70904 — Governing body

495. §70905 — National officers

496. §70906 — Powers

497. §70907 — Exclusive right to name, 1 1 So in original. Probably should be “names”. seals, emblems, and badges

498. §70908 — Restrictions

499. §70909 — Relationship to Federal agencies

500. §70910 — Headquarters and principal office

501. §70911 — Records and inspection

502. §70912 — Service of process

503. §70913 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

504. §70914 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

505. §80101 — Organization

506. §80102 — Purposes

507. §80103 — Constitution and bylaws

508. §80104 — Property

509. §80105 — Principal office and meetings

510. §80106 — Distribution of assets on dissolution

511. §80301 — Organization

512. §80302 — Purposes

513. §80303 — Governing body

514. §80304 — Powers

515. §80305 — Exclusive right to emblems, badges, marks, and words

516. §80306 — Restrictions

517. §80307 — Annual report

518. §80501 — Definition

519. §80502 — Organization

520. §80503 — Purposes

521. §80504 — Membership

522. §80505 — Governing body

523. §80506 — Powers

524. §80507 — Restrictions

525. §80508 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

526. §80509 — Records and inspection

527. §80510 — Service of process

528. §80511 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

529. §80512 — Annual report

530. §90101 — Organization

531. §90102 — Purposes

532. §90102 — Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is classified to section 501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

533. §90103 — Board of directors

534. §90104 — Officers and employees

535. §90105 — Powers

536. §90106 — Principal office

537. §90107 — Service of process

538. §90108 — Annual audit

539. §90109 — Civil action by Attorney General for equitable relief

540. §90110 — Immunity of United States Government

541. §90111 — Authorization of appropriations

542. §90112 — Annual report

543. §100101 — Definition

544. §100102 — Organization

545. §100103 — Purposes

546. §100104 — Membership

547. §100105 — Governing body

548. §100106 — Powers

549. §100107 — Restrictions

550. §100108 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

551. §100109 — Records and inspection

552. §100110 — Service of process

553. §100111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

554. §100112 — Annual report

555. §110101 — Definition

556. §110102 — Organization

557. §110103 — Purposes

558. §110104 — Membership

559. §110105 — Governing body

560. §110106 — Powers

561. §110107 — Restrictions

562. §110108 — Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status

563. §110109 — Records and inspection

564. §110110 — Service of process

565. §110111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

566. §110112 — Annual report

567. §110301 — Organization

568. §110302 — Purposes

569. §110303 — Governing body

570. §110304 — Powers

571. §110305 — Restrictions

572. §110306 — Principal office

573. §110307 — Records and inspection

574. §110308 — Service of process

575. §110309 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

576. §110310 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

577. §120101 — Organization

578. §120101 — Section 501(c)(19) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 501(c)(19) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

579. §120102 — Purposes

580. §120103 — Membership

581. §120104 — Governing body

582. §120105 — Powers

583. §120106 — Restrictions

584. §120107 — Tax-exempt status required as condition of charter

585. §120108 — Records and inspection

586. §120109 — Service of process

587. §120110 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

588. §120111 — Annual report

589. §120112 — Definition

590. §130101 — Organization

591. §130102 — Purposes

592. §130103 — Membership

593. §130104 — Governing body

594. §130105 — Powers

595. §130106 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

596. §130107 — Restrictions

597. §130108 — Principal office

598. §130109 — Records and inspection

599. §130110 — Service of process

600. §130111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

601. §130112 — Annual report

602. §130113 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

603. §130301 — Organization

604. §130302 — Principles and purposes

605. §130303 — Membership

606. §130304 — Governing body

607. §130305 — Powers

608. §130306 — Restrictions

609. §130307 — Principal office

610. §130308 — Records and inspection

611. §130309 — Service of process

612. §130310 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

613. §130311 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

614. §130501 — Organization

615. §130502 — Purposes

616. §130503 — Membership

617. §130504 — Governing body

618. §130505 — Powers

619. §130506 — Exclusive right to name and emblems

620. §130507 — Restrictions

621. §130508 — Principal office

622. §130509 — Records and inspection

623. §130510 — Statement required in audit report

624. §130511 — Service of process

625. §130512 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

626. §130513 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

627. §140101 — Organization

628. §140102 — Purposes

629. §140103 — Powers

630. §140104 — Annual report

631. §140301 — Organization

632. §140302 — Purposes

633. §140303 — Powers

634. §140304 — Exclusive right to name

635. §140305 — Annual report

636. §140401 — Organization

637. §140401 — Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

638. §140402 — Purposes

639. §140403 — Membership

640. §140404 — Governing body

641. §140405 — Powers

642. §140406 — Restrictions

643. §140407 — Tax-exempt status required as condition of charter

644. §140408 — Records and inspection

645. §140409 — Service of process

646. §140410 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

647. §140411 — Annual report

648. §140412 — Definition

649. §140501 — Organization

650. §140502 — Principles and purposes

651. §140503 — Membership

652. §140504 — Governing body

653. §140505 — Powers

654. §140506 — Restrictions

655. §140507 — Principal office

656. §140508 — Records and inspection

657. §140509 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

658. §140510 — Service of process

659. §140511 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

660. §140701 — Definition

661. §140702 — Organization

662. §140703 — Purposes

663. §140704 — Membership

664. §140705 — Governing body

665. §140706 — Powers

666. §140707 — Restrictions

667. §140708 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

668. §140709 — Records and inspection

669. §140710 — Service of process

670. §140711 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

671. §140712 — Annual report

672. §150101 — Definition

673. §150102 — Organization

674. §150103 — Purposes

675. §150104 — Services to United States Government

676. §150105 — Membership

677. §150106 — Governing body

678. §150107 — Powers

679. §150108 — Restrictions

680. §150109 — Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status

681. §150110 — Records and inspection

682. §150111 — Service of process

683. §150112 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

684. §150113 — Annual report

685. §150301 — Federal charter

686. §150302 — Powers

687. §150303 — Services to United States Government

688. §150304 — Annual meeting

689. §150401 — Organization

690. §150402 — Purposes

691. §150403 — Membership

692. §150404 — Board of directors

693. §150405 — Officers

694. §150406 — Nondiscrimination

695. §150407 — Powers

696. §150408 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

697. §150409 — Restrictions

698. §150410 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

699. §150411 — Records and inspection

700. §150412 — Service of process

701. §150413 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

702. §150414 — Failure to comply with requirements

703. §150415 — Annual report

704. §150501 — Definition

705. §150502 — Organization

706. §150503 — Purposes

707. §150504 — Membership

708. §150505 — Governing body

709. §150506 — Powers

710. §150507 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

711. §150508 — Restrictions

712. §150509 — Headquarters and principal office

713. §150510 — Records and inspection

714. §150511 — Service of process

715. §150512 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

716. §150513 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

717. §150701 — Organization

718. §150702 — Purposes

719. §150703 — Membership

720. §150704 — National officers

721. §150705 — Board of directors

722. §150706 — Powers

723. §150707 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

724. §150708 — Restrictions

725. §150709 — Headquarters and principal office

726. §150710 — Records and inspection

727. §150711 — Service of process

728. §150712 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

729. §150713 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

730. §150901 — Organization

731. §150902 — Purposes

732. §150903 — Membership

733. §150904 — Governing body

734. §150905 — Powers

735. §150906 — Restrictions

736. §150907 — Principal office

737. §150908 — Records and inspection

738. §150909 — Statement required in audit report

739. §150910 — Service of process

740. §150911 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

741. §150912 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

742. §151101 — Organization

743. §151102 — Purposes

744. §151103 — Membership

745. §151104 — Governing body

746. §151105 — Powers

747. §151106 — Tax exemption

748. §151107 — Principal office

749. §151108 — Nonapplication of audit requirements

750. §151301 — Organization

751. §151302 — Purposes

752. §151302 — Section 5201(b) of former Title 36, from which this section was derived, was amended after the Aug. 15, 1997 , cutoff date by Pub. L. 105–276, title IV, § 427(a) , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2510 , see section 5(a) of Pub. L. 105–225 , set out as a Legislative Purpose and Construction note preceding section 101 of this title . The subsequent amendment made directly to this section by Pub. L. 106–503 replicated the prior amendment made by Pub. L. 105–276 , with the exception that in par. (1)(B), the words “plan, direct, and manage the memorial service referred to in subparagraph (A)” were used instead of “plan, direct, and manage the memorial service referred to in subparagraph (A) and related activities”.

753. §151303 — Board of directors

754. §151304 — Officers and employees

755. §151304 — Section 5202(g)(1) of former Title 36, from which this section was derived, was amended after the Aug. 15, 1997 , cutoff date by Pub. L. 105–276, title IV, § 427(b) , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2511 , see section 5(a) of Pub. L. 105–225 , set out as a Legislative Purpose and Construction note preceding section 101 of this title . The subsequent amendment made directly to this section by section 113(c)(1) of Pub. L. 106–503 replicated the prior amendment made by Pub. L. 105–276 .

756. §151305 — Powers

757. §151306 — Principal office

758. §151307 — Provision and acceptance of support by Administrator

759. §151307 — Section 5204 of former Title 36, from which subsec. (a) of this section was derived, was amended generally after the Aug. 15, 1997 , cutoff date by Pub. L. 105–276, title IV, § 427(c) , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2511 , see section 5(a) of Pub. L. 105–225 , set out as a Legislative Purpose and Construction note preceding section 101 of this title . The subsequent amendment made directly to this section by Pub. L. 106–503 replicated the prior amendment made by Pub. L. 105–276 , with the following exceptions—(1) in the introductory provisions of subsec. (a)(1), the words “During the 10-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of the Fire Administration Authorization Act of 2000” were used instead of “During the 10-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1999”, (2) in subsec. (a)(1)(A), the words “other administrative services to” were used instead of “other required services for the operation of”, and (3) in subsec. (a)(1)(B), the words “may require and accept reimbursements” were used instead of “may accept reimbursement”.

760. §151308 — Service of process

761. §151309 — Civil action by Attorney General for equitable relief

762. §151310 — Immunity of United States Government

763. §151311 — Annual report

764. §151501 — Definition

765. §151502 — Organization

766. §151503 — Purposes

767. §151504 — Membership

768. §151505 — Governing body

769. §151506 — Powers

770. §151507 — Restrictions

771. §151508 — Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status

772. §151509 — Records and inspection

773. §151510 — Service of process

774. §151511 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

775. §151512 — Annual report

776. §151701 — Organization

777. §151702 — Purposes

778. §151703 — Board of directors

779. §151704 — Officers and employees

780. §151705 — Powers

781. §151706 — Principal office

782. §151707 — Provision and acceptance of support by Librarian of Congress

783. §151708 — Service of process

784. §151709 — Civil action by Attorney General for equitable relief

785. §151710 — Immunity of United States Government

786. §151711 — Authorization of appropriations

787. §151712 — Annual report

788. §151901 — Organization

789. §151902 — Purposes

790. §151903 — Membership

791. §151904 — Governing body

792. §151905 — Powers

793. §151906 — Restrictions

794. §151907 — Principal office

795. §151908 — Records and inspection

796. §151909 — Service of process

797. §151910 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

798. §151911 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

799. §152101 — Definition

800. §152102 — Organization

801. §152103 — Purposes

802. §152104 — Membership

803. §152105 — Governing body

804. §152106 — Powers

805. §152107 — Restrictions

806. §152108 — Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status

807. §152109 — Records and inspection

808. §152110 — Service of process

809. §152111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

810. §152112 — Annual report

811. §152301 — Organization

812. §152302 — Purposes

813. §152303 — Membership

814. §152304 — Governing body

815. §152305 — Powers

816. §152306 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

817. §152307 — Restrictions

818. §152308 — Principal office

819. §152309 — Records and inspection

820. §152310 — Service of process

821. §152311 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

822. §152312 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

823. §152401 — Organization

824. §152402 — Purposes

825. §152403 — Board of directors

826. §152404 — Officers and employees

827. §152405 — Powers

828. §152406 — Principal office

829. §152407 — Provision and acceptance of support by Librarian of Congress

830. §152408 — Service of process

831. §152409 — Civil action by Attorney General for equitable relief

832. §152410 — Immunity of United States Government

833. §152411 — Authorization of appropriations

834. §152412 — Annual report

835. §152501 — Organization

836. §152502 — Purposes

837. §152503 — Membership

838. §152504 — Governing body

839. §152505 — Powers

840. §152506 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

841. §152507 — Restrictions

842. §152508 — Principal office

843. §152509 — Records and inspection

844. §152510 — Service of process

845. §152511 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

846. §152512 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

847. §152701 — Definition

848. §152702 — Organization

849. §152703 — Purposes

850. §152704 — Membership

851. §152705 — Governing body

852. §152706 — Powers

853. §152707 — Restrictions

854. §152708 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

855. §152709 — Records and inspection

856. §152710 — Service of process

857. §152711 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

858. §152712 — Annual report

859. §152901 — Definition

860. §152902 — Organization

861. §152903 — Purposes

862. §152904 — Membership

863. §152905 — Governing body

864. §152906 — Powers

865. §152907 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

866. §152908 — Restrictions

867. §152909 — Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status

868. §152910 — Records and inspection

869. §152911 — Service of process

870. §152912 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

871. §152913 — Annual report

872. §153101 — Organization

873. §153102 — Purposes

874. §153103 — Powers

875. §153104 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

876. §153105 — Principal office

877. §153106 — Deposit of historical material in Smithsonian Institution

878. §153107 — Annual report

879. §153301 — Organization

880. §153302 — Purposes

881. §153303 — Powers

882. §153304 — Trustees

883. §153501 — Organization

884. §153502 — Purposes

885. §153503 — Membership

886. §153504 — Governing body

887. §153505 — Powers

888. §153506 — Exclusive right to name

889. §153507 — Restrictions

890. §153508 — Principal office and location of activities and gardens

891. §153509 — Records and inspection

892. §153510 — Statement required in audit report

893. §153511 — Service of process

894. §153512 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

895. §153513 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

896. §153514 — Authorization of appropriations

897. §153701 — Organization

898. §153702 — Purposes

899. §153703 — Membership

900. §153704 — Governing body

901. §153705 — Powers

902. §153706 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

903. §153707 — Restrictions

904. §153708 — Principal office

905. §153709 — Records and inspection

906. §153710 — Service of process

907. §153711 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

908. §153712 — Annual report

909. §153713 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

910. §153901 — Organization

911. §153902 — Purposes

912. §153903 — Powers

913. §153904 — Deposit of historical material

914. §154101 — Organization

915. §154102 — Purposes

916. §154103 — Membership

917. §154104 — Governing body

918. §154105 — Powers

919. §154106 — Exclusive right to name, insignia, emblems, badges, marks, and words

920. §154107 — Restrictions

921. §154108 — Principal office

922. §154109 — Records and inspection

923. §154110 — Service of process

924. §154111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

925. §154112 — Annual report

926. §154113 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

927. §154301 — Organization

928. §154302 — Purposes

929. §154303 — Powers

930. §154304 — Annual report

931. §154501 — Definition

932. §154502 — Organization

933. §154503 — Purposes

934. §154504 — Membership

935. §154505 — Governing body

936. §154506 — Powers

937. §154507 — Restrictions

938. §154508 — Duty to maintain corporate and tax-exempt status

939. §154509 — Records and inspection

940. §154510 — Service of process

941. §154511 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

942. §154512 — Annual report

943. §154701 — Definition

944. §154702 — Organization

945. §154703 — Purposes

946. §154704 — Membership

947. §154705 — Governing body

948. §154706 — Powers

949. §154707 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

950. §154708 — Restrictions

951. §154709 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

952. §154710 — Records and inspection

953. §154711 — Service of process

954. §154712 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

955. §154713 — Annual report

956. §170101 — Organization

957. §170102 — Purposes

958. §170103 — Membership

959. §170104 — Powers

960. §170105 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

961. §170106 — Restrictions

962. §170107 — Headquarters and principal place of business

963. §170108 — Records and inspection

964. §170109 — Service of process

965. §170110 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

966. §170111 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

967. §170301 — Definition

968. §170302 — Organization

969. §170303 — Purposes

970. §170304 — Membership

971. §170305 — Governing body

972. §170306 — Powers

973. §170307 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

974. §170308 — Restrictions

975. §170309 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

976. §170310 — Records and inspection

977. §170311 — Service of process

978. §170312 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

979. §170313 — Annual report

980. §170501 — Definition

981. §170502 — Organization

982. §170503 — Purposes

983. §170504 — Membership

984. §170505 — Governing body

985. §170506 — Powers

986. §170507 — Restrictions

987. §170508 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

988. §170509 — Records and inspection

989. §170510 — Service of process

990. §170511 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

991. §170512 — Annual report

992. §190101 — Organization

993. §190102 — Purposes

994. §190103 — Membership

995. §190104 — Governing body

996. §190105 — Powers

997. §190106 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

998. §190107 — Restrictions

999. §190108 — Headquarters

1000. §190109 — Records and inspection

1001. §190110 — Service of process

1002. §190111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

1003. §190112 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

1004. §190301 — Definition

1005. §190302 — Organization

1006. §190303 — Purposes

1007. §190304 — Membership

1008. §190305 — Governing body

1009. §190306 — Powers

1010. §190307 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

1011. §190308 — Restrictions

1012. §190309 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

1013. §190310 — Records and inspection

1014. §190311 — Service of process

1015. §190312 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

1016. §190313 — Annual report

1017. §200101 — Organization

1018. §200102 — Purposes

1019. §200103 — Powers

1020. §200104 — Restrictions

1021. §200105 — Principal office

1022. §200106 — Nonapplication of audit requirements

1023. §200301 — Organization

1024. §200302 — Purposes

1025. §200303 — Membership

1026. §200304 — Governing body

1027. §200305 — Powers

1028. §200306 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

1029. §200307 — Restrictions

1030. §200308 — Principal office

1031. §200309 — Records and inspection

1032. §200310 — Service of process

1033. §200311 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

1034. §200312 — Annual report

1035. §200313 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

1036. §210101 — Organization

1037. §210102 — Purposes

1038. §210103 — Membership

1039. §210104 — Governing body

1040. §210105 — Powers

1041. §210106 — Restrictions

1042. §210107 — Nonapplication of audit requirements

1043. §210301 — Definition

1044. §210302 — Organization

1045. §210303 — Purposes

1046. §210304 — Membership

1047. §210305 — Governing body

1048. §210306 — Powers

1049. §210307 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

1050. §210308 — Restrictions

1051. §210309 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

1052. §210310 — Records and inspection

1053. §210311 — Service of process

1054. §210312 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

1055. §210313 — Annual report

1056. §220101 — Organization

1057. §220102 — Purposes

1058. §220103 — Membership

1059. §220104 — Governing body

1060. §220105 — Powers

1061. §220106 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

1062. §220107 — Assistance by Department of Defense

1063. §220108 — Restrictions

1064. §220109 — Duty to maintain corporate status

1065. §220110 — Principal office

1066. §220111 — Records and inspection

1067. §220112 — Service of process

1068. §220113 — Annual report

1069. §220114 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

1070. §220301 — Organization

1071. §220302 — Purposes

1072. §220303 — Membership

1073. §220304 — Governing body

1074. §220305 — Powers

1075. §220306 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, insignia, marks, and words

1076. §220307 — Tax exemption

1077. §220308 — Restrictions

1078. §220309 — Duty to maintain corporate status

1079. §220310 — Principal office

1080. §220311 — Records and inspection

1081. §220312 — Service of process

1082. §220313 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

1083. §220314 — Annual report and audit

1084. §220315 — Distribution of assets on dissolution or final liquidation

1085. §220501 — Short title and definitions

1086. §220502 — Organization

1087. §220503 — Purposes

1088. §220504 — Membership

1089. §220505 — Powers and duties

1090. §220506 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

1091. §220507 — Restrictions

1092. §220508 — Headquarters, principal office, and meetings

1093. §220509 — Resolution of disputes

1094. §220510 — Service of process

1095. §220511 — Reports and audits

1096. §220512 — Complete teams

1097. §220513 — Annual amateur athlete survey

1098. §220514 — Annual report on equal treatment of athletes

1099. §220514 — Section 2(a)(2)(A) of Pub. L. 117–340 , which directed that this section be added at the end of “subchapter I of title 36, United States Code”, was executed by adding this section at the end of subchapter I of this chapter, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

1100. §220521 — Certification of national governing bodies

1101. §220522 — Eligibility requirements

1102. §220523 — Authority of national governing bodies

1103. §220524 — General duties of national governing bodies

1104. §220525 — Granting sanctions for amateur athletic competitions

1105. §220526 — Restricted amateur athletic competitions

1106. §220527 — Complaints against national governing bodies

1107. §220528 — Applications to replace an incumbent national governing body

1108. §220529 — Arbitration of corporation determinations

1109. §220530 — Other amateur sports organizations

1110. § 220530A. Annual report on equal treatment of athletes

1111. §220531 — Grant to protect young athletes from abuse

1112. §220541 — Designation of United States Center for SafeSport

1113. §220542 — Additional duties

1114. §220543 — Records, audits, and reports

1115. §220543 — Section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(A)(ii), is classified to section 501(c) of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

1116. §220551 — Definitions

1117. §220552 — Dissolution of board of directors of corporation and termination of recognition of national governing bodies

1118. §220701 — Definition

1119. §220702 — Organization

1120. §220703 — Purposes

1121. §220704 — Membership

1122. §220705 — Governing body

1123. §220706 — Powers

1124. §220707 — Restrictions

1125. §220708 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

1126. §220709 — Records and inspection

1127. §220710 — Service of process

1128. §220711 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

1129. §220712 — Annual report

1130. §230101 — Organization

1131. §230102 — Purposes

1132. §230103 — Membership

1133. §230104 — Powers

1134. §230105 — Exclusive right to name, seal, emblems, and badges

1135. §230106 — Service of process

1136. §230107 — Annual report

1137. §230301 — Organization

1138. §230302 — Purposes

1139. §230303 — Membership

1140. §230304 — Governing body

1141. §230305 — Powers

1142. §230306 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

1143. §230307 — Restrictions

1144. §230308 — Principal office

1145. §230309 — Records and inspection

1146. §230310 — Service of process

1147. §230311 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

1148. §230312 — Annual report

1149. §230313 — Termination of existence and distribution of assets

1150. §230501 — Definition

1151. §230502 — Organization

1152. §230503 — Purposes

1153. §230504 — Membership

1154. §230505 — Governing body

1155. §230506 — Powers

1156. §230507 — Exclusive right to name, seals, emblems, and badges

1157. §230508 — Restrictions

1158. §230509 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

1159. §230510 — Records and inspection

1160. §230511 — Service of process

1161. §230512 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

1162. §230513 — Annual report

1163. §240101 — Definition

1164. §240102 — Organization

1165. §240103 — Purposes

1166. §240104 — Membership

1167. §240105 — Governing body

1168. §240106 — Powers

1169. §240107 — Restrictions

1170. §240108 — Duty to maintain tax-exempt status

1171. §240109 — Records and inspection

1172. §240110 — Service of process

1173. §240111 — Liability for acts of officers and agents

1174. §240112 — Annual report

1175. §300101 — Organization

1176. §300102 — Purposes

1177. §300103 — Membership and chapters

1178. §300104 — Board of governors

1179. §300105 — Powers

1180. §300106 — Emblem, badge, and brassard

1181. §300107 — Annual meeting

1182. §300108 — Buildings

1183. §300109 — Endowment fund

1184. §300110 — Annual report and audit

1185. §300111 — Authority of the Comptroller General of the United States

1186. §300112 — Office of the Ombudsman

1187. §300113 — Reservation of right to amend or repeal

Title 37

1. §101 — Definitions

2. §201 — Pay grades: assignment to; general rules

3. §202 — Pay grades: retired Coast Guard rear admirals (lower half)

4. §203 — Rates

5. §203 — Section 142(d) (as applicable to basic pay) of title 10 is omitted as superseded by footnote 1 of section 232(a) of existing title 37. The words “pay grades are prescribed” are omitted as covered by section 201 of this revised title. The words “rates of monthly basic pay . . . are” are substituted for the words “monthly basic pay . . . is established”. The words “according to cumulative years of service” are omitted as covered by the words “years of service computed under section 205” appearing in each table.

6. §204 — Entitlement

7. §205 — Computation: service creditable

8. §206 — Reserves; members of National Guard: inactive-duty training

9. § 206a. Pay of members of reserve components for inactive-duty training to obtain or maintain an aeronautical rating or designation

10. §207 — Band leaders

11. §209 — Members of precommissioning programs

12. §210 — Pay of senior enlisted members during terminal leave and while hospitalized

13. §211 — Participation in Thrift Savings Plan

14. §212 — Advancement of basic pay: members deployed in combat zone for more than one year

15. §301 — Incentive pay: hazardous duty

16. §301 — Section 1. The Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy, with respect to members of the uniformed services under their respective jurisdictions, are hereby designated and empowered to exercise, without approval, ratification, or other action by the President, the authority vested in the President by sections 301, 301a, and 301c of title 37, United States Code. The Secretaries shall consult each other in the exercise of such authority to ensure similar treatment for similarly situated members of the uniformed services unless the needs of their respective uniformed services require differing treatment.

17. § 301a. Incentive pay: aviation career

18. § 301b. Special pay: aviation career officers extending period of active duty

19. § 301c. Incentive pay: submarine duty

20. § 301d. Multiyear retention bonus: medical officers of the armed forces

21. § 301e. Multiyear retention bonus: dental officers of the armed forces

22. Section 302b(g) of this title , referred to in subsec. (b)(4), was redesignated section 302b(f) of this title by Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title VI, § 687(b)(6)(D) , Jan. 6, 2006 , 119 Stat. 3328 .

23. §302 — Special pay: medical officers of the armed forces

24. § 302a. Special pay: optometrists

25. § 302b. Special pay: dental officers of the armed forces

26. § 302c. Special pay: psychologists and nonphysician health care providers

27. § 302d. Special pay: accession bonus for registered nurses

28. § 302e. Special pay: nurse anesthetists

29. § 302f. Special pay: reserve, recalled, or retained health care officers

30. § 302g. Special pay: Selected Reserve health care professionals in critically short wartime specialties

31. § 302h. Special pay: accession bonus for dental officers

32. § 302i. Special pay: pharmacy officers

33. § 302j. Special pay: accession bonus for pharmacy officers

34. § 302k. Special pay: accession bonus for medical officers in critically short wartime specialties

35. § 302l. Special pay: accession bonus for dental specialist officers in critically short wartime specialties

36. §303 — Special pay: veterinarians

37. Section 225(e) of the Public Health Service Act, as that section was in effect before October 1, 1977 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(B), is section 225(e) of act July 1, 1944, ch. 373 , which was classified to section 234(e) of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 94–484, title IV, § 408(b)(1) , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2281 , effective Oct. 1, 1977 .

38. Section 752 of the Public Health Service Act, as that section was in effect between October 1, 1977 , and August 13, 1981 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(C), is section 752 of act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title VII , as added Pub. L. 94–484, title IV, § 408(b)(1) , Oct. 12, 1976 , 90 Stat. 2284 ; amended Pub. L. 95–626, title I, § 113(b) , Nov. 10, 1978 , 92 Stat. 3563 ; Pub. L. 96–76, title II, § 202(a) , (b), Sept. 29, 1979 , 93 Stat. 582 , which was classified to section 294u of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare. Section 752 was renumbered section 338B of act July 1, 1944 , and amended, by Pub. L. 97–35, title XXVII, § 2709(a) , (c), Aug. 13, 1981 , 95 Stat. 908 , 909. It was subsequently renumbered section 338C of act July 1, 1944 , and further amended, and is now classified to section 254m of Title 42 .

39. § 303a. Special pay: general provisions

40. § 303b. Waiver of board certification requirements

41. §304 — Special pay: diving duty

42. §305 — Special pay: hardship duty pay

43. § 305a. Special pay: career sea pay

44. § 305b. Special pay: service as member of Weapons of Mass Destruction Civil Support Team

45. §306 — Special pay: officers holding positions of unusual responsibility and of critical nature

46. § 306a. Special pay: members assigned to international military headquarters

47. §307 — Special pay: special duty assignment pay for enlisted members

48. § 307a. Special pay: assignment incentive pay

49. §308 — Special pay: reenlistment bonus

50. § 308b. Special pay: reenlistment bonus for members of the Selected Reserve

51. § 308c. Special pay: bonus for affiliation or enlistment in the Selected Reserve

52. § 308d. Special pay: members of the Selected Reserve assigned to certain high priority units

53. § 308g. Special pay: bonus for enlistment in elements of the Ready Reserve other than the Selected Reserve

54. § 308h. Special pay: bonus for reenlistment, enlistment, or voluntary extension of enlistment in elements of the Ready Reserve other than the Selected Reserve

55. § 308i. Special pay: prior service enlistment bonus

56. § 308j. Special pay: affiliation bonus for officers in the Selected Reserve

57. §309 — Special pay: enlistment bonus

58. §310 — Special pay: duty subject to hostile fire or imminent danger

59. §312 — Special pay: nuclear-qualified officers extending period of active service

60. § 312b. Special pay: nuclear career accession bonus

61. § 312c. Special pay: nuclear career annual incentive bonus

62. §314 — Special pay or bonus: qualified members extending duty at designated locations overseas

63. §315 — Special pay: engineering and scientific career continuation pay

64. §316 — Special pay: bonus for members with foreign language proficiency

65. § 316a. Special pay: incentive pay for members of precommissioning programs pursuing foreign language proficiency

66. §317 — Special pay: officers in critical acquisition positions extending period of active duty

67. §318 — Special pay: special warfare officers extending period of active duty

68. §319 — Special pay: surface warfare officer continuation pay

69. §320 — Incentive pay: career enlisted flyers

70. §321 — Section 470 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(B), was redesignated section 2770 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 116(b)(2) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4226 , and references to section 470 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

71. §321 — Special pay: judge advocate continuation pay

72. §324 — Special pay: accession bonus for new officers in critical skills

73. §325 — Incentive bonus: savings plan for education expenses and other contingencies

74. §326 — Incentive bonus: conversion to military occupational specialty to ease personnel shortage

75. §327 — Incentive bonus: transfer between armed forces

76. §329 — Incentive bonus: retired members and reserve component members volunteering for high-demand, low-density assignments

77. §330 — Special pay: accession bonus for officer candidates

78. §331 — General bonus authority for enlisted members

79. §332 — General bonus authority for officers

80. §333 — Special bonus and incentive pay authorities for nuclear officers

81. §334 — Special aviation incentive pay and bonus authorities for officers

82. § 334a. Special aviation incentive pay and bonus authorities: enlisted members who operate remotely piloted aircraft

83. §335 — Special bonus and incentive pay authorities for officers in health professions

84. §336 — Contracting bonus for cadets and midshipmen enrolled in the Senior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps

85. §351 — Hazardous duty pay

86. §352 — Assignment pay or special duty pay

87. §353 — Skill incentive pay or proficiency bonus

88. §354 — Special pay: 15-year career status bonus for members entering service on or after August 1, 1986

89. §355 — Special pay: retention incentives for members qualified in critical military skills or assigned to high priority units

90. §356 — Continuation pay: full TSP members with 7 to 12 years of service

91. §357 — Special and incentive pay authorities for members of the reserve components of the armed forces

92. §371 — Relationship to other incentives and pays

93. §372 — Continuation of pays during hospitalization and rehabilitation resulting from wounds, injury, or illness incurred while on duty in a hostile fire area or exposed to an event of hostile fire or other hostile action

94. §373 — Repayment of unearned portion of bonus, incentive pay, or similar benefit, and termination of remaining payments, when conditions of payment not met

95. §374 — Regulations

96. §401 — Definitions

97. §402 — Basic allowance for subsistence

98. § 402a. Supplemental subsistence allowance for low-income members with dependents

99. § 402b. Basic needs allowance for members on active service in the Armed Forces

100. §403 — Basic allowance for housing

101. § 403a. Housing treatment for certain members of the armed forces, and their spouses and other dependents, undergoing a permanent change of station within the United States

102. § 403b. Cost-of-living allowance in the continental United States

103. §405 — Travel and transportation allowances: per diem while on duty outside the continental United States

104. §413 — Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

105. §414 — Personal money allowance

106. §415 — Uniform allowance: officers; initial allowance

107. §416 — Uniform allowance: officers; additional allowances

108. §417 — Uniform allowance: officers; general provisions

109. §418 — Clothing allowance: enlisted members

110. §419 — Civilian clothing allowance

111. §420 — Allowances while participating in international sports

112. §420 — Section 717 of title 10 does not authorize the payment of allowances at higher rates than those provided for participation in military activities not covered by that section.

113. §421 — Allowances: no increase while dependent is entitled to basic pay

114. §422 — Cadets and midshipmen

115. §423 — Validity of allowance payments based on purported marriages

116. §424 — Band leaders

117. §425 — United States Navy Band; United States Marine Corps Band: allowances while on concert tour

118. §427 — Family separation allowance

119. §431 — Benefits for certain members assigned to the Defense Intelligence Agency

120. §433 — Allowance for muster duty

121. § 433a. Allowance for participation in Ready Reserve screening

122. §435 — Funeral honors duty: allowance

123. §436 — High-deployment allowance: lengthy or numerous deployments; frequent mobilizations

124. §437 — Allowance to cover monthly premiums for Servicemembers’ Group Life Insurance: members serving in a designated duty assignment

125. §438 — Preventive health services allowance

126. §439 — Special compensation: members of the uniformed services with catastrophic injuries or illnesses requiring assistance in everyday living

127. §451 — Definitions

128. §452 — Allowable travel and transportation: general authorities

129. §453 — Allowable travel and transportation: specific authorities

130. §454 — Travel and transportation: pilot programs

131. §455 — Appropriations for travel: may not be used for attendance at certain meetings

132. §456 — Managed travel program refunds

133. §461 — Relationship to other travel and transportation authorities

134. §462 — Travel and transportation allowances paid to members that are unauthorized or in excess of authorized amounts: requirement for repayment

135. §463 — Programs of compliance; electronic processing of travel claims

136. §464 — Regulations

137. §491 — Renumbered § 431]

138. §491 — Section 491 of this title , which related to benefits for certain members assigned to the Defense Intelligence Agency, was originally section 431 of this title and was transferred to chapter 8 of this title by Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title VI, § 631(d)(2) , Dec. 31, 2011 , 125 Stat. 1460 , and renumbered section 491 of this title by Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, § 1076(h)(2) , Jan. 2, 2013 , 126 Stat. 1955 . Section 491 was repealed by Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title VI, § 604(a) , Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat. 1767 . The section was revived to read as it did immediately before its repeal and renumbered section 431 of this title by Pub. L. 117–263, div. A, title VI, § 615(a) , Dec. 23, 2022 , 136 Stat. 2624 . The section was transferred to its original location in Chapter 7 of this title to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

139. §501 — Payments for unused accrued leave

140. §502 — Absences due to sickness, wounds, and certain other causes

141. §503 — Absence without leave or over leave

142. §504 — Cadets and midshipmen: chapter does not apply to

143. §551 — Definitions

144. §552 — Pay and allowances; continuance while in a missing status; limitations

145. §553 — Allotments; continuance, suspension, initiation, resumption, or increase while in a missing status; limitations

146. §555 — Secretarial review

147. §556 — Secretarial determinations

148. §557 — Settlement of accounts

149. §558 — Income tax deferment

150. §559 — Benefits for members held as captives

151. §559 — Section 802 of the Victims of Terrorism Compensation Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 802 of Pub. L. 99–399 , which is set out as a note under section 5569 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

152. §601 — Applicability

153. §602 — Payments: designation of person to receive amounts due

154. §603 — Regulations

155. §604 — Determination of Secretary final

156. §701 — Members of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Space Force; contract surgeons

157. §703 — Allotments: members of Coast Guard

158. §704 — Allotments: officers of Public Health Service

159. §706 — Allotments: commissioned officers of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

160. §707 — Allotments: members of the National Guard

161. §802 — Forfeiture of pay during absence from duty due to disease from intemperate use of alcohol or drugs

162. §803 — Commissioned officers of the Army, Air Force, or Space Force: forfeiture of pay when dropped from rolls

163. §901 — Wartime pay of officer of armed force exercising command higher than his grade

164. §902 — Pay of crews of wrecked or lost naval vessels

165. §903 — Retired members recalled to active duty; former members

166. §905 — Reserve officers of the Navy or Marine Corps not on the active-duty list: effective date of pay and allowances

167. §906 — Extension of enlistment: effect on pay and allowances

168. §907 — Enlisted members and warrant officers appointed as officers: pay and allowances stabilized

169. §908 — Reserves and retired members: acceptance of employment, payments, and awards from foreign governments

170. §909 — Special and incentive pay: payment at unreduced rates during suspension of personnel laws

171. §910 — Replacement of lost income: involuntarily mobilized reserve component members subject to extended and frequent active duty service

172. §1001 — Regulations relating to pay and allowances

173. §1002 — Additional training or duty without pay: Reserves and members of National Guard

174. §1003 — Assimilation of pay and allowances

175. §1004 — Computation of pay and allowances for month or part of month

176. §1005 — Army, Air Force, and Space Force: prompt payments required

177. §1006 — Advance payments

178. §1007 — Deductions from pay

179. §1008 — Presidential recommendations concerning adjustments and changes in pay and allowances

180. §1009 — Adjustments of monthly basic pay

181. §1010 — Commissioned officers: promotions; effective date for pay and allowances

182. §1011 — Mess operation: reimbursement of expenses

183. §1012 — Disbursement and accounting: pay of enlisted members of the National Guard

184. §1013 — Payment of compensation for victims of terrorism

185. §1014 — Payment date for pay and allowances

186. §1015 — Recordation of installment payment obligations for incentive pays and similar benefits

Title 38

1. §1984 — Suits on insurance

2. §4301 — Purposes; sense of Congress

3. §4311 — Discrimination against persons who serve in the uniformed services and acts of reprisal prohibited

4. §5103 — Notice to claimants of required information and evidence

5. §5108 — Supplemental claims

6. §5904 — Recognition of agents and attorneys generally

7. §7107 — Appeals: dockets; hearings

8. §7261 — Scope of review

9. §7266 — Notice of appeal

10. §7292 — Review by United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

Title 39

1. §101 — Postal policy

2. §102 — Definitions

3. §201 — United States Postal Service

4. §202 — Board of Governors

5. §203 — Postmaster General; Deputy Postmaster General

6. §204 — General Counsel; Judicial Officer; Chief Postal Inspector

7. §205 — Procedures of the Board of Governors

8. §206 — Advisory Council

9. §207 — Seal

10. §208 — Reservation of powers

11. §401 — General powers of the Postal Service

12. §402 — Delegation of authority

13. §403 — General duties

14. §404 — Specific powers

15. § 404a. Specific limitations

16. §405 — Printing of illustrations of United States postage stamps

17. §406 — Postal services at Armed Forces installations

18. §407 — International postal arrangements

19. §407 — Section 1. Definitions . (a) “Good” means any tangible and movable object that can be conveyed by the international postal system, excluding (i) written, drawn, printed, or digital information recorded on a tangible medium that is not an object of merchandise and (ii) money.

20. §408 — International money-order exchanges

21. §409 — Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, referred to in subsecs. (d)(2)(B) and (e)(1)(B)(ii), is classified to section 45 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

22. §409 — Suits by and against the Postal Service

23. §410 — Application of other laws

24. §410 — Section 107 of title 20 , known as the Randolph-Sheppard Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is section 1 of act June 20, 1936, ch. 638 , 49 Stat. 1559 . The act of June 20, 1936 , known as the Randolph-Sheppard Act and also popularly known as the Randolph-Sheppard Vending Stand Act, is classified generally to chapter 6A (§ 107 et seq.) of Title 20, Education. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title notes set out under section 107 of Title 20 and Tables.

25. §410 — Section 19 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 ( 29 U.S.C. 668 ), referred to in subsec. (b)(7), is section 19 of Pub. L. 91–596 , Dec. 29, 1970 , 84 Stat. 1609 , which enacted section 668 of Title 29 , Labor, and amended section 7902 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

26. §410 — Section 5532 of title 5 , referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title VI, § 651(a)(1) , Oct. 5, 1999 , 113 Stat. 664 .

27. §411 — Cooperation with other Government agencies

28. §412 — Nondisclosure of lists of names and addresses

29. §413 — Postal services at diplomatic posts

30. §414 — Special postage stamps

31. §415 — Prohibition on restriction or elimination of services

32. §416 — Authority to issue semipostals

33. §501 — Establishment

34. §502 — Commissioners

35. §503 — Rules; regulations; procedures

36. §504 — Administration

37. §504 — Section 101. The Commission is subject to Executive Order No. 11222 of May 8, 1965 [formerly set out as a note under section 201 of Title 18 , Crimes and Criminal Procedure], “Prescribing Standards of Ethical Conduct for Government Officers and Employees,” and Part 735 of the regulations of the Office of Personnel Management (5 CFR Part 735).

38. §505 — Officer of the Postal Regulatory Commission representing the general public

39. §601 — Letters carried out of the mail

40. §602 — Foreign letters out of the mails

41. §603 — Searches authorized

42. §604 — Seizing and detaining letters

43. §605 — Searching vessels for letters

44. §606 — Disposition of seized mail

45. §1001 — Appointment and status

46. §1002 — Political recommendations

47. §1003 — Employment policy

48. §1004 — Supervisory and other managerial organizations

49. §1005 — Applicability of laws relating to Federal employees

50. §1006 — Right of transfer

51. §1007 — Seniority for employees in rural service

52. §1008 — Temporary employees or carriers

53. §1009 — Personnel not to receive fees

54. §1010 — Administration of oaths related to postal inspection matters

55. §1011 — Oath of office

56. §1201 — Definition

57. §1202 — Bargaining units

58. §1203 — Recognition of labor organizations

59. §1204 — Elections

60. §1205 — Deductions of dues

61. §1206 — Collective-bargaining agreements

62. §1207 — Labor disputes

63. §1208 — Suits

64. §1209 — Applicability of Federal labor laws

65. §2001 — Definitions

66. §2002 — Capital of the Postal Service

67. §2002 — Section 1. The authority conferred upon the President by section 2002(d) of title 39 of the United States Code is hereby delegated to the Administrator of General Services subject to the provisions of this order.

68. §2003 — Section 2004, as in effect before the effective date of this subsection, referred to in subsec. (h), means section 2004 of this title , as in effect before Oct. 1, 1997 . Section 2004 was repealed by Pub. L. 105–33, title VII, § 7003(a)(1) , Aug. 5, 1997 , 111 Stat. 663 .

69. §2003 — The Postal Service Fund

70. §2005 — Obligations

71. §2006 — Relationship between the Treasury and the Postal Service

72. §2007 — Public debt character of the obligations of the Postal Service

73. §2008 — Audit and expenditures

74. §2009 — Annual budget

75. § 2009a. Budgetary treatment of the Postal Service Fund

76. Section 3(6) of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, referred to in par. (3), is classified to section 622(6) of Title 2 .

77. §2010 — Restrictions on agreements

78. §2011 — Provisions relating to competitive products

79. §2201 — No postal equipment or supplies manufactured by convict labor

80. §2401 — Appropriations

81. §2402 — Annual report

82. §2601 — Collection and adjustment of debts

83. §2602 — Transportation of international mail by air carriers of the United States

84. §2603 — Settlement of claims for damages caused by the Postal Service

85. §2604 — Delivery of stolen money to owner

86. §2605 — Suits to recover wrongful or fraudulent payments

87. §2801 — Definitions

88. §2802 — Strategic plans

89. §2803 — Performance plans

90. §2804 — Program performance reports

91. §2805 — Inherently Governmental functions

92. §2901 — Definitions

93. §2902 — Property management

94. §2903 — Use of funds from sale of property

95. §3001 — Nonmailable matter

96. §3001 — Section 1738 of title 18 , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 106–578, § 4 , Dec. 28, 2000 , 114 Stat. 3076 .

97. §3001 — Section 2 of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970, referred to in subsec. (f), is classified to section 1471 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

98. §3001 — Section 26 of the Animal Welfare Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 26 of Pub. L. 89–544 , which is classified to section 2156 of Title 7 , Agriculture.

99. §3002 — Nonmailable motor vehicle master keys

100. § 3002a. Nonmailability of locksmithing devices

101. §3003 — Mail bearing a fictitious name or address

102. §3004 — Delivery of mail to persons not residents of the place of address

103. §3005 — False representations; lotteries

104. §3007 — Detention of mail for temporary periods

105. §3008 — Prohibition of pandering advertisements

106. §3009 — Mailing of unordered merchandise

107. §3010 — Mailing of sexually oriented advertisements

108. §3011 — Judicial enforcement

109. §3012 — Civil penalties

110. §3013 — Semiannual reports on investigative activities of the Postal Service

111. §3014 — Nonmailable plants

112. §3015 — Nonmailable plant pests and injurious animals

113. §3016 — Administrative subpoenas

114. §3017 — Nonmailable skill contests or sweepstakes matter; notification to prohibit mailings

115. §3018 — Hazardous material

116. §3201 — Definitions

117. §3201 — Section 403 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, referred to in par. (6), is section 403 of Pub. L. 93–415 , which is classified to section 11292 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

118. §3202 — Penalty mail

119. §3203 — Endorsements on penalty covers

120. §3204 — Restrictions on use of penalty mail

121. §3205 — Accounting for penalty covers

122. §3206 — Reimbursement for penalty mail service

123. §3207 — Limit of weight of penalty mail; postage on overweight matter

124. §3208 — Shipment by most economical means

125. §3209 — Executive departments to supply information

126. §3210 — Franked mail transmitted by the Vice President, Members of Congress, and congressional officials

127. §3211 — Public documents

128. §3212 — Congressional Record under frank of Members of Congress

129. §3213 — Seeds and reports from Department of Agriculture

130. §3214 — Mailing privilege of former President; surviving spouse of former President

131. §3215 — Lending or permitting use of frank unlawful

132. §3216 — Reimbursement for franked mailings

133. §3217 — Correspondence of members of diplomatic corps and consuls of countries of Postal Union of Americas and Spain

134. §3218 — Franked mail for survivors of Members of Congress

135. §3219 — Mailgrams

136. §3220 — Section 201 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 201 of Pub. L. 93–415 , which enacted section 11111 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement, and amended section 5108 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

137. §3220 — Use of official mail in the location and recovery of missing children

138. §3401 — Mailing privileges of members of Armed Forces of the United States

139. §3401 — Section 1. Delegation of Functions . The function conferred upon the President by section 3401(a) of title 39 of the United States Code, of designating an area for free mailing privileges, is delegated to the Secretary of Defense.

140. §3403 — Matter for blind and other handicapped persons

141. §3404 — Unsealed letters sent by blind or physically handicapped persons

142. §3405 — Markings

143. §3406 — Balloting materials under the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act

144. §3621 — Applicability; definitions

145. §3622 — Modern rate regulation

146. §3626 — Reduced rates

147. §3626 — Section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), is classified to section 1001 of Title 20 , Education.

148. §3626 — Section 513 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsecs. (j)(1)(D)(I) and (m)(1)(B), is classified to section 513 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

149. §3627 — Adjusting free rates

150. §3629 — Reduced rates for voter registration purposes

151. §3631 — Applicability; definitions and updates

152. §3632 — Action of the Governors

153. §3633 — Provisions applicable to rates for competitive products

154. §3634 — Assumed Federal income tax on competitive products income

155. §3641 — Market tests of experimental products

156. §3641 — Section 3 of the Small Business Act, referred to in subsec. (h), is classified to section 632 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

157. §3642 — New products and transfers of products between the market-dominant and competitive categories of mail

158. §3651 — Annual reports by the Commission

159. §3652 — Annual reports to the Commission

160. §3653 — Annual determination of compliance

161. §3654 — Additional financial reporting

162. §3661 — Postal services

163. §3662 — Rate and service complaints

164. §3663 — Appellate review

165. §3664 — Enforcement of orders

166. §3681 — Reimbursement

167. §3682 — Size and weight limits

168. §3683 — Uniform rates for books; films; other materials

169. §3684 — Limitations

170. §3685 — Filing of information relating to periodical publications

171. §3686 — Bonus authority

172. §3691 — Establishment of modern service standards

173. §3692 — Performance targets and transparency

174. §3701 — Purpose

175. §3702 — Definitions

176. §3703 — Postal Service program for State governments

177. §3704 — Postal Service program for other Government agencies

178. §3705 — Transparency and accountability for nonpostal services

179. §5001 — Provisions for carrying mail

180. §5002 — Transportation of mail of adjoining countries through the United States

181. §5003 — Establishment of post roads

182. §5004 — Discontinuance of service on post roads

183. §5005 — Mail transportation

184. §5006 — Lien on compensation of contractor

185. §5007 — Free transportation of postal employees

186. §5401 — Authorization

187. §5402 — Contracts for transportation of mail by air

188. §5403 — Fines

189. §5601 — Sea post service

190. §5602 — Termination of contracts for foreign transportation

191. §5603 — Transportation of mail by vessel as freight or express

192. §5604 — Fines on ocean carriers

193. §5605 — Contracts for transportation of mail by vessel

Title 40

1. §101 — Purpose

2. §102 — Definitions

3. §111 — Application to division C (except sections 3302, 3501(b), 3509, 3906, 4710, and 4711) of subtitle I of title 41

4. §112 — Applicability of certain policies, procedures, and directives in effect on July 1, 1949

5. §113 — Limitations

6. §121 — Administrative

7. §121 — Sec. 2. Chair . The Committee shall be chaired by the Secretary or the designee of the Secretary.

8. §121 — Sec. 3. Working Groups . The Committee is authorized to establish interagency working groups to perform such tasks as may be directed by the Committee.

9. §121 — Sec. 4. Consultation . The Committee may consult with officials in other Federal Government entities, including the Administrative Office of the United States Courts and the United States Postal Service, to perform its responsibilities under this order, and, at the discretion of the Committee, officials from other Federal Government entities may participate in the interagency working groups.

10. §121 — Sec. 5. Duties and Responsibilities . The Committee shall:

11. §121 — Sec. 6. Agency Support and Cooperation . (a) To the extent permitted by law and subject to the availability of appropriations, the Secretary shall provide the Committee such administrative services, funds, facilities, staff, and other support services as may be necessary for the performance of its functions under this order.

12. §121 — Sec. 7. Administrative Provision . This order supersedes Executive Order 12977 of October 19, 1995 (Interagency Security Committee) [formerly set out above], which is hereby revoked. To the extent that this order is inconsistent with any provision of any previous Executive Order or Presidential Memorandum, this order shall control. All policies and standards implemented by the Interagency Security Committee that was established pursuant to Executive Order 12977 shall remain in effect until rescinded or replaced by the Committee established pursuant to this order.

13. §121 — Sec. 8. Definitions . For purposes of this order:

14. §121 — Sec. 9. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

15. §121 — Section 1. Establishment . There is hereby established the Interagency Security Committee (Committee). The Committee shall consist of:

16. §121 — Section 1. It is the policy of the executive branch in procuring goods and services that, to ensure the economical and efficient administration and completion of Federal Government contracts, contracting agencies shall not contract with employers that permanently replace lawfully striking employees. All discretion under this Executive order shall be exercised consistent with this policy.

17. §121 — Section 1. Policy . It is the policy of the United States to promote the efficient and economical use of America’s real property assets and to assure management accountability for implementing Federal real property management reforms. Based on this policy, executive branch departments and agencies shall recognize the importance of real property resources through increased management attention, the establishment of clear goals and objectives, improved policies and levels of accountability, and other appropriate action.

18. §122 — Prohibition on sex discrimination

19. §123 — Civil remedies for fraud

20. §124 — Agency use of amounts for property management

21. §125 — Library memberships

22. §126 — Reports to Congress

23. §301 — Establishment

24. §301 — Section 1. Establishment . There is established within the General Services Administration (GSA) the President’s Management Advisory Board (PMAB).

25. §302 — Administrator and Deputy Administrator

26. §303 — Federal Acquisition Service

27. §304 — Federal information centers

28. §305 — Electronic Government and information technologies

29. §311 — Personnel

30. §313 — Tests of materials

31. §321 — Acquisition Services Fund

32. §323 — Consumer Information Center Fund 1 1 So in original. Probably should be “Federal Citizen Services Fund”.

33. §501 — Services for executive agencies

34. §502 — Section 7013 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (c)(3)(C), is classified to section 7713 of Title 20 , Education.

35. §502 — Services for other entities

36. §503 — Exchange or sale of similar items

37. §504 — Agency cooperation for inspection

38. §505 — Exchange or transfer of medical supplies

39. §506 — Inventory controls and systems

40. §521 — Policies and methods

41. §522 — Reimbursement for transfer of excess property

42. §523 — Excess real property located on Indian reservations

43. §524 — Duties of executive agencies

44. §524 — Section 21 of the Federal Assets Sale and Transfer Act of 2016, referred to in subsec. (a)(12), is section 21 of Pub. L. 114–287 , which is set out in a note under section 1303 of this title .

45. §525 — Excess personal property for federal agency grantees

46. §526 — Temporary assignment of excess real property

47. §527 — Abandonment, destruction, or donation of property

48. §528 — Utilization of excess furniture

49. §529 — Annual executive agency reports on excess personal property

50. §530 — Internal guidance on excess personal property

51. §541 — Supervision and direction

52. §542 — Care and handling

53. §543 — Method of disposition

54. §544 — Validity of transfer instruments

55. §545 — Procedure for disposal

56. §545 — Section 6101(b)–(d) of title 41 does not apply to a disposal or contract for disposal made under this section.

57. §546 — Contractor inventories

58. §547 — Agricultural commodities, foods, and cotton or woolen goods

59. §548 — Surplus vessels

60. §549 — Donation of personal property through state agencies

61. §549 — Section 1. Protection of Educationally Useful Federal Equipment . (a) Educationally useful Federal equipment is a vital national resource. To the extent such equipment can be used as is, separated into parts for other computers, or upgraded—either by professional technicians, students, or other recycling efforts—educationally useful Federal equipment is a valuable tool for computer education. Therefore, to the extent possible, all executive departments and agencies (hereinafter referred to as “agencies”) shall protect and safeguard such equipment, particularly when declared excess or surplus, so that it may be recycled and transferred, if appropriate, pursuant to this order.

62. § 549a. Donation of personal property through nonprofit refurbishers

63. Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (g)(10), is classified to section 501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

64. §550 — Disposal of real property for certain purposes

65. §551 — Donations to American Red Cross

66. §552 — Abandoned or unclaimed property on Government premises

67. §553 — Property for correctional facility, law enforcement, and emergency management response purposes

68. §554 — Property for development or operation of a port facility

69. §555 — Donation of law enforcement canines to handlers

70. §556 — Disposal of dredge vessels

71. §557 — Donation of books to Free Public Library

72. §558 — Donation of forfeited vessels

73. §559 — Advice of Attorney General with respect to antitrust law

74. §571 — General rules for deposit and use of proceeds

75. §572 — Real property

76. §572 — Section 2687(e)(1) of title 10 , referred to in subsec. (b)(1)(A), was redesignated as section 2687(g)(1) by Pub. L. 112–239, div. B, title XXVII, § 2712(a)(1) , Jan. 2, 2013 , 126 Stat. 2144 .

77. §573 — Personal property

78. §574 — Other rules regarding proceeds

79. §581 — General authority of Administrator of General Services

80. §582 — Management of buildings by Administrator of General Services

81. §583 — Construction of buildings

82. §584 — Assignment and reassignment of space

83. §584 — Section 1. In order to make the Federal use of work space (including office space, warehouses and special purpose space, whether federally owned, leased or controlled) and related furnishings more effective in support of agency missions, minimize the acquisition of government resources, and reduce the administrative costs of the Federal government, the heads of all Federal Executive agencies shall:

84. §585 — Lease agreements

85. §586 — Charges for space and services

86. §587 — Telecommuting and other alternative workplace arrangements

87. §588 — Movement and supply of office furniture

88. §589 — Installation, repair, and replacement of sidewalks

89. §590 — Child care

90. §590 — Section 231 of the Crime Control Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (f)(2), is section 231 of Pub. L. 101–647 , which was classified to section 13041 of Title 42 , The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification as section 20351 of Title 34 , Crime Control and Law Enforcement.

91. §591 — Purchase of electricity

92. §591 — Section 2394 of title 10 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2)(A), was renumbered section 2922a of such title by Pub. L. 109–364, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2851(b)(2) , Oct. 17, 2006 , 120 Stat. 2494 .

93. §592 — Federal Buildings Fund

94. §592 — Section 5 of the Public Buildings Amendments of 1972, referred to in subsec. (c)(4)(A), is section 5 of Pub. L. 92–313 , June 16, 1972 , 86 Stat. 219 , which enacted section 602a of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, and was omitted from the Code in the revision and reenactment of this title by Pub. L. 107–217, § 1 , Aug. 21, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1062 .

95. §593 — Protection for veterans preference employees

96. §601 — Purposes

97. §601 — Section 1. Purpose and general policy . (a) The purpose of these regulations is to establish policies and procedures under which interagency motor-vehicle pools or systems may be established, operated, curtailed, or discontinued.

98. §602 — Authority to establish motor vehicle pools and transportation systems

99. §603 — Process for establishing motor vehicle pools and transportation systems

100. §604 — Treatment of assets taken over to establish motor vehicle pools and transportation systems

101. §605 — Payment of costs

102. §606 — Regulations related to operation

103. §607 — Records

104. §608 — Scrip, tokens, tickets

105. §609 — Identification of vehicles

106. §610 — Discontinuance of motor vehicle pool or system

107. §611 — Duty to report violations

108. §621 — Definitions

109. §622 — Collocation among United States Postal Service properties

110. §623 — Establishment of a Federal Real Property Council

111. §624 — Information on certain leasing authorities

112. §701 — Administrative

113. §702 — Return of foreign excess property to United States

114. §703 — Donation of medical supplies for use in foreign country

115. §704 — Other methods of disposal

116. §705 — Handling of proceeds from disposal

117. §901 — Purpose and policy

118. §902 — Definitions

119. §903 — Acquisition and use

120. §904 — Disposal

121. §905 — Waiver

122. §1101 — Policy

123. §1102 — Definitions

124. §1103 — Selection procedure

125. §1104 — Negotiation of contract

126. §1301 — Charge of property transferred to the Federal Government

127. §1302 — Lease of buildings

128. §1303 — Disposition of surplus real property

129. §1304 — Transfer of federal property to States

130. §1305 — Disposition of land acquired by devise

131. §1306 — Disposition of abandoned or forfeited personal property

132. §1307 — Disposition of securities

133. §1308 — Disposition of unfit horses and mules

134. §1309 — Preservation, sale, or collection of wrecked, abandoned, or derelict property

135. §1310 — Sale of war supplies, land, and buildings

136. §1311 — Authority of President to obtain release

137. §1312 — Release of real estate in certain cases

138. §1313 — Releasing property from attachment

139. §1314 — Easements

140. §1315 — Law enforcement authority of Secretary of Homeland Security for protection of public property

141. §3101 — Public buildings under control of Administrator of General Services

142. §3101 — SEC. 363. PROCEDURES IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS REGARDING A MISSING OR LOST CHILD.

143. §3102 — Naming or designating buildings

144. §3103 — Admission of guide dogs or other service animals accompanying individuals with disabilities

145. §3104 — Furniture for new buildings

146. §3105 — Buildings not to be draped in mourning

147. §3111 — Approval of sufficiency of title prior to acquisition

148. §3112 — Federal jurisdiction

149. §3113 — Acquisition by condemnation

150. §3114 — Declaration of taking

151. §3115 — Irrevocable commitment of Federal Government to pay ultimate award when fixed

152. §3116 — Interest as part of just compensation

153. §3117 — Exclusion of certain property by stipulation of Attorney General

154. §3118 — Right of taking as addition to existing rights

155. §3131 — Bonds of contractors of public buildings or works

156. §3132 — Alternatives to payment bonds provided by Federal Acquisition Regulation

157. §3133 — Rights of persons furnishing labor or material

158. §3134 — Waivers for certain contracts

159. §3141 — Definitions

160. §3142 — Rate of wages for laborers and mechanics

161. §3143 — Termination of work on failure to pay agreed wages

162. §3144 — Authority to pay wages and list contractors violating contracts

163. §3145 — Regulations governing contractors and subcontractors

164. §3145 — Section 1001 of title 18 applies to the statements.

165. §3146 — Effect on other federal laws

166. §3147 — Suspension of this subchapter during a national emergency

167. §3148 — Application of this subchapter to certain contracts

168. §3161 — Purpose

169. §3162 — Waiver for individuals who perform volunteer services

170. §3171 — Contract authority when appropriation is for less than full amount

171. §3172 — Extension of state workers’ compensation laws to buildings, works, and property of the Federal Government

172. §3173 — Working capital fund for General Services Administration

173. §3174 — Operation of public utility communications services serving governmental activities

174. §3175 — Acceptance of gifts of property

175. §3176 — Administrator of General Services to furnish services in continental United States to international bodies

176. §3177 — Use of photovoltaic energy in public buildings

177. §3301 — Definitions and nonapplication

178. §3302 — Prohibition on construction of buildings except by Administrator of General Services

179. §3303 — Continuing investigation and survey of public buildings

180. §3304 — Acquisition of buildings and sites

181. §3305 — Construction and alteration of buildings

182. §3306 — Accommodating federal agencies

183. §3306 — Section 1. Statement of Policy . Through the Administration’s community empowerment initiatives, the Federal Government has undertaken various efforts to revitalize our central cities, which have historically served as the centers for growth and commerce in our metropolitan areas. Accordingly, the Administration hereby reaffirms the commitment set forth in Executive Order No. 12072 to strengthen our Nation’s cities by encouraging the location of Federal facilities in our central cities. The Administration also reaffirms the commitments set forth in the National Historic Preservation Act to provide leadership in the preservation of historic resources, and in the Public Buildings Cooperative Use Act of 1976 to acquire and utilize space in suitable buildings of historic, architectural, or cultural significance.

184. §3307 — Congressional approval of proposed projects

185. §3307 — Section 11(b) of the Federal Assets Sale and Transfer Act of 2016, referred to in subsec. (b)(8), is section 11(b) of Pub. L. 114–287 , which is set out in a note under section 1303 of this title .

186. §3308 — Architectural or engineering services

187. §3309 — Buildings and sites in the District of Columbia

188. §3310 — Special rules for leased buildings

189. §3311 — State administration of criminal and health and safety laws

190. §3312 — Compliance with nationally recognized codes

191. §3312 — Section 1. Policy . It is the policy of the United States to strengthen the security and resilience of the Nation against the impacts of wildfire. The annual estimates on structure loss due to wildfire have increased dramatically over the past six decades as a result of multi-year drought conditions in combination with accumulated fuel loads, growing populations residing in the wildland-urban interface, and associated increases in the exposure of built environments. As such, we must continue to ensure our Nation is resilient to wildfire in order to promote public safety, economic strength, and national security.

192. §3313 — Procurement of life-cycle cost effective and energy efficient lighting systems

193. §3314 — Baby changing facilities in restrooms

194. §3315 — Delegation

195. §3316 — Report to Congress

196. §3317 — Certain authority not affected

197. §3318 — Lactation room in public buildings

198. §3319 — Interagency space coordination

199. §3501 — Definitions

200. §3502 — Planned public works

201. §3503 — Revolving fund

202. §3504 — Surveys of public works planning

203. §3505 — Forgiveness of outstanding advances

204. §3701 — Definition and application

205. §3702 — Work hours

206. §3703 — Report of violations and withholding of amounts for unpaid wages and liquidated damages

207. §3704 — Health and safety standards in building trades and construction industry

208. §3705 — Safety programs

209. §3706 — Limitations, variations, tolerances, and exemptions

210. §3707 — Contractor certification or contract clause in acquisition of commercial items not required

211. §3708 — Criminal penalties

212. §5101 — Definition

213. §5102 — Legal description and jurisdiction of United States Capitol Grounds

214. §5102 — Section 307E of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 1989, referred to in subsec. (c)(3), is section 307E of Pub. L. 100–458 , which was classified to section 216c of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, and was transferred to section 2146 of Title 2 , The Congress.

215. §5103 — Restrictions on public use of United States Capitol Grounds

216. §5104 — Unlawful activities

217. §5105 — Assistance to authorities by Capitol employees

218. §5106 — Suspension of prohibitions

219. §5107 — Concerts on grounds

220. §5108 — Audit of private organizations

221. §5109 — Penalties

222. §6101 — Definitions and application

223. §6102 — Regulations

224. §6111 — Supreme Court Building

225. §6112 — Supreme Court Building and grounds employees

226. §6113 — Duties of the Superintendent of the Supreme Court Building

227. §6114 — Oliver Wendell Holmes Garden

228. §6121 — General

229. §6122 — Designation of members of the Supreme Court Police

230. §6123 — Authority of Metropolitan Police of the District of Columbia

231. §6131 — Public travel in Supreme Court grounds

232. §6132 — Sale of articles, signs, and solicitation in Supreme Court Building and grounds

233. §6133 — Property in the Supreme Court Building and grounds

234. §6134 — Firearms, fireworks, speeches, and objectionable language in the Supreme Court Building and grounds

235. §6135 — Parades, assemblages, and display of flags in the Supreme Court Building and grounds

236. §6136 — Suspension of prohibitions against use of Supreme Court grounds

237. §6137 — Penalties

238. §6301 — Definition

239. §6302 — Public use of grounds

240. §6303 — Unlawful activities

241. §6304 — Additional regulations

242. §6305 — Suspension of regulations

243. §6306 — Policing of buildings and grounds

244. §6307 — Penalties

245. §6501 — Definition

246. §6502 — Thurgood Marshall Federal Judiciary Building

247. §6503 — Commission for the Judiciary Office Building

248. §6504 — Lease of building

249. §6505 — Structural and mechanical care and security

250. §6506 — Allocation of space

251. §6506 — Section 3(b)(1) of the Judiciary Office Building Development Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 3(b)(1) of Pub. L. 100–480 , Oct. 7, 1988 , 102 Stat. 2330 , which was classified to section 1202(b)(1) of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 107–217, § 6(b) , Aug. 21, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1304 .

252. §6507 — Account in Treasury

253. §6701 — Transfer of rights and authorities of Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation

254. §6702 — Section 5 of the Act was classified to section 874 of former Title 40 prior to repeal by Pub. L. 107–217 .

255. §6702 — Transfer and assignment of rights, title, and interests in property

256. §6711 — Definition

257. §6712 — Powers of other agencies and instrumentalities in the development area

258. §6713 — Certification of new construction

259. §6713 — Section 5(a) of the Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation Act of 1972, referred to in text, was classified to section 874(a) of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 107–217, § 6(b) , Aug. 21, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1304 .

260. §6714 — Relocation services

261. §6715 — Coordination with District of Columbia

262. §6716 — Reports

263. §6731 — Definitions

264. §6731 — Section 3(b) of the Federal Triangle Development Act, referred to in par. (2)(B), was classified to section 1102(b) of former Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 107–217, § 6(b) , Aug. 21, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1304 .

265. §6732 — Federal Triangle development area

266. §6733 — Federal Triangle property

267. §6734 — Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center

268. §6901 — Definition

269. §6902 — Assignment of right, title, and interest in the Union Station complex to the Secretary of Transportation

270. §6903 — Agreements and contracts

271. §6904 — Acquisition, maintenance, and use of property

272. §6905 — Service on board of directors of Union Station Redevelopment Corporation

273. §6906 — Union Station Fund

274. §6907 — Use of other appropriated amounts

275. §6908 — Parking facility

276. §6909 — Supplying steam or chilled water to Union Station complex

277. §6910 — Authorization of appropriations

278. §6921 — Establishment, composition, and meetings

279. §6922 — Duties

280. §6923 — Compensation and expenses

281. §6924 — Reports and recommendations

282. §8101 — Supervision of public buildings and grounds in District of Columbia not otherwise provided for by law

283. §8102 — Protection of Federal Government buildings in District of Columbia

284. §8103 — Application of District of Columbia laws to public buildings and grounds

285. §8104 — Regulation of private and semipublic buildings adjacent to public buildings and grounds

286. §8105 — Approval by Administrator of General Services

287. §8106 — Buildings on reservations, parks, or public grounds

288. §8107 — Advertisements and sales in or around Washington Monument

289. §8108 — Use of public buildings for public ceremonies

290. §8121 — Improper appropriation of streets

291. §8122 — Jurisdiction over portion of Constitution Avenue

292. §8123 — Record of transfer of jurisdiction between Director of National Park Service and Mayor of District of Columbia

293. §8124 — Transfer of jurisdiction between Federal and District of Columbia authorities

294. §8125 — Public spaces resulting from filling of canals

295. §8126 — Temporary occupancy of Potomac Park by Secretary of Agriculture

296. §8127 — Part of Washington Aqueduct for playground purposes

297. §8141 — Contract to rent buildings in the District of Columbia not to be made until appropriation enacted

298. §8142 — Rent of other buildings

299. §8143 — Heat

300. §8144 — Delivery of fuel for use during ensuing fiscal year

301. §8161 — Reservation of parking spaces for Members of Congress

302. §8162 — Ailanthus trees prohibited

303. §8163 — Use of greenhouses and nursery for trees, shrubs, and plants

304. §8164 — E. Barrett Prettyman United States Courthouse

305. §8165 — Services for Office of Personnel Management

306. §8301 — Definition

307. §8302 — Necessity for coordination in the development of the Washington metropolitan region

308. §8303 — Declaration of policy of coordinated development and management

309. §8304 — Priority projects

310. §8501 — National Capital Service Area

311. §8502 — National Capital Service Director

312. §8701 — Findings and purposes

313. §8702 — Definitions

314. §8711 — National Capital Planning Commission

315. §8712 — Mayor of the District of Columbia

316. §8721 — Comprehensive plan for the National Capital

317. §8722 — Proposed federal and district developments and projects

318. §8723 — Capital improvements

319. §8723 — Section 444 of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 444 of Pub. L. 93–198 , title IV, Dec. 24, 1973 , 87 Stat. 800 , which is not classified to the Code.

320. §8724 — Section 5 of the Act of June 20, 1938 , referred to in subsec. (a), is section 5 of act June 20, 1938, ch. 534 , 52 Stat. 798 , which is not classified to the Code.

321. §8724 — Zoning regulations and maps

322. §8725 — Recommendations on platting and subdividing land

323. §8726 — Authorization of appropriations

324. §8731 — Acquiring land for park, parkway, or playground purposes

325. §8731 — Section 1 of the Act of December 23, 1963 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 1 of Pub. L. 88–241 , Dec. 23, 1963 , 77 Stat. 478 , which enacted general and permanent laws relating to judiciary and judicial procedure in the District of Columbia, and which is not classified to the Code.

326. §8732 — Acquiring land subject to limited rights reserved to grantor and limited permanent rights in land adjoining park property

327. §8733 — Lease of land acquired for park, parkway, or playground purposes

328. §8734 — Sale of land by Mayor

329. §8735 — Sale of land by Secretary of the Interior

330. §8736 — Execution of deeds

331. §8737 — Authorization of appropriations

332. §8901 — Purposes

333. §8902 — Definitions and nonapplication

334. §8902 — Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a)(4), is classified to section 501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

335. §8903 — Congressional authorization of commemorative works

336. §8904 — National Capital Memorial Advisory Commission

337. §8905 — Site and design approval

338. §8906 — Criteria for issuance of construction permit

339. §8907 — Temporary site designation

340. §8908 — Areas I and II

341. §8909 — Administrative

342. §9101 — Establishment, composition, and vacancies

343. §9102 — Duties

344. §9103 — Personnel

345. §9104 — Authorization of appropriations

346. §9301 — Maintenance and administration

347. §9302 — Consent of Theodore Roosevelt Association required for development

348. §9303 — Access to Theodore Roosevelt Island

349. §9304 — Source of appropriations

350. §9501 — Chief of Engineers

351. §9502 — Authority of Chief of Engineers

352. §9503 — Record of property

353. §9504 — Reports

354. §9505 — Paying for main pipes

355. §9506 — Civil penalty

356. §9507 — Control of expenditures

357. §11101 — Definitions

358. §11101 — Section 1. Policy . It shall be the policy of the United States Government that each executive agency shall work diligently to prevent and combat computer software piracy in order to give effect to copyrights associated with computer software by observing the relevant provisions of international agreements in effect in the United States, including applicable provisions of the World Trade Organization Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and relevant provisions of Federal law, including the Copyright Act.

359. §11102 — Sense of Congress

360. §11103 — Applicability to national security systems

361. §11301 — Responsibility of Director

362. §11301 — Sec. 2. Policy . (a) It is the policy of the United States to promote the innovation and use of AI, where appropriate, to improve Government operations and services in a manner that fosters public trust, builds confidence in AI, protects our Nation’s values, and remains consistent with all applicable laws, including those related to privacy, civil rights, and civil liberties.

363. §11301 — Sec. 3. Principles for Use of AI in Government . When designing, developing, acquiring, and using AI in the Federal Government, agencies shall adhere to the following Principles:

364. §11301 — Sec. 4. Implementation of Principles . (a) Existing OMB policies currently address many aspects of information and information technology design, development, acquisition, and use that apply, but are not unique, to AI. To the extent they are consistent with the Principles set forth in this order and applicable law, these existing policies shall continue to apply to relevant aspects of AI use in Government.

365. §11301 — Sec. 5. Agency Inventory of AI Use Cases . (a) Within 60 days of the date of this order, the Federal Chief Information Officers Council (CIO Council), in coordination with other interagency bodies as it deems appropriate, shall identify,

366. §11301 — Section 1. Purpose . Artificial intelligence (AI) promises to drive the growth of the United States economy and improve the quality of life of all Americans. In alignment with Executive Order 13859 of February 11, 2019 (Maintaining American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence) [ 42 U.S.C. 6601 note], executive departments and agencies (agencies) have recognized the power of AI to improve their operations, processes, and procedures; meet strategic goals; reduce costs; enhance oversight of the use of taxpayer funds; increase efficiency and mission effectiveness; improve quality of services; improve safety; train workforces; and support decision making by the Federal workforce, among other positive developments. Given the broad applicability of AI, nearly every agency and those served by those agencies can benefit from the appropriate use of AI.

367. §11301 — Section 3 of this order establishes additional principles (Principles) for the use of AI in the Federal Government for purposes other than national security and defense, to similarly ensure that such uses are consistent with our Nation’s values and are beneficial to the public. This order further establishes a process for implementing these Principles through common policy guidance across agencies.

368. §11302 — Capital planning and investment control

369. §11302 — Section 2445c of title 10 , referred to in subsec. (c)(4)(C), was repealed by Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title VIII, § 846(1) , Dec. 23, 2016 , 130 Stat. 2292 .

370. §11302 — Section 3542 of title 44 , referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(C), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–283, § 2(a) , Dec. 18, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3073 . See section 3552 of Title 44 , Public Printing and Documents.

371. §11303 — Performance-based and results-based management

372. §11311 — Responsibilities

373. §11312 — Capital planning and investment control

374. §11313 — Performance and results-based management

375. §11314 — Authority to acquire and manage information technology

376. §11315 — Agency Chief Information Officer

377. §11315 — Section 1. Purpose . The Federal Government spends more than $90 billion annually on information technology (IT). The vast majority of this sum is consumed in maintaining legacy IT infrastructure that is often ineffective and more costly than modern technologies. Modern IT systems would enable agencies to reduce costs, mitigate cybersecurity risks, and deliver improved services to the American people. While the recently enacted Modernizing Government Technology Act [probably means subtitle G of title X of div. A of Pub. L. 115–91 , set out as a note under section 11301 of this title ] will provide needed financial resources to help transition agencies to more effective, efficient, and secure technologies, more can be done to improve management of IT resources. Department and agency (agency) Chief Information Officers (CIOs) generally do not have adequate visibility into, or control over, their agencies’ IT resources, resulting in duplication, waste, and poor service delivery. Enhancing the effectiveness of agency CIOs will better position agencies to modernize their IT systems, execute IT programs more efficiently, reduce cybersecurity risks, and serve the American people well.

378. §11316 — Accountability

379. §11317 — Significant deviations

380. §11318 — Interagency support

381. §11319 — Resources, planning, and portfolio management

382. §11331 — Responsibilities for Federal information systems standards

383. §11501 — Authority to conduct pilot program

384. §11501 — Section 11521 of this title , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was repealed by Pub. L. 107–347, title II, § 210(h)(1) , Dec. 17, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2938 . Section 210(h)(3)(A) of Pub. L. 107–347 directed the redesignation of section 11522 of this title as section 11521 of this title , but it could not be executed because of the repeal of section 11522 by Pub. L. 107–314, div. A, title VIII, § 825(b)(1) , Dec. 2, 2002 , 116 Stat. 2615 .

385. §11502 — Evaluation criteria and plans

386. §11503 — Report

387. §11504 — Recommended legislation

388. §11505 — Rule of construction

389. §11701 — Identification of excess and surplus computer equipment

390. §11702 — Index of certain information in information systems included in directory established under section 4101 of title 44

391. §11703 — Procurement procedures

392. §14101 — Findings and purposes

393. §14102 — Definitions

394. §14301 — Establishment, membership, and employees

395. §14302 — Decisions

396. §14303 — Functions

397. §14304 — Recommendations

398. §14305 — Liaison between Federal Government and Commission

399. §14306 — Administrative powers and expenses

400. §14307 — Meetings

401. §14308 — Information

402. §14309 — Personal financial interests

403. §14310 — Annual report

404. §14321 — Grants and other assistance

405. §14322 — Approval of development plans, strategy statements, and projects

406. §14323 — Congressional notification

407. §14501 — Appalachian development highway system

408. §14502 — Demonstration health projects

409. §14503 — Assistance for proposed low- and middle-income housing projects

410. §14504 — Telecommunications and technology initiative

411. §14505 — Entrepreneurship initiative

412. §14506 — Regional skills partnerships

413. §14507 — Supplements to federal grant programs

414. §14508 — Economic and energy development initiative

415. §14509 — High-speed broadband deployment initiative

416. §14510 — Drug abuse mitigation initiative

417. §14511 — Appalachian regional energy hub initiative

418. §14521 — Required level of expenditure

419. §14522 — Consent of States

420. §14523 — Program implementation

421. §14524 — Program development criteria

422. §14525 — State development planning process

423. §14526 — Distressed, at-risk, and economically strong counties

424. §14701 — Applicable labor standards

425. §14702 — Nondiscrimination

426. §14703 — Authorization of appropriations

427. §14704 — Termination

428. §15101 — Definitions

429. §15101 — Section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act ( 25 U.S.C. 450b ), referred to in par. (4), was classified to section 450b of Title 25 , Indians, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as section 5304 of Title 25 .

430. §15101 — Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in par. (5), is classified to section 501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

431. §15301 — Establishment, membership, and employees

432. §15302 — Decisions

433. §15303 — Functions

434. §15304 — Administrative powers and expenses

435. §15305 — Meetings

436. §15306 — Personal financial interests

437. §15307 — Tribal participation

438. §15308 — Transfer of funds among Federal agencies

439. §15309 — Annual report

440. §15501 — Economic and infrastructure development grants

441. §15502 — Comprehensive economic and infrastructure development plans

442. §15503 — Approval of applications for assistance

443. §15504 — Program development criteria

444. §15505 — Local development districts and organizations

445. §15506 — Section 15501(d), relating to limitations on Commission contributions, shall apply to a program, project, or activity receiving assistance under this section.

446. §15506 — Supplements to Federal grant programs

447. §15507 — Payment of non-Federal share for certain Federal grant programs

448. §15701 — Consent of States

449. §15702 — Distressed counties and areas

450. §15703 — Counties eligible for assistance in more than one region

451. §15704 — Inspector General; records

452. §15705 — Biannual meetings of representatives of all Commissions

453. §15731 — Southeast Crescent Regional Commission

454. §15732 — Southwest Border Regional Commission

455. §15733 — Northern Border Regional Commission

456. §15734 — Great Lakes Authority

457. §15735 — Mid-Atlantic Regional Commission.

458. §15736 — Southern New England Regional Commission

459. §15751 — Authorization of appropriations

460. §15901 — State capacity building grant program

461. §15902 — Demonstration health projects

462. §15902 — Section 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (e)(2)(C), is classified to section 501 of Title 26 , Internal Revenue Code.

463. §17101 — Definitions

464. §17102 — Prohibition on acquisition or purchase of motor vehicles by Federal Government

465. §17103 — Commercial standards for passenger safety devices

466. §17301 — Definitions

467. §17302 — Compliance

468. §17303 — Fund for the payment of Government losses in shipment

469. §17304 — Claim for replacement

470. §17305 — Replacing lost, destroyed, or damaged stamps, securities, obligations, or money

471. §17306 — Agreements of indemnity

472. §17307 — Purchase of insurance

473. §17308 — Presumption of lawful conduct

474. §17309 — Rules and regulations

475. §17501 — Definitions

476. §17502 — Monitoring system

477. §17503 — Data collection

478. §17504 — Agency statements with respect to motor vehicle use

479. §17505 — Presidential report

480. §17506 — Reduction of storage and disposal costs

481. §17507 — Savings

482. §17508 — Compliance

483. §17509 — Applicability

484. §17510 — Cooperation

485. §17701 — Definitions

486. §17702 — Transfer of Government-owned long-lines communication facilities in and to Alaska

487. §17703 — National defense considerations and qualification of transferee

488. §17704 — Contents of agreements for transfer

489. §17705 — Approval of Federal Communications Commission

490. §17706 — Gross proceeds as miscellaneous receipts in the Treasury

491. §17707 — Reports

492. §17708 — Nonapplication

493. §17901 — Definitions

494. §17902 — Sale of electric energy

495. §17903 — Purchase of electric power

496. §17904 — Implementation powers and limitations

497. §18101 — Definitions

498. §18102 — Federal telecommunications system

499. §18103 — Research and development

500. §18104 — TTY installation by Congress

501. §18301 — Findings and purposes

502. §18302 — Definitions

503. §18303 — Standards for arbitrators

504. §18304 — Procedures for enforcement of awards

Title 41

1. §101 — Administrator

2. §102 — Commercial component

3. §103 — Commercial product

4. § 103a. Commercial service

5. §104 — Commercially available off-the-shelf item

6. §105 — Component

7. §106 — Federal Acquisition Regulation

8. §107 — Full and open competition

9. §108 — Item and item of supply

10. §109 — Major system

11. §110 — Nondevelopmental item

12. §111 — Procurement

13. §112 — Procurement system

14. §113 — Responsible source

15. §114 — Standards

16. §115 — Supplies

17. §116 — Technical data

18. §131 — Acquisition

19. §132 — Competitive procedures

20. §133 — Executive agency

21. §134 — Simplified acquisition threshold

22. §151 — Agency head

23. §152 — Competitive procedures

24. §153 — Simplified acquisition threshold for contract in support of humanitarian or peacekeeping operation

25. §1101 — Office of Federal Procurement Policy

26. §1102 — Administrator

27. §1121 — General authority

28. §1122 — Functions

29. §1122 — Section 31(b) of the Small Business Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(11), (12), is classified to section 657a(b) of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

30. §1123 — Small business concerns

31. §1124 — Tests of innovative procurement methods and procedures

32. §1125 — Recipients of Federal grants or assistance

33. §1126 — Policy regarding consideration of contractor past performance

34. §1127 — Determining benchmark compensation amount

35. §1128 — Maintaining necessary capability with respect to acquisition of architectural and engineering services

36. §1129 — Center of excellence in contracting for services

37. §1130 — Effect of division on other law

38. §1131 — Annual report

39. §1201 — Federal Acquisition Institute

40. §1301 — Definition

41. §1302 — Establishment and membership

42. §1303 — Functions and authority

43. §1304 — Contract clauses and certifications

44. §1311 — Establishment and membership

45. §1312 — Functions

46. §1321 — Definitions

47. §1322 — Federal Acquisition Security Council establishment and membership

48. §1322 — Title II of Pub. L. 115–390 effective 90 days after Dec. 21, 2018 , see section 205 of Pub. L. 115–390 , set out as a note under section 1321 of this title .

49. §1323 — Functions and authorities

50. §1323 — Title II of Pub. L. 115–390 effective 90 days after Dec. 21, 2018 , see section 205 of Pub. L. 115–390 , set out as a note under section 1321 of this title .

51. §1324 — Strategic plan

52. §1324 — Title II of Pub. L. 115–390 effective 90 days after Dec. 21, 2018 , see section 205 of Pub. L. 115–390 , set out as a note under section 1321 of this title .

53. §1325 — Annual report

54. §1325 — Title II of Pub. L. 115–390 effective 90 days after Dec. 21, 2018 , see section 205 of Pub. L. 115–390 , set out as a note under section 1321 of this title .

55. §1326 — Requirements for executive agencies

56. §1326 — Title II of Pub. L. 115–390 effective 90 days after Dec. 21, 2018 , see section 205 of Pub. L. 115–390 , set out as a note under section 1321 of this title .

57. §1327 — Judicial review procedures

58. §1327 — Title II of Pub. L. 115–390 effective 90 days after Dec. 21, 2018 , see section 205 of Pub. L. 115–390 , set out as a note under section 1321 of this title .

59. §1328 — Termination

60. §1328 — Title II of Pub. L. 115–390 effective 90 days after Dec. 21, 2018 , see section 205 of Pub. L. 115–390 , set out as a note under section 1321 of this title .

61. §1501 — Cost Accounting Standards Board

62. §1502 — Cost accounting standards

63. §1503 — Contract price adjustment

64. §1504 — Effect on other standards and regulations

65. §1504 — Section 719 of the Defense Production Act of 1950, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 719 of act Sept. 8, 1950, ch. 932, title VII , as added Pub. L. 91–379, title I, § 103 , Aug. 15, 1970 , 84 Stat. 796 , which was classified to section 2168 of the former Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 100–679, § 5(b) , Nov. 17, 1988 , 102 Stat. 4063 .

66. §1505 — Examinations

67. §1506 — Authorization of appropriations

68. §1701 — Cooperation with the Administrator

69. §1701 — Section 1. To make procurement more effective in support of mission accomplishment and consistent with recommendations of the National Performance Review, heads of executive agencies engaged in the procurement of supplies and services shall:

70. §1702 — Chief Acquisition Officers and senior procurement executives

71. §1703 — Acquisition workforce

72. §1703 — Section 5051(c) of the Federal Acquisition Streamlining Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A), is section 5051(c) of Pub. L. 103–305 , which is set out as a note under this section.

73. §1704 — Planning and policy-making for acquisition workforce

74. §1705 — Advocates for competition

75. §1706 — Personnel evaluation

76. §1707 — Publication of proposed regulations

77. §1708 — Procurement notice

78. §1709 — Contracting functions performed by Federal personnel

79. §1710 — Public-private competition required before conversion to contractor performance

80. §1711 — Value engineering

81. §1712 — Record requirements

82. §1713 — Procurement data

83. §1713 — Section 204 of the Women’s Business Ownership Act of 1988, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is section 204 of Pub. L. 100–533 , which is set out as a note under section 637 of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

84. §1713 — Section 31(b) of the Small Business Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is classified to section 657a(b) of Title 15 , Commerce and Trade.

85. §1901 — Section 31(e) of the Office of Federal Procurement Policy Act ( 41 U.S.C. 427(e) ) is omitted as obsolete.

86. §1901 — Simplified acquisition procedures

87. §1902 — Procedures applicable to purchases below micro-purchase threshold

88. §1903 — Special emergency procurement authority

89. §1904 — Certain transactions for defense against attack

90. §1904 — Section 2371 of title 10 , referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was renumbered section 4021 of title 10 by Pub. L. 116–283, § 1841(b)(1) , as amended by Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(u)(2)(B) , Dec. 27, 2021 , 135 Stat. 2151 .

91. §1904 — Section 2371(h) of title 10 , referred to in subsec. (c), was repealed by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title X, § 1071(f)(20) , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3511 .

92. §1904 — Section 845 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 ( Public Law 103–160 , 10 U.S.C. 2371 note), referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title VIII, § 815(c) , Nov. 25, 2015 , 129 Stat. 896 .

93. §1905 — List of laws inapplicable to contracts or subcontracts not greater than simplified acquisition threshold

94. §1906 — List of laws inapplicable to procurements of commercial products and commercial services

95. §1907 — List of laws inapplicable to procurements of commercially available off-the-shelf items

96. §1908 — Inflation adjustment of acquisition-related dollar thresholds

97. §1909 — Management of purchase cards

98. §2101 — Definitions

99. §2102 — Prohibitions on disclosing and obtaining procurement information

100. §2103 — Actions required of procurement officers when contacted regarding non-Federal employment

101. §2104 — Prohibition on former official’s acceptance of compensation from contractor

102. §2105 — Penalties and administrative actions

103. §2106 — Reporting information believed to constitute evidence of offense

104. §2107 — Savings provisions

105. §2301 — Use of electronic commerce in Federal procurement

106. §2302 — Rights in technical data

107. §2303 — Ethics safeguards related to contractor conflicts of interest

108. §2304 — Conflict of interest standards for consultants

109. §2305 — Authority of Director of Office of Management and Budget not affected

110. §2306 — Openness of meetings

111. §2307 — Comptroller General’s access to information

112. §2308 — Modular contracting for information technology

113. §2309 — Protection of constitutional rights of contractors

114. §2310 — Performance-based contracts or task orders for services to be treated as contracts for the procurement of commercial items

115. §2311 — Enhanced transparency on interagency contracting and other transactions

116. §2312 — Contingency Contracting Corps

117. §2313 — Database for Federal agency contract and grant officers and suspension and debarment officials

118. §2313 — Section 1704(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013, referred to in subsec. (c)(1)(E)(ii), is section 1704(b) of Pub. L. 112–239 , which is classified to section 7104b(b) of Title 22 , Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

119. §3101 — Applicability

120. §3101 — Section 1. Policy . More than 20 million men, women, and children throughout the world are victims of severe forms of trafficking in persons (“trafficking” or “trafficking in persons”)—defined in section 103 of the TVPA, 22 U.S.C. 7102(8) [now 7102(11)], to include sex trafficking in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such act has not attained 18 years of age, or the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor or services, through the use of force, fraud, or coercion, for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery.

121. §3101 — Section 1. Policy . The purpose of this order is to strengthen the economy and to improve the efficiency of the Federal procurement system by encouraging business development that expands the industrial base and increases competition.

122. §3101 — Section 1. Revocation . Executive Order 13673 of July 31, 2014 , section 3 of Executive Order 13683 of December 11, 2014 , and Executive Order 13738 of August 23, 2016 , are revoked.

123. §3102 — Delegation and assignment of powers, functions, and responsibilities

124. §3103 — Acquisition programs

125. §3104 — Small business concerns

126. §3105 — New contracts and grants and merit-based selection procedures

127. §3106 — Erection, repair, or furnishing of public buildings and improvements not authorized, and certain contracts not permitted, by this division

128. §3301 — Full and open competition

129. §3301 — Section 204 of title 23 , referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was repealed and a new section 204 enacted by Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, § 1119(a) , July 6, 2012 , 126 Stat. 473 , 489.

130. §3302 — Requirements for purchase of property and services pursuant to multiple award contracts

131. §3303 — Exclusion of particular source or restriction of solicitation to small business concerns

132. §3304 — Use of noncompetitive procedures

133. §3305 — Simplified procedures for small purchases

134. §3306 — Planning and solicitation requirements

135. §3307 — Preference for commercial products and commercial services

136. §3308 — Planning for future competition in contracts for major systems

137. §3309 — Design-build selection procedures

138. §3310 — Quantities to order

139. §3311 — Qualification requirement

140. §3312 — Database on price trends of items and services under Federal contracts

141. §3312 — Section 892 of the Ike Skelton National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2011, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is section 892 of Pub. L. 111–383 , which was formerly set out as a note under section 2306a of Title 10 , Armed Forces, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title X, § 1073(f) , Nov. 25, 2015 , 129 Stat. 996 .

142. §3501 — General

143. §3502 — Required cost or pricing data and certification

144. §3503 — Exceptions

145. §3504 — Cost or pricing data on below-threshold contracts

146. §3505 — Submission of other information

147. §3506 — Price reductions for defective cost or pricing data

148. §3507 — Interest and penalties for certain overpayments

149. §3508 — Right to examine contractor records

150. §3509 — Notification of violations of Federal criminal law or overpayments

151. §3701 — Basis of award and rejection

152. §3701 — Section 1. Heads of executive departments and agencies (“agencies”) engaged in the procurement of supplies and services shall prescribe administrative procedures for the resolution of protests to the award of their procurement contracts as an alternative to protests in fora outside the procuring agencies. Procedures prescribed pursuant to this order shall:

153. §3702 — Sealed bids

154. §3703 — Competitive proposals

155. §3704 — Post-award debriefings

156. §3705 — Pre-award debriefings

157. §3706 — Encouragement of alternative dispute resolution

158. §3707 — Antitrust violations

159. §3708 — Protests

160. §3901 — Contracts awarded using procedures other than sealed-bid procedures

161. §3902 — Severable services contracts for periods crossing fiscal years

162. §3903 — Multiyear contracts

163. §3904 — Contract authority for severable services contracts and multiyear contracts

164. §3905 — Cost contracts

165. §3906 — Cost-reimbursement contracts

166. §4101 — Definitions

167. §4102 — Authorities or responsibilities not affected

168. §4103 — General authority

169. §4104 — Guidance on use of task and delivery order contracts

170. §4105 — Advisory and assistance services

171. §4106 — Orders

172. §4301 — Definitions

173. §4302 — Adjustment of threshold amount of covered contract

174. §4303 — Effect of submission of unallowable costs

175. §4304 — Section 1. To promote economy and efficiency in Government contracting, certain costs that are not directly related to the contractors’ provision of goods and services to the Government shall be unallowable for payment, thereby directly reducing Government expenditures. This order is also consistent with the policy of the United States to remain impartial concerning any labor-management dispute involving Government contractors. This order does not restrict the manner in which recipients of Federal funds may expend those funds.

176. §4304 — Specific costs not allowable

177. §4305 — Required regulations

178. §4306 — Applicability of regulations to subcontractors

179. §4307 — Contractor certification

180. §4308 — Penalties for submission of cost known to be unallowable

181. §4309 — Burden of proof on contractor

182. §4310 — Proceeding costs not allowable

183. §4501 — Authority of executive agency

184. §4502 — Payment

185. §4503 — Security for advance payments

186. §4504 — Conditions for progress payments

187. §4505 — Payments for commercial products and commercial services

188. §4506 — Action in case of fraud

189. §4701 — Determinations and decisions

190. §4702 — Prohibition on release of contractor proposals

191. §4703 — Validation of proprietary data restrictions

192. §4704 — Prohibition of contractors limiting subcontractor sales directly to Federal Government

193. §4705 — Protection of contractor employees from reprisal for disclosure of certain information

194. §4705 — Section 4712 of this title , referred to in subsec. (f), formerly referred to a pilot program in the section catchline and contained a subsec. (i) which provided that section 4712 would be in effect for a specified four-year period. The section catchline was amended and subsec. (i) was struck out by Pub. L. 114–261, § 1(a)(3)(A) , Dec. 14, 2016 , 130 Stat. 1362 .

195. §4706 — Examination of facilities and records of contractor

196. §4707 — Remission of liquidated damages

197. §4708 — Payment of reimbursable indirect costs in cost-type research and development contracts with educational institutions

198. §4709 — Implementation of electronic commerce capability

199. §4710 — Limitations on tiering of subcontractors

200. §4711 — Linking of award and incentive fees to acquisition outcomes

201. §4712 — Enhancement of contractor protection from reprisal for disclosure of certain information

202. §4713 — Authorities relating to mitigating supply chain risks in the procurement of covered articles

203. §4713 — Section 3101(c)(1), referred to in subsec. (k)(7), probably means section 3101(c)(1) of this title , which excepts the Department of Defense, the Coast Guard, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration from applicability of the Procurement procedures and regulations of the Administrator of General Services.

204. §4713 — Title II of Pub. L. 115–390 effective 90 days after Dec. 21, 2018 , see section 205 of Pub. L. 115–390 , set out as a note under section 1321 of this title .

205. §4714 — Prohibition on criminal history inquiries by contractors prior to conditional offer

206. §6101 — Advertising requirement for Federal Government purchases and sales

207. §6102 — Exceptions from advertising requirement

208. §6102 — Section 6101 of this title does not apply to a procurement made against an order placed under a task order contract or a delivery order contract (as such terms are defined in section 4101 of this title ) entered into by the Librarian of Congress.

209. §6102 — Section 6101 of this title does not apply to agreements, contracts or purchases by any office of the Senate.

210. §6102 — Section 6101 of this title does not apply to purchases and contracts for supplies or services for any office of the House of Representatives.

211. §6102 — Section 6101 of this title does not apply to the American Battle Monuments Commission with respect to leases in foreign countries for office or garage space.

212. §6102 — Section 6101 of this title does not apply to the Bureau of Interparliamentary Union for Promotion of International Arbitration with respect to necessary stenographic reporting services by contract.

213. §6102 — Section 6101 of this title does not apply to the Department of State when the purchase or service relates to the packing of personal and household effects of Diplomatic, Consular, and Foreign Service officers and clerks for foreign shipment.

214. §6102 — Section 6101 of this title does not apply to the International Committee of Aerial Legal Experts with respect to necessary stenographic and other services by contract.

215. §6103 — Opening of bids

216. §6301 — Authorization requirement

217. §6302 — Contracts for fuel made by Secretary of the Army

218. §6303 — Certain contracts limited to appropriated amounts

219. §6304 — Certain contracts limited to one-year term

220. §6305 — Prohibition on transfer of contract and certain allowable assignments

221. §6305 — Section 2451 of the Federal Acquisition Streamlining Act of 1994, Public Law 103–355 ([amending former] 41 U.S.C. 15 [see 41 U.S.C. 6305 ]) (“Act”), provides, in part, that “[a]ny contract of the Department of Defense, the General Services Administration, the Department of Energy or any other department or agency of the United States designated by the President, except [contracts where] . . . full payment has been made, may, upon a determination of need by the President, provide or be amended without consideration to provide that payments to be made to the assignee of any moneys due or to become due under [the] contract shall not be subject to reduction or set-off.”

222. §6306 — Prohibition on Members of Congress making contracts with Federal Government

223. §6307 — Contracts with Federal Government-owned establishments and availability of appropriations

224. §6308 — Contracts for transportation of Federal Government securities

225. §6309 — Honorable discharge certificate in lieu of birth certificate

226. §6310 — Requirement for agencies to buy domestically made United States flags

227. §6501 — Definitions

228. §6502 — Required contract terms

229. §6503 — Breach or violation of required contract terms

230. §6504 — Three-year prohibition on new contracts in case of breach or violation

231. §6505 — Exclusions

232. §6506 — Administrative provisions

233. §6507 — Hearing authority and procedures

234. §6508 — Authority to make exceptions

235. §6509 — Other procedures

236. §6510 — Manufacturers and regular dealers

237. §6511 — Effect on other law

238. §6701 — Definitions

239. §6702 — Contracts to which this chapter applies

240. §6703 — Required contract terms

241. §6703 — Sec. 10. Severability . If any provision of this order, or the application of any provision of this order to any person or circumstance, is held to be invalid, the remainder of this order and its application to any other person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby.

242. §6703 — Sec. 11. Effective Date . This order shall become effective immediately and shall apply to solicitations issued on or after the effective date of the final regulations issued by the FAR Council under section 7 of this order. For solicitations issued between the date of this order and the date of the action taken by the FAR Council under section 7 of this order, or solicitations that have already been issued and are outstanding as of the date of this order, agencies are strongly encouraged, to the extent permitted by law, to include in the relevant solicitation the contract clause described in section 3 of this order.

243. §6703 — Sec. 12. General Provisions . (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

244. §6703 — Sec. 2. Definitions .

245. §6703 — Sec. 3. Nondisplacement of Qualified Workers . (a) Each agency shall, to the extent permitted by law, ensure that service contracts and subcontracts that succeed a contract for performance of the same or similar work, and solicitations for such contracts and subcontracts, include the following clause: “Nondisplacement of Qualified Workers: (a) The contractor and its subcontractors shall, except as otherwise provided herein, in good faith offer service employees (as defined in the Service Contract Act of 1965, as amended, 41 U.S.C. 6701(3) ) employed under the predecessor contract and its subcontracts whose employment would be terminated as a result of the award of this contract or the expiration of the contract under which the employees were hired, a right of first refusal of employment under this contract in positions for which those employees are qualified. The contractor and its subcontractors shall determine the number of employees necessary for efficient performance of this contract and may elect to employ more or fewer employees than the predecessor contractor employed in connection with performance of the work solely on the basis of that determination. Except as provided in paragraph (b), there shall be no employment opening under this contract or subcontract, and the contractor and any subcontractors shall not offer employment under this contract to any person prior to having complied fully with the obligations described in this clause. The contractor and its subcontractors shall make an express offer of employment to each employee as provided herein and shall state the time within which the employee must accept such offer, but in no case shall the period within which the employee must accept the offer of employment be less than 10 business days. “(b) Notwithstanding the obligation under paragraph (a) above, the contractor and any subcontractors (1) are not required to offer a right of first refusal to any employee(s) of the predecessor contractor who are not service employees within the meaning of the Service Contract Act of 1965, as amended, 41 U.S.C. 6701(3) , and (2) are not required to offer a right of first refusal to any employee(s) of the predecessor contractor for whom the contractor or any of its subcontractors reasonably believes, based on reliable evidence of the particular employees’ past performance, that there would be just cause to discharge the employee(s) if employed by the contractor or any subcontractors. “(c) The contractor shall, not less than 10 business days before the earlier of the completion of this contract or of its work on this contract, furnish the Contracting Officer a certified list of the names of all service employees working under this contract and its subcontracts during the last month of contract performance. The list shall also contain anniversary dates of employment of each service employee under this contract and its predecessor contracts either with the current or predecessor contractors or their subcontractors. The Contracting Officer shall provide the list to the successor contractor, and the list shall be provided on request to employees or their representatives, consistent with the Privacy Act, 5 U.S.C. 552a , and other applicable law. “(d) If it is determined, pursuant to regulations issued by the Secretary of Labor (Secretary), that the contractor or its subcontractors are not in compliance with the requirements of this clause or any regulation or order of the Secretary, the Secretary may impose appropriate sanctions against the contractor or its subcontractors, as provided in Executive Order (No.) ————, the regulations implementing that order, and relevant orders of the Secretary, or as otherwise provided by law. “(e) In every subcontract entered into in order to perform services under this contract, the contractor will include provisions that ensure that each subcontractor will honor the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) with respect to the employees of a predecessor subcontractor or subcontractors working under this contract, as well as of a predecessor contractor and its subcontractors. The subcontract shall also include provisions to ensure that the subcontractor will provide the contractor with the information about the employees of the subcontractor needed by the contractor to comply with paragraph (c) of this clause. The contractor shall take such action with respect to any such subcontract as may be directed by the Secretary as a means of enforcing such provisions, including the imposition of sanctions for noncompliance: provided, however, that if the contractor, as a result of such direction, becomes involved in litigation with a subcontractor, or is threatened with such involvement, the contractor may request that the United States enter into such litigation to protect the interests of the United States.”

246. §6703 — Sec. 4. Location Continuity . (a) When an agency prepares a solicitation for a service contract that succeeds a contract for performance of the same or similar work, the agency shall consider whether performance of the work in the same locality or localities in which the contract is currently being performed is reasonably necessary to ensure economical and efficient provision of services.

247. §6703 — Sec. 5. Exclusions . This order shall not apply to:

248. §6703 — Sec. 6. Exceptions Authorized by Agencies . (a) A senior official within an agency may grant an exception from the requirements of section 3 of this order for a particular contract by, no later than the solicitation date, providing a specific written explanation of why at least one of the following circumstances exists with respect to that contract:

249. §6703 — Sec. 7. Regulations and Implementation . (a) The Secretary of Labor (Secretary) shall, to the extent consistent with law, issue final regulations within 180 days of the date of this order [ Nov. 18, 2021 ] to implement the requirements of this order, other than those specified in sections 6(b) and (c) of this order.

250. §6703 — Sec. 8. Enforcement . (a) The Secretary shall have the authority to investigate potential violations of, and obtain compliance with, this order. In such proceedings, the Secretary shall have the authority to issue final orders prescribing appropriate sanctions and remedies, including, but not limited to, orders requiring employment and payment of wages lost. The Secretary may also provide that, if a contractor or subcontractor has failed to comply with any order of the Secretary or has committed willful violations of this order or the regulations issued pursuant thereto, the contractor or subcontractor, and its responsible officers, and any firm in which the contractor or subcontractor has a substantial interest, may be ineligible to be awarded any contract of the United States for a period of up to 3 years. Neither an order for debarment of any contractor or subcontractor from further Federal Government contracts under this section nor the inclusion of a contractor or subcontractor on a published list of noncomplying contractors shall be carried out without affording the contractor or subcontractor an opportunity to present information and argument in opposition to the proposed debarment or inclusion on the list.

251. §6703 — Sec. 9. Revocation . Executive Order 13897 of October 31, 2019 (Improving Federal Contractor Operations by Revoking Executive Order 13495) [formerly set out above], is revoked. Executive Order 13495 of January 30, 2009 (Nondisplacement of Qualified Workers Under Service Contracts) [formerly set out above], remains revoked.

252. §6703 — Section 1. Policy . When a service contract expires, and a follow-on contract is awarded for the same or similar services, the Federal Government’s procurement interests in economy and efficiency are best served when the successor contractor or subcontractor hires the predecessor’s employees, thus avoiding displacement of these employees. Using a carryover work force reduces disruption in the delivery of services during the period of transition between contractors, maintains physical and information security, and provides the Federal Government with the benefits of an experienced and well-trained work force that is familiar with the Federal Government’s personnel, facilities, and requirements. These same benefits are also often realized when a successor contractor or subcontractor performs the same or similar contract work at the same location where the predecessor contract was performed.

253. §6704 — Limitation on minimum wage

254. §6705 — Violations

255. §6706 — Three-year prohibition on new contracts in case of violation

256. §6707 — Enforcement and administration of chapter

257. §7101 — Definitions

258. §7102 — Applicability of chapter

259. §7103 — Decision by contracting officer

260. §7104 — Contractor’s right of appeal from decision by contracting officer

261. §7105 — Agency boards

262. §7105 — Section 8 of the Contract Disputes Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(4)(B)(i), probably means section 8 of Pub. L. 95–563 , the Contract Disputes Act of 1978, which was classified to former section 607 of this title prior to being repealed and reenacted as subsecs. (a), (c) to (e), and (g) of this section by Pub. L. 111–350 , §§ 3, 7(b), Jan. 4, 2011 , 124 Stat. 3677 , 3855.

263. §7106 — Agency board procedures for accelerated and small claims

264. §7107 — Judicial review of agency board decisions

265. §7108 — Payment of claims

266. §7109 — Interest

267. §8101 — Definitions and construction

268. §8102 — Drug-free workplace requirements for Federal contractors

269. §8103 — Drug-free workplace requirements for Federal grant recipients

270. §8104 — Employee sanctions and remedies

271. §8105 — Waiver

272. §8106 — Regulations

273. §8301 — Definitions

274. §8301 — Section 1. Policy . As expressed in Executive Order 13788 of April 18, 2017 (Buy American and Hire American) [formerly set out above], it is the policy of the executive branch to maximize, consistent with law, the use of goods, products, and materials produced in the United States, in Federal procurements and through the terms and conditions of Federal financial assistance awards.

275. §8302 — American materials required for public use

276. §8303 — Contracts for public works

277. §8303 — Section 1. As used in this order, (a) the term “materials” includes articles and supplies, (b) the term “executive agency” includes executive department, independent establishment, and other instrumentality of the executive branch of the Government, and (c) the term “bid or offered price of materials of foreign origin” means the bid or offered price of such materials delivered at the place specified in the invitation to bid including applicable duty and all costs incurred after arrival in the United States.

278. §8304 — Waiver rescission

279. §8305 — Annual report

280. §8501 — Definitions

281. §8502 — Committee for Purchase From People Who Are Blind or Severely Disabled

282. §8503 — Duties and powers of the Committee

283. §8504 — Procurement requirements for the Federal Government

284. §8505 — Audit

285. §8506 — Authorization of appropriations

286. §8701 — Definitions

287. §8702 — Prohibited conduct

288. §8703 — Contractor responsibilities

289. §8704 — Inspection authority

290. §8705 — Administrative offsets

291. §8706 — Civil actions

292. §8707 — Criminal penalties

Title 42 — Civil Rights

1. §2 — Omitted

2. §233 — Civil actions or proceedings against commissioned officers or employees

3. §247 — Assisting veterans with military emergency medical training to meet requirements for becoming civilian health care professionals

4. §262 — Regulation of biological products

5. §300 — Project grants and contracts for family planning services

6. §301 — Authorization of appropriations For the purpose of enabling each State, as far as practicable under the conditions in such State, to furnish financial assistance to aged needy individuals, there is hereby authorized to be appropriated for each fiscal year a sum sufficient to carry out the purposes of this subchapter. The sums made available under this section shall be used for making payments to States which have submitted, and had approved by the Secretary of Health and Human Services (hereinafter referred to as the "Secretary"), State plans for old-age assistance. (Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title I, §1, 49 Stat. 620 ; Aug. 28, 1950, ch. 809, title III, pt. 6, §361(a), 64 Stat. 558 ; Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 836, title III, §311(a), 70 Stat. 848 ; Pub. L. 86–778, title VI, §601(b), Sept. 13, 1960, 74 Stat. 987 ; Pub. L. 87–543, title I, §104(c)(1), July 25, 1962, 76 Stat. 185 ; Pub. L. 96–88, title V, §509(b), Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 695 ; Pub. L. 97–35, title XXI, §2184(a)(2), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 816 .) Repeal of Section Pub. L. 92–603, title III, §303(a), (b), Oct. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 1484 , provided that this section is repealed effective Jan. 1, 1974, except with respect to Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands.

7. §401 — Trust Funds

8. §403 — Reduction of insurance benefits

9. §405 — Evidence, procedure, and certification for payments

10. §406 — Representation of claimants before Commissioner

11. §410 — Definitions relating to employment For the purposes of this subchapter-

12. §421 — Disability determinations

13. §422 — Rehabilitation services (a), (b) Repealed. Pub. L. 106–170, title I, §101(b)(1)(B), (C), Dec. 17, 1999, 113 Stat. 1873

14. §423 — Disability insurance benefit payments

15. §1437 — Declaration of policy and public housing agency organization

16. §1973 — Transferred

17. §1975 — Establishment of Commission

18. §2013 — Purpose of chapter It is the purpose of this chapter to effectuate the policies set forth above by providing for-

19. §2210 — Indemnification and limitation of liability

20. §4321 — Congressional declaration of purpose The purposes of this chapter are: To declare a national policy which will encourage productive and enjoyable harmony between man and his environment; to promote efforts which will prevent or eliminate damage to the environment and biosphere and stimulate the health and welfare of man; to enrich the understanding of the ecological systems and natural resources important to the Nation; and to establish a Council on Environmental Quality. ( Pub. L. 91–190, §2, Jan. 1, 1970, 83 Stat. 852 .)

21. §4332 — Cooperation of agencies; reports; availability of information; recommendations; international and national coordination of efforts The Congress authorizes and directs that, to the fullest extent possible: (1) the policies, regulations, and public laws of the United States shall be interpreted and administered in accordance with the policies set forth in this chapter, and (2) all agencies of the Federal Government shall-

22. §4342 — Establishment; membership; Chairman; appointments There is created in the Executive Office of the President a Council on Environmental Quality (hereinafter referred to as the "Council"). The Council shall be composed of three members who shall be appointed by the President to serve at his pleasure, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The President shall designate one of the members of the Council to serve as Chairman. Each member shall be a person who, as a result of his training, experience, and attainments, is exceptionally well qualified to analyze and interpret environmental trends and information of all kinds; to appraise programs and activities of the Federal Government in the light of the policy set forth in subchapter I of this chapter; to be conscious of and responsive to the scientific, economic, social, esthetic, and cultural needs and interests of the Nation; and to formulate and recommend national policies to promote the improvement of the quality of the environment. ( Pub. L. 91–190, title II, §202, Jan. 1, 1970, 83 Stat. 854 .)

23. §5192 — Federal emergency assistance

24. §6903 — Definitions As used in this chapter:

25. §6971 — Employee protection

26. §6972 — Citizen suits

27. §7171 — Appointment and administration

28. §7409 — National primary and secondary ambient air quality standards

29. §7502 — Nonattainment plan provisions in general

30. §7604 — Citizen suits

31. §7607 — Administrative proceedings and judicial review

32. §7622 — Employee protection

33. §9601 — Definitions For purpose of this subchapter-

34. §9604 — Response authorities

35. §9607 — Liability

36. §9613 — Civil proceedings

37. §10141 — Certain standards and criteria

38. §10608 — Transferred

39. §11901 — Congressional findings The Congress finds that-

40. §14136 — Transferred

41. §15483 — Transferred

42. §16901 — Transferred

43. §16911 — Transferred

44. §16913 — Transferred

Chapter 21

1. §1981 — Equal rights under the law

   This section affirms that all persons within the United States' jurisdiction have equal rights under the law to make and enforce contracts, sue, and enjoy all benefits of laws for personal and property security, as enjoyed by white citizens. It defines 'make and enforce contracts' broadly and protects these rights against both governmental and non-governmental discrimination.

2. §1982 — Property rights of citizens All citizens of the United States shall have the same right, in every State and Territory, as is enjoyed by white citizens thereof to inherit, purchase, lease, sell, hold, and convey real and personal property. (R.S. §1978.)

   This section guarantees that all citizens of the United States, regardless of race, shall have the same right to inherit, purchase, lease, sell, hold, and convey real and personal property in every State and Territory.

3. §1983 — Civil action for deprivation of rights Every person who, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage, of any State or Territory or the District of Columbia, subjects, or causes to be subjected, any citizen of the United States or other person within the jurisdiction thereof to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution and laws, shall be liable to the party injured in an action at law, suit in equity, or other proper proceeding for redress, except that in any action brought against a judicial officer for an act or omission taken in such officer's judicial capacity, injunctive relief shall not be granted unless a declaratory decree was violated or declaratory relief was unavailable. For the purposes of this section, any Act of Congress applicable exclusively to the District of Columbia shall be considered to be a statute of the District of Columbia. (R.S. §1979; Pub. L. 96–170, §1, Dec. 29, 1979, 93 Stat. 1284 ; Pub. L. 104–317, title III, §309(c), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3853 .)

   This section establishes the right to a civil action for the deprivation of rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution and laws by any person acting under color of state or District of Columbia law. It also specifies limitations on injunctive relief against judicial officers and defines what constitutes a statute of the District of Columbia for its purposes.

4. §1985 — Conspiracy to interfere with civil rights

   This section prohibits conspiracies to interfere with civil rights, specifically addressing acts that prevent officers from performing duties, obstruct justice by intimidating parties, witnesses, or jurors, or deprive persons of equal protection or privileges under the laws. It provides for a civil action for damages against conspirators for any resulting injury or deprivation of rights.

5. §1986 — Action for neglect to prevent Every person who, having knowledge that any of the wrongs conspired to be done, and mentioned in section 1985 of this title, are about to be committed, and having power to prevent or aid in preventing the commission of the same, neglects or refuses so to do, if such wrongful act be committed, shall be liable to the party injured, or his legal representatives, for all damages caused by such wrongful act, which such person by reasonable diligence could have prevented; and such damages may be recovered in an action on the case; and any number of persons guilty of such wrongful neglect or refusal may be joined as defendants in the action; and if the death of any party be caused by any such wrongful act and neglect, the legal representatives of the deceased shall have such action therefor, and may recover not exceeding $5,000 damages therein, for the benefit of the widow of the deceased, if there be one, and if there be no widow, then for the benefit of the next of kin of the deceased. But no action under the provisions of this section shall be sustained which is not commenced within one year after the cause of action has accrued. (R.S. §1981.)

   This section establishes liability for individuals who, knowing of wrongs conspired under section 1985 of this title and having the power to prevent them, neglect or refuse to do so, resulting in injury. It allows for recovery of damages, including up to $5,000 for wrongful death, and imposes a one-year statute of limitations for such actions.

6. §1988 — Proceedings in vindication of civil rights

   This section outlines the proceedings for vindication of civil rights, specifying that federal district courts shall apply federal law, and where deficient, state common law consistent with the U.S. Constitution. It also provides for the discretionary awarding of attorney's fees to prevailing parties in civil rights actions, including expert fees in certain cases, with an exception for judicial officers.

7. §1997 — Definitions As used in this subchapter-

8. §2000a. Prohibition against discrimination or segregation in places of public accommodation

   This section prohibits discrimination or segregation based on race, color, religion, or national origin in places of public accommodation, detailing what constitutes a public accommodation, particularly those whose operations affect interstate commerce or are supported by State action. It also defines key terms like "commerce" and clarifies the exclusion of certain private establishments.

9. §2000bb. Congressional findings and declaration of purposes

10. §2000d. Prohibition against exclusion from participation in, denial of benefits of, and discrimination under federally assisted programs on ground of race, color, or national origin No person in the United States shall, on the ground of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance. ( Pub. L. 88–352, title VI, §601, July 2, 1964, 78 Stat. 252 .) Executive Documents Coordination of Implementation and Enforcement of Provisions For provisions relating to the coordination of implementation and enforcement of the provisions of this subchapter by the Attorney General, see section 1–201 of Ex. Ord. No. 12250, Nov. 2, 1980, 45 F.R. 72995, set out as a note under section 2000d–1 of this title. Ex. Ord. No. 13160. Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Race, Sex, Color, National Origin, Disability, Religion, Age, Sexual Orientation, and Status as a Parent in Federally Conducted Education and Training Programs Ex. Ord. No. 13160, June 23, 2000, 65 F.R. 39775, provided: By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including sections 921–932 of title 20, United States Code; section 2164 of title 10, United States Code; section 2001 et seq., of title 25, United States Code; section 7301 of title 5, United States Code; and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, and to achieve equal opportunity in Federally conducted education and training programs and activities, it is hereby ordered as follows:

    This section prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, or national origin in any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance. It also includes references to executive orders and other statutes concerning the coordination of implementation and enforcement of nondiscrimination provisions, extending to various protected characteristics in federally conducted education and training programs.

11. Sec. 2. Definitions. 2–201. "Federally conducted education and training programs and activities" includes programs and activities conducted, operated, or undertaken by an executive department or agency. 2–202. "Education and training programs and activities" include, but are not limited to, formal schools, extracurricular activities, academic programs, occupational training, scholarships and fellowships, student internships, training for industry members, summer enrichment camps, and teacher training programs. 2–203. The Attorney General is authorized to make a final determination as to whether a program falls within the scope of education and training programs and activities covered by this order, under subsection 2–202, or is excluded from coverage, under section 3. 2–204. "Military education or training programs" are those education and training programs conducted by the Department of Defense or, where the Coast Guard is concerned, the Department of Transportation, for the primary purpose of educating or training members of the armed forces or meeting a statutory requirement to educate or train Federal, State, or local civilian law enforcement officials pursuant to 10 U.S.C. Chapter 18. 2–205. "Armed Forces" means the Armed Forces of the United States. 2–206. "Status as a parent" refers to the status of an individual who, with respect to an individual who is under the age of 18 or who is 18 or older but is incapable of self-care because of a physical or mental disability, is:

    This section defines key terms for an Executive Order on nondiscrimination in federally conducted education and training programs. It clarifies what constitutes "Federally conducted education and training programs and activities," "Military education or training programs," "Armed Forces," and comprehensively defines "Status as a parent" for the purposes of the order.

12. Sec. 2. Ensuring Robust Enforcement of Title VI. (a) In enforcing Title VI, and identifying evidence of discrimination based on race, color, or national origin, all executive departments and agencies (agencies) charged with enforcing Title VI shall consider the following:

    This section outlines that executive departments and agencies enforcing Title VI of the Civil Rights Act must consider the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance's (IHRA) working definition and contemporary examples of anti-Semitism when identifying discrimination based on race, color, or national origin. However, agencies must ensure that such consideration does not infringe upon rights protected under Federal law or the First Amendment, requiring detailed analysis for each discrimination complaint.

13. Sec. 2. Policy. It shall be the policy of the United States to combat anti-Semitism vigorously, using all available and appropriate legal tools, to prosecute, remove, or otherwise hold to account the perpetrators of unlawful anti-Semitic harassment and violence.

    This section declares the policy of the United States to vigorously combat anti-Semitism by employing all appropriate legal tools to prosecute, remove, or otherwise hold accountable individuals responsible for unlawful anti-Semitic harassment and violence.

14. Sec. 3. Additional Authorities Prohibiting Anti-Semitic Discrimination. Within 120 days of the date of this order [Dec. 11, 2019], the head of each agency charged with enforcing Title VI shall submit a report to the President, through the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, identifying additional nondiscrimination authorities within its enforcement authority with respect to which the IHRA definition of anti-Semitism could be considered.

    This section mandates that within 120 days of the order's date (December 11, 2019), each agency responsible for enforcing Title VI must report to the President, via the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, on additional nondiscrimination authorities where the IHRA definition of anti-Semitism could be considered.

15. Sec. 3. Additional Measures to Combat Campus Anti-Semitism. (a) Within 60 days of the date of this order [Jan. 29, 2025], the head of each executive department or agency (agency) shall submit a report to the President, through the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, identifying all civil and criminal authorities or actions within the jurisdiction of that agency, beyond those already implemented under Executive Order 13899, that might be used to curb or combat anti-Semitism, and containing an inventory and analysis of all pending administrative complaints, as of the date of the report, against or involving institutions of higher education alleging civil-rights violations related to or arising from post-October 7, 2023, campus anti-Semitism.

    This section mandates that within 60 days, each executive agency must submit a report to the President, through the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, identifying civil and criminal authorities that can combat anti-Semitism beyond Executive Order 13899, and inventorying pending complaints against higher education institutions related to post-October 7, 2023, campus anti-Semitism. It further specifies reporting requirements for the Attorney General and Secretary of Education, and encourages familiarizing institutions with grounds for inadmissibility under 8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(3) for alien students and staff.

16. Sec. 3. Exemption from coverage. 3–301. This order does not apply to members of the armed forces, military education or training programs, or authorized intelligence activities. Members of the armed forces, including students at military academies, will continue to be covered by regulations that currently bar specified forms of discrimination that are now enforced by the Department of Defense and the individual service branches. The Department of Defense shall develop procedures to protect the rights of and to provide redress to civilians not otherwise protected by existing Federal law from discrimination on the basis of race, sex, color, national origin, disability, religion, age, sexual orientation, or status as a parent and who participate in military education or training programs or activities conducted by the Department of Defense. 3–302. This order does not apply to, affect, interfere with, or modify the operation of any otherwise lawful affirmative action plan or program. 3–303. An individual shall not be deemed subjected to discrimination by reason of his or her exclusion from the benefits of a program established consistent with federal law or limited by Federal law to individuals of a particular race, sex, color, disability, national origin, age, religion, sexual orientation, or status as a parent different from his or her own. 3–304. This order does not apply to ceremonial or similar education or training programs or activities of schools conducted by the Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, that are culturally relevant to the children represented in the school. "Culturally relevant" refers to any class, program, or activity that is fundamental to a tribe's culture, customs, traditions, heritage, or religion. 3–305. This order does not apply to (a) selections based on national origin of foreign nationals to participate in covered education or training programs, if such programs primarily concern national security or foreign policy matters; or (b) selections or other decisions regarding participation in covered education or training programs made by entities outside the executive branch. It shall be the policy of the executive branch that education or training programs or activities shall not be available to entities that select persons for participation in violation of Federal or State law. 3–306. The prohibition on discrimination on the basis of age provided in this order does not apply to age-based admissions of participants to education or training programs, if such programs have traditionally been age-specific or must be age-limited for reasons related to health or national security.

    This section outlines specific exemptions from the nondiscrimination requirements of this Executive Order, including those pertaining to armed forces members, military education and training programs, and authorized intelligence activities. It also exempts lawful affirmative action plans, certain programs limited by federal law, culturally relevant programs of Bureau of Indian Affairs schools, selections of foreign nationals for national security or foreign policy programs, and age-based admissions for traditionally age-specific or health/national security-related programs.

17. Sec. 4. Administrative enforcement. 4–401. Any person who believes himself or herself to be aggrieved by a violation of this order or its implementing regulations, rules, policies, or guidance may, personally or through a representative, file a written complaint with the agency that such person believes is in violation of this order or its implementing regulations, rules, policies, or guidance. Pursuant to procedures to be established by the Attorney General, each executive department or agency shall conduct an investigation of any complaint by one of its employees alleging a violation of this Executive Order. 4–402. (a) If the office within an executive department or agency that is designated to investigate complaints for violations of this order or its implementing rules, regulations, policies, or guidance concludes that an employee has not complied with this order or any of its implementing rules, regulations, policies, or guidance, such office shall complete a report and refer a copy of the report and any relevant findings or supporting evidence to an appropriate agency official. The appropriate agency official shall review such material and determine what, if any, disciplinary action is appropriate.

    This section details the administrative enforcement procedures for an Executive Order, allowing aggrieved persons to file complaints with relevant agencies. It outlines the process for investigating employee complaints, referring them for disciplinary action, and recommending corrective measures, while also stating that monetary relief is not authorized and disciplinary actions must comply with existing procedures like the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978.

18. Sec. 4. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect

    This section sets forth general provisions, stating that the order does not diminish the legal authority of executive departments, agencies, or the functions of the Office of Management and Budget. It also clarifies that the order must align with applicable law and funding availability, and it explicitly avoids creating any enforceable rights against the United States or its personnel.

19. Sec. 4. Rule of Construction. Nothing in this order shall be construed to alter the evidentiary requirements pursuant to which an agency makes a determination that conduct, including harassment, amounts to actionable discrimination, or to diminish or infringe upon the rights protected under any other provision of law.

    This section clarifies that the order should not be interpreted to change the evidentiary standards required for an agency to determine actionable discrimination, including harassment, nor should it diminish or infringe upon rights protected by other laws.

20. Sec. 5. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

    This section establishes general provisions for an order, ensuring it does not impair the authority of executive departments, agencies, or the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget. It specifies that the order must be implemented consistent with applicable law and appropriations, and explicitly states that it does not create any enforceable rights against the United States or its personnel. It also introduces Executive Order No. 14188, issued by Donald J. Trump, concerning additional measures to combat anti-Semitism.

21. Sec. 5. Implementation and Agency Responsibilities. 5–501. The Attorney General shall publish in the Federal Register such rules, regulations, policies, or guidance, as the Attorney General deems appropriate, to be followed by all executive departments and agencies. The Attorney General shall address: a. which programs and activities fall within the scope of education and training programs and activities covered by this order, under subsection 2–202, or excluded from coverage, under section 3 of this order; b. examples of discriminatory conduct; c. applicable legal principles; d. enforcement procedures with respect to complaints against employees; e. remedies; f. requirements for agency annual and tri-annual reports as set forth in section 6 of this order; and g. such other matters as deemed appropriate. 5–502. Within 90 days of the publication of final rules, regulations, policies, or guidance by the Attorney General, each executive department and agency shall establish a procedure to receive and address complaints regarding its Federally conducted education and training programs and activities. Each executive department and agency shall take all necessary steps to effectuate any subsequent rules, regulations, policies, or guidance issued by the Attorney General within 90 days of issuance. 5–503. The head of each executive department and agency shall be responsible for ensuring compliance within this order. 5–504. Each executive department and agency shall cooperate with the Attorney General and provide such information and assistance as the Attorney General may require in the performance of the Attorney General's functions under this order. 5–505. Upon request and to the extent practicable, the Attorney General shall provide technical advice and assistance to executive departments and agencies to assist in full compliance with this order.

    This section details the implementation and agency responsibilities for an Executive Order on nondiscrimination, tasking the Attorney General with publishing rules, guidance, and addressing specific areas like program scope, discriminatory conduct, and enforcement. It also requires executive departments and agencies to establish complaint procedures, ensure compliance, cooperate with the Attorney General, and receive technical assistance.

22. Sec. 6. Reporting Requirements. 6–601. Consistent with the regulations, rules, policies, or guidance issued by the Attorney General, each executive department and agency shall submit to the Attorney General a report that summarizes the number and nature of complaints filed with the agency and the disposition of such complaints. For the first 3 years after the date of this order, such reports shall be submitted annually within 90 days of the end of the preceding year's activities. Subsequent reports shall be submitted every 3 years and within 90 days of the end of each 3-year period.

    This section outlines the reporting requirements for executive departments and agencies regarding complaints filed under this order. Agencies must submit reports to the Attorney General summarizing the number, nature, and disposition of complaints, with annual submissions for the first three years and tri-annual submissions thereafter.

23. Sec. 7. General Provisions. 7–701. Nothing in this order shall limit the authority of the Attorney General to provide for the coordinated enforcement of nondiscrimination requirements in Federal assistance programs under Executive Order 12250 [42 U.S.C. 2000d–1 note].

    This section, labeled as 7–701 under General Provisions, clarifies that the order it belongs to does not restrict the Attorney General's authority to coordinate the enforcement of nondiscrimination requirements in Federal assistance programs, specifically referencing Executive Order 12250, which is noted in connection with 42 U.S.C. 2000d–1.

24. Sec. 8. Judicial Review. 8–801. This order is not intended, and should not be construed, to create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law by a party against the United States, its agencies, its officers, or its employees. This order is not intended, however, to preclude judicial review of final decisions in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 701, et seq. William J. Clinton. Ex. Ord. No. 13899. Combating Anti-Semitism Ex. Ord. No. 13899, Dec. 11, 2019, 84 F.R. 68779, provided: By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered as follows:

    This section specifies that the order does not create enforceable rights against the United States, its agencies, officers, or employees, but it explicitly allows for judicial review of final decisions in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C. 701 et seq.). It also introduces Executive Order No. 13899, dated December 11, 2019, concerning combating anti-Semitism, issued under the authority of the President.

25. Section 1. Policy. My Administration is committed to combating the rise of anti-Semitism and anti-Semitic incidents in the United States and around the world. Anti-Semitic incidents have increased since 2013, and students, in particular, continue to face anti-Semitic harassment in schools and on university and college campuses. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VI), 42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq., prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, and national origin in programs and activities receiving Federal financial assistance. While Title VI does not cover discrimination based on religion, individuals who face discrimination on the basis of race, color, or national origin do not lose protection under Title VI for also being a member of a group that shares common religious practices. Discrimination against Jews may give rise to a Title VI violation when the discrimination is based on an individual's race, color, or national origin. It shall be the policy of the executive branch to enforce Title VI against prohibited forms of discrimination rooted in anti-Semitism as vigorously as against all other forms of discrimination prohibited by Title VI.

    This policy statement outlines the Administration's commitment to combating rising anti-Semitism, particularly in educational settings. It clarifies that while Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 does not cover religious discrimination, discrimination against Jews based on race, color, or national origin can constitute a Title VI violation, and the executive branch will vigorously enforce these protections.

26. Section 1. Purpose. My Administration has fought and will continue to fight anti-Semitism in the United States and around the world. On December 11, 2019, I issued Executive Order 13899 [set out above], my first Executive Order on Combating Anti-Semitism, finding that students, in particular, faced anti-Semitic harassment in schools and on university and college campuses. Executive Order 13899 provided interpretive assistance on the enforcement of the Nation's civil rights laws to ensure that they would protect American Jews to the same extent to which all other American citizens are protected. The prior administration effectively nullified Executive Order 13899 by failing to give the terms of the order full force and effect throughout the Government. This order reaffirms Executive Order 13899 and directs additional measures to advance the policy thereof in the wake of the Hamas terrorist attacks of October 7, 2023, against the people of Israel. These attacks unleashed an unprecedented wave of vile anti-Semitic discrimination, vandalism, and violence against our citizens, especially in our schools and on our campuses. Jewish students have faced an unrelenting barrage of discrimination; denial of access to campus common areas and facilities, including libraries and classrooms; and intimidation, harassment, and physical threats and assault. A joint report by the House Committees on Education and the Workforce, Energy and Commerce, Judiciary, Oversight and Accountability, Veterans' Affairs, and Ways and Means calls the Federal Government's failure to fight anti-Semitism and protect Jewish students "astounding." This failure is unacceptable and ends today.

    This section outlines the administration's renewed commitment to combating anti-Semitism, reaffirming Executive Order 13899 to protect Jewish students under civil rights laws, and criticizing the prior administration for its failure to fully enforce it. It calls for additional measures against anti-Semitism, especially on campuses, in response to the October 7, 2023, Hamas attacks and a report from House Committees.

27. Section 1. Statement of policy on education programs and activities conducted by executive departments and agencies. 1–101. The Federal Government must hold itself to at least the same principles of nondiscrimination in educational opportunities as it applies to the education programs and activities of State and local governments, and to private institutions receiving Federal financial assistance. Existing laws and regulations prohibit certain forms of discrimination in Federally conducted education and training programs and activities-including discrimination against people with disabilities, prohibited by the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 29 U.S.C. 701 et seq., as amended, employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, or religion, prohibited by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. 2000e–17 [42 U.S.C. 2000e et seq.], as amended, discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, or religion in educational programs receiving Federal assistance, under Title VI of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964, 42 U.S.C. 2000d [et seq.], and sex-based discrimination in education programs receiving Federal assistance under Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, 20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq. Through this Executive Order, discrimination on the basis of race, sex, color, national origin, disability, religion, age, sexual orientation, and status as a parent will be prohibited in Federally conducted education and training programs and activities. 1–102. No individual, on the basis of race, sex, color, national origin, disability, religion, age, sexual orientation, or status as a parent, shall be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination in, a Federally conducted education or training program or activity.

    This Executive Order sets forth the Federal Government's policy on nondiscrimination in Federally conducted education and training programs and activities. It mandates that the government adhere to principles of nondiscrimination similar to those applied to other entities and expands protected categories to include race, sex, color, national origin, disability, religion, age, sexual orientation, and status as a parent.

28. §2000e. Definitions For the purposes of this subchapter-

    This section provides comprehensive definitions for various terms used within the subchapter, including "person," "employer," "employment agency," "labor organization," "employee," "commerce," "industry affecting commerce," "State," "religion," "because of sex" or "on the basis of sex," "complaining party," "demonstrates," and "respondent," for the purpose of clarifying the scope and application of federal civil rights law related to employment.

Chapter 45

1. §3601 — Declaration of policy It is the policy of the United States to provide, within constitutional limitations, for fair housing throughout the United States. ( Pub. L. 90–284, title VIII, §801, Apr. 11, 1968, 82 Stat. 81 .)

   This section declares the policy of the United States to ensure fair housing nationwide, operating within constitutional limitations.

2. §3604 — Discrimination in the sale or rental of housing and other prohibited practices As made applicable by section 3603 of this title and except as exempted by sections 3603(b) and 3607 of this title, it shall be unlawful-

   This section defines unlawful discriminatory practices in the sale or rental of housing, prohibiting discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, familial status, national origin, and handicap. It details various forms of discrimination, including refusal to sell/rent, unequal terms, discriminatory advertising, misrepresentation of availability, blockbusting, and specific provisions for accommodating handicapped persons, including requirements for accessible design in new multifamily dwellings.

3. §3605 — Discrimination in residential real estate-related transactions

   This section makes it unlawful to discriminate in residential real estate-related transactions based on race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, or national origin. It defines 'residential real estate-related transaction' to include various lending and financial assistance activities, as well as selling, brokering, or appraising real property, with an exemption for appraisers to consider factors other than protected characteristics.

4. §3617 — Interference, coercion, or intimidation It shall be unlawful to coerce, intimidate, threaten, or interfere with any person in the exercise or enjoyment of, or on account of his having exercised or enjoyed, or on account of his having aided or encouraged any other person in the exercise or enjoyment of, any right granted or protected by section 3603, 3604, 3605, or 3606 of this title. ( Pub. L. 90–284, title VIII, §818, formerly §817, Apr. 11, 1968, 82 Stat. 89 ; renumbered §818 and amended Pub. L. 100–430, §§8(1), 10, Sept. 13, 1988, 102 Stat. 1625 , 1635.)

   This section makes it unlawful to coerce, intimidate, threaten, or interfere with any person exercising or enjoying rights granted by sections 3603, 3604, 3605, or 3606 of this title, or with anyone aiding another in exercising these rights.

Chapter 126

1. §12101 — Findings and purpose

   This section outlines the congressional findings that individuals with disabilities face pervasive discrimination across various societal areas and lack sufficient legal recourse. It establishes the purpose of the chapter to provide a clear national mandate for eliminating discrimination, setting strong, enforceable standards, and ensuring the Federal Government's central role in upholding these rights, invoking congressional authority including the Fourteenth Amendment.

2. §12102 — Definition of disability As used in this chapter:

   This section defines 'disability' for the purposes of the chapter, encompassing physical or mental impairments that substantially limit major life activities, a record of such impairments, or being regarded as having one. It also details specific major life activities and provides rules for construing the definition, including the exclusion of ordinary eyeglasses or contact lenses as mitigating measures.

3. §12111 — Definitions As used in this subchapter:

   This section provides comprehensive definitions for key terms used within the subchapter, including 'Commission,' 'covered entity,' 'employer,' 'employee,' 'qualified individual,' 'direct threat,' 'illegal use of drugs,' 'reasonable accommodation,' and 'undue hardship,' detailing their specific meanings and applicable criteria for employment-related provisions.

4. §12112 — Discrimination

   This section prohibits discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities in employment, covering job application procedures, hiring, advancement, compensation, training, and other terms and conditions of employment. It defines what constitutes discrimination, including failures to make reasonable accommodations and improper medical examinations or inquiries, and addresses covered entities in foreign countries.

5. §12131 — Definitions As used in this subchapter:

   This section defines key terms used within its subchapter, specifically "public entity," which includes state and local governments, their instrumentalities, and certain railroad and commuter authorities, and "qualified individual with a disability," detailing the requirements for individuals to receive public services or participate in programs.

6. §12132 — Discrimination Subject to the provisions of this subchapter, no qualified individual with a disability shall, by reason of such disability, be excluded from participation in or be denied the benefits of the services, programs, or activities of a public entity, or be subjected to discrimination by any such entity. ( Pub. L. 101–336, title II, §202, July 26, 1990, 104 Stat. 337 .)

   This section mandates that no qualified individual with a disability shall be excluded from, denied benefits of, or subjected to discrimination in services, programs, or activities provided by a public entity, under the provisions of this subchapter.

7. §12182 — Prohibition of discrimination by public accommodations

   This section prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in places of public accommodation, outlining various forms of discrimination, including denial of participation, unequal benefits, and failures to make reasonable modifications, provide auxiliary aids, or remove architectural and transportation barriers. It also addresses specific requirements for fixed route and demand-responsive transportation systems and clarifies exceptions like direct threats.

8. §12203 — Prohibition against retaliation and coercion

   This section prohibits retaliation and coercion against individuals who oppose acts made unlawful by this chapter or who participate in related investigations or proceedings. It also specifies that remedies and procedures under sections 12117, 12133, and 12188 of this title are applicable to violations concerning subchapters I, II, and III, respectively.

Title 43

1. §315 — Grazing districts; establishment; restrictions; prior rights; rights-of-way; hearing and notice; hunting or fishing rights In order to promote the highest use of the public lands pending its final disposal, the Secretary of the Interior is authorized, in his discretion, by order to establish grazing districts or additions thereto and/or to modify the boundaries thereof, of vacant, unappropriated, and unreserved lands from any part of the public domain of the United States (exclusive of Alaska), which are not in national forests, national parks and monuments, Indian reservations, revested Oregon and California Railroad grant lands, or revested Coos Bay Wagon Road grant lands, and which in his opinion are chiefly valuable for grazing and raising forage crops: Provided, That no lands withdrawn or reserved for any other purpose shall be included in any such district except with the approval of the head of the department having jurisdiction thereof. Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed in any way to diminish, restrict, or impair any right which has been heretofore or may be hereafter initiated under existing law validly affecting the public lands, and which is maintained pursuant to such law except as otherwise expressly provided in this subchapter nor to affect any land heretofore or hereafter surveyed which, except for the provisions of this subchapter, would be a part of any grant to any State, nor as limiting or restricting the power or authority of any State as to matters within its jurisdiction. Whenever any grazing district is established pursuant to this subchapter, the Secretary shall grant to owners of land adjacent to such district, upon application of any such owner, such rights-of-way over the lands included in such district for stock-driving purposes as may be necessary for the convenient access by any such owner to marketing facilities or to lands not within such district owned by such person or upon which such person has stock-grazing rights. Neither this subchapter nor the Act of December 29, 1916 (39 Stat. 862; U.S.C., title 43, secs. 291 and following), commonly known as the "Stock Raising Homestead Act", shall be construed as limiting the authority or policy of Congress or the President to include in national forests public lands of the character described in section 471 1 of title 16, for the purposes set forth in section 475 of title 16, or such other purposes as Congress may specify. Before grazing districts are created in any State as herein provided, a hearing shall be held in the State, after public notice thereof shall have been given, at such location convenient for the attendance of State officials, and the settlers, residents, and livestock owners of the vicinity, as may be determined by the Secretary of the Interior. No such district shall be established until the expiration of ninety days after such notice shall have been given, nor until twenty days after such hearing shall be held: Provided, however, That the publication of such notice shall have the effect of withdrawing all public lands within the exterior boundary of such proposed grazing districts from all forms of entry of settlement. Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed as in any way altering or restricting the right to hunt or fish within a grazing district in accordance with the laws of the United States or of any State, or as vesting in any permittee any right whatsoever to interfere with hunting or fishing within a grazing district. (June 28, 1934, ch. 865, §1, 48 Stat. 1269 ; June 26, 1936, ch. 842, title I, §1, 49 Stat. 1976 ; May 28, 1954, ch. 243, §2, 68 Stat. 151 .)

2. §1621 — Miscellaneous provisions

3. §1652 — Authorizations for construction

Title 44

1. §2111 — Material accepted for deposit

Title 45

1. §51 — Liability of common carriers by railroad, in interstate or foreign commerce, for injuries to employees from negligence; employee defined Every common carrier by railroad while engaging in commerce between any of the several States or Territories, or between any of the States and Territories, or between the District of Columbia and any of the States or Territories, or between the District of Columbia or any of the States or Territories and any foreign nation or nations, shall be liable in damages to any person suffering injury while he is employed by such carrier in such commerce, or, in case of the death of such employee, to his or her personal representative, for the benefit of the surviving widow or husband and children of such employee; and, if none, then of such employee's parents; and, if none, then of the next of kin dependent upon such employee, for such injury or death resulting in whole or in part from the negligence of any of the officers, agents, or employees of such carrier, or by reason of any defect or insufficiency, due to its negligence, in its cars, engines, appliances, machinery, track, roadbed, works, boats, wharves, or other equipment. Any employee of a carrier, any part of whose duties as such employee shall be the furtherance of interstate or foreign commerce; or shall, in any way directly or closely and substantially, affect such commerce as above set forth shall, for the purposes of this chapter, be considered as being employed by such carrier in such commerce and shall be considered as entitled to the benefits of this chapter. (Apr. 22, 1908, ch. 149, §1, 35 Stat. 65 ; Aug. 11, 1939, ch. 685, §1, 53 Stat. 1404 .)

2. §151 — Definitions; short title When used in this chapter and for the purposes of this chapter- First. The term "carrier" includes any railroad subject to the jurisdiction of the Surface Transportation Board, any express company that would have been subject to subtitle IV of title 49, as of December 31, 1995,,1 and any company which is directly or indirectly owned or controlled by or under common control with any carrier by railroad and which operates any equipment or facilities or performs any service (other than trucking service) in connection with the transportation, receipt, delivery, elevation, transfer in transit, refrigeration or icing, storage, and handling of property transported by railroad, and any receiver, trustee, or other individual or body, judicial or otherwise, when in the possession of the business of any such "carrier": Provided, however, That the term "carrier" shall not include any street, interurban, or suburban electric railway, unless such railway is operating as a part of a general steam-railroad system of transportation, but shall not exclude any part of the general steam-railroad system of transportation now or hereafter operated by any other motive power. The Surface Transportation Board is authorized and directed upon request of the Mediation Board or upon complaint of any party interested to determine after hearing whether any line operated by electric power falls within the terms of this proviso. The term "carrier" shall not include any company by reason of its being engaged in the mining of coal, the supplying of coal to a carrier where delivery is not beyond the mine tipple, and the operation of equipment or facilities therefor, or in any of such activities. Second. The term "Adjustment Board" means the National Railroad Adjustment Board created by this chapter. Third. The term "Mediation Board" means the National Mediation Board created by this chapter. Fourth. The term "commerce" means commerce among the several States or between any State, Territory, or the District of Columbia and any foreign nation, or between any Territory or the District of Columbia and any State, or between any Territory and any other Territory, or between any Territory and the District of Columbia, or within any Territory or the District of Columbia, or between points in the same State but through any other State or any Territory or the District of Columbia or any foreign nation. Fifth. The term "employee" as used herein includes every person in the service of a carrier (subject to its continuing authority to supervise and direct the manner of rendition of his service) who performs any work defined as that of an employee or subordinate official in the orders of the Surface Transportation Board now in effect, and as the same may be amended or interpreted by orders hereafter entered by the Board pursuant to the authority which is conferred upon it to enter orders amending or interpreting such existing orders: Provided, however, That no occupational classification made by order of the Surface Transportation Board shall be construed to define the crafts according to which railway employees may be organized by their voluntary action, nor shall the jurisdiction or powers of such employee organizations be regarded as in any way limited or defined by the provisions of this chapter or by the orders of the Board. The term "employee" shall not include any individual while such individual is engaged in the physical operations consisting of the mining of coal, the preparation of coal, the handling (other than movement by rail with standard railroad locomotives) of coal not beyond the mine tipple, or the loading of coal at the tipple. Sixth. The term "representative" means any person or persons, labor union, organization, or corporation designated either by a carrier or group of carriers or by its or their employees, to act for it or them. Seventh. The term "district court" includes the United States District Court for the District of Columbia; and the term "court of appeals" includes the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. This chapter may be cited as the "Railway Labor Act." (May 20, 1926, ch. 347, §1, 44 Stat. 577 ; June 7, 1934, ch. 426, 48 Stat. 926 ; June 21, 1934, ch. 691, §1, 48 Stat. 1185 ; June 25, 1936, ch. 804, 49 Stat. 1921 ; Aug. 13, 1940, ch. 664, §§2, 3, 54 Stat. 785 , 786; June 25, 1948, ch. 646, §32(a), (b), 62 Stat. 991 ; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, §127, 63 Stat. 107 ; Pub. L. 104–88, title III, §322, Dec. 29, 1995, 109 Stat. 950 ; Pub. L. 104–264, title XII, §1223, Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3287 .)

3. §152 — General duties First. Duty of carriers and employees to settle disputes It shall be the duty of all carriers, their officers, agents, and employees to exert every reasonable effort to make and maintain agreements concerning rates of pay, rules, and working conditions, and to settle all disputes, whether arising out of the application of such agreements or otherwise, in order to avoid any interruption to commerce or to the operation of any carrier growing out of any dispute between the carrier and the employees thereof. Second. Consideration of disputes by representatives All disputes between a carrier or carriers and its or their employees shall be considered, and, if possible, decided, with all expedition, in conference between representatives designated and authorized so to confer, respectively, by the carrier or carriers and by the employees thereof interested in the dispute. Third. Designation of representatives Representatives, for the purposes of this chapter, shall be designated by the respective parties without interference, influence, or coercion by either party over the designation of representatives by the other; and neither party shall in any way interfere with, influence, or coerce the other in its choice of representatives. Representatives of employees for the purposes of this chapter need not be persons in the employ of the carrier, and no carrier shall, by interference, influence, or coercion seek in any manner to prevent the designation by its employees as their representatives of those who or which are not employees of the carrier. Fourth. Organization and collective bargaining; freedom from interference by carrier; assistance in organizing or maintaining organization by carrier forbidden; deduction of dues from wages forbidden Employees shall have the right to organize and bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing. The majority of any craft or class of employees shall have the right to determine who shall be the representative of the craft or class for the purposes of this chapter. No carrier, its officers, or agents shall deny or in any way question the right of its employees to join, organize, or assist in organizing the labor organization of their choice, and it shall be unlawful for any carrier to interfere in any way with the organization of its employees, or to use the funds of the carrier in maintaining or assisting or contributing to any labor organization, labor representative, or other agency of collective bargaining, or in performing any work therefor, or to influence or coerce employees in an effort to induce them to join or remain or not to join or remain members of any labor organization, or to deduct from the wages of employees any dues, fees, assessments, or other contributions payable to labor organizations, or to collect or to assist in the collection of any such dues, fees, assessments, or other contributions: Provided, That nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prohibit a carrier from permitting an employee, individually, or local representatives of employees from conferring with management during working hours without loss of time, or to prohibit a carrier from furnishing free transportation to its employees while engaged in the business of a labor organization. Fifth. Agreements to join or not to join labor organizations forbidden No carrier, its officers, or agents shall require any person seeking employment to sign any contract or agreement promising to join or not to join a labor organization; and if any such contract has been enforced prior to the effective date of this chapter, then such carrier shall notify the employees by an appropriate order that such contract has been discarded and is no longer binding on them in any way. Sixth. Conference of representatives; time; place; private agreements In case of a dispute between a carrier or carriers and its or their employees, arising out of grievances or out of the interpretation or application of agreements concerning rates of pay, rules, or working conditions, it shall be the duty of the designated representative or representatives of such carrier or carriers and of such employees, within ten days after the receipt of notice of a desire on the part of either party to confer in respect to such dispute, to specify a time and place at which such conference shall be held: Provided, (1) That the place so specified shall be situated upon the line of the carrier involved or as otherwise mutually agreed upon; and (2) that the time so specified shall allow the designated conferees reasonable opportunity to reach such place of conference, but shall not exceed twenty days from the receipt of such notice: And provided further, That nothing in this chapter shall be construed to supersede the provisions of any agreement (as to conferences) then in effect between the parties. Seventh. Change in pay, rules, or working conditions contrary to agreement or to section 156 forbidden No carrier, its officers, or agents shall change the rates of pay, rules, or working conditions of its employees, as a class, as embodied in agreements except in the manner prescribed in such agreements or in section 156 of this title. Eighth. Notices of manner of settlement of disputes; posting Every carrier shall notify its employees by printed notices in such form and posted at such times and places as shall be specified by the Mediation Board that all disputes between the carrier and its employees will be handled in accordance with the requirements of this chapter, and in such notices there shall be printed verbatim, in large type, the third, fourth, and fifth paragraphs of this section. The provisions of said paragraphs are made a part of the contract of employment between the carrier and each employee, and shall be held binding upon the parties, regardless of any other express or implied agreements between them. Ninth. Disputes as to identity of representatives; designation by Mediation Board; secret elections If any dispute shall arise among a carrier's employees as to who are the representatives of such employees designated and authorized in accordance with the requirements of this chapter, it shall be the duty of the Mediation Board, upon request of either party to the dispute, to investigate such dispute and to certify to both parties, in writing, within thirty days after the receipt of the invocation of its services, the name or names of the individuals or organizations that have been designated and authorized to represent the employees involved in the dispute, and certify the same to the carrier. Upon receipt of such certification the carrier shall treat with the representative so certified as the representative of the craft or class for the purposes of this chapter. In such an investigation, the Mediation Board shall be authorized to take a secret ballot of the employees involved, or to utilize any other appropriate method of ascertaining the names of their duly designated and authorized representatives in such manner as shall insure the choice of representatives by the employees without interference, influence, or coercion exercised by the carrier. In the conduct of any election for the purposes herein indicated the Board shall designate who may participate in the election and establish the rules to govern the election, or may appoint a committee of three neutral persons who after hearing shall within ten days designate the employees who may participate in the election. In any such election for which there are 3 or more options (including the option of not being represented by any labor organization) on the ballot and no such option receives a majority of the valid votes cast, the Mediation Board shall arrange for a second election between the options receiving the largest and the second largest number of votes. The Board shall have access to and have power to make copies of the books and records of the carriers to obtain and utilize such information as may be deemed necessary by it to carry out the purposes and provisions of this paragraph. Tenth. Violations; prosecution and penalties The willful failure or refusal of any carrier, its officers or agents, to comply with the terms of the third, fourth, fifth, seventh, or eighth paragraph of this section shall be a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof the carrier, officer, or agent offending shall be subject to a fine of not less than $1,000, nor more than $20,000, or imprisonment for not more than six months, or both fine and imprisonment, for each offense, and each day during which such carrier, officer, or agent shall willfully fail or refuse to comply with the terms of the said paragraphs of this section shall constitute a separate offense. It shall be the duty of any United States attorney to whom any duly designated representative of a carrier's employees may apply to institute in the proper court and to prosecute under the direction of the Attorney General of the United States, all necessary proceedings for the enforcement of the provisions of this section, and for the punishment of all violations thereof and the costs and expenses of such prosecution shall be paid out of the appropriation for the expenses of the courts of the United States: Provided, That nothing in this chapter shall be construed to require an individual employee to render labor or service without his consent, nor shall anything in this chapter be construed to make the quitting of his labor by an individual employee an illegal act; nor shall any court issue any process to compel the performance by an individual employee of such labor or service, without his consent. Eleventh. Union security agreements; check-off Notwithstanding any other provisions of this chapter, or of any other statute or law of the United States, or Territory thereof, or of any State, any carrier or carriers as defined in this chapter and a labor organization or labor organizations duly designated and authorized to represent employees in accordance with the requirements of this chapter shall be permitted-

4. §153 — National Railroad Adjustment Board First. Establishment; composition; powers and duties; divisions; hearings and awards; judicial review There is established a Board, to be known as the "National Railroad Adjustment Board", the members of which shall be selected within thirty days after June 21, 1934, and it is provided-

Title 46

1. §30101 — Extension of jurisdiction to cases of damage or injury on land

2. §30104 — Personal injury to or death of seamen

3. §30105 — Restriction on recovery by non-citizens and non-resident aliens for incidents in waters of other countries

4. §30301 — Short title This chapter may be cited as the "Death on the High Seas Act". ( Pub. L. 109–304, §6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1511 .)

5. §30701 — Definition In this chapter, the term "carrier" means the owner, manager, charterer, agent, or master of a vessel. ( Pub. L. 109–304, §6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1516 .)

6. §40101 — Purposes The purposes of this part are to-

7. §40102 — Definitions In this part:

8. §50504 — Sailing school vessels

Title 47

1. §151 — Purposes of chapter; Federal Communications Commission created For the purpose of regulating interstate and foreign commerce in communication by wire and radio so as to make available, so far as possible, to all the people of the United States, without discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex, a rapid, efficient, Nation-wide, and world-wide wire and radio communication service with adequate facilities at reasonable charges, for the purpose of the national defense, for the purpose of promoting safety of life and property through the use of wire and radio communications, and for the purpose of securing a more effective execution of this policy by centralizing authority heretofore granted by law to several agencies and by granting additional authority with respect to interstate and foreign commerce in wire and radio communication, there is created a commission to be known as the "Federal Communications Commission", which shall be constituted as hereinafter provided, and which shall execute and enforce the provisions of this chapter. (June 19, 1934, ch. 652, title I, §1, 48 Stat. 1064 ; May 20, 1937, ch. 229, §1, 50 Stat. 189 ; Pub. L. 104–104, title I, §104, Feb. 8, 1996, 110 Stat. 86 .)

2. §152 — Application of chapter

3. §154 — Federal Communications Commission

4. §201 — Service and charges

5. §223 — Obscene or harassing telephone calls in the District of Columbia or in interstate or foreign communications

6. §227 — Restrictions on use of telephone equipment

7. §230 — Protection for private blocking and screening of offensive material

8. §231 — Restriction of access by minors to materials commercially distributed by means of World Wide Web that are harmful to minors

9. §251 — Interconnection

10. §252 — Procedures for negotiation, arbitration, and approval of agreements

11. §253 — Removal of barriers to entry

12. §271 — Bell operating company entry into interLATA services

13. §303 — Powers and duties of Commission Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the Commission from time to time, as public convenience, interest, or necessity requires, shall-

14. §332 — Mobile services

15. §402 — Judicial review of Commission's orders and decisions

Title 48

1. §1424 — District Court of Guam; local courts; jurisdiction

Title 49

1. §1302 — Functions Except as otherwise provided in the ICC Termination Act of 1995, or the amendments made thereby, the Board shall perform all functions that, immediately before January 1, 1996, were functions of the Interstate Commerce Commission or were performed by any officer or employee of the Interstate Commerce Commission in the capacity as such officer or employee. (Added Pub. L. 104–88, title II, §201(a), Dec. 29, 1995, 109 Stat. 933 , §702; amended Pub. L. 104–287, §5(6), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3389 ; renumbered §1302, Pub. L. 114–110, §3(a)(3), Dec. 18, 2015, 129 Stat. 2228 .)

2. §5125 — Preemption

3. §10502 — Authority to exempt rail carrier transportation

4. §10701 — Standards for rates, classifications, through routes, rules, and practices

5. §10709 — Contracts

6. §11501 — Tax discrimination against rail transportation property

7. §11706 — Liability of rail carriers under receipts and bills of lading

8. §13521 — General jurisdiction

9. §30101 — Purpose and policy The purpose of this chapter is to reduce traffic accidents and deaths and injuries resulting from traffic accidents. Therefore it is necessary-

10. §30103 — Relationship to other laws

11. §32710 — Civil actions by private persons

12. §46502 — Aircraft piracy

Title 50

1. §402 — Transferred

2. §421 — Transferred

3. §1701 — Unusual and extraordinary threat; declaration of national emergency; exercise of Presidential authorities

Title 51

1. §20112 — Functions of the Administration

Title 52

1. §10101 — Voting rights

2. §10102 — Interference with freedom of elections

3. §10301 — Denial or abridgement of right to vote on account of race or color through voting qualifications or prerequisites; establishment of violation

4. §10302 — Proceeding to enforce the right to vote

5. §10302 — Section 1973d of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–246, § 3(c) , July 27, 2006 , 120 Stat. 580 .

6. §10303 — Suspension of the use of tests or devices in determining eligibility to vote

7. §10304 — Alteration of voting qualifications; procedure and appeal; purpose or effect of diminishing the ability of citizens to elect their preferred candidates

8. §10305 — Use of observers

9. §10306 — Poll taxes

10. §10307 — Prohibited acts

11. §10308 — Civil and criminal sanctions

12. §10308 — Section 1973e of title 42 , referred to in subsec. (d), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–246, § 3(c) , July 27, 2006 , 120 Stat. 580 .

13. §10309 — Termination of assignment of observers

14. §10310 — Enforcement proceedings

15. §10311 — Impairment of voting rights of persons holding current registration

16. §10312 — Authorization of appropriations

17. §10313 — Separability

18. §10314 — Construction

19. §10501 — Application of prohibition to other States; “test or device” defined

20. §10502 — Residence requirements for voting

21. §10503 — Bilingual election requirements

22. §10504 — Judicial relief; civil actions by the Attorney General; three-judge district court; appeal to Supreme Court

23. §10504 — Section 1393 of title 28 , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 100–702, title X, § 1001(a) , Nov. 19, 1988 , 102 Stat. 4664 .

24. §10505 — Penalty

25. §10506 — Separability

26. §10507 — Survey to compile registration and voting statistics

27. §10508 — Voting assistance for blind, disabled or illiterate persons

28. §10701 — Enforcement of twenty-sixth amendment

29. §10702 — “State” defined

30. §20101 — Congressional declaration of purpose

31. §20102 — Selection of polling facilities

32. §20103 — Selection of registration facilities

33. §20104 — Registration and voting aids

34. §20105 — Enforcement

35. §20106 — Relationship to Voting Rights Act of 1965

36. §20107 — Definitions

37. §20301 — Federal responsibilities

38. §20301 — Section 1. The Secretary of Defense is hereby designated as the “Presidential designee” under Title I of the Act [ 52 U.S.C. 20301 et seq.].

39. § 20301a. Duties of Secretary under Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act

40. §20302 — State responsibilities

41. §20303 — Federal write-in absentee ballot in general elections for Federal office for absent uniformed services voters and overseas voters

42. §20304 — Procedures for collection and delivery of marked absentee ballots of absent overseas uniformed services voters

43. §20305 — Federal Voting Assistance Program Improvements

44. §20306 — Prohibition of refusal of applications on grounds of early submission

45. §20307 — Enforcement

46. §20308 — Reporting requirements

47. §20309 — Effect on certain other laws

48. §20310 — Definitions

49. §20311 — Technology pilot program

50. §20501 — Findings and purposes

51. §20502 — Definitions

52. §20503 — National procedures for voter registration for elections for Federal office

53. §20503 — Section 116(b) of H.R. 2076, One Hundred Fourth Congress, as passed by the House of Representatives on Dec. 6, 1995 , and as enacted into law by Pub. L. 104–91, title I, § 101(a) , Jan. 6, 1996 , 110 Stat. 11 , as amended by Pub. L. 104–99, title II, § 211 , Jan. 26, 1996 , 110 Stat. 37 , provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect as if included in the provisions of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 [ Pub. L. 103–31 , see Tables for classification].”

54. §20504 — Simultaneous application for voter registration and application for motor vehicle driver’s license

55. §20505 — Mail registration

56. §20506 — Section 1. Assistance to States . To the greatest extent practicable, departments, agencies, and other entities of the executive branch of the Federal Government that provide, in whole or in part, funding, grants, or assistance for, or with respect to the administration of, any program of public assistance or services to persons with disabilities within the meaning of section 7(a) of the Act shall: (a) provide, to State agencies administering any such program, guidance for the implementation of the requirements of section 7 of the Act, including guidance for use and distribution of voter registration forms in connection with applications for service;

57. §20506 — Voter registration agencies

58. §20507 — Requirements with respect to administration of voter registration

59. §20508 — Federal coordination and regulations

60. §20509 — Designation of chief State election official

61. §20510 — Civil enforcement and private right of action

62. §20511 — Criminal penalties

63. §20701 — Retention and preservation of records and papers by officers of elections; deposit with custodian; penalty for violation

64. §20702 — Theft, destruction, concealment, mutilation, or alteration of records or papers; penalties

65. §20703 — Demand for records or papers by Attorney General or representative; statement of basis and purpose

66. §20704 — Disclosure of records or papers

67. §20705 — Jurisdiction to compel production of records or papers

68. §20706 — “Officer of election” defined

69. §20901 — Payments to States for activities to improve administration of elections

70. §20902 — Replacement of punch card or lever voting machines

71. §20903 — Guaranteed minimum payment amount

72. §20904 — Authorization of appropriations

73. §20905 — Administration of programs

74. §20906 — Effective date

75. §20921 — Establishment

76. §20922 — Duties

77. §20923 — Membership and appointment

78. §20924 — Staff

79. §20925 — Powers

80. §20926 — Dissemination of information

81. §20927 — Annual report

82. §20928 — Requiring majority approval for actions

83. §20929 — Limitation on rulemaking authority

84. §20930 — Authorization of appropriations

85. §20941 — Establishment

86. §20942 — Duties

87. §20943 — Membership of Standards Board

88. §20944 — Membership of Board of Advisors

89. §20945 — Powers of Boards; no compensation for service

90. §20946 — Status of Boards and members for purposes of claims against Board

91. §20961 — Technical Guidelines Development Committee

92. §20962 — Process for adoption

93. §20971 — Certification and testing of voting systems

94. §20981 — Periodic studies of election administration issues

95. §20982 — Study, report, and recommendations on best practices for facilitating military and overseas voting

96. §20983 — Report on human factor research

97. §20984 — Study and report on voters who register by mail and use of Social Security information

98. §20985 — Study and report on electronic voting and the electoral process

99. §20986 — Study and report on free absentee ballot postage

100. §20987 — Consultation with Standards Board and Board of Advisors

101. §21001 — Requirements payments

102. §21002 — Allocation of funds

103. §21003 — Condition for receipt of funds

104. §21003 — Section 253(b) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to subsec. (b) of this section.

105. §21004 — State plan

106. §21005 — Process for development and filing of plan; publication by Commission

107. §21006 — Requirement for public notice and comment

108. §21006 — Section 21001(a)(1)(C) of this title , referred to in text, probably should be a reference to section 21003(b)(1)(C) of this title because there is no subsec. (a)(1)(C) in section 21001 and subsec. (b)(1)(C) of section 21003 relates to public notice and comment requirements of section 21006 of this title .

109. §21007 — Authorization of appropriations

110. §21008 — Reports

111. §21021 — Payments to States and units of local government to assure access for individuals with disabilities

112. §21022 — Amount of payment

113. §21023 — Requirements for eligibility

114. §21024 — Authorization of appropriations

115. §21025 — Reports

116. §21041 — Grants for research on voting technology improvements

117. §21042 — Report

118. §21043 — Authorization of appropriations

119. §21051 — Pilot program

120. §21052 — Report

121. §21053 — Authorization of appropriations

122. §21061 — Payments for protection and advocacy systems

123. §21062 — Authorization of appropriations

124. §21071 — National Student and Parent Mock Election

125. §21072 — Authorization of appropriations

126. §21081 — Voting systems standards

127. §21082 — Provisional voting and voting information requirements

128. §21083 — Computerized statewide voter registration list requirements and requirements for voters who register by mail

129. §21083 — Section 7 of the Privacy Act of 1974, referred to in subsecs. (a)(5)(D) and (c), is section 7 of Pub. L. 93–579 , which is set out as a note under section 552a of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees.

130. § 21083a. Access for congressional election observers

131. §21084 — Minimum requirements

132. §21085 — Methods of implementation left to discretion of State

133. §21101 — Adoption of voluntary guidance by Commission

134. §21102 — Process for adoption

135. §21111 — Actions by the Attorney General for declaratory and injunctive relief

136. §21112 — Establishment of State-based administrative complaint procedures to remedy grievances

137. §21121 — Establishment of program

138. §21122 — Activities under Program

139. §21123 — Authorization of appropriations

140. §21131 — Transfer of functions of Office of Election Administration of Federal Election Commission

141. §21132 — Transfer of functions

142. §21133 — Transfer of property, records, and personnel

143. §21134 — Effective date; transition

144. §21141 — “State” defined

145. §21142 — Audits and repayment of funds

146. §21143 — Review and report on adequacy of existing electoral fraud statutes and penalties

147. §21144 — Other criminal penalties

148. §21145 — No effect on other laws

149. §30101 — Definitions

150. §30102 — Organization of political committees

151. §30103 — Registration of political committees

152. §30104 — Reporting requirements

153. §30105 — Reports on convention financing

154. §30106 — Federal Election Commission

155. §30107 — Powers of Commission

156. §30108 — Advisory opinions

157. §30109 — Enforcement

158. §30110 — Judicial review

159. §30111 — Administrative provisions

160. §30111 — Section 3512 of title 44 , referred to in subsec. (c), which related to requirements for the collection of information by independent Federal regulatory agencies, was a part of chapter 35 of Title 44, Public Printing and Documents. Chapter 35 was amended generally by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 ( Pub. L. 96–511 ) and subsequently by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 ( Pub. L. 104–13 ).

161. §30112 — Maintenance of website of election reports

162. §30113 — Statements filed with State officers; “appropriate State” defined; duties of State officers; waiver of duplicate filing requirement for States with electronic access

163. §30114 — Use of contributed amounts for certain purposes

164. §30115 — Authorization of appropriations

165. §30115 — Section 30111(a)(10) of this title , referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 107–252, title VIII, § 801(b)(3) , Oct. 29, 2002 , 116 Stat. 1726 .

166. §30116 — Limitations on contributions and expenditures

167. §30117 — Modification of certain limits for House candidates in response to personal fund expenditures of opponents

168. §30118 — Contributions or expenditures by national banks, corporations, or labor organizations

169. §30118 — Section 79 l of title 15, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–58, title XII, § 1263 , Aug. 8, 2005 , 119 Stat. 974 .

170. §30119 — Contributions by Government contractors

171. §30119 — Section 30118 of this title , referred to in subsecs. (b) and (c), was in the original “section 321” meaning section 321 of Pub. L. 92–225 which is classified to section 30123 of this title . In view of the renumbering of section 321 as section 316 by section 105(5) of Pub. L. 96–187 , the reference has been translated as reading “section 316” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

172. §30120 — Publication and distribution of statements and solicitations

173. §30121 — Contributions and donations by foreign nationals

174. §30122 — Contributions in name of another prohibited

175. §30123 — Limitation on contribution of currency

176. §30124 — Fraudulent misrepresentation of campaign authority

177. §30125 — Soft money of political parties

178. §30126 — Prohibition of contributions by minors

179. §30141 — Extension of credit by regulated industries; regulations

180. §30141 — Subpart II of part A of subtitle VII of title 49, referred to in text, is set out in section 41101 et seq. of Title 49, Transportation.

181. §30142 — Prohibition against use of certain Federal funds for election activities

182. §30143 — State laws affected

183. §30144 — Partial invalidity

184. §30145 — Period of limitations

185. §30146 — Collection and use of conference fees

Title 54

1. §100101 — Promotion and regulation

2. §100102 — Definitions

3. §100301 — Establishment

4. §100302 — Directors and other employees

5. §100303 — Effect on other laws

6. §100501 — Areas included in System

7. §100502 — General management plans

8. §100503 — Five-year strategic plans

9. §100504 — Study and planning of park, parkway, and recreational-area facilities

10. §100505 — Periodic review of System

11. §100506 — Boundary changes to System units

12. §100507 — Additional areas for System

13. §100701 — Protection, interpretation, and research in System

14. §100702 — Research mandate

15. §100703 — Cooperative study units

16. §100704 — Inventory and monitoring program

17. §100705 — Availability of System units for scientific study

18. §100706 — Integration of study results into management decisions

19. §100707 — Confidentiality of information

20. §100721 — Definitions

21. §100722 — Liability

22. §100723 — Actions

23. §100724 — Section 4(d) of the Act of July 27, 1990 ( Public Law 101–337 , 104 Stat. 380 ), is omitted as obsolete. See section 3003 of the Federal Reports Elimination and Sunset Act of 1995 (Public Land 104–66, 31 U.S.C. 1113 note) and page 111 of House Document No. 103–7.

24. §100724 — Use of recovered amounts

25. §100725 — Donations

26. §100731 — Findings and declaration

27. §100732 — Preservation and management of System units by Secretary; promulgation of regulations

28. §100733 — Recordation of mining claims; publication of notice

29. §100734 — Report on finding or notification of potential damage to natural and historical landmarks

30. §100735 — Civil actions for just compensation by mining claim holders

31. §100736 — Acquisition of land by Secretary

32. §100737 — Financial disclosure by officer or employee of Secretary

33. §100751 — Regulations

34. §100752 — Destruction of animals and plant life

35. §100753 — Disposal of timber

36. §100754 — Relinquishment of legislative jurisdiction

37. §100755 — Applicability of other laws

38. §100801 — Definitions

39. §100802 — Interpretation and education authority

40. §100803 — Interpretation and education evaluation and quality improvement

41. §100804 — Improved use of partners and volunteers in interpretation and education

42. §100901 — Authority of Secretary to carry out certain activities

43. §100902 — Rights of way for public utilities and power and communication facilities

44. §100903 — Solid waste disposal operations

45. §100904 — Admission and special recreation use fees

46. §100904 — Section 107 of the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is section 107 of Pub. L. 105–83 , title I, Nov. 14, 1997 , 111 Stat. 1561 , which was set out as a note under former section 460 l –6a of Title 16, Conservation.

47. §100905 — Filming and still photography in System units

48. §100905 — Section 3 of the EXPLORE Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(5)(H), probably should be a reference to section 2 of the EXPLORE Act, Pub. L. 118–234 , which is classified to section 8401 of Title 16 , Conservation. Pub. L. 118–234 does not contain a section 3. “State” is defined in section 8401(9) of this title .

49. §100906 — Advisory committees

50. §100906 — Section 1013(b) of title 5 is waived with respect to any advisory commission or advisory committee established by law in connection with any System unit during the period for which the commission or committee is authorized by law.

51. §101101 — Authority to accept land, rights-of-way, buildings, other property, and money

52. §101102 — Authority to accept and use funds to consolidate Federal land ownership

53. §101111 — Purpose and establishment of Foundation

54. §101112 — Board

55. §101113 — Gifts, devises, or bequests

56. §101114 — Disposition of property or income

57. §101115 — Corporate succession and powers and duties acting as trustee; personal liability for malfeasance

58. §101116 — Corporate powers

59. §101117 — Authority of Board

60. §101118 — Tax exemptions; contributions toward costs of local government; contributions, gifts, or transfers to or for use of United States

61. §101119 — Liability of United States

62. §101120 — Promotion of local fundraising support

63. §101121 — Second Century Endowment for the National Park Service

64. §101121 — Section 805(b)(1) of the Federal Lands Recreational Enhancement Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A), probably means section 805(b)(1) of the Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Act, which is section 805(b)(1) of Pub. L. 108–447 , div. J, title VIII, Dec. 8, 2004 , 118 Stat. 3385 , and is classified to section 6804(b)(1) of Title 16 , Conservation.

65. §101122 — Authorization of appropriations; use of funds

66. §101301 — Maintenance management system

67. §101302 — Authority of Secretary to carry out certain activities

68. §101303 — Medical attention for employees

69. §101304 — Personal equipment and property

70. §101305 — Travel expenses of System employees and dependents of deceased employees

71. §101321 — Service employee training

72. §101322 — Management development and training

73. §101331 — Definitions

74. §101332 — General authority of Secretary

75. §101333 — Criteria for providing housing

76. §101334 — Authorization for housing agreements

77. §101335 — Housing programs

78. §101336 — Contracts for the management of field employee quarters

79. §101337 — Leasing of seasonal employee quarters

80. §101338 — General leasing provisions

81. §101338 — Section 102901 of this title and section 1302 of title 40 shall not apply to leases issued by the Secretary under this section.

82. §101339 — Assessment and priority listing

83. §101340 — Use of funds

84. §101501 — Airports in or near System units

85. §101511 — Authority of Secretary

86. §101512 — Conveyance to States of roads leading to certain historical areas

87. §101521 — Transportation service and facility programs

88. §101522 — Transportation projects

89. §101523 — Procedures applicable to transportation plans and projects

90. §101524 — Special rule for service contract to provide transportation services

91. §101531 — Fee for use of transportation services

92. §101701 — Challenge cost-share agreement authority

93. §101702 — Cooperative agreements

94. §101703 — Cooperative management agreements

95. §101704 — Reimbursable agreements

96. §101901 — Utility services

97. §101911 — Definitions

98. §101912 — Findings and declaration of policy

99. §101913 — Award of concession contracts

100. §101914 — Term of concession contracts

101. §101915 — Protection of concessioner investment

102. §101916 — Reasonableness of rates and charges

103. §101917 — Franchise fees

104. §101918 — Transfer or conveyance of concession contracts or leasehold surrender interests

105. §101919 — National Park Service Concessions Management Advisory Board

106. §101920 — Contracting for services

107. §101921 — Multiple contracts within a System unit

108. §101922 — Section 1302 of title 40 shall not apply to concession contracts awarded by the Secretary pursuant to this subchapter.

109. §101922 — Use of nonmonetary consideration in concession contracts

110. §101923 — Recordkeeping requirements

111. §101924 — Promotion of sale of Indian, Alaska Native, Native Samoan, and Native Hawaiian handicrafts

112. §101925 — Commercial use authorizations

113. §101926 — Regulations

114. §101931 — Contract authority

115. §101932 — Award of commercial services contracts

116. §101933 — Term of commercial services contracts

117. §101934 — Capital improvements

118. §101935 — Financial management

119. §101936 — Regulations

120. §101937 — Savings provision

121. §101938 — Sunset

122. §102101 — General provisions

123. §102102 — Authority of Secretary to enter into lease for buildings and associated property

124. §102301 — Volunteers in parks program

125. §102302 — National Capital region arts and cultural affairs

126. §102303 — Chapter 10 of title 5, with the exception of section 1013(b), applies to the Board.

127. §102303 — National Park System Advisory Board

128. §102304 — National Park Service Advisory Council

129. §102501 — Purpose

130. §102502 — Definition of museum object

131. §102503 — Authority of Secretary

132. §102504 — Review and approval

133. §102701 — Law enforcement personnel within System

134. §102702 — Crime prevention assistance

135. §102711 — Authority of Secretary to use applicable appropriations for the System to render assistance to nearby law enforcement and fire prevention agencies and for related activities outside the System

136. §102712 — Aid to visitors, grantees, permittees, or licensees in emergencies

137. §102901 — Conveyance of property and interests in property in System units or related areas

138. §103101 — Availability and use of appropriations

139. §103102 — Appropriations authorized and available for certain purposes

140. §103103 — Amounts provided by private entities for utility services

141. §103104 — Recovery of costs associated with special use permits

142. §103301 — Military maneuvers

143. §103302 — Camps for military instruction

144. §103303 — Performance of duties of commissions

145. §103303 — Section 103303 is substituted for 16 U.S.C. 421 to eliminate obsolete words because there no longer are park commissioners for the national military parks. The references to the Secretary of the Army are changed to the Secretary the Interior because the administrative functions of certain national military parks were transferred to the Department of the Interior by section 2 of Executive Order No. 6166, June 10, 1933 , and section 1 of Executive Order No. 6228, July 28, 1933 , set out as a note under section 901 of Title 5 , Government Organization and Employees. References to the National Park Service were substituted for references to the Office of National Parks, Buildings, and Reservations in section 2 of Executive Order No. 6166 because of the last paragraph under the heading “ OFFICE OF NATIONAL PARKS, BUILDINGS, AND RESERVATIONS ” in section 1 of the Act of March 2, 1934 (ch. 38, 48 Stat. 389 ).

146. §103304 — Recovery of land withheld

147. §103305 — Travel expenses incident to study of battlefields

148. §103306 — Studies

149. §103501 — Establishment

150. §103501 — Section 805(b)(1) of the Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to section 6804(b)(1) of Title 16 , Conservation.

151. §103502 — Signature projects and programs

152. §103503 — Summary to Congress

153. §104901 — Central warehouses at System units

154. §104902 — Services or other accommodations for public

155. §104903 — Care, removal, and burial of indigents

156. §104904 — Hire of work animals, vehicles, and equipment with or without personal services

157. §104905 — Preparation of mats for reproduction of photographs

158. §104906 — Protection of right of individuals to bear arms

159. §104907 — Limitation on extension or establishment of national parks in Wyoming

160. §104908 — Bows in parks

161. §104909 — Wildlife management in parks

162. §120101 — Definition of National Heritage Area

163. §120102 — Establishment of National Heritage Area System

164. §120103 — National Heritage Area studies and designation

165. §120104 — Evaluation

166. §200101 — Findings and declaration of policy

167. §200101 — Section 1. Establishment.

168. §200102 — Definitions

169. §200103 — Authority of Secretary to carry out certain functions and activities

170. §200104 — Federal interagency council on outdoor recreation 1 1 So in original. Probably should be capitalized as “Federal Interagency Council on Outdoor Recreation”.

171. §200104 — Section 708 of title VII of division E of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), is section 708 of Pub. L. 117–328 , div. E, title VII, Dec. 29, 2022 , 136 Stat. 4706 , which is not classified to the Code.

172. §200301 — Definitions

173. §200302 — Establishment of Land and Water Conservation Fund

174. §200302 — Section 1. Designation of areas for 1965 . (a) All areas administered by the National Park Service, Bureau of Land Management, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Bureau of Reclamation, Forest Service, Corps of Engineers, Tennessee Valley Authority, and the United States Section of the International Boundary and Water Commission (United States and Mexico), at which entrance, admission, or other recreation user fees (hereafter in this order referred to as “recreation user fees”) were collected directly by those Federal agencies during any part of 1964 are hereby designated, pursuant to Section 2(a) of the Act [former 16 U.S.C. 460 l –5(a)], as areas at which recreation user fees shall be charged during 1965.

175. §200303 — Availability of funds

176. §200303 — Sec. 2. (a) Nothing in this memorandum shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

177. §200303 — Section 1. The Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture are hereby authorized to submit, for their respective agencies:

178. §200303 — Section 105 of the Gulf of Mexico Energy Security Act of 2006, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 105 of title I of div. C of Pub. L. 109–432 , which is set out in a note under section 1331 of Title 43 , Public Lands.

179. §200304 — Section 105(a)(2)(B) of the Gulf of Mexico Energy Security Act of 2006, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 105(a)(2)(B) of title I of div. C of Pub. L. 109–432 , which is set out in a note under section 1331 of Title 43 , Public Lands.

180. §200304 — Statement of estimated requirements

181. §200305 — Financial assistance to States

182. §200306 — Allocation of Fund amounts for Federal purposes

183. §200307 — Availability of Fund amounts for publicity purposes

184. §200308 — Contracts for acquisition of land and water

185. §200309 — Contracts for options to acquire land and water in System

186. §200310 — Transfers to and from Fund

187. §200401 — Definitions

188. §200402 — National Parks and Public Land Legacy Restoration Fund

189. §200501 — Definitions

190. §200502 — Federal assistance

191. §200503 — Rehabilitation grants and innovation grants

192. §200504 — Recovery action programs

193. §200505 — State action

194. §200506 — Non-Federal share of project costs

195. §200507 — Conversion of recreation property

196. §200508 — Coordination of program

197. §200509 — Recordkeeping

198. §200510 — Inapplicability of matching provisions

199. §200511 — Funding limitations

200. §300101 — Policy

201. §300101 — Section 1. Policy . The Federal Government shall provide leadership in preserving, restoring and maintaining the historic and cultural environment of the Nation. Agencies of the executive branch of the Government (hereinafter referred to as “Federal agencies”) shall (1) administer the cultural properties under their control in a spirit of stewardship and trusteeship for future generations, (2) initiate measures necessary to direct their policies, plans and programs in such a way that federally owned sites, structures, and objects of historical, architectural or archaeological significance are preserved, restored and maintained for the inspiration and benefit of the people, and (3), in consultation with the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation ([former] 16 U.S.C. 470i [see 54 U.S.C. 304101 ]), institute procedures to assure that Federal plans and programs contribute to the preservation and enhancement of non-federally owned sites, structures and objects of historical, architectural or archaeological significance.

202. §300301 — Agency

203. §300302 — Certified local government

204. §300303 — Council

205. §300304 — Cultural park

206. §300305 — Historic conservation district

207. §300306 — Historic Preservation Fund

208. §300307 — Historic preservation review commission

209. §300308 — Historic property

210. §300309 — Indian tribe

211. §300310 — Local government

212. §300311 — National Register

213. §300312 — National Trust

214. §300313 — Native Hawaiian

215. §300314 — Native Hawaiian organization

216. §300315 — Preservation or historic preservation

217. §300316 — Secretary

218. §300317 — State

219. §300318 — State historic preservation review board

220. §300319 — Tribal land

221. §300320 — Undertaking

222. §300321 — World Heritage Convention

223. §302101 — Maintenance by Secretary

224. §302102 — Inclusion of properties on National Register

225. §302103 — Criteria and regulations relating to National Register, National Historic Landmarks, and World Heritage List

226. §302104 — Nominations for inclusion on National Register

227. §302105 — Owner participation in nomination process

228. §302106 — Retention of name

229. §302107 — Regulations

230. §302108 — Review of threats to historic property

231. §302301 — Regulations

232. §302302 — Program evaluation

233. §302303 — Responsibilities of State Historic Preservation Officer

234. §302304 — Contracts and cooperative agreements

235. §302501 — Definitions

236. §302502 — Certification as part of State program

237. §302503 — Requirements for certification

238. §302504 — Participation of certified local governments in National Register nominations

239. §302505 — Eligibility and responsibility of certified local government

240. §302701 — Program to assist Indian tribes in preserving historic property

241. §302702 — Indian tribe to assume functions of State Historic Preservation Officer

242. §302703 — Apportionment of grant funds

243. §302704 — Contracts and cooperative agreements

244. §302705 — Agreement for review under tribal historic preservation regulations

245. §302706 — Eligibility for inclusion on National Register

246. §302901 — Awarding of grants and availability of grant funds

247. §302902 — Grants to States

248. §302903 — Grants to National Trust

249. §302904 — Direct grants for the preservation of properties included on National Register

250. §302905 — Religious property

251. §302906 — Grants and loans to Indian tribes and nonprofit organizations representing ethnic or minority groups

252. §302907 — Grants to Indian tribes and Native Hawaiian organizations

253. §302908 — Grants to the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau

254. §302909 — Prohibited use of grant amounts

255. §302910 — Recordkeeping

256. §303101 — Establishment

257. §303102 — Funding

258. §303103 — Use and availability

259. §303901 — Loan insurance program for preservation of property included on National Register

260. §303902 — Training in, and dissemination of information concerning, professional methods and techniques for preservation of historic property

261. §303903 — Preservation education and training program

262. §304101 — Establishment; vacancies

263. §304102 — Duties of Council

264. §304103 — Cooperation between Council and instrumentalities of executive branch of Federal Government

265. §304104 — Compensation of members of Council

266. §304105 — Administration

267. §304105 — Section 207 of the National Historic Preservation Act, referred to in subsec. (h), is section 207 of Pub. L. 89–665 , as added Pub. L. 94–422, title II, § 201(9) , Sept. 28, 1976 , 90 Stat. 1322 , which related to transfer of personnel and property by Department of the Interior to Advisory Council on Historic Preservation and was classified to section 470 o of Title 16, Conservation, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 113–287, § 7 , Dec. 19, 2014 , 128 Stat. 3272 .

268. §304106 — International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property

269. §304107 — Transmittal of legislative recommendations, testimony, or comments to any officer or agency of the United States prior to submission to Congress

270. §304108 — Regulations, procedures, and guidelines

271. §304109 — Budget submission

272. §304110 — Report by Secretary to Council

273. §304111 — Reimbursements from State and local agencies

274. §304112 — Effectiveness of Federal grant and assistance programs

275. §305101 — Definitions

276. §305102 — Duties of Secretary in providing a national historic light station program

277. §305103 — Section 416(d) of the Coast Guard Authorization Act of 1998, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), which was formerly set out as a note under section 93 of Title 14 , Coast Guard, was transferred and is now set out as a note under section 504 of Title 14 .

278. §305103 — Selection of eligible entity and conveyance of historic light stations

279. §305104 — Section 83 of title 14 , referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 542 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 105(b) , Dec. 4, 2018 , 132 Stat. 4200 , and references to section 83 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282 , set out as a References to Redesignated Sections of Title 14 note preceding section 101 of Title 14 , Coast Guard.

280. §305104 — Terms of conveyance

281. §305105 — Description of property

282. §305106 — Historic light station sales

283. §305301 — Definitions

284. §305302 — National Center for Preservation Technology and Training

285. §305303 — Preservation Technology and Training Board

286. §305304 — Preservation grants

287. §305305 — General provisions

288. §305306 — Service preservation centers and offices

289. §305501 — Definitions

290. §305502 — Cooperative agreement to operate museum

291. §305503 — Activities and functions

292. §305504 — Matching grants to Committee

293. §305505 — Annual report

294. §306101 — Assumption of responsibility for preservation of historic property

295. §306101 — Section 1. Statement of Policy . It is the policy of the Federal Government to provide leadership in preserving America’s heritage by actively advancing the protection, enhancement, and contemporary use of the historic properties owned by the Federal Government, and by promoting intergovernmental cooperation and partnerships for the preservation and use of historic properties. The Federal Government shall recognize and manage the historic properties in its ownership as assets that can support department and agency missions while contributing to the vitality and economic well-being of the Nation’s communities and fostering a broader appreciation for the development of the United States and its underlying values. Where consistent with executive branch department and agency missions, governing law, applicable preservation standards, and where appropriate, executive branch departments and agencies (“agency” or “agencies”) shall advance this policy through the protection and continued use of the historic properties owned by the Federal Government, and by pursuing partnerships with State and local governments, Indian tribes, and the private sector to promote the preservation of the unique cultural heritage of communities and of the Nation and to realize the economic benefit that these properties can provide. Agencies shall maximize efforts to integrate the policies, procedures, and practices of the NHPA and this order into their program activities in order to efficiently and effectively advance historic preservation objectives in the pursuit of their missions.

296. §306102 — Preservation program

297. §306103 — Recordation of historic property prior to alteration or demolition

298. §306104 — Agency Preservation Officer

299. §306105 — Agency programs and projects

300. §306106 — Review of plans of transferees of surplus federally owned historic property

301. §306107 — Planning and actions to minimize harm to National Historic Landmarks

302. §306108 — Effect of undertaking on historic property

303. §306109 — Costs of preservation as eligible project costs

304. §306110 — Annual preservation awards program

305. §306111 — Environmental impact statement

306. §306112 — Waiver of provisions in event of natural disaster or imminent threat to national security

307. §306113 — Anticipatory demolition

308. §306114 — Documentation of decisions respecting undertakings

309. §306121 — Lease or exchange

310. §306122 — Contracts for management of historic property

311. §306131 — Standards and guidelines

312. §307101 — World Heritage Convention

313. §307102 — Effective date of regulations

314. §307103 — Access to information

315. §307104 — Inapplicability of division to White House, Supreme Court building, or United States Capitol

316. §307105 — Attorney’s fees and costs to prevailing parties in civil actions

317. §307106 — Authorization for expenditure of appropriated funds

318. §307107 — Donations and bequests of money, personal property, and less than fee interests in historic property

319. §307108 — Privately donated funds

320. §308101 — Definitions

321. §308102 — Preservation assistance

322. §308103 — Battlefield acquisition grant program

323. §308104 — Battlefield interpretation modernization grant program

324. §308105 — Battlefield restoration grant program

325. §308106 — Updates and improvements to Battlefield Reports

326. §308301 — Definition

327. §308302 — Program

328. §308303 — Preservation and interpretation of Underground Railroad history, historic sites, and structures

329. §308304 — Authorization of appropriations

330. §308401 — Definition of network 1 1 So in original. Probably should be capitalized.

331. §308402 — African American Civil Rights Network

332. §308403 — Cooperative agreements and memoranda of understanding

333. §308404 — Sunset

334. §308501 — National women’s rights history project national registry

335. §308502 — National women’s rights history project partnerships network

336. §308601 — Definitions

337. §308602 — United States African-American Burial Grounds Preservation Program

338. §308603 — Authority to make grants

339. §308604 — Cooperative agreements and memoranda of understanding

340. §308605 — Private property protection

341. §308701 — Policy

342. §308702 — Definitions

343. §308703 — National Maritime Heritage Grants Program

344. §308704 — Funding

345. §308705 — Designation of America’s National Maritime Museum

346. §308706 — Regulations

347. §308707 — Applicability of other authorities

348. §308901 — Definitions

349. §308902 — Establishment

350. §308903 — Grants

351. §308904 — Guidelines and regulations

352. §308905 — Authorization of appropriations

353. §309101 — Sites and structures that commemorate former Presidents

354. §311101 — Definitions

355. §311102 — Establishment

356. §311103 — Designation of Preserve America Communities

357. §311104 — Regulations

358. §311105 — Authorization of appropriations

359. §312101 — Definitions

360. §312102 — Establishment and purposes

361. §312103 — Principal office

362. §312104 — Board of trustees

363. §312105 — Powers

364. §312106 — Consultation with National Park System Advisory Board

365. §312301 — Definition

366. §312302 — Declaration of national interest

367. §312303 — Establishment

368. §312304 — Duties and powers; administrative support

369. §312305 — Reports

370. §312501 — Definition

371. §312502 — Threat of irreparable loss or destruction of significant scientific, prehistorical, historical, or archeological data by Federal construction projects

372. §312503 — Survey and recovery by Secretary

373. §312504 — Progress reports by Secretary on surveys and work undertaken as result of surveys

374. §312505 — Notice of dam construction

375. §312506 — Administration

376. §312507 — Assistance to Secretary by Federal agencies responsible for construction projects

377. §312508 — Costs for identification, surveys, evaluation, and data recovery with respect to historic property

378. §320101 — Declaration of national policy

379. §320102 — Powers and duties of Secretary

380. §320103 — Cooperation with governmental and private agencies and individuals

381. §320104 — Jurisdiction of States in acquired land

382. §320105 — Criminal penalties

383. §320106 — Limitation on obligation or expenditure of appropriated amounts

384. §320301 — National monuments

385. §320302 — Permits

386. §320303 — Regulations